英语口语等级考试三级考试大纲（修订版）来源：湖北省教育考试院　日期：2017-9-25

      湖北省英语口语等级考试（Spoken English Testing System / SETS）（三级），自 2004年实施以来得到了广大考生和社会的普遍认可与赞同。但是，随着时间的推移以及考生英语口语能力的提高，一些深层次的问题，如评价的精细化、计算机辅助测试等问题逐渐显现出来。现在对湖北省英语口语考试大纲第三级的修订，就是为了解决这些问题进行的一次有意义的尝试和努力。 

      一、水平描述       本级别要求考生掌握 2400左右的词汇，能在一般性交谈中比较清楚地发表意见，表明态度，作出判断等；能使用常见的会话技巧，能通过提问和应答来了解和传递所需信息；能就一般话题作约 2分钟的连续表达；其能力相当于我国全日制高级中学毕业的英语口语水平。 

      二、考试目标       通过本级别所规定的考试方式检验考生是否具有本级别所描述的英语口语水平。 

      三、考试内容       考试内容主要包括本级别话题所涉及的词汇、交际项目、会话技巧等。       （1）话题：参见《附录一：英语口语等级考试话题项目表》中相应级别的话题；      （2）交际项目：参见《附录二：英语口语等级考试交际项目表》中相应级别的功能与意念；      （3）会话技巧：参见《附录三：英语口语等级考试会话技巧项目表》中相应级别的会话技巧；      （4）词汇：参见《附录四：英语口语等级考试 1－6级词汇表》中相应级别的词汇。 

      四、考试方式       本级考试形式为计算机辅助考试，每位考生使用一台计算机。考试时间约 20分钟。考试分为四节：第一节为“短文朗读”，要求考生朗读计算机屏幕上显示的英语短文，其中准备时间为 1分钟，朗读的录音时间为 1分半钟；第二节为“情景提

问”，要求考生根据计算机的提示（如语音、文字、图片、图表、录像等）进行提问，提问的录音时间约 1分半钟；第三节为“情景应答”，要求考生根据计算机的提示（如语音、文字、图片、图表、录像等）对计算机所提出的问题进行回答，回答问题的录音时间约 1分半钟；第四节为“连续表达”，要求考生根据计算机的提示（如语音、文字、图片、图表、录像等）进行口头的连续表达，其中准备时间为 1分钟，连续表达的录音时间为 2分钟。　      五、分数分布       本级考试采用分题、分项评分的方法进行评分。除了按上述 4个环节分为 4大题外，各大题还按所涉能力不同，从语音语调、语法词汇、流利程度、交际能力等 4各方面进行评价，具体如下：

　 短文朗读 情景提问 情景应答 连续表达 共计各大题总分 20 20 20 40 100

　语音语调 12 5 5 10 32

语法词汇 - 10 10 12 32

流利程度 8 5 5 8 26

交际能力 - - - 10 10

      六、评分标准       下面分项介绍其评分标准：       （一）“短文朗读”的评分标准　

   

语音语调 (权重 0.6)

流利程度(权重 0.4)  

优秀（17-20）

在规定的时间内朗读完全文；发音标准，重音准确，语音清晰，断句恰当，语调正确；无误读，增音、吞音、重音错位等现象很少。

表达流利、自然，语句连贯，语速适中，节奏明快；无语流中断，停顿和反复现象很

少。

良好（15-16）

在规定的时间内朗读完全文；发音标准，重音准确，语音清晰；断句恰当，语调正确；有少量误读、增音、吞音、重音错位等现象。

表达比较流利、自然，语句较连贯，语速比较适中；语流中断、停顿和反复现象较少。

合格（12-14）

在规定的时间内朗读完全文的 80%以上；发音基本标准，轻重音分明，语音勉强可辨；语调基本正确；误读、增音、吞音、重音错位等现象十分普遍。

表达基本流利、自然，语句基本连贯，语速偏慢或偏快，经常出现语流中断、停顿和反复现象。

不合格（0-11）

在规定的时间内朗读完全文的 80%以下；发音不标准、含混不清；语调不正确；误读、增音、吞音、重音错位等现象非常普遍。

表达不流利、不自然，语句不连贯，语速过慢或过快，有频繁的语流中断、停顿和反复现象。

　      （二）“情景提问”的评分标准　

   

语音语调 (权重：0.25)

语法词汇(权重：0.50)

流利程度与交际能力(权重：0.25)

优秀（17-20）

在规定的时间内按要求作出了全部 5个相关提问；发音标准、清晰；语调正确、自然。

能正确使用相关词汇和句子结构；词语搭配准确，形态变化无误，句型及转换规则使用正确。

应答迅速，表达流利、自然，语句连贯，语速适中，无语流中断和停顿现象，基本上无语用失误，无夹带中文现象。

良好（15-16）

在规定的时间内按要求作出了至少 4个相关提问；发音比较标准；语调正确

基本上能正确使用相关词汇和句子结构；词语搭配基本准确，形态变化失误较少，句型及转换规则使用基本正确。

应答比较迅速，表达比较流利、自然，语句较连贯，语速比较适中，语流中断和停顿现象较少，表达过程中语用失误较少，无夹带中文现象。

合格（12-14）

在规定的时间内按要求作出了 3个相关提问；发音基本标准；语调基本正确

具备正确使用相关词汇和句子结构的潜能；词语搭配不够准确但能表意，形态变化失误较多，句型及转换规则使用有明显错误错误。

应答不够迅速，表达不够流利、自然，语速偏慢或偏快，但语句基本连贯，无频繁的语流中断和停顿现象，表达过程中无重大的语用失误，偶尔夹带中文现象。

不合格（0-11）

在规定的时间内作出了2个以下相关提问；发音不标准；语调不正确

缺乏使用相关词汇和句子结构的能力；词语搭配不准，缺少形态变化或错误很多，句型及转换规则使用混乱，错误很多。

应答非常迟钝或没有应答，表达不流利、不自然，语句不连贯，语速过慢或过快，有频繁的语流中断和停顿现象，表达过程中有重大的语用失误，或夹带大量中文现象。

      （三）“情景应答”的评分标准说明

项目语音语调 

(权重：0.25)语法词汇

(权重：0.5)流利程度与交际能力

(权重：0.25)

等级 

优秀（17-20）

在规定的时间内按要求回答了全部 5个相关提问；发音标准、清晰；语调正确、自然。

能正确使用相关词汇和句子结构；词语搭配准确，形态变化无误，句型及转换规则使用正确。

应答迅速，表达流利、自然，语句连贯，语速适中，无语流中断和停顿，基本上无语用失误，无夹带中文现象。

良好（15-16）

在规定的时间内按要求回答了至少 4个相关提问；发音比较标准；语调正确

基本上能正确使用相关词汇和句子结构；词语搭配基本准确，形态变化失误较少，句型及转换规则使用基本正确。

应答比较迅速，表达比较流利、自然，语句较连贯，语速比较适中，语流中断和停顿较少，表达过程中语用失误较少，无夹带中文现象。

合格（12-14）

在规定的时间内按要求回答了至少 3相关提问；发音基本标准；语调基本正确

具备正确使用相关词汇和句子结构的潜能；词语搭配不够准确但能表意，形态变化失误较多，句型及转换规则使用有明显错误错误。

应答不够迅速，表达不够流利、自然，语速偏慢或偏快，但语句基本连贯，无频繁的语流中断和停顿，表达过程中无重大的语用失误，偶尔夹带中文现象。

不合格（0-11）

答非所问，或在规定的时间内按要求回答了 2

个以下相关提问；发音不标准；语调不正确。

缺乏使用相关词汇和句子结构的能力；词语搭配不准，缺少形态变化或错误很多，句型及转换规则使用混乱，错误很多。

应答非常迟钝或没有应答，表达不流利、不自然，语句不连贯，语速过慢或过快，有频繁的语流中断和停顿，表达过程中有重大的语用失误，夹带大量中文现象。

      （四） “连续表达”的评分标准   

语音语调 (权重:0.25)

语法词汇(权重:0.3)

流利程度(权重:0.2)

交际能力(权重:0.25)

优秀（34-40）

在规定的时间内完成了 150词左右的连续表达；发音标准、清晰；语调正确、自然。

能正确使用相关词汇和句子结构；词语搭配准确，形态变化无误，句型及转换规则使用正确。

表达流利、自然，语句连贯，语速适中，无语流中断和停顿。

能很好地完成题目所规定的交际任务，能正确使用会话技巧，表达过程中语法范畴运用恰当，基本上无语用失误，无夹带中文现象。

良好（30-33）

在规定的时间内完成了 120词左右的连续表达；发音比较标准；语调正确

基本上能正确使用相关词汇和句子结构；词语搭配基本准确，形态变化失误较少，句型及转换规则使用

表达比较流利、自然，语句较连贯，语速比较适中，语流中断和停顿较少。

能较好地完成题目所规定的交际任务，能较正确使用会话技巧，表达过程中语用失误较少，无夹带中文现象。

基本正确。

合格（24-29）

在规定的时间内完成了 90词左右的连续表达；发音基本标准；语调基本正确

具备正确使用相关词汇和句子结构的潜能；词语搭配不够准确但能表意，形态变化失误较多，句型及转换规则使用有明显错误错误。

表达不够流利、自然，语速偏慢或偏快，但语句基本连贯，无频繁的语流中断和停顿。

能基本完成题目所规定的交际任务，能基本正确使用会话技巧，表达过程中无重大的语用失误，偶尔夹带中文现象。

不合格（0-23）

表达内容与话题无关或在规定的时间内只完成了70词以下的连续表达；发音不标准；语调不正确。

缺乏使用相关词汇和句子结构的能力；词语搭配不准，缺少形态变化或错误很多，句型及转换规则使用混乱，错误很多。

表达不流利、不自然，语句不连贯，语速过慢或过快，有频繁的语流中断和停顿。

不能完成题目所规定的交际任务，不能正确使用会话技巧，表达过程中有重大的语用失误，夹带大量中文现象。

      七、样题       第一节：短文朗读       计算机语音和屏幕文字提示： In this section of the test, there will be a short passage on the screen. You will be given one minute to preview the text, and then one minute and a half to read it aloud.       Now, please begin your preview.      （屏幕上显示英语短文以及 1分钟准备时间进度条）      One day, Mrs. White discovered that her washing machine didn’t work, so she phoned a workshop. Three days later, a man from the shop came to see what was wrong with her washing machine. But Mrs. White was not glad and said, “Well, you’ve finally arrived! I called three days ago!” the man paid no attention to what she said. He simply took a piece of paper out of his pocket and looked at it. Then he said, “Three days ago? That was 21 s t, wasn’t it? Well, I’m sorry; I’ve come to the wrong place. I’m looking for Mrs. Smith’s home, not yours. She phoned me on the 20 th.”       计算机语音和屏幕文字提示：Now, please begin your reading aloud after you hear the signal.      （计算机给出提示信号后开始朗读，屏幕上显示 1分半钟录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：Time is up for this section.　      第二节：情景提问 

      计算机语音和屏幕文字提示： In this section of the test, you are to ask five questions according to the given situation. You have twenty seconds to ask each question.       You want to go swimming and you need some information. Ask a friend of yours to tell you. Use the information on the screen to help you ask the questions.       Now, please begin your asking after you hear the signal.       （屏幕上显示提问内容要点）　　1、游泳池的地点　　2、去的方式　　3、游泳池开放的时间　　4、票价　　5、需带的物品

      计算机语音提示：Question One      （计算机给出提示信号后开始提问，屏幕上显示 20 秒录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：Question Two      （计算机给出提示信号后开始提问，屏幕上显示 20 秒录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：Question Three      （计算机给出提示信号后开始提问，屏幕上显示 20 秒录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：Question Four      （计算机给出提示信号后开始提问，屏幕上显示 20 秒录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：Question Five      （计算机给出提示信号后开始提问，屏幕上显示 20 秒录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：Time is up for this section.　      第三节：情景应答       计算机语音和屏幕文字提示： In this section of the test, you are to answer five questions asked by the computer according to the given situation. You have fifteen seconds to answer each question.       Wang Ping is going to Li Na’s birthday party and he needs some information. Answer his questions. Use the information on the screen to help you answer the questions.       Now, please begin your answering after you hear the signal.       （屏幕上显示回答内容要点）　　1、李娜家　　2、星期六晚上八点左右开始　　3、唱歌，跳舞等　　4、同班同学及好友　　5、生日贺卡等

       计算机语音提示：Where will the birthday party be held?

      （计算机给出提示信号后开始回答，屏幕上显示 15 秒录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：When will the birthday party be held?      （计算机给出提示信号后开始回答，屏幕上显示 15 秒录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：What will people do at the party?      （计算机给出提示信号后开始回答，屏幕上显示 15 秒录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：Who will go to the party?      （计算机给出提示信号后开始回答，屏幕上显示 15 秒录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：What gift should I prepare?      （计算机给出提示信号后开始回答，屏幕上显示 15 秒录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：Time is up for this section.       第四节：连续表达       计算机语音和屏幕文字提示： In this section of the test, there will be a topic and some brief information about it on the screen. You are required to give a two-minute talk about it. You will be given one minute for the preparation.       Now, please begin your preparation.       （屏幕上显示话题信息以及 1分钟准备时间进度条）

　　Dragon Boat Festival

　　话题：端午节　　内容：端午节的时间、活动、意义等 　

      计算机语音和屏幕文字提示：Now, please begin your talk after you hear the signal.      （计算机给出提示信号后开始阐述，屏幕上显示 2分钟录音时间进度条）      计算机语音提示：Time is up for this section.      计算机语音和屏幕文字提示：That’s the end of the test. Thank you for your participation. Goodbye!   

