1939-1945WWII

Treaty of Versailles• Germany had to accept

blame for starting WWI

• Germany was responsible for 63 billion in war reparations

• Germany was stripped of much its military

Countries that are economically depressed tend to lean toward radical forms of government.

The League of Nations

Who is not a part of the league?

Rise of Nationalism

Japan Italy Germany

Militarists/Expansionists Fascists/Expansionists Nazis/Expansionists

Hideki Tojo Benito Mussolini Adolph Hitler

Manchuria/Pacific Northern Africa Europe

U.S. Isolationism Disillusioned w/WWI

-deaths and debt

Nye Committee-arms dealer profits

Neutrality Acts-outlawed sale of arms to nations

at warAmerica First Committee

-strived to keep US out of war

Germans take over Europe

Battle of Britain, 1940

"After an explosion of a nearby bomb, you could actually feel your eyeballs being sucked out. I was holding my eyes to try and stop them from going. And the suction was so vast, it ripped my shirt away, and

ripped my trousers. Then, I couldn't get my breath, the smoke was like acid and everything around me was black and yellow."

- quoted in London at War

"We shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing-grounds, we shall fight in the hills;

we shall never surrender."

- Winston Churchill, 1940

FDR's Position

"This nation will remain a neutral nation, but I cannot ask that every American remain neutral

in thought as well...Even a neutral nation cannot be asked to close his mind or

conscience..."

-radio speech, 1939

"Aresenal for Democracy"

American Policy Policy Details

Cash and CarryNations could buy US arms but would pay in cash and transport

them themselves

Destroyers for Bases DealAllowed cashless Britain to trade

naval bases for much needed naval destroyers

Lend-Lease Aid We lended arms to "any country whose defense was vital to the US"

Lend-Lease Aid

Great Britain.........................$31 billionSoviet Union..........................$11 billionFrance..................................$3 billionChina..................................$1.5 billion

Other European......................$500 millionSouth America.......................$400 million

The amount totaled: $48,601,365,000

Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 1941

• Japanese surprise attack on the Hawaian naval base killing 2,403 Americans

• Provocation for attack? -American embargo of "strategic materials"

"A day which will live infamy"

Attacking the soft underbelly

General Eisenhower speaking with paratroopers before Operation Overlord

Operation OverlordJune 6th, 1944/D-Day

Victory in Europe DayMay, 8th 1945

• After the Battle of the Bulge, Nazi resources were limited, forcing them to retreat

• April, 30th Hitler commits suicide

Pacific Theater

• Battle of Midway is turning point as the Japanese lost 4 aircraft carriers and 250 planes

Kamikaze Attack

Island Hopping/Iwo Jima

• 20,700 Japanese troops were entrenched in caves and tunnels

• 6,000 Marines died taking the island so it could be used to fly bombers over Japan

Battle of Iwo Jima

Firebombing Tokyo, March 10, 1945

• Estimated of this one night of bombing killed anywhere from 88,000 to over 100,000 Japanese residents of Tokyo- Also, destroyed 16 square miles

Manhattan ProjectRobert Oppenheimer

Truman's Decision

• Conditional vs. Unconditional Surrender

• Potential invasion of Japan "Battle of Tokyo" estimates as high as 900,000 American losses

• Warned Japan that they faced "utter destruction"

Atomic Bombs Dropped

Aug. 6, 1945 Hiroshima 80,000 instantly

135,000 total

Aug. 9, 1945 Nagasaki40,000 instantly

50,000 total

Japanese unconditionally surrender

Thursday, 4th 8:30-9:05Monday, 8th 3:55-4:45Tuesday, 9th 8:30-9:05

Wednesday, 10th 2:55-3:45Monday, 15th 3:55-4:45Tuesday, 16th 8:30-9:05

Wednesday, 17th 2:55-3:45Thursday, 18th 8:30-9:05Monday, 22nd 3:55-4:45Tuesday, 23rd 8:30-9:05

Wednesday, 24th 2:55-3:45Thursday, 25th 8:30-9:05

Friday, 26th 8:30-9:05Monday, 29th 3:55-9:05Tuesday, 30th 3:55-4:45

War on the Home-Front

0

1000000

2000000

3000000

4000000

1941 1942 1943 1944 1945

Automobile Production, 1941-1945

70,001610139222,862

3,779,628

0

7500

15000

22500

30000

1941 1942 1943 1944 1945

11,184

17,565

29,497

23,884

4,203

Tank Production, 1941-1945

Women in the Workplace

• The image of "Rosie The Riveter" is an iconic symbol of the role women played in winning the war.

• Married women working helped change women's roles forever

Racial Tension Japanese-Americans African-Americans Mexican-Americans

110,000 sent to Internment Camps

Double-V Campaign (Fight racism at home

and abroad)Zoot Suit Riots

Korematsu vs. US Tuskegee Airmen(Segregated units)

Rationing "Victory Suits"

Great Migration Continues