who owns snow white? copyright issues for youth librarians alsc ala annual orlando june 28 th, 2004...
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Who Owns Snow White? Copyright Issues for Youth Librarians
ALSC ALA Annual Orlando
June 28th, 2004Carrie Russell, Copyright Specialist
ALA Office for Information Technology Policy
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Review of Copyright LawPurpose: to benefit the public by advancing the progress of science and the useful artsNot a natural right Limited, statutory monopolyExclusive rightsExemptions for users <fair use, making copies, classroom use, etc.>Public domain
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Exclusive Rights
Right to reproduce copiesRight to distribute copiesRight to display a copy publiclyRight to perform a copy publiclyRight to create a derivative work based on the original
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Fair UseCopyright can be infringed because strict application of the law is unfair and stifles creativity.Fair Use is based on years of judicial decisions (case law).Fair Use is codified in Section 107 of the copyright law.Fair Use is a defense in an infringement case, but it is also a user right.
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Furthermore…Fair Use is an unauthorized, but lawful, use of a copyright.You don’t have to pay a fee or ask permission if your use is a fair use.Fair use is supposed to be “technologically neutral.”Fair use cannot be quantified or “set in stone.”
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What do you care about?
Preventing infringement? Fear of liability? Teaching others about copyright? Knowing what you can do lawfully? Finding out who got sued and why? None of the above?
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Public Performances Showing a video or DVD in the classroom for curriculum purposes? Yes, if copy is lawfully made or acquired OK if video is rented from a video store OK if you show it more than once OK if you show it every year OK if it is a feature film if curriculum-related Not generally OK if you make copies or
distribute beyond the classroom
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Public Performances
Showing a video or DVD in the classroom for entertainment? In general, you need a public
performance license How? From distributor, during
purchase, from a licensing agency (i.e. Movie Licensing USA)
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Public Performances
Showing a video or DVD in the public library? In general, you need a public performance
license Maybe OK if performance is “private” Narrowly interpreted in court cases There may be situations when the public
performance is a fair use Mere reception in a public place, brief
glimpses of a public performance – not a problem
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So you want to give a presentation?
What do you want to use and why? Consider presentation objective Could you do it a different way? Alternatives to full scale copying
Presentations at conferences not the equivalent of non-profit, educational use, but…Good argument for fair use
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Creating a Web SiteIs it necessary to include copyright protected material?Are you creating original content? Your own copyright statementIn general, a series of fair use decisionsWho will see it?How long will it be there?
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MarketingBook displays Owned copies Limited in place Widely accepted
Book covers on library Web sites Making copies Wide distribution Could be highly creative work Who holds the copyright? Should you seek permission?
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Marketing
ALA Read Posters Making your own versions Does ALA own the “read” idea?
Modifying protected works Brochures with copyright materialBook sales Gifts Videos Computer software
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Story TimeIs it a public performance? A place open to the public Any place where a substantial # of people
are gathered
In the library Traditional Accepted behavior Educational objective, not for profit, library
has lawfully owned copy Don’t worry about it!
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Story Time
Over the phone? “Dial a story” services Not a public performance
One must “transmit” performance to the public at a public place
Or “transmit” to a substantial number of persons
Same (public?) place or in separate (public?) places; same time or at different times
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Story Time
On the cable channel More public Who receives the program? Educational, not for profit, public access
channel?
Recorded on video Now you’re making a reproduction What are you going to do with the copies?
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Five Copyright Rules for ALSC Librarians
You have the opportunity to teach othersThere are no definitive answers (sorry)Fair use is your friendStep back, relax, count to tenThe correct approach is the balanced approach, combined with your unique responsibility to protect user interests
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Contact me!
Carrie Russell, ALA Copyright Specialist
(I’m in Washington, DC)[email protected]
800.941.8478***Buy the book! Complete Copyright: An
Everyday Guide for Librarians