What are the properties of minerals and

rocks?

Types of rocks

1) Sedimentary

rocks

2) Igneous rocks

3) Metamorphic

rocks

Igneous rocks1- Formed when rocks melt and then cool.

1) Rocks are pushed under the earth crust where it melts and turns into magma.

2) Magma comes out of a volcano and cools to form Igneous rocks.When magma comes out of the volcano, it is called LAVA

IfIgneous rocks cool down

quicklyOutside the volcano

(Extrusive igneous rocks)

Look like glassExample:

Basalt

Igneous rocks cools down slowly

Inside the volcano(Intrusive igneous rocks)

Has large grainsExample:Granite

Sedimentary rocks2- Formed when materials settle into layers.

Example:

SandstoneCompressed sand

LimestoneCompressed skeletons and

shells of sea animals

Wind and water break the rocks into small pieces.

Wind and water carries bits of rock and soil away.

Bits of rock and soil settle into layers.

After a long time, layers harden into rocks.

Weathering

Erosion

Sediments

Compression

CoalCompressed fossils of dead

plants.

Chalk

Sedimentary rocks

Metamorphic rocks3- Formed when other rocks are changed under heat or pressure.

Example:

MarbleTransformed

limestone

SlateTransformed

clay

Pressure from the above layers

Heat from the magma

Any other type of rock

How Metamorphic rocks are formed