why we need spintronics for the era of ai and iot? · 18/07/2018 · why we need spintronics for...
TRANSCRIPT
Why we need spintronics for the era of
AI and IoT?
Hideo OhnoTohoku University
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Sendai, home of Tohoku University
Tokyo
Population 1,088,593
[City of Sendai]
As of September 2018
Tohoku University is located in Sendai, the largest city in the Tohoku region, well known as an Academic City.
By bullet train 350 kmfrom Tokyo 1.31 hSendai Airport 20 min
Tohoku region(North East region of Japan)
Sendai
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Tohoku University“Research First,” “Open Door,” and “Practice Oriented Research and Education”
3rd National University in Japan, founded 1907 One of the first three Designated National University in 2017
“Sendai is a city most suited for research,and Tohoku University is a force to be reckoned with.” - A. Einstein, 1922
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5G, AI, Big Data, and IoT
https://blog.global.fujitsu.com/jp/2017-12-21/01/ https://amater.as/article/2018/05/18/ai_venture-10/
http://www.bigdata.uni-frankfurt.de/https://www.aapnainfotech.com/iot-beginners-perspective/
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Energy Consumption & Carbon Footprint of the IT Sector
Wednesday, July 18, 2018
Internet-connected devices produce 3.5% ofglobal emissions within 10 years and 14% by2040. (Source: Climate Home News)
Communications industry responsible for 20% ofall the world’s electricity in 2025. (Source: The Guardian)
Data centers consume 1/5 of Earth’s power in2025. (Source: Data Economy).
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IoT 6
Processing
► Trillion sensors: processed data for upload►Maintenance free: energy efficient► IoT devices have to be
• small = material efficient• smart & secure = information processing • energy efficient = low power/standby
power free
IoT by energy harvesting: Battery-free - Is it possible?
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▌Energy Harvesting 300 µW: Solar cell with room light 100 µW: Vibration
▌Intermittent Sensing 10×10 sec-sensing a day
▌Distribution of Power 200 µW
• Sensing: 20 μW• RF: 80 μW• Microcontroller: 100 μW
200 µW
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
0 100 200
Ultralow energy consumption processor
Energy harvesting supply power
Simple terminal control
Digital signal processing of sensor signals
Trend analysis
Recognition and
authentication
Processing Performance [MHz]
Pow
er C
onsu
mpt
ion
[μW
]
(Source):Renesas
Nikkei, Feb. 19, 2019
Spintronics processor
M. Natsui et al., ISSCC 2019.
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Breakdown of Power Consumption in a Data Center
32%
17%
44%
7%
Overall IT
Cooling system
Power supply
Power distribution
Portion of processor15%
Possible reduction
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MTJ/CMOS Nonvolatile VLSIs10
0.98
mm
1.44mm3.39mm
2.05
mm3.1m
m
3.5mm
1
Pow
er C
onsu
mpt
ion
-99%
CMOS-based Spintronics0.01
1-97%
0.03
※in case of used for full text search system ※ in case of implementation to a typical application
x 11.7x ≦
129
11.5
164x 1
2x ≦1
321 164
x 1x ≦1
1001 164
(area)(power)(delay)
1-97%
0.03
※in case of typical cash operation
Non-volatile VLSIs for search engine for big data
Non-volatile field programmable gate array (FPGA)
Non-volatile cash memoryembedded in high speed CPU
NV-TCAM NV-FPGA STT-MRAM NV-MPU
4.79mm
4.79
mm
1-98%
0.02
x 1x ≦1
801 164
Non-volatile microcontroller forbattery-driven sensor device
※in case of use in a wireless sensor device
Pow
er C
onsu
mpt
ion
Pow
er C
onsu
mpt
ion
Pow
er C
onsu
mpt
ion
CMOS-based Spintronics
(area)(power)(delay)
CMOS-based Spintronics
(area)(power)(delay)
CMOS-based Spintronics
(area)(power)(delay)
2013 Symposium. On VLSI Circuits 2013 IEICE Electronics Express 2014 IEEE ISSCC2012 Symposium. On VLSI Circuits
Prototype on 300 mm by Tohoku University
Autonomous Driving 11
https://dzone.com/articles/nvidia-introduces-computer-for-level-5-autonomous
Associative processor includes 12 core unit processor.
Process 90nm-CMOS/70nm-MTJ
Core Size 0.3mm x 0.9mmFrequency 20 MHzSupply Voltage 0.9 VAverage OperationPower
600 μW(30μW/MHz)
Throughput (cycles/vector) 16
AI Processor with CMOS/MTJ (Spintronics Device) Hybrid Technology
Y. Ma et al. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 55 04EF15 (2016).
Tensor Processing Unit(TPU)@Google Process: 28 nm CMOS Frequency: 700 MHz Operation Power: 28~40W
(40~57mW/MHz)
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DRAM: dense
SRAM: fast
Current Working Memories
Both are volatile
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http://archive.doobybrain.com/2013/09/03/office-building-lights-night/
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Nonvolatile memories 15
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https://edition.cnn.com/2012/03/31/world/asia/earth-hour-preview/index.html
S. Ikeda et al., Nature Mat. 9, 721 (2010)
Key high performance nonvolatile memory element by spintronics:Perpendicular MgO-CoFeB Magnetic Tunnel Junction
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Interface!
Magnetic Tunnel Junction- bulk versus interface -
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CoFeB (interface)FePt (bulk)
Materials Efficiency (Cost of material)
10 :1
Recycling at the level of manufacturing tool: efficiency
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http://www.tel.co.jp/news/2014/1201_001.htm
300 mm wafer
~3%
Target
MTJ Product
97% left in the chamber
MTJ Material
5G, AI, Big Data, and IoT
Cache Memory
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