works in progress 2014 abstracts - fzab · 2013-1-no1-era10-06366 page 3 education and professional...
TRANSCRIPT
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366
Works in Progress 2014 Abstracts
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 1
CONTENTS
Group A
Children’s and Adolescents’ Health and Welfare
1.Anne Lisbeth Bråten Furnesvik HiOA School nurses’ attitudes towards high school dropouts …………………………………………………………4
2. Alison Mc Mahon TRINITY A qualitative exploration of how interagency work in a North Inner City area promotes child
protection and welfare as experienced by agency staff…………………………………………………………8
3. Nonyelum Norah Uzor TRINITY African Immigrant Children in Foster Care: Bridging the Cultural Imbalances………………………10
Mental Health Care 4. Carla Alexandra Calisto Matias IPL ComunicAr'te: promoting mental health, well-being and emotional expression in the person with mental disorder, through art in a group therapy…………………………………………………………12 5. Isaura Camilleri MALTA The Lived Experiences of Informal Caregivers of Persons with Depression………………………….14 Nursing 6. Sara Raquel Fernandes Tavares Sequeira IPL Systematic Literature Review: Prevention of the sequelae of immobility in the patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)........................................................................................................16 7. Jana Fajfar JESENICE
Utility of Findrisc questionnaire in screening for diabetes type 2………………………………………18
Education and Professional Role 8. Jahn Ingebrigtsen HIOA Anaesthesia nurses’ development, exercise and maintaining of competences…………………20 9. Adrienne Grech MALTA The perceptions of nursing students towards professional competence in nursing…………22
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Patients' Experiences 10. Ana Istenič JESENICE
Experiences of cervical cancer patients treated with internal radiation therapy………………24 11. Ellen Victoria Øverberg HIOA Anxiety, depression and perceived self-efficacy among cancer patients under treatment in a rehabilitation center. A pilot study…………………………………………………………….…………..…26
12. Daren Chircop Malta The lived experiences of patients receiving chemotherapy for Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…29 Group B Children’s and Adolescents’ Health and Welfare
13. João Paulo B.G.D.Balau IPL Effectiveness evaluation of a program to promoting mental health by the development of skills in adolescents…………………………………………………………………………………………………….…31 14. Elaine Couper TRINITY The impact of physical activity on vulnerable children’s resilience. Investigating children who have been recognized as needing help outside the family unit………………………………………34
Mental Health Care 15. Kristian Skjørten HIOA Can continuous monitoring of inpatients perceived therapeutic alliance be a helpful perspective in treatment of mental health and addiction illnesses (TSB – treatment)? ....37 16. Vera Lucia Carvalho Leal IPL The impact of psychotherapy in reducing anxiety in depressed patients………………………...40 Nursing 17. Carmen Mangion Malta The Perceptions of Paediatric Nurses regarding Family Centred Care: an exploratery study.........................................................................................................43 18. Majda Čaušević JESENICE
Non pharmacological approaches to the management of cancer chronic pain……………..45
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Education and Professional Role 19. Robert Skuhala JESENICE
Importance of Education of the Firemen about Basic Life Support with the Use of
Automatic External Defibrillator………………………………………………………………………………….47
20. Sinead Stakelum TRINITY Social Work Practice in HIV- Evaluating the Evolution An investigation into the role of social work within HIV services in Ireland and how social
work practice has changed in this setting over the past thirty years..............................49
Patients' Experiences 21. Lida Rohangiz Sheikholeslami HIOA Mestringsstrategier ved fantomsmerter hos beinamputerte pasienter i Rehabiliteringsfase…………………………………………………………………………………………………….51 22. Anna Gonzi MALTA Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention at Cardiac Catheterisation Suite in Malta: A
Patients’ Perception ………………………………………………………………………………………….…………53
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Anne Lisbeth Bråten Furnesvik
School nurses’ attitudes towards high school dropouts
Background: In Norway nearly 30% of registered adolescents in high school drop out of school within the five
years they are guaranteed to complete the three year programme (Falch, 2009) (Eriksen, 2010/12).
The Norwegian health sector coordination reform calls for better cooperation between health care
providers and local communities, and recommends more emphasis on prevention in health care
services (Helse-og-omsorgsdepartementet, 2012). Norwegian health authorities have announced
that school nurses will recieve more resources (Bakke, 2013). Despite this, money transferred to the
communities has not been used for this purpose (Grydeland Ersvik, 2014).
There is no single reason why students drop out of high school. Dropping out is not a sudden act, but
a gradual prosess of disengagement; attendance patterns are a clear early sign. (Jørgensen, 2013).
The school nurse can prevent dropout in high school if she is involved at an early stage, and
cooperation with school counselors and teachers is improved (Faktaark,2012).
A new OECD report says that Norway has very high high school dropout rate. It is the highest among
workers in the OECD countries (http://www.forskning.no/kortnytt/381747, 2014).
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Research design:
Tentative research questions:
What are the school nurses' attitudes towards high school dropouts?
How do school nurses describe their possibilities for early intervention and prevention?
How do non-dropouts describe reasons for staying in school and completing the programme?
How do dropouts describe reasons for dropping out of high school?
Qualitative interviews of approximately 5 school nurses in high school (Kvaale, 2010) and two
separate focus interviews are planned. The focus interviews are supposed to be with A) non-dropout
students and with B) dropouts. Semistructural interview guides will be constructed in accordance
with Kvale's recommendations for qualitative research (Kvale 2010).
Ethical considerations:
Ethical considerations are necessary for all levels of qualitative methods (Kvaale, 2010).
The most important ethical issue is not to harm the participants. It is also important to to maintain
anonymity of the data and confidentiality in the participant group. Understanding the difference
between information given as a participant, and information given in confidence is important as well.
What do they want to tell? The result cannot be generalized with so few participants and interviews.
The necessary formal approval from the regional ethical board will be obtained. The participants will
be informed that their participation is voluntary and that they can withdraw at any time.(Førde,
2010). Participants under 18 years old, must have their parents’ approval to participate.
Keywords:
School nurse, preventing, dropout, high school. Upper secondary school, truancy
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References: Bakke, K. A. (2013, 12 26). dagensmedisin.no. Hentet 2014 fra dagensmedisin.no:
dagensmedisin.no/Pages/PrintNewsArticle.aspxprintPageld=153522
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy : the exercise of control. New York : Freeman.
Eriksen, O. (2010/12). Bortvalg, frafall eller utdanningsbrudd? Hvordan kan vi forhindre at
ungdom bryter løpet i videregående skole? Basert på intervjuer med nøkkelpersoner
ved 6 videregående skoler i Østfold. Halden: Høgskolen i Østfold.
Faktaark i forhold til frafall i videregående skole, skolehelsetjenestens bidrag for å sikre at
flest mulig unge fullfører videregående utdanning. (2012, 08 24). LaH?
Falch, T. J. (2009, 12). www.regjeringen.no. Hentet 02 20, 2014 fra www.regjeringen.no:
www.regjeringen.no/upload/KD/Vedlegg/Grunnskolen/Frafall/Kostnader%20av%20fr
afall.pdf
Førde, R. D. (2010, 12 22). Helsinkideklarasjonen. Hentet 03 11, 2014 fra
Helsinkideklarasjonen: http://www.etikkom.no/FBIB/Praktisk/Lover-og-
retningslinjer/Helsinkideklarasjonen/
Grydeland Ersvik, A. E. (2014, 02 15). https://www.nsf.no "Slik fordeles de 180 millionene".
Hentet 02 15, 2014 fra https://www.nsf.no:
https://www.nsf.no/sykepleierforbundet/internett/print?p_document_id=1299647
Helse-og-omsorgsdepartementet. (2012, 01 01). http://www.regjeringen.no. Hentet 03 2014
fra http://www.regjeringen.no:
http://www.regjeringen.no/pages/2206374/PDFS/STM200820090047000DDDPDFS.p
df
http://www.forskning.no/kortnytt/381747. (2014). OECD: – 400.000 nordmenn mangler
grunnleggende ferdigheter. OECD.
Jørgensen, L. R. (2013, 12 26). http://www.forskning.no "Vil ha voksne som bryr seg". Hentet
fra http://www.forskning.no:
http://www.forskning.noartikler2010/272695/printdesember
Kaspersen, S. L. (2012, 09 28). sintef.no. Hentet 03 12, 2014 fra sintef.no:
https://www.sintef.no/uploadpages/282716/Sammendrag%20og%20hovedfunn.pdf
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 7
Kunnskapedepartementet, K. (2006, 06 30). LOV 2006-06-30 nr 56: Lov om behandling av
etikk og redelighet i forskning [forskningsetikkloven]. Hentet 03 11, 2014 fra
http://lovdata.no/: http://lovdata.no/all/hl-20060630-056.html
Kvaale, S. B. (2010). Det kvalitative forskningsintervju 2.utgave. Oslo: Gyldendal
Akademisk.
