This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’.

What is the message of this cartoon?

To do this question, you need first to borrow two concepts from English:

Denotation(what you see)

Connotation(how it affects its audience)

The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’.

This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

Hitler gives the Nazi salute to a march-past of his armies.

German militarism.

Denotation

Connotation

MeaningHitler is openly flaunting his military power.

The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’.

This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

At the front of the column, recognisable politicians giving Hitler the Nazi salute.

They are honouring/ praising him.

Denotation

Connotation

MeaningHitler may be growing in military power, but it is the politicians of France, Britain and Italy who are to blame - for letting him.

The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’.

This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

They have rolled up the Treaty of Versailles.

Rolled up = put away/ forgotten/ abandoned.

Denotation

Connotation

MeaningThe leaders are allowing Hitler to break the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and are doing nothing to stop him.

The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’.

This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

They carry a flag saying: ’17 years of lost opportunity’.

This is ironic – normally you carry a flag for things you are proud of; they ought to be ashamed.

Denotation

Connotation

MeaningIt is 17 years since the end of the First World War and STILL the leaders of the world have not agreed Disarmament.

The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’.

This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

Finally, always remember to look at:

Origin(who drew it)

Date(when it was published)

The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’.

This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

20 March 1935.

Four days after Hitler had held his 'Freedom to Rearm' military rally.

Date

Details

SignificanceLow is reacting to Germany’s open remilitarisation.

The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’.

This drawing by the British cartoonist David Low (20 March 1935) is titled 'Cause comes before effect'.

The British cartoonist David Low.

Low hated Hitler, and believed that he wanted to take over the world.

Origin

Details

SignificanceLow blames the leaders for allowing Hitler to rearm.

The cartoon shows Hitler's armies marching past him - but at the front are politicians such as Chamberlain, Clemenceau, Laval and Mussolini. They have rolled up the ‘Treaty of Versailles’, and carry a flag saying: ’17 Years of Lost Opportunity’.