      附录：点击此处下载      一、英语口语等级考试话题项目表      二、英语口语等级考试交际项目表      三、英语口语等级考试会话技巧项目表      四、英语口语等级考试 1－6级词汇表

附录一：英语口语等级考试话题项目表

说明：1、表中的“级别”指考试内容中次话题的适用级别。 2、表中的“例子”中的例子包括所标注级别范围中可能出现的内容。

3、本话题项目表参考了 2003年 12 月的全日制义务教育“英语课程标准”（修订稿）中的话题项目表。

序号No.

话题 topics 次话题 sub-topics

例子 examples 级别band

1 个人情况 Personal information

Individua1 data (1)

name, age, date of birth, place of birth, etc.

1-6

Individua1 data (2)

telephone number, address, postal code, e-mail address, etc.

2-6

Family data number of people, their names/ age, etc

1-6

Schoo1 data school, grade, class, teacher, etc. 1-6

Jobs and career

teacher, doctor, farmer, driver, official, etc.

2-6

Related information

education, experiences, hometown, etc.

3-6

2 家庭、朋友与周围的人 Family, friends and people around

Family and relatives

parents, brother, uncle, cousin, daughter, husband, etc.

1-6

Friends neighbor, c1assmate, roommate, etc.

2-6

Other peop1e neighbor, teacher, colleague, etc. 2-6

3 周围的环境Personal environments

Kinds of homes

apartment, house, dormitory, etc. 2-6

Rooms in homes

bedroom, kitchen, living-room, bathroom, etc.

1-6

Furniture and house items

table, chair, sofa, bed, television, etc.

1-6

Campus classroom, playground, hall, computer room, office, etc.

2-6

Outside (1)

grocery store, book store, supermarket, bank, library, museum, cinema, park, street, etc.

2-6

Outside (2) neighborhood, community, etc. 4-6 4 日常活动

Daily routines

Getting ready time for school, brushing teeth, taking a shower, etc.

1-6

Eating breakfast, lunch, snacks, dinner, etc.

1-6

Daily chores tidying, sweeping, doing dishes, cooking, etc.

2-6

Homework reading, writing, reviewing, etc. 1-6

Family time watching television, going out, visiting people and places, etc.

1-6

5 学校生活School life

School organization

grade, class, course, break, schedule, etc.

1-6

Subject-related activities

class lecture experiment, etc. 2-6

People teacher, classmate, schoolmate, etc.

1-6

Subjects Chinese, math, Eng1ish, geography, history, etc.

1-6

Extra-curricular activities

sports, parties, trips, etc. 2-6

Educational methods

preview, review, discussion, presentation, summary, etc.

2-6

Projects and assignments

teaching practice, thesis, research, etc.

4-6

Job-hunting resume, application, interview, etc.

4-6

6 兴趣与爱好 Interests and

Subjects music, arts, gongfu, etc. 1-6

Games physical games, computer games, ball games, etc.

1-6

hobbies Hobbies collecting stamps/ coins/ dolls, etc.

2-6

Reading books, newspapers, comics, etc. 2-6

Cultural events

film, concert, play, etc. 2-6

Entertainment listening to CD/MP3, watching TV /DVD, etc.

2-6

Socializing having parties, issuing invitations, making appointments, etc.

2-6

7 个人情感Personal emotions

Feelings happiness, sadness, anger, etc. 1-6 Emotions smiling, laughing, crying, etc. 2-6 Facial expressions and gestures

frowning, nodding, finger crossing, etc.

3-6

8 人际关系 Interpersonal relationships

People relationship with / among family members, friends, neighbors, etc.

2-6

Establishment and maintenance of relationship (1)

greeting, introducing, giving thanks, etc.

1-6

Establishment and maintenance of relationship (2)

so1ving problems, dea1ing with conflicts, etc.

4-6

9 计划与愿望 Plans and intentions

Plans holidays, social events, further education, career, etc.

2-6

Intentions asking for advice / help / permission, exploring possibilities, expressing needs and wants, etc.

2-6

10 节假日活动Festivals, holidays and celebrations

Festivals and holidays

Spring Festival, National Day, Christmas, summer vacation, etc.

2-6

Celebrations birthday, anniversary, graduation, etc.

2-6

11 购物Shopping

Plans shopping list, needs, wants, etc. 2-6 Goods clothes, groceries, electronics,

etc.1-6

Selection quality, size, color, style, etc. 2-6

Negotiation and bargain

price, discount, on sale, etc. 4-6

Payment cash, cheque, credit card, etc. 2-6 12 饮食 

Food and drink

Meats beef, chicken, pork, etc. 1-6 Soups chicken, tofu, vegetab1e, etc. 1-6 Fruits and vegetables

apple, cabbage, eggplant, etc. 1-6

Staple food rice, bread, noodles, etc. 1-6 Drinks juice, tea, coke, beer, wine, etc. 1-6 Fast food sandwiches, hamburgers, pizza,

etc. 1-6

Snacks ice cream, cookie, pancake, etc. 1-6 Ways of eating

times to eat, table manners, tableware (chopsticks, knife, fork), etc.

2-6

Ordering foods and drinks

menu, reservation, table, etc. 3-6

Comments on food and drinks

taste, smell, nutrition, etc. 3-6

13 健康Health

Eating habits vegetarian, skipping breakfast, etc.

2-6

Physical fitness and exercise

shaping, hiking, Taiji, etc. 3-6

Persona1 hygiene

washing, bathing, shaving, etc. 2-6

Illnesses stomachache, headache, flu, cold, etc.

1-6

Medications physical checkup, seeing a doctor, taking medicine, etc.

2-6

Accidents injury, cut, burn, etc. 2-6 Hospital doctor, nurse, patient, etc. 2-6 Describing problems

pain, running nose, sore back, etc.

2-6

Medical insurance

insurance company, policy, compensation, etc.

4-6

14 天气和气候Weather and climate

Weather sunny, rainy, hot, cold, etc. 1-6

Climate conditions, temperature, dry, etc. 2-6

Weather and clothes

coat, hat, raincoat, rubber boots, etc.

2-6

Extreme weather

storm, typhoon, hurricanes, etc. 3-6

15 文娱与体育entertainment and sports

Movies and theatre

comedy, action movie, Beijing Opera, etc.

3-6

Music and dance

folk music / dance, pop music, ballet, etc.

2-6

Sports games football, table tennis, swimming, etc.

2-6

Track and field

marathon, high jump, disk throwing, etc.

2-6

Sports events Olympic Games, World Cup, CUBA, etc.

2-6

Spectators and fans

cheering team, football fan, etc. 2-6

16 旅游和交通Travel and transport

Means of transportation

bicycle, bus, train, boat, plane, etc.

2-6

Travel schedules, maps, tickets, fares, etc.

3-6

Getting and asking directions

turn left/ right, go straight ahead, drive north, etc.

2-6

Traffic rules traffic lights, safety belt, zebra crossing, , etc.

3-6

Describing a journey

exciting, tiring, unforgettable, etc.

2-6

International travel

passport, visa, customs, exchange rate, etc.

4-6

Inquiring and making reservations

hotel, tourist information, check-in /-out, etc.

3-6

17 语 言 学 习Language learning

Varieties of languages

standard language, dialects, accents, etc.

4-6

Language and culture

culture shock, cross-culture communication, conflict, etc.

3-6

Language learning difficulties

pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, etc.

2-6

Language skills and learning strategies

reading, translation, recitation, repetition, association, etc.

3-6

Attitudes to language and communication

motivated, passive, positive, etc. 3-6

18 自然Nature

Plants trees, bushes, grass, crops, etc. 2-6 Animals domestic / wild / endangered

animals, etc.2-6

Universe the sun, the earth, stars, spaceship, UFO, etc.

3-6

Landscape mountain, lake, river, valley, plain, etc.

3-6

Natural disasters

volcano, earthquake, flood, landslide, etc.

3-6

19 世 界 和 环 境The world and the environment

Countries China, the Great Britain, the United States, Australia, Canada, Iraq, etc.

2-6

Environmental issues

pollution, population growth, global warming, etc.

3-6

20 科普知识与现代技术 Popular science and modern technology

Inventions, technological advances, etc.

compasses, digital camera, mobile phone, etc.

3-6

Computer science and applications

software, internet, hard drive, etc.

3-6

21 热 点 话 题Topical issues

population explosion/ control

environmental conservation

terrorism

AIDS

drug abuse

etc.

3-6

22 历 史 与 地 理History and geography

General knowledge of history and geography about China

location, population, capital, dynasty, etc

2-6

General knowledge of history and geography about the world

World War II, the Pacific Ocean, Asia, etc.

3-6

Historic events

9/11 Event, Long March, Discovery of the New World, etc.

4-6

Historic persons

Mao Zedong, Washington, Albert Einstein, etc.

2-6

23 社会Society

Nationality and people

French, Han nationality, minority group, etc.

2-6

Famous people

Deng Xiaoping, Bill Gates, William Shakespeare, etc.

2-6

Law lawyer, court, case, etc. 3-6 Custom and culture

wedding ceremony, folklore, costume, etc.

3-6

Fashion stylish, trendy, modern, etc. 2-6 Religions and beliefs

Christianity, Buddhism, Confucianism, etc.

4-6

24 文 学 与 艺 术Literature and art

Literature and art forms

drama, novel, essay, poetry, short story, etc.

4-6

Famous literary people and artists

Lu Xun, Charles Dickens, Mark Twain, Xu Beihong, etc.

3-6

Literature and art works

Aesop’s Fables, Monkey King, Mona Lisa, etc.

4-6

附录二：英语口语等级考试交际项目表 

说明：1. 本表中的级别（如 1－6级）与本考试的级别相对应。2. 本表参照了《全日制义务教育英语课程标准》、1985年版《大学英语教学大纲》和 1999年《大学英语教学大纲》（修订版）。

1. 寒暄与社会交往 (Courtesy and Social Communication)

(1)问候 (Greetings) 1-6级例如：A.

Hi!

Hello!

Good morning / afternoon / evening.

How are you?

How are you doing?

Please say hello to your parents.

Please give my love / best wishes to Lucy.

B.

Hi!

Hello!

Good morning / afternoon / evening.

I'm OK.

Fine, thanks, and you?

Very well, thank you.

Just so so.

Sure.

All right.

(2)介绍 (Introduction) 1-6级例如：A.

My name is Jim.

I'm a student.

I'm from England.

This is Mr. / Mrs. / Miss / Ms Brown.

I'd like you to meet Bob.

May I introduce Professor Jeff Brown?

B.

Hello!

How do you do?

Nice / Glad / Pleased to meet (see) you.

(3)告辞或告别 (Leave-taking or Farewell ) 1-6级例如：A.

Good-bye / Bye / Bye-bye.

Good night.

See you later / then / tomorrow / soon.

I am sorry I have to go now.

I am afraid I must be leaving now.

B.

Good-bye / Bye / Bye-bye.

Good night.

See you.

See you later / then / tomorrow / soon.

(4)致谢或感谢 (Gratitude or Thanks ) 1-6级例如：A.

Thank you (very much).

Thanks a lot.

Thank you for your help.

It's very kind / nice of you.

I appreciate your help.

B.

You're welcome.

That's OK/ all right.

It's a pleasure.

My pleasure.

Don' t mention it.

(5)道歉(Apology) 1-6级例如：A.

Sorry.

I'm sorry.

Excuse me, please.

I beg your pardon.

I' m sorry for losing your book.

I'm sorry to interrupt you.

I'm sorry (that) I'm late.

I'm sorry about my absence.

I'm sorry to have interrupted you.

B.

That's OK.

1 It's all right.

Never mind.

It doesn't matter.

It's nothing.

Forget it.

What a pity!

It’s a pity + that you are late.

(6)邀请(Invitation) 2-6级例如：A.

Would you like to go for a walk?

You must come to dinner with us.

May I invite you to dinner?

What / How about having a swim?

B.

OK.

Thank you.

I'd like that, thanks.

Yes, I'd love to.

That would be very nice.

No, thank you.

It's very nice of you, but my mother is ill.

I'd love to, but I'm afraid I have no time.

I'm sorry I can't. What about another time?

(7)请求允许 (Asking for Permission ) 1-6级例如：A.

May I come in?

Would / Do you mind if I open the window?

Can / Could I use your telephone?

Is it all right if I sit here?

I wonder if I could smoke here.

B.

Yes, please.

Sure.

Certainly.

Please do. That's all right.

Of course, you can.

Go ahead, please.

I'm sorry, it's not allowed.

I'm afraid not. You'd better not.

It' s not allowed.

I'm sorry, but you can smoke in the next room.