Kähler, C. F. (2012). Det kompetente selv : en introduktion til Albert Banduras teori om
selvkompetence og kontrol . Frederiksberg : Frydenlund.
Malterud, K. (2012). Fokusgrupper som forskningsmetode for medisin og helsefag. Oslo:
Universitetsforlaget.
Nordahl, M. (2013, 08 22). forskning.no. Hentet 03 11, 2014 fra forskning.no:
http://m.forskning.no/index.php?&action=roi&host=portal.forskning.no&mid=1801&i
id=6018170&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forskning.no%2Fartikler%2F2013%2Fa
ssb.no/. ( 2013, 05 28). Hentet 03 11, 2014 fra ssb.no/: http://www.ssb.no/vgogjen
Ungdom som søker helsehjelp dropper oftere ut av skolen. (u.d.). Dagens Medisin.
(u.d.). Utviklingsstrategi for helsestasjons-og-skolehelsetjenesten. Oslo: Helsedirektoratet.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 8
Alison McMahon
Title
A qualitative exploration of how interagency work in a North Inner City area promotes child
protection and welfare as experienced by agency staff.
Background:
The importance of interagency work has been highlighted in a number of high profile abuse
investigations in Ireland. For example investigators in the Roscommon Report (2010) found
that it was the number of services involved rather than the lack of them that led to the delay
in identifying the extent of the children’s suffering. The Ombudsman for Children and the
Department for Youth and Child affairs have both recommended the implementation of a
protocol to facilitate better co-operation. The Young People at Risk (YPAR, 2010) initiative in
the North Inner City of Dublin is an example of one such protocol. This research aims to explore
the strengths and weakness of this protocol.
Research design:
A qualitative methodological approach will be employed in this research due to the
exploratory nature of this study. Data will be collected using focus groups. As YPAR comprises
of a large number of agencies, individual interviews may restrict the makeup of the sample
and possibly exclude services that have a valuable input. The sample will be purposive and
chosen based on the knowledge of the research area. The proposed sample for this study is
staff members from different agencies with YPAR who have engaged in the YPAR protocol at
least once. By using focus groups this research aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses
of the protocol as they are identified by the inter-agency staff engaging in the process.
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Ethical considerations:
As I am conducting this research in an area where I have worked, I must be aware of my own
biases while facilitating the focus groups. It would be unethical to attribute more or less
weight to someone’s opinion due to my encounters with them in the past. Similarly it is
important that I do not only include people I know personally in my sample. Although I will
consult with the main stakeholders involved with YPAR, I must be objective in my findings and
not be swayed by what they hope I find. Any names or cases mentioned in the focus groups
will be anonymised. The proposed research will be submitted for Trinity College Dublin ethical
approval prior to commencing research.
Keywords: Inter-agency collaboration; child protection; child welfare.
References:
Denscombe, M. (2003). The good research guide for small-scale social research projects.
2nd ed. Maidenhead: Open University Press
Ferns Report (2005) Dublin: Government Publications
Ombudsman for Children (2012). Follow up on progress made in relation to the
recommendations made on conclusion of the investigation into the implementation of
Children First: National Guidelines for the Protection and Welfare of Children. Dublin:
Ombudsman for Children Office
Roscommon Report (2010) Dublin: Government Publications
The Kilkenny Incest Inquiry (1992). Dublin: Government Publications
The Ryan Report (2009) Commission to Inquire into child abuse. Dublin: Government
Publications
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Name: Nonyelum Norah Uzor
E-mail: [email protected]
Title: African Immigrant Children in Foster Care: Bridging the Cultural
Imbalances
Background: What does research literature say about your topic, and how does it support
your interest in doing a study in this area?
The changing nature of childhood in 21st century multicultural Ireland presents persistent
public policy concern, with professionals warning of dangers of sexual abuses, increasing
access to pornography and other inappropriate media images and stresses on the heart and
soul of children (Murray, 2006). Recognizing the importance of the rights of children,
countries in Europe, have all signed the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), with an
obligation to address the needs of separated children in the continent (Arnold and Collins,
2011). Culturally there is an increase in diversity in family values and the presence of ethnic
minorities (including Africans) have produced considerable cultural variety in family forms
and in ‘the way families organize their respective individual domestic duties and their links
with the wider social environment in a variety of ways’ (Giddens, 2009:339). This research
intends to investigate the institutional and structural context that shape and influence
foster care for African immigrant children and its implications on the families.
Research design:
The principal methodology to be employed in my research is a triangulation of several data
collection techniques that are both qualitative and quantitative. Triangulation refers to the
use of more than one data collection technique in the study of a social phenomenon, which
enables the researcher cross check findings and compensate for the weaknesses of each of
the methods (Bryman, 2004).
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In conducting this research, I will undertake an extensive analysis of extant literature. I will
also engage in a comparative analysis of the fostering of migrant children in other societal
contexts like United Kingdom and America.
Ethical considerations: What problems may you encounter, what steps must you take to
obtain ethical approval?
In line with the Trinity College ethical guidelines for research, I will respect my research
respondents, ensure that my studies has maximum benefit and minimal harm, while
ensuring all research respondents are treated equally and fairly. All authors will be
acknowledged and dully referenced.
Keywords:
References:
Arnold, S. and Collins, L. (2011) ‘Closing the Gap: National Report 2010-2011,’ A Publication
of the Irish Refugee Council. Available online from: http://irc.fusio.net/wp-
content/uploads/2011/08/Closing-a-Protection-Gap.pdf
Bryman, A. (2004) Social Research Methods (2nd Ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press
Citizen Information Leaflet
Fanning B. (2002) Racism and Social Change in the Republic of Ireland. United Kingdom:
Manchester University Press.
Giddens, A. (2009) Sociology (6th Eds.). London: Polity Press
Murray, M. (2006) ‘Generational Stress’,’ Irish Times, September 16, 2006.
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Carla Alexandra Calisto Matias [email protected]
ComunicAr'te: promoting mental health, well-being and emotional expression in persons with mental disorder, through art in group therapy.
Background: Art has been used as a vehicle to express feelings, thoughts and ideas, and its potential using
to improve the mental health is well recognized (Ferraz, 2009).
Art can be understood as a way to interpret the world, to arouse emotion, reflection, explain
and reflect the human stories, represent beliefs and honor people and ideas (Barbosa, Santos
& Leitão, 2007 quoted by Oliveira & Garcez, 2001). It is also recognized in human culture as a
form of socialization and expression, and besides these functions, art can also have a
therapeutic role (Barbosa & Werba, 2010).
Research design:
The ComunicAr’te is a therapeutic group that uses artistic mediators to promote mental
health, well-being and emotional expression in people with mental disorders.
The group is composed of five therapists: two mental health nurses, a psychologist and
family therapist, conservation and restoration technician and an anthropologist.
Therapists participated in all the activities proposed and sessions were planned with the
involvement of all participants.
We intend to evaluate the impact of the intervention on emotion expressionl, well-being
and mental health, using three instruments - Emotional Expressivity Scale, Well Being
Manifestation Measure Scale (WBMM) and Mental Health Inventory (MHI).
Ethical considerations:
To develop all procedures in accordance with ethical principles of scientific research, we
need to:
- Request formal authorization from the Board of Directors North West Hospital Center to
carry out the research;
- Ask the authors’ authorization for using the instruments;
- Request informed consent from the patients who participated in the study.
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The principles of freedom of withdrawal and participation, opportunity to ask questions,
minimizing the effort of the participant, confidentiality, anonymity, and allowed access to
the results are taken into consideration.
Is also important make clear that this intervention is not intended to be art therapy.
Keywords:
Mental Health; Health Promotion; Emotions; Art.
References:
- Barbosa, E. & Werba, G.; (2010). Arteterapia e idosos institucionalizados: uma experiência
no tempo. Revista Conversas interdisciplinares. Ano I, volume 1, p. 1-16.
- Barbosa, I.; Santos, M. & Leitão.G. (2007). Arteterapia na assistência de enfermagem em
oncologia: produções, expressões e sentidos entre pacientes e estudantes de graduação.
Revista de enfermagem - Escola e enfermagem Anna Nery; 11 (2), p. 227 - 233.
- Ferraz, M. (2009) Terapias expressivas integradas (1ª edição). Coleção Expressão em
Terapia – volume 1. Venda do Pinheiro: Tuttirév Editorial.
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Isaura Camilleri
E mail: [email protected]
The Lived Experiences of Informal Caregivers of Persons with Depression
Background: Although the caregivers of persons with chronic depression are a crucial part of health and support systems, their experiences are seldom explored (Highet, McNair, Davenport, & Hickie, 2004). Furthermore a local study has demonstrated that the
perceptions of these informal caregivers varied by years of caring (Saliba 2013), with those having provided care for over 11 years, perceiving the disease as having a significantly greater impact on their life and that of the patient. The aim of this study is to explore the lived experiences of Maltese informal caregivers who have been providing care for over 11 years.
