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Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statistics

Wind in power 2017

windeurope.org

Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsPublished February 2018

Wind in power 2017

TEXT AND ANALYSIS: WindEurope Business IntelligenceDaniel Fraile (Installation and generation highlights)Ariola Mbistrova (Financing highlights)

EDITORS:

Iván Pineda, WindEuropePierre Tardieu, WindEurope

DESIGN:

Laia Miró, WindEurope

FINANCE DATA:

Clean Energy PipelineAll currency conversions made at EUR/GBP 0.8774 and EUR to USD 1.1330Figures include estimates for undisclosed values

PHOTO COVER:

Courtesy of Pixabay/Distel2610

WINDEUROPE ACKNOWLEDGES THE KIND COOPERATION OF THE FOLLOWING ASSOCIATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS:

IG Windkraft (AT) - BOP, EDORA and ODE (BE) - BGWEA (BG) - RP Global Projekti (HR) - K. Ellinas Energy (CY) - CSVE (CZ) - DWIA (DK) - Tuulenergia (EE) - SEV (FO) - Suomen Tuulivoimayhdistys ry (FI) - France Énergie Éolienne and Syndicat des Énergies Renouvelables (FR) - BWE, VDMA and Stiftung Offshore Windenergie (DE) - HWEA (EL) - HWIA (HU) - IWEA (IE) - Landsvirkjun (IS) - ANEV and as-soRinnovabili (IT) - LWEA (LV) - LWPA (LT) - Energy Institute Hrvoje Pozar (HR) - Ministry of Sustainable Development and Infrastruc-tures (LU) - NWEA (NL) - PWEA (PL) - APREN (PT) - NorWEA (NO) - RWEA (RO) - Continental Wind Partners (SRB) - Slovak Renewable Energy Agency (SK) - RAWI (RS) - Svenskvindenergi (SE) - AEE (ES) - Suisse Eole (CH) - TÜREB (TK) - UWEA (UA) - RenewableUK (UK).

MORE INFORMATION:

[email protected]+32 2 213 18 68

This report summarises new installations and financing activity in Europe’s wind farms from 1 January to 31 December 2017.

WindEurope regularly surveys the industry to determine the level of installations of wind farms, and the subsequent dispatch of first power to the grid. The data represents gross installations per site and country unless otherwise stated. Rounding of figures is at the discretion of the author.

DISCLAIMER

This publication contains information collected on a regular basis throughout the year and then verified with relevant members of the industry ahead of publication. Neither WindEurope, nor its members, nor their related entities are, by means of this publication, rendering professional advice or services. Neither WindEurope nor its members shall be responsible for any loss whatsoever sustained by any person who relies on this publication.

This report was modified from the initial version published on 13 February. Please refer to the footnote in page 9 for more information.

CO

NTE

NTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................ 6

1. ANNUAL POWER GENERATION CAPACITY ..................................................... 10

1.1 New wind power in 2017 ..................................................................................... 10

1.2 Total new power generation in 2017 .............................................................. 11

1.3 New renewable power in 2017 ......................................................................... 13

2. TRENDS AND CUMULATIVE INSTALLATIONS ................................................. 14

2.1 Renewable power capacity .............................................................................. 14

2.2 Net changes in eu installed power capacity 2000-2017 ........................ 15

2.3 Total installed power capacity ........................................................................ 15

3. A CLOSER LOOK AT NEW WIND POWER CAPACITY .................................... 17

3.1 Onshore and offshore annual installations ......................................................... 17

3.2 National breakdown of new wind power installations ............................. 18

3.3 Onshore and offshore cumulative wind power installations .................. 20

3.4 Wind power generation .................................................................................... 21

3.5 Onshore wind turbines ...................................................................................... 23

4. INVESTMENT NUMBERS IN 2017 ......................................................................... 24

6 Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYEurope installed 16.8 GW (15.6 GW in the EU) of gross additional wind power capacity in 2017, marking a record year on annual installations. With a total net installed ca-pacity of 168.7 GW, wind energy remains the second larg-

est form of power generation capacity in Europe, closely approaching gas installations.

