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Weight Management: Finding a Healthy Balance

Chapter 12

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Objectives To discuss the differences between

overweight and obesity and implications for health

To present the concept of caloric balance in weight control

To examine the role of exercise and lifestyle modification in maintaining a healthy weight

To gain familiarity with the consequences of dieting and eating disorders

To set and evaluate personal goals for maintaining a healthy weight

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Introduction More than 50

percent of American adults are considered overweight or obese

More than 30 percent of American children are considered overweight or obese

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Introduction Physical activity has

been engineered out of day-to-day life

The food environment has become more “toxic” by the day

Eating disorders have emerged due to social pressures to be thin

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Energy-Balance Equation

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Energy-Balance Equation

Body weight is influenced by:• Energy expended through physical activity • Energy gained through dietary intake

Energy is measured in kilocalories (kcal)

This is expressed by the ‘energy-balance equation’

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The left side represents energy consumed The right side represents energy expended through

physical activity or exercise This situation depicts a balanced energy equation – a

stable weight is achieved

Energy consumed = Energy expended

Weight Stability

2000 kcal 2000 kcal

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Energy consumed beyond the body’s needs are stored as fat

Weight gain occurs when energy consumed exceeds energy expended through physical activity

Energy consumed > Energy expended

2300 kcal

1840 kcal

Weight Gain

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Energy expended through physical activity must exceed energy consumed for weight loss to occur

Energy consumed < Energy expended

2000 kcal

2400 kcal

Weight Loss

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Energy-Balance Equation

Some people want to put on a few pounds to look better, or to “bulk up” for athletic events

Healthy weight gain is best achieved through a regimen of increasing (healthy) food intake while participating in a strength training program to develop lean muscle tissue

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Energy Needs of the Body A large amount of energy must be

consumed by the body in order to carry out vital functions such as:

• Blood circulation

• Respiration

• Brain activity

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Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)The minimum amount of energy the body requires to carry on all vital functions