What’s this political cartoon showing?What’s this political cartoon showing?

The French RevolutionThe French RevolutionPart 1: The Old OrderPart 1: The Old Order

BIG Idea: In 1789, BIG Idea: In 1789, Enlightenment ideas and Enlightenment ideas and poor living conditions led poor living conditions led the lower and middle the lower and middle classes to question classes to question absolute monarchy and absolute monarchy and aristocratic privilege.aristocratic privilege.

11stst Estate: Clergy Estate: Clergy

1% of the population.1% of the population. Paid no taxes.Paid no taxes. Collected a tithe, or tax, from Collected a tithe, or tax, from

church-goers.church-goers.

22ndnd Estate: Nobility Estate: Nobility

2% of the population.2% of the population. Paid no taxes.Paid no taxes. Collected feudal dues from Collected feudal dues from

peasants.peasants.

33rdrd Estate: Everyone Else Estate: Everyone Else

97% of the population.97% of the population. Peasants, urban poor, and the Peasants, urban poor, and the

Bourgeoisie (Middle-Class).Bourgeoisie (Middle-Class). Paid taxes.Paid taxes. Had few rights or privileges.Had few rights or privileges.

Now can you guess who’s who & what the stone symbolizes?Now can you guess who’s who & what the stone symbolizes?

Economic CrisisEconomic Crisis King’s lavish spending and support King’s lavish spending and support

for the American Revolution for the American Revolution indebted France.indebted France.

Crop failure in 1788-89 caused a Crop failure in 1788-89 caused a bread shortage.bread shortage.

Privileged classes refused to pay taxes.Privileged classes refused to pay taxes.

Estates GeneralEstates General French LegislatureFrench Legislature 1 vote per Estate1 vote per Estate

– Who wouldn’t be happy Who wouldn’t be happy about this?about this?

Tennis Court Oath: 3Tennis Court Oath: 3rdrd Estate reps. reject the Estate reps. reject the Estates-General and Estates-General and vow to write a vow to write a constitution.constitution.

Call to Arms 1789Call to Arms 1789 July 14July 14thth, Angry mob attacks a , Angry mob attacks a

Paris prison called the Bastille.Paris prison called the Bastille. Peasants in the countryside Peasants in the countryside

destroy feudal records.destroy feudal records.

King Louis XVI: “Is it a revolt?”King Louis XVI: “Is it a revolt?”

Answer: “No, sire. It is a revolution.”Answer: “No, sire. It is a revolution.”

No Homework!No Homework!

The French RevolutionThe French RevolutionPart 2: The Revolution in PowerPart 2: The Revolution in Power

BIG Idea: Revolutionary leaders BIG Idea: Revolutionary leaders struggle at home and abroad struggle at home and abroad while attempting to create an while attempting to create an enlightened society.enlightened society.

Women’s March to Versailles for bread and Women’s March to Versailles for bread and Marie Antoinette's head.Marie Antoinette's head.

Return to Paris with the royal family as Return to Paris with the royal family as captives.captives.

Constitutional Gov’t 1791Constitutional Gov’t 1791

Ended Feudalism.Ended Feudalism. RepublicRepublic: You know what this means.: You know what this means.

– Killed King Louis XVI in 1792.Killed King Louis XVI in 1792. ““Declaration of Rights of Man & Declaration of Rights of Man &

Citizen”Citizen”– Enlightenment-influencedEnlightenment-influenced– Equality for menEquality for men– Free SpeechFree Speech

War AbroadWar Abroad

European European monarchs monarchs viewed the viewed the revolution as a revolution as a threat to their threat to their authority.authority.– Led to war in Led to war in

17921792– How was it a How was it a

threat?threat?How does this image portray the revolutionaries?

War at HomeWar at Home M. Robespierre: M. Robespierre:

revolutionary leader who revolutionary leader who followed Rousseau’s followed Rousseau’s “general will” theory.“general will” theory.– Feared opposition to Feared opposition to

revolution at home.revolution at home. Reign of Reign of TerrorTerror 1793-94 1793-94

– 40,000 beheaded on the 40,000 beheaded on the guillotineguillotine..

– Enlightened executionsEnlightened executions

Revolutions often eat their own.Revolutions often eat their own.

Robespierre Robespierre executed.executed.