Research Design: A qualitative study using an Interpretative Phenomenological Approach (IPA) as suggested by Smith, Flowers and Larkin (2009) shall be applied. A purposive sample of four informal caregivers will be recruited with the help of an intermediary, such as a community mental health nurse. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with all participants and the interviews will be audio-recorded. An open-ended question will be asked to the participants to allow them to express themselves freely. Approximately six weeks later, a second set of interviews will be conducted with the same individuals to further explore salient points. This will provide in-depth information regarding the lived experiences of these caregivers.
Ethical Considerations: Data collection will commence only after permission from the University Research Ethics Committee (UREC) board is given. Full written informed consent will be obtained prior to collection of data. Potential participants will not feel coerced to participate in the study as they will be approached by an intermediary and not by the present researcher. Participants will be informed that they can stop participating in the study at any point and without the need to give any explanations. Audio recordings will be stored in a locked cabinet and will be destroyed on completion of the study.
Keywords: Depression, lived experiences, caregivers , interpretative phenomenological analysis, qualitative.
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References:
Highet, N. J., McNair, B. G., Davenport, T. A., & Hickie, I. B. (2004, October 4). "How much more can we lose?": carer and family perspectives on living with a person with depression. Depression: Reducing the Burden, 181(7), 6-9.
Saliba, T. (2013). Illness perceptions in carers of persons with depression.(Unpublished Master's
dissertation). University of Malta.
Smith, J. A., Flowers, P., & Larkin , M. (2009). Interpretative phenomenological anaysis theory, method and research . London : Sage Publications.
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Sara Raquel Fernandes Tavares Sequeira [email protected]
Systematic Literature Review: Prevention of the sequelae of immobility in the patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Background: What does research literature say about your topic, and how does it support your interest in doing a study in this area? (50 to 100 words) Prolonged bed rest in hospitalized patients leads to deconditioning, impaired mobility, and the
potential for longer hospital stays. The consequences of immobility include neuromuscular
dysfunction, metabolic disturbances, and other organ system abnormalities that add to the
disease burden. Prolonged bed rest is also associated with persistent physical and
neuropsychiatric disabilities in intensive care unit (ICU) settings and when patients go home.
Once the nurses are the professionals who spend more time with the patients and the ones
who recognize better their evolution, prevention of the consequences should be viewed as a
priority and as a vital component of quality nursing care.
Research design: Discussion of the research design that you are considering (50 to 100 words)
I want to learn and discuss about mobility in ICU. I´m considering start searching about the
consequences of bedrest in ICU and about what health professionals may do to prevent
them, specially nurses.
I want to do a Systematic Literature Review, once it will increase my knowledge in an
evidence based practice context. I´ll search for articles in main international databases and
my research will depart of a defined question based on in PICO(D) methodology.
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Ethical considerations: What problems may you encounter, what steps must you take to obtain ethical approval?
Once my research will be based on articles, I don´t have to worry about formal and ethical
procedures that are usually applicable to projects with people. Besides, in my systematic
literature review I have to be honest and refer the authors of the articles and their
conclusions the most correct way (eg, without plagiarism).
Keywords: Mobility, nurse, prevention, intensive care, consequences
References:
Drolet, A., Dejuilio, P., Harkless, S., Henricks, S., Kamin, E., Leddy, E. A., Loyd, J. M., Waters, C.
& Williams, S. (2013). Move to Improve: The Feasibility of Using an Early Mobility Protocol to
Increase Ambulation in the Intensive and Intermediate Care Settings. Physical Therapy, nº 2,
197-207.
The Cochrane Collaboration. (2011). Manual Cochrane de revisiones sistemáticas de
intervenciones. Version 5.1.0.
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Jana Fajfar [email protected]
Utility of Findrisc questionnaire in screening of diabetes type 2 in the family practice
Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce
enough insuline, or when the body cannot effectively use the insuline. Globally it is estimated
that 382 million people suffer from diabetes for a prevalence of 8,3%. 46% diabetes is
undiagnosed, in 2035 we expected 592 million people living with diabetes.
The mission of the WHO Diabetes Programme is to prevent diabetes. Diagnosis of diabetes is
both a personal and services responsibility. Diabetes risk assessment and testing must be
integrated into primary helth care with universal health coverage.
Schwarz et al. suggest that the Finnish risk score FINDRISC is the ideal tool to be used in
primary diabetes prevention programs.
Research design: We will use the quantitative research approach. Data collecting will be
done with the help of Findrisc questionnaire and the value of the fasting blood sugar,
measured in the family medicine model practices in Gorenjska. Patients called for the
preventive examination will be 30 or more years old, of both sexes and without diabetes.
Sample represents 500 patients consecutively examined, regardless of gender, age, and the
measured amount of blood sugar. The purpose of the study is to determine correlation
between the number of points in Findrisc questionnaire and the measured values of the fasting
blood sugar.
Ethical considerations: Prior to carrying out the research, we need approval from the
ethics committee and consent from the Research Institute at Primary Healthcare of Gorenjska.
We will obtain written informed consent for study participation from each respondent before
the data collection process starts. The patient’s anonymity is guaranteed during data
collection and analysis.
Keywords: diabetes type 2, primary health care, screening, Findrisc.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 19
References:
Alberti K.G.M.M., Zimmet P., Shaw J. (2007). International Diabetes Federation: a consensus
on Type 2 diabetes prevention. 24., 451-463. Available at:
http://www.idf.org/webdata/docs/IDF_prevention_consensus_DM.pdf (18.4.2014).
Prevalence of the Diabetes in the World, 2013. Available at:
http://www.healthintelligence.drupalgardens.com/content/prevalence-diabetes-world-2013
(17.4.2014).
WHO Diabetes. Available at: http://www.who.int/diabetes/en/ (20.4.2014).
Schwarz et al. (2007). An Accurate Risk Score Based on Anthropometric, Dietary, and Lifestyle
Factors to Predict the Development on Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes care, 30.,88.
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Jahn Ingebrigtsen
Anaesthesia nurses’ development, exercise and maintaining of competences
BACKGROUND
Anaesthesia nurse specialists are educated according to regulations in Norway. This includes
a high level of practical and theoretical skills. The field of anaesthesia is regulated in
“Standard for anaesthesia in Norway” (Anestesi.no, 2005). In addition, employers provide
specific instructions for the local workplace. Anaesthesia nurses and anaesthesiologists work
in close cooperation. Norwegian anaesthesia nurses generally work with a high level of
autonomy, unlike what you see in several other countries in Europe (Meeusen et al., 2010).
Anaesthesia nurses’ function is, out of level of autonomy in practice, divided into:
dependable, cooperative and independent, where independent is directly connected to
autonomy in own practice (ALNSF, 2006). However, the field of shared responsibilities
within the anaesthesia team is not clearly defined.
The main purpose of this study is to explore anaesthesia nurses’ experience with and
understanding of own competences. The study aims to describe how anaesthesia nurses’
functions and roles become apparent in practical situations
Out of the purpose and aim of the study, the main research question is:
How do anaesthesia nurses develop, exercise and maintain own competences?
Following the main research question, the study has the following objectives:
To explore anaesthesia nurses’ experience, skills and knowledge level important to the development of autonomy in own practice
To explore and map anaesthesia nurses’ role and functions within the anaesthesia team
To explore differences in practises, and the basis for these differences, within different anaesthesia teams
These objectives will constitute the basis for the development of an interview guide.
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RESEARCH DESIGN
Qualitative method is a valid tool in studies that intend to explore meanings, attitudes and
experiences within a group of respondents. This project will use individual interviews as the
main research method. Anaesthesia nurses working in central operation units in three
different university hospitals in the same geographical area will be included in the study. The
nurses that are to be included will have minimum three years’ of experience, and have been
working at same hospital for the last three years. A hermeneutical approach will frame the
process of collecting and analysing of the data.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
This study will not involve patients or patient data. According to ethical regulations in
Norway, there is therefore no need for approval from the Regional Research Committee
(REC). Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD) must approve all research where
personal data is collected and stored. An application will be sent and approved before data is
collected. In addition, each hospital must give consent to carry out the research.
KEY WORDS
Anaesthesia nursing, competence, functions, rolls, team, autonomy
Referances:
NSD/personvernombudet (2012). Downloaded from: http://www.nsd.uib.no/personvern/
Meeusen, V., Zundert, A., Hoekman, J., Kumar, C., Rawal, N. & Knape, H. (2010). Composition
of the anaesthesia team: a European survey. Eur J Anaesthesia 27(9) 773-779
ALNSF (2006). Downloaded from: http://www.alnsf.no/index.php/om-alnsf/dokumenter-og-
vedtekter/56-funksjonsbeskrivelse-for-anestesisykepleiere
Anestesi.no (2005) Downloaded from: http://www.anestesi.no/dokumenter/21-
norsk_standard_for_anestesi
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Adrienne Grech Email: [email protected]
Title: The perceptions of Nursing students towards Professional competence in nursing.
