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The Deccan Plateau and Desert

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Page 1: wifistudy: India's No. 1 Study Platform for Govt Exams - The … · 2019-04-01 · •The Vindhyan range -----•is bounded by the Central Highlands on the south and the Aravalis

The Deccan Plateau and Desert

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The Peninsular Plateau

The Peninsular plateau is a tableland composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks.

How it is made

It was formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondwana land and thus, making it a part of the oldest landmass.

प्रायद्वीपीय पठार

प्रायद्वीपीय पठार पुराने क्रिस्टलीय, आग्नेय और

कायापलट चट्टानों से बना एक टेबललैंड ह।ै

यह कैसे बनता है

इसका ननर्ााण गोंडवाना भूनर् के टूटने और

बहने के कारण हुआ था और इस प्रकार यह

सबसे पुराने भूनर्स्थल का नहस्सा बन गया।

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• The Vindhyan range ------

• is bounded by the Central Highlands on the south and the Aravalis on the northwest.

• The flow of the rivers draining this region, namely the Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa and Ken is from southwest to northeast, thus indicating the slope. The Central Highlands are wider in the west but narrower in the east.

• वविंध्य श्रेणी दनिण र्ें र्ध्य हाइलैंड्स और उत्तर पनिर् र्ें अरावली से निरा ह।ै

• इस िेत्र र्ें बहने वाली नक्रदयों का प्रवाह, चिंबल, वसिंध, बेतवा और केन दनिण पनिर् से उत्तर-पूवा र्ें ह,ै इस प्रकार ढलान का सिंकेत ह।ै सेंट्रल हाइलैंड्स पनिर् र्ें नवस्तृत लेक्रकन पूवा र्ें सिंकरा ह।ै

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• The eastward extensions of this plateau are locally known as the Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand.

• The Chotanagpur plateau marks the further eastward extension, drained by the Damodar river.

• The Deccan Plateau is a triangular landmass that lies to the south of the river Narmada.

• The Satpura range flanks its broad base in the north while the Mahadev, the Kaimur hills and the Maikal range form its eastern extensions.

• इस पठार के पूवावती नवस्तार को स्थानीय

रूप से बुिंदलेखिंड और बिेलखिंड के रूप र्ें

जाना जाता ह।ै

• छोटानागपुर का पठार, दार्ोदर नदी द्वारा

बहाए गए पूवा-पूवी नवस्तार को दर्ााता ह।ै

• दक्कन का पठार एक नत्रकोणीय भूभाग ह ैजो

नर्ादा नदी के दनिण र्ें नस्थत ह।ै

• सतपुडा श्रेणी उत्तर र्ें अपना नवस्तृत

आधार बनाती ह ैजबक्रक र्हादवे, कैर्ूर

पहानडयााँ और र्ाईकल रेंज पूवी नवस्तार के

रूप र्ें हैं।

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• An extension of the Plateau is also visible in the northeast–locally known as the Meghalaya, Karbi-Anglong Plateau and North Cachar Hills.

• It is separated by a fault from the Chotanagpur Plateau. Three Prominent hill ranges from the west to east are the Garo, the Khasi and the Jaintia Hills.

• पठार का एक नवस्तार पूवोत्तर र्ें भी

क्रदखाई दतेा ह ै- नजसे स्थानीय रूप से

र्ेिालय, काबी-एिंगलोंग पठार और उत्तरी

कछार पहानडयों के रूप र्ें जाना जाता ह।ै

• यह छोटानागपुर पठार से एक दरार से

अलग हो गया ह।ै

• पनिर् से पूवा की ओर तीन प्रर्ुख पहाडी

हैं गारो, खासी और जयिंनतया नहल्स।

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• The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats mark the western and the eastern edges of the Deccan Plateau respectively. Western Ghats lie parallel to the western coast.

• They are continuous and can be crossed through passes only.