(8)祝贺与祝愿 ( Wish and Congratulation) 1-6级例如：A.

Happy New Year!

Merry Christmas!

Happy birthday!

Have a good day / time!

Have a good journey / trip!

Good luck!

Enjoy yourself!

Best wishes to you.

Congratulations!

Wish you all the success!

Well done!

B.

Thank you.

You, too.

The same to you.

(9)提供帮助 (Offering Help) 1-6级例如：A.

Can I help you?

What can I do for you?

Do you want me to clean the room?

Would you like me to help you?

Let me take your bags.

B.

Yes, please.

Yes, thanks.

That would be nice / fine.

Thank you for your (the) help.

No, thanks / thank you.

Thank you all the same.

That's very kind of you, but I can manage it myself.

(10)约会( Appointment ) 2-6级例如：A.

Will you be free tomorrow?

Do you have time this afternoon?

How about tomorrow morning?

When / Where shall we meet?

Could we meet at 4:30?

Let's make it 4:30.

What time is convenient for you?

I'd like to make an appointment with Mr. Jones.

B.

Yes, I'll be free then.

All right. See you then.

I'm afraid I have no time then.

Sorry, I won't be free then. But I'll be free tomorrow.

(11) 打电话 (Making Telephone Calls ) 2-6级例如：A.

Hello! May I speak to Tom?

Hello! I'd like to speak to Mr. Green.

Is that Liu Ying speaking?

Extension six two two six, please.

Can I leave a message?

I'll call back later / again.

I'll ring him / her up again.

B.

Hello! This is Mary speaking.

Hello, who is this?

Hold the line, please.

Just a moment, please.

Hello, who's speaking?

Sorry. He / She isn't here right now.

Can I take a message?

Sorry. I can't hear you.

The line is bad / busy.

I couldn't get through.

Sorry, I'm afraid you have the wrong number.

(12) 就餐 (Having Meals) 1-6级例如：A.

Would you like something to eat / drink?

What would you like (to have)?

Would you like some more fish?

Help yourself to some fish.

Which do you prefer, rice or noodles?

What would you like to drink, tea or coffee?

B.

Yes, I'd like a drink.

I'd like rice and chicken.

Just a little, please.

Can I have some more soup?

It's so delicious. Thank you.

I prefer noodles to rice. I like green tea.

No, thank you. I've had enough.

I'm full, thank you.

It's very delicious, but I can't eat any more.

(13)就医 (Seeing the Doctor) 2-6级例如：A.

What's the matter?

Do you have a fever?

How long have you felt like this?

It's nothing serious.

Take this medicine three times a day.

You'll be all right / well soon.

What seems to be the trouble?

Give up smoking and keep on taking more exercises.

B.

I have a headache / cough / fever.

I feel terrible / bad / horrible / awful.

I don't feel well.

I've got a pain here.

It hurts here.

I don't feel like eating.

I can't sleep well.

(14)购物 (Shopping) 2-6级例如：A.

Can / May I help you?

What can I do for you?

How many / much would you like?

What color / size / kind would you like?

What about this one?

Here's your change.

B.

I want /I'd like a pair of shoes.

How much is it / are they?

May I try it on?

It's too big / small.

Sorry, it's too expensive.

Do you have any other colors / sizes / kinds?

Two and a half kilos / pounds, please.

That's fine. I'll take it.

Just have a look.

Well, I'll think about it.

(15) 问路 (Asking the Way) 2-6级例如：A.

Excuse me. Where's the washroom?

Can you tell me how to get to the post office?

Excuse me. Which bus goes to World Park?

Excuse me. Which is the way to the Bank of China?

Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the station, please?

How can I get to No. 4 Middle School?

B.

It's over there.

It's about 400 metres from here.

Go down this street until you see the tall red building.

Turn right / left at the first / second crossing / comer.

You can't miss it.

You can take bus No. 103.

You'd better take a taxi. ?

Sorry. I don't know. I'm a stranger here.

(16)谈论天气 (Talking About Weather) 1-6级例如：A.

What's the weather like today?

How's the weather in Beijing?

What a cold / hot day today!

It's a nice / fine / beautiful / horrible day today.

B.

It's sunny / cloudy / windy / rainy / snowy / foggy.

It's getting cool / cold / warm / hot.

(17)语言交际困难(Language Difficulties in Communication) 3-6级例如：Pardon?

I beg your pardon? I don't understand. Sorry, I can't follow you.

Could you say that again, please?

I don't know how to say that in English.

I don't know the word in English.

Could you repeat that, please? Can you speak more slowly, please?

What do you mean by killing time?

How do you say ... in English?

How do you spell it, please?

I'm sorry I only know a little English.

(18)提醒注意 (Reminding and Warning) 2-6级例如：No smoking!

Wet floor!

Be careful!

It's dangerous!

Don't forget your raincoat.

Remember to lock the door.

Make sure that all the windows are closed.

No spitting!

Look out!

Don't touch!

Mind your head/step!

(19)劝告(Advice) 3-6级例如：You'd better go to see the doctor.

You should listen to and read English everyday.

You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary.

If I were you, I'd phone him now.

Don't rush / hurry/ push. Please stand in line.

(20) 提议和建议(Offer and Suggestion) 2-6级提议 (offer)

例如：Can/Could/Shall /Should we go now?

Can I help you?

Is there anything I can do for you?

Let me take it for you.

Do you want me to go there?

建议 (suggestion)

例如：You should/ought to go now.

You’d better (not) try it again.

Let's go and have a look.

What / How about a picnic this Sunday?

Why don't you buy a computer?

Why not go to a movie?

(21) 接受和拒绝(Acceptance and Refusal) 2-6级接受例如：Thank you.

It’s very kind of you + to V.

That would be very kind of you.

拒绝例如：No, thanks.

I think I can manage myself.

That’s very kind of you, but…

2. 态度 (Attitude)

(22) 同意和不同意 (Agreement and Disagreement) 2-6级同意 (Agreement)

例如：Sure.

Certainly.

Of course.

All right.

I agree.

That's a good idea.

Yes, I think so.

Definitely,

Exactly.

That's correct.

不同意 (Disagreement)

例如：Of course not.

I don't agree.

I don't think so.

Certainly not.

No problem.

No way.

I'm afraid not.

I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.

It’s wrong/not right to make the decision.

I don’t think it is right to have the party.

On the whole it’s all right, but it’s not a good idea

It’s interesting, but it’s not worth to do

(23)喜欢和不喜欢(Like and Dislike) 1-6级喜欢(Like)

例如：This book is very interesting.

I like / love the movie (very much).

I like / love to play computer games.

I like/love taking/to take photos.

I enjoy listening to music.

I'm interested in science.

He is fond of music.

This song is bad / awful.

不喜欢(Dislike)

例如：I hate/don't like the movie very much / at all.

I don't enjoy collecting stamps.

I hate to do homework.

I prefer to get the job.

I prefer tea to coffee

I would rather buy the clothes.

(24)肯定和不肯定 (Certainty and Uncertainty) 2-6级肯定(Certainty)

例如：I'm sure.

I'm sure of that.

I'm (quite) sure (that) she'll join us.

There is no doubt that it's made of silk.

It's clear that it will rain soon.

Maybe you're right.

Perhaps she is at home now.

I believe that he will come soon

It is convinced of his arriving tomorrow.

It is convinced that he will arrive tomorrow

It can be said with certainty that our class will win the game.

I suppose/guess that he will give us a lecture.

不肯定(Uncertainty)

例如：I'm not so sure.

I'm not sure of that.

I'm not sure whether / if she can come.

It's hard to say.

I ‘m not certain/sure of the test.

I ‘m not certain/sure that he will give us a lecture.

There are some doubts about his trust.

There are some doubts about what he said

(25)可能和不可能 (Possibility and Impossibility) 2-6级可能(Possibility)

例如：He can / may come today.

It may snow tonight.

It's possible to finish the homework before 6 o'clock.

It's impossible for me to finish the homework within one hour.

It's likely to rain this afternoon.

It's likely that you will lose this game.

不可能(Impossibility)

例如：He may not come so early.

He can't be in the office now.

It's not likely to snow soon.

It's not possible that he will come here on time.

(26)似乎和好像(Seeming and Appearing) 3-6级例如：He seems/appears to be very happy.

It seems/appears to me that it is going to rain.

It looks/seems as if he were a foreigner.

(27)能够和不能够 (Ability and Inability) 1-6级能够(Ability)

例如：

He can ride a bike.

He is good at football.

He's able to pass the math exam.

He is capable of playing piano.

We have the ability/capability to overcome the difficulties.

不能够(Inability)

例如：He can't swim.

He's unable to walk any more.

She's not good at swimming.

(28)偏爱和爱好 (Preference and Hobby) 3-6级例如：I prefer tea.

Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?

I prefer tea to coffee.

I'd prefer to go by train.

I like English better / the best.

My favourite subject is physics.

I'd rather drink coffee than tea,

Where would you rather go, London or Tokyo?

(29)意愿和打算 (Intention and Plan) 2-6级例如：I'll go with you.

I'm going to see my head teacher this afternoon.

I'd like to make a phone call to her after class.

I want / hope to find an English pen-friend.

I plan to go to Hangzhou this summer.

We are ready to move to a new house.

Bill intends to spend his vocation in California.

I am thinking of driving to Beijing.

I won't see the movie again.

I'm not going to buy the book.

I don't want to live in the big city.

I mean to see the movie again.

I’m willing/prepared to spend the vacation in countryside.

(30)决心、决定和坚持 (Determination, Decision, and Insistence) 3-6级决心和决定(Determination and Decision)

例如：I will finish my study in a year.

I decide to buy the house.

I decide that you go first.

坚持(Insistence)

例如：I insist on the 5-year plan.

I insist on making the 5-year plan.

I insist that the 5-year plan should be made clear.

(31)希望和愿望(Hope and Wish) 2-6级例如：I hope so.

I hope not.

I wish to see you again.

I hope to become a doctor.

I hope it stays fine.

I wish I were younger.

I would like to take the course.

(32)要求、命令和指示(Request, Command, and Instruction) 3-6级例如：Won’t you do it again?

Will/Would/Can/Could you please close the door?

Will/Would/Can/Could you close the door, please?

Would you mind opening the window?

The task should/must be completed at once.

Do require him to do that job?

He requires that the job should be done at once.

To make sure that you are right.

(28)禁止和警告(Prohibition and Warning) 3-6级

例如：No parking here.

Mind your behavior.

Look out./Watch out./Take care.

If you take it easy, you’ll fail in the final exam.

(33)责任(Obligation) 3-6级例如：I must/have to/have got to/should/ought to try my best to do it well.

I’m required to attend the meeting.

It is necessary to do it well.

It is necessary that he should take part in the activity.

(34)表扬和鼓励(Praise and Encouragement) 1-6级例如：A.

Very good!

Well done!

Wonderful!

Excellent!

You can do it!

You speak English very well.

Your dress is beautiful!

Come on! Keep trying!

B.

Thank you.

OK. I'll try it again.

(35)责备和抱怨(Blame and Complaint) 3-6级例如：He's to blame.

She blamed him for coming home late.

What do you mean by doing so?

How could you cheat your teacher?

He shouldn't have done it.

Why didn't you tell me the truth?

I'm sorry to have said that, but this room is too dirty,

I hate to have to say this, but it's too noisy here.

Why don't you do something about it?

(36) 冷淡(Indifference) 2-6级例如：I don't care,

I don't care what you do.

It doesn't matter to me.

I don't mind if you smoke.

It's none of my business.

3. 情感(Emotion)

(37)高兴(Happiness) 1-6级例如：How wonderful / nice!

That's lovely / great / wonderful!

I'm so happy.

It's well done.

I'm pleased to know that.

(38)惊奇(Surprise) 1-6级例如：Really?

Oh dear!

Is that so?

What a surprise!

How nice to see you!

How surprising!

I'm surprised.

It surprises me that your English is so beautiful.

Does that surprise you?

Is this what you expected?

(39)忧虑(Worry) 2-6级

例如：What's wrong?

What's the matter?

What should we do?

Is anything wrong?

Is something worrying you?

Anything wrong?

Are you worried about your health?

(40)安慰(Reassurance) 2-6级例如：There, there. Don't be afraid.

Don't worry.

It's (quite) all right.

It'll be OK / all right.

(41)满意(Satisfaction) 1-6级例如：Good!

That's fine.

That's better.

That's good enough.

I'm pleased with your spoken English.

Well done!

Perfect!

(42)遗憾(Regret) 2-6级例如：I'm so sorry!

It's a great pity!

That's too bad!

What a shame!

I wish I had never given it up.

If I had been there, he would not have made such a serious mistake.

(43)同情(Sympathy) 2-6级

例如：I'm so sorry!

I'm so sorry about your illness.

I'm sorry to hear you are going away.

Please accept my deep sympathy.

(44)恐惧 (Fear) 2-6级例如：Help!

How terrible!

I'm afraid of that dog.

I'm frightened.

You scared me!

I dare not go out at night.

(45) 愤怒 (Anger) 3-6级例如：Damn!

Isn't it annoying!

What a stupid idiot!

4. 时间(Time)

(46)时刻(Point of Time) 1-6级例如：A.