Revolution Revolution went more went more moderate moderate and and Bourgeois.Bourgeois.

Assignment: Comparing Revolutionary Assignment: Comparing Revolutionary DocumentsDocuments

ELT: Give examples of how philosophical beliefs ELT: Give examples of how philosophical beliefs influenced societyinfluenced society

Compare documents from the American and French Compare documents from the American and French revolutions to find Enlightenment ideas.revolutions to find Enlightenment ideas.

Works CitedWorks CitedA contemporary cartoon showing a peasant crushed by the levies A contemporary cartoon showing a peasant crushed by the levies

which the monarchywhich the monarchy. Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. . Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. 2009. <http://www.bendigoschools.vic.edu.au/web/reflector/webbase<http://www.bendigoschools.vic.edu.au/web/reflector/webbased%20activities/socialclasses.htm>.d%20activities/socialclasses.htm>.

Cruikshank, George. Cruikshank, George. The Radical's ArmsThe Radical's Arms. 1819. Private collection. . 1819. Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. <http://www.brh.org.uk/heads2008/spectre.html>.<http://www.brh.org.uk/heads2008/spectre.html>.

Farah, Mounir A., and Andrea B. Karls. Farah, Mounir A., and Andrea B. Karls. World History The Human World History The Human ExperienceExperience. New York: Glencoe/McGraw Hill, 1999. 558-83. . New York: Glencoe/McGraw Hill, 1999. 558-83. Print.Print.

French guillotine blade falls and executes personFrench guillotine blade falls and executes person . Private . Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. <http://www.animationplayhouse.com/new/fall1.html>.<http://www.animationplayhouse.com/new/fall1.html>.

GiljotinaGiljotina. Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. . Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. <http://www.city4angels.com/4um/posting.php?<http://www.city4angels.com/4um/posting.php?mode=smilies&sid=da5403f21d815c3260a349dbaf6dd547>.mode=smilies&sid=da5403f21d815c3260a349dbaf6dd547>.

Guillotine AnimationGuillotine Animation. Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009.. Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009.Guillotine Head Cut OffGuillotine Head Cut Off. Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. . Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov.

2009. <http://www.stewwebb.com/guillotine_head_cut_off.gif>.2009. <http://www.stewwebb.com/guillotine_head_cut_off.gif>.

Houel , Jean-Pierre L. Houel , Jean-Pierre L. Prise de la BastillePrise de la Bastille. 1789. Bibliothèque . 1789. Bibliothèque Nationale Française. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009.Nationale Française. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009.

Man With Empty PocketsMan With Empty Pockets. Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. . Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. 2009. <http://www.allfunnypictures.com/pages/images/man_with_e<http://www.allfunnypictures.com/pages/images/man_with_empty_pockets_md_wht.gif>.mpty_pockets_md_wht.gif>.

RobespierreRobespierre. Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. . Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. <http://faculty.nwacc.edu/abrown/WesternCiv/Articles.html>.<http://faculty.nwacc.edu/abrown/WesternCiv/Articles.html>.

The execution of RobespierreThe execution of Robespierre. Private collection. Web. Web. 24 . Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. Nov. 2009. <http://totheroots.wordpress.com/2009/07/01/marc-bloch-the-<http://totheroots.wordpress.com/2009/07/01/marc-bloch-the-historians-craft-part-5/>.historians-craft-part-5/>.

They Eat Their OwnThey Eat Their Own. Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. . Private collection. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. <http://www.masterpiecepumpkins.com/precarvedpumpkins.h<http://www.masterpiecepumpkins.com/precarvedpumpkins.html>.tml>.

Tussaud, Marie. Tussaud, Marie. Tussaud's Famous Death MasksTussaud's Famous Death Masks. Madame . Madame Tussaud's, London. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. Tussaud's, London. Web. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. <http://www.flickr.com/photos/sarcasmo/87931474/>.<http://www.flickr.com/photos/sarcasmo/87931474/>.

Women's March on VersaillesWomen's March on Versailles. Private collection. Web. Web. 23 . Private collection. Web. Web. 23 Nov. 2009. Nov. 2009. <http://www.historywiz.com/images/frenchrevolution/womens<http://www.historywiz.com/images/frenchrevolution/womensmarch1.jpg>. march1.jpg>.