What do we know about What do we know about cells?cells?

• We know that all living things We know that all living things require cellsrequire cells

• Is there a relationship in terms of Is there a relationship in terms of size, shape, components?size, shape, components?

• Seven different cells of various cell Seven different cells of various cell typestypes

In Lab bookIn Lab book

• Purpose:Purpose:• HypothesisHypothesis

– Statement + becauseStatement + because

• Materials and Method: See Materials and Method: See Cellabration HandoutCellabration Handout

DataData

• Picture of each cell type under low Picture of each cell type under low and High Powerand High Power

• Estimation of sizeEstimation of size• ObservationsObservations

– ShapeShape– Inside componentsInside components– Similarities between other cell typesSimilarities between other cell types

What did you discover in What did you discover in the lab? In regards to:the lab? In regards to:

• Similarities between cellsSimilarities between cells

• Difference between cellsDifference between cells

What did you discover in What did you discover in the lab in regards tothe lab in regards to

• Cell SizeCell Size

• ShapeShape

What did you discover in What did you discover in the lab in regards tothe lab in regards to

• The internal “circle”The internal “circle”

All living things need cellsAll living things need cells

• The organelles (or parts) of cells The organelles (or parts) of cells allow the characteristics of life to allow the characteristics of life to be metbe met

• There are different types of cells There are different types of cells which meet these qualifications in which meet these qualifications in different waysdifferent ways

There are characteristics that we use to There are characteristics that we use to group different cells with different group different cells with different

organelles.organelles.

• If cells do not have a nucleus they If cells do not have a nucleus they are called Prokaryotic Cells are called Prokaryotic Cells

• If cells do have a nucleus they are If cells do have a nucleus they are called Eukaryotic Cells.called Eukaryotic Cells.

The Nucleus The Nucleus

• Is the control Center of the cell. It is the Boss Is the control Center of the cell. It is the Boss and Brain.and Brain.

• All genetic information is kept here thus All genetic information is kept here thus instructions for making proteins and other instructions for making proteins and other necessities.necessities.

• It is often seen as a large Circle under the It is often seen as a large Circle under the microscopemicroscope

Which of the slides do you Which of the slides do you believe were Eukaryotes?believe were Eukaryotes?

• A.Clostridium botulinum and Bacillus A.Clostridium botulinum and Bacillus CereuaCereua

• B.Elodea,Potato, Cheek Cell, Onion Cell, B.Elodea,Potato, Cheek Cell, Onion Cell, EuglenaEuglena

Animal Cells/ Plant Cells Animal Cells/ Plant Cells are both Eukaryotes! As are both Eukaryotes! As well As Protists….well As Protists….

Bacteria is not!

Animal Cells/ Plant Cells Animal Cells/ Plant Cells have many things in have many things in commoncommon

MitochondriaMitochondria

• If a cell was a car, gas would be created If a cell was a car, gas would be created here!here!

• Allows the cell to use and maintain Allows the cell to use and maintain energyenergy

• Respiration occurs here. (Oxygen added Respiration occurs here. (Oxygen added to proteins to create energy in the form to proteins to create energy in the form of ATP (energy!)of ATP (energy!)

RibosomesRibosomes

• Make Proteins!Make Proteins!• Proteins do different things such aProteins do different things such a• control the rate of reactions in the cellcontrol the rate of reactions in the cell• regulate cell processes, regulate cell processes, • form bones and muscles or transport form bones and muscles or transport

things in and out of the cell.things in and out of the cell.– Ex: Lactase allows your body to digest milkEx: Lactase allows your body to digest milk

Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum

• Allows cells to use and obtain Allows cells to use and obtain materialsmaterials

• Channel or tube which materials Channel or tube which materials are transported through the cellare transported through the cell

• Helps to make proteins and Lipids Helps to make proteins and Lipids

Vacuoles Vacuoles

• The storage closet!The storage closet!• Maintains the correct pressure for the cell in Maintains the correct pressure for the cell in

plants so that they don’t explode or burstplants so that they don’t explode or burst

Some organelles are unique to plant Some organelles are unique to plant and Bacteria cellsand Bacteria cells

• Cell Walls Cell Walls are present in plant and bacteria are present in plant and bacteria cells for supportcells for support

• They are like the walls of a house and give They are like the walls of a house and give the cells a rigid shape!the cells a rigid shape!