Excuse me. What's the time, please?

Excuse me. What time is it?

What time do you get up every day?

When did you come to China?

Have you got the time?

B.

It's half past five / twenty to nine.

I get up at 6 o'clock.

I came to China in 1998.

(47)时段(Duration) 3-6级例如：A.

How long have you been in this school?

How long does it take you to get to school?

When did you live in Beijing?

How long have you been ill?

B.

I have been in this school for three years.

It takes me twenty minutes by bike.

I lived in Beijing from 1996 to 1999.

I have been ill since last Monday night.

(48) 频度(Frequency) 3-6级例如：A.

How often do you go to movies?

B.

I go to the movie once a week.

I often go to movies.

(49) 时序(Sequence) 3-6级例如：What did you do next?

Finally we found our way out.

It rained even harder later on.

The cat ran here and there, first on this side, then on that side.

5.空间与场所 (Space and Location)

(50)位置(Position) 1-6级例如：A.

Where is the picture?

B.

It's on / at / above / in / under / beside / near / behind the table.

He sits at the back of the room.

The lab is in the centre of the school.

(51)方向(Direction) 2-6级例如：A.

Which is the way to the station?

Where is the train / bus going?

Where are you going?

Are you going up / down?

B.

Go down this street, and turn left / right at the first crossing.

The train is going to Xi'an.

The train is going to the east / west / south / north.

I'm going to the railway station. I'm leaving for Shanghai.

(52)距离(Distance) 2-6级例如：A.

How far is your school from here?

B.

It's about 40 minutes by bike.

It's about 6 kilometres / miles away.

6. 存在(Existence)

(53) 存在(Existence) 2-6级例如：A.

Is there a bird in the tree?

Are there any apples in the tree?

What's in the tree?

B.

Yes, there is / are.

There's a bird in the tree.

There are many / a lot of birds in the tree.

(54) 不存在(Non-Existence) 2-6级例如：A.

Is there an English book in the schoolbag?

Are there any English books in the schoolbag?

Isn't there any water in the bottle?

Does water exist on the moon?

B.

No, there isn't / aren't (any).

There isn't an English book in the schoolbag.

There aren't any English books in the schoolbag.

No, there's no water in the bottle.

There's no more paper in the printer.

No water exists on the moon.

7. 特征(Feature)

(55)形状(Shape) 1-6级例如：A.

What does it look like?

What's the shape of the clouds?

B.

It looks like a camel.

It's round / long / tall / short.

It's a circle / square.

It's a U-shaped road.

It’s a star-shaped plate.

(56)颜色(Colour) 1-6级例如：A.

What colour is the bag?

B.

It's green / red / blue / yellow / black / white / orange / purple / light brown / dark blue.

I like the photo in black and white.

(57)材料 (Material) 3-6级例如：A.

What's the table made of?

What's the red wine made from?

B.

It's made of wood.

It's made from grapes.

I bought a woolen sweater yesterday.

(58)价格(Price) 2-6级例如：A.

How much is the dictionary?

How much is it?

How much are they?

Is it cheap / expensive?

B.

The dictionary costs me 100 yuan.

The dictionary is expensive / cheap.

(59)规格(Size) 3-6级例如：A.

What size is your sweater?

What size shoes do you wear?

B.

The size of my sweater is XXL.

It's too big / small / long / short for me.

(60) 年龄(Age) 1-6级例如：A.

How old are you?

How old is he / she?

B.

I'm eighteen.

He / She is six years old. Uncle Wang is an old man.

(61)结构(Structure) 3-6级部分和整体(Part and whole)

例如：The book contains four chapters.

The book consists of/is composed of four parts.

Two elements form/comprise the whole painting.

各部分之间的联系(Connection between parts)

例如：The attached building is connected to main one

The company is supported by stores.

(62) 分类(Classification) 4-6级例如：There are three types/kinds of animals on the island.

People of the world are divided into several classes.

The vehicle tools fall into numerous classes

8.计量(Measurement)

(63)准确计量(Definite Measurement) 4-6级例如：The length/area/volume/diameter + of + NP + is measured in + NP (unit).

The length/width/diameter + of + NP + is + NP (number and unit).

speed

temperature should be taken.

Measurements/Readings of the humidity

etc.

(64)长度(Length) 2-6级例如：

A.

How long is the bridge?

B.

It's 430 metres / feet long.

(65)宽度(Width) 2-6级例如：A.

How wide is the river?

B.

It's about 200 metres wide.

(66)高度(Height) 2-6级例如：A.

How tall / high is the building?

B.

It's 130 metres tall / high.

The building has 85 floors / stories.

(67)数量(Number) 1-6级例如：A.

How many students are there in your class?

How much water do you drink every day?

B.

There are forty students in our class.

I drink five glasses of water every day.

(68)约数和平均值(Approximation and Average) 4-6级约数 (Approximation)

例如：*about, approximately

range/vary from + NP (number and unit) + to + NP (number and unit)

平均值 (Average)

例如：

on an/the average

have an average of + NP (number and unit)

length

the average/ mean depth of + NP (number and unit) + is …

etc.

(69)比率和比例 (Ratio and Proportion) 4-6级例如： It is in ratio of X to Y

The X/Y ratio is X:Y.

of A to B

The ratio is X:Y.

between A and B

The proportion of A to B is X to Y.

(70)最大和最小(Maximum and Minimum) 2-6级例如： speed

have the maximum / minimum of + NP (number and unit)

pressure

weight

have the highest / lowest density of +NP (number and unit)

limit

etc.

speed

The maximum / minimum pressure + is +NP (number and unit).

etc.

weight

The upper / lower limit of + density is + NP (number and unit).

etc.

(71)加、减、乘、除(Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division) 3-6级 例如：

X and Y make Z.

plus/added to is

minus/subtracted from is equal to

X times/multiplied by Y equals Z

divided by/into makes

add X and /to

subtract X from

If you take X away from Y, you get Z.

multiply X by

divide X by/into

added to

subtracted from

When X is taken away from Y, the result/answer is Z.

multiplied by

divided by/into

(72)倍增和百分比(Multiple and Percentage) 3-6级例如：

as + adj/adv + as …

N times + adj/adv (comparative) + (than)

the weight/length/etc. of + NP

make/constitute + NP(percentage) + of + NP

make the majority/greater percentage/greater part + of + NP

(73)增加和减少(Increase and Decrease) 3-6级例如：

by + NP (percentage)

Increase/decrease + by + NP (number and unit)

(by +) n times.

NP (percentage)

Increase/decrease to +

NP (number and unit)

9.比较 (Comparison)

(74)原级(Positive Degree) 2-6级例如：My ruler is as long as yours.

I can run as fast as you can.

This book is not as interesting as that one.

I can't run so fast as you can.

(75)比较级与最高级(Comparative and Superlative Degrees) 2-6级例如：Lily is younger than Kate.

The red skirt is more expensive than the yellow one.

I run faster than Jim.

Mrs. Baker walks more slowly than Mr. Baker.

Jim is the tallest in his class.

Tom is the best of all.

The more you do, the more you will get.

(76) 足量和过量 (Sufficiency and Excess) 3-6级足量(sufficiency)

例如：We have got enough/sufficient/adequate food to eat.

The work is hard enough to do.

过量(excess)

例如：It is too difficult for him to pick up the stone.

He is too young to do the work.

(77)相似和差别(Similarity and Difference) 2-6级例如：This picture is the same as that one on the wall.

Lucy is like her mother.

Tom looks like his father.

The two shirts are of the same colour.

Her brother is alike/the same in appearance as she is

The watch is similar to my watch.

My picture is different from yours.

My picture differs from yours

There are five differences between the two pictures.

10.逻辑关系(Logical Relation)

(78)原因和结果 (Cause and Effect) 2-6级例如：A.

Why are you late for school?

How could you miss the train / plane?

B.

Because I got up late this morning.

As he was ill, he couldn't come to school.

Since she did not feel well, she stayed at home.

Because of the bad traffic, we missed the train.

Due to the heavy fog, the planes were delayed.

The reason is that he is not careful enough in his work.

He ate too much, so he did not feel well.

It is so dark that I can not see anything in the room.

(79)目的(Aim/Purpose) 2-6级例如：A.

Why are you here today?

Why did you do that?

B.

I came here to see you off.

I did that in order to/so as to protect the trees.

For the purpose of better result, you should study hard.

With the aim/object of better result, you should study hard.

The purpose/aim of the task is to train students’ cooperative ability.

(80) 让步(Concession) 3-6级 例如：

Despite + NP, in spite of + NP

In spite of the fact + that-clause

Even though-/even if –clause

No matter wh-clause

Whatever-clause

However-clause

While-clause

Whether-clause

Adj/adv + as/though + NP + V …

(81) 条件和假定(Condition and supposition) 3-6级 真实条件( Real Condition)

例如：*with/without + NP

Given + NP, in case of + NP

*if-clause, *unless-clause, in case + that-clause, on condition + that-clause

不真实条件和假设(Unreal condition and hypothesis)

例如：*if-clause (unreal), as if-/as though-clause, suppose/supposing + that-clause

Should/had/were + NP + V …

The assumption is made + that-clause.

(82)定义(Definition) 4-6级 例如：

NP (term) + be + NP (class word).

V-ing.

used for + V-ing.

NP (term) + be/be defined as + NP (class word) + used + to V.

V-ing.

(83)例证(Exemplification) 2-6级 例如：

for example/for instance

Take + NP + as an example

Be an example of + NP

Can be exemplified by + NP

(84) 概括(Generalization) 3-6级 例如：

In a word, to sum up

Generally (speaking), in general

(85)结论（Conclusion）3-6级 例如：

In conclusion

Reach/come to the conclusion + that-clause

Draw a conclusion from + NP

From + NP + NP (person) + (can) conclude + that-clause.

The conclusion is …

11. 职业 (Occupation)

(86)工作(Job) 1-6级例如：A.

What do you do?

What's your job?

What are you going to be?

B.

I'm a teacher / doctor / worker / farmer / businessman / manager.

I'm going to be a scientist / computer engineer.

(87)单位(Employer) 2-6级例如：A.

Where do you work?

What company are you working for?

B.

I'm teaching English in a high-school.

I'm working for a computer company.

附录三：英语口语等级考试会话技巧项

目表 

1. 语音语调 (Pronunciation and intonation)a) 发音 pronunciation

i. 基本元音 vowelsii. 基本辅音 consonants

iii. 连读 liaisoniv. 省音 unvoicedv. 浊化 voicing

vi. 强化 strong formvii. 弱化weak form

viii. 同化 assimilationix. 不完全爆破 incomplete plosive

b) 语调 intonationi. 升调 rising tone

ii. 降调 falling toneiii. 平调 level toneiv. 降升调 fall-rise tone

2. 节奏、重音与停顿 (rhythm, stress and pause)a) 重音 stress

i. 单词重音与次重音word stressii. 句子重音 sentence stress

iii. 对比重音 contrastive stressb) 停顿 pause

i. 句中停顿：intra-sentential pauseii. 句间停顿 inter-sentential pause

iii. 等待时间wait-time

3. 会话 (Conversation)a) 毗连对语 adjacency pairb) 话轮的转换 turn-takingc) 话语权 floord) 话语权的获得、保持与转交 floor-obtaining, floor-holding, floor-turninge) 话语的修正 repairf) 插话与打断对方话语 interruptiong) 前置序列 pre-sequenceh) 插入序列 insertion sequencei) 直接与间接言语行为的使用 direct and indirect speech actsj) 副语言标记的使用 para-linguistic markersk) 语速的控制 variation of speedl) 表情与姿势的使用 facial expressions and gestures

4. 连续表达 (Connected speech)a) 语篇结构 discourse structure

i. 开篇 openingii. 展开 development

iii. 过渡 transitioniv. 照应 referencev. 结束语 conclusion

b) 语篇标记i. 时间顺序标记 chronological markers

ii. 空间顺序标记 spatial markersiii. 因果关系标记 consequential markersiv. 重要性标记 significance markers

c) 体裁 genrei. 记述 narrative

ii. 说明 expositiveiii. 议论 argumentativeiv. 描述 descriptive

5. 遣词与造句(diction and sentential organization)a) 遣词 diction

i. 褒义词 good senseii. 贬义词 derogative

iii. 中性词 neutralb) 造句 sentential organization

i. 简单句 simple sentenceii. 并列句 compound sentence

iii. 复杂句 complex sentenceiv. 分裂句 cleft sentencev. 倒装句 inverted sentence

vi. 被动句 passive sentencevii. 前景化 foregrounding

6. 表达方式a) 陈述 statementb) 反驳 refutec) 比较 comparisond) 对比 contraste) 定义 definitionf) 诱导 persuasiong) 讥讽 satireh) 反语 ironyi) 类比 analogyj) 举例 exemplificationk) 分类 classificationl) 比喻 metaphorm) 委婉语 euphemism n) 归纳 inductiono) 演绎 deduction

