what is a mutation? a mutation is any change in genetic material. there are many ways for mutations...

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Genetic Mutations

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Page 1: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

Genetic Mutations

Page 2: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

Page 3: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

Page 4: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

What is a mutation?

A mutation is any change in genetic material.

There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are...

Page 5: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

1. Substitution: one base is switched for another

Page 6: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

2. Insertion: an extra base is inserted (put into) the DNA sequence

Page 7: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

3. Deletion: a base is removed from the DNA sequence

Page 8: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

Insertions and deletions are called frame shift mutations because they can cause a shift in the grouping of codons changing an entire amino acid sequence.

Page 9: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

Page 10: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

Chromosomal Mutations change the number or structure of chromosomes.

Example:• Down Syndrome results from an extra

chromosome on pair #21

Page 11: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

Page 12: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

Genetic Disorders from Mutations• Colorblindness• Huntington’s disease• Cystic Fibrosis• Spinabifida• Hemophilia• Muscular dystrophy• Sickle Cell Anemia• Turner Syndrome

Page 13: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

Significance of Mutations

Mutations can be…

1. harmful.– genetic disorders, deformities, death

2. beneficial.– resistance to disease, better camouflage,

stronger muscles; important for evolution!

3. neutral.– No effect

Page 14: What is a mutation? A mutation is any change in genetic material. There are many ways for mutations to occur. Common point mutations are

What causes mutations?

1. Just happen for multiple reasons, many are unknown

2. Mutagens: external (environmental) triggers that cause gene mutations.

– Chemicals (like in cigarettes & asbestos)– Radiation (like x-rays, UV light exposure, &

gamma radiation from nuclear energy.)– Viruses

Chapter 7a - DNA mutation and repair: Mutation and adaptation Types of mutations DNA repair mechanisms

Mutations Year 13. Mutations A mutation is a permanent genetic mistake in a gene or a chromosome. Mutations can occur spontaneously or be induced. Spontaneous

Spontaneous mutations occurred spontaneously Induced ... · Spontaneous mutations occurred spontaneously Induced mutations treating an organism with a mutagenizing agent Mutation

12-4 Mutations Mutation: A Change in DNA

MECHANISMS OF GENETIC CHANGE. GENETIC MUTATION Mutations occur all the time in our cells and usually do not cause us any harm, particularly if the mutation

AIM: How do mutations occur in DNA ?

DNA MUTATIONS · DNA MUTATIONS MUTATION = _____ to the genetic material of a living organism Anything that causes a mutation is called a _____ ex) Some types of mutations that could

Mutations. A Mutation is a change in an organism’s DNA It can occur naturally whenever a base is incorrectly copied, especially during DNA Replication

Chromosomes/DNA Mutations. Chromosome Mutation Mutations are permanent gene or chromosome changes that will be passed on to offspring if they occur in

Mutations and detection of mutation using AuNP

Mutation, Transposition, and Repair. A.Gene Mutation 1. Mutations are Classified in Different Ways:

Mutations Natural and Artificial Mutations. Mutations There are 2 classes of mutations Nucleotide mutations occur when 1-4 nucleotides are altered, added

Mutations. What is a mutation? Mutation – A change in the DNA that affects inherited genetic information They may be gene mutations which result from

From the previous lesson on mutation you should be able to: state what mutations are explain how mutations occur Adaptation, natural selection and the

Mutations: a source of variation. Mutations are the source of variation A mutation is a heritable change in genetic material. A mutation is a heritable

A.Gene Mutation 1. Mutations are Classified in Different Ways: 2. The Rates of Spontaneous Mutations: 3. How Spontaneous Mutations Occur: 4. Mutagens and

Mutations and DNA Technology. What is a mutation? A mutation is a change in DNA Two types of mutations are gene mutations and chromosome mutations

MUTATIONS. Fitness of Mutations The fitness of a mutation describes its value to the survival and reproductive success of the organism. A mutation may

MATHEMATICAL MODEL ON DNA MUTATION AND ......DNA mutation is a change in the base sequence of the DNA. These mutations in DNA sequences generally occur through one of four processes:

Mutations - TeachEngineering...Small-Scale Mutations 1. Substitution (or a “point” mutation”) Substitutions occur when a nucleotide is replaced with a different nucleotide in

Changing the Genetic Information Mutations A mutation refers to any permanent change in the DNA nucleotide base sequence of an organism. Mutations occur

Mutations. Mutation Permanent changes or errors in a DNA sequence Copied during DNA replication Therefore heritable OR may occur during transcription

Mutation - ULisboabmg.fc.ul.pt/Disciplinas/GBM/aulas/8MutacRepar.pdf · Mutation might also occur during DNA replication Wilde-type Mutant. Two basic classes of mutations based on

Mutations Gene: Frame Shift Mutation (deletion) · Mutations May or May Not Affect Phenotype • Some gene mutations changephenotype. • Some gene mutations do notaffect phenotype

Biallelic DICER1 mutations occur in Wilms tumoursresearch-repository.uwa.edu.au/files/3427895/NHMRC_PID_35072... · Biallelic DICER1 mutations occur in Wilms tumours. ... Biallelic

EFFECT OF MUTATIONS ON PROTEIN FUNCTION GENE MUTATION = POINT

Mutations Year 11. Mutations A mutation is a permanent genetic mistake in a gene or a chromosome. Mutations can occur spontaneously or be induced. Spontaneous

Origin of Mutations Under Selection: The Adaptive Mutation

Mutations Introduction Every normal cell carries a full complement of genetic material A mutation can occur in: –a somatic (body) cell (aren’t passed

Ch 12.4 Mutations. Mutation: -inheritable changes in genetic material

Mutations - Ms. Turner's Biology Classroom Websiteturnerclassroom.weebly.com/uploads/2/3/1/8/... · Mutations A Mutation is a change in an organism’s DNA It can occur naturally

Mutations - thiacinthiacin.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/mutation-notes.pdf · 2017-11-05 · Point mutations occur when there is a change in a single base pair of DNA. The mutations

Modern Genetics SB.notebook · •Mutations can occur naturally during DNA replication (slow process: it takes many (thousands of generations) for the ... mutation. Modern Genetics

DNA MUTATION AND TUMOR FORMATION II: ANALYSIS OF … · 2018. 1. 11. · DNA mutation is a change in the base sequence of the DNA. These mutations in DNA sequences generally occur

Canine genetically inherited eye disease mutations...Canine genetically inherited eye disease mutations Gene Mutation annotation Mutation type Disease designation AHT offers DNA test