World War 1:1914-1920 A World War Begins

Today’s Objective

•Describe the causes of World War I•Identify the terrorist attack that occurred•Identify the countries involved in World

War I•Identify the new type of warfare used in

the beginning

Words to Know

•Arms Race: a contest to build weapons and military power

•Terrorist: a person who uses violence for a political cause

•Stalemate: a situation in which neither side wins nor loses

The Beginning

•In 1914, war broke out in Europe•The war was called the Great War, later

WWI•This war was different than any other war•Entire countries suffered in the war•This war affected people all over the

world

Causes of the War•The war had many causes:•1) People felt their group or nation was

better than others•2) A contest between nations for trade

and colonies•3) A growth of alliances (friendships

among countries), protect one another•Countries did not trust each other, raced

to build the greatest armed forces (arms race). This showed power and greatness.

The Archduke and the Terrorist•Austria-Hungary a weak nation that controlled

Bosnia. Serbs in Bosnia wanted to join Serbia•Archduke Franz Ferdinand, who was next in

line to rule AH visited Sarajevo in Bosnia.•He was killed by a Serbian, along with his wife.•The terrorist killed for a political cause.•Austria Hungary declared war on Serbia

because a Serbian shot and killed the archduke.

Archduke Ferdinand and his wife getting ready to parade through Sarajevo.

The Central and Allied Nations•There were 2 sides in the war; Central and

Allied•Central: Germany, Austria-Hungary and the

Ottoman Empire•Allies: Britain, France, and Russia•War was fought on land, at sea and in the air.•Main battleground was Europe•Longest fighting took place in France and

Belgium•Both sides hoped for a quick end to the fighting

The First Years of the War

•Battles were lost and won•Neither side wanted to give up, neither

side won or lost at the end of 1914•Trench warfare began. Soldiers dug

trenches in the ground and took cover. Millions would live and die in the muddy ditches.

•“No man’s land”- empty area between the trenches of both sides. Soldiers would crawl and battle to the other side.

Weapons of War

•New weapons were issued to soldiers•New machine guns•New tanks, poison gas, submarines, and

airplanes•Soldiers and civilians lost their lives