What, Where and How

2014

USA Agriculture

10. Jim Skinner, McDonald’s president and CEO. 9. Sam Sifton, Restaurant critic, New York Times. 8. Mike Duke, Wal-Mart president and CEO. 7. Brook Johnson, Food Network president. 6. Alice Waters, Chief restaurateur and activist. 5. Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple. 4. Michelle Obama, First lady of the US. 3. Hugh Grant, Chairman, president and CEO of

Monsanto. 2. Thomas J. Vilasack, Secretary of the US Dept. of

Agriculture. 1. You lot, the food buyers and consumers.

Cherry King 2012

Idaho Agriculture

2010

•Inhabited by native Indians for thousands of years. •Explored by Lewis & Clark 1805-1806. •At that time owned jointly by USA and UK. •UK was kicked out by Oregon Treaty of 1846.

1860

1863

Idaho History

•First permanent USA settlement was established by the Mormons at Franklin in 1860. •These settlers were Idaho’s first farmers and were instrumental in setting the foundation for irrigated agriculture in the south.

Idaho History

•In the 1870’s, growing numbers of eastern settlers occupying Indian lands led to a series of battles between US and the Nez Perce, Bannock, and Sheepeater tribes. •“I will fight no more forever”

Idaho History

•After gold was discovered at Orofino Creek in 1860. •This caused gold prospectors to swarm into the state. •This mass increase in population was short lived and most had left soon after leaving ghost towns.

Idaho History

•Mining remains important today where Idaho ranks amongst US states in silver, lead, cobalt and garnet. •Timber also added to the state wealth but again left many ghost towns after logging ended.

Idaho History •For most of the last century Agriculture has been the leading state export. •Recently superseded by the electronics industry. •However, agriculture to many is the mainstay of Idaho and its community.

Idaho History •Today, tourism is the largest state income. •Idaho remains one of the last pristine environments in the nation. •Visitors enjoy the scenery, raft, hike and hunt.

193,161

71,713

53,372 52,338 52,240 40,059 38,630 34,433 31,081

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

200000

Idaho Agriculture

Idaho Agriculture

Idaho Agriculture

Idaho Agriculture

Idaho Agriculture

Potato

Idaho Agriculture

Idaho Legislator created in 1919, to regulate the state’s agriculture industry.

To protect Idaho crops and livestock from the introduction of pests and diseases.

Help provide a system for marketing agricultural commodities.

Protect consumers from contaminated products or fraudulent marketing/

Director Gould was

appointed by Governor C. L. “Butch” Otter to the Idaho State Department of Agriculture in January 2007.

She is a third generation Idaho farmer/rancher, raising black-angus cattle, corn, wheat and hay.

Objectives for ISDA include: Ensure quality products, Retain and train employees

to ensure the highest quality of professional expertise;

Administer the business of the department efficiently and effectively.

Celia Gould

Five Idaho Commodity Commissions are technically housed within ISDA. These include:

Idaho Alfalfa and Clover Seed Commission;

Idaho Honey Advertising Commission;

Idaho Hop Commission;

Idaho Mint Commission;

Idaho Sheep Commission.

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Total FarmLand

Non-FieldCrop

Field Crops State Forest State Parks

Total land area in Idaho 52,958,080 acres

There are 25,349 farms in the state.

11,497,383 acres of total farm land.

Average farm size is 454 acres.

Market value of Idaho agricultural products sold is $5,688,765,000.

Idaho crop sales are $2,324,789,000 (41% of total).

Idaho livestock sales are $3,363,976,000 (59% of total).

4,891

7,497

5,225

3,445

1,808

2,483

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

1 to 9 10 to 49 50 to 179 180 to 499 500 to 9999 1,000+

acres

There are 51 Soil Conservation Districts in the state of Idaho.

Idaho Soil Conservation Commission was created in 1939 to deal with soil erosion crisis of the Dust Bowl.

