whi- sol review unit 1 unit 1: sols 2-4 early man & river valley civilizations
TRANSCRIPT
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WHI- SOL ReviewUnit 1
Unit 1: SOLs 2-4Early Man & River Valley Civilizations
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Early Man (SOL 2)
Homo-sapiens (a.k.a. Humans)– 100,000 to 400,000 years ago they left Africa– Moved to Eurasia, Australia, & the Americas– Early humans dependent on availability of wild
plants & animals
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Early Man (SOL 2)…
• Describe Paleolithic societies:– Nomadic, used basic tools (including weapons),
fire, small clans, oral language, cave art• Why were they nomadic?– Followed their food (animals)
• How did making fire help them?– Cook food, move to colder environments, heat,
etc…..
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Early Man (SOL 2)…
• Neolithic Age-Agriculture (“Farming”), Domesticated plants & animals, advanced tools, pottery, weaving skills
• What was the pottery & weaving used for?– To make baskets & containers for food & storage.
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Early Man (SOL 2)…
• Archaeologists: What do they do?– Have an archaeological dig: dig slowly & carefully,
section by section. Further down you dig the older it is.
– Examine the artifacts & fossils (Carbon-dating)– Make educated guesses as to the use of those
artifacts & fossils for early man.
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Stonehenge
• Archeological site in England. Started in Neolithic Age, finished in the Bronze Age.
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Aleppo & Jericho
• Cities in the Fertile Crescent under excavation by archaeologists.
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Catalhoyuk
• Currently under excavation in Anatolia
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Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)
• New Stone Age settlements occurred along river valleys & the Fertile Crescent.
• Why settle along river valleys?– Irrigation water– Rich soil– Protection from invasion
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Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)…
• Fertile Crescent• Society: slavery, Dynasties, social classes• Laws: 10 Commandments, Hammurabi’s Code• Economy: Trade• Polytheistic v. Monotheistic• Hebrews: Judaism, Jordon River
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Religions
• Judaism:– Abraham– Moses & the 10
Commandments– Torah– Monotheistic– Hebrews/ Jews– Hebrew language
• Christianity– Jesus
• Savior & Son of God
– Based off of Judaism• Old Testament
– Monotheistic– Life after Death: Heaven
or Hell– Bible: Old & New
Testaments
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Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)…
• Mesopotamia:– Tigris & Euphrates– Part of Fertile Crescent– Cuneiform– Polytheistic– Babylon:
• Hammurabi’s Code
• Egypt:– Nile River (Africa)– Pharaoh– Hieroglyphics– Pyramids– Polytheistic
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Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)…
• China:– Huang He (Yellow)– Silk Roads– Great Wall (Qin Shi Huangdi)– Contributions: Silk, Paper, Porcelain, Gunpowder,
Fireworks, Civil Service System, Compass– Dynasties: Mandate of Heaven– Confucianism & Tao/Daoism
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Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)…
• India:– Indus & Ganges– Hindu-Kush, Himalayas, Indian Ocean– Aryans– Hinduism– Buddhism: Asoka & his missionaries– Gupta Dynasty: Golden Age, Math, Textiles
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Religions…
• Hinduism:– Reincarnation– Karma– Vedas & Upanishads– Monotheistic
• Many forms of 1 God
– Caste System– Moksha
• Buddhism:– Reincarnation– Karma– Four Noble Truths– Eightfold Path to
Enlightenment – Siddhartha Gautama– Not really a God/
Monotheistic– Nirvana
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Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)…
• Persia:– Tolerant– Imperial Bureaucracy– Road System– Zoroastrianism
• Kush/ Nubians: – Located south of Egypt
on the upper Nile. Traded.