FIGURE 1 Total power generation capacity in the European Union 2005-2017

Source: WindEurope

0

50

100

150

200

250

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

GW

Large HydroBiomass

WindNuclear

GasSolar PV

CoalFuel Oil

2007: Wind overtakes fuel oil as the 5th largest form of power generation capacity.

2016: Wind overtakes coal as the 2nd largest form of power generation capacity.

2013: Wind overtakes nuclear as the 4th largest form of power generation capacity.

2015: Wind overtakes hydro as the 3rd largest form of power generation capacity.

7Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope

Executive summary

2017 annual figures

• Europe installed 15,638 MW of new wind power capacity during 2017, an increase of 25% compared to 2016 annual installations. 12,484 MW were onshore, and 3,154 MW were offshore.

• 2017 was a record year for both onshore and offshore installations. Onshore installations grew 14.3% while offshore grew 101% compared to 2016.

• Wind power installed more than any other form of power generation in Europe in 2017. Wind power accounted for 55% of total power capacity installations.

• Renewable energy accounted for 85% of all new EU power installations in 2017: 23.9 GW of a total 28.3 GW of new power capacity.

• With 336 TWh generated in 2017, wind power covered an average 11.6% of the EU’s electricity demand.

• 2017 saw €22.3bn in new investments announced in wind energy. This will finance the development of 11.5 GW of new wind farms. €14.8bn of this was for onshore wind, and €7.5bn for offshore. Overall, this was 19% less than the total investment in 2016.

• Wind energy investments accounted for 52% of the new clean energy finance in 2017, compared to 86% in 2016.

Trends and cumulative installations

• There are now 168.7 GW of installed wind power capacity in the EU: 153 GW onshore and 15.8 GW offshore.

• Wind energy now accounts for 18% of EU’s total installed power generation capacity.

• The total net EU-installed power generation capacity increased by 18.8 GW in 2017 to 937 GW.

• Conventional power sources such as fuel oil and coal continue to decommission more capacity than they install. The amount of decommissioned gas-fired generation capacity was almost equal to the amount of newly-commissioned gas-fired generation capacity.

Country highlights

• Germany installed the most wind power capacity in 2017, with 42% of the total EU new installations.

• Germany remains the EU country with the largest installed wind power capacity, followed by Spain, the UK and France. 16 EU countries have more than 1 GW of wind power installed. Nine of these have more than 5 GW installed.

• Six EU countries had a record year in new wind energy installations in 2016: Germany (6.6 GW), the UK (4.3 GW), France (1.7 GW), Belgium (476 MW), Ireland (426 MW) and Croatia (147 MW).

• Denmark is the country with the largest share of wind energy in its electricity demand with 44%. Germany registered the highest annual increase from 16% to 20% of wind energy in its electricity demand.

56

6.6

2.8

0.2

3.1

0.4

9.5

0.2

6.9

0.8

2.6

0.3

3

0.005

0.3

0.03

0.3-

0.003-

0.003-

0.60.1

0.2-

WIND ENERGYCOVERED

OF EU ELECTRICITYDEMAND IN 2017

11.6%16.8 GWTOTAL EUROPE

OF NEW WIND POWERIN THE EU

15.6 GW

0-10%

10-20%

20-30%

30-40%

40-50%

Shareof wind

in power demand

GW

New addedcapacityin 2017

Cumulativeinstalledcapacity

2.8

0.5

1.2

0.3

4.3

0.08

5.8

0.04

5.3

-

13.8

1.7

23.2

0.1

0.3-

0.5-

0.07-

0.1-

0.07-

-

5.5

0.3

18.9

4.3

6.7

0.2

2.1

0.5

0.7-

Source: WindEurope


1. 2017 onshore wind capacity in Finland was revised down from 517MW to 475 MW from the version published on 13 February 2018.2. 2016 onshore wind capacity in Poland was revised down from 1,255 MW to 682 MW from the version published on 13 February 2018.

