The dawn of a new era

What was the progressivism movement? Define.What were the four goals of progressivism?What amendments were added to the U.S. Constitution during the progressive movement?What group of people helped bring many of the issues during Progressivism to the public?Which three Presidents were most involved in the Progressivism movement? List 3 major accomplishments of the Progressive era that we still see today?

Progressive movementOrigins of ProgressivismExplain the 4 goals of progressivismIdentify efforts to reform state government, protect workers, and reform electionsObjectivesJournalists and writers exposed unsafe condition like never beforeMiddle class stepping in to help reformIntellectuals questioned the dominant role of large corporations in American societyThe coming of change.Progressivism MovementAimed to restore economic opportunities and correct injustices in American life

4 Goals of ProgressivismProtecting social welfarePromoting moral improvementCreating economic reformFostering Efficiency1. Protecting Social WelfareSocial Gospel movement & settlement houses continued through during the Progressive EraYMCA established libraries, pools, recreation centersSalvation Army soup kitchens

Florence KellyFlorence Kelly- advocate for improving lives of women and childrenChief inspector of factories for ILPushed for child labor laws Limit womens work hours

Daughter of antislavery Republican congressman1899 General Secretary of National Consumers League Worked in Hull House

What motivated Kelly to spend her life working for such reform?

2. Promoting Moral ImprovementMorality needed to be reformedImmigrants/poor city dwellers needed to uplift themselves by improving personal behaviorProhibition- banning of alcoholic beveragesAlcohol was undermining American values!!!Lead by WCTU (Womens Christian Temperance Movement)

3. Creating Economic ReformSevere economic panic in 1893 prompted American to question Capitalistic Economic SystemEmbraced SOCIALISM Social Party 1901Eugene V. Debs: pushed for the formation of unions and socialism.

Muckrakers-journalists who wrote about the corrupt side of business/public life

Labor Unions FormWorking long hours 7 days a week 12 or more hours Wages so low most families couldnt surviveMen, women and children all had to work (some as young as 5 years old)Men avg. $498Women avg. $267Children 27cents for 14-hr days

Child Labor

Child Laborhttp://www.continuetolearn.uiowa.edu/laborctr/child_labor/about/us_history.htmlBan child laborhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mplPjjex4I8&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPw4jTDKYbg

4. Fostering EfficiencyResearch done on the workplaceTime and motion studies to improve efficiencyBreak down task into simpler partsScientific management- studies to see just how quickly each task could be preformed

(Improving efficiency also targeted government)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfw0KapQ3qw

What to take away from the 4 goalsProtecting Social WelfareProtect & help the people no matter WHO or WHERE they come fromPromoting Moral ImprovementUplift by improving self behavior

Creating Economic ReformSevere economic panic 1893 ? CapitalismSocialism vs CapitalismFostering EfficiencyWorkplace more efficientScientific ManagementHigh worker turnover: injury, fatigueHenry FordIntroduction of the assembly lineModel TEveryone will be able to afford [a car] and about everyone will have one -1909http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYbsBcPDVQMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pZlJ0vtUu4wTo keep workers happy thus limiting strikes8 hour work day$5 a day

Cleaning Up the Local GovernmentGrew out of distrust of immigrants involvement in politicsPolitical Bosses corruption of cities

Also prompted by natural disastersEx: 1900 Hurricane/tidal wave destroyed Galveston, TXOfficials botched relief effort SO bad TX legislature appointed 5 member commission of experts to take overNeeded more efficiency during this industrial time

5 Member CommissionEach member took over a different city departmentSuccess prompted city to adopt commission idea as a form of governmentMember had training or past experience in area

Can you think of any modern day examples?Hurricane KatrinaCriticism from politicians, activists, and journalists of all stripes was directed at the local and state governments headed by Mayor Ray Nagin of New Orleans and Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco. Nagin and Blanco were criticized for failing to implement New Orleans' evacuation plan and for ordering residents to a shelter of last resort without any provisions for food, water, security, or sanitary conditions. Perhaps the most important criticism of Nagin was that he delayed his emergency evacuation order until 19 hours before landfall, which led to hundreds of deaths of people who (by that time) could not find any way out of the city.

The destruction wrought by Hurricane Katrina raised other, more general public policy issues about emergency management, environmental policy, poverty, and unemployment. The discussion of both the immediate response and of the broader public policy issues may have affected elections and legislation enacted at various levels of government. The storm's devastation also prompted a Congressional investigation, which found that FEMA and the Red Cross "did not have a logistics capacity sophisticated enough to fully support the massive number of Gulf coast victims." Additionally, it placed responsibility for the disaster on all three levels of governmentShould officials be held accountable???Cedar Rapids FloodsA couple months after the June floods, Iowa flood victims reported violent coughing, headaches, and conditions such as Asthma, Bronchitis, and other health issues worsening since moving in to the trailers. KGAN-TV out of Cedar Rapids tested 20 trailers in the Cedar Rapids area under contract with a nationally certified chemical testing company, with testing kits finding unsafe levels of Formaldehyde in six of them, according to Environmental Protection Agency and American Lung Association limits, which are more stringent than FEMA's or Iowa's standards.Officials criticized for progress taking longer than expected

Still houses from flood standingDowntown CR vacant and bareHow do you bring business back?Statistics [The Gazette/KCRG-TV 1]Houses damaged: 5,238 (parcels: 5,390)Businesses damaged: 940 (parcels: 1,049)Non-profits/faith organizations damaged: 77City blocks affected: 1,300 (10 square miles)River levels: Crest 31.12 feet June 13, 2008 at 10:15 am (flood stage 12 feet),One month after crest: 8.66 feet, Two months after crest: 4.43 feet,Previous record crests: 20 feet in 1929 and 1951, 19.27 feet in 1993the lesson to be learned is that full recovery will take at least ten years, and that the political and private establishments will have to put aside territorial one-ups-man-ship and co-operate in making some decisions that will be decidedly unpopularState LevelRobert M. La Follette- Republican Governor of WisconsinLed way in regulating big business drive them out of politicsTargeted railroad industry

Reform PoliticsInitiative: bill originated by people rather than law makersReferendum: Vote on initiativeRecall: Enable voters to remove public officials by holding another electionOld way State legislature choose Senators

17th Amendment: People get to elect their Senator

Reforming ElectionsDirect Election of Senators