Under the guidance of

Chairperson ,Justice N.K. Jain

Under the guidance of

(Former Chief JusticeHigh Court of Madras & Karnataka)

With best ComplimentsWith best Compliments RSHRC

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RAJASTHAN STATE HUMAN RAJASTHAN STATE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSIONRIGHTS COMMISSIONRIGHTS COMMISSIONRIGHTS COMMISSION

SECRETARIAT

Prepared by:-Under the guidance

SECRETARIAT

p yInternship students of various law

i it d

of Hon’ble Mr. Justice N.K. Jain.

(Former Chief justice of university and colleges.

( jMadras and Karnataka

High Court)Chariperson, RSHRC

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HumanHuman RightsRights CommissionCommission isis anan autonomousautonomous bodybody toto protectprotectu au a g tsg ts Co ss oCo ss o ss aa auto o ousauto o ous bodybody toto p otectp otectandand promotepromote basicbasic rightsrights ofof citizenscitizens.. ItsIts primaryprimary aimaim isis toto helphelpeveryevery depriveddeprived personperson toto acquireacquire equalequal statusstatus inin societysociety..ByBy thethe ParliamentaryParliamentary actact therethere isis NationalNational HumanHuman RightsRightsyy yy ggCommissionCommission atat NewNew DelhiDelhi andand eacheach statestate hashas StateState HumanHumanRightsRights CommissionCommission.. ThisThis commissioncommission hashas powerpower equivalentequivalent toto aacivilcivil courtcourt.. ItIt hashas equivalentequivalent powerpower toto hearhear thethe pleaplea ofof sufferersuffererandand givegive recommendationrecommendation toto concernedconcerned departmentdepartment toto workwork ononitit.. ItsIts recommendationrecommendation hashas aa highhigh stakestake andand nonnon performanceperformance ononitsits recommendationrecommendation cancan leadlead toto questioningquestioning inin thethe LegislativeLegislativeA blA bl Oth iOth i thth tt hh tt ii ff ttAssemblyAssembly.. OtherwiseOtherwise thethe governmentgovernment hashas toto givegive reasonreason forfor notnotcompliancecompliance.. TheThe commissioncommission oror thethe otherother partyparty cancan filefile writwritpetitionpetition inin thethe HighHigh CourtCourt..

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RAJASTHAN STATE HUMAN RAJASTHAN STATE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSIONRIGHTS COMMISSIONRIGHTS COMMISSIONRIGHTS COMMISSION

TheThe StateState GovernmentGovernment ofof RajasthanRajasthan issuedissued aa NotificationNotification onon JanuaryJanuary 1818,,jj yy ,,19991999 forfor thethe constitutionconstitution ofof thethe StateState CommissionCommission havinghaving oneone fullfull timetimeChairpersonChairperson andand 44 MembersMembers inin accordanceaccordance withwith thethe provisionsprovisions ofof TheTheProtectionProtection ofof HumanHuman RightsRights Act,Act, 19931993.. TheThe CommissionCommission waswas fullyfullyProtectionProtection ofof HumanHuman RightsRights Act,Act, 19931993.. TheThe CommissionCommission waswas fullyfullyconstitutedconstituted byby appointmentappointment ofof thethe ChairpersonChairperson alongalong withwith thethe MembersMembersandand becamebecame functionalfunctional fromfrom MarchMarch 20002000.. TheThe mainmain mandatemandate ofof thethe StateStateCommissionCommission isis toto functionfunction asas aa watchwatch dogdog forfor humanhuman rightsrights inin thethe StateState..CommissionCommission isis toto functionfunction asas aa watchwatch dogdog forfor humanhuman rightsrights inin thethe StateState..UnderUnder thethe 19931993 Act,Act, humanhuman rightsrights areare defineddefined inin SectionSection 22 (d)(d) andand arearethosethose justiciablejusticiable rightsrights whichwhich cancan bebe enforcedenforced inin aa courtcourt ofof lawlaw inin IndiaIndia..

TheThe RajasthanRajasthan StateState HumanHuman RightsRights CommissionCommission isis reconstitutedreconstituted onon 66thth JulyJuly20052005.. OneOne ofof thethe leadingleading StateState CommissionsCommissions inin thethe countrycountry.. InIn aa shortshort spanspan ofof

b tb t ff itit hh hi dhi d il til t ii itit i ii i ff ththaboutabout fourfour yearsyears itit hashas achievedachieved manymany milestonesmilestones inin itsits missionmission forfor thetheprotectionprotection andand promotionpromotion ofof HumanHuman RightsRights..

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PRIMARY CATEGORIES OF PRIMARY CATEGORIES OF HUMAN RIGHTSHUMAN RIGHTS

CivilCivil RightsRightsP liti lP liti l Ri htRi htPoliticalPolitical RightsRightsEconomicEconomic RightsRightsSocialSocial RightsRightsggCulturalCultural RightsRights

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ISSUES IN HUMAN RIGHTSISSUES IN HUMAN RIGHTSISSUES IN HUMAN RIGHTSISSUES IN HUMAN RIGHTS

RIGHTSRIGHTS PERSPECTIVEPERSPECTIVE FORFOR GOODGOOD GOVERNANCEGOVERNANCE

CORRUPTIONCORRUPTION ASAS VIOLATORVIOLATOR OFOF HUMANHUMAN RIGHTSRIGHTS

RIGHTSRIGHTS PERSPECTIVEPERSPECTIVE ASAS CENTERCENTER STAGESTAGE TOTORIGHTSRIGHTS PERSPECTIVEPERSPECTIVE ASAS CENTERCENTER STAGESTAGE TOTODEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT AGENDAAGENDA

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C i iC i i ff ffTheThe CommissionCommission shallshall performperform allall oror anyany ofof thethefollowingfollowing functions,functions, namelynamely::--(a)(a) inquire,inquire, suosuo mottomotto oror onon aa petitionpetition presentedpresented toto itit byby( )( ) qq pp pp yyaa victimvictim oror anyany personperson onon hishis behalfbehalf (or(or onon aa directiondirectionoror orderorder ofof anyany Court),Court), intointo complaintcomplaint ofof

(i)(i) violationviolation ofof humanhuman rightsrights oror abetmentabetment thereofthereof;; oror(i)(i) violationviolation ofof humanhuman rightsrights oror abetmentabetment thereofthereof;; oror(ii)(ii) negligencenegligence inin thethe preventionprevention ofof suchsuch violation,violation, bybyaa publicpublic servantservant;;

(b)(b) interveneintervene inin anyany proceedingproceeding involvinginvolving anyany allegationallegationofof violationviolation ofof humanhuman rightsrights pendingpending beforebefore aa courtcourt withwiththethe approvalapproval ofof suchsuch courtcourt

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(c)(c) toto visit,visit, notwithstandingnotwithstanding anythinganything containedcontained inin anyany otherother lawlaw forfor thethetimetime beingbeing inin forceforce anyany jailjail oror otherother institutioninstitution underunder thethe controlcontrol ofof thethetimetime beingbeing inin force,force, anyany jailjail oror otherother institutioninstitution underunder thethe controlcontrol ofof thetheStateState Government,Government, wherewhere personspersons areare detaineddetained oror lodgedlodged forfor purposespurposes ofoftreatment,treatment, reformationreformation oror protection,protection, forfor thethe studystudy ofof thethe livinglivingconditionsconditions ofof thethe inmatesinmates thereofthereof andand makemake recommendationsrecommendations thereonthereon totoconditionsconditions ofof thethe inmatesinmates thereofthereof andand makemake recommendationsrecommendations thereonthereon totothethe GovernmentGovernment;;(d)(d) reviewreview thethe safeguardssafeguards providedprovided byby oror underunder thethe ConstitutionConstitution oror anyanyll ff hh ii b ib i ii ff ff hh ii ff hh i hi h ddlawlaw forfor thethe timetime beingbeing inin forceforce forfor thethe protectionprotection ofof humanhuman rightsrights andandrecommendrecommend measuresmeasures forfor theirtheir effectiveeffective implementationimplementation;;(e)(e) reviewreview thethe factors,factors, includingincluding actsacts ofof terrorismterrorism thatthat inhibitinhibit thetheggenjoymentenjoyment ofof humanhuman rightsrights andand recommendrecommend appropriateappropriate remedialremedial

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NEED FOR HUMAN RIGHT COMMISSIONNEED FOR HUMAN RIGHT COMMISSION

ToTo developdevelop fullyfully thethe humanhuman personalitypersonality andand thethe sensesense itsits dignitydignity ..ToTo developdevelop attitudesattitudes andand behaviourbehaviour toto promotepromote respectrespect forfor thethe rightsrights ofof

ththothersothers..ToTo ensureensure genuinegenuine gendergender equalityequality andand equalequal opportunitiesopportunities forfor womenwomen ininallall spheresspheres..ToTo promotepromote understandingunderstanding andand tolerancetolerance amongamong diversediverse national,national, ethnic,ethnic,religious,religious, linguisticlinguistic andand otherother groupsgroups..ToTo strengthenstrengthen respectrespect forfor rightsrights ofof aa humanhuman beingbeing andand fundamentalfundamentalToTo strengthenstrengthen respectrespect forfor rightsrights ofof aa humanhuman beingbeing andand fundamentalfundamentalfreedomfreedom..ToTo empowerempower peoplepeople toto participateparticipate activelyactively inin thethe lifelife ofof aa freefree societysociety..ToTo promotepromote democracy,democracy, development,development, socialsocial justicejustice andand communalcommunalharmonyharmony amongamong citizenscitizens..