Executive summary

TABLE 1 Cumulative and new installed wind power capacity in 2016 and 2017

EU-28 (MW) INSTALLED 2016

END 2016

INSTALLED 2017END 2017ON-

SHOREOFF-

SHORE

Austria 228 2,632 196 - 2,828

Belgium 168 2,378 302 165 2,843

Bulgaria - 691 - - 691

Croatia 79 466 147 - 613

Cyprus - 158 - - 158

Czech Republic - 281 26 - 308

Denmark 223 5,230 342 - 5,476

Estonia 7 310 - - 310

Finland 570 1,539 4751 60 2,071

France 1,561 12,065 1,692 2 13,759

Germany 5,443 50,019 5,334 1,247 56,132

Greece 234 2,369 282 - 2,651

Hungary - 329 - - 329

Ireland 255 2,701 426 - 3,127

Italy 283 9,227 252 - 9,479

Latvia 7 70 - - 66

Lithuania 178 493 - - 493

Luxembourg 56 120 - - 120

Malta - - - - -

Netherlands 887 4,328 81 - 4,341

Poland 6822 5,807 41 - 5,848

Portugal 268 5,316 - - 5,316

Romania 48 3,024 5 - 3,029

Slovakia - 3 - - 3

Slovenia - 3 - - 3

Spain 49 23,075 96 - 23,170

Sweden 468 6,494 197 - 6,691

UK 796 14,602 2,590 1,680 18,872

Total EU-28 12,489 153,731 12,484 3,154 168,729

CANDIDATE COUNTRIES

(MW)

INSTALLED 2016

END 2016


SHOREOFF-

SHORE

FYROM - 37 - - 37

Serbia - 10 8 - 18

Turkey 1,397 6,091 766 - 6,857

Total 1,397 6,138 774 - 6,912

EFTA (MW) INSTALLED 2016

END 2016


SHOREOFF-

SHORE

Iceland - 3 - - 3

Liechtenstein - - - - -

Norway 16 838 324 - 1,162

Switzerland 15 70 - - 70

Total 31 911 324 - 1,235

OTHER (MW)

INSTALLED 2016

END 2016


SHOREOFF-

SHORE

Belarus - 3 - - 3

Faroe Islands - 18 - - 18

Russia - 15 - - 15

Ukraine 12 526 68 - 593

Total 12 563 68 - 631

INSTALLED 2016

END 2016


SHOREOFF-

SHORE

Total 13,928 161,342 13,649 3,154 177,506


1.1 NEW WIND POWER IN 2017

Europe insalled 16.8 GW of wind power in 2017, 15.6 GW of which were installed in the European Union.

FIGURE 2 EU country shares of new wind energy capacity installed during 2017. Total: 15,638 MW

Source: WindEurope

ANNUAL POWER GENERATION CAPACITY

1.

Finland535 MW3.4%

Belgium467 MW3.0%

Ireland426 MW2.7%

Denmark342 MW2.2%

Greece282 MW1.8%

Italy252 MW1.6%

Sweden197 MW1.3%

Austria196 MW1.3%

Croatia147 MW0.9%

Spain96 MW0.6%

Netherlands81 MW0.5% Poland

41 MW0.3%

Czech Republic26 MW0.2%

Romania5 MW0.0%

Germany6,581 MW42.0%

UK4,270 MW27.2%

France1,694 MW10.8%


3. 2017 CSP capacity was revised up from 0 to 118 MW from the version published on 13 February 2018.

Annual market in 2017

1.2 TOTAL NEW POWER GENERATION IN 2017

FIGURE 3 Share of new installed capacity. Total 28,316 MW

Source: WindEurope, Platts, SolarPower Europe, Ocean Energy Europe

Of the capacity installed in the EU, 12,484 MW was on-shore and 3,154 MW offshore. The annual onshore in-stallations increased by 14%, while offshore installations doubled. Overall, the volume of new installations was 25% up on the 2016 figure.