• पनिर्ी िाट और पूवी िाट िर्र्ः डके्कन पठार के पनिर्ी और पवूी क्रकनारों को नचनननत करते हैं। पनिर्ीिाट पनिर्ी तट के सर्ानािंतर नस्थत ह।ै

• वे ननरिंतर हैं और केवल दरों के र्ाध्यर् से पार क्रकया जा सकता ह।ै

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• The Western Ghats are higher than the Eastern Ghats. Their average elevation is 900–1600 metres as against 600 metres of the Eastern Ghats.

• The Eastern Ghats stretch from the Mahanadi Valley to the Nigiris in the south.

• पश्चिमी घाट पूर्वी घाट से अश्चिकऊँचे हैं। पूर्वी घाट के 600 मीटर केमुकाबले उनकी औसत ऊंचाई900-1600 मीटर है।

• पूर्वी घाट महानदी घाटी से दश्चिण मेंश्चनश्चिररय ं तक फैला हुआ है।

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• The Western Ghats are known by different local names.

• The height of the Western Ghats progressively increases from north to south.

• The highest peaks include the Anai Mudi (2,695metres) and the Doda Betta (2,637 metres).

• Mahendragiri (1,501 metres) is the highest peak in the Eastern Ghats.

• Shevroy Hills and the Javadi Hills are located to the southeast of the Eastern Ghats.

पश्चिमी घाट क श्चर्वश्चिन्न स्थानीय नाम ंसे जाना जाता है।

पश्चिमी घाट की ऊंचाई उत्तर सेदश्चिण तक उत्तर त्तर बढ़ती है।

सबसे ऊंची च श्चटय ं में अनाई मुडी(2,695 मीटर) और ड डा बेट्टा(2,637 मीटर) शाश्चमल हैं।

महेंद्रश्चिरर (1,501 मीटर) पूर्वी घाटकी सबसे ऊंची च टी है।

शेर्वरॉय श्चहल्स और जार्वडी श्चहल्स पूर्वीघाट के दश्चिण-पूर्वव में स्स्थत हैं।

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• One of the distinct features of the peninsular plateau is the black soil area known as DeceanTrap.

• This is of volcanic origin hence the rocks are igneous. Actually these rocks have denuded over time and are responsible for the formation of black soil.

• प्रायद्वीपीय पठार की श्चर्वश्चशष्टश्चर्वशेषताओं में से एक काली श्चमट्टीका िेत्र है श्चजसे डेक्कन टर ैप के रूपमें जाना जाता है।

• यह ज्वालामुखी मूल का है इसश्चलएचट्टानें आगे्नय हैं। र्वास्तर्व में इनचट्टान ं ने समय के साथ खंडन श्चकयाहै और काली श्चमट्टी के श्चनमावण केश्चलए श्चजमे्मदार हैं।

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• The Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert, is a large arid region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent that covers an area of 200,000 km² and forms a natural boundary between India and Pakistan.

• It is the world's 17th largest desert, and the world's 9th largest subtropical desert.

• About 85% of the Thar Desert is located within India, with the remaining 15% in Pakistan.

• The Thar desert forms approximately 5%(~4.56%) of the total geographic area of India.

• More than 60% of the desert lies in the state of Rajasthan, and extends into Gujarat, Punjab, and Haryana.

• थार रेश्चिस्तान, श्चजसे गे्रट इंश्चडयन डेजटव केरूप में िी जाना जाता है, िारतीयउपमहाद्वीप के उत्तर-पश्चिमी िाि में एकबडा शुष्क िेत्र है ज 200,000 र्विव श्चकमीके िेत्र क कर्वर करता है और िारत औरपाश्चकस्तान के बीच एक प्राकृश्चतक सीमाबनाता है।

• यह दुश्चनया का 17 र्वां सबसे बडा रेश्चिस्तानहै, और दुश्चनया का 9 र्वां सबसे बडाउप ष्णकश्चटबंिीय रेश्चिस्तान है।

• थार मरुस्थल का लििि 85% िारत केिीतर स्स्थत है, शेष 15% पाश्चकस्तान मेंहै।

• थार रेश्चिस्तान िारत के कुल िौि श्चलकिेत्र का लििि 5% (~ 4.56%) बनाताहै।

• रेश्चिस्तान का 60% से अश्चिक राजस्थानराज्य में है, और िुजरात, पंजाब औरहररयाणा में फैला हुआ है।

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The Indian Desert

• The Indian desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravali Hills. It is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand dunes.