7. 语用原则(Pragmatic principle)a) 合作原则 co-operative principle

i. 质的准则 quality maximii. 量的准则 quantity maxim

iii. 关系准则 relevance maximiv. 方式准则 manner maxim

b) 礼貌原则 politeness principlei. 得体准则 tact maxim

ii. 慷慨准则 generosity maximiii. 表扬准则 approbation maximiv. 谦虚准则 modesty maximv. 同情准则 sympathy maxim

vi. 一致准则 agreement maximc) 一般交际策略 communicative strategy

i. 请求重复 request for repetitionii. 请求解释 request for explanation

iii. 请求谅解 request for pardoniv. 征求意见和建议 ask for opinionsv. 拒绝 refuse

d) 礼貌策略 politeness strategyi. 表明合作、避开争端 manifestation of cooperation and avoidance of dispute

ii. 表明共 识、避 开 异 议 manifestation of common ground and avoidance of difference

iii. 满足对方需求 satisfaction of the hearer’s need

iv. 不强加于人 avoidance of impositionv. 道歉 apology

vi. 寻找借口，避免冲突 finding excuses and avoidance of conflictsvii. 间接表明意图 indirect expression of intention

viii. 含糊其词 vaguenessix. 缄默 silence

附录四：英语口语等级考试1－6级词

汇表

说明：本表词汇后标注的数字表示该词汇的所属级别。a (an) 1a.m. / am, A.M. / AM 3abandon 6ability 2able 2aboard 3about 1above 1abroad 2absence 4absent 2absolute 4absorb 3abstract 3academic 3academy 4accent 3accept 2acceptance 5accident 2accompany 3accomplish 4accord 5accordance 6account 5accountant 5

accuracy 5accurate 3accuse 4accustomed 4ache 2achieve 3achievement 3acid 4acknowledge 5acquaintance 6acquire 4across 2act 1acting 6action 2active 2activity 2actor 3actress 3actual 3AD /A.D. 3ad(缩)＝advertisement 3adapt 4add 2addition 3additional 4

address 2adequate 4adjective 5adjust 4administration 5admire 3admission 5admit 3adopt 4adult 3advance 3advanced 4advantage 2adventure 3adverb 4advertise 3advertisement 2advice 2advise 2aeroplane/airplane 5affair 3affect 3affection 6afford 3afraid 2after 2afternoon 1afterward(s) 3again 1against 2age 1aged 4agency 5agent 4ago 2agree 2agreement 3agricultural 3agriculture 3ahead 3aid 3AIDS 3aim 3

air 2air-conditioned 5aircraft 3airline 2airmail 5airplane 2airport 2airspace 3airway 6alarm 3album 3alcohol 4alert 6alike 3alive 2all 1allow 2allowance 6almost 2alone 2along 2alongside 5aloud 2already 2also 2alternative 4although 2altogether 3always 1am 1amaze 3amazing 3ambassador 6ambition 4ambulance 4among 2amount 3amuse 3amusement 3analyse/ -lyze 3analysis 3ancestor 3ancient 3

and 2anger 3angle 3angry 1animal 1anniversary 5announce 3annoy 4annual 4another 2answer 1ant 1anticipate 4anxiety 4anxious 3any 2anybody 2anyhow 3anyone 2anything 2anyway 2anywhere 2apartment 3apologize/-ise 3apology 3appeal 4appear 2appearance 3appetite 4applaud 3applause 4apple 2application 3apply 3appoint 3appointment 3appreciate 3approach 3appropriate 4approval 4approve 3architect 3architecture 5

are 1area 2argue 3argument 3arise 3arithmetic 3arm 1armchair 3army 2around 1arouse 4arrange 3arrangement 3arrest 3arrival 3arrive 2arrow 3art 2article 2artificial 4artist 3artistic 5as 2ash 3ashamed 3aside 3ask 1asleep 2aspect 3assemble 4assembly 5assign 4assignment 5assist 5assistance 5assistant 3associate 4association 3assume 6assure 6astonish 3astronaut 3at 1

athlete 3atmosphere 3atom 3atomic 4attach 4attack 3attain 5attempt 3attend 3attention 2attitude 3attract 3attraction 3attractive 3attribute 4audience 3audio 5aunt 1author 3authority 3auto(mobile) 4automatic 3autumn 1auxiliary 6available 3average 3avoid 2awake 2award 3aware 4away 2awful 3awkward 5baby 1baby-sit 4bachelor 3back 1backache 3background 2backward(s) 3bacon 3bad 2badly 5

badminton 3bad-tempered 6bag 1baggage 3bake 5balance 3ball 1balloon 2bamboo 2ban 4banana 1band 4bandage 4bang 5bank 2bankrupt 6banner 5bar 3barbecue 3barber 3barbershop 3bare 4bargain 3bark 3base 3baseball 3basement 3basic 2basically 5basin 3basis 3basket 2basketball 1bat 3bath 3bathe 3bathroom 1bathtub 3battery 3battle 3bay 5BC 3be 1

beach 3beam 5bean 3bear 2beard 3bearing 6beast 3beat 2beautiful 1beauty 3because 1become 2bed 1bedroom 1bee 1beef 2beer 3before 1beg 3beggar 4begin 2beginning 4behalf 4behave 3behavior(u)r 3behead 6behind 1being 3belief 3believe 2bell 2belly 3belong 3below 2belt 3bench 4bend 3beneficial 4benefit 3beside 2besides 2best 4bet 4

better 4between 2beyond 2bicycle 2bid 6big 1bike 1bill 2billion 3biology 3bird 1birth 2birthday 1birthplace 3biscuit 2bit 2bite 3bitter 2black 1blackboard 1blade 6blame 3blank 3blanket 3bleed 3bless 5blind 2block 3blood 2bloody 5bloom 5blow 2blue 1board 2boast 5boat 1body 1boil 1bold 4bolt 6bomb 4bone 3book 1

bookseller 4bookshop 1boom 5boot 3border 4bore 4bored 3boring 2born 2borrow 2boss 2both 2bother 3bottle 1bottom 2bound 4bow 5bowl 2bowling 3box 1boxing 3boy 1boyfriend 3brain 3brake 6branch 3brand 3brass 6brave 2bread 1break 2breakfast 1breast 4breath 2breathe 2breed 4breeze 5brick 3bride 3bridegroom 3bridge 1brief 3bright 2

brilliant 4bring 1broad 3broadcast 3broke 6broom 6brother 1brother-in-law 4brown 1brush 1bucket 5build 2building 1bullet 5bunch 4bundle 4burden 4bureau 6burn 2burst 5bury 3bus 1bush 3business 2businessman /businesswoman 3busy 1but 2butcher 3butter 2butterfly 1button 3buy 1by 1bye 1cab 5cabbage 2cabin 5cabinet 5cable 5cafe 3cafeteria 4cage 3cake 1

calculate 4calculator 4calendar 5call 2calm 3camel 2camera 1camp 2campaign 4campus 4can 1cancel 2cancer 3candidate 4candle 2candy 2canteen 4cap 1capable 4capacity 4capital 2captain 3capture 5car 1card 1care 2career 5careful 1careless 2cargo 6carpenter 3carpet 3carriage 3carrier 4carrot 3carry 2cart 6cartoon 3case 3cash 3cashier 5cassette 4castle 3

casual 5cat 1catch 1cattle 3cause 2cautious 3cave 3CD 2CD-ROM 3cease 6ceiling 3celebrate 2celebration 3cement 6cent 2centigrade 5centimetre / -ter) 3central 3centre / -ter ) 2century 2ceremony 3certain 2certainly 3certify 6chain 3chair 1chairman / chairwoman 2chalk 2challenge 3challenging 5chamber 6champion 3chance 2change 1channel 3chapter 3character 3characteristic 4characterize/-ise 4charge 3charm 4chart 3chase 5

chat 3cheap 2cheat 2check 2cheek 3cheer 2cheerful 3cheers 3cheese 2chemical 3chemist 3chemistry 2cheque (美 check) 3chess 1chest 2chew 5chick 6chicken 1chief 3child 2childhood 3chin 5china 5chocolate 1choice 2choose 2chopsticks 2Christmas 2church 3cigar 3cigaret(te) 3cinema 1circle 1circle 4circular 4circulate 4circumstance 4circus 5cite 4citizen 3city 2civil 4civilian 6

civilization 4civilize/-lise 4claim 4clap 2clarify 4class 1classic 3classical 5classification 5classify 4classmate 1classroom 1clause 4clay 6clean . 1cleaner 3clear 2clerk 3clever 1client 6climate 3climb 1clinic 3clock 2clone 3close 1cloth 3clothes 1clothing 3cloud 1cloudy 1club 2coach 3coal 2coast 2coat 1cock 4cocoa 3code 5coffee 1coin 2coke 1col1ege 4

cold 1collapse 5collar 3colleague 5collect 2collection 3collective 4college 2colo(u)r 1colony 5comb 3combination 5combine 3come 1comedy 6comfort 3comfortable 2command 5comment 3commerce 4commercial 5commit 4committee 3common 2communicate 2communication 3communism 4communist 4community 4companion 3company 2comparative 4compare 2comparison 4compass 5compete 3competent 4competition 2competitive 5complain 4complaint 6complete 2composition 2

comprehension 3computer 1comrade 4concentrate 3concept 3concern 4concerning 4concert 2conclude 3conclusion 3concrete 5condition 2conduct 4conductor 3conference 5confess 4confidence 4confident 3confine 6confirm 3conflict 5confuse 3confusion 4congratulate 3congratulation 3congress 5conjunction 6connect 2connection/-exion 4conquer 6conscious 4consent 5consequence 4consequently 4conservation 6consider 2considerate 4consideration 5consist 3consistent 5constant 4construct 4construction 3

consult 5consultant 6consume 4consumer 4consumption 5contact 4contain 3container 5contemporary 4contend 6content 3contest 4context 6continent 3continual 4continue 2continuous 4contract 4contradiction 4contrary 4contrast 4contribute 4contribution 3control 2convenience 3convenient 3conventional 5conversation 2convert 6cook 1cooker 1cookie 3cool 1cooperate 4coordinate 4cop 6cope 4copper 5copy 2copyright 5cord 6core 5corn 3

corner 2corporation 3correct 2correction 3correspond 4correspondence 4correspondent 5corresponding 6corridor 5corrupt 6cost 2costly 5cosy 3cottage 5cotton 2cough 2could 2council 6count 1counter 3country 1countryside 1county 4couple 2courage 2course 3court 3courtyard 3cousin 1cover 2cow 1crack 6craft 5crash 5crayon 3crazy 2cream 3create 2creation 5creative 4creature 4credit 3crew 4

crime 3criminal 3crisis 4critic 4critical 4criticism 4criticize/-ise 4crop 3cross 2crossing 3crossroads 3crow 5crowd 3crown 5crucial 6crude 5cruel 2crush 5cry 1crystal 5cube 6cultivate 4culture 3cup 2cupboard 3cure 3curiosity 4curious 3currency 4current 4curriculum 4curse 5curtain 3curve 6custom 3customer 3customs 3cut 1cycle 3cyclist 3dad 1daddy 2daily 2

dairy 4dam 3damage 3damn 4damp 4dance 1danger 2dangerous 2dare 2dark 1darling 4dash 5data 3date 1daughter 1daughter-in-law 4dawn 3day 1daybreak 4daydream 4daylight 4dead 2deadline 4deaf 2deal 2dear 1death 2debate 4debt 3decade 4deceive 5decide 2decision 2deck 5declaration 5declare 4decline 6decorate 3decrease 3deed 3deep 2deer 3defeat 3

defend 3defense/-nce 3define 5definite 5definition 5degree 2delay 4delegate 6delete 5delicious 1delight 4delighted 3deliver 5demand 3democracy 5democratic 4demonstrate 4dental 4dentist 1deny 4depart 6department 3departure 5depend 2dependent 4deposit 6depress 5depression 5depth 4deputy 6derive 6describe 2description 3desert 3deserve 3design 3desirab1e 4desire 3desk 1despair 4dessert 3destination 5destroy 3

destruction 5detail 4detect 4detection 5detective 5determination 4determine 3develop 2development 2device 4devote 3diagram 5dial 3dialogue (美 dialog) 2diameter 6diamond 3diary 2dictate 5dictation 3dictionary 2die 2diet 3differ 4difference 2different 2difficult 2difficulty 2dig 2digest 5digital 3dim 5dinner 1dip 3diplomatic 5direct 2direction 2directly 5director 3dirt 5dirty 2disable 6disabled 3disadvantage 3

disagree 3disagreement 3disappear 3disappoint 4disappointed 3disaster 3discharge 6discipline 5discount 4discourage 4discover 2discovery 2discuss 2discussion 2disease 2dish 1disk 3dislike 3dismiss 2disobey 6disorder 4disp1ay 4displace 6display 5dissolve 6distance 3distant 3distinct 4distinction 4distinguish 4distribute 4distribution 4district 3disturb 2ditch 5dive 3divide 2division 3divorce 4do 1doctor 1document 3dog 1

doll 1dollar 2domestic 4donation 6donkey 5door 1dormitory 3dose 6dot 5double 1doubt 2doubtful 5down 1download 3downstairs 2downtown 3downward 5dozen 2draft 5drag 4dragon 5drain 6drama 5dramatic 5draw 1drawer 3drawing 4dream 2dress 1dresser 6drift 5drill 3drink 1drip 5drive 2drive-in 6driver 2drop 1drown 4drug 3drum 1drunk 3dry 1

