what is art? what should art convey?. art is: the presentation or expression of what is beautiful,...
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WHAT IS ART?
WHAT SHOULD ART CONVEY?
ART IS:the presentation or expression of
what is beautiful, appealing or of more than
ordinary significance
layered, complex, susceptible to many different
interpretations
the source of questions and ruminations, not tidy
solutions
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SURREALISM: is the imagination of the unconscious
is a positive expression
is an unification of the conscious /
unconscious
is where dreams and fantasy are joined to
the rational, everyday world in an absolute
reality = surreality
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SURREALITY: is surprising, spontaneous, unexpected,
irrational
Andre Breton, Paris art critic, coined the
name “Manifesto of Surrealism” in the 1920’s
Breton admired Sigmund Freud
Breton trained in medicine and psychiatry
disdained traditional art forms
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EXAMPLES OF SURREALISTS:Salvador Dali
Maxwell Ernst
Rene Magritte
Joan Miró
Picasso
Jackson Pollock(an abstractionist who greatly admired the
surrealists)
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The Persistence of Memory Salvador Dali, 1931
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7The Tilled FieldJoan Miró, 1923-24
SURREALISM AUTHORS:authors considered surrealist
Jean Cocteau
E.E. Cummings
Garcia Lorca
Henry Miller
Anais Nin
Dylan Thomas
William Carlos Williams
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REALISM: is an art movement from France in
the 1850’s
is an objective reality – true to life
honesty / accuracy
subjects in art appear as they do in everyday life
no embellishment
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REALISM:the realists rejected romanticism and
neoclassicism from the late 1700’s / early 1800’s
painters who painted from the world around them
examples of realists:John Singleton Copley
Gustave CourbetHonore DaumierThomas EakinsJean-François MilletWilliam Sidney Mount 10
11The Death of Major PiersonJohn Singleton Copley - 1784
The Gleaners Jean-François Millet, 1857
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REALISM AUTHORS:authors considered realistsWilliam Defoe
Henry Fielding
Hamlin Garland
William Dean Howells
Henry James
Sarah Orne Jewett
Upton Sinclair
Mark Twain
Edith Wharton
Walt Whitman13
IMPRESSIONISM:began in the 1860’s after the Paris World’s
Fairaccurately, objectively recording of visual
reality in terms of transient effects of color and light
the term comes from Monet’s painting “Impression, Sunrise”
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FEATURES OF IMPRESSIONISM:visible brush strokesunusual angles light and changing lightconsidered radical in its timevery open composition, movementunmixed color not smoothly blendedhow the eye views the subject /
not a re-creation of the subject
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examples of impressionistsMary Cassat
Paul Cezanne
Edgar Degas
Edouard Manet
Claude Monet
Berthe Morisot
Camille Pissarro
Pierre Auguste Renoir
John Singer Sargent
Alfred Sisley
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17Impression, SunriseClaude Monet, 1873
18The Boating PartyMary Cassat, 1893-94
IMPRESSIONISM AUTHORS:the Romantic writers
William Blake
Emily Bronte
Wilkie Collins
Mary Shelley
William Wordsworth
and
Joseph Conrad
Arthur Rimbaud
Virginia Woolf 19
ABSTRACTIONISM:no concrete objects –
at least no recognizable onesmorally loaded themes
(rebellion, a disgust with society) emphasis is on individual, spontaneity, mood,
feelings, & revolt(without being an actual representation)
uses form / color / line to create composition existing independently of visual references to the world
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WHY ABSTRACTIONISM?at the end of the 19th century, artists felt
they needed a new kind of art to encompass changes in Science / Technology / Philosophy
it reflects diversity / turmoil of Western society
artists include:Theo van Doesburg
Wassily KandinskyPieter Cornelius “Piet” MondrianJackson Pollock
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22Composition XWassily Kandinsky, 1939
Composition with Yellow, Blue, and RedPiet Mondrian, 1937-42
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ASSIGNMENT form groups of FOUR students choose from ONE of the four genres:birthday party
cafeteriasporting eventwedding
illustrate your choice in each of the FOUR genres:surrealism
realismimpressionismabstractionism
your group will have FOUR total illustrations
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