The chosen area of interest is that of professionalism in nursing, focusing on student
views. The aim of the research being carried out is to explore the understanding of
professional competence from a student nurse perspective. The importance of informal
curricula in shaping students’ perceptions of professionalism has been highlighted (Finn,
Garner & Sawdon, 2010).
The research design proposed is of a qualitative nature using thematic analysis of an
online discussion forum in order to explore the phenomenon which little is known about,
followed by using interpretative phenomenological analysis of focus groups to explore
further students’ understanding and gain inner perspectives about students’ point of view.
Inconsistencies and conformity of ideas will be brought forward be enabling participants to
explore and clarify their experiences (Gerrish & Lacey, 2010).
Ethical issues to be considered include a request for approval from the University of
Malta Registrar and faculty Dean and a request for approval to carry out research on human
subjects via the university ethics board. Furthermore, an information letter will be sent to
possible participants indicating that any discussion within the focus group should be treat
confidentially. Furthermore, this information letter will also highlight the importance of
voluntary participation and the possibility of dropping out. A consent form will be given
making sure that permission is given to record audio and disseminate data (confidentially)
and the ability to withdraw from the study at any given moment in time without any
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 23
repercussions. Participants will be given the opportunity to approve transcripts
(Gerrish & Lacey, 2010).
Keywords
Professionalism, Students, Nursing, Understanding
References
Finn, G., Garner, J., & Sawdon, M. (2010). ‘You’re judged all the time!’ Students’ views on
professionalism: a multicentre study. Medical Education, 44, 814-825.
Gerrish, K., & Lacey, A. (2010). The research process in nursing (6th ed.). Oxford, UK: Wiley-
Blackwell.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 24
Ana Istenič
Experiences of cervical cancer patients treated with internal radiation
therapy
Background: Brachytherapy is a technique, which allows tumor treatment with radioactive sources using
specific applications placed in body cavities, in the tumor, or in contact with the tumor.
Treatment is performed over 24 hours at least, with strict bed rest. Patients are isolated in a
single, radiation protected room. Limited number of studies have attempted to examine
physical and psychosocial experiences and distress of women receiving internal radiation
treatment (brachytherapy) for cervical cancer. The aim of our research is to explore and
describe women’s experiences with cervical brachytherapy treatment. By examining these
patients’ feelings and support needs, we hope to gain a better understanding of their
experiences. This information will be useful to include in educational programs for future
patients undergoing similar treatment.
Research design: A phenomenological approach will be used to develop a qualitative study design will, based
on semi-structured interviews. The purposive sample will consist of all patients with cervical
cancer after completion of treatment with brachytherapy projected from March 2014 to
saturation of the sample. Interviews will be conducted according to interviewees responses,
specific questions will be asked to obtain further information or clarification about the
content. Interviews will take place at the Department of brachytherapy at the Institute of
Oncology Ljubljana, and will be recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts will be
qualitatively analysed, using qualitative content analysis.
Ethical considerations: Written approval from the hospital institutional review board and Ethical Committee to take
research on experiences of patients receiving internal radiation treatment for cervical cancer
will be obtained. We will provide both oral and written information with assurance that
confidentiality and anonymity will be preserved. Their participation is voluntary, and
withdrawal is possible at any time without explanation. Written consent from each participant
will be collected before starting the data collection process.
Keywords:
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 25
internal radiation treatment, brachytherapy, cervical cancer, women's experience, anxiety
References: Kwok-Wei So W, Chui Y. (2007). Women’s experience of internal radiation treatment for
uterine cervical cancer. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 60(2):154-161.
Leon-Pizzaro C, Gich I, Barthe E, Rovirosa A, Farrus B, Casas F, Verger E, et al. (2007). A
randomized trial of the effect of training in relaxation an imagery guidery techniques in
improving psychological and quality of life indices for gynaecologic and breast brachytherapy
patients. Psycho-Oncology. 16: 971-979.
Price B. (2009). Understanding patient accounts of body image change. Cancer nursing
practice. 8(6):29-34.
Šprah L, Šoštarič M. (2010). Radiol Oncol. 38 (1):35-42.
Velji K, Fitch M. (2001). The experience of women receiving brachytherapy for gynaecologic
cancer. ONF. 28(4): 743-751.
Wollschlaeger K, Connell P, Waggoner S, Rotmensch, Mundt A J. (2000). Acute problems
during low dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical carcinoma. Gynaecologic
oncology. 76:67-72.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 26
Ellen Victoria Øverberg
Anxiety, depression and perceived self-efficacy among cancer patients under treatment in a rehabilitation center. A pilot study.
Background: A sense of threat and incertitude about one’s life accompanies a cancer diagnosis. Approximately one in four cancer patients is diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder (Carlson et al. 2012)(Yang et al 2013). Anxiety is the symptom that characterizes diagnosis, whereas depression is more common after medical treatment (Sigmond and Snaith, 1983)(Gil et al. 2012). Cancer patients require special consideration before and after treatment. A sense of self-efficacy and its relationship with anxiety, symptom distress and quality of life are important factors for patients receiving therapy (Mystakidou et al. 2012). Health care professionals need to be aware of anxiety, symptom severity and the patient's quality of life prior to treatment initiation. A recent study demonstrated that a nurse-led self-efficacy enhancing intervention was effective in promoting self-efficacy and psychological well-being in patients with colorectal cancer, compared with standard care (Zhang et al.2012). The purpose of this study is to assess anxiety, depression and self-efficacy among cancer patients in a rehabilitation programme.
Research design:
Tentative research questions are:
How prevalent are anxiety and depression among cancer patients undergoing a rehabilitation
programme?
How is perceived self-efficacy reported among cancer patients undergoing a rehabilitation
programme?
A survey among cancer patients participating in a rehabilitation programme in a
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 27
rehabilitation institution 2 – 4 weeks after starting the rehabilitation programme is planned
for this pilot study. There will be 20 to 30 patients, age 18 or older, with different cancer
diagnosis in the sample. The following questionnaires will be used:
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS: (Grassi et al. 2004)(Bjelland et al 2002) as, which is a 14- item questionnaire with two subscales (seven items each) for anxiety and depression symptoms. Each item is rated on a four-point likert scale.
The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) (Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. 1995). The scale was created to assess a general sense of perceived self-efficacy with the aim to predict coping with daily hassles as well as adaptation after experiencing all kinds of stressful life events.
Results will be analyzed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS.
Ethical considerations:
Permission for the study will be given by REC (Regional Medical Research Ethics Committee). The study involves cancer patients who agree to participate knowing that they are free to participate or not in the study, and that they can withdraw from the study at any time. Confidentiality and anonymity requirements are followed as each participant gets an ID number, which is listed on the questionnaire. The questionnaires will be kept in a binder in a locked cabinet. List of participants with ID number and personal information such as name, diagnosis, age are stored locally on a project computer. Health professionals at the rehabilitation center will be trained in the method of presenting the project in an ethical manner to avoid undue burden on cancer patients. The questionnaire and ID list will be kept for 2 years after completion of the task, then shredded and deleted.
Keywords:
Cancer, self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, rehabilitation, treatment.
References: Bjelland, I., Dahl, A., Haug, ,. T., & Neckelmann, D. (2002). The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and
Depression Scale. An updated literature review. Journal of Psychosomatic Researsch, 52 , pp. 69- 77.
Carlson, L. E., et al. "Online screening for distress, the 6th vital sign, in newly diagnosed oncology
outpatients: randomised controlled trial of computerised vs personalised triage." British Journal Of
Cancer 107.4 (2012): 617-25.
Gil, Francisco, et al. "First anxiety, afterwards depression: psychological distress in cancer patients at
diagnosis and after medical treatment." Stress And Health: Journal Of The International Society For
The Investigation Of Stress 28.5 (2012): 362-67.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 28
Grassi, Luigi, et al. "Psychosocial morbidity and its correlates in cancer patients of the Mediterranean
area: findings from the Southern European Psycho-Oncology Study." Journal Of Affective Disorders
83.2-3 (2004): 243-48.
Mystakidou, Kyriaki, et al. "Relationship of general self-efficacy with anxiety, symptom severity and
quality of life in cancer patients before and after radiotherapy treatment." Psycho-Oncology 22.5
(2013): 1089-95.
Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized Self-Efficacy scale. In J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M.
Johnston, Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs (pp. 35-
37). Windsor, UK: NFER-NELSON.
Yang, Y.-L., Liu, L., Wang, Y., Wu, H., Yang, X.-S., Wang, J.-N., & Wang, L. (2013). The prevalence of
depression and anxiety among Chinese adults with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Biomedcentral (BMC) Cancer, 13:393
Zhang, Meifen, et al. "The effectiveness of a self-efficacy-enhancing intervention for Chinese patients
with colorectal cancer: A randomized controlled trial with 6-month follow up." International Journal
Of Nursing Studies (2013).