Germany installed the most wind power capacity in 2017, with 6,581 MW of new capacity (a 15% increase on 2016 and a record year); 19% of the installed capacity in Ger-many was offshore. The UK came second with 4,270 MW installations, five times more than installations in 2016.

France came third with 1,694 MW (9% growth on the pre-vious year).

Finland (535 MW), Belgium (467 MW) and Ireland (426 MW) followed, with additions all above 400 MW and reaching record levels of installation.

The top six countries in 2017 all reached their highest an-nual installation figures.

In total, 17 countries saw some new installations last year, down from 2016 with 20 countries. There were no new in-stallations in the Baltic countries. The Czech Republic had new installations (26 MW) after two years of inactivity.

80% of the total new installations took place in just three countries, a considerable increase in the concentration of power capacity compared to 2016.

Gas2,612 MW9.2%

Biomass964 MW3.4%

Large Hydro1,085 MW3.8%

Coal1,741 MW6.1%

CSP3

118 MW0.5%

Waste80 MW0.3%

Nuclear28 MW0.1%

Small Hydro17 MW0.1%Ocean3 MW0.0%

Wind15,638 MW55.2%

Solar PV6,030 MW21.3%

6 EU COUNTRIESHAD A RECORD YEAR IN WIND ENERGY INSTALLATIONS



In 2017 28.3 GW of new gross power generation capacity were installed in the EU, 9% more than in 2016.

Wind power was the energy technology with the highest capacity installations in 2017. With 15.6 GW, it accounted for 55.2% of all new installations. Solar PV came second with 6 GW (21.5%) and gas followed with 2.6 GW (9.2%).

Coal added 1.7 GW of new capacity (6.1% of total installa-tions), hydro installed 1 GW (3.9%) and biomass 964 MW (3.4%).

During 2017 countries decommissioned 7.5 GW of coal capacity, 2.2 GW of gas capacity, and 2.1 GW of fuel oil capacity. 640 MW of wind power were decommissioned.

55% OF NEW POWER CAPACITYIN THE EU CAME FROM WIND

FIGURE 4

Newly installed and decommissioned capacity in the European Union

Source: WindEurope, Platts, SolarPower Europe, Ocean Energy Europe

15,638

6,030

9642,612

1,085 80 0 118 01,741

(-640)(-2,256)

0 0

(-2,197)

(-7,510)-10,000

-5,000

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

Wind SolarPV

Biomass Gas Hydro Waste Peat CSP Fuel Oil Coal

MW

New capacity installed Capacity decommissioned



FIGURE 5 Share of new renewable power installations. Total: 23,935 MW

Source: WindEurope

1.3 NEW RENEWABLE POWER IN 2017

In 2017 renewables accounted for a total of 23.9 GW of new capacity, 85% of all new installed capacity in the EU-28. This was the tenth consecutive year in which renewa-bles contributed over 55% of all additional power capacity in the EU.

85% OF NEW POWER CAPACITYIN THE EU CAME FROM RENEWABLES

Biomass964 MW4.0%

Large Hydro1,085 MW4.5%

Waste80 MW0.3%

CSP118 MW0.5%

Small Hydro17 MW0.1%

Wind15,638 MW65.3%

Solar PV6,030 MW25.2%


FIGURE 6

Annual installed capacity and renewable share

Source: WindEurope

2.1 RENEWABLE POWER CAPACITY

In 2000 new renewable power capacity installations were a mere 2.7 GW, accounting for less than 20% of new pow-er installations that year. Since 2007 the share of renewa-bles has been more than 50% of new power installations. As from 2011, this share has been 70% or higher, with

annual additions of between 20 and 34 GW every year. Europe installed 495 GW of new power capacity since 2000, 33% of which has been wind power and 60% of which has been renewables.