• ChloroplastsChloroplasts are unique to some plant and are unique to some plant and bacteria cells to use energy from the sun. bacteria cells to use energy from the sun.

• Contain Clorophyll Gives Cells aContain Clorophyll Gives Cells a• Green colorGreen color

Which of the Samples do Which of the Samples do you believe were animal you believe were animal cells?cells?Remember Animal CellsRemember Animal Cellshave a less rigid shape/a nucleus/ no chloroplastshave a less rigid shape/a nucleus/ no chloroplasts• A. Clostridium botulinum and ElodeaA. Clostridium botulinum and Elodea

• B. Cheek CellB. Cheek Cell• C. Bacillus Cereus and EuglenaC. Bacillus Cereus and Euglena• D. Onion CellD. Onion Cell

Which of the Samples do Which of the Samples do you believe were plant you believe were plant cells?cells?Remember Plant cellsRemember Plant cellshave a rigid shape/a nucleus/ and sometimes chloroplastshave a rigid shape/a nucleus/ and sometimes chloroplastsA.Clostridium botulinum/ Cheek CellsA.Clostridium botulinum/ Cheek Cells

B.Elodea/Potato Cells/Onion CellsB.Elodea/Potato Cells/Onion Cells

C.Cheek Cell/Bacillus CereusC.Cheek Cell/Bacillus Cereus

D.Elodea/EuglenaD.Elodea/Euglena

Why would the Why would the potato/Onion cells not potato/Onion cells not have chloroplasts?have chloroplasts?

A.It is not a plant cellA.It is not a plant cell

B.It is not a part of the plant that B.It is not a part of the plant that photosynthesizesphotosynthesizes

C.I’m not sureC.I’m not sure

Do you think the Euglena Do you think the Euglena had chloroplasts?had chloroplasts?

• A. YesA. Yes• B. NoB. No

Bacteria Cells are unique! they are Prokaryotes and Bacteria Cells are unique! they are Prokaryotes and have no Nucleus! They keep their DNA in the have no Nucleus! They keep their DNA in the nucleoid. nucleoid.

They have some things in common with plant and They have some things in common with plant and animal cells to allow them to liveanimal cells to allow them to live

Other things are differentOther things are different

They move/Reproduce in unique They move/Reproduce in unique ways ways

• Some have Flagella to help them move- Like a whipSome have Flagella to help them move- Like a whip• They have a pilli which enables them to hook on to They have a pilli which enables them to hook on to

other cells and reproduce.other cells and reproduce.• They have a capsule which they use for protection.They have a capsule which they use for protection.

Which of the Samples do Which of the Samples do you believe were bacteria you believe were bacteria cells?cells?

A.Clostridium botulinum/ BacillusCereusA.Clostridium botulinum/ BacillusCereus

B.Elodea/PotatoB.Elodea/Potato

C.Cheek Cell/Euglena/Onion CellsC.Cheek Cell/Euglena/Onion Cells

To recap:To recap:• All cells are required for living thingsAll cells are required for living things• Animal/Plant cells are Eukaryotes(Have Animal/Plant cells are Eukaryotes(Have

Nucleus)Nucleus)• Bacteria are not EukaryotesBacteria are not Eukaryotes• All have some organelles in commonAll have some organelles in common• All have some organelles that are All have some organelles that are

differentdifferent

You are required to know that ones we You are required to know that ones we discussed in classdiscussed in class

• You will create lyrics for a song, write a poem or another You will create lyrics for a song, write a poem or another creative activity approved by Miss Hcreative activity approved by Miss H

• You will be graded by incorporating the important You will be graded by incorporating the important organelles of the cell you choose and describe how these organelles of the cell you choose and describe how these organelles allow them to meet life processesorganelles allow them to meet life processes

Creating a presentation which displays creativity and careCreating a presentation which displays creativity and care• You will work in groups up of 4. You will work in groups up of 4. • Each member will receive the same gradeEach member will receive the same grade