Who tells the story of prehistory? Archeologists Artifacts Skeletal Remains Anthropologists When in Time?? BC BCE AD CE Before Christ Before the Common Era Anno Domini Year of Our Lord Common Era Roman Numerals I=1 V=5 X=10 L=50 C=100 D=500 M=1000 If the number is 1, 10, 100, etc. less than the next Roman numeral then you subtract by placing a 1, 10 or 100 before the next numeral EX. 9=IX 19=XIX 90=XC Typically they move seasonally to optimize different sources of food. Pastoral Societies The herding of domesticated or partially domesticated animals. Agriculture Sedentary Basis for civilization Agriculture changes the way man lived-- New opportunities Permanent dwelling Toolkit expands Specialization of labor Wealth takes on a new meaning Problems and challenges Dependency on a few plants rather than the variety from hunting/gathering Vulnerability to weather Dependent on harvest times Intense physical labor Dense population Infectious diseases Immunities develop over time What do you do with the waste?? Technology Changes Animal power Harvesting and Processing Grains The wheel may have been invented for pottery not for transportation Erosion Emergence of Elites