• Phoenicians:– Colonies all along
Mediterranean (Tyre)– Alphabet
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“Need to Know”
Review of key people & terms inSOLs 2-4
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People you need to Know
• Hammurabi– King of Babylon
(Mesopotamia)– Hammurabi’s Code
• Eye for an eye
• Abraham– Founder of Judaism
• Moses– Exodus
• Free Jews from Egypt
– 10 Commandments
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People…
• Siddhartha Gautama– Founder of Buddhism– Buddha
• Asoka– Emperor who hired
missionaries to spread Buddhism
• Qin Shi Huangdi– Chinese Emperor– Built the Great Wall
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Dates to Know
• 100,000 – 400,000 yrs ago = Homo Sapiens emerged in Africa
• 3500 – 500 BC = River valley civilizations emerged
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Time Periods to Know
• Paleolithic Era = Old Stone Age• Neolithic Era = New Stone Age• Bronze Age (when Stonehenge was finished)• River Valley Civilizations• Golden Age of Indian culture (Gupta)
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Empires, Dynasties & Kingdoms to Know
• India– Mauryan• Asoka
– Gupta (Golden Age)• China– Qin
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Religions to Know
• Judaism• Christianity• Zoroastrianism• Hinduism• Buddhism• Confucianism• Taoism
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Conflicts to Know
• Aryans came down through Hindu-Kush mountains & invaded India
• Mongols tried to invade China– Great Wall
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Writings & Art to Know
• Torah • Code of Hammurabi• Ten Commandments• Vedas & Upanishads• Four Noble Truths• Eightfold Path to Enlightenment
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Civilizations to Know
• Hunter-Gatherers (Paleolithic)• Neolithic societies• River Valley:– Egypt– Mesopotamia– China– India– Hebrews– Phoenicians– Nubia
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Question time!Let’s see how you do.
Questions based off of SOLs 2-4
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Why was Paleolithic man nomadic?A. To follow his foodB. To farmC. For a change of scenery
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Why did early man develop fire? A. To cook his food B. To be able to
move to a colder place C. To adapt to the
world around him
D. All of the above
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Why did the Neolithic man develop pottery & weaving skills? A. So they could have
something to trade B. So they could have
something pretty to look at
C. To store food for future use
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- Conduct a dig- Use carbon dating to analyze artifacts- State your analysis of what you think the objects
were used for.
Whose job is described above?A. EndocrinologistsB. ArchaeologistC. PaleontologistD. Zoologists
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What’s happening here?A. Moses is receiving the 10
CommandmentsB. Abraham is
receiving the 10 Commandments
C. Moses is receiving the 12
TablesD. Noah is receiving
a vision about the Flood
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Which civilization is described above?A. MesopotamiaB. EgyptC. ChinaD. Hebrew
?????
Hammurabi’s Code Polytheistic,
Ziggurats
Cuneiform
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This writing system was used by which civilization?
A. ChinaB. MesopotamiaC. IndiaD. Egypt
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-Ruled by a line of dynasties -The mandate of heaven- Centered along the Yellow River
Which civilization is described above?A. Ancient EgyptB. Ancient IndiaC. Ancient ChinaD. Ancient Mesopotamia
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In Confucianism & Taoism this symbol represents:
A. GodB. The WorldC. OppositesD. Divinity
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- Influenced by the Aryans- Practice Hinduism- Use a caste system
This is a description of which civilization?A. Ancient IndiaB. Ancient ChinaC. Ancient EgyptD. Ancient Japan
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Who was responsible for spreading Buddhism?
A. ScribesB. SerfsC. MissionariesD. Aryans
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Which religious leader believed in the Four Noble Truths?
A. MohammadB. SiddharthaC. JesusD. Abraham
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What religion believes in reincarnation & karma?
A. ShintoismB. HinduismC. ChristianityD. Judaism
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-Tolerant of people they conquered- Developed an imperial bureaucracy- Had an effective road system- Practiced Zoroastrianism
Which civilization is described by the following?A. IncanB. HebrewC. PhoenicianD. Persian
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Whose colonies are shown on this map?A. RomanB. HebrewC. PhoenicianD. Persian