Zigmond, A. S. and Snaith, R. P. (1983), The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica
Scandinavica, 67: 361–370. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 29
Daren Chircop
Email: [email protected]
The lived experiences of patients receiving chemotherapy for Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Background: Self efficacy has a positive effect on health behaviour, symptom control,
compliance with cancer treatment and quality of life (Akin, Can, Durna & Aydiner, 2008).
Therefore, understanding patients lived experiences when receiving chemotherapy and the
coping strategies they employ while receiving chemotherapy, can help us identify whether
current patient education is optimal and which factors should we focus on to empower
these patients.
Research design: This dissertation will be a qualitative study. This study will adopt a patient
focused, phenomenological longitudinal approach. Semi-structured audio recorded
interviews will be conducted with six patients over the course of their chemotherapy
treatment. This method will be used to gather data on patients’ lived experiences whilst
undergoing chemotherapy. The process of recruitment will involve a key staff member in an
oncology ward who will identify potential patients by considering pre-defined eligibility
criteria.
Ethical considerations: Many patients will be anxious at the thought of beginning
chemotherapy. Therefore, they will be given a full description of what the study entails by an
intermediary. They will be reminded that participation is entirely voluntary and that they can
decline participation and withdraw at any stage of the study without it adversely affecting
the care they receive. Furthermore, patients may become distressed when being
interviewed and thus, a psychologist will be made available. All documentation and reports
related to the study will not contain any identifiable details about the participants. All
audiotapes of the interviews will be stored in a locked cabinet and any transcripts of the
interviews will be saved on a password protected computer.
Keywords: cancer, quality of life, self-efficacy, qualitative, lived experiences
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 30
References
Akin, S., Can, G., Durna, Z., & Aydiner, A. (2008). The quality of life and self-efficacy of
Turkish breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. European
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 31
João Paulo B.G.D.Balau [email protected]
Effectiveness evaluation of a program to promoting mental health by the development of
skills in adolescents
Background: What does research literature say about your topic, and how does it support your interest in doing a study in this area? Interventions for promoting skills and personal skills for adopting healthy behavior are an
important aspect of mental health promotion. Mental health promotion in adolescence can
prevent up to 50% of mental disorders in adulthood. Intervention programs have showed
efficacy in resilience and self-concept skills of adolescents. The social adaptation and skills are
affected by several factors, such as gender, family structure and socioeconomic level.
Thus the promotion of mental illness in this population, aims to empower individuals with
skills and competencies required to positively achieve these goals.
Research design:
Discussion of the research design that you are
The research question to answer is: What is the efficacy of a psychotherapeutic intervention
programmer to the development of resilience and self-concept in adolescents?
The main goal for this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention for developing
resilience and self-concept in teenagers between 13 and 14 years old. It consists of 12 sessions
(45-50 minutes) training of skills in the school environment.
It will be made in a schedule available for the students, in a classroom.
This is a study quasi-experimental pre-test post-test design with a control group.
Hypotheses placed to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between
the level of resilience and self-concept of adolescents before and after the intervention.
Relative to the sample, the population for the study includes adolescent’s 8th year students
of education in Leiria.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 32
Instruments will be applied as a questionnaire before and after the intervention. The
questionnaire consists of two parts: the first comprises issues relating to the characterization
of adolescents, the second includes two scales, Self-Concept Scale the Piers-Harris Children 2
(PHCSCS-2) to assess the self-concept and Resilience California Healthy Children Assessment
Module (version 6.0) to assess resilience.
Later the data will be processed in SPSS, descriptive statistics (central tendency and dispersion
measures), and to test the hypothesis will be used paired t test (parametric test).
Ethical considerations:
What problems may you encounter, what steps must you take to obtain ethical approval?
(50 - 100 words)
Permission to use the scale will be requested from the authors. Later on authorization to do
the intervention and use the questionnaire will be requested from the Education Ministry,
School Director and all the involved students and their parents. Confidentiality of data
collected will be guaranteed and safeguarded. Participants may withdraw at any time without
fear of consequences.
Keywords: Mental health, Health promoting, adolescent, Resilience, self-control
References:
Last name, first initial. (year of publication). Title. Periodical, vol., page – page.
1. Remédios, CIFRN. (2010) O bem-estar psicológico e as competências pessoais e sociais na
adolescência. Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia da Universidade de Lisboa.
2. Jardim, MJA. (2007) Programa de desenvolvimento de competências pessoais e sociais:
estudo para a promoção do sucesso académico. Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências de
Educação da Universidade de Aveiro.
3. Gonçalves, CM. (2000) Desenvolvimento vocacional e promoção de competências.
Comunicação apresentada no 2.º Encontro Internacional de Formação Norte de
Portugal/Galiza, Porto 12 a 14 de Outubro de 2000. In: http://repositorio-
aberto.up.pt/bitstream/10216/6943/2/23906.pdf., acedido a 23/01/2012.
4. Tusaie KR. (2008) Positive Development in Children and Adolescent. Archives of Psychiatric
Nursing. 22(6); 389-390.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 33
5. Blank L, Baxter S, Goyder E, Naylon PB, Guillaume L, et al. (2010) Promoting well-being by
changing behavior: a systematic review and narrative synthesis of the effectiveness of whole
secondary school behavioural interventions. Mental Health Review Journal.15 (2): 43-53.
6. Evans ME. (2009) Prevention of Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Disorders in Youth: The
Institute of Medicine Report and Implications for Nursing. Journal of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Nursing. 22(3): 154-159.
7. Guerra NG, Bradshaw CP. (2008) Linking the Prevention of Problem Behaviors and Positive
Youth Development: Core Competencies for Positive Youth Development and Risk Prevention.
New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. 122; 1-17.
8. Peters LW, Kok G, Dam GTT, Buijs GJ, Paulussen TGWM. (2009) Effective elements of school
health promotion across behavioral domains: a systematic review of reviews. Biomed central
Public Health. 9 (182).
9. Wolchik, S.; Schench, C. & Sandler, I. (2009) Promoting Resilience in Youth From Divorced
Families: Lessons Learned From experimental Trials of the New Beginnings Program. Journal
of Personality. 77:6; 1833-1868.
10. Gueldner, B. & Merrell, K. (2011) Evaluation of a Social-Emotional Learning Program in
Conjunction With the Exploratory Application of Performance Feedback Incorporating
Motivational Interviewing Techniques. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation.
21; 1-27.
11. Teixeira, MSF. (2010) Estudo sobre a eficácia de um programa de inteligência emocional
no autoconceito de alunos do 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Dissertação de Mestrado em
Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa.
12. Costa, MCO, Bigras, M. (2007) Mecanismos pessoais e coletivos de proteção e promoção
da qualidade de vida para a Infância e adolescência. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva. 12(5): 1101-
1109.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 34
Elaine Judith Couper [email protected] Title: The impact of physical activity on vulnerable children’s resilience. Investigating children
who have been recognised as needing help outside the family unit. The population will be
children who have been involved in extra curricular activities and are now over 18.
Background
Previously there has been a lot of research on the positive health impacts on children. I find
this interesting but I believe there is a need to look at physical activity in relation to resilience.
Robbie Gilligan a senior social worker in Trinity College Dublin has completed research on
children in care and the positive impacts of sport, school etc. He has found that physical activity
plays a role in a child’s development and overcoming adverse situations. The research will
evaluate the importance of physical activity on children that are susceptible to adversity.
Previously research written by Robbie Gilligan, a senior lecturer in Trinity College Dublin, has
given me a great understanding of resilience in children but I hope to find out concrete
examples that show precisely if children and workers feel children overcome adversity
through physical activity, as I believe sport has a huge part to play in a childs fulfillment in life.
I have witnessed sport giving children self-confidence and feeling good to be part of a team.
Research design:
I propose to interview children over 18 who have been though these projects and those who
work in them to get a better understanding of this topic. I will be using the qualitative research
method and semi-structured interviews. I believe that it is important to have both open and
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 35
closed questions, as it gives the opportunity for the interviewee to discuss and also for me to
gain a factual report on this topic as well as having examples of what these people have
experienced. From this I will hopefully gain more in-depth information and give the
interviewee the opportunity to say what they want to. I believe that it is important to have
both open and closed questions, as it gives the opportunity for the interviewee to discuss and
also for me to gain a factual report on this topic as well as having examples of what these
people have experienced. For example the positive results of childrens self-esteem that have
been developed through support from an adult or team mate (Daniel and Wassell, 2002).
Ethical considerations
I know my own values and beliefs are so strong around this topic so I hope to use this to
note the positive effects in children who have been part of programs such as Solas Project,
Adventure Sports Project, Banardos Arch Projects and the Cavan Centre that have positive
experiences too. I will be looking at this population as they are over eighteen and it would
reduce any ethical risks (Alston and Bowles, 2003).. I may encounter the possibility that the
children I interview don't like sport or any sort of physical activity. I believe that interviewing
the people who work in these activities will give me an understanding of which children have
influenced and why others have not.
