world bank green freight transport initiative for brazil ... · sector to drive efficiency,...
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World BankGreen Freight Transport Initiative for Brazil
Transporte de Carga de Baixo Carbono
June 15, 2011
Georges Darido, Transport [email protected]
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Convergência de agendas – green freight
1. Logística: eficiência, competitividade e crescimentoSupporting improvements in the freight and logistics sector to drive efficiency, competitiveness, and growth
2. Um setor de transporte mais limpo ou “verde”The “Green” agenda:
• Promoting climate change mitigation by supporting steps to reduce the carbon intensity of the freight sector
• Supporting governments dealing with local air pollution• Finding synergies and co-benefits, such as congestion
management in urban areas and energy independence
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Tendência crescente de emissões no setor
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Ministério do Meio Ambiente, 1º inventário Nacional de Emissões Atmosféricas Por Veículos Automotores Rodoviários, Janeiro 2011.
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Peso do combustível no custo operacional
• Fuel is a very important part of truck operating costs (excluding maintenance and depreciation costs)
• Approximate share of total operating costs in Brazil:
• In China, fuel can be as much as 59% of operating costs
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Fuel, 40%
Wages, 30%
Insurance, 20%
Tolls, 10%
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Papel do Banco Mundial
• Apoiar o setor público na definição de estratégias e complementação de planos existentes– Plano Nacional de Mudanças Climáticas para o setor de transporte:
• Qual e o potencial de cada estratégia no Brasil?• O que se pode fazer no curto prazo e com pouco recurso?
• Reduzir barreiras como falta de financiamento ou informação, e riscos de inovação– Empréstimos e assistência técnica ao setor público para
transporte de baixo carbono– Induzir investimentos inovadores, por exemplo: avaliar testes
pilotos e criar um “revolving fund”– Carbon finance e MDL (mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo)
Objetivo: Acelerar o processo de modernização no setor de transporte
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Estratégias para Transporte de Baixo Carbono
Infrastructure• Improving condition of existing roadways to reduce operating
costs• Expanding rail/waterway network to induce mode shifts
Logistics (reducing empty truck kms)• Network optimization with communications equipment and new
facilities (terminals, etc.)
Behavior and maintenance• Driver training (eco-driving) and incentives• Financing and capacity building for small operators• Better regulations and enforcement
Technologies for Energy Efficiency• Oldest trucks: scrappage programs• Trucks in operations: incremental technology improvements,
incentives for experimenting and adopting• New trucks: standards, smart incentives (tax) and regulations• Public-Private Partnerships and voluntary programs
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Atividades do Banco Mundial
• Infraestrutura: (equilíbrio modal e eficiência)– Apoiando o PNLT na transferência modal– Financiamento para novas rodovias estratégias, restauração e
manutenção, condição da malha e pavimentação– Estudos: hidrovias, ferroanel em SP, esquema PPP para corredores
multimodais• Logística: (reduzir circulação de veículos vazios)
– Primeira pesquisa OD de carga urbana em SP– Estudos para instalações intermodais, plataformas logísticas
• Comportamento e manutenção: (fator humano):– Teste piloto e avaliação de boas praticas operacionais, treinamento, e
sistemas de incentivos• Tecnologias de melhor eficiência energética
– Teste piloto e avaliação de tecnologias pouco conhecidas ou com um grande potencial de difusão (payback <3 anos)
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Logística e Carga Urbana em São Paulo
• World Bank/GEF funded effort in SP to develop:– First freight origin-destination
study (freight flow survey)– Technical lead: CET-SP– Administration: ANTP
• Objective: Urban freight transportmodel to test/refine policies:• Area and time restrictions for trucks– Urban Freight Vehicle (VUC): size
and performance standards– Distribution hubs, logistics platforms,
and mini terminals– Exclusive corridors and bypasses:
ring road and rail– Tolling/pricing?
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Perfil da frota de caminhões no Brasil
• 2009 profile of trucks fleet in Brazil (>1.3 million) by engine/emissions technology and type of ownership:
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0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
P1 a
nd
Old
er
P2
(Eur
o 0)
P3
(E
URO
I)
P4
(E
URO
II) P5
(EU
RO
III)
597,219
48,755 71,668 98,18924,478
125,834
30,31663,171
186,592
108,075
2,159
392524
1,182
606
Cooperatives
Companies
Independent Owners
>20 yrs 6-20 yrs
ANTT 2010 Registry
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Estratégias de curto prazo• Tecnologias para veículos pesados
– Velhos: programa para sucateamento (scrappage)• Experiência internacional
– Em operação: melhorias incrementais (retrofit) e incentivos para eficiência energética
• Teste piloto: avaliação de tecnologias como pneus verdes e defletores
– Novos: normas, políticas de imposto, e incentivos para financiamento
• Experiência internacional
• Comportamento e manutenção– Teste pilote: treinamento, incentivos, parametrização e
telemetria• Modelos de parcerias voluntarias
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CASE 1: ESTADOS UNIDOS
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Modelo de parceria nos EUA: SmartWay
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TechnologyVendor
Banker Financer
Shipperembarcador
CarrierTransportador
FacilitatorCoordenador
Partnership
Data
Dat
a
VerificationData
Part
ners
hip
Facilitation
Economia Combustível
Reduzir Emissões
ConsumersGreen Marketing
Informed choices
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
“SmartWay Partnership” results in the US
>2,700 Partners:– Drive approximately 650,000 trucks (10% of industry)– Travel over 60 billion miles per year (30% of industry)– Consume over 12 billion gallons of fuel (32% of industry)– In addition, encompasses - rail operators, freight shippers,
logistics companies, technology manufacturers, trucks stops, ports, banks, vehicle and equipment dealer and service centers
Since 2004, SmartWay Partners saved:– 14.7 million metric tons of CO2 – 1.5 billion gallons of diesel fuel– 3.6 billion dollars in fuel costs– Equivalent to taking about 3 million cars off the road for 1
year
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Why is SmartWay successful in the US?