duck 1due 5dull 3dumb 5dumpling 3durable 6duration 5during 1dusk 3dust 3dustbin 3dusty 3duty 2duty-free 5DVD 2dye 6e1der 4each 2eager 3eagle 3ear 1early 1earn 3earnest 5earth 2earthquake 3ease 4east 1eastern 3easy 2eat 1economic 4economical 4economy 4edge 2edit 4edit 5edition 5editor 3editorial 6educate 3education 2educator 3

effect 3effective 4efficiency 4efficient 4effort 2egg 1eggplant 3either 2elder 3elderly 4elect 4election 4electric 2electrical 3electricity 3electronic 3elegant 5element 5elephant 1elevator 5else 1elsewhere 5E-mail 2embarrass 3embassy 6emergency 3emotion 4emotional 4emphasis 4emphasize/-ise 4employ 3employee 4employer 4employment 4empty 2enable 4encourage 2encouragement 3end 2ending 5endless 5enemy 2energetic 3

energy 3engage 4engine 3engineer 2engineering 4enhance 4enjoy 1enjoyable 3enlarge 4enough 2ensure 4enter 2enterprise 5entertain 5entertainment 3enthusiasm 4enthusiastic 4entire 3entrance 3entry 5envelope 3environment 3envy 3equal 3equality 4equip 5equipment 3equivalent 4era 6eraser 2error 5escape 3especial 5especially 2essay 4essential 4establish 5estate 4estimate 4evaluate 4eve 4even 2evening 1

event 3eventually 4ever 2every 2everybody 2everyday 1everyone 1everything 2everywhere 1evidence 4evident 4evidently 5evil 4exact 3exaggerate 4exam=examination 2examine 2example 2exceed 5excellent 3except 2exception 4excess 5excessive 6exchange 4excite 2excited 3excitement 4exciting 3excuse 3exercise 1exhaust 4exhibit 4exhibition 3exist 3existence 3exit 3expand 3expect 2expense 4expensive 2experience 2experiment 2

experimental 5expert 3explain 2explanation 4exploit 6explore 5export 3expose 4express 2expression 3extend 4extension 5extensive 5extent 4external 5extra 3extraordinary 3extreme 3eye 1eyeglass 4eyesight 3face 1facial 4facility 4fact 2factor 4factory 2fade 5fail 2failure 3faint 5fair 2fairly 4faith 4faithful 4fall 1false 3fame 4familiar 3family 1famine 6famous 2fan 1

fancy 4fantastic 3far 2fare 3farewell 4farm 1farmer 1farther 4fascinating 5fashion 4fashionable 4fast 2fasten 5fat 1fatal 5fate 4father 1fault 3favo(u)r 3favo(u)rab1e 4favo(u)rite 1fax 3fear 2fearful 4feasible 6feather 5feature 4fee 3feed 1feedback 5feel 1feeling 2fell 6fellow 3female 3fence 3festival 1fetch 3fever 2few 2fiction 5field 1fierce 3

fight 2figure 4file 3fill 2film 1filter 6final 2finally 3finance 4financial 4find 1finding 5fine 1finger 2finish 1fire 1fireman 5fireworks 3firm 3fish 1fisherman 2fist 3fit 2fix 2flag 2flame 3flash 3flashlight 3flat 1flesh 5flexible 4flight 3float 4flock 6flood 3floor 1flour 5flow 3flower 1flu 3fluent 3fly 1focus 3

fog 3foggy 3fold 3folk 3follow 1follower 5following 4fond 3food 1fool 3foolish 3foot 1football 1footstep 5for 1force 2forecast 3forehead 3foreign 2foreigner 2forest 2forever 3forget 1forgive 3fork 3form 2formal 4former 3formula 6forth 4fortnight 4fortunate 3fortunately 4fortune 4forward(s) 2found 5foundation 4fox 2fraction 5fragile 3frame 4framework 4franc 3

frank 4free 2freedom 3freeway 3freeze 2frequency 5frequent 3fresh 2fried 3friend 1friendly 1friendship 2frighten 3frightened 5frog 1from 1front 1frontier 6frost 3fruit 1fruitful 5fry 4fuel 4fulfil(l) 4full 1fun 1function 3fund 4fundamental 4funeral 5funny 1fur 3furnish 6furniture 3further 3furthermore 4future 2gain 3game 1gang 5gap 4garage 3garbage 3

garden 1gardener 4garlic 3gas 3gasoline 4gate 1gather 3general 2generally 5generate 4generation 3generator 4generous 3genius 5gentle 3gentleman 2geography 2geometry 4gesture 3get 1ghost 5giant 5gift 2gifted 4giraffe 2girl 1girlfriend 3give 2given 4glad 2glance 5glare 5glass 2globe 3glorious 4glory 3glove 2glow 4glue 3go 2goal 3goat 2god 2

gold 1golden 2goldfish 5golf 3good 1goodbye (bye-bye) 2goodness 4goods 3goose 2govern 4government 3governor 5grab 5grace 4graceful 4grade 1gradual 4graduate 3graduation 3grain 3gram(me) 5grammar 2grandchild 2granddaughter 2grandma = grandmother 1grandpa = grandfather 1grandparents 2grandson 2granny 2grape 1graph 5grasp 3grass 1grateful 4gratitude 4gravity 6great 1greedy 3green 1greengrocer 6greenhouse 5greet 5greeting 2

grey / gray 3grocer 5gross 6groucery 3ground 1group 1grow 1growth 4guarantee 4guard 2guess 1guest 2guidance 4guide 3guideline 6guilty 3guitar 2gulf 5gun 2guy 4gym = gymnasium 2gymnastics 3habit 2hair 1haircut 3half 1hall 2ham 3hamburger 2hammer 3hand 1handbag 2handful 3handkerchief 4handle 3handsome 2handwriting 2handy 6hang 2happen 1happiness 3happy 1harbo(u)r 3

hard 1harden 5hardly 2hardship 4hardware 5hardworking 3harm 3harmful 3harness 6harsh 5harvest 3hat 1hate 1hatred 4have 1hay 5he 1head 3headache 2heading 6headline 5headmaster 3headquarters 5heal 6health 2healthy 2heap 5hear 1hearing 3heart 2heat 2heath 6heating 6heaven 2heavy 2height 3helicopter 3hell 5hello (hi) 1help 1helpful 1helpless 4hen 1

hence 6her 1herd 5here 1hero 2heroic 5hers 3herself 2hesitate 3hidden 5hide 2hiding 5high 1highlight 5highly 4highway 3hike 6hill 1hillside 4him 1himself 2hint 4hire 3his 1historic 4historical 4history 2hit 2hobby 2hold 2hole 1holiday 2home 1homeland 3hometown 2homework 1honest 2honesty 6honey 3hono(u)r 2hook 3hope 2hopeful 3

hopeless 3horrible 3horror 5horse 2hospital 1host 3hostess 3hostile 4hot 1hotdog 2hotel 2hour 2house 1household 4housekeeper 5housewife 3housework 2housing 5how 2however 2hug 3huge 2human 2human being 3humble 5humo(u)r 3humorous 2hundred 1hunger 3hungry 1hunt 3hunter 3hurry 2hurt 1husband 3hut 5I 1ice 1icebox 6ice-cream 1idea 1ideal 4identical 4

identity 4idiom 3idle 4if 2ignorance 5ignorant 4ignore 4ill 2illegal 3illness 2illustrate 4illustration 5image 5imaginary 4imagination 5imagine 2imitate 4immediate 4immediately 2immigrant 5impatient 4import 3importance 3important 1impress 3impression 3impressive 4improve 2improvement 4in 1inch 2incident 4include 2income 3inconvenient 6increase 2increasingly 5indeed 3independence 4independent 3index 6indicate 4indication 4

indifferent 6indirect 4individual 4indoor 4indoors 5industrial 4industrialize/-ise 4industry 3infant 5inferior 5infinite 5inflation 6influence 3inform 4information 2ingredient 6inhabitant 5inherit 4initial 4initiative 4injection 4injure 3injury 3ink 2inn 3inner 5innocent 3input 4inquire/enquire 4inquiry/enquiry 4insect 3insert 3inside 1insight 4insist 2inspect 4inspire 4instal(l) 6instance 4instant 4instead 2instinct 4institute 4

institution 5instruct 3instruction 2instrument 3insurance 3insure 4intellectual 5intelligence 3intelligent 4intend 4intense 4intensive 5intention 2interest 2interested 3interesting 1interfere 4interference 5intermediate 6internal 4international 3internet 2interpersonal 6interpret 4interpretation 5interpreter 3interrupt 3interview 2interviewee 5interviewer 5intimate 5into 2introduce 2introduction 2invade 5invent 2invention 2inventor 5invest 4investigate 4investment 4invisible 5invitation 3

invite 2inviting 5involve 4inward 5iron 2irony 6irrational 6irregular 5irrelevant 5irritable 6irritate 6is 1island 2isolate 4issuance 6issue 4it 1item 4its 1itself 2jack 5jacket 2jail/gaol 5jailer 6jam 3jar 3jazz 3jealous 4jeans 2jeep 3Jesus 6jewel 5jewelry 3job 1jog 6join 1joint 5joke 2journal 4journalist 5journey 3joy 2judge 3

judgement 4juice 1juicy 6jump 1jungle 5junior 3junk 6jury 5just 2justice 3justify 4kangaroo 6keen 4keep 1kettle 3key 2keyboard 2keyhole 6keynote 6kick 2kid 2kidnap 6kidney 6kill 2kilo = kilogram 2kilometer/-tre 2kind 1kindergarten 3kindhearted 5kindly 3kindness 3king 2kingdom 5kiss 2kitchen 1kite 1knee 1knife 2knock 2know 1knowledge 2known 3lab = laboratory 2

label 5labo(u)r 2laboratory 5lack 4lad 5ladder 4lady 2lag 4lake 1lamb 2lamp 2land 2landlord 4landscape 5language 2lap 5large 2largely 4laser 4last 1late 2lately 4later 4latter 3laugh 1laughter 3launch 5laundry 5law 2lawn 5lawyer 3lay 2layer 4layout 6lazy 1lead 2leader 2leadership 5leading 5leaf 1league 4leak 3lean 4

leap 5learn 2learned 4learning 4lease 6leather 3leave 1lecture 3left 1leg 1legacy 6legal 3legend 6legendary 6leisure 5lemon 3lemonade 3lend 2length 4lens 6less 4lesson 1lest 4let 1letter 1level 2lever 6liable 6liberal 5liberate 4liberty 5librarian 3library 1license 3lick 5lie 2life 2lifetime 4lift 1light 1lightning 3like 1likelihood 6

likely 3liking 6limit 3limitation 5limited 4line 1liner 6link 3lion 1lip 3lipstick 5liquid 3liquor 5list 1listen 1liter/-tre 4literary 4literature 3litre /-ter 3litter 2little 1live 1lively 2living 4living-room 4load 3loaf 3loan 4lobby 6local 3locate 4location 4lock 2log 6logic 4logical 4lonely 2long 1look 1loose 3lord 5lorry 5lose 1

loss 4lost 1lot 1loud 2love 1lovely 2lover 4loving 5low 2lower 4loyal 4loyalty 4luck 2lucky 1luggage 3lump 5lunch 2lung 3luxury 5machine 2machinery 5mad 2madam = madame 2magazine 2magic 2magnetic 6magnificent 5maid 5mail 2mailbox 3main 2mainland 3maintain 4major 3majority 3make 1male 3man 1manage 2management 4manager 2mankind 3man-made 3

manner 3manpower 6manual 4manufacture 4manufacturer 4many 1map 1march 3mark 2market 2marriage 3married 4marry 2marvel(l)ous 5mask 5mass 4massage 6master 2mat 5match 1mate 6material 3maths=mathematics 1matter 3mature 5maximum 4may 2maybe 2mayor 4me 1meal 2mean 2meaning 2means 3meantime 4meanwhile 4measure 3measurement 4meat 1mechanic 4mechanical 4mechanism 5medal 3

media 4medical 2medicine 2medium 5meet 2meeting 2member 1membership 5memorial 4memorial 5memory 2mend 2mental 3mention 3merchant 5mercy 5mere 4merely 4merry 3message 2metal 2meter 4method 2metre /-ter 2microcomputer 5microphone 5microscope 5microwave 5midday 4middle 2midnight 3might 2mighty 6mild 3military 4milk 1milkman 5millimeter/-tre 5million 3millionaire 3mind 2mine 2mineral 4

minimum 4minister 4ministry 5minor 4minority 3minus 3minute 2miracle 4mirror 1miserable 4mislead 5miss 1Miss 2missing 5mission 6mist 6mistake 2mistaken 3misunderstand 3misunderstanding 5mix 3mixer 6mixture 3mm = millimetre 3mo(u)ld 6mobile 3mode 5model 1modem 4moderate 4modern 2modest 3modify 4moist 6moisture 6mom (mum) 2moment 2mommy (= mummy) 3money 2monitor 2monkey 1monstrous 6month 2

monthly 4monument 5mood 4moon 1mop 3moral 4more 1moreover 4morning 1mosquito 4most 1mostly 4mother 1mother-in-law 4motherland 3motion 4motivate 4motivation 6motive 5motor 3motorcycle 2motorway 5mount 6mountain 1mouse 2moustache 3mouth 1move 2movement 3movie 2moving 5Mr = mister 1Mrs. (mistress) 2Ms 2much 2mud 3muddy 3multiple 4multiply 4murder 2muscle 5museum 2mushroom 3

music 1musical 3musician 3must 1mutual 4my 1myself 2mysterious 4mystery 4myth 5nail 3naked 4name 1namely 4narrow 3nation 3national 2nationality 3nationwide 4native 3natural 2nature 2naughty 4navy 5near 1nearby 3nearly 3neat 3necessary 2necessity 4neck 2necklace 3need 1needle 3negative 4neglect 4negotiate 5neighbo(u)r 1neighbo(u)rhood 3neither 2nephew 3nerve 6nervous 2

net 3network 3neutral 5never 1nevertheless 4new 1news 1newspaper 2next 1nice 1niece 3night 1nightmare 5no 1noble 4nobody 2nod 2noise 2noisy 3none 2nonsense 4nonstop 6noodle 1noon 2nor 2normal 2normally 3north 1northeast 3northern 3northwards 3northwest 3nose 1not 2note 2notebook 2nothing 2notice 2noticeable 5notify 6notion 5noun 4novel 3

now 1nowadays 3nowhere 3nuclear 3nuisance 6number 1numerous 4nurse 1nursery 3nut 3nutrition 5o’clock 3obey 3object 2objection 4objective 4observation 4observe 4observer 4obstacle 5obtain 4obvious 3occasion 4occasional 4occupation 4occupy 3occur 4ocean 3o'clock 3odd 5of 1off 2offend 5offensive 5offer 2office 2officer 2official 3often 2oh 3oil 2okay/OK 1old 1