Keywords: Resilience, physical activity.
References:
Alston, M and Bowles, W. (2003) An Introduction to methods, 2nd ed., London: Routledge.
Bryman, A. (2012) Social Research Methods, 4th ed., UK: Oxford University Press.
Coalter, F, Alison, M and Taylor, J. (2000) The role of sport in regenerating deprived urban
areas, Edinburgh: Scottish Office Central Research Unit.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 36
Daniel, B. and Wassell, S. (2002) Adolescence: Assessing and Promoting Resilience in
Vulnerable Children 3. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Fruhberk, G. (2005) Childhood Obesity: Time for action, not complacency. Definitions are
unclear, but effective intervention exist. British Medical Journal, 329-329.
Gilligan, R. (1999) ‘Enhancing the resilience of children in public care by mentoring their
talent and interests’ Child and Family Social Work 4 (3): 187-96
Gilligan, R. (2000). Adversity, Resilience and Young People: The Protective Value of Positive
School and Spare Time Experiences, Children and Society, Vol 14, pp. 37-47.
May, T. (2011) Social Research, Issues, Methods and Process. 4TH ed., England: McGraw Hill
Education.
Newman, T. (2004) What works in building resilience? Barnardo’s, Barkingside.
Newman, T. and Blackburn, S. (2002) Transitions in the lives of children and young people:
Resilience factors, Edinburgh: Scottish Executive.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 37
Kristian Skjørten
Tlf: +47 92058721
Can continuous monitoring of inpatients perceived therapeutic alliance be a helpful
perspective in treatment of mental health and addiction illnesses (TSB – treatment)?
Background:
In treatment of patients with mental illness and (multiple) drug addictions, patients often
have severe interpersonal/relational difficulties, as well as extensive social and behavioural
difficulties. Goals for treatment are usually increased experience of life quality, absence of
drug use and reduction of psychiatric symptoms (Biong & Ytrehus, 2012; Lossius, 2011; Føyn
& Shaygani, 2010; Evjen, Kielland, & Øiern, 2007). Relapse and drop out are frequent
(Kunnskapssenteret, 2011; Helsedirektoratet, 2010). Norwegian literature has a tendency to
describe a positive cooperative relationship between healthcare workers, patients and the
non-specific therapeutic variables (Kåver, 2012; Rogers, 1957) as especially important in
treatment of this patient group (Biong & Ytrehus, 2012; Helsedirektoratet, 2012). Brorson
(2013) recommends continuous monitoring of the treatment alliance among other factors to
prevent drop-out, and enhance treatment outcome (Brorson, Arnevik, Rand-Hendriksen, &
Duckert, 2013).
Research design:
My tentative research question:
What is the relationship between drop-out frequency and perceived therapeutic alliance in an
inpatient drug treatment programme?
I will try to answer this question the by using the Outcome Questionnaire 45 (OQ-45) for a
continuous measuring of patients perceived alliance with their therapist/clinician. This data
will then be compared to standard registrations regarding treatment duration, and drop-out
measured at baseline, midway and at the end of the data collection period. Data will be
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 38
sorted into categories of different variables, and analysed in SPSS. Participation in this
research is voluntary. Information will be sent out by e-mail to three wards in addition to the
ward where I work. Because psychometric analysis generally requires large samples,
planning, timeline and information will be important. Questionnaires will be sent by internal
mail to an informed clinician, respondents will be inpatients in treatment programmes
lasting more than 8 weeks (Johannessen, Tufte, & Kristoffersen, 2004; Johannessen, 2009;
Amble, et al., 2013).
I will use the following search engines: Google Scholar, Helsebibliotekets McMaster pluss,
Bibsys, and Cochrane Library for literary research. Defining the content of the topic and
literary search to the keywords (presented below) and combinations of them (Malterud,
2011; Johannessen, Tufte, & Kristoffersen, 2004). I hope to isolate variables and compare
them with results from existing evidence-based research.
Ethical considerations:
Information regarding this project will be distributed by e-mail in advance. Clinicians
participating in this project will be given written information on how data should be collected
and stored. All data collected for this research will be kept anonymous and will not contain
direct sensitive information such as identifiable personal information. It will be stored
electronically or in å secure archive. Because a fairly large inpatient population is needed,
and the possibility of “straining” the staff involved in this project, as well as the need for
patient data regarding the drop-out variable, I will apply to the ethics committee to obtain
the necessary approvals (Johannessen, Tufte, & Kristoffersen, 2004).
Keywords:
Therapeutic; relationship/alliance, interpersonal relationship, Inpatient treatment,
Substance, abuse, addiction, drug, alcohol, mental, illness, distress, psychotherapy
monitoring, feedback, Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ-45), outcome expectations, non-
specific variables, common factors, resistance, non-compliance, drop out, relapse.
References:
Amble, I., Gude, T., Stubdal, S., Oktedalen, T., Skjørten, A. M., Andersen, B. J., et al. (2013,
November 5). Psychometric properties of the Outcome Questionnaire-45.2: The Norwegian
version in an international context. (Amble, & Ingunn, Eds.) Psychotherapy Research , pp. 1-
10.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 39
Biong, S., & Ytrehus, S. (2012). Helsehjelp til personer med rusproblemer. (S. Ytrehus, Ed.)
Oslo, Østlandet, Norge: Akribe AS.
Brorson, H. H., Arnevik, E. A., Rand-Hendriksen, K., & Duckert, F. (2013). Drop-out form
addiction treatment: A systematic review of risk factors. Clinical Psychology Review (33), pp.
1010-1024.
Evjen, R., Kielland, K. B., & Øiern, T. (2007). Dobbelt opp: Om psyiske lidelser og rusmisbruk
(2. utgave ed.). Oslo, Østlandet, Norge: Universitetsforlaget.
Føyn, P., & Shaygani, S. (2010). Psykodynamisk behandling av ruslidelser. Oslo, Østlandet,
Norge: Universitetsforlaget.
Helsedirektoratet. (2012). National faglig rettningslinje for utredning, behanlding og
oppfølging av presoner med samtidig rus - og psykisk lidelse - ROP lidelser. Helsedirektoratet,
Avdeling for psykisk helsevern og rus. Oslo: Helsedirektoratet.
Helsedirektoratet. (2010). Pasienter i tverrfaglig spesialisert rusbehandling.
Helsedirektoratet, Økonomi og analyse. Trondheim: Helsedirektoratet.
Johannessen, A. (2009). Introduksjon til SPSS (4. utgave ed.). Oslo, Østlandet, Norge: abstrakt
forlag.
Johannessen, A., Tufte, P. A., & Kristoffersen, L. (2004). Introduksjon til
samfunnsvitenskapelig metode (2 ed.). Oslo, Østlandet, Norge: Abstrakt forlag.
Kåver, A. (2012). Allianse: Den terapeutiske relasjonen i KAT. (A. Kåver, Ed., & H. Gröhn,
Trans.) Oslo, Østlandet, Norge: Gyldendal Akademisk.
Kunnskapssenteret. (2011). Pasienters erfaringer med institusjoner innen tverrfaglig
spesialisert rusbehandling. Nationalt kunnskapssenter for helsetjenesten. Oslo:
Kunnskapssenteret.
Lossius, K. (2011). Håndbok i rusbehandling: Til pasienter med moderat til alvorlig
rusmiddelavhengighet. (K. Lossius, Ed.) Oslo, Østlandet, Norge: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag.
Malterud, K. (2011). Kvalitative metoder i medisinsk forskning (3 ed.). Oslo, Østlandet,
Norge: Universitetsforlaget.
Rogers, C. R. (1957). The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality
Change. (C. R. Rogers, Ed.) Journal of Consulting Psychology (Vol 21), pp. 95-103.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 40
Vera Lucia Carvalho Leal [email protected]
The impact of psychotherapy in reducing anxiety in depressed patients
Background: According to scientific information of some studies, depressive states provide a sense of
insecurity, which creates great anxiety. Given various situations that may for some reason be
a threat to the patient depressed generates insecurity in the individual and consequently
anxiety.
Based on a systematic review of these studies it can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral
therapy is an effective therapeutic modality in the treatment of depression and anxiety
(Knapp, 2004).
Cognitive behavioral therapy aims to reshape the anxiogenic situation by changing
dysfunctional schemas and distorted thinking associated with the assessment that
individuals make of themselves, their resources, their capabilities and events (Redondo,
2009).
Research design:
The type of study is a longitudinal, almost experimental study, since it is possible to control
several variables I, but not all. The study is quantitative, since the results will be presented
statistically.
Considering the average period of hospitalization of these patients which are 2 weeks, it is
this period of time will be planned interventions with these clients and, consequently, the
study will be applied.
The intervention should be the patient daily to conducting individual psychotherapy sessions
(minimum of 8 sessions) for design and adjustment of the intervention to the patient plan.
Some relaxation sessions will be conducted in groups, to their achievement on alternate
days.