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Shippers:– Top of the supply chain, drive
marketplace demand– Give preferred status to
SmartWay Carrier Partners– Get better data to improve their
own shipping operations – Modify logistics operations to
improve efficiency & reduce emissions, for example:
• Inter-modal Shipping• Full Truck Loads• Warehouse Improvements• Idle-Reduction at facilities
– Get recognition and PR value with SmartWay brand
Carriers:– Gain competitive advantage:
• Preferred status, plus• Fuel efficiency, savings
– Reduce emissions– Integrate fuel saving
technologies and strategies into fleets, such as:
• Idle Reduction• Improved Aerodynamics• Efficient Tire Systems• Driver Training• Renewable Fuels• Advanced Lubricants
– Get recognition and PR value with SmartWay brand
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Leque de tecnologias econômicas
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CASE 2: CHINA
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Sector situation in China• Tire pressure
– Most drivers only use hammer to check tire pressure– 14% of drivers check pressure less than once per week
• Truck loads– Empty of partially empty trucks are common– Overloading is common
• Many cost-effective technologies available but not yet widely applied– Low rolling resistance tires– Aluminum wheels– Automatic tire pressure monitoring– Aerodynamics: e.g. skirts or nosecone
• Introduction of Euro IV fuel makes emission reduction technologies possible
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Pilot Testing in Guangzhou, China
• Carried out 2008-2009– Technology testing on 14 trucks in three truck fleets
• Tire systems• Aerodynamics
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Pilot Testing: Tire equipment (a)
• Dual low rolling resistance tires: reduces rolling resistance
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Load and Inflation • 830 kPa• 5,000 kg
455/50R 22.5
RULE: For every 70 kPa under inflation is 1% penalty in fuel economy
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Pilot Testing: Tire equipment (b)
• Aluminum wheels: reduces weight of wheel
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Pilot Testing: Tire equipment (c)
• Automatic tire pressure monitoring system: keeps tire pressure more constant
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Pilot Testing: Aerodynamics (a)
• Skirts: reduce wind underneath the trailer
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HDPE plastic will last life of trailer
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Pilot Testing: Aerodynamics (b)
• Nosecone: reduces turbulence
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Pilot Testing: Aerodynamics (c)
• Gap fairing: reduces the tractor-trailer gap
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Distance between back of cab and front of trailer Trailer GapWill make difference in % of savings
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Green Trucks Pilot Project GuangzhouResults of Test on 3 Fleets + Driver Training:• XingBang Co. – Tires & Monitoring, [local & Long Haul]
~1.8% fuel efficiency improvement• Star of City Logistics Co. – Tires, Monitoring, nose cone,
Trailer Skirts, [Long Haul] ~ 3.5% improvement• Baiyun Municipal Garbage – Tires, Monitoring, [Local]
up to 18% improvement
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Guangdong Demonstration Proj (1)
• Technology Demonstration– Energy Efficiency truck technologies demonstration
• 1500-1800 trucks– Pilot testing of logistics operation technologies:
• Pilot Advanced Brokerage Information System• Pilot “Drop-and-Hook” freight operations
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Guangdong Demonstration Proj (2)
• Innovative Finance– Green Freight technology rebate
• based on the prevailing down payment rate for a truck loan– performance-based payments
• based on the prevailing interest rate of a truck loan– better access for SMEs to commercial finance
• creating quality pipeline projects for commercial banks• sharing information between banks and SMEs
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Guangdong Demonstration Proj (3)
• Large-scale Capacity Building– Policy research– Training for installation and operation of technologies– Training for government officials and enterprise managers– Marketing and branding – Awareness raising and information dissemination– “Green Freight Trade Fairs” and “Green Freight Summits”– Driving market demand for green freight service providers– Enhanced Carbon Accounting and Supply Chain Efficiency
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Brazil “Green Trucks” Project, Phase I:
• Ongoing activities:– Study and market surveys to understand the sector– Seeking partners to conduct pilot tests of:
• Innovative, energy-efficiency technologies• Improved behavior and maintenance practices• Improved logistics
• Potential activities:– Technical assistance to design/evaluate pilot tests– Facilitate policy dialog– Technical site visits for officials– Workshop(s) to collect and disseminate findings
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Technology pilot test in Brazil• Truck fleet (partners: NTC, companies)• Proposed technologies to be tested:
– Aerodynamic deflectors, gap fairings, and trailer skirts– Low rolling resistance tires– Tracking and dispatch systems– Training – Others
• Experimental design• Evaluation and auditing (World Bank)• Dissemination
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World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil
Obrigado pela atenção
• Georges DaridoTel: [email protected]
• Shomik Mehndiratta• Ricardo Marar
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