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BornBorn onon 2020..1010..19421942 atat AlwarAlwarS/oS/o LateLate JusticeJustice JJ..PP.. JainJain.. HeHepursuedpursued hishis LLBLLB fromfrom JodhpurJodhpurUniversity,University, RajasthanRajasthan..AnAn accomplishedaccomplished sportsmansportsman

duringduring schoolschool andand collegecollege daysdaysandand recipientrecipient ofof bestbest sportsmansportsmanandand recipientrecipient ofof bestbest sportsmansportsmanawardaward fromfrom RajasthanRajasthanUniversityUniversity..JusticeJustice JainJain hashas beenbeen thethe StateStateJusticeJustice JainJain hashas beenbeen thethe StateState

BadmintonBadminton ChampionChampion andand hashasrepresentedrepresented thethe StateState atatNationalsNationals andand InternationalInternationalNationalsNationals andand InternationalInternationallevelslevels forfor 1414 yearsyears 19551955--19681968,,andand inin 19771977.. 10

HeHe hashas beenbeen thethe formerformer ChiefChief JusticeJustice ofof MadrasMadras andand KarnatakaKarnataka HighHigh CourtCourt forfor 55 yearsyears .. BeforeBeforetakingtaking chargecharge asas Hon’bleHon’ble ChairpersonChairperson ofof RajasthanRajasthan StateState HumanHuman RightsRights CommissionCommission onon1616thth J lJ l 20052005 ii ii ii && C iC i ff ii

Cont.Cont.

1616thth JulyJuly 20052005,, hehe hadhad beenbeen dischargeddischarged hishis dutiesduties asas LokayuktaLokayukta && ChairpersonChairperson ofof HimachalHimachalPradeshPradesh HumanHuman RightsRights CommissionCommission inin ShimlaShimla..

HeHe hashas beenbeen thethe membermember ofof barbar councilcouncil ofof RajasthanRajasthan forfor 1919 years,years, tilltill elevatedelevated..HeHe hashas alsoalso beenbeen thethe membermember ofof BarBar CouncilCouncil IndiaIndia andand BarBar CouncilCouncil TrustTrust NLSNLS BangaloreBangaloreHeHe hashas alsoalso beenbeen thethe membermember ofof BarBar CouncilCouncil IndiaIndia andand BarBar CouncilCouncil Trust,Trust, NLSNLS BangaloreBangalore..JusticeJustice JainJain hashas createdcreated aa lotlot ofof awarenessawareness aboutabout HumanHuman RightsRights withwith greatgreat proficiencyproficiency andand tirelesstirelesseffortsefforts..RegardingRegarding awarenessawareness ofof humanhuman rightsrights andand manymany otherother legallegal issues,issues, JusticeJustice JainJain hashas writtenwritten manymanybookletsbooklets inin HindiHindi asas wellwell asas EnglishEnglish SomeSome ofof thesethese bookletsbooklets areare alsoalso availableavailable onon Commission’sCommission’sbookletsbooklets inin HindiHindi asas wellwell asas EnglishEnglish.. SomeSome ofof thesethese bookletsbooklets areare alsoalso availableavailable onon Commission sCommission sWebsiteWebsite--wwwwww..rshrcrshrc..nicnic..in,in, aa GermanGerman WebsiteWebsite herenowherenow44uu..dede.. SomeSome booksbooks areare alsoalso availableavailable onon hishisownown websitewebsite:: justicenasgendrakjainjusticenasgendrakjain..comcomSimultaneously,Simultaneously, JusticeJustice JainJain isis alsoalso creatingcreating awarenessawareness ofof thethe dutiesduties mentionedmentioned inin ArticleArticle 5151--AA andandmademade aa PerformaPerforma ofof thesethese dutiesduties inin simplesimple languagelanguage.. AboutAbout 100100 educationaleducational institutionsinstitutions areare takingtakingmademade aa PerformaPerforma ofof thesethese dutiesduties inin simplesimple languagelanguage.. AboutAbout 100100 educationaleducational institutionsinstitutions areare takingtakingpledgepledge ofof thesethese dutiesduties atat thethe timetime ofof morningmorning prayerprayer.. ManyMany NN..GG..OsOs areare alsoalso tryingtrying theirtheir bestbest forfor thethesamesame awareness,awareness, withwith thethe inspirationinspiration fromfrom JusticeJustice JainJain..HeHe hadhad alsoalso beenbeen MemberMember withwith twotwo ChiefChief JusticeJustice inin thethe CommitteeCommittee constitutedconstituted byby ChiefChief JusticeJustice ofofIndiaIndia toto examineexamine thethe recommendationsrecommendations ofof ArrearsArrears CommitteeCommittee ReportReport 19891989--19901990 (Justice(Justice MalimathMalimathCommitteeCommittee Report)Report) andand FirstFirst NationalNational JudicialJudicial PayPay CommissionCommission (Justice(Justice KK.. JagannathJagannath ShettyShettyCommission)Commission) ReportReport..HeHe waswas ChairmanChairman ofof AdvisoryAdvisory BoardBoard andand thenthen PresidingPresiding OfficerOfficer ofof thethe TribunalTribunal UnderUnder thetheCriminalCriminal LawLaw AmendmentAmendment ActAct fromfrom 0303--0303--19981998 toto 0808--0101--19991999..

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ExecutiveExecutive ChairmanChairman ofof TamilnaduTamilnadu StateState LegalLegal ServiceService AuthorityAuthority andand patronpatron--inin--chiefchief andand alsoalso ofofKarnatakaKarnataka StateState LegalLegal AuthorityAuthority..AttendentAttendent ChiefChief JusticeJustice ConferenceConference ofof chiefchief justicejustice ofof differentdifferent countriescountries atat colombocolombo..

Hon’ble Chairperson and pMembers Of Rajasthan State Human Rights Commission are :

Justice N K Jain

From 06-07-2005

Justice N K Jain, Chairperson

Members

Justice Jagat SinghJustice Jagat Singh

Shri D.S.Meena

Hon’ble ChiefMinister Shri Ashok GehlotShri Pukhraj Seervi

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TheseThese booksbooks areare keptkept inin thethe LibrariesLibraries ofof differentdifferent schoolsschools andandcollegescolleges forfor awarenessawareness ofof studentsstudents asas wellwell asas thethe teachingteaching andandministerialministerial staffstaff.. SomeSome booksbooks areare eveneven keptkept inin thethe UNUN--CongressCongresspp ggLibraryLibrary atat NewNew DelhiDelhi..TeachersTeachers ofof variousvarious schoolschool areare interactinginteracting withwith thethe studentsstudents ononthesethese issuesissues inin zerozero hourshoursthesethese issuesissues inin zerozero hourshours..AboutAbout legallegal aidaid committees,committees, NGO’sNGO’s // EducationalEducational InstitutionsInstitutionsaboveabove 4545,, andand somesome NewspapersNewspapers havehave rere--printed/Publishedprinted/Publishedthth b kl tb kl t i ti t di ti t d dd b tb t 7070 000000 b kl tb kl t titl dtitl dthesethese bookletsbooklets asas intimatedintimated andand aboutabout 7070,,000000 bookletsbooklets titledtitled ononwomen,women, childchild rights,rights, dalits,dalits, arrest,arrest, humanhuman rightsrights andand HIVHIV havehavebeenbeen publishedpublished andand distributeddistributed freefree ofof costcost amongamong thethe generalgeneral

blibli tt ttpublicpublic toto createcreate awarenessawareness..