Olympic(s) 3omit 4on 1once 2oneself 2onion 3only 2onto 4open 1opening 3opera 5operate 3operation 2operational 4operator 3opinion 3opponent 4opportunity 4oppose 4opposite 3optimistic 5option 4optional 4or 1oral 3orange 1orbit 6order 2orderly 5ordinary 3organ 4organic 4organise /-ize 3organism 5organization /-isation 3origin 5original 4other 1otherwise 3ought 3ought to 4ounce 6our 1

ours 3ourselves 2out 2outcome 4outdoor 4outdoors 3outer 5outgoing 3outing 4outlet 6outline 3outlook 4output 4outset 6outside 1outskirts 6outstanding 4outward 5over 1overall 4overcoat 2overcome 4overhead 3overlook 4overnight 5overseas 4overtake 4overweight 3owe 4owing 4own 1owner 2ownership 5ox 3oxygen 4P.C. = personal computer 2P.E. = physical education 2p.m. 3pace 3pack 3package 2packet 4pad 5

page 1pain 3painful 3painkiller 5paint 1painter 3painting 3pair 2palace 2pale 2palm 6pan 5pancake 3panda 1panic 3pants 5paper 1paperwork 6paragraph 3parallel 5parcel 3pardon 1parent 1park 1parking (parking lot) 3parliament 6parrot 3part 2partial 5participate 5particular 3particularly 4parting 6partly 5partner 3part-time 3party 1pass 1passage 2passenger 2passion 4passive 4passport 2

past 1paste 5pat 5patch 6path 1patience 4patient 2pattern 4pause 5pavement 4paw 5pay 2payment 4pea 3peace 2peaceful 3peach 3peak 5pear 1pearl 5peasant 4peculiar 4pen 1pence 2pencil 1penny 2pension 6people 1pepper 3per 3percent 2perfect 2perform 3performance 3perfume 4perhaps 2period 3permanent 4permission 3permit 3persist 4person 1personal 3

personality 5personnel 4persuade 3pest 5pet 2petrol 4petroleum 5petty 6phase 5phenomenon 4philosopher 5philosophy 5phone 1photo = photograph 1photographer 3phrase 3physical 3physician 3physicist 3physics 2piano 1pick 1picnic 1picture 1pie 2piece 1pig 1pigeon 5pile 4pill 3pillar 5pillow 3pilot 2pin 5pine 3pineapple 3ping-pong 2pink 1pioneer 2pipe 3pit 5pitch 6pity 2

place 1plain 3plan 1plane 1planet 2plant 1plastic 2plate 2platform 3play 1playground 1pleasant 2please 1pleased 3pleasure 2plentiful 4plenty 2plot 5plow/plough 5plug 5plural 5plus 3pocket 2poem 3poet 3poetry 5point 2poison 5poisonous 5pole 5police 2policeman / -woman 1policy 3polite 2political 3politician 5politics 4poll 6pollute 3pollution 3pond 1pool 2poor 2

pop = popular 2popcorn 3popularity 6population 2pork 2porridge 3port 3portable 3portion 5portrait 5position 2positive 4possess 4possession 5possibility 3possible 2possibly 4post 2postage 5postcard 1postcode 3poster 3postman 2postpone 6pot 3potato 2potential 4pound 2pour 3poverty 5powder 4power 3powerful 3practical 3practice 2practise 2praise 2pray 5prayer 5precious 4precise 4preclude 6predict 4

prefer 3preference 6pregnant 5prejudice 5preparation 4prepare 2preposition 6presence 4present 1presentation 5presently 6preserve 4president 3press 3pressure 3presume 6pretend 3pretty 1prevent 3preview 4previous 4price 1pride 2priest 5primarily 4primary 2prime 6primitive 5prince 5princess 5principal 4principle 4print 3printer 3prior 4priority 6prison 2prisoner 2privacy 6private 2privilege 6prize 2probability 6

probable 4probably 2problem 2procedure 5proceed 4process 5procession 6produce 2producer 5product 3production 3profession 3professional 4professor 3profit 4programme /-gram) 2programmer 6progress 2prohibit 4project 3prolong 6promise 3promising 6promote 4promotion 6pronoun 5pronounce 2pronunciation 2proof 4proper 3proportion 4proportional 4proposal 4propose 4prospect 5prosperous 5protect 2protection 4protective 5protest 4proud 2prove 2provide 2

province 3provision 6psychological 4pub 3public 2publication 4publish 4publisher 5pull 2pump 5punch 6punctual 5punish 2punishment 3pupil 2purchase 6pure 3purple 3purpose 2purse 2pursue 5pursuit 6push 1put 1puzzle 1quake(=earthquake) 3qualification 5qualified 5qualify 4quality 3quantify 6quantity 3quarrel 3quarter 1queen 2quest 6question 1quick 2quiet 1quilt 5quit 4quite 2quiz 3

quotation 6quote 4rabbit 1race 1racial 5rack 6radar 6radiation 4radical 4radio 2raft 6rag 5rage 6raid 6rail 5railway / railroad 1rain 1rainbow 3raincoat 2rainfall 3rainy 1raise 2rally 6range 4rank 4rapid 2rapidly 5rare 4rarely 4rat 1rate 4rather 3ratio 6raw 3ray 5reach 2react 4reaction 4reactor 6read 1reader 4readily 5reading 3

ready 1real 2realise /-ize 3realistic 4reality 4realization 6really 2reap 6rear 5reason 2reasonable 3rebel 5recall 4receipt 6receive 2receiver 3recent 2reception 6recite 3recognise /-ize 3recollect 6recommend 4recommendation 6record 2recorder 2recover 3recovery 5recreate 6recreation 4recycle 3red 1reduce 3reduction 6refer 4referee 6reference 4refine 6reflect 4reflection/-exion 4reflex 6reform 4reformer 5refresh 6

refrigerator/fridge 3refusal 4refuse 2regard 2regardless 4region 4register 5regret 2regular 4regulate 5regulation 5reject 4relate 4relation 2relationship 3relative 3relax 2relay 6release 4reliable 3relief 3relieve 4religion 4religious 4reluctant 5rely 3remain 2remains 5remark 5remarkable 4remember 1remind 3remote 5removal 6remove 3renew 5rent 3repair 2repeat 2repetition 5replace 4replacement 6replay 5

reply 3report 2reporter 3represent 4representative 4reproduce 4republic 3reputation 5request 3require 2requirement 3rescue 6research 3researcher 5resemble 4reservation 5reserve 4residence 6resident 6resign 4resist 4resistance 4resistant 4resolute 6resolution 6resolve 6resort 6resource 4respect 3respective 6respectively 5respond 3response 4responsibility 3responsible 4rest 2restaurant 1restless 6restore 4restrict 4result 2resume 6retail 6

retain 6retire 3retreat 5return 2reveal 5review 3revise 6revision 3revival 6revolution 4revolutionary 4reward 4rewrite 5rhetoric 6rib 6rice 1rich 2rid 4riddle 2ride 1ridiculous 5right 1right-hand 5ring 2ripe 4rise 2risk 3risky 5rival 5river 1road 2roar 5roast 3rob 3robbery 5robot 1rock 3rocket 3rod 5role 2roll 4romance 5romantic 4

roof 3 room 1

root 3rope 2rose 2rot 5rotate 6rotten 5rough 3roughly 6round 1rouse 5route 5routine 4row 2royal 4rub 4rubber 1rubbish 1rude 3rug 5ruin 4rule 3ruler 1rumo(u)r 4run 1rural 4rush 2rust 5sack 6sad 1sadness 5safe 2safety 2sail 2sailor 3sake 4salad 1salary 3sale 1salesclerk 5salesgirl 3saleslady 5salesman / -woman 3salt 2

salty 3same 2sample 4sand 2sandwich 3satellite 3satisfaction 4satisfactory 4satisfied 5satisfy 2sauce 5sausage 2save 2saving 4saw 6say 1saying 3scale 5scan 5scarcely 4scarf 3scatter 6scene 3scenery 3schedule 4scholar 3scholarship 4school 1schoolbag 2science 2scientific 3scientist 2scissors 3scold 5score 2scream 3screen 2script 5sea 1seafood 5seal 6search 2seashore 5

seasick 5seaside 3season 1seasoning 6seat 2second 2secondary 4second-rate 6secret 2secretary 3section 4secure 4security 4see 1seed 3seek 3seem 2seize 3seldom 3select 4selection 4self 3selfish 3self-respect 5self-service 6self-taught 5sell 1semester 5semiconductor 6seminar 6send 1senior 3sense 3sensible 4sensitive 3sentence 1separate 2sequence 4series 5serious 2servant 2serve 2service 2

session 6set 2setting 6settle 3settlement 5several 3severe 4sew 6sex 3sexual 4shade 3shadow 3shake 2shall 2shallow 3shame 2shameful 5shampoo 5shape 1share 1shark 3sharp 3shave 3she 1shed 6sheep 2sheer 6sheet 3shelf 2shell 5shelter 5shield 5shift 4shine 2ship 1shirt 1shiver 6shock 3shoe 3shoemaker 5shoes 1shoot 3shop 1

shopkeeper 3shoplift 6shopping 3shore 3short 1shortage 4shortcoming 3shortcut 5shorthand 6shortly 4shorts 1shortsighted 5shot 5should 2shoulder 2shout 1show 2shower 1shrink 4shrug 5shut 2shy 2sick 1sickness 3side 2sideroad / sidewalk 3sideways 5sigh 4sight 2sightseeing 3sign 3signal 4signature 5significance 4significant 4silence 2silent 2silk 2silly 2silver 3similar 2similarly 4simple 2

simplify 4simply 4sin 6since 2sincere 4sing 2singer 3single 2singular 4sink 3sir 2sister 1sister-in-law 3sit 1site 4sitting-room 5situation 2size 2skate 1sketch 6ski 1skilful / skillful 5skill 2skilled 4skillful 3skim 6skin 3skip 6skirt 1sky 1skyscraper 5slap 5slave 4slavery 5sleep 1sleepy 2sleeve 6slender 5slice 6slight 3slip 4slippery 6slope 5

slow 2small 1smart 2smash 5smell 1smile 2smoke 2smoker 3smoking 5smooth 2snack 3snake 2snap 6sneak 6sneeze 6snow 1snowy 1so 2soak 5soap 1soar 6so-called 4soccer 4social 2society 2sock 2soda 4sofa 1soft 1software 3soil 3solar 5soldier 2sole 4solid 2solution 4solve 4some 1somebody 2somehow 3someone 2something 2sometime 4

sometimes 1 somewhat 4

somewhere 2son 1song 1son-in-law 4soon 2sophomore 5sore 5sorrow 4sorry 1sort 3SOS 6so-so 4soul 5sound 2soup 2sour 1source 4south 2southeast 3southern 3southwest 3sow 5space 2spacecraft 5spaceship 3spade 5spare 2spark 5speak 1speaker 2special 2specialist 4specialize/-ise 4species 5specific 4specifically 4specify 4speech 2speed 2spell 2spelling 3spend 2sphere 6

spicy 5spider 5spill 5spin 6spirit 2spiritual 4spit 3spite 4splendid 5split 5spoil 4spoken 3spokesman /-woman 3sponge 6sponsor 4spontaneous 6spoon 2sport 1sportsman 4sportswoman 5spot 4spread 2spring 1spy 3square 1stable 4stack 6stadium 3staff 4stage 3stain 6stair 3stairs 1stake 5stale 6stamp 2stand 2standard 2standing 6standpoint 4star 2stare 3start 1