TRENDS AND CUMULATIVE INSTALLATIONS

2.

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

20102011

20122013

20142015

20162017 S

hare

of

RE

S in

tot

al i

nsta

llati

ons

MW

Wind

Solar PVGas

CoalNuclear Fuel Oil Large Hydro

Biomass OtherPeat Small Hydro

Waste

Geothermal

Other GasCSP

Ocean

RES share



FIGURE 7 Net electricity installations in the EU from 2000 to 2017

Source: WindEurope

2.2 NET CHANGES IN EU INSTALLED POWER CAPACITY 2000-2017Since 2000 the net growth of wind power (157.7 GW), so-lar PV (107.3 GW) and gas (96.7 GW) capacity has coincid-ed with the net reduction in fuel oil (down by 40.4 GW), coal (down by 41.2 GW) and nuclear (down by 17.2 GW).

The EU’s power sector continues to move away from fuel oil, coal and nuclear while increasing its total installed generation capacity with wind, solar PV and other renew-

ables. With a net growth of 96.7 GW since 2000, gas re-mains the technology with the largest installed capacity in the EU.

158.3

107.3 96.7

10.5 9.0 2.9 2.3 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.0

(-17.2)(-41.2) (-40.4)

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

Wind

Solar P

VGas

Biomass

Large H

ydro

Wast

eCSP

Other G

as

Small H

ydro

Geotherm

al

Peat

Ocean

Nuclear

Coal

Fuel Oil

GW

2.3 TOTAL INSTALLED POWER CAPACITY

The share of wind power in the EU’s total installed power capacity has increased from 6% in 2005 to 18% in 2017. Having overtaken coal in 2016 as the second largest form of power generation capacity in the EU, wind power is

now closely catching up with gas. Wind remains the first among renewables. Over the same period renewables in-creased their share from 26% of total power capacity in 2005 to 47% in 2017.

WIND REMAINS THE 2nd

LARGEST POWER GENERATING

CAPACITY IN THE EU



FIGURE 8Share in installed capacity in 2005 and 2017

Source: WindEurope

Wind169 GW18.0%

Solar PV107 GW11.5%

Gas188 GW20.1%

Coal148 GW15.8%

Nuclear118 GW12.6%

Fuel Oil29 GW3.0%

Large Hydro137 GW14.6%

Biomass15 GW1.6%

Other27 GW2.8%

Wind41 GW6.0%

Solar PV2 GW0.3%

Fuel Oil52 GW7.7%

Gas138 GW20.5%

Coal167 GW24.8%

Nuclear131 GW19.4%

Large Hydro120 GW17.7%

Biomass7 GW1.0%

Other18 GW2.6%

2005 2017


3.1 ONSHORE AND OFFSHORE ANNUAL INSTALLATIONS

Annual wind power installations in the EU have increased steadily over the past 12 years from 6.6 GW in 2005 to 15.6 GW in 2017, breaking all previous records.

Offshore wind represented 20% of the annual EU instal-lations, with 3,154 MW of new capacity connected to the grid in 2017. This was double than 2016 and a slight in-crease compared to 2015, which was an exceptional year due to the resolving of grid connection delays in Germany.

A CLOSER LOOK AT NEW WIND POWER CAPACITY

3.

FIGURE 9 Annual onshore and offshore wind installations in the EU

Source: WindEurope

6.5 7.18.6 8.1

9.7 9.0 8.910.9 10.0 10.5 9.8

10.9 12.50.1 0.1

0.3 0.3

0.6 0.9 0.8

1.2 1.6 1.53.0 1.6

3.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

GW

onshore offshore


A closer look at wind power installations

4. Central Eastern Europe includes Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Croatia, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Cyprus, Malta and Slovakia.

