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What does Genocide mean? Give 2 examples

What is a totalitarian government and how do

they keep power?

Genocide is the deliberate attempt to kill off a group of people. Usually based on race, religion or ethnicity

A government with total control. The government stays in power by using terror to keep people in line. Dissenters are often killed, imprisoned or exiled.

Cambodian Genocide

Led by the Khmer Rouge and Pol Pot, Cambodia returned to Year Zero, turning

Cambodia into a Communist Nation

Pol PotOriginally a poor farmer, Pol Pot gained power during the 1970s.

During the Vietnamese War, American troops invaded Cambodia to stop supply routes for the Vietcong.

After the United States withdrew, the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot established a totalitarian government

Khmer-Ancient powerful Asian kingdom

Rouge- Red

Cambodian RevolutionOnce Pol Pot gained control, he wanted to get rid of foreign influences and democracy. Pol Pot instituted strict Communism, eliminated any challenges to his power and started Year Zero.Pol Pot’s goal was to create a Self-sufficient, agrarian, utopia (true communism)

Year ZeroWho: Khmer Rouge led by Pol PotWhen: 1975-1979Where: CambodiaWhat: Khmer Rouge Soldiers evacuate the cities an move

everyone to the countryside to farm and learn about communism

Why: Pol Pot wanted to restart the calendar at Year Zero to get rid of the past and past traditions. He eliminated threats to the future by destroying all parts of the past

Khmer RougeThe Khmer Rouge was made up of many teenagers and youths, who were attracted to the power of joining Pol Pot’s regime, and the appeal of communism. These youths ruthlessly followed orders and hunted down counter revolutionaries.

EvacuationsPol Pot and the Khmer Rouge evacuated everyone from the cities and forced them to work in the fields. They slaughtered or caused the death of more than 1,700,000 Cambodians, a third of the nation.

GenocideDuring the evacuations, the Khmer Rouge were particularly cruel to certain groups of people:-Business men and women-intellectuals and educated-foreigners-Cambodians who looked Vietnamese

Pol Pot was trying to purify Cambodia and its people by getting rid of foreign influence in genetics and knowledge.

S21 and schools for tortureHundreds of thousands of Cambodians were dragged to special torture centers, made from former school buildings. In these buildings people were tortured for information and often executed.

Killing FieldsThousands of undesirable Cambodian intellectuals, businessmen and women, and counter-revolutionaries were sent to killing fields, where they were tortured and killed.

Ending the RevolutionOn Christmas Day 1978, Vietnam launched a full scale invasion of Cambodia to end the Khmer Rouge’s reign. By January 7th Phnom Penh fell and Pol Pot was deposed (kicked out of power). Pol Pot fled to the jungle was died in 1998.

EffectsThe Cambodian Genocide and Year Zero transition to communism caused the deaths of nearly 2 million people, nearly a third of the estimated population. The first trial for crimes against humanity occurred in 2010

Additionally, the cities were in ruins after being empty for 3+ years. The Cambodians slowly rebuild and in 1993 became a democratic nation.

Time LinePol Pot’s attempt to bring Communism to the Cambodians ended in tragedy. His Year Zero strategy caused thousands of deaths in the initial evacuations. Millions died from systematic genocide and torture. It is estimated that 1/3 of the population died. For these reasons and more, Pol Pot is arguably one of the most evil men in history

Pol PotPol Pot’s attempt to bring Communism to the Cambodians ended in tragedy. His Year Zero strategy caused thousands of deaths in the initial evacuations. Millions died from systematic genocide and torture. It is estimated that 1/3 of the population died. For these reasons and more, Pol Pot is arguably one of the most evil men in history

23:21

Compare CommunismSoviet Union China Cambodia

Leaders:

Followers:

Plan:

Explain why people turn to Communist leaders, what they have to give up and what they get in return:

Compare CommunismSoviet Union China Cambodia

Leaders:

Followers:

Plan:

Explain why people turn to Communist leaders, what they have to give up and what they get in return: