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World Wars Unit World War I (1914-1918) World War II (1939-1945)

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American Wars American Revolution (1775-1783) American Revolution (1775-1783) War of 1812 (1812-1815) War of 1812 (1812-1815) Mexican War (1846-1848) Mexican War (1846-1848) U.S. Civil War (1861-1865) U.S. Civil War (1861-1865) Spanish-American War (1898) Spanish-American War (1898) World War I (1917-1918) World War I (1917-1918) World War II (1941-1945) World War II (1941-1945) Korean War (1950-1953) Korean War (1950-1953) Vietnam War (1953-1975) Vietnam War (1953-1975)

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American Wars (continued) Persian Gulf War (1990-1991) Persian Gulf War (1990-1991) War in Afghanistan (2001-Present) War in Afghanistan (2001-Present) Iraq War (2003-2011) Iraq War (2003-2011)

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Causes of World War I 1. Nationalism Pride in ones country

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Causes of World War I 2. Entangled Alliances agreements between nations to protect each other.

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Causes of World War I 3. Militarism Arms races between nationsArms races between nations Built up to intimidate other nationsBuilt up to intimidate other nations Russian army had over 1,000,000Russian army had over 1,000,000 Germany and France had 900,000 eachGermany and France had 900,000 each 4. Imperialism Stronger countries taking over smaller ones

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The Spark Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand From Austria-Hungary & was visiting Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia.From Austria-Hungary & was visiting Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia. He was assassinated by terrorists of Serbia who wanted Bosnia to break from A-H and join SerbiaHe was assassinated by terrorists of Serbia who wanted Bosnia to break from A-H and join Serbia

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The Spark Gavrilo Princip Serbian Assassin Franz Ferdinand & his wife

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Central Powers vs Allied Powers Central Powers GERMANY GERMANY AUSTRIA HUNGARY AUSTRIA HUNGARY OTTOMAN EMPIRE OTTOMAN EMPIRE Allied Powers FRANCE FRANCE BRITAIN BRITAIN RUSSIA RUSSIA ITALY ITALY

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Conditions on the Front in WWI 1. New Weapons Utilized Machine GunsMachine Guns Poison gas (Mustard Gas)Poison gas (Mustard Gas) TanksTanks Airplanes & U-Boats (Submarines)Airplanes & U-Boats (Submarines)

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Conditions on the Front in WWI 2. Trench Warfare No Mans LandNo Mans Land Disease and influenzaDisease and influenza

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Battle of Ypres Legends of the Fall https://www.youtube.com/wa tch?v=VYWlhwmxg7g

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First Three Years of the War Deadly battles were fought w/ nothing to show but a stalemate. Deadly battles were fought w/ nothing to show but a stalemate. A stalemate is a deadlock in which neither side is strong enough to defeat the other. A stalemate is a deadlock in which neither side is strong enough to defeat the other.

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America Joins the War

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US Army President Woodrow Wilson gets declaration of war from Congress President Woodrow Wilson gets declaration of war from Congress Entire army led by General Pershing Entire army led by General Pershing Industrial power of the U.S. changes the course of the war Industrial power of the U.S. changes the course of the war Shortly after joining the war, Germany seeks peace Shortly after joining the war, Germany seeks peace

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World War I Casualties

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Effects of World War I Treaty of Versailles Treaty of Versailles -Establishment of League of Nations -German reparations : King Wilhelm II steps down Over 9 million dead known as the Lost Generation Over 9 million dead known as the Lost Generation *America seen as a power to be dealt with after the war.

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WWI - End of Empires Hapsburg Dynasty (Germany & Austria) Hapsburg Dynasty (Germany & Austria) Romanovs Romanovs (Russian Czars) (Russian Czars) Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire (Middle East) (Middle East) Family of Czar Nicholas II last of the Romanov Rulers of Russia

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The Russian Revolution 1917Workers revolt against the Czar -- Bolsheviks take over Russia and begin a socialist system under Vladimir Lenin. 1917Workers revolt against the Czar -- Bolsheviks take over Russia and begin a socialist system under Vladimir Lenin. Allied countries (Great Britain, France, Japan and the United States) send troops to support anti-communist forces, but communist forces eventually prevail. Allied countries (Great Britain, France, Japan and the United States) send troops to support anti-communist forces, but communist forces eventually prevail.

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The Soviet Union 1922 --Lenin establishes the Soviet Union (USSR) 1922 --Lenin establishes the Soviet Union (USSR)

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The Rise of Joseph Stalin 1924Lenin dies Several leaders struggle for power including Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin. 1924Lenin dies Several leaders struggle for power including Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin. Eventually, Stalin seizes power and becomes a dictator over USSRimposing a totalitarian state. Eventually, Stalin seizes power and becomes a dictator over USSRimposing a totalitarian state. He begins a Five Year Plan to increase industrialization and collectivize agriculture in the Soviet Union. He begins a Five Year Plan to increase industrialization and collectivize agriculture in the Soviet Union.

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The Red Scare After the Russian Revolution, fear of a similar revolution in the United States by communists from Russia led to a period known as the Red Scare. After the Russian Revolution, fear of a similar revolution in the United States by communists from Russia led to a period known as the Red Scare. This led to increase fear of immigrants and restrictions on immigration were passed by Congress. This led to increase fear of immigrants and restrictions on immigration were passed by Congress.

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New Leaders Emerge In Italy, a new fascist government emerged in 1922 under Benito Mussolini. He rose to power using propaganda, brutality, and intimidation promoting an ultra- nationalist Italy and himself as Il Duce (the Leader). In Italy, a new fascist government emerged in 1922 under Benito Mussolini. He rose to power using propaganda, brutality, and intimidation promoting an ultra- nationalist Italy and himself as Il Duce (the Leader).

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Fascism in Germany In 1921, Adolf Hitler took control of the National Socialist German Workers Partybetter known as the Nazis. In 1921, Adolf Hitler took control of the National Socialist German Workers Partybetter known as the Nazis. He became chancellor of Germany in 1933 and eventually claimed the title Fuhrer (guide of Germany) and established himself as dictator over the Third Reich. He became chancellor of Germany in 1933 and eventually claimed the title Fuhrer (guide of Germany) and established himself as dictator over the Third Reich.

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Leadership in Japan Japanese Emperor Hirohito began his reign in Japan in 1926. He did not exercise absolute control over the government. Japanese Emperor Hirohito began his reign in Japan in 1926. He did not exercise absolute control over the government. Instead, an army general, Hideki Tojo, assumed the role of Japans premier leading it through World War II. Instead, an army general, Hideki Tojo, assumed the role of Japans premier leading it through World War II.

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Authoritarian Government and Totalitarianism Authoritarian Government - is ruled by a single person or party interested in political power. Authoritarian Government - is ruled by a single person or party interested in political power. Totalitarianism - is a government which seeks to control not only political power, but the economy, culture, and social life. Totalitarianism - is a government which seeks to control not only political power, but the economy, culture, and social life. These governments often use terror and fear--utilizing propaganda and controlling access to information such as the press and education. (Examples: Italy, Germany, & USSR) These governments often use terror and fear--utilizing propaganda and controlling access to information such as the press and education. (Examples: Italy, Germany, & USSR)

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Aggression in Asia 1931Japan Invades Manchuria 1931Japan Invades Manchuria Japan leaves the League of Nations Japan leaves the League of Nations By 1938, Japan has control of major cities along Chinese coast By 1938, Japan has control of major cities along Chinese coast

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German Expansion Hitler begins rebuilding German military and marches troops into the Rhineland (lost in WWI) Hitler begins rebuilding German military and marches troops into the Rhineland (lost in WWI) Germany annexes Austria and claims parts of the Sudetenland Germany annexes Austria and claims parts of the Sudetenland Great Britain and France pursue policy of appeasementrather than challenge Hitlers aggression Great Britain and France pursue policy of appeasementrather than challenge Hitlers aggression In 1939, Hitler invades Poland In 1939, Hitler invades Poland Britain and France declare war on Germanythus beginning World War II Britain and France declare war on Germanythus beginning World War II

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The Holocaust Hitlers policy of Nazi racism targeted Jewish people and fed on European anti- semitism (racism against Jews) Hitlers policy of Nazi racism targeted Jewish people and fed on European anti- semitism (racism against Jews) Hitler viewed Jews as a national enemy and began implementing his Final Solutionelimination of Jewish people by sending them to concentration camps as slave laborers and then executing them in gas chambers Hitler viewed Jews as a national enemy and began implementing his Final Solutionelimination of Jewish people by sending them to concentration camps as slave laborers and then executing them in gas chambers The extermination of nearly 6 million Jews, as well as Gypsies, Slavs, and other people deemed undesirable came to be known as the Holocaust The extermination of nearly 6 million Jews, as well as Gypsies, Slavs, and other people deemed undesirable came to be known as the Holocaust

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World War II --1940 Germany invades and takes control of: Germany invades and takes control of: Denmark, Norway, Belgium, Netherlands and France Begin blitzkrieg of Britain; nightly bombing raids Begin blitzkrieg of Britain; nightly bombing raids British Royal Air Force help fight off German air assault and prevent invasion. British Royal Air Force help fight off German air assault and prevent invasion.

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Axis Powers 1940,Germany, Italy and Japan form an alliance known as the Axis Powers 1940,Germany, Italy and Japan form an alliance known as the Axis Powers

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US Neutrality before World War II 1935 Neutrality Act passed by Congress to stay out of European conflicts 1935 Neutrality Act passed by Congress to stay out of European conflicts 1940 -- U.S. imposes embargo on Japan after its invasion of China 1940 -- U.S. imposes embargo on Japan after its invasion of China March, 1941 Congress passes March, 1941 Congress passes Lend-Lease Act to allow President Roosevelt to send aid to Great Britain

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Japan attacks Pearl Harbor Dec. 7 th 1941Japan launches surprise attack on U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Dec. 7 th 1941Japan launches surprise attack on U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

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After Pearl Harbor, the U.S. declares war on Japan and joins Allies (Great Britain, USSR, and French resistance) against the Axis Powers After Pearl Harbor, the U.S. declares war on Japan and joins Allies (Great Britain, USSR, and French resistance) against the Axis Powers U.S. joins Allies in World War II

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Women join domestic war effort Many women filled industrial jobs that had been held by men who were sent overseas Many women filled industrial jobs that had been held by men who were sent overseas A popular symbol of these women was Rosie the Riveter A popular symbol of these women was Rosie the Riveter

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Suspicion of Germans, Italians and Japanese in U.S. Since the U.S. was at war with these countries, suspicion of citizens with origins in Germany, Italy and Japan led to their removal to remote internment camps. Since the U.S. was at war with these countries, suspicion of citizens with origins in Germany, Italy and Japan led to their removal to remote internment camps.

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Allied Powers meet at Tehran In 1943, leaders of the three major Allied Powers (ChurchillBritain, Roosevelt--US, Stalin-- USSR) In 1943, leaders of the three major Allied Powers (ChurchillBritain, Roosevelt--US, Stalin-- USSR) met in the Tehran Conference to discuss plans for defeating Germany

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D-Day June 6, 1944 - The amphibious invasion of Normandy (occupied by Nazis) named Operation Overlord headed by supreme allied commander Dwight D. Eisenhower June 6, 1944 - The amphibious invasion of Normandy (occupied by Nazis) named Operation Overlord headed by supreme allied commander Dwight D. Eisenhower

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Germany Surrenders German power pushed back to Berlin German power pushed back to Berlin With Russian and American Armies approaching Berlin, Hitler commits suicide in his bunker on April 30, 1945 With Russian and American Armies approaching Berlin, Hitler commits suicide in his bunker on April 30, 1945 German officers surrender on May 8, 1945 German officers surrender on May 8, 1945 Known as V-E Day (Victory Europe Day) Known as V-E Day (Victory Europe Day)

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The Atomic Bomb Led by Robert Oppenheimer, the Manhattan Project successfully produced two Atomic bombs at Los Alamos, New Mexico (called Fat Man and Little Boy) Led by Robert Oppenheimer, the Manhattan Project successfully produced two Atomic bombs at Los Alamos, New Mexico (called Fat Man and Little Boy) On August 6 th, 1945, the first Atomic bomb is dropped on Hiroshima, Japan On August 6 th, 1945, the first Atomic bomb is dropped on Hiroshima, Japan Three days later, a second bomb exploded over Nagasaki Three days later, a second bomb exploded over Nagasaki Japan surrendered on August 14 th, 1945thus ending World War II and beginning the Atomic Age Japan surrendered on August 14 th, 1945thus ending World War II and beginning the Atomic Age