• This region receives very low rainfall below 150 mm per year.

• It has arid climate with low vegetation cover.

• Luni is the only large river in this region.

• Barchans (crescent shaped dunes) coverlarger areas but longitudinal dunes become more prominent near the Indo-Pakistan boundary.

• भारतीय रेनगस्तान

• भारतीय रेनगस्तान अरावली पहानडयों के पनिर्ी हानर्ये पर नस्थत ह।ै यह रेत के टीलों से ढका हुआ एक रेतीला र्दैान ह ै

• इस िेत्र र्ें प्रनत वर्ा 150 नर्र्ी से कर् वर्ाा होती ह।ै

• इसकी जलवायु कर् वनस्पनत आवरण के साथ होती ह।ै

• लूनी इस िेत्र की एकर्ात्र बडी नदी ह।ै

• बरखान (अधाचिंद्राकार टटब्बा) कवरलैगर िेत्र हैं लेक्रकन अनुदधै्या टटब्बा भारत-पाक्रकस्तान सीर्ा के पास अनधक प्ररु्ख हो जाते हैं।

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The western coastal strip south of Goa is referred to as

Coromandel

Kannad

Konkan

Northern Circar

गोवा के दनिण र्ें पनिर्ी तटीय पट्टी को क्रकस नार् से जाना जाता है

कोरोर्िंडल

कन्नड

कोंकण

उत्तरी सरकार

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The Thar desert lies in which of te following region?

Tropical Region

Subtropical Region

Equatorial Region

Polar Region

थार र्रुस्थल ननम्ननलनखत र्ें से क्रकस िेत्र र्ें नस्थत है?

उष्णकटटबिंधीय िेत्र

उपोष्णकटटबिंधीय िेत्र

भूर्ध्यरेखीय िेत्र

ध्रुवीय िेत्र

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Which is the only river that integrated into the Thar desert?

Chambal

Luni

Sabarmati

Mahi

थार र्रुस्थल र्ें एकीकृत होने वाली एकर्ात्र नदी कौन सी है?

चिंबल

लूनी

साबरर्ती

र्ाही

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The Deccan Plateau extends over how many Indian states?

5

6

11

8

दक्कन के पठार का नवस्तार क्रकतने भारतीय राज्यों र्ें है?

5

6

11

8

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The Deccan Plateau covers approximate what percentage of Indian landmass?

33

43

52

60

दक्कन का पठार लगभग क्रकतने प्रनतर्त भारतीय भू-भाग को सर्ानहत करता ह?ै

33

43

52

60

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Which flora and fauna species are mainly found in the Thardesert?

Blackbuck

Indian Gazelle

Khejri Tree

All of these

थार रेनगस्तान र्ें र्ुख्य रूप से कौन सी वनस्पनत और जीव प्रजानतयााँ पाई जाती हैं?

काला नहरन

भारतीय गेजल

खेजडी का पेड

ये सभी

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Which of the following statement is correct?

The Deccan Plateau is higher in the west and slopes gently eastwards.

The forests on the plateau are older than the Himalayan mountains.

The Godavari River drain most of the northern portion of the plateau.

All of these

ननम्ननलनखत र्ें से कौन सा कथन सही ह?ै

दक्कन का पठार पनिर् र्ें ऊाँ चा ह ैऔर ढलान पूवा की ओर।

पठार पर नस्थत जिंगल नहर्ालय केपहाडों से भी पुराने हैं।

गोदावरी नदी पठार के अनधकािंर् उत्तरी भाग र्ें बहती ह।ै

ये सभी

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Which is the highest peak of Western Ghats?

Doddabetta

Anamudi

Mukurthi

Kolaribetta

पनिर्ी िाट की सबसे ऊाँ ची चोटी कौन सी ह?ै

डोडाबेट्टा

अनाईर्दुी

र्ुकुथी

कोलरी बेट्टा

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