word graphs in architectural design b. de vries joran jessurun, nicole segers, henri achten
TRANSCRIPT
Word Graphs in Architectural Design
B. de Vries
Joran Jessurun, Nicole Segers, Henri Achten
Architectural Design DraftSketch of Le Corbusier
Research
Related research:
• Intelligent drawing objects
• Sketch recognition
Our approach: Annotations
Design Entities
• Sketch
• Words
• Image
• Marks
Lexical Associations
• Semantic: theoretical, common understanding
• Episodic: not theoretical, individual perception
(After Silbermann)
Word Graphs
Lexicon WordNet
Visualize DOT
User SemanticAssociations
Words
Images ofWord graphs
Uses
Uses
Direct RelationsNoun
Synonym Equivalent
Antonym Exact Opposite
Hyponym Subordinate – … is a kind of
Hypernym Superordinate – is a kind of …
Meronym Is a part of
Holonym Is a whole of
Verb
Synonym Equivalent
Antonym Exact Opposite
Troponym Particular ways to do this
Hypernym Superordinate – is one way to…
Entailment Cannot without, … entails doing
Adjective
Synonym Equivalent
Antonym Exact Opposite
Similar Not exactly the same
Pertainym Relational Adjective
Adverb
Synonym Equivalent
Antonym Exact Opposite
Indirect Relations
• Hypernym2
• Holonym2
Word Graph test system
Redundancy Filtering
• Ignore Transitive Hypernyms
• Ignore Transitive Holonyms
• Ignore Secondary Synonyms
house
building
structure
Relevance Filtering
• Ignore Same Syntax Words
• Remove Generated Distractors
wall wall
structure wall
object
Word Recognition
Experiment (brief)
• Prototype recordings
• Panel ratings
• Questionnaire
19 Professional Architects
Experiment Set-Up
Snapshot Work Desk
Results(1)
Is the design positively influenced?
Answer: Not significantly
Observation: Correlation with attitude towards words
Results(2)
Does the architect have more associations, ideas, and concepts?
Answer: Yes
Observation: Increase of design activity after acceptance of word graph
Results(3)
Which word graphs are accepted by architects and why?
•New words (49%)•Graph structure (20%)•Relationship between new and existing words (28%)
Results(4)
Is fixation reduced?
Answer: Not significantly
Observation: Dependent on abstraction level assignment
Results(5)
Is the design process positively influenced?
Answer: Yes
Observation: Correlation with attitude towards words
Outlook
• Personalized Design Ontology
• Design Indexing by Annotation
• Marks for Episodic Associations
Acknowledgements
Nicole Segers
Computational Representations of Words and Associations in
Architectural Design
www.ddss.arch.tue.nl