Ethical considerations:
To carry out the study will be requested to formal board of directors of the Hospital de
Santarém and to the ethical commitee. Data collection will be performed by the researcher
under the inpatient psychiatry service of the Hospital de Santarém, making sure that the
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 41
participants were previously informed and willing deliberately to participate in the study.
Having been given all the information and clarified the doubts and to clarify that their
participation was voluntary, users will be asked to sign the informed consent.
To apply the scale of HADS a formal request will be sent to the author of the translation and
validation for the Portuguese population.
Keywords: Depression, anxiety, psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy
References:
Monteiro, Ivandro. Depressão – Por que é que uns deprimem e outros não?. Lisboa: Climepsi
editores; 2012.
Ross, Ruth; Frances, Allen. Casos clínicos: DSM-IV-TR – Guia para o diagnóstico diferencial.
Lisboa: Climepsi editores, 2004.
Neto, J.M.N; Pereira, D.M.; Freire, S.C. Ansiedade e depressão: Estudo sobre profissionais de
Enfermagem que trabalham com pacientes portadores de distúrbios mentais [dissertação].
São Paulo: Faculdade de ciências da Saúde.
Existe relação biológica entre stress, depressão e ansiedade (publicado no Nature
Neuroscience), disponível na Internet no site
http://www.cienciahoje.pt/index.php?oid=41573&op=all, Fevereiro, 2012.
Depressão e ansiedade (Ballone GJ em PsiqWeb), disponível na Internet no site
http://danielacarneiro.com/ansiedadeedepressao.aspx, Fevereiro 2012.
Knapp, P. A Terapia cognitivo-comportamental na Prática Psiquiátrica. Porto Alegre: Artmed;
2004.
Silva, Maria. A micro-análise da comunicação em psicoterapia: comparação da psicologia
clínica positiva com a terapia cognitivo-comportamental [dissertação]. Lisboa: Universidade
de Lisboa – Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da educação; 2007/2008.
Redondo, Paula. A ansiedade em familiares cuidadores de doentes oncológicos: programa de
intervenção cognitiva-comportamental [dissertação]. Lisboa: Universidade de Lisboa –
Faculdade de Psicologia e ciências da educação; 2009.
Fortin, Marie-Fabienne. O processo de investigação da concepção à realização. 1ª edição.
Loures: Lusociência, 1999
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Marcolino, J.; Mathias, L.; Filho, L.; Guaratini, A.; Suzuki, F.; Alli, L. Escala Hospitalar de
Ansiedade e depressão: estudo da validade de critério e da confiabilidade com pacientes no
pré-operatório. Revista brasileira anestesiologia. 2007; 57 (1): 52-62.
Caballo, Vicente. Manual de técnicas de terapia e modificação do comportamento. Santos
editora, 1996.
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Carmen Mangion Email address: [email protected]
The Perceptions of Paediatric Nurses regarding Family Centred Care: an exploratery study
Background: Family-centred care (FCC) is the ideal model of care in paediatrics. FCC requires that parents are an integral part of their child’s care and it is based on effective communication between parents and health professionals. However, several researchers identified various obstacles and acknowledged that it is difficult to implement in practice. The aim of this study is to explore nurses’ attitudes and beliefs regarding family centred care; identify what nurses perceive their role should be; determine possible barriers and examine ways to improve family centred care in our paediatric wards.
Research design:
Data will be collected qualitatively by means of focus groups which will be audio recorded
and transcribed. A pilot interview will be carried out to identify faults in the structure
planned to guide the discussions. The study population will consist of purposive sample of
paediatric nurses. Sample size will not be predetermined as focus groups will continue until
saturation of emerging themes is achieved. An intermediary will approach the participants to
give them an information letter about the study. Participants will be encouraged to contact
me and sign a consent form. Focus groups themes will be identified, selected, coded and
analysed.
Ethical considerations:
Approval to carry out this research needs to be sought from the Faculty Ethics Committee
(UREC) and from the hospital management.
A full description of the research is to be given before participants sign the consent form.
Nurses should be informed that participation is voluntary and that they can withdraw from
the study anytime. They should be reassured that the researcher is going to abide to the
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 44
ethical code of conduct, therefore confidentiality will be guaranteed. Audio tapes and
transcripts used during the study will be stored in a locked cupboard.
Keywords: family- centred care, hospitalised children, nurses, partnership.
References:
Foster, M., Whitehead, L. & Maybee, P. (2010). Parents’ and health professionals’
perceptions of family centred care for children in hospital, in developed and
developing countries: A review of the literature. International Journal of Nursing
Studies. 47(2010):1184-1193.
Frost, M., Green, A., Gance-Cleveland, B., Kersten,R. & Irby, C. (2010) Improving Family-
Centered Care Through Research. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 25: 144-147.
Gill, F.G., Pascoe, E., Monterosso, L., Young,J., Burr, C., Tanner, A. & Shields, L. (2014). Parent
and staff perceptions of family-centered care in two Australian childrens’ hospitals.
Nursing Papers and Journal Articles. Paper 77.
http://researchonline.nd.edu.au/nursing_article/77
Harrison, T.M. (2010) Family-Centered Pediatric Nursing Care: State of the Science. Journal
of Pediatric Nursing. 25:335-343.
Hughes, M. (2007) Parents’ and nurses’ attitudes to family-centred care: an Irish perspective.
Journal of Clinical Nursing.16: 2341-2348.
Paliadelis, P., Cruickshank, M., Wainohu, D., Winskill, R. & Stevens, H. (2005). Implementing
family-centred care: an exploration of the beliefs and practices of paediatric nurses.
Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing. 23(1):31-36.
Shields, L. (2010) Questioning family-centred care. Journal of Clinical Services. 19: 2629-
2638.
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Majda Čaušević
Non pharmacological approaches to the management of cancer chronic pain
Background: Pain is the most debilitating symptom in cancer patients and for clinicians is difficult to treat
them, because analgesic drugs do not always allow complete relief. The pain can be managed
in a more effective manner with the combination of pharmacological and non pharmacological
therapies. Non pharmacological treatments can be incorporated as an adjunct to pain
management by enhancing or decreasing the need for pharmacologic. The aim of the research
is determine if the patients with cancer, which are treated in Institute of Oncology Ljubljana,
use non pharmacological treatment and how this approach effects on their pain.
Research design: The study will be based on a qualitative research design. In the first part of the research the
literature review will be made by using several different databases: CINAHL, PubMed,
Springerlink, COBISS, MEDLINE. The sources will be obtained also from Slovenian Nursing
Review and SAGE Publications online databases. The semi-structured interviews will be
prepared based on the literature review. The purposive sample will consist of 10 cancer
patients with chronic pain in the Department of pain control at the Institute of Oncology in
Ljubljana. The final number of the conducted interviews will be specified upon the
achievement of data saturation. The interpretative phenomenological analysis will be used as
a framework for qualitative data analysis.
Ethical considerations: The ethical approval from the management of the Ethics Committee at Institute of Oncology
Ljubljana will be obtained. The nurse in the Department of pain control will describe the
nature of the study to potential participants and provide them further needed information.
Each interviewee will sign written informed consent for study participation before starting the
data collection process.
Keywords: non pharmacological approaches, pain management, cancer
References: Kumar SP. (2011). Utilization of brief pain inventory as an assessment tool for pain in patients
with cancer: a focused review. Indian J Palliat Care. 17(2):108-15.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 46
Alimi D, Rubino C, Pichard-Léandri E, Fermand-Brulé S, Dubreuil-Lemaire ML, Hill C. (2003).
Analgesic effect of auricular acupuncture for cancer pain: a randomized, blinded, controlled
trial. J Clin Oncol. 15;21(22):4120-6.
Hopkins Hollis AS. (2010). Acupuncture as a treatment modality for the management of cancer
pain: the state of the science. Oncol Nurs Forum. 37(5):E344-8.
Demir Y. (2012). Non-pharmacological therapies in pain management. In: Pain management-
current issues and opinions, Gabor Racz ed. Rijeka: In Tech, 2012: 554. Available at:
http://www.intechopen.com/books/pain-management-current-issues-and-opinions/non-
pharmacological-therapies-in-pain-management. (18. 12. 2013)
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 47
Robert Skuhala
Importance of Education of the Firemen about Basic Life Support with the Use of Automatic
External Defibrillator
Background: Sudden cardiac arrest is leading cause of death in the world thus chain of
survival has an important role. Recognition of cardiac arrest is of utmost importance, next is
activation of an emergency medical team and the start of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Chance of survival outside of the hospital diminishes for 10% for every minute of cardiac arrest
without resuscitation. Firemen are geographically dispersed; they have quick response times,
so they can have an important role in chain of survival. With proper education in basic life
support, firemen can approach accordingly and thus save lives. Their knowledge of basic life
support is to be determined with an empirical research. With this empirical research we want
to determine how long the knowledge of basic life support is remembered and how it
diminishes over time. We want to show the firemen as an important group that can severely
enhance survival in sudden cardiac arrest.