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Legal Awareness Legal Awareness ProgrammesProgrammes

ForFor thethe awarenessawareness ofof thethe humanhuman rightsrights inin publicpublic atat large,large, JusticeJustice JainJainhashas wrotewrote aboutabout 3131 bookletsbooklets ofof variousvarious legallegal issuesissues.. OutOut ofof thesethese bookletsbooklets1818 bookletsbooklets havehave beenbeen publishedpublished byby thethe RR..SS..HH..RR..CC.. ManyMany otherotherorganizations,organizations, DistrictDistrict LegalLegal AidAid Authorities,Authorities, Departments,Departments, Schools,Schools,CollegesColleges etcetc.. hashas alsoalso publishedpublished somesome bookletsbooklets likelike Women,Women, Children,Children,DalitsDalits,, Arrest,Arrest, HIV/AIDS,HIV/AIDS, HumanHuman RightsRights etcetc.. byby thethe permissionpermission ofof thetheCommissionCommission.. TheyThey havehave distributeddistributed thesethese bookletsbooklets inin 7000070000 inin numbersnumbers..yySomeSome ofof thesethese bookletsbooklets areare availableavailable onon Commission’sCommission’s websitewebsitewwwwww..rshrcrshrc..nicnic..inin andand justicenagendrakjainjusticenagendrakjain..comcom.. EnglishEnglish translationtranslation ofofSomeSome bookletsbooklets areare alsoalso availableavailable onon aa GermanGerman websitewebsite herenowherenow44uu dedeSomeSome bookletsbooklets areare alsoalso availableavailable onon aa GermanGerman websitewebsite herenowherenow44uu..dede..TheThe booksbooks areare::

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31 booklet have been written by JusticeNagendra Jain(Chairperson RSHRC, Jaipur) ondifferent legal and important issues

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Fundamental Duties Art 51Fundamental Duties Art 51--AA

TheThe CommissionCommission underunder thethe guidanceguidance ofof thethe Hon’bleHon’bleTheThe CommissionCommission underunder thethe guidanceguidance ofof thethe Hon’bleHon’bleChairpersonChairperson isis makingmaking thethe commoncommon peoplepeople awareaware aboutabout thethedutiesduties mentionedmentioned inin ArtArt.. 5151(A)(A) ofof thethe ConstitutionConstitution..JusticeJustice NN..KK JainJain hashas mademade thethe PerformaPerforma ofof thesethese dutiesduties andanddistributeddistributed.. SoSo manymany institutionsinstitutions havehave reprintedreprinted andanddistributeddistributed inin publicpublic toto createcreate awarenessawareness asas manymany peoplepeople arearenotnot awareaware ofof theirtheir dutiesduties..HeHe isis motivatingmotivating studentsstudents ofof variousvarious schools,schools, collegescolleges andand otherotherinstitutionsinstitutions.. StudentsStudents ofof thesethese institutionsinstitutions areare recitingreciting thethe oathoathggofof articlearticle 5151(A)(A) ofof ConstitutionConstitution ofof IndiaIndia underunder thethe guidanceguidance ofofRR..SS..HH..RR..CC..

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11.. WorldWorld VisionVision IndiaIndia.. JaipurJaipur..22.. HEDCONHEDCON..33 JainJain AnusheelanAnusheelan KendraKendra JaipurJaipur33.. JainJain AnusheelanAnusheelan Kendra,Kendra, JaipurJaipur..44.. NavmangalNavmangal ShikshaShiksha Samitee,jaipurSamitee,jaipur..55.. JaipurJaipur ChildChild Line,Line, DialDial-- 10981098..66 Bh iBh i Ch iCh i NiNi S hS h (NGO(NGO ii ihih j ilj il ))66.. BhartiyaBhartiya ChritraChritra NirmanNirman Sansthan,Sansthan, (NGO(NGO inin tihartihar jailjail..))77.. VidhyaVidhya Trust,Trust, jaipurjaipur..88.. JJ..PP..JJ.. financialfinancial services,services, rajaraja park,park, jaipurjaipur..99.. PrayasPrayas ,Center,Center forfor specialspecial educationeducation andand vocationvocation trainingtraining..1010.. ShreeShree DigamderDigamder JainJain NasiaNasia UdayalalUdayalal JiJi Trust,Trust, JaipurJaipur..1111.. PAHALPAHAL PeoplesPeoples Trust,Trust, JaipurJaipur1111.. PAHALPAHAL PeoplesPeoples Trust,Trust, JaipurJaipur1212.. Director,Director, TagoreTagore groupgroup ofof Education,Education, JaipurJaipur..1313.. Principal,Principal, DD..AA..VV.. CentenaryCentenary School,School, JaipurJaipur..1414 ShSh M hM h J iJ i Hi hHi h S h lS h l Al i iAl i i A i tiA i ti J iJ i1414.. ShreeShree MahaveerMahaveer JainJain HighHigh SchoolSchool AluminiAlumini AssociationAssociation ,, JaipurJaipur..1515.. JaipurJaipur BalBal ShramikShramik PriyajanaPriyajana Sanstha,Sanstha, jaipurjaipur..1616.. PrincipalmPrincipalm CentralCentral AcademyAcademy ,, JaipurJaipur..1717.. RajasthanRajasthan ChamberChamber ofof CommerceCommerce andand Industries,Industries, JaipurJaipur..1818.. DistrictDistrict && SessionsSessions Court,Court, RajsamandRajsamand.. 18

1919.. IndianIndian UNESCOUNESCO Club,Club, RajasthanRajasthan BhilwaraBhilwara..2020.. President,President, LionsLions Club,Club, Jaipur(DistrictJaipur(District 323323 EE--11 ClubClub nono..026309026309)),, ,, p (p ( ))2121.. BhagwanBhagwan MahaveerMahaveer CancerCancer HospitalHospital andand ResearchResearch Center,Center, jaipurjaipur..2222.. ModiModi InstituteInstitute ofof TechnologyTechnology andand Science,Science, LaxmangurhLaxmangurh..2323 PrincipalPrincipal AggrawalAggrawal BB EdEd CollegeCollege JaipurJaipur2323.. PrincipalPrincipal..,, AggrawalAggrawal BB..EdEd.. College,College, JaipurJaipur..2424.. Director,Director, BiyaniBiyani GirlsGirls College,College, JaipurJaipur..2525.. Principal,Principal, AA..VV..MM..,, School,School, Ambawadi,Ambawadi, JaipurJaipur..2626.. Principal,Principal, SubodhSubodh PublicSchool,PublicSchool, JaipurJaipur..2727.. JayeswalJayeswal KutirKutir Udhyog,DUdhyog,D--22,, RamanRaman marg,marg, jaipurjaipur--44..2828.. SurbhiSurbhi Export,Export, LaxminarayanLaxminarayan mandir,mandir, gurunanakgurunanak pura,pura, JaipurJaipur..p ,p , yy ,, gg p ,p , pp2929.. DistrictDistrict Chairman,Chairman, RajasthanRajasthan PensionerPensioner Society,Society, JaipurJaipur..3030.. LokshikshakLokshikshak PatrikaPatrika Prakshan,Prakshan, JaipurJaipur3131 JaipurJaipur CancerCancer ReliefRelief SocietySociety3131.. JaipurJaipur CancerCancer ReliefRelief SocietySociety..3232.. KoshishKoshish Sansthan,Sansthan, JaipurJaipur3333..ZUNETECHZUNETECH CONSULTINGCONSULTING PVTPVT..LTDLTD ,, DELHI/BANGLOREDELHI/BANGLORE3434..VimuktiVimukti sansthan/vimuktisansthan/vimukti girlsgirls school,school, JaipurJaipur3535.. JaipurJaipur theosophoficaltheosophofical lodgelodge ..

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36.36. President Lions Club (District 323 EPresident Lions Club (District 323 E--1 Club No. 026309) & Jaina Printers, Jaipur 1 Club No. 026309) & Jaina Printers, Jaipur 37.37. Rajasthan Rajya Shakari Mudranalaya Limited, JaipurRajasthan Rajya Shakari Mudranalaya Limited, Jaipur38.38. Bharatvirshya Digamber Jain Tirthshatra committee Mumbai, Rajashthan Anchal.Bharatvirshya Digamber Jain Tirthshatra committee Mumbai, Rajashthan Anchal.39.39. Vidyasthali Group of Institutions Jaipur Vidyasthali Group of Institutions Jaipur 40.40. Cosmic Yoga Combine, Kanti Nagar, Station Road, Jaipur Cosmic Yoga Combine, Kanti Nagar, Station Road, Jaipur 41.41. Jaipur Diabetes & Research Centre, Near RidhiJaipur Diabetes & Research Centre, Near Ridhi--Sidhi, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur Sidhi, Gopalpura Bypass, Jaipur 42.42. Vinayak Farma, DVinayak Farma, D--74, Ghiya Marg, Banipark, Jaipur 74, Ghiya Marg, Banipark, Jaipur 43.43. Smt. Lalita Devi, Ramchandra Kasliwal Trust, JaipurSmt. Lalita Devi, Ramchandra Kasliwal Trust, Jaipur44.44. District Jaipur Badminton Association, Jaipur District Jaipur Badminton Association, Jaipur 45.45. Helpage (India), Jaipur Helpage (India), Jaipur 46.46. Rajasthan polytechnic college, Ratangarh (churu) & Sambal Seva Sansthan, JaipurRajasthan polytechnic college, Ratangarh (churu) & Sambal Seva Sansthan, Jaipur47.47. Dr. B. Lal Clinical Laboratory, Jaipur Dr. B. Lal Clinical Laboratory, Jaipur 48.48. Vashali Hitkari Sangthan, JaipurVashali Hitkari Sangthan, Jaipur49.49. Secretary, Himachal Human Rights Commission , ShimlaSecretary, Himachal Human Rights Commission , Shimlay gy g50.50. Rajdhani Hospital and Rajdhani Hotel, JaipurRajdhani Hospital and Rajdhani Hotel, Jaipur

A d M MAnd Many More…

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Students reciting the oath of section 51(A) of Constitution of India under the guidelines of RSHRC.

