what is biology? biology is the study of life. living things are called organisms. o include...
TRANSCRIPT
What is Biology?
• BIOLOGY is the study of life.
• Living things are called ORGANISMS.o Include animals, plants, fungi, protist,
and bacteria.
All living things share some basic properties.All living things share some basic properties.
Cellular OrganizationCellular Organization
ReproductionReproduction
Metabolism (Obtain and Use Energy)Metabolism (Obtain and Use Energy)
HomeostasisHomeostasis
HeredityHeredity
ResponsivenessResponsiveness
Growth and DevelopmentGrowth and Development
Adapt Through EvolutionAdapt Through Evolution
Unicellular OrganismsUnicellular OrganismsEntire organism is made up of one single cellEntire organism is made up of one single cell
Example:Bacteria and protistsExample:Bacteria and protists
Smallest unit capable of all life functionsSmallest unit capable of all life functions
Multicellular OrganismsMulticellular OrganismsThe organism is made up of many The organism is made up of many cellscells
Cells have special functions Cells have special functions within the organismwithin the organism
Reproduction is the process of producing new Reproduction is the process of producing new organisms of the same typeorganisms of the same type
Asexual ReproductionAsexual ReproductionWhen a new organism is formed from one parentWhen a new organism is formed from one parent
Sexual ReproductionSexual ReproductionWhen a new organism is formed form two parentsWhen a new organism is formed form two parents
Involves the combination of male and female Involves the combination of male and female genetic informationgenetic information
Living organisms need energy Living organisms need energy (nutrition=food) to grow, develop, (nutrition=food) to grow, develop, repair damage, and reproducerepair damage, and reproduce
Autotrophic- organisms can make their own food
Heterotrophic-organisms cannot make their own food
SYNTHESISSYNTHESIS
The process of building up complex substances The process of building up complex substances from simpler substancesfrom simpler substances
Building up cells and cellular components
Photosynthesis
DigestionDigestion
The process of breaking down complex The process of breaking down complex substances into simpler substances to release substances into simpler substances to release energyenergy
MetabolismMetabolism
The total of all chemical activities in an The total of all chemical activities in an organismorganism
*Metabolic processes use chemical reactants and result in chemical products and wastes.
An organism’s stable internal environmentAn organism’s stable internal environment
Examples:Examples:
Body temperatureBody temperature
Blood volumeBlood volume
pH balancepH balance
Water balanceWater balance
VideoVideo
TransportTransport
*Process by which substances are absorbed and released
*Materials are circulated within an organism
Organisms react to stimuli:Organisms react to stimuli:
LightLight
TemperatureTemperature
OdorOdor
Sound Sound
GravityGravity
HeatHeat
WaterWater
PressurePressure
An example is a plantAn example is a plant’’s s leaves and stems growing leaves and stems growing toward lighttoward light
Genes carry hereditary information
Genes are composed of DNA
Heredity is the reason children resemble their parents
Mutations change DNA code and can be passed from generation to generation
Growth means to get bigger in sizeGrowth means to get bigger in size
Development involves a change in the Development involves a change in the physical form or physiological make-up of physical form or physiological make-up of an organisman organism
AdaptationAdaptation
When an organism makes a When an organism makes a change that will increase its change that will increase its chances of survival in its chances of survival in its natural habitatnatural habitat
Species obtain adaptations Species obtain adaptations through through evolutionevolution over great over great periods of timeperiods of time
An Example of AdaptationAn Example of Adaptation
Desert plants have succulent waxy leaves and Desert plants have succulent waxy leaves and stems to store water and reduce water lossstems to store water and reduce water loss
Video – adaptationhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x1MUl8XSZGAhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4xFDjy3uT8