“WORKING SAFELY GOES AGAINST HUMAN NATURE”

ASSE Professional Development Conference

Session # 754

June 16, 2010

Tom HarveyElisa Kletter

Safety is not

instinctive!

Gain greater understanding of:• decision making• mental states• human nature• personal and group dynamicsWhy people do the things they do

GOALS

WORKING SAFELY GOES AGAINST HUMAN NATURE

Antecedent

Triggers or activates a behavior

Behavior

An observable act

Consequence

Directly follows a behavior

Behaviors & SafetyA B C Analysis

Factors that Affect Decisions to Act

EducationTrainingCommunicationInterpersonal RelationsWorkgroup DynamicsPersonalityAttitudes

Empowerment/AutonomyAuthorityParticipation

Heredity/CultureTask Design LeadershipRisk Perceptions

Conflict ResolutionRisk Taking/AversionPeer PressureOrganizational CultureManagement of ChangeExpectationsHabits

Discourage / Decrease the positive outcomes of unsafe behavior

Discourage / Decrease the negative outcomes of safe behavior

Reinforce / Increase the positive outcomes of safe behavior

Reinforce / Increase the negative outcomes of unsafe behavior.

Influence Behaviors and Actions

Encourage safe behavior

Discourage unsafe behavior

Positive and Negative outcomes

USE

Powerful outcomes

affect repeatabilit

y of behavior

Safe Behaviors

Unsafe Behaviors

Negative outcomes

Positive outcomes

•Fast-easy-less hassle•R+ for good job•Risk taking thrill

Work with human nature, not against it!

WHAT

HOW

HOW HOW

HOW

•Normalized Deviation

Normalized Deviation If you get away with a flawed safety decision one day or repeatedly, far from facing penalty you may actually end up rewarded, perhaps for boosting production. You may come to believe that what was thought to be unsafe is actually safe, based on your experience.

BP Explosion – 2005 – 15 killed; 180 injured

Space Shuttles Challenger and Columbia

Normalized Deviation

ASSIGNMENT: Identify examples of Normalized Deviation.

Where evidence of a problem is minimized, condoned, or ignored and there is a growing tolerance for things that are not quite right!

Safe Behaviors

Unsafe Behaviors

Negative outcomes

Positive outcomes

•Fast-easy-less hassle•R+ for good job•Risk taking thrill

Decrease Increase

IncreaseDecrease

Work with human nature, not against it!

•Longer and harder•Poor procedures •Frustration•Uncomfortable PPE

•No injury•Personal pride•Group value•Strong culture

•Injury potential•Getting caught•Doing wrong is never right!

WHAT

HOW

HOW HOW

HOW

•Normalized Deviation

Discourage / Decrease the positive outcomes of unsafe behavior

Influence Behaviors and Actions

WHAT HOW

Fast-easy-less hassleR+ for good jobRisk taking thrill

Normalized Deviation

Acknowledge difficultiesNever condone

Rigid performance standardsAccountability

Constructive Safety Feedback

Discourage / Decrease the negative outcomes of safe behavior

Influence Behaviors and Actions

WHAT HOW

Reasonable time framesSafe Operating Procedures

Right PPERemove barriers

Longer and harderPoor Procedures

FrustrationUncomfortable PPE

Encourage / Increase the positive outcomes of safe behavior

Influence Behaviors and Actions

WHAT HOW

No injuryPersonal pride Group value

Strong culture

RRRI“Thank You”

Foster habits that create values

Encourage / Increase the negative outcomes of unsafe behavior

Influence Behaviors and Actions

WHAT HOW

Injury potentialGetting caught

Doing wrong is never right!

Examples of injuriesSense of vulnerability –it can happen to you!

“What If?”Punishment

•Examples of injuries•Sense of vulnerability –it can happen to you!•“What If?”•Punishment

Safe Behaviors

Unsafe Behaviors

Negative outcomes

Positive outcomes

•RRRI•“Thank You”•Develop habits thatcreate values

•Reasonable time frames

•Safe Operating Procedures

•Right PPE•Remove barriers

•Fast-easy-less hassle•R+ for good job•Risk taking thrill•Normalized Deviation

Decrease Increase

IncreaseDecrease

Work with human nature, not against it!

•Acknowledge difficulties•Never condone•Rigid performance stds•Accountability•Constructive Feedback

•Longer and harder•Poor procedures •Frustration•Uncomfortable PPE

•No injury•Personal pride•Group value•Strong culture

•Injury potential•Getting caught•Doing wrong is never right!

WHAT

HOW

HOW HOW

HOW

Improvement Strategies

Improvement Strategies

Align with Human Nature

“Do all the good you

can,

In all the ways you

can,

To all the souls you

can,

In every place you

can,

At all the times you

can,

With all the zeal you

can,

As long as ever you

can”

-John Wesley

“WORKING SAFELY GOES AGAINST HUMAN NATURE”

ASSE Safety 2010

Session # 754

June 16, 2010

Tom HarveyElisa Kletter

www.alliedsafety.com