InIn additionaddition toto thatthat inin legallegal literacyliteracy andand awarenessawareness program,program,chairmanchairman motivatedmotivated studentsstudents andand eveneven generalgeneral publicpublic toto reciterecite thethepledgepledge asas mentionedmentioned inin articlearticle 5151(A)(A) ofof ConstitutionConstitution ofof IndiaIndia.. ItIt isisgoodgood signsign thatthat soso manymany schoolsschools havehave startedstarted takingtaking prayerprayer asas perperinstructionsinstructions ofof differentdifferent concernedconcerned authoritiesauthorities asas perper thethe requestrequest ofofthethe commissioncommission.. SomeSome ofof themthem areare asas followsfollows::-- 21

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Students of some institutions reciting the Oath as per Article 51(A) of Constitution of India under p ( )the guidelines of RSHRC.

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St d nt r itin th pl dStudents reciting the pledge.

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NewsNews

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NewsNewsNewsNews

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NewsNews

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News ReportingNews Reporting

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Out of 22 law students of different Univ./Law college, 13 students have made Power Point Project and other have submitted reports

on Internship with commission on different respective subjects

Sr. Sr. Title of projectsTitle of projects Slide NoSlide No Student’s NameStudent’s Name

on Internship with commission on different respective subjects including Human Rights Commission and Activities.

no.no.p jp j

1.1. About Commission About Commission 0101--28 28 ConsolidatedConsolidatedand activitiesand activities 2929--3030 IndexIndex

2.2. Women RightsWomen Rights 3131--4949 RitushreeRitushree3.3. CancerCancer 5050--8080 RupendraRupendra44 Child LabourChild Labour 8181--133133 SandeepSandeep4.4. Child LabourChild Labour 8181--133133 SandeepSandeep5.5. HIV AIDSHIV AIDS 134134--156156 Bhanu pratapBhanu pratap6.6. Child RightsChild Rights 157157--179179 Vineet SharmaVineet Sharma77 DalitDalit 180180--216216 ChandraveerChandraveer 29

Sr. no.Sr. no. Title of projectTitle of project Slide No.Slide No. Student’s NameStudent’s Name

8.8. ArrestArrest 217217--242242 ZeeshanZeeshan9.9. EnvironmentEnvironment 243243--276276 Nikhil SharmaNikhil Sharma1010 ’ i h’ i h 22 291291 ii1010 Women’s RightWomen’s Right 277277--291291 Dr. Deepa Jain Dr. Deepa Jain (S.I. RSHRC)(S.I. RSHRC)

1111 Working of commission 294294--316316 Namit saxena & Namit saxena & AbhikalpAbhikalp

1212 Juvenile justice 317317--344344 Tarpit Patni1313 Child RightChild Right 345345--360360 Sheetal Mishra1414 Fundamental Duties Art 51Fundamental Duties Art 51--AA 361361 397 /397 / Trishal Jeet SinghTrishal Jeet Singh1414 Fundamental Duties Art.51Fundamental Duties Art.51--AA

Compiled byCompiled byThanks to one and allThanks to one and all

361361--397 / 397 / 398398399399--400400

Trishal Jeet SinghTrishal Jeet SinghAnand, PradeepAnand, Pradeep

Secretary RSHRCSecretary RSHRC

Under the guidance of Hon’ble Mr. Justice N.K. Jain.(Former Chief justice of Madras and Karnataka High Court)

Chairperson of RSHRC, SSO building Secretariat, Jaipur 30

THE FORCE THAT ENVIRONS OR SURROUNDS BY THE FORCE THAT ENVIRONS OR SURROUNDS BY WHICH LIVING FORMS ARE INFLUENGED ANDWHICH LIVING FORMS ARE INFLUENGED ANDWHICH LIVING FORMS ARE INFLUENGED AND WHICH LIVING FORMS ARE INFLUENGED AND

MODIFIED IN THEIR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTMODIFIED IN THEIR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT31

THE PRESENCE OF SUBSTANCES AND THE PRESENCE OF SUBSTANCES AND CONDITIONS THAT ADVERSELY AFFECT THE CONDITIONS THAT ADVERSELY AFFECT THE

HEALTH AND WELLHEALTH AND WELL BEING OF PEOPLE WITHINBEING OF PEOPLE WITHINHEALTH AND WELLHEALTH AND WELL--BEING OF PEOPLE WITHIN BEING OF PEOPLE WITHIN A COMMUNITYA COMMUNITY

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CONTAMINATION OF WATER RESOURCES BY HARMFUL WASTESCONTAMINATION OF WATER RESOURCES BY HARMFUL WASTES

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ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE IS SOMETHING WHICH IS ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE IS SOMETHING WHICH IS ANNOYING , DISTRACTING, OR PHYSICALLY ANNOYING , DISTRACTING, OR PHYSICALLY

HARMFUL. NOISE POLLUTION GENERALLY REFERS HARMFUL. NOISE POLLUTION GENERALLY REFERS TO UNWANTED SOUND PRODUCED BY HUMAN TO UNWANTED SOUND PRODUCED BY HUMAN

ACTIVITIES.ACTIVITIES. 34

AIR POLLUTION OCCURS WHEN THE AIR CONTAINS GASES, AIR POLLUTION OCCURS WHEN THE AIR CONTAINS GASES, DUST, FUMES OR ODOURS IN HARMFUL AMOUNTS. THAT IS, DUST, FUMES OR ODOURS IN HARMFUL AMOUNTS. THAT IS, AMOUNTS WHICH COULD BE HARMFUL TO THE HEALTH ORAMOUNTS WHICH COULD BE HARMFUL TO THE HEALTH ORAMOUNTS WHICH COULD BE HARMFUL TO THE HEALTH OR AMOUNTS WHICH COULD BE HARMFUL TO THE HEALTH OR

COMFORT OF HUMANS AND ANIMALS OR WHICH COULD COMFORT OF HUMANS AND ANIMALS OR WHICH COULD CAUSE DAMAGE TO PLANTS AND MATERIALS.CAUSE DAMAGE TO PLANTS AND MATERIALS.

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Worst 5 Indian powercompanies in terms ofcompanies in terms oftotal emission of CO2

NTPCNTPC LTDLTD--NTPCNTPC LTD.LTD.--Maharastra State Power Gen Co.Maharastra State Power Gen Co.G j t U j Vik NiG j t U j Vik Ni--Gujrat Urja Vikas NigamGujrat Urja Vikas Nigam

--Uttar Pradesh Rajya VidyutUttar Pradesh Rajya VidyutA dh P d h P G CA dh P d h P G C--Andhra Pradesh Power Gen Corp.Andhra Pradesh Power Gen Corp.

36

TheThe hundredshundreds ofof youngstersyoungsters ofof ApeejayApeejay SchoolSchool atat Kolkata,Kolkata, rangingranging fromfromageage fivefive toto 1818 havehave anan antianti pollutionpollution maskmask asas theirtheir dailydaily schoolschool uniformuniform.. TheTheantianti--pollutionpollution maskmask hashas beenbeen mademade aa partpart ofof thethe uniformuniform fromfrom thisthis academicacademicantianti pollutionpollution maskmask hashas beenbeen mademade aa partpart ofof thethe uniformuniform fromfrom thisthis academicacademicsessionsession byby ApeejayApeejay SchoolSchool inin aa bidbid toto safeguardsafeguard thethe healthhealth ofof itsits studentsstudents andandboostboost attendanceattendance.. PrincipalPrincipal andand AdministratorAdministrator ofof schoolschool MsMs.. ReetaReeta ChatterjeeChatterjeesaidsaid thatthat theythey realisedrealised thatthat aa lotlot ofof studentsstudents hadhad healthhealth problemsproblems thatthat keptkeptyy pp ppthemthem awayaway fromfrom schoolschool.. WateryWatery eyes,eyes, blockedblocked nosesnoses oror breathingbreathing problems,problems, ititallall stemsstems fromfrom pollutionpollution andand theythey realisedrealised thatthat somethingsomething shouldshould bebe donedone ininthisthis mattermatter.. 37

SOIL POLLUTION IS CAUSED BY THE PRESENCE OF MANSOIL POLLUTION IS CAUSED BY THE PRESENCE OF MAN--MADE MADE C CA S O O A A O A A SOC CA S O O A A O A A SOCHEMICALS OR OTHER ALTERATION IN THE NATURAL SOIL CHEMICALS OR OTHER ALTERATION IN THE NATURAL SOIL

ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

38

SAY NO TO PLASTIC BAGSSAY NO TO PLASTIC BAGSSAY NO TO PLASTIC BAGSSAY NO TO PLASTIC BAGS

OurOur planetplanet isis becomingbecomingi i li i l t i t dt i t d bbincreasinglyincreasingly contaminatedcontaminated bybyPlasticPlastic pollutionpollution andand byby ourourunnecessaryunnecessary useuse ofof plasticplastic carrycarrybb EE dd 500500bagsbags.. EveryEvery year,year, aroundaround 500500billionbillion ((500500,,000000,,000000,,000000)) plasticplasticbagsbags areare usedused worldwideworldwide.. SoSo manymanyth tth t illiilli bbthatthat overover oneone millionmillion bagsbags arearebeingbeing usedused everyevery minuteminute.. India'sIndia'splasticsplastics consumptionconsumption isis oneone ofof thethehighesthighest inin thethe worldworldhighesthighest inin thethe worldworld..