5. Offshore Wind in 2017, WindEurope, February 2018.

3.2 NATIONAL BREAKDOWN OF NEW WIND POWER INSTALLATIONSIn 2017 42% of new wind energy capacity was installed in Germany, slightly lower than in 2016 with 44%. The UK and Ireland significantly increased their share in new ca-pacity, from 8% in 2016 to 30% last year. France and Bene-lux remained the third largest region with 14% of the new installed capacity, down from 20% in 2016. Installations

in the Iberian Peninsula, Italy and Greece remained very modest, with only 6% of the EU total. Wind power installa-tions in countries that joined the EU after 2005 represent-ed just 1%, down from 10% in 2016.

FIGURE 10Geographical concentration of the annual wind power installations4

Source: WindEurope

0%10%

20%

30%40%50%60%

70%80%90%

100%

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

20102011

20122013

20142015

20162017

Germany Iberian peninsula, Italy & Greece France & BeneluxNordics & Austria UK & Ireland Central and Eastern Europe

Germany installed a record 6,581 MW of wind energy, largely due to the end of its feed-in-tariff regime and the entry of feed-in-premiums with auctions. Similarly, the UK experienced the largest growth of installations with 4,270 MW as the support framework (ROCs – Renewable Obli-gation Certificates) came to an end and developers rushed to ensure applicability for the outgoing regime (onshore installations). In both countries, offshore installations represented a large share of all grid-connected projects thanks to very large wind farms coming into operation5.

The French onshore market, supported by a favoura-ble regulatory regime, continued to grow steadily for its fourth consecutive year, reaching their best ever result with 1,692 MW. Belgium (476 MW) and Ireland (426 MW)

continued to build and connect wind farms at a strong pace, breaking their own national records. Importantly, Finland saw it first commercial offshore installation. Den-mark had strong onshore installations (342 MW) while no new offshore installations have been registered since

80% OF WIND POWER IN THE EUWAS INSTALLED IN JUST 3 COUNTRIES: GERMANY, THE UK AND FRANCE



6. The ratio of installed capacity to average power consumption is an indicator that reflects the size of national wind energy markets relative to their electricity demand. It is a performance indicator to compare annual installations between distinct countries.

FIGURE 112017 installed wind energy capacity onshore and offshore. Total: 15,638 MW

Source: WindEurope

2013. In Greece, onshore installations have been growing for 4 consecutive years (272 MW). On the other hand, Ita-ly (255 MW) is far from the rate of installations registered between 2008 and 2012 (above 1,000 MW annually). Cro-atia (147 MW) broke a record, doubling its installations

from the previous year. Poland (41 MW) had the largest decrease compared to the last two years (above 1,200 MW). Similarly, Sweden and Austria have continued to de-crease since 2014, when they experienced their highest values.

6,581

4,270

1,694

535 467 426 342 282 252 197 196 147 96 81 41 26 50

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Germany UK

France

Finland

Belgium

Irela

nd

Denmark

Greece

Italy

Sweden

Austria

Croatia

Spain

Netherla

nds

Poland

Czech

Republic

Romania

MW

Onshore Offshore

IRELAND IS THE COUNTRY WITH MOST NEW WIND CAPACITY RELATIVE TO ITS TOTAL POWER CONSUMPTION

With a newly-installed wind capacity of 426 MW and an average power consumption of 3 GW (ratio of 14%), Ire-land is the country with the highest level of new installed wind capacity relative to its total power consumption. Germany (12%) and the UK (12%) follow closely.

TABLE 2 Top 10 countries of wind power installations relative to their power consumption6

RANKING COUNTRY RATIO

1 Ireland 14%

2 Germany 12%

3 UK 12%

4 Finland 6%

5 Belgium 5%

RANKING COUNTRY RATIO

6 Greece 5%

7 Denmark 4%

8 France 3%

9 Austria 3%

10 Sweden 1%



3.3 ONSHORE AND OFFSHORE CUMULATIVE WIND POWER INSTALLATIONS168.7 GW are now installed in the European Union, a growth of 10% compared to 2016. Germany remains the EU country with the largest installed capacity, followed by Spain, the UK, France and Italy. Four other EU countries (Sweden, Poland, Portugal and Denmark) have more than 5 GW installed. Seven additional EU countries have over 1 GW of installed capacity: Austria, Belgium, Finland, Greece, Ireland, the Netherlands and Romania.