starvation 6starve 5state 3statement 4station 2statistic 4statue 5status 5statute 6stay 1steady 4steak 3steal 2steam 3steel 2steep 6steer 6step 2stick 2sticky 5stiff 5still 2stimulate 4stir 4stock 4stocking 3stomach 2stone 2stop 2storage 5store 2storm 2story 2stove 3straight 3strain 5strange 2stranger 2strap 4strategic 4strategy 4straw 5strawberry 2

stream 2street 1strength 4strengthen 4stress 4stretch 5strict 2strike 3striking 5string 5strip 5stroke 6strong 1structure 4struggle 4student 1studio 5study 2stuff 4stupid 2style 3subject 2subsequent 4substance 4substitute 4subtle 5suburb 5suburban 5subway 5succeed 2success 2successful 2succession 6successive 4such 2suck 3sudden 2suffer 2sufficient 4sugar 2suggest 2suggestion 2suicide 6

suit 3suitable 3suitcase 3sum 4summarize/-ise 4summary 4summer 1sun 2sunbath 5sunburn 6sunlight 3sunny 1sunrise 4sunset 4sunshine 3super 3superficial 5superior 5superman 5supermarket 2supervise 6supper 2supplement 4supply 2support 3suppose 3suppress 6supreme 6sure 2sure 3surface 2surgery 6surname 5surpass 6surplus 4surprise 2surprising 5surrender 6surround 3surrounding 3surroundings 4survey 4survive 4

suspect 4suspend 5suspense 6suspicion 5sustain 4swallow 3sway 6swear 4sweat 3sweater 1sweep 1sweet 1swell 5swift 5swim 1swimmer 4swimming 1swing 1switch 4sword 5symbol 3symbolise / symbolize 6sympathy 4system 4systematic 5table 1taboo 6tackle 6tail 1tailor 3take 1takeaway 6takeover 6tale 2talent 4talk 1tall 1tamper 6tap 3tape 2tape-recorder 3tar 6target 4

tariff 6task 2taste 2tasty 3tax 3tax-free 4taxi 1taxpayer 4tea 1teach 2teacher 1teacup 4team 2teapot 4tear 3tease 6technical 4technician 4technique 3technologist 5technology 2tedious 6teenager 3telecommunications 5telegram 4telegraph 5telephone 1telephone-booth/box 3telescope 3televise 6television/TV/T.V 1tell 1teller 5temper 6temperament 6temperate 6temperature 2temple 5temporary 4temptation 5tend 4tender 5tennis 2

tense 4 tension 5

tent 2term 2terminal 4terminate 6terrible 2terrific 5terrify 5territory 6terror 5test 2testify 6text 2textbook 3textile 5than 2thank 2thankful 5that 2the 1theatre /-ter 2theft 5their 1theirs 3them 1theme 5themselves 2then 1theoretical 5theory 4there 1therefore 3these 1thesis 6they 1thick 2thief 3thin 1thing 1think 1thinker 5thinking 5thirst 5thirsty 1

this 1thorough 4those 2though 2thought 2thoughtful 4thousand 2thread 3threat 5threaten 4thrift 6thrill 6throat 3through 1throughout 3throw 1thumb 5thunder 3thunderstorm 3thus 5tick 3ticket 2tide 5tidy 2tie 1tiger 1tight 3till 2time 2timetable 3timid 5timidity 6tin 5tiny 2tip 3tipper 6tiptoe 6tire 4tired 2tissue 6title 3to 1toast 5

tobacco 3today 1toe 5together 1toilet 2token 6tolerance 5tolerant 6tolerate 4toleration 6tomato 1tomb 3tomorrow 2ton 2tone 5tongue 2tonight 2too 2tool 2tooth 1toothache 2toothbrush 2toothpaste 2top 1topic 3torch 5torment 6total 1touch 1touching 5tough 3tour 1tourism 5tourist 2toward(s) 2towel 2tower 2town 1toy 2trace 4track 4tractor 4trade 2

tradition 3traditional 2traffic 2tragedy 5trail 6trailer 6train 1training 2transaction 6transfer 4transform 4transit 6transition 6translate 2translation 3translator 3transmit 4transport 3transportation 4trap 4travel 2travel(l)er 3tray 5tread 6treason 6treasure 4treat 3treatment 4treaty 5tree 2tremble 4trend 5trial 4triangle 3tribe 5trick 3trifle 6trip 2triumph 5troop 3tropic 5tropical 5trouble 2

troublemaker 5troublesome 4trousers 1truck 2true 2truly 3trust 2truth 2try 2T-shirt 1tube 3tune 5turkey 3turn 1turning 6tutor 4twin 3twist 5type 3typewriter 3typhoon 3typical 3typist 3tyre / tire 3UFO 5ugly 1ultimate 4umbrella 1unable 3unacceptable 5unaware 5unbelievable 4uncertain 4uncle 1uncomfortable 3unconscious 4uncover 4under 1undergo 6undergraduate 4underground 2underline 3understand 2

understanding 4undertake 4underwear 3undo 6uneasy 4unexpected 4unfair 3unfortunately 4unhappy 4uniform 3union 3unique 4unit 2unite 3united 5unity 5universal 4universe 3university 3unjust 6unkind 4unknown 4unless 3unlike 3unload 4unpleasant 4unpopular 5unrest 6untidy 5untie 6until 2unusual 4unwilling 4up 1update 6upon 2upper 3upright 5uproot 6upset 3upstairs 2up-to-date 4upward(s) 4

urban 5urge 4urgent 4us 1usage 5use 1used 2useful 1useless 3user 3usual 2usually 4utility 6utmost 5utter 6vacancy 6vacant 5vacation 3vain 4valley 3valuable 3value 2van 4vanish 4vapo(u)r 4variety 4various 3vary 4vase 5vast 5VCD 2vegetable 1vehicle 4venture 6verb 4verify 6version 5very 1vest 3vice 3victim 5victory 2video 2

view 3 viewpoint 4

vigorous 5villa 6village 2villager 3violence 4violent 3violet 5violin 1virtue 6visible 4vision 5visit 1visitor 2visual 5vital 5vitamin 4vivid 3vocabulary 4vocation 5voice 2volcano 3volleyball 2volume 4voluntary 5volunteer 3vote 3voyage 4wage 4waist 3wait 2waiter 3waitress 3wake 2waken 5walk 1walkway 5wall 1wallet 3wander 4want 1war 2warm 1warmth 4

warn 3warp 6warrant 6warship 5wash 1washroom 3waste 2watch 1water 1waterfall 5watermelon 2waterproof 5wave 3wax 5way 2we 1weak 2weaken 4wealth 2wealthy 4weapon 4wear 1weather 1weave 6web 5website 3wedding 4weed 4week 1weekday 2weekend 1weekly 4weep 3weigh 2weight 2welcome 1welfare 4well 1well-known 4west 1western 2wet 1whale 3

what 1whatever 2wheat 2wheel 1when 1whenever 2where 2wherever 3whether 2which 1whichever 4while 2whip 6whisper 3whistle 3white 1who 1whoever 4whole 2whom 2whose 1why 2wide 2widen 4widespread 4widow 5width 4wife 2wild 3wildlife 3will 2willing 3win 2wind 1window 1windy 1wine 2wing 1winter 1wipe 3wire 3wisdom 4wise 2

wish 2wit 5with 1within 3without 2witness 4wolf 2woman 1wonder 2wonderful 2wood 1wooden 5wool 3word 2work 1worker 2workman 4workshop 4world 1worldwide 3worm 3worried 3worry 1worse 4worship 4worst 4worth 2worthless 4worthwhile 4worthy 3would 2wound 3

wrist 5write 1writer 4writing 5wrong 1X-ray 4yard 2yardstick 6yawn 4year 2yearly 4yell 5yellow 1yes 1yesterday 1yet 2yield 5you 1young 2your 1yours 3yourself 2youth 3yummy 3zebra 3zero 1zest 6zip (zip code(美)=postcode(英)) 3zone 4zoo 1

数词基数词 序数词

one 1st firsttwo 2nd secondthree 3rd thirdfour 4th fourthfive 5th fifthsix 6th sixthseven 7th seventheight 8th eighthnine 9th ninthten 10th tentheleven 11th eleventhtwelve 12th twelfththirteen 13th thirteenthfourteen 14th fourteenthfifteen 15th fifteenthsixteen 16th sixteenthseventeen 17th seventeentheighteen 18th eighteenthnineteen 19th nineteenthtwenty 20th twentiethtwenty-one 21st twenty-firsttwenty-two 22nd twenty-secondtwenty-three 23rd twenty-thirdthirty 30th thirtiethforty 40th fortiethfifty 50th fiftiethsixty 60th sixtiethseventy 70th seventietheighty 80th eightiethninety 90th ninetiethone hundred 100th one hundredthone hundred and one 101st one hundred and firstone hundred and two 102nd one hundred and secondthree hundred 300th three hundredthone thousand 1000th one thousandththree thousand 3000th three thousandthten thousand 10000th ten thousandthmillion 1000000th millionthbillion 1000000000th billionth

月份January (Jan.) February (Feb.)March (Mar.)April (Apr.)May (May)June (Jun.)July (Jul.)

August (Aug.)September (Sept.)October (Oct.)November (Nov.)December (Dec.)

星期Monday (Mon.)Tuesday (Tues.)Wednesday (Wed.)Thursday (Thurs.)

Friday (Fri.)Saturday (Sat.)Sunday (Sun.)

主要国家名称及相关词汇国家 COUNTRY PERSON RELATED ADJECTIVES

阿富汗 Afghanistan Afghan Afghan

阿尔及利亚 Algeria Algerian Algerian

阿根廷 Argentina Argentinean Argentinean

澳大利亚 Australia Australian Australian

奥地利 Austria Austrian Austrian

比利时 Belgium Belgian Belgian

巴西 Brazil Brazilian Brazilian

英国 Britain/U.K. UK=the United Kingdom

British British

缅甸 Burma Burmese Burmese

加拿大 Canada Canadian Canadian

中国 China Chinese Chinese

哥伦比亚 Colombia Colombian Colombian

古巴 Cuba Cuban Cuban

朝鲜 D.P.R. Korea Korean Korean

丹麦 Denmark Dane Danish

埃及 Egypt Egyptian Egyptian

芬兰 Finland Finn Finnish

法国 France French French

德国 Germany German German

希腊 Greece Greek Greek

荷兰 Holland Dutch Dutch

匈牙利 Hungary Hungarian Hungarian

印度 India Indian Indian

印度尼西亚 Indonesia Indonesian Indonesian

伊朗 Iran Iranian Iranian

伊拉克 Iraq Iraqi Iraqi

爱尔兰 Ireland Irish Irish

以色列 Israel Israeli Israeli

意大利 Italy Italian Italian

日本 Japan Japanese Japanese

约旦 Jordan Jordanian Jordanian

肯尼亚 Kenya Kenyan Kenyan

科威特 Kuwait Kuwaiti Kuwaiti

黎巴嫩 Lebanon Lebanese Lebanese

卢森堡 Luxembourg Luxembourger Luxembourgish

马来西亚 Malaysia Malaysian Malaysian

墨西哥 Mexico Mexican Mexican

荷兰 Netherlands Dutch Netherlandish /Dutch

新西兰 New Zealand New Zealander Nelanian

挪威 Norway Norwegian Norwegian

巴基斯坦 Pakistan Pakistani Pakistani

巴拿马 Panama Panamanian Panamanian

菲律宾 Philippines Filipino Philippine

波兰 Poland Polish Polish

葡萄牙 Portugal Portuguese Portuguese

俄罗斯 Russia Russian Russian

新加坡 Singapore Singaporean Singaporean

南非 South Africa South African South African

韩国 South Korea Korean Korean

西班牙 Spain Spanish Spanish

瑞典 Sweden Swede Swedish

瑞士 Switzerland Swiss Swiss

泰国 Thailand Thai Thai

土耳其 Turkey Turk Turkish

美国 U.S.A=the United States of America American American

越南 Vietnam Vietnamese Vietnamese

部分地区和城市名称AfricaAfricanAmericaAmericanArabArabia Arabian ArabicAsiaAsianAtlanticBriton EuropeEuropeanHong Kong IcelandLondon Macao

Mediterranean Middle EastMongolian MoscowMuslim New YorkOceaniaOttawaPacific ParisRoman Rome Scotch ScotlandScottishTokyoWashington Welsh

专有名词Allah Buddha Buddhism Buddhist Catholic Catholicism Celsius Christ Christian Christianity Dacron Doomsday EasterEskimo Esperanto Fahrenheit Gothic Halloween / Hallowe’en Hindi Hoover

Islam Jupiter Maori Mars Nazi Nazism Negro Nirvana Nordic Orient Puritan Sabbath Santa Claus Satan Scandinavian Thanksgiving TibetTibetanTory Tsar

United Nations UN (= the United Nations)Utopia Valentine Venus

Yankee Yank Zionism Zulu