Threebear is the official Idaho soil, consisting of moderately well drained soils formed in silty sediments with a mental of volcanic ash.

The name “Threebear” is derived from a creek in Latah County, Idaho.

Surface layer: yellowish brown silt loam.

Subsoil - upper: light yellowish brown silt loam.

Subsoil - middle: very pale brown silt loam.

Subsoil - lower: a very firm and brittle fragipan of yellowish brown silt loam

Idaho Topography

The climate in Idaho is quite diverse, and is generally good for crop growth.

Hot summers help agricultural plants grow, while cold winters help soil to replenish itself.

Southern Idaho typically receives 12 inches of rainfall annually, while Northern Idaho typically receives 25 inches of rainfall.

Northern Idaho average January temperature is 22 oF in January and 85 oF in July. Southern Idaho average 21 oF in January and 90 oF in July.

Idaho Climate

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

* * * * * *

*

294

1,130

1,345

470

110 170 134

50 30 20 0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

833

1,092

627

292

59 54 25 29 7 6 3 0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200US$ million

978 959

372

267

136 63 40 15 11 8 4

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

US$ million

• 1/3 of Idaho Agricultural products are exported.

• Over 70% of Idaho wheat is exported.

• Over 75% of Idaho dry peas and lentils are exported.

559

502

302 294

207

121

63 58 49 24 18 2

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Canada 20%

Mexico 16%

Japan 10%

China 10%

Indonesia 6%

Malaysia 4%

Korea Republic 3%

Taiwan 2%

Other 29%

Latest census poll of the state of Idaho is 1,321,006 people.

There are 1,970,015 cattle, 275,000 sheep, and 45,500,000 cultivated trout in the state of Idaho.

Idaho dairy produces 10,895,000,000 lb of milk each year.

Idaho poultry produces 249 million eggs per year.

Idaho Counties District

10

District 80

District 90

District 70

Crop North (10)

South (70)

Central (80)

East (80)

Potato 200 19,000 79,300 220,500

Alfalfa 57,000 185,000 296,000 462,000

Winter wheat 353,900 55,100 95,000 236,000

Spring wheat 99,000 15,500 57,000 328,500

Barley 55,000 6,000 144,000 385,000

Grain Corn 0 83,000 158,000 28,800

Silage Corn 200 45,800 132,000 22,000

Sugarbeets 0 27,400 109,000 39,600

Dry Beans 50,200 13,000 30,300 500

Number 1 in the USA in:

Potato, Barley, Austrian winter pea, Wrinkled pea , Small white/red bean , and Pink bean production.

Number 2 in the USA in:

Lentils, Edible pea, Sugar beet, and Garbanzo Bean production.

Number 3 in the USA in:

Mint, Hops, Onion production, cheese, milk, prunes & plums.

221 Organic farms in Idaho covering 96,563 acres.

51,223 acres of organic pasture

Total organic produce sales $71,250,000

Ranked #1 in the nation for organic barley and hay; #3 for potatoes; #6 for grapes; #7 for beef; #12 for milk & dairy; and #14 for oilseeds

Food For Thought

•63 large potatoes (or 23 lbs) per day. •288 slices of bread per day. •43 glasses of milk or 2 pounds of cheese per day. •2 ½ beef steaks or 5¼ pound of burgers per day. •2 Onions & 2 cups of beans. •1 apple per day. •And a wee bit of wine!

