wireless data transmission in the andes: networking merida state
TRANSCRIPT
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WirelessWireless Data Data Transmission Transmission in inthethe Andes: Andes:
Networking Merida StateNetworking Merida StateErmanno Pietrosemoli
Escuela Latinoamericana de RedesMérida - Venezuela
LabCom [email protected]
Inet’99San Jose, June 1999
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ContentsContents
IntroductionPacket RadioSpread SpectrumBroadband Delivery SystemTrainingReferences
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Sierra NevadaSierra Nevada
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IntroductionIntroduction
The city of Merida, in the northern Andes, is at 1600 m altitude (5000 feet) and lays
below some mountains that reach 5000 m(16400 feet). It has a two centuries olduniversity, ULA that is spreaded all overand makes good use of its optical fiber datanetwork, TDM and ATM
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The city of Merida fromThe city of Merida fromAguadaAguada (3600 m) (3600 m)
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IntroductionIntroduction
Challenges:– Difficult terrain– Limited reach of telephone network– Lack of technology oriented culture
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IntroductionIntroduction
Solution: Wireless Network– Packet Radio, VHF, UHF– Microwaves
Training
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Packet RadioPacket Radio
300 bit/s in HF, for long distanceionospheric bouncing1200 bit/s in VHF, later 9600 bit/s19200 bit/s in UHF, then 56 kbit/s
AX.25 protocol, ka9q TCP/IP packageInexpensive but slow!
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Packet RadioPacket Radio
Home built antennas:
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Packet RadioPacket Radio
Passive Repeaters:
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Spread SpectrumSpread Spectrum
Direct SequenceFrequency Hopping400~512 MHz
806~960 MHz 2.4~2.4835 GHz 5.725~5.850 GHzmaximum EIRP of 36 dBm
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Spread SpectrumSpread Spectrum
Direct Sequence nominal speed 2 Mbit/s, corner reflector
antenna at Aguada with a 90 degreebandwidth illuminated most of the cityBilateral Amplifiers to overcome cablelosses
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Spread SpectrumSpread Spectrum
Computer Network Project Abdus Salam International Centrer for
Theoretical Physics, Trieste, ItalyAugust 1995
University of Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Spread SpectrumSpread Spectrum
Computer Network Project Computer Center Physical Sciences Technology Building
Funding from United Nations University
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Spread SpectrumSpread Spectrum
2.4 GHz band to combat interference andincrease available bandwidthLower spanLimitations of protocolsHidden station problems
Look for alternatives!
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Broadband Delivery SystemBroadband Delivery System
Sectored antennaFrequency ReusabiltyHigh Range, 50 kmHigh Throughput, 10 Mbit/s, Full DuplexUpgradableStandards based
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Broadband Delivery SystemBroadband Delivery System
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Broadband Delivery SystemBroadband Delivery System
Cable TV modems10 base TAny frequency in the 1 to 10 GHz rangeEach sector is an independent LANConnected at the base station by a switchLow latencySupports streaming video and IP voice
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Broadband Delivery SystemBroadband Delivery SystemSpike TechnologiesSpike Technologies
Up to 22 sector6 MHz video channel can a provide up to 30Mbit/sSymmetricalSpectrally efficient
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Prizm Prizm BDSBDSSpike TechnologiesSpike Technologies
Base station configuration:Multisector Antenna (up to 22 sectors) Transceivers bankModems bankSwitchUPS
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Prizm Prizm BDSBDSSpike TechnologiesSpike Technologies
Sectorizacion
– 22 sec * 500 usrs./sec= 11,000 users
Small SizeEquivalent to 22 antennas
Sec 1Sec 2Sec 3Sec 4Sec 5Sec 6
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Prizm Prizm BDSBDSSpike TechnologiesSpike Technologies
Advantages:Multipath interference resistance thanks
to high gain antennasHigh throughput
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1010 Mbit Mbit/s/s Backbone Backbone Fundacite Mérida decides to build a
backbone between Merida and Tovar bymeans of a repeater station at a small village
This backbone is 90 km long
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Repeater Station
at 40 km from
Aguada
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Red Teleinformática delRed Teleinformática delestado Méridaestado Mérida
RETIEMRETIEM
Fundacite Mérida,Fundem,Gobernación del Edo,Palacio de Justicia, Internado Judicial de Lagunillas(penitentiary)
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RETIEMRETIEM
Providing Service to:LibrariesCultural and ScientificCentersEducational InstitutionsHealth CenterGovernment Offices
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SupercommSupercomm ‘98 Atlanta ‘98 AtlantaGeorgia, USAGeorgia, USA
During this event, RETIEM wasawarded the best network prize inthe cathegory of Remote Access,while Third Rail Technologies,a Spike Technologies subsidiary thatuses the same technologygot the Local Access prize.
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TrainingTraining
Training is an often neglected aspect ofmany initiatives, but we found that it makesthe whole difference between a successfulproject and a “white elephant”Since 1991 we have devoted most of ourefforts to training activities
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TrainingTraining
First Latin-American Networking School,Nov. 1992 (3 weeks), 45 part., 8 countriesLima Workshop, April 1993Second Latin-American NetworkingSchool, Nov. 1995 (2 weeks), 110 part.ICTP Computer Networking Project Third Latin-American Networking School,Nov. 1997 (2 weeks), 120 part.
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TrainingTraining
RNP, First Latin-American and CaribbeanWorkshop on Networking Technologies,Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, July 1998Fourth Latin-American Networking School,and Second Latin-American and CaribbeanWorkshop on Networking Technologies,
Merida, June 14-19, 1999, 195 participants,from 18 countries and 5 tracks
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Latin American TrainingLatin American TrainingWorkshopWorkshop
ISOC sponsored WALC’98 in Rio de Janeiro,with local support provided by the UniversidadeFederal de Rio, a Spanish and Portuguese trainingorganized by EsLaRedWALC’99 merged with EsLaRed’99 in MéridaWALC’2000 was held at Universidad Autónomain Mexico CityWALC’2001 merged with EsLaRed’2001 inMérida
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ReferencesReferences
– 1. Karn, Phil, "The KA9Q Internet (TCP/IP)Package: A Progress Report"Sixth ARRL Computer NetworkingConference, Redondo Beach, Ca, August 29,1987
– 2. Heatherington, D., "A 56 kilobaud RFmodem", Sixth ARRL Computer NetworkingConference, Redondo Beach, Ca,August 29,1987
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ReferencesReferences
– 3. Conatel, Comision Nacional deComunicaciones, Ministerio de Transporte yComunicaciones, "NORMAS PARA LAOPERACIONDE SISTEMAS DETELECOMUNICACIONES CONTECNOLOGIA DE BANDA ESPARCIDA(SPREAD SPECTRUM)",Caracas,17 de noviembre de 1993.
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ReferencesReferences
– 4. International Centre For Theoretical Physics,"Programme of Training and SystemDevelopment on Networking andRadiocommunications", Trieste, Italy, 1996,http://www.ictp.trieste.it
– 5. Spike Technologies, Inc.http://www.spke.com
– 6. Escuela Latinoamericana de Redes,http://ing.ula.ve/~eslared.
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urls
www.eslared.org
www.isoc.orgwww.ictp.trieste.itwww.spke.comwww.wavelan.com
www.ula.ve