168.7 GW OF WIND POWER ARE NOW INSTALLED IN THE EU

FIGURE 12 Cumulative installations onshore and offshore in the EU. Total: 168.7 GW

Source: WindEurope

40 4756 64

73 8291

101111

121121

141153

0.70.8

1.11.5

2.13.0

3.8

5.0

6.6

8.1

11

13

15.8

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

GW

Onshore Offshore

Over half of all wind power installations in the EU are in three countries. Germany (56.1 GW), Spain (23.2 GW) and the UK (18.9 GW) together represent 58% of all the cumulative installed capacity. France, Italy and Sweden follow with

13.8 GW (8% of total EU capacity), 9.5 GW (6%) and 6.7 GW (4%) respectively.



7. At time of publication, generation data for Luxemburg and Croatia was not available.

FIGURE 13 Cumulative installations onshore and offshore by country. Total: 168.7 GW

Source: WindEurope

56.1

23.2

18.9

13.8

9.56.7 5.8 5.5 5.3 4.3 3.1 3 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.1 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Ger

ma

nyS

pa

in UK

Fra

nce

Ita

lyS

wed

enP

ola

ndD

enm

ark

Por

tuga

lN

ethe

rla

nds

Irel

and

Rom

ani

aB

elgi

umA

ustr

iaG

reec

eF

inla

ndB

ulga

ria

Cro

ati

aLi

thua

nia

Hun

gary

Est

onia

Cze

ch R

epub

licC

ypru

sLu

xem

bou

rgLa

tvia

Slo

veni

aS

lova

kia

Ma

lta

GW

Onshore Offshore

0.1 0.0

3.4 WIND POWER GENERATION

In 2017 wind energy generated enough electricity to meet 11.6% of the EU-28’s total electricity demand7.

TABLE 3 Electricity production from wind power (TWh)

TOTAL EU ELECTRICITY

CONSUMPTION (TWh)

ONSHORE WIND ENERGY PRODUCTION

(TWh)

OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY PRODUCTION

(TWh)

TOTAL WIND ENERGY

PRODUCTION (TWh)

SHARE OF EU CONSUMPTION MET BY WIND

ENERGY

2,906 292 43 336 11.6%

Denmark was the EU country with the highest penetration rate (44%), followed by Portugal (24%) and Ireland (24%). Germany registered the highest increase from the previ-ous year, now covering over 20% of its annual demand. 10

out of the 28 Member States had a wind penetration rate of more than 10%.



8. The figures represent the average of the penetration rates captured hourly from ENTSO-E and corrected thanks to national TSOs and BEIS data. All European countries data is not available.

FIGURE 14

Percentage of the average annual electricity demand covered by wind8

Source: WindEurope

0%

0%

0%

0%

0.1%

0.9%

1.6%

1.6%

1.8%

2.0%

3.7%

4.6%

4.8%

4.9%

5.2%

6.0%

8.3%

8.5%

8.5%

9.6%

10.5%

10.6%

12.2%

12.5%

13.5%

18.6%20.8%

24.0%

24.2%

44.4%

11.6%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Montenegro

Serbia

Slovakia

Slovenia

Switzerland

Czech Republic

FYR Macedonia

Hungary

Latvia

Norway

Bulgaria

Cyprus

France

Finland

Italy

Belgium

Greece

Estonia

Poland

Netherlands

Lithuania

Austria

Romania

Sweden

United Kingdom

Spain

Germany

Ireland

Portugal

Denmark

EU-28

wind onshore wind offshore



3.5 WIND TURBINES SIZE

The size and type of wind turbines installed in the EU in 2017 varied significantly between countries. The onshore wind turbines in Denmark and Finland had an average power rating of 3.4 MW. Spain had an average rating of less than 2 MW. The average onshore turbine size was 2.7 MW.