Potato by County

200 a

400 cwt/a

80k cwt

24,000 a

475 cwt/a

9,975k cwt 81,000 a

447 cwt/a

36,210k cwt

232,500 a

357 cwt/a

82,650k cwt

Bingham - 20,200k cwt Power - 15,700k cwt Fremont - 10,600k cwt Bonneville - 9,930k cwt Madison - 9,560k cwt Jefferson - 9,100k cwt

Alfalfa by County

57,000a

2.3 t/acre

130k tons

185,000 a

4.7 t/acre

880k tons 296,000 a

4.8 t/acre

1,410k tons

462,000 a

4.1 t/acre

1,880k tons

Jefferson - 420,500 tons Bingham - 313,000 tons Jerome - 231,700 tons Cassia - 226,300 tons Owyhee - 206,000 tons Elmore - 180,000 tons

All Wheat by County

452,900a

65.4 Bu/a

28,560k Bu

61,100 a

99.4 Bu/a

6,460k Bu 152,000 a

96.4 Bu/a

15,425k Bu

564,500 a

75.6 Bu/a

39,870k Bu

Bingham - 12,270k Bu Power - 7,700k Bu Cassia - 6,802k Bu Latah - 6,770k Bu Nez Perce - 6,590k Bu Lewis - 5,580k Bu

Winter Wheat by County

353,900a

69.5 Bu/a

22,460k Bu

55,100 a

105.3 Bu/a

4,950k Bu 95,000 a

98.4 Bu/a

9,350k Bu

236,000 a

73.1 Bu/a

17,910k Bu

Bingham - 8,200k Bu Latah - 5,340k Bu Nez Perce - 5,390k Bu Power - 4.350k Bu Cassia - 4,450k Bu Lewis - 4,450k Bu

Bingham - 12,275k Bu Power - 7,700k Bu Cassia - 6,802k Bu Latah - 6,770 k Bu Nez Perce - 5,580k Bu

Winter Wheat by County

Spring Wheat by County

99,000a

53.5 Bu/a

6,100k Bu

15,500 a

83.9 Bu/a

1,510k Bu 57,000 a

93.5 Bu/a

5,800k Bu

328,500 a

75.7 Bu/a

20,900k Bu

Bingham - 4,000k Bu Fremont - 2,920k Bu Power - 2,780k Bu Jefferson - 2,750k Bu Bonneville - 2,680k Bu Madison - 2,670k Bu

Barley by County

55,000 a

60 Bu/a

2,700k Bu

6,000 a

80 Bu/a

600k Bu 144,000 a

102 Bu/a

12,500k Bu

385,000 a

84 Bu/a

27,040k Bu

Bonneville - 5,500k Bu Jefferson - 4,330k Bu Fremont - 4,230k Bu Madison - 3,100k Bu Caribou - 2,730k Bu Teton - 2,375k Bu

Grain Corn by County

None

Harvested

83,000 a

185 Bu/a

6,470k Bu 158,000 a

155 Bu/a

3,710k Bu

28,800 a

145 Bu/a

870k Bu

Canyon - 2,670k Bu Owyhee - 1,525k Bu Twin falls - 1,030k Bu Gooding - 960k Bu Payette - 950k Bu Gem - 588k Bu

Silage Corn by County

200a

20 t/acre

4k tons

45,800 a

28.2 t/acre

1290k tons 132,000 a

27.7 t/acre

3,676 tons

22,000 a

24.1 t/acre

530k tons

Twin falls - 1,000k tons Gooding - 945k tons Jerome - 840k tons Cassia - 590k tons Canyon - 532k tons Owyhee - 246k tons

Sugar beets by County

None

Harvested

27,400 a

32.3 t/acre

1,050k tons 109,000 a

31.0 t/acre

3,643k tons

39,600 a

33.4 t/acre

1,235k tons

Minidoka - 1,484,000 tons Cassia - 1,025,000 tons Bingham - 786,000 tons Jerome - 458,000 tons Power - 449,000 tons Twin Falls - 413,000 tons

Dry Beans by County

450,200 a

1,100 lb/a

480k cwt

113,000 a

2,480 lb/a

327k cwt 30,300 a

2,480 lb/a

1,095k cwt

500 a

2000 lb/a

4k cwt

Twin Falls - 560,000 cwt Nez Perce - 254,000 cwt Jerome - 205,000 cwt Cassia - 192,000 cwt Canyon - 182,000 cwt Latah - 182,000 cwt