wwi: the beginnings. announcements keep the windows shut! we need to test the ac to see if it is...
TRANSCRIPT
Announcements
• KEEP THE WINDOWS SHUT! We need to test the AC to see if it is able to keep the room cool. It was 71 at the beginning of 3rd. If it gets too hot, we will open the window.
• Turn on a fan if you are hot! • Tests are graded and in IC!
Setting the Stage
• 1900’s
• European nations were mostly at peace for the past 30 years
• Efforts to outlaw war
• Achieve a permanent peace had been gaining momentum in Europe since Napoleon
• Peace organizations
• Peace congresses convened regularly
• Some Europeans believed that progress had made war a thing of the past
The Rise of Nationalism
• What is nationalism?
• Serve as unifying force within a country
• Intense competition among nations
• Fierce rivalry between Europe’s Great Powers-Germany, Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, Russia, Italy and France
• Competition for materials and markets
• Territorial disputes
• Intense nationalism among ethnic groups who demand independence
Imperialism and Militarism
• Fight over land in Africa and Asia pushed European nations to brink of war
• Sense of rivalry and mistrust
• European arms race
• To be great-must have a powerful military
• Important to quickly mobilize
Otto von Bismarck and Alliances
• What is an alliance?
• Alliance system to keep peace?
• Otto von Bismark (Prussia)o chancelloro Used war to unify Germanyo Maintain peace in Europeo Saw France as great threato Wanted revenge for defeat in
Franco-Prussian Waro Goal to isolate France
Alliance System-Triple Alliance
• Otto von Bismarck
• Prussia
• Formed Dual Alliance between Germany and Austria Hungary
• Triple Alliance-Italy joins
• Russia is separate ally to Prussia
Kaiser Wilhelm II
• Kaiser Wilhelm IIo Ruler of Germanyo Forced Bismarck to resigno Show the world how powerful
Germany becameo Ended Russian treaty
Russia responded by forming a defensive military alliance with France
o Two-front war?o Work to build up navy
Alliance System-Triple Entente
• Great Britain formed an entente with France as a result
• Triple Entente-Great Britain, France, Russia
• Triple Alliance vs. Triple Entente
Crisis in the Balkans: Restless Region
• Assortment of ethnic groups
• History of nationalist uprisings and ethnic clashes, known as “powder keg.”
• Ottomans in decline
• Balkan struggle to free themselves from Ottoman Turks
• Some had broken away from Turkish rulers and formed Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia
• Nationalism is powerful in those nations
About to Light a Match
• 1908 Austria annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Serbian leaders outraged
• Tensions between Serbia and Austria rose
• Serbs vowed to take Bosnia and Herzegovina away from Austria
• Austria-Hungary vowed to crush any Serbian effort to undermine its authority in Balkans
Match is Lit
• Archduke Franz Ferdinando Heir to Austro-Hungary
• June 28, 1914o Couple visited capital of
Bosniao Ferdinand and wife shot
point-blank range as they rode through the streets of Sarajevo in an open car
o Gavrilo Princip, 19 year old Serbian and member of Black Hand
Shot Rings Throughout Europe
• Because Princip was a Serbian, Austria decided to use the murders as an excuse to punish Serbia
• July 23o Austria presented Serbia with
ultimatumo If refused, result in waro Serbian leaders agree but want
to negotiate
• July 28o Austria rejects Serbia’s offero Declares war
Response to Murder
• After Austria declares war---
• Russian leaders order mobilization of troops toward the Austrian border
• Why Russia?o Ally of Serbia, large Slavic
population
• Leaders all over Europe notice
• European stability about to collapse into armed conflict
• British foreign minister, Italian government, Kaiser Wilhelm urged Austria and Russia to negotiate
Today’s Activity
Should you always support an ally?WWI has begun. You are the leader of a European country and must decide
what to do. Your nation is one of several that have agreed to support each other in the event of war. Some of your allies have joined the fight.
You must decide what to do…
How will you decide?How will you win your people over?
What You Will Do
As a nation, you have to work together to make decisions.
Therefore, as a nation you have to work as a group to make tough decisions.
As a group, you must come to a joint decision with what you will do, and how you will handle the situation.
4th Block Groups
• Quinton, Johnathan, James• Jacob L., Susannah, Terron• Austin B., Kirkland• Justin C., Ryan, Jay• Kyle, Colby, Alexis• Casey, Nick, Chad• Sevren, Jacob S., Zach P., Kerrigan, • Hieu, Zach H., Kayla, Travis
5th Block Groups
• Matthew, Josiah, Johnathan• Merita, Hunter, Jasmine• Brianna, Michelle, Jordan• Christa, Emily, Kari• Lucas, Reese, Kaitlyn, Megan• Alexsis, Jonathan, Susannah• Elliott, Josh, Samantha• Mikea, Nathan S., Jordan
As a group-You MUST decide:
1. Are you going to go to war?a. If no-how will you tell your allies?
2. How will you support your allies?a. Either way-yes or no.
3. How will you win your people over?a. How will you get your people to join the forces?
b. How can you get support from your people if you don’t?
4. Make a propaganda poster to make people join your side.
Examining the Issues
• Should you always support a friend, no matter what he or she does?
• What might be a long-term consequences of refusing to help an ally?