World War I --America on the Homefront:

"The Poster War"

Ms. Susan PojerHorace Greeley HS

Chappaqua, NY

WarMobilization

1. Enlistment

The Most Famous Recruitment Poster

Uncle Sam—He the Man!

“Huns Kill Women and Children!”

The “Little Soldier”

World War I American “Anthem”

1917 – Selective Service Act24,000,000 men registered for the draft by the end of 1918.

4,800,000 men served in WW1 (2,000,000 saw active combat).

400,000 African-Americansserved in segregated units.

15,000 Native-Americans served as scouts, messengers, and snipers in non-segregated units.

2. Expansion of the Federal Government

Council of National DefenseWar Industries Board –

Bernard Baruch

Food Administration – Herbert Hoover (future president)

Railroad Administration – William McAdoo

National War Labor Board – W. H.Taft & Frank P.Walsh

(former president)

U. S. Food Administration

U. S. Food Administration

U. S. Food Administration

National War Garden Commission

U. S. School Garden Army

U. S. Fuel Administration

U. S. Fuel Administration

Results of This New Organization of the Economy?

1. Unemployment virtually disappeared.2. Expansion of “big government.”3. Increased govt. regulations in economy4. Some gross mismanagement

overlapping jurisdictions.5. Close cooperation between public

and private sectors.6. Unprecedented opportunities for

disadvantaged groups.

3. New Social/Economic

Opportunities

A. Women

YWCA – The Blue Triangle

The YWCA was the first organization to send professional workers overseas to provide administrative leadership and support to U.S. Armed Forces. 1918

Munitions Work

The Girls They Left Behind Do Their Bit!

Women Used In Recruitment

Hello, Big Boy!

Even Grandma Buys Liberty Bonds

The Red Cross Nurse

The American Red Cross was founded by Clara Barton in 1881 (after she heard of the global network while visiting Europe after the Civil War).

National League for Woman’s Service

This was a civilian volunteer organization formed during WWI, that worked in conjunction with the Red Cross. Volunteers provided stateside assistance to soldiers, veterans, and war workers.

B. African-Americans

Opportunities for African-Americans in WWI

“Great Migration” 1916 – 1919 70,000

War industries work

Enlistment in segregated units

For “Colored”

Men in Service

(even segregated boarding houses)

C. New AmericanImmigrants

The “Flag of Liberty” Represents All of Us!

We are ALL Americans!

(so you should buy Liberty Bonds, too!)

4. WartimePropaganda

(please go to Part 2 ppt)