39

ILL EFFECTS OF PLASTIC BAGSILL EFFECTS OF PLASTIC BAGSILL EFFECTS OF PLASTIC BAGSILL EFFECTS OF PLASTIC BAGS

AnimalsAnimals andand seasea creaturescreatures areare hurthurt andandkilledkilled everyevery dayday byby discardeddiscarded plasticplasticbagsbags.. PlasticPlastic clogsclogs theirtheir intestinesintestines andandleadsleads toto slowslow starvationstarvation OthersOthers becomebecomeleadsleads toto slowslow starvationstarvation.. OthersOthers becomebecomeentangledentangled inin plasticplastic bagsbags andand drowndrown..HundredsHundreds ofof cowscows diedie everyevery yearyear whenwhentheythey chokechoke onon plasticplastic bagsbags whilewhile tryingtryingtheythey chokechoke onon plasticplastic bagsbags whilewhile tryingtryingtoto eateat vegetablevegetable wastewaste stuffedstuffed inin thethegarbagegarbage..GivenGiven India'sIndia's poorpoor garbagegarbage collectioncollection facilities,facilities, tonstons ofofplasticplastic bagsbags litterlitter thethe roads,roads, preventingpreventing rainwaterrainwater fromfromseepingseeping intointo thethe groundground.. TheyThey clogclog upup guttersgutters andand drainsdrains

40

p gp g gg yy gg pp ggcausingcausing waterwater andand sewagesewage toto overflowoverflow andand becomebecome thethebreedingbreeding groundsgrounds ofof germsgerms andand bacteriabacteria thatthat causecause diseasesdiseases..

CONTINUE…CONTINUE…CON NU …CON NU …

EveryEvery yearyear ourour seasseas becomebecome homehome toto moremore andand moremore bagsbagsthatthat findfind theirtheir wayway therethere throughthrough ourour sewerssewers andand waterwayswaterways..BesidesBesides chokingchoking drains,drains, plasticsplastics areare highlyhighly toxicstoxics.. WhenWhenburnedburned theythey releaserelease cancercancer--causingcausing gasesgases.. TheThe cheapcheap bagsbagscontaincontain chemicalschemicals suchsuch asas cadmiumcadmium-- oror leadlead-- basedbasedchemicalschemicals thatthat areare harmfulharmful toto healthhealth.. TheseThese chemicalschemicals enterenterinin thethe foodfood chainchain andand causecause manymany lethallethal diseasesdiseases..PlasticPlastic bagsbags areare difficultdifficult andand costlycostly toto recyclerecycle andand mostmost endendupup onon landfilllandfill sitessites wherewhere theythey taketake aroundaround 300300 yearsyears totodegradedegrade.. TheyThey breakbreak downdown intointo tinytiny toxictoxic particlesparticles thatthat

t i tt i t thth f tilitf tilit ff ililcontaminatecontaminate thethe fertilityfertility ofof soilsoil..

41

ROLE OF GOVERNMENTROLE OF GOVERNMENTO O GOV N NO O GOV N N

SeveralSeveral IndianIndian statesstates suchsuch asas Maharashtra,Maharashtra, Delhi,Delhi, Punjab,Punjab,,, ,, j ,j ,Rajasthan,Rajasthan, HimanchalHimanchal Pradesh,Pradesh, GoaGoa ,, WestWest BengalBengal etcetc.. bannedbannedtheirtheir useuse..TheThe EnvironmentEnvironment MinistryMinistry hashas bannedbanned manufacturemanufacture andand useuse ofofTheThe EnvironmentEnvironment MinistryMinistry hashas bannedbanned manufacturemanufacture andand useuse ofofplasticsplastics carrycarry bagsbags lessless thanthan 88 inchesinches XX 1212 inchesinches inin sizesize 2020micronmicron inin widthwidth..TheThe EnvironmentEnvironment MinistryMinistry hashas alsoalso askedasked StateState GovernmentsGovernments totoregisterregister allall plasticsplastics manufacturingmanufacturing unit,unit, soso thatthat thesethese cancan beberegulatedregulated..ggTheThe RajasthanRajasthan Government,Government, hashas putput aa banban toto useuse plasticplastic bagsbags forforfoodfood stuffsstuffs inin RajasthanRajasthan.. However,However, thethe implementationimplementation ofof thetheorderorder hashas beenbeen tardytardy evidentevident fromfrom thethe largelarge numbernumber ofof polythenepolytheneorderorder hashas beenbeen tardy,tardy, evidentevident fromfrom thethe largelarge numbernumber ofof polythenepolythenebagsbags strewnstrewn inin everyevery majormajor towntown andand citycity..

42

STEPS TO BE TAKENSTEPS TO BE TAKENS S O NS S O N

FirstlyFirstly wewe shouldshould completelycompletely declinedecline thethe useuse ofof polypoly bagsbags andandspreadspread awarenessawareness regardingregarding thethe illill effectseffects ofof plasticplastic bagsbagsspreadspread awarenessawareness regardingregarding thethe illill effectseffects ofof plasticplastic bagsbags..

SomeSome alternativesalternatives shouldshould bebe usedused inin placeplace ofof plasticplastic bagsbags.. TheThealternativealternative toto plasticplastic bagsbags areare paperpaper bags,bags, jutejute bagsbags andand clothclothbagsbags PaperPaper JuteJute andand ClothCloth areare ecoeco friendlyfriendly JuteJute bagsbags areare mostmostbagsbags.. Paper,Paper, JuteJute andand ClothCloth areare ecoeco--friendlyfriendly.. JuteJute bagsbags areare mostmostsuitablesuitable substitutesubstitute thenthen paperpaper andand cloth,cloth, becausebecause itit isis cheapercheaperthenthen clothcloth andand reusablereusable.. ThoughThough paperpaper bagsbags areare cheapercheaper thenthenjutejute bagsbags butbut lessless durabledurable..

TheThe mainmain reasonreason ofof plasticplastic bagbag pollutionpollution isis thatthat thethe polypoly--bagbagcomescomes freefree.. ShopShop--keeperskeepers blindlyblindly handhand outout polythenepolythene carrycarry--bags,bags, eveneven ifif youyou buybuy justjust aa tubetube ofof toothpastetoothpaste oror aa pencil,pencil, littlelittlecaringcaring thatthat thethe bagbag willwill bebe inin thethe dustbindustbin afterafter somesome timetime TheThecaringcaring thatthat thethe bagbag willwill bebe inin thethe dustbindustbin afterafter somesome timetime.. TheTheshopkeepersshopkeepers shouldshould includeinclude thethe costcost ofof polypoly bagsbags inin thethe bill,bill,alongalong withwith otherother billedbilled productsproducts.. PeoplePeople willwill thenthen finallyfinally taketakesomesome stepssteps toto reducereduce thethe dependencedependence onon polythenepolythene andand trytry andandreusereuse themthem oror carrycarry clothcloth bagsbags..yy gg

43

CONTINUE…CONTINUE…CON NU …CON NU …

WasteWaste foodfood stuffstuff shouldshould notnot bebe bowledbowled inin thetheWasteWaste foodfood stuffstuff shouldshould notnot bebe bowledbowled inin thetheplasticplastic bagsbags soso thatthat animalsanimals remainremain awayaway fromfromthemthem andand dodo notnot getget hurthurt byby themthem..gg yyTheThe drainagedrainage systemsystem shouldshould bebe keptkept inin checkcheckandand shouldshould bebe cleanclean byby timetime toto timetime toto avoidavoidyythethe blockageblockage causedcaused byby thethe plasticplastic bagsbags..ColouredColoured plasticplastic bagsbags shouldshould notnot bebe usedused asaspp ggtheythey moremore hazardoushazardous chemicalschemicals andand organicorganicsubstancessubstances thanthan thethe ordinaryordinary plasticplastic bagsbags..

44

WHAT DOES STATUTE SAYS ABOUT WHAT DOES STATUTE SAYS ABOUT

BesidesBesides thethe assistanceassistance ofof peoplepeople aa numbernumber ofof lawslaws areare

ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

BesidesBesides thethe assistanceassistance ofof peoplepeople aa numbernumber ofof lawslaws arearetherethere toto protectprotect thethe environmentenvironment..

1.1. THETHE ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT PROTECTIONPROTECTION ACT,ACT, 19861986THETHE AIRAIR (PREVENTION(PREVENTION ANDAND CONTROLCONTROL OFOF2.2. THETHE AIRAIR (PREVENTION(PREVENTION ANDAND CONTROLCONTROL OFOFPOLLUTION)POLLUTION) ACT,ACT, 19811981

3.3. THETHE WATERWATER (PREVENTION(PREVENTION ANDAND CONTROLCONTROL OFOF3.3. THETHE WATERWATER (PREVENTION(PREVENTION ANDAND CONTROLCONTROL OFOFPOLLUTION)POLLUTION) ACT,ACT, 19741974

4.4. THETHE NOISENOISE POLLUTIONPOLLUTION (REGULATION(REGULATION ANDANDCONTROL)CONTROL) RULESRULES 20002000CONTROL)CONTROL) RULES,RULES, 20002000

5.5. INDIANINDIAN PENALPENAL CODE,CODE, 18601860

45

ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ACT, 1986ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ACT, 1986THETHE ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION)(PROTECTION) ACT,ACT, 19861986containscontains extensiveextensive measuresmeasures relatedrelated toto environmentenvironment..

