winter project on contracts

8/2/2019 Winter Project on Contracts

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WINTER PROJECT ON IMPLICATIONS OF

CONTRACTS ON DB GROUP

PREPARED BY-AJINKYA SUKHATANKARPGDM 2011-13

ROLL NO-4

DATE-3/3/2012


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Topics To Be Covered

INTRODUCTION TO DB GROUP

FREIGHT FORWARDING

SERVICES OF DB GROUP

DEPARTMENTS OF DB GROUP

CONTRACTS

ELEMENTS OF LOGISTICAL CONTRACTS

INDIAN CONTRACTS 1872


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Topics To Be Covered

INTERNATIONAL CONTRACT LAW

CONCLUSIONS

RECOMMENDATIONS


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DB GROUP

DB Group is an Italian freight forwarding company created in 1950 under

the name De Bortoli Trasporti, a family business for domestic transports,

with Mr. Angelo De Bortoli as its sole associate.

By the early 90s the company was ranking amongst the leading shipping

companies for footwear and outdoor industry companies operating in the

Montebelluna area.


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DB GROUP

Its acquisition ofAMI (an air and sea freight shipping company)

in 1992 enabled the company to branch out into all fields of transport and

then subsequently go global.

Within a few years it set up offices in Italy (Montebelluna, Mogliano

Veneto, Tessera, Milano, Prato, Trieste, Ancona)

And abroad, in Europe (Munich, Stuttgart, Dusseldorf, Barcelona, Madrid,

Granada, Bilbao, Lubjana, Arad, Bucharest, Timisoara, London).


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DB GROUP

In America (New York, Los Angeles and Atlanta), in Asia (Hong Kong,

Shanghai, Osaka, Tokyo, Mumbai, New Delhi, Chennai and Bangalore )

in Australia(Sydney and Melbourne).

DB Group currently boasts a workforce of over 250 employees stationed

in approximately 30 offices worldwide.


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D.B. Group in the world...
http://www.dbgroup.net/content.asp?L=3&idMen=195http://www.dbgroup.net/content.asp?L=3&idMen=195


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FREIGHT FORWARDING

A freight forwarder, forwarder, or forwarding agent is a person or

company that organizes shipments for individuals or corporations to get

large orders from the manufacturer or producer to market or final point of

distribution.

A forwarder is not typically a carrier, but is an expert in supply chain

management.

In other words, a freight forwarder is a "travel agent," for the cargo

industry, or a third-party (non-asset-based) logistics provider.


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Sea & Air

Sea Freight, Air Freight and Combined Sea & Air Freight Import and

Export transportation Services from and to the most important domestic

and international Ports and Airports

With the combination of DB Groups employees and a network of

correspondents, it covers all five continents and can offer total support to

companies wishing to place their products on international markets


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DB Group works in close collaboration with a network ofoffices based all

over the world, in synergy, and we can continuously track all stages of

your companys shipments

DB Group also a FIATA and I.A.T.A. (International Air Transport

Association) agent.


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CORE PRODUCTS OF DB

AIR EXPORT

AIR IMPORT

SEA EXPORT

SEA IMPORT


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CORE DEPARTMENTS OF DB GROUP

Customer Service-Both Air and Sea operations

Documentation

Finance and Accounts

Sales and Marketing

Operations- Air and Sea

Pricing

Quality Control


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Job Profiles of DBS Departments

Internal Operations- Air(Export and Import)

Responsible for internal operations of DB Group.

Issuing MAWB and HAWB.

Preparation of Master File for Air operations/Sea Operations.

Details Regarding Shipments

Maintenance of Records.

Tracking of Shipments.


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Customer Service Department (Air and Sea operations)

Responsible for maintaining good relations with clients

Providing Information to the customers.

Giving details about the shipment to the shipper and consignee.

Works in co-ordination with pricing department.

Maintaining good rapport with air and sea operations.


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DOCUMENTATION

Maintaining documents of various air and sea operations.

Arranging of various documents in a proper manner.

Handling the documents to the final customer (Both Air and Sea).

Preparing the MWAB and HAWB.

Issuing Gate pass , BL (Bill Of Lading),Carting Copy and several

important documents.


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Sales and Marketing Department

Prospecting future customers for DB group.