Research design: Research will be done with quantitative experimental approach. It will be
done in firehouses that have automatic external defibrillator and whose members have
completed a course in basic life support. Eighty (80) firemen from north-eastern region of
Slovenia will be contained in the sample. Learner’s electrodes will be used with automatic
external defibrillator. A dummy will be placed on the floor in firehouse, on which basic life
support will be performed. Individual fireman will be called by the Chief of firemen and will
quickly be debriefed with the situation. Fireman will approach the dummy and start with the
basic life support and then he will go after the automatic external defibrillator that he will turn
on, put electrodes on the dummy and follow instructions of the automatic external
defibrillator. During his performance the fireman will be observed and evaluated; his every
correct decision will be checked off on a pre-prepared checklist. Fireman’s personal and
demographical data will be collected at the end of each trial.
Ethical considerations: Research needs permission from the Heads of each firehouse,
which will be part of the experiment.
Keywords: cardiopulmonary resuscitation, automatic external defibrillator, fireman.
References: Lerner EB, Hinchey PR, Billittier AJ. A survey of first-responder firefighters' attitudes, opinions,
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 48
and concerns about their automated external defibrillator program. Prehosp Emerg Care.
2003;7(1):120-4.
Høyer CB, Christensen EF. Fire fighters as basic life support responders: a study of successful
implementation. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2009;2(2):17-16.
Wallace SK, Abella BS, Becker LB. Quantifying the effect of cardiopulmonary resuscitation
quality on cardiac arrest outcome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Qual
Outcomes. 2013;6(2):148-56.
Slemenik Pušnik C, Pušnik Vrčkovnik M, Kordež P. Sistem avtomatskih defibrilatorjev v
Sloveniji-ali deluje?: In: Gričar M, Vajd R, eds. Urgenta medicina: izbrana poglavja. Portorož:
Slovensko združenje za urgentno medicino; 2012: 117-119.
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 49
Sinead Stakelum [email protected]
Social Work Practice in HIV- Evaluating the Evolution An investigation into the role of social work within HIV services in Ireland and how social work practice has changed in this setting over the past thirty years. Using a qualitative approach, evaluating literature and social workers experiences will serve as a platform for discussion in relation to the future of social work in HIV services in Ireland.
Background: What does research literature say about your topic, and how does it support your interest in doing a study in this area?
The research states that social work plays a strong role in the provision of HIV services and
Pointdexter (2010) emphasises the need for social workers to assist people to reflect on the
past, deal with the present and plan for the future, and do this all at once. The prevalence of
a need for social work within HIV services, in particular focusing on the psychosocial
environment as advocated for by Linsk (2011), in collaboration with the medical model is
evident through the literature and this certainly supports my interest in studying in this area
as this research could be used as a platform for future discussion and research on HIV and
social work.
Research design:
Discussion of the research design that you are considering.
The research paradigm of this project will be interpretivist and will be primarily descriptive.
Semi-structured interviews will be held with social workers within a HIV setting and these
will be transcribed. The evolution of the role of social work in HIV will be portrayed by a
literature review. The research project will take a qualitative approach as I feel that it is the
2013-1-NO1-ERA10-06366 Page 50
most applicable approach to explore the subject and to gain an insight into social worker’s
views of the evolution in this field as it ‘works at delving into social complexities in order to
truly explore and understand the interactions, processes, lived experiences and belief systems
that are a part of individuals, institutions, cultural groups, and even the everyday’ (O’Leary,
2010, p. 114). The sample used will be social workers in the field of HIV services.
Ethical considerations:
What problems may you encounter, what steps must you take to obtain ethical approval?
I feel that this research may not be burdened by ethical considerations as its aim is to
research and interview social workers who work within a HIV setting. As this research does
not involve interviewing patients or people living with HIV, this may minimise the chance of
an ethical issue arising. Ethical approval will have to be granted by both the college and the
relevant healthcare settings that will be used which may involve time constraints. One area
to be mindful of is my own personal biases having worked in HIV services prior to my studies.
Keywords: social work, HIV, qualitative research, exploration.
References:
Alston, M. and Bowles, W. (2013) Research for Social Workers: An Introduction to
Methods. Oxon: Routledge.
Linsk, N. (2011). Thirty Years into the HIV Epidemic: Social Work Perspectives and
Prospects. Journal of HIV/AIDS and Social Services Vol. 10: pp.218-229
O’Leary, Z. (2010). The Essential Guide to Doing Your Research Project. London: Sage.
Poindexter, C. (2010). Handbook of HIV and Social Work: Principles, Practice and
Populations. New Jersey: Wiley.
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Lida Rohangiz Sheikholeslami
Coping Strategies for phantom pain in amputee patients during rehabilitation
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this study is to gain in depth knowledge about coping strategies among
patients with phantom limb pain, through their expressed experiences. Phantom pain is the
experience of having pain in a limb that is physically no longer part of the body (Nortvedt,
2006). Studies show that between 60% and 80% of amputees, regardless of the reason for
amputation, experience phantom pain (Nikolajsen & Jensen, 2006). The cause of amputation
may be trauma, vascular diseases or infected wounds (Giummarra & Moseley, 2011).
The result of this study can be used to target information to patients about new ways of
adressing phantom pain and rehabilition when conventional medicine is unable to ease the
problem.
How does phantom limb pain manifest in the individual?
Which coping strategies are used when drug treatment does not relieve the pain?
Why do some patients overcome the pain, while others do not?
These questions lead to the central issue:
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How do coping strategies contribute to relieving pain and thus improve quality of life?
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Health promotion : Active participation of the patient strengthens their resources in tackling
new challenges associated with phantom pain ( Maeland , 2005) .
Salutogenesis : By Focusing on health and activity, the nurse can identify new opportunities
and unused aspects in the patients enabling the patients to self- activate their own
resources and potential. In relation to his salutogenetic theory Antonvsky devoloped the
term "sense of coherence”, which implies the degree to which an individual is able to cope
with their most stressful condition in life. ( Sooderkvist , 2001).
Empowerment : Empowerment, giving the patient an active role, expectation that patients
should decide their own treatment in order to utilize their resources ( WHO).
Coping : Learning to live with phantom experience and phantom pain. Applying this
knowledge can lead to healthier behavior and achieving coping goals ( Tveit, 2013 ) .
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH IN MASTER THESIS.
The method is qualitative. I will use a semi-structured interview guide with patients, and
have a relatively open approach. In open interviews, patients are able to describe their
experience of phantom pain, and which coping approach is effective in overcoming this pain.
The method is appropriate for explaining the knowledge and perspectives of the
participants' premises (Malterud, 2013).
Key words: Phantom limb pain, amputation,coping,empowerment, nursing, patient
education.
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Anna Gonzi
Email address: [email protected]
Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention at Cardiac Catheterisation Suite in Malta: A Patients’ Perception
Background:
The Cardiac Catheterisation Suite in Malta provides primary or urgent percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI) for persons who are suffering from ST segment elevation myocardial
infarction (STEMI).
As a nurse working at the Cardiac Catheterisation Suite for the past 13 years, I have constantly
observed that Primary PCI are increasing in line with cardiology practice guidelines (Antman
et al., 2008) - requiring specialised attention with regards to the patient’s needs and safety.
Primary PCI involves the urgent opening of the blocked artery with a dilatation balloon
catheter and/or a stent which is implanted to treat the lesion (Hatchett & Thompson, 2002).
The aim of this study is to explore the patient’s perception through this procedure from the
moment he is admitted to hospital until his discharge.
Research Design:
The research design will be a qualitative study and phenomenological-based. Audio recorded
semi-structured interviews will be conducted with 5 participants. The purpose of the
phenomenological approach is to identify the experiences of patients who have undergone a
primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
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Phenomenological research challenges structural and normative assumptions, and brings
about the patient’s own experience from their perspective. This project will also integrate a
review of the literature.
Ethical considerations: Due to the nature of the study, any individual experiencing distress can
be assisted by a psychologist. Confidentiality will be ensured as all audio recordings and
transcripts will be stored in a locked cabinet. To prevent intrusiveness all interviews will be
held in a place and at a time suitable to participants. Additionally all potential participants will
initially be approached by an intermediary who will not inform the present researcher of any
individual who declines to participate in the study.
Keywords: Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Cardiac Catheterisation, ST segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Perception.
References:
Antman, E. M., Hand, M., Armstrong, P. W., Bates, E. R., Green, L. A., Halasyamani, L. K., . . . Mullany, C. J. (2008). 2007 focused update of the ACC/AHA 2004 guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 51(2), 210-247.
Hatchett, R., & Thompson, D. (2002). The sociological and human impact of coronary heart disease. Cardiac Nursing: A Comprehensive Guide, 3-13.
Bibliography:
Waruszynski, B. T. (2002). Ethical issues in qualitative research. Walking the Tightrope: Ethical Issues for Qualitative Researchers, 152.