SectionSection 22(a)(a) ofof thisthis ActAct definesdefines environmentenvironment asas "environment""environment"includesincludes water,water, airair andand landland andand thethe interinter-- relationshiprelationship whichwhichexistsexists amongamong andand betweenbetween water,water, airair andand land,land, andand humanhumanbeings,beings, otherother livingliving creatures,creatures, plants,plants, micromicro--organismorganism andand

t ”t ”g ,g , gg ,, p ,p , gg

property”property”

SectionSection 22(b)(b) describesdescribes environmentenvironment pollutantpollutant asas “any“any solid,solid,liquidliquid oror gaseousgaseous substancesubstance presentpresent inin suchsuch concentrationconcentration asasqu dqu d oo gaseousgaseous substa cesubsta ce p ese tp ese t sucsuc co ce t at oco ce t at o asasmaymay be,be, oror tendtend toto be,be, injuriousinjurious toto environment”environment”

SectionSection 22(c)(c) describesdescribes environmentenvironment pollutionpollution.. “Environmental“Environmentalpollutionpollution meansmeans thethe presencepresence inin thethe environmentenvironment ofof anyanypollutionpollution meansmeans thethe presencepresence inin thethe environmentenvironment ofof anyanyenvironmentalenvironmental pollutantpollutant

46

POWER OF GOVERNMENTPOWER OF GOVERNMENTOW O GOV N NOW O GOV N N

Section 3 of Environment Protection Act, 1986Section 3 of Environment Protection Act, 1986Section 3 of Environment Protection Act, 1986 Section 3 of Environment Protection Act, 1986 provides extensive powers to Central Government to provides extensive powers to Central Government to take measures to improve and protect environment. take measures to improve and protect environment. It says that the Central Government, shall have the It says that the Central Government, shall have the power to take all such measures as it deems necessary power to take all such measures as it deems necessary or expedient for the purpose of protecting and or expedient for the purpose of protecting and improving the quality of the environment and improving the quality of the environment and

ti t lli d b ti i t lti t lli d b ti i t lpreventing controlling and abating environmental preventing controlling and abating environmental pollution. pollution.

47

PENALTY FOR CONTRAVENTION OF THE PENALTY FOR CONTRAVENTION OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACTPROVISIONS OF THE ACTPROVISIONS OF THE ACTPROVISIONS OF THE ACT

SectionSection 1515 ofof thethe ActAct definesdefines penaltiespenalties forfor thethe breachbreach ofof thethe provisionsprovisions ofof thetheActAct andand thethe rulesrules andand directionsdirections mademade underunder ititActAct andand thethe rulesrules andand directionsdirections mademade underunder itit..

ItIt sayssays thatthat “whoever“whoever failsfails toto complycomply withwith oror contravenescontravenes anyany ofof thetheprovisionsprovisions ofof thisthis Act,Act, oror thethe rulesrules mademade oror ordersorders oror directionsdirections issuedissued therethere

dd h llh ll ii ff hh hh f ilf il ii bb i h bli h blunder,under, shall,shall, inin respectrespect ofof eacheach suchsuch failurefailure oror contravention,contravention, bebe punishablepunishablewithwith imprisonmentimprisonment forfor aa termterm whichwhich maymay extendextend toto fivefive yearsyears withwith finefine whichwhichmaymay extendextend toto oneone lakhlakh rupees,rupees, oror withwith both,both, andand inin casecase thethe failurefailure ororcontraventioncontravention continues,continues, withwith additionaladditional finefine whichwhich maymay extendextend toto fivefiveh dh d ff dd d id i hi hhi h hh f ilf il iithousandthousand rupeesrupees forfor everyevery dayday duringduring whichwhich suchsuch failurefailure oror contraventioncontravention

continuescontinues afterafter thethe convictionconviction forfor thethe firstfirst suchsuch failurefailure oror contravention”contravention”..

ItIt furtherfurther sayssays thatthat “if“if thethe failurefailure oror contraventioncontravention referredreferred toto inin subsub--sectionsection ((11))ItIt furtherfurther sayssays thatthat ifif thethe failurefailure oror contraventioncontravention referredreferred toto inin subsub sectionsection ((11))continuescontinues beyondbeyond aa periodperiod ofof oneone yearyear afterafter thethe datedate ofof conviction,conviction, thethe offenderoffendershallshall bebe punishablepunishable withwith imprisonmentimprisonment forfor aa termterm whichwhich maymay extendextend toto sevensevenyears”years”..

48

OFFENCES BY COMPANIES OFFENCES BY COMPANIES O NC S CO N SO NC S CO N SSectionSection 1616 ofof thethe ActAct providesprovides provisionprovision forfor thethe liabilityliability ofof privateprivate companiescompaniesregardingregarding environmentenvironment pollutionpollution..ItIt sayssays thatthat “where“where anyany offenceoffence underunder thisthis ActAct hashas beenbeen committedcommitted byby aaItIt sayssays thatthat “where“where anyany offenceoffence underunder thisthis ActAct hashas beenbeen committedcommitted byby aacompany,company, everyevery personperson who,who, atat thethe timetime thethe offenceoffence waswas committed,committed, waswasdirectlydirectly inin chargecharge of,of, andand waswas responsibleresponsible to,to, thethe companycompany forfor thethe conductconduct ofofthethe businessbusiness ofof thethe company,company, asas wellwell asas thethe company,company, shallshall bebe deemeddeemed toto bebep y,p y, p y,p y,guiltyguilty ofof thethe offenceoffence andand shallshall bebe liableliable toto bebe proceededproceeded againstagainst andand punishedpunishedaccordinglyaccordingly;; providedprovided thatthat nothingnothing containedcontained inin thisthis subsub--sectionsection shallshall renderrenderanyany suchsuch personperson liableliable toto anyany punishmentpunishment providedprovided inin thisthis Act,Act, ifif hehe provesprovesthatthat thethe offenceoffence waswas committedcommitted withoutwithout hishis knowledgeknowledge oror thatthat hehe exercisedexercisedallall duedue diligencediligence toto preventprevent thethe commissioncommission ofof suchsuch offenceoffence..ItIt furtherfurther sayssays thatthat “notwithstanding“notwithstanding anythinganything containedcontained inin subsub--sectionsection ((11),),

hh ffff dd thithi A tA t hh bb itt ditt d bb dd itit iiwherewhere anan offenceoffence underunder thisthis ActAct hashas beenbeen committedcommitted byby aa companycompany andand itit isisprovedproved thatthat thethe offenceoffence hashas beenbeen committedcommitted withwith thethe consentconsent oror connivanceconnivanceof,of, oror isis attributableattributable toto anyany neglectneglect onon thethe partpart of,of, anyany director,director, manager,manager,secretarysecretary oror otherother officerofficer ofof thethe company,company, suchsuch director,director, manager,manager, secretarysecretarysecretarysecretary oror otherother officerofficer ofof thethe company,company, suchsuch director,director, manager,manager, secretarysecretaryoror otherother officerofficer shallshall alsoalso deemeddeemed toto bebe guiltyguilty ofof thatthat offenceoffence andand shallshall bebeliableliable toto bebe proceededproceeded againstagainst andand punishedpunished accordingly”accordingly”..

49

OFFENCES BY GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS OFFENCES BY GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS O NC S GOV N N N SO NC S GOV N N N S

Section 17 of this Act contains provisions for the liability of government Section 17 of this Act contains provisions for the liability of government departments regarding to environment pollutiondepartments regarding to environment pollutiondepartments regarding to environment pollutiondepartments regarding to environment pollutionIt says that “where an offence under this Act has been committed by any It says that “where an offence under this Act has been committed by any Department of Government, the Head of the Department shall be deemed Department of Government, the Head of the Department shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly; provided that nothing contained in this section shallpunished accordingly; provided that nothing contained in this section shallpunished accordingly; provided that nothing contained in this section shall punished accordingly; provided that nothing contained in this section shall render such Head of the Department liable to any punishment if he proves render such Head of the Department liable to any punishment if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercise that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercise all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence”.all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence”.It further states that “notwithstanding anything contained in subIt further states that “notwithstanding anything contained in sub sectionsectionIt further states that “notwithstanding anything contained in subIt further states that “notwithstanding anything contained in sub--section section (1), where an offence under this Act has been committed by a Department (1), where an offence under this Act has been committed by a Department of Government and it is proved that the offence has been committed with of Government and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of any officer other than the Head of the Department such officer shallof any officer other than the Head of the Department such officer shallof, any officer, other than the Head of the Department, such officer shall of, any officer, other than the Head of the Department, such officer shall also be deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be also be deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly”proceeded against and punished accordingly”

50

PROVISIONS UNDER THE AIR (PREVENTION PROVISIONS UNDER THE AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT 1981AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT 1981AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981 AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981

This Act especially deals with the provisions regarding the prevention Air This Act especially deals with the provisions regarding the prevention Air P ll iP ll iPollution.Pollution.Section 2(a) defines air pollutant as “a means any solid, liquid or gaseous Section 2(a) defines air pollutant as “a means any solid, liquid or gaseous substancesubstance [(including noise)] present in the atmosphere in such [(including noise)] present in the atmosphere in such concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to human beings or otherconcentration as may be or tend to be injurious to human beings or otherconcentration as may be or tend to be injurious to human beings or other concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to human beings or other living creatures or plants or property or environment”. living creatures or plants or property or environment”. This Act further contains the provisions for central and state board for the This Act further contains the provisions for central and state board for the prevention of Air Pollution. prevention of Air Pollution. It says that the State Government after the consultation of State Board It says that the State Government after the consultation of State Board can declare any area as pollution control areas.can declare any area as pollution control areas.