To attain maximum sales.

Promoting DBS core products

Preparing marketing strategy

To co-ordinate with various departments

Attending Sales Calls- Maximum 4 clients per day.


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Sales and Marketing Department

Achieving credit objectives.

Attending educational seminars and workshops.

Closing the deal.


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To maintain all various information in the NOVA(Italian Software).

Collection of various tax invoices and TDS receipts

Fund Transfer(RTGS and NEFT).

Maintenance of various accounts in the software

Request for DD and other various cash approvals.


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Customer File management/Accounting Client

VAT details

Custom Duty Charges


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Pricing

Quoting the right price to the clients.

Bargaining with the customers.

Enquiring about airline rates for example-Emirates quoting a high price or

Lufhthansa quoting a lower price.

Request for Sea/Air freight charges.

Preparing a Rate Sheet.


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Quality Control

Maintaining certain quality standards fro DB groups operations.

Applying for ISO procedure.

Maintenance of various important quality audit files.

Co-ordinating an effective quality policy with various deprtments.


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CONTRACTS

A contract is an agreement entered into voluntarily by two parties or

more with the intention of creating a legal obligation, which may have

elements in writing. Contracts can be made orally.

A contract is a legally enforceable promise or undertaking that something

will or will not occur.


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Origin and scope

Contract law is based on the principle expressed in the latin phrasepacta

sunt servanda, which is usually translated "agreements must be kept" but

more literally means pactsmust be kept.

Contract law can be classified, as is habitual in civillaw systems, as part of

a general law of obligations, along with tort , unjust enrichment,

and restitution.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)


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Elements

At common law, the elements of a contract are offer, acceptance, intention

to create legal relations, and consideration.

Mutual assent

Offer and acceptance

Consideration

Sufficiency

Other jurisdictions

F i


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Formation

In addition to the elements of a contract:

a party must have capacity to contract;

the purpose of the contract must be lawful;

the form of the contract must be legal;

the parties must intend to create a legal relationship; and

the parties must consent.


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Elements Of Logistical Contracts

Reverse logistics stands for all operations related to the reuse of

products and materials.

It is "the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the

efficient, cost effective flow of raw materials, in-process inventory,

finished goods and related information from the point of

consumption to the point of origin for the purpose of recapturing

value or proper disposal.


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INDIAN CONTRACTS ACT 1872

Indian Contract Act 1872 is the main source of law

regulating contracts in Indian Law, as subsequently amended.

It determines the circumstances in which promise made by the

parties to a contract shall be legally binding on them.

All of us enter into a number of contracts everyday knowingly or

unknowingly.


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INDIAN CONTRACTS ACT 1872

Each contract creates some right and duties upon the contracting parties.

Indian contract deals with the enforcement of these rights and duties upon

the parties.

It applies to the whole of India except the state of Jammu and Kashmir. It

is not a complete and exhaustive law on all types of contracts.


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Essential Elements of a Valid Contract

According to Section 10, "All agreements are contracts, if they are made

by the free consent of the parties, competent to contract, for a lawful

consideration with a lawful object, and not hereby expressly to be void."

Essential Elements of a Valid Contract are:

1.Proper offer and proper acceptance

2.Lawful consideration

3.Competent to contract or capacity

T f t t


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Types of contracts

On the basis of validity

On the basis of formation

On the basis of performance


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International Contract Law

International contract law concerns the legal rules relating to cross border

agreements .

When parties from different countries enter into a contract they are

governed by the International contract law.

Unless they agree to abide by the laws of one of the countries.


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RECOMMENDATIONS

DB group should follow some rules and regulations taking into

consideration Indian Contracts Act 1872.

Stringent laws and procedures should be maintained in the agreement.

Legally binding contracts should be framed.

Core issues involved in the freight forwarding sector should be addressed.

Involvement of two competent parties is also another important

consideration.


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CONCLUSIONS

DB group has a very legal procedure into structure.

It gives more weight age to an written agreement.

It also gives more emphasis to the principle of indemnity.

In the agreement we also consider handling of goods as a very important

criterion.


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REFERENCES

DBGROUP.COM

WIKIPEDIA.COM

FIATA.ORG

IATA.ORG


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ANY QUERIES


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winter project on contracts

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