The offshore wind turbines in the UK and Germany had an average power rating of 6.0 and 5.6 MW respectively. By con-trast, all the turbines installed in Belgium belong to a project that started in 2009 and thus uses older turbine models (3.3 MW). In France, the relatively low rating (2 MW) is due to the type of project (demo floating wind turbine).

The differences observed in onshore wind turbine ratings in the different countries are due to three main factors:• regulatory restrictions on tip height• duration of projects and• wind speeds.

For offshore wind turbines, the main difference observed in sizes per country is due to:• the year of consent for specific projects, and • whether they are floating.

FIGURE 15Number of turbines installed in 2017 and their average power rating – Onshore

Source: WindEurope

FIGURE 16Number of turbines installed in 2017 and their average power rating – Offshore

Source: WindEurope

1,792

1,067714

164 153 136 111 100 63 63 50 11 500.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.0

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

Germany

UK

France

Irela

nd

Finland

Greece

Belgium

Denmark

Sweden

Austria

Croatia

Czech

Republic

Romania

Number of turbines Average size (MW)

281

222

5017

10

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

UK Germany Belgium Finland France

Number of turbines installed Average Turbine size (MW)


9. Figures include only new asset financing. Project refinancing and public markets are not included in the investment activity.

FIGURE 17New asset finance in wind energy 2010 – 20179

Source: WindEurope

INVESTMENT NUMBERS IN 2017

4.

8.1 6.5 6.7 7.2

12.3 13.1

9.3

14.8 8.4

6.1 5.0 7.2

8.8

13.1 18.2

7.5

8.9

6.3 5.8 6.7

10.0 9.7 10.3

11.5

0123456789101112

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

New

ca

pa

city

fin

anc

ed (G

W)

New

ass

ets

fina

nced

(€b

n)

Onshore Wind Offshore Wind New Capacity Financed

2017 was a record year for new capacity financed. In total, 11.5 GW worth of projects reached Final Investment Deci-sion (FID): 2.5 GW in offshore and 9 GW in onshore wind. This compares to 10.3 GW in FIDs in 2016.

However, in monetary terms investments were down by 19% to €22.3bn. This is due to lower offshore wind in-

vestments and cost reductions in the industry. While off-shore wind energy investments dropped by 60%, down to €7.5bn, onshore investments hit a record level of €14.8bn. Cost reductions across the industry’s value chain and increased industry competition have made it possible for investors to finance more capacity for less cash.


Investment numbers in 2017

10. Figures include only new asset financing. Residential ownership is not included in new investment numbers.

FIGURE 19Clean energy investments in 2017 (€bn)10

Wind energy investments in 2017 were less geographical-ly concentrated than in 2016. The top three investor coun-tries owned only 64% of FID announcements in 2017. This compares to 73% in 2016. Investments in non-EU coun-tries have increased, with a total of €2.9bn, or 13% of the new announced FIDs.

Germany was the biggest investor in 2017. They generat-ed a total financing activity of €6.7bn for the construction of new onshore and offshore wind farms. This accounts for 30% of the total wind energy investments made in 2017. The UK came second to Germany with €5bn, or 22% of the total wind energy investments in 2017.

FIGURE 18 New asset financing in 2017 by country (€bn)

Source: WindEurope

6.7

5.0

2.6

1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.5

Germany UK Sweden Russia France Spain Italy Greece Ireland Norway Serbia Others

52%OF RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENTS IN WIND ENERGY Wind energy

€22.3bn

Solar€10.9bn

Offshore€7.5bn

Onshore€14.8bn

Biofuels€6.5bn

Biomass€2.3bn

Others€0.7bn

Wind energy investments accounted for 52% of the new clean energy finance in 2017, compared to 86% in 2016.

Onshore wind projects alone generated 35% of the total investment activity in the renewable energy sector.

Source: WindEurope

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