wind power il&fs energy development company limited (iedcl) global technology trends in wind...

WIND POWER

IL&FS Energy Development Company Limited (IEDCL)

Global Technology Trends in Wind Power: R&D & Commercial

Rajsekhar BudhavarapuChief Technology Officer ( Renewable Investments)IL&FS Energy Development Company Limited

IEDCL Wind Development & Advisory Services

1. Challenge

2. Wind Energy Estimation

3. Wind farm Design Optimization

4. Up Scaling

5. Grid Compatibility

6. Technology view into future

7. Quality Assurance

8. Wind farm Power Control

9. Improving Performance : O&M

10. Policy Framework Design

11. Virtual Power Plants and Micro-grids

Presentation Structure

IL&FS Energy Development Company Limited (IEDCL) IEDCL Wind Development & Advisory Services

Source: H. Beurskens, L. Hamilton

1997 1991

2000

2009

Trend of EWEA forecasts

The Challenge-Credibility


Comparison of Global and India Wind Energy Scenario

Even with an advanced or optimistic realization in 2020, GWEC is projecting only an 18% share of electricity for wind energy in India, requiring 134 GW of wind power capacity.

Source : GWEC report on India Wind Energy Outlook 2009


Capacity or Production PENETRATION

1. Mere installed capacity does not provide wind power production share.

2. The goal should be the ability to supply X% of the electricity consumption.

3. Produced energy depends on the wind resource/siting, appropriate technology, grid capacity and a flexible & stable power system.

4. Wind energy investments depends on stable policies, attractive tariffs and “business case certainty”.

5. Hence, accurate wind resource estimates, reliable and efficient technology, sufficient grid capacity and power system integration are the keys.


Wind Energy Estimation: Indian Example

Inputs

Surface roughness

Surface elevation

Large-scale wind forcing

Outputs

Mean wind speed at 80 m a.g.l

Mean power density at 80 m a.g.l.

wind direction and direction distribution (generalize wind

climate)

Mesoscale modelling (KAMM model dx=5km) + On-site measurements

Wind maps: Mean (annual and seasonal) wind speed and power density at 50m and 80m.

Verification: Can compare generalized wind climates derived from observational wind atlas method and numerical wind atlas method.

Application data: Generalized wind climate in WAsP .lib file format for all of India; 50 from observational wind atlas and 200,000+ from numerical wind atlas, allows application at very high resolutions (~10m)

Energy Generation estimation

Outcomes


3 to 5 D

5 to

8 D

Does this lay out provide maximum output and minimum variability of power output????

No !!!!

Wind farm optimization (1 of 4)


u0u0 u0

u0 u

u0 u0 u0



Increasing outputby power control

Normal operation, optimal Cp

First row(s) more ‘transparant’ for flow’


Source: ECN


ECN/TNOPhoto: Gustave Corten


Verification needs cross institutional cooperation with industry and customers

Photo: Jos BeurskensFoto: Jos Beurskens

ECN


2012

150 m ø

Jos Beurskens

Jos Beurskens

????

Jos Beurskens

Jos Beurskens

??????

offshore200 m

UpWind

?

Up scaling (1 of 4)


Weight ~ (D³)Cross sections ~ (D²)Stress (= weight/cross section) ~ D

New materials with higher strength/mass levels

Up scaling (2 of 4)

Challenges


Full pitch control for very large wind turbines is not adequate anymore because of non uniform angles of attack along blade.

Wind field

Photo: Jos Beurskens

Up scaling (3 of 4)


20-40% reduction in blade- in-tower fatigue load

”Smart” material variable trailing edge flap

Rasmussen. DTU-Risø

Up scaling ( 4 of 4)


Grid compatibility (1 of 2)

FhG, Kassel (D)

• Ability to control wind farm as a power plant• Control strategies for grid support• Fault ride through capabilities

Grid codes required


Constant rotational speed Variable rotational speed(present technology)

Transmission

Wound rotor induction generator

Grid compatibility (2 of 2)

Controllable electrical parameters to support grid


• Dedicated wind turbines for various climate zones (standards & certification)

• Further up scaling (20 MW?)

• Distributed aerodynamic rotor control with smart features (incorporating LIDAR)

• Integrated turbine control (output, stability, safety, failure resistant, grid compatibility and grid support)

• Wind farm control (variability of output, maximising output, load control, grid support)

Technology view into the near future


Quality Assurance

1. For international acceptance wind turbines should be designed and certified to the IEC 61400 or GL standards series.

2. Recognized certifying bodies exist internationally for providing wind turbine certifications

3. Wind farm financing, insurance etc depend on the manufacturers ability to obtain appropriate certification.

4. Project certification may also be necessary to manage risks and secure financing, especially for offshore wind farms.

Design Basis Evaluation

Type Certificate

Design Evaluation

Optional Module

Type Testing

Manufacturing Evaluation

Foundation Design Evaluation

Final Evaluation

Type Characteristics Measurements

Foundation Manufacturing

Evaluation

Type certification acc. to IEC 61400-22 or GL 2010 guidelines


Wind Farm Power Control

Typical wind farm power control methods

Jauch, C. et. al. “International Comparison of Requirements for Connection of Wind Turbines to Power Systems”, Wind Energy 2005; 8:295–306

Wind farms must be able to provide :• Voltage and reactive control,• Frequency control• Fault ride-through capability in order

to maintain the electric system stability


Improving Performance: O&M

Source: 3rd WE20 by 2020 conference


Reqd Policy Framework: Competitive vs Feed-in-Tariff


Lastly: Virtual Power Plants & Micro Grids

• In areas that are cut-off from the urban regions, a smaller “Micro Grid” is of advantage to provide regional electricity.

• A Micro grid is a small electricity providing network with load sources, energy sources and storage.

• On a broader scale, a Virtual power plant (VPP) is a distributed system that can supply energy to a much larger grid.

• Each micro-grid or VPP would incorporate real-time information systems to ensure that energy production matches demand at all times.

• Since the grid is designed with respect to known sources of electricity and demand, the grid can be stable and its control more deterministic.


END

For further Information contact

Rajsekhar BudhavarapuCTO- Renewable Investments

IL&FS Energy Development Company Limited (IEDCL)

1st Floor, Corporate Office Tower, Ambience Mall Complex, Ambience Island, NH-8Gurgaon 122001, India

Email: [email protected] el: +91 12 4471 6100


wind power il&fs energy development company limited (iedcl) global technology trends in wind...

Documents

wind direction

wind energy investments

wind resourcesiting

india wind energy outlook

india wind energy scenario

gw of wind power capacity

wind power production

generalized wind climates