Unit 6: World War I

“a concerted set of messages aimed at influencing the opinions or behavior of large numbers of people.” (Wikipedia)

Like advertising – tries to convince you of something

Used by governments to gain support of people

Direct appeal

Authority

Hero Keep It

Simple

French “Cardinal Mercier

protects Belgium.” Real person who

organized resistance to German invasion

German “Go, soldier, and

fulfill your duty.Christ, the good shepherd, watch over your flock.Oh Master!  Bring us into your Kingdom, thy will be done,On Earth, as it is in heaven.”Trans. courtesy Bob Shaw

In Flanders fields the poppies blowBetween the crosses, row on row,That mark our place; and in the skyThe larks, still bravely singing, flyScarce heard amid the guns below.

We are the dead. Short days agoWe lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,Loved, and were loved, and now we lieIn Flanders fields.

Take up our quarrel with the foe:To you from failing hands we throwThe torch; be yours to hold it high.If ye break faith with us who dieWe shall not sleep, though poppies growIn Flanders fields.

John McRaeb. Nov. 30, 1872d. Jan. 28, 1918

Canadian lt. col. Written May, 1915;

published Dec. 8, 1915 Killed Jan. 28, 1918

Papaver rhoeas – corn poppy

Associated with sleep and death (opium); red = blood

Common weed in Europe

Grows in disturbed soil

Became symbol of dead soldiers

…Gas! Gas! Quick, boys! –  An ecstasy of fumbling,  Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time;  But someone still was yelling out and stumbling,  And flound'ring like a man in fire or lime . . .  Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light,  As under a green sea, I saw him drowning.  In all my dreams, before my helpless sight,  He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.  If in some smothering dreams you too could pace  Behind the wagon that we flung him in,  And watch the white eyes writhing in his face,  His hanging face, like a devil's sick of sin;  If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood  Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs,  Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,  My friend, you would not tell with such high zest  To children ardent for some desperate glory,  The old Lie; Dulce et Decorum est  Pro patria mori.

Wilfred Owenb. March 18, 1893 d. Nov. 4, 1918

British Killed 1 week before the

armistice Written Oct. 1917-March 1918 Published posthumously 1920 Quotes a poem of Horace