“When wire-less meets Internet”: options and

trendsof embedded internet

dr. J.J. LukkienEindhoven Embedded Systems Institute

Eindhoven University of Technology

ir. M.F.A. Mandersir. P.J.F. Peters

prof.dr.ir. L.M.G. Feijs

Overview Examples Enablers, technology Options (opportunities) of embedded internet Complications (Trends) Conclusion

DVD player (Philips Research)

Bug fixing New version of

software

Feeding the fish...

Monitor Control

Using a regular camera Take pictures Extract and change film Bring film to shop for development Pick up developed material Repeatedly:

View pictures [may require projector/TV] Archive the pictures Take pictures out of archive

Take pictures Extract and change storage medium Load pictures into larger archive Repeatedly:

Take pictures out of archive View pictures [requires computer/TV] Archive the pictures

Internet

Using a digital camera

Recent developments

Bluetooth wire-less, short-range (+/- 10m) connects groups of at most 8 devices acts as a digital link (transports bits)

GPRS wire-less, long-range as GSM connects directly to the internet acts as a packet link (transports IP packets or X.25)

Take pictures Extract and change storage medium Load pictures into larger archive Repeatedly:

Take pictures out of archive View pictures [requires computer/TV] Archive the pictures

Internet

Using a digital camera

bluetoothGPRS

Requirements Solving the “last-meter problem”:

standardization: fire-wire, usb, ethernet, LON, bluetooth, hiperlan, dect, GPRS automatic wire-less connection: bluetooth, dect?, hiperlan or long distance:

GPRS

Standardization of information transportprotocol: IP, IP, IP

Embedded system:camera,aquariumelectric applianceTV set

Internet

Terminal (wall outlet, PC)

IP

TechnologyHardware Evolution: wire for long distance, wire-less for short distance Need to reconcile different interfaces: “gateway”

Software As soon as it speaks IP, it can communicate with the rest of the world and benefit from existing

internet technology(IP - TCP/UDP - FTP - HTML - JAVA)

Options of embedded internet

Telemonitoring and control

Software download

Intelligent behaviour

Option: telemonitoring en control On-off control for energy and emergency Adjustment of process-control parameters Status monitoring and data collection

billing statistics quality control production data fleet management remote diagnostics back-up and recovery planning of maintenance

Different value for user/ownerand manufacturer/retailer

Monitoring quality of water(Turnkiek)

Option: software download Bug fixing Customisation Product family architecting Software component marketing Selling new features in software Incremental delivery of software

perhaps: platform independent code uploads: platform independent GUI general: follow Internet developments XML, Java, VRML, facial and voice-based user-interfaces, etc.

Different value for owner and manufacturer

Platform independent:

Embedded systemRemote user

Request connection

Program code

…embedded Java, GUI classes, browsers

Code Graphical user interface

Option: intelligent behaviour Using data resources on the web

customer behaviour analysis competitor behaviour analysis environmental data

raw material costs traffic predictions weather predictions

Connecting to other embedded systems warehousing just-in-time delivery caching and sharing of large data sets enhance “user experience”

Complications Security

Feature interaction

Performance

“intervention”

on!

off!

Complication: security Data confidentiality Access control and authentication User-friendliness of key handling Keeping pace with hackers and crackers Respecting national +international regulations Keeping pace with trends and standardisation DES, RSA, PGP, AES, firewalls, etc.

“intervention”

Complication: feature interaction

many new possibilities and options several access levels for users multiple simultaneous users distribution

on!

off!

Complication: performance robustness and locality of control loops

in principle, IP does not guarantee (timely) delivery of packets critical control loops only across “owned” lines

speed +predictability of high-level languages size and costs of processor(s) locking and transaction management

future of embedded internet embedded web servers real life applications embedded XML/HTML application development embedded web hardware embedded Java achieving web security embedded web databases

Trends at the 1999 San JoseEmbedded Internet Workshop

post PC era, smart devices more devices on the Internet than people by 2003 average # microprocessors in a home rises from 63 to 250 low cost wireless connectivity will be a driving enabler niche vertical players may be the initial adopters for new technology

such as Java

Trend: it is predicted that embedded Internet will happen

Automatiseringsgids, 15-9-2000

Trend: embedded server considered a key component

Allegro RomPager 50K ROM + 10K Ram for typical system runs on RTOS, OS-9, VxWorks, QNX

RapidControl BackplaneTM kind of data-dictionary that mediates access to embedded data support for Telnet, HTTP, XML, set/get from remote Java

PicoWebTM server 25$ PCB + 16K I2C EEPROM various IO ports support for CGI, HTML, JPEG

Platform independent:

Embedded systemRemote user

Request connection

Program code

…embedded Java, GUI classes, browsers

Code Graphical user interface

Trend: claiming the world’s smallest web server

Internet Tuner(R) by iReady 1.5’’ x 1.375’’ Seiko S7600 chip does TCP, IP, UDP, 50K PIC processor at 7.3 Mhz Web server in 200 bytes HTML page in 400 bytes

Trend: many new companies Automata International Marketing, National Instruments, Lightner Engineering, Concur System Technologies, PC Soft International, Enikia, Intrinsyc, Object Technology, Inc., US Software Corp., Insignia Solutions, IP Solutions Corp.,

Norscan, iReady Corp., Microware Systems Corp., Certicon Corp., emWare Inc., Oracle Corp, Sybase, Circuit Cellar.

Trend: following the developments of Sun, Microsoft and Netscape

high interest in lightweight Java versions interest in Jini and DCOM interest in SSL

final observation: the embedded systems will not be stand-alone, but need server support because of resource constraints and for software download

Conclusion Developments are already going fast but... When short-range wire-less connections become widely available, it will go

really fast Wire will remain in use for wide-band, long-distance information transport Use standards, especially in software IP should go into the embedded system