51

CONTINUE…CONTINUE…CON NU …CON NU …

FurtherFurther thethe BoardsBoards areare authorisedauthorised toto makemake ananli tili ti tt tt tt i f ii f i tt M t litM t litapplicationsapplications toto courtscourts notnot inferiorinferior toto MetropolitanMetropolitan

MagistrateMagistrate oror aa JudicialJudicial MagistrateMagistrate forfor restrainingrestrainingpersonperson fromfrom causingcausing airair pollutionpollution..F thF th S tiS ti 2525 ff thithi A tA t thth B dB d hh ththFurtherFurther asas perper SectionSection 2525 ofof thisthis ActAct thethe BoardBoard hashas thethepowerpower toto obtainobtain informationinformation fromfrom anyany personperson ororindustryindustry blowingblowing outout pollutionpollution andand forfor thethe verificationverificationofof informationinformation thethe BoardBoard oror suchsuch officerofficer shallshall havehave thetheofof informationinformation thethe BoardBoard oror suchsuch officerofficer shallshall havehave thetherightright toto inspectinspect thethe premisespremises wherewhere suchsuch industry,industry,controlcontrol equipmentequipment oror industrialindustrial plantplant isis beingbeing carriedcarried ononoror operatedoperated..ppTheThe BoardBoard alsoalso hashas thethe powerpower toto taketake samplessamples ofof

emittedemitted airair fromfrom anan industryindustry..

52

PENALTIES UNDER THE ACTPENALTIES UNDER THE ACTN S UN CN S UN C

SectionSection 3737 ofof thisthis ActAct providesprovides penaltiespenalties forfor thethet tit ti ff thth i ii i ff thth A tA t ItIt th tth tcontraventioncontravention forfor thethe provisionsprovisions ofof thethe ActAct.. ItIt sayssays thatthat

whoeverwhoever failsfails toto complycomply withwith thethe provisionsprovisions mademade underunderthethe ActAct shallshall bebe punishablepunishable withwith imprisonmentimprisonment forfor aatermsterms whichwhich shallshall notnot bebe lessless thanthan oneone yearyear andand sixsixtermsterms whichwhich shallshall notnot bebe lessless thanthan oneone yearyear andand sixsixmonthsmonths butbut whichwhich maymay extendextend toto sixsix yearsyears andand withwith fine,fine,andand inin casecase thethe failurefailure continues,continues, withwith anan additionaladditional finefinewhichwhich maymay extendextend toto fivefive thousandthousand rupeesrupees forfor everyevery daydayd id i hi hhi h hh f ilf il titi ftft thth i tii tiduringduring whichwhich suchsuch failurefailure continuescontinues afterafter thethe convictionconvictionforfor thethe firstfirst suchsuch failurefailure..ItIt furtherfurther sayssays thatthat ifif thethe failurefailure continuescontinues beyondbeyond aaperiodperiod ofof oneone yearyear afterafter thethe datedate ofof convictionconviction thetheperiodperiod ofof oneone yearyear afterafter thethe datedate ofof conviction,conviction, thetheoffenderoffender shallshall bebe punishablepunishable withwith imprisonmentimprisonment forfor aatermterm whichwhich shallshall notnot bebe lessless thanthan twotwo yearsyears butbut whichwhichmaymay extendextend toto sevenseven yearsyears andand withwith finefine..yy yy

53

PROVISIONS UNDER WATER (PREVENTION PROVISIONS UNDER WATER (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT 1974AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT 1974AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1974 AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1974

ThisThis ActAct dealsdeals withwith thethe provisionsprovisions regardingregarding waterwater pollutionpollution..pp g gg g ppSectionSection 22 (e)(e) ofof thisthis ActAct definesdefines waterwater pollutionpollution asas suchsuchcontaminationcontamination ofof waterwater oror suchsuch alterationalteration ofof thethe physical,physical, chemicalchemical ororbiologicalbiological propertiesproperties ofof waterwater oror suchsuch dischargedischarge ofof anyany sewagesewage ororbiologicalbiological propertiesproperties ofof waterwater oror suchsuch dischargedischarge ofof anyany sewagesewage orortradetrade effluenteffluent oror ofof anyany otherother liquid,liquid, gaseousgaseous oror solidsolid substancesubstance intointowaterwater (whether(whether directlydirectly oror indirectly)indirectly) asas may,may, oror isis likelylikely to,to, createcreate aanuisancenuisance oror renderrender suchsuch waterwater harmfulharmful oror injuriousinjurious toto publicpublic healthhealth orornuisancenuisance oror renderrender suchsuch waterwater harmfulharmful oror injuriousinjurious toto publicpublic healthhealth ororsafety,safety, oror toto domestic,domestic, commercial,commercial, industrial,industrial, agriculturalagricultural oror otherotherlegitimatelegitimate uses,uses, oror toto thethe lifelife andand healthhealth ofof animalsanimals oror plantsplants oror ofofaquaticaquatic organisersorganisersaquaticaquatic organisersorganisers..ThisThis ActAct alsoalso containscontains thethe provisionsprovisions forfor centralcentral andand statestate boardboard forforthethe preventionprevention ofof WaterWater PollutionPollution asas thethe AirAir PollutionPollution Act,Act, butbut itit alsoalsohashas thethe provisionsprovisions ofof jointjoint boardboard..

54

CONTINUE….CONTINUE….CON NU ….CON NU ….

TheThe ActAct sayssays thatthat thethe StateState GovernmentGovernment afterafter thethe consultationconsultation ofofSt tSt t B dB d d ld l tt ll till ti titi ddStateState BoardBoard cancan declaredeclare anyany areaarea asas waterwater pollution,pollution, preventionprevention andandcontrolcontrol areasareas..StateState BoardBoard oror anyany officerofficer empoweredempowered byby itit inin thatthat behalf,behalf, maymaymakemake surveyssurveys ofof anyany areaarea andand testtest andand keepkeep recordsrecords ofof thethe flowflow orormakemake surveyssurveys ofof anyany areaarea andand testtest andand keepkeep recordsrecords ofof thethe flowflow ororvolumevolume andand otherother characteristicscharacteristics ofof anyany streamstream oror wellwell inin suchsuch areaarea..AnyAny personperson empoweredempowered byby aa StateState BoardBoard shallshall havehave aa rightright atat anyanyreasonablereasonable timetime toto enterenter anyany placeplace forfor thethe purposepurpose ofof performingperforming anyanyyy pp p pp p p gp g yyofof thethe functionsfunctions ofof thethe BoardBoard entrustedentrusted toto himhim oror forfor thethe purposepurpose ofofexaminingexamining anyany plant,plant, record,record, register,register, documentdocument oror anyany otherothermaterialmaterial objectobject oror forfor conductingconducting aa searchsearch ofof anyany placeplace inin whichwhich hehehashas reasonreason toto believebelieve thatthat anan offenceoffence underunder thisthis ActAct oror thethe rulesruleshashas reasonreason toto believebelieve thatthat anan offenceoffence underunder thisthis ActAct oror thethe rulesrulesmademade therethere underunder hashas beenbeen oror isis beingbeing oror isis aboutabout toto bebe committedcommitted

55

PENALTIES UNDER THE ACTPENALTIES UNDER THE ACTPENALTIES UNDER THE ACTPENALTIES UNDER THE ACT

SectionSection 4141 ofof thisthis ActAct providesprovides penaltiespenalties forfor thethepp ppcontraventioncontravention forfor thethe provisionsprovisions ofof thethe ActAct.. ItIt sayssays thatthatwhoeverwhoever failsfails toto complycomply withwith thethe directiondirection givengiven underunder thisthisActAct shall,shall, onon conviction,conviction, bebe punishablepunishable withwith imprisonmentimprisonmentActAct shall,shall, onon conviction,conviction, bebe punishablepunishable withwith imprisonmentimprisonmentforfor aa termterm whichwhich maymay extendextend toto threethree monthsmonths oror withwith finefinewhichwhich maymay extendextend toto tenten thousandthousand rupeesrupees oror bothboth toto sixsixyearsyears andand withwith finefineyearsyears andand withwith finefine..IfIf thethe failurefailure continuescontinues beyondbeyond aa periodperiod ofof oneone yearyear..afterafter thethe datedate ofof conviction,conviction, thethe offenderoffender shall,shall, onon

conviction,conviction, bebe punishablepunishable withwith imprisonmentimprisonment forfor aa termtermwhichwhich shallshall notnot bebe lessless thanthan twotwo yearsyears butbut whichwhich maymay extendextendtoto sevenseven yearsyears andand withwith finefine..yy

