winning the war chapter 11, lesson 3. let’s watch a clip story/worldwarii
TRANSCRIPT
Let’s Watch a Clip
• https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/ushistory/worldwarii/
Battles in North Africa and Europe
• 1930: Germany, Italy, and Japan prepare for war
• World was surprised by Axis power’s power• Adolf Hitler and Germany quickly conquer• Germany attack Soviet Union• Japan takes control of Pacific region
(Philippines)
• 1942, Allies move against Axis powers• Americans join Allies in North Africa to fight
Germans and Italians in Sahara desert• VICTORY: Axis surrender in Africa in 1943
Fighting in Italy
• One month later…– Allies attack Italian Island of Sicily
• October 1943…– Allied invade Italy– Move North, Germans retreat– Many killed and wounded on both sides– Tuskegee Airmen, African American pilots, fly over
Italy
• At the same time…– Germans suffer losses from the Soviet Union– Allied airplanes control skies of Europe
• By 1944, Germany is in trouble!– VICTORY: Soviet Union turns back German
invaders at Battle of Stalingrad• Hitler attempts to capture Stalingrad• Eastern turning point of the war
D-day and Victory• D-day– June 6, 1944– The LARGEST invasion by sea in world history
• Before battle, Dwight D. Eisenhower inspires the soldiers
• 200,000 Allied soldiers invade Normandy, France
• One million land in France in 10 days• Allows Allies to move toward Germany
V-E Day
• At the same time…• Soviet soldiers advance on Germany from East• May 8, 1945– Germany surrenders– Victory in Europe Day
Fighting in the Pacific
• Japan in the Pacific• Japanese won many victories• By 1942, Japan controls large part of western
Pacific and eastern Asia• VICTORY: June 1942– Battle of Midway– Admiral Chester Nimitz
• Aircraft carrier: a large ship that carries airplanes far from land– Planes land and take off on deck
• Battle of Midway– US planes sink 4 Japanese aircraft carriers and
shoot down many Japanese airplanes– MAJOR TURNING POINT IN WAR AGAINST JAPAN
• Island Hopping– The plan to defeat Japan– Allies skip over some islands guarded by the
Japanese and capture others– Each island used to attack closer to Japan
Island Battles
• Began in August 1942– US invade Guadalcanal
• Next 3 years– Allies capture Guinea, Iwo Jima, and others
• Japanese launch fleet to stop U.S. navy from freeing Philippines
• Navy battle in Leyte Gulf• Japanese suffer heavy losses ENDS Japan’s
navy battle ability
Code Talkers• Navajo code talkers: Navajo Indians who
joined U.S. Marines• Use Navajo language to create secret code
that Japan could not understand• Sent messages and orders from Allied leaders
to soldiers
Victory of Japan
• Summer 1945• Allies close enough to invade Japan• President Harry Truman fears many will die in
the invasion• A new plan…atomic bomb• Atomic Bomb: a powerful bomb that can
destroy an entire city– Truman hopes will end the war
• August 6, 1945– U.S. airplane drops atomic bomb in Hiroshima
• August 9, 1945 (3 days later)– U.S. drops bomb in Nagasaki
• Japan’s emperor, Hirohito, surrenders• August 14, 1945– V-J Day: Victory in Japan Day
The Holocaust
• Allied soldiers discover horrors of the war• Nazis killed millions of people• Concentration Camp: a place where large
numbers of people are held prisoner an forced to work– Beaten, starved, killed
• ½ of those killed Jews: Hitler blamed for Germany’s problems