what is abnormal psychology? behaviors, thoughts, & moods outside what is considered...
TRANSCRIPT
What is Abnormal Psychology?
• behaviors, thoughts, & moods outside what is considered “normal” in culture - atypical
• However… what is normal? what is abnormal?
Psychopathology
CATEGORIES
• Neuroses - anxiety based
- Phobias - Panic Disorders - GAD - OCD - Hypochondriasis - Depressions - Amnesias - PTSD - DID
• Psychoses – physiological based
- Personality Disorders *Addictions *Schizoid * Borderline - Depressions - Bipolar Disorder - Paranoia - Schizophrenias
Whitlock’s Line of Psychopathology
Reality
Neuroses
Psychoses
DID
PTSD
Phobias
Self-mutilation
Bi-Polar Disorder
BDD
Paranoid
Schizophrenia
SAD
Psychogenic Pain
Sexual Deviance
Addictions
Eating Disorders
Pseudocysis
Pyromania
RADOCDKleptomania
Trichotillomania
Hypochondriasis
Fugue
GAD
Munchausen(Pedophilia)
Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
• Demonology, Gods, & Magic– Abnormal behavior often attributed to possession– “Good”or“Bad” possession depended on symptoms
• Hippocrates (460-377 B.C.)
- Mental disorders due to natural causes
- Humors = Fluids
Twentieth Century Treatment
• 1946 – 1963: Changing views of mental health services– National Institute of Mental Health organized– DSM-I published– Mary Jane Ward published The
Snake Pit– Goffman published Asylums– Hill-Burton Act is passed – Community Health Services Act of
1963
20th Century Deinstitutionalization
Deinstitutionalization and Community Mental Health Care1970s
• Forces that initiated– Miracle drugs– Reconceptualization of Mental Illness– Recognition of Institutional Hazards– Economic Incentives
Is this a mental disorder?
• A man can’t get through the day without crying
• A woman stays in bed until noon
• A woman believes that her daughter’s spirit is escaping from her body
• A man sets fire to his land
What are we studying?
• Abnormal Behaviors
• Psychopathology
• Mental Disorders
• Mental Illnesses
• Deviant Behaviors
Defining Mental Disorder
Must Have….
• Distress
• Maladaptiveness
• Irrationality
• Unpredictability
• Unconventionality
• Observer Discomfort
• Violation of Moral and Ideal Standards
Mental Health Professionals
• Clinical Psychologist (Ph.D., C. Psych.)
• Psychiatrist (M.D.)
• Psychiatric Social Worker (M.S.W.)
• Psychoanalyst
• Therapist/Counselor
Being Sane in Insane Places• Rosenhan Pseudopatient Study, 1973• Eight healthy participants complained of hearing
voices saying “thud,” “hollow,” and “empty,” but did not feign any other symptoms
• Admitted to inpatient hospital• Once admitted, “stopped” hearing these voices• Seven received diagnosis of Schizophrenia• Stays ranged from 7 to 52 days, average of 19 days
• Family and friends could identify no significant differences in behavior of “pseudo-patients”
• 35/118 other patients identified “pseudo-patients” as being sane– “You’re not crazy. You’re a journalist or a professor.
You’re checking up on the hospital.”
• Otherwise normal behavior was interpreted by hospital staff as symptoms of illness– Writing in journal was interpreted as compulsive
behavior– Walking around floor was interpreted as anxiety
Key points• When thinking about mental disorders, it is
important to remember:– Knowing person’s diagnosis and understanding that
diagnosis is important, but it is not sufficient to understanding person
– It is important to take person’s culture into consideration when thinking about their symptoms
– People are not defined by their diagnosis
• No one would talk about a cancer patient and say, “He’s cancerian” but people will say “He’s schizophrenic” when talking about someone suffering from schizophrenia