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PROVISIONS UNDER THE NOISE POLLUTION PROVISIONS UNDER THE NOISE POLLUTION (REGULATION AND CONTROL) RULES, 2000(REGULATION AND CONTROL) RULES, 2000

BesidesBesides thethe provisionsprovisions underunder thethe EnvironmentEnvironment ActAct 19861986 NoiseNoise PollutionPollutionBesidesBesides thethe provisionsprovisions underunder thethe EnvironmentEnvironment Act,Act, 19861986 NoiseNoise PollutionPollutionRules,Rules, 20002000 alsoalso dealsdeals withwith thethe provisionsprovisions regardingregarding thethe preventionprevention ofofnoisenoise pollutionpollution..ItIt sayssays thatthat thethe StateState GovernmentGovernment shallshall categorizecategorize thethe areasareas intointoItIt sayssays thatthat thethe StateState GovernmentGovernment shallshall categorizecategorize thethe areasareas intointoindustrial,industrial, commercial,commercial, residentialresidential oror silencesilence areas/zonesareas/zones forfor thethe purposepurposeofof implementationimplementation ofof noisenoise standardsstandards forfor differentdifferent areasareas..ItIt furtherfurther sayssays thatthat allall developmentdevelopment authoritiesauthorities locallocal bodiesbodies andand otherotherItIt furtherfurther sayssays thatthat allall developmentdevelopment authorities,authorities, locallocal bodiesbodies andand otherotherconcernedconcerned authoritiesauthorities whilewhile planningplanning developmentaldevelopmental activityactivity oror carryingcarryingoutout functionsfunctions relatingrelating toto towntown andand countrycountry planningplanning shallshall taketake intointoconsiderationconsideration allall aspectsaspects ofof noisenoise pollutionpollution asas aa parameterparameter ofof qualityquality ofofconsiderationconsideration allall aspectsaspects ofof noisenoise pollutionpollution asas aa parameterparameter ofof qualityquality ofoflifelife toto avoidavoid noisenoise nuisancenuisance..AnAn areaarea comprisingcomprising notnot lessless thanthan 100100 metersmeters aroundaround hospitals,hospitals,educationaleducational institutionsinstitutions andand courtscourts maymay bebe declareddeclared asas silencesilence area/zonearea/zoneeducationaleducational institutionsinstitutions andand courtscourts maymay bebe declareddeclared asas silencesilence area/zonearea/zoneforfor thethe purposepurpose ofof thesethese rulesrules..

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CONTINUE…..CONTINUE…..CONTINUE…..CONTINUE…..

ItIt sayssays thatthat aa loudloud speakerspeaker oror aa publicpublic addressaddress systemsystem shallshall notnot bebedd tt ftft bt i ibt i i ittitt i ii i ff thth th itth itusedused exceptexcept afterafter obtainingobtaining writtenwritten permissionpermission fromfrom thethe authorityauthority..

AA loudloud speakerspeaker oror aa publicpublic addressaddress systemsystem shallshall notnot bebe usedused atat nightnight(between(between 1010..0000 pmpm toto 66..0000 am)am) exceptexcept inin closedclosed premisespremises forforcommunicationcommunication withinwithin ee gg auditoriaauditoria conferenceconference roomsrooms communitycommunitycommunicationcommunication withinwithin ee..gg.. auditoria,auditoria, conferenceconference rooms,rooms, communitycommunityhallshalls andand banquetbanquet hallshalls..TheThe StateState GovernmentGovernment maymay subjectsubject toto suchsuch termsterms andand conditionsconditions asasareare necessarynecessary toto reducereduce noisenoise pollutionpollution permitpermit useuse ofof loudloud speakersspeakersyy pp pp pporor publicpublic addressaddress systemssystems duringduring nightnight hourshours (between(between 1010..0000 pp..mm.. toto1212..0000 midnight)midnight) onon oror duringduring anyany culturalcultural oror religiousreligious festivefestiveoccasionoccasion ofof aa limitedlimited durationduration notnot exceedingexceeding fifteenfifteen daysdays inin allallduringduring aa calendarcalendar yearyearduringduring aa calendarcalendar yearyear..

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POWER TO PROHIBITPOWER TO PROHIBITPOWER TO PROHIBITPOWER TO PROHIBITIfIf thethe authorityauthority isis satisfiedsatisfied fromfrom thethe reportreport ofof anan officerofficer inchargeincharge ofof aapolicepolice stationstation oror otherother informationinformation receivedreceived byby himhim thatthat itit isis necessarynecessary totododo soso inin orderorder toto preventprevent annoyance,annoyance, disturbance,disturbance, discomfortdiscomfort oror injuryinjury ororriskrisk ofof annoyance,annoyance, toto thethe publicpublic oror toto anyany personperson whowho dwelldwell oror occupyoccupypropertyproperty onon thethe vicinity,vicinity, hehe may,may, byby aa writtenwritten orderorder issueissue suchsuch directionsdirections

hh idid ff ii hibi ihibi iasas hehe maymay considerconsider necessarynecessary toto anyany personperson forfor preventing,preventing, prohibiting,prohibiting,controllingcontrolling oror regulatingregulating::--(a)the(a)the incidenceincidence oror continuancecontinuance inin oror uponupon anyany premisespremises ofof anyany vocalvocal orori li l ii dd dd bb l il i b ib i bl ibl iinstrumentalinstrumental musicmusic oror soundssounds causedcaused byby playing,playing, beating,beating, blowingblowing oror useuseinin anyany mannermanner whatsoeverwhatsoever ofof anyany instrumentinstrument includingincluding loudspeakers,loudspeakers,publicpublic addressaddress systems,systems, applianceappliance oror apparatusapparatus oror contrivancecontrivance whichwhich isiscapablecapable ofof producingproducing oror rere producingproducing soundsound ororcapablecapable ofof producingproducing oror rere--producingproducing sound,sound, oror(b)the(b)the carryingcarrying onon inin oror upon,upon, anyany premisespremises ofof anyany trade,trade, avocationavocation ororoperationoperation oror processprocess resultingresulting inin oror attendedattended withwith noisenoise..

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PROVISIONS UNDER INDIAN PENAL PROVISIONS UNDER INDIAN PENAL CODE 1860CODE 1860CODE, 1860CODE, 1860

B fB f thth i t d tii t d ti thth E i tE i t P t tiP t tiBeforeBefore thethe introductionintroduction thethe EnvironmentEnvironment ProtectionProtectionAct,Act, 19861986 certaincertain provisionsprovisions werewere alreadyalready therethere ininthethe IndianIndian PenalPenal Code,Code, 18601860,,SectionSection 277277 ofof IPCIPC definesdefines thethe penaltiespenalties forfordistortingdistorting thethe waterwater resourcesresources.. ItIt sayssays thatthat“Whoever“Whoever voluntarilyvoluntarily corruptscorrupts oror foulsfouls thethe waterwater ofofanyany publicpublic springspring oror reservoir,reservoir, soso asas toto renderrender itit lesslessfitfit forfor thethe purposepurpose forfor whichwhich itit isis ordinarilyordinarily usedusedfitfit forfor thethe purposepurpose forfor whichwhich itit isis ordinarilyordinarily used,used,shallshall bebe punishedpunished withwith imprisonmentimprisonment ofof eithereitherdescriptiondescription aa termterm whichwhich maymay extendextend toto threethreemonths,months, oror withwith finefine whichwhich maymay extendextend toto fivefivehundredhundred rupees,rupees, oror withwith both”both”.. 60

CONTINUE……CONTINUE……CONTINUE……CONTINUE……FurtherFurther SectionSection 278278 ofof IPCIPC imposesimposes liabilityliability uponupon aapp yy pppersonperson whowho makesmakes thethe environmentenvironment noxiousnoxious.. ItIt sayssaysthatthat “Whoever“Whoever voluntarilyvoluntarily vitiatesvitiates thethe atmosphereatmosphere ininanyany placeplace soso asas toto makemake itit noxiousnoxious toto thethe healthhealth ofofyy pppersonspersons inin generalgeneral dwellingdwelling oror carryingcarrying onon businessbusiness ininthethe neighborhoodneighborhood oror passingpassing alongalong aa publicpublic way,way, shallshallbebe punishedpunished withwith finefine whichwhich maymay extendextend toto fivefivepp yyhundredhundred rupees”rupees”..MoreMore overover SectionSection 284284,, 286286 andand 287287 restrictrestrict thethe useuse ofofpoisonouspoisonous substancesubstance explosiveexplosive substancesubstance andand anyanypoisonouspoisonous substance,substance, explosiveexplosive substancesubstance andand anyanymachinerymachinery inin anan unusualunusual mannermanner whichwhich isis dangerousdangerous totohumanhuman lifelife..

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Courtesy Nishith Jain

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