x 018 victorian architecture

8/21/2019 X 018 Victorian Architecture

1/8

Victorian archi

Victorian architecture is archit

"Victorian" refers to the reign

period the styles known as Victtypically termed "Victorian" arc

styles often included interpre

introduction of middle east a

custom of naming architectural

scheme, it follows Georgian ar

Edwardian architecture.

St. Pancras railway station a

the Gothic Revival style of a

combined elements ofGothi

possible by the Industrial Rev

Victorian architecture in th

During the early 19th century

reaction to the symmetry of

By the middle of the 19th ce

incorporate steel as a buildin

Paxton, architect of the Cr

Mentmore Towers, in the sti

new methods of constructio

developed by such architects

tecture

ectural style during the middle and late 19th

of Queen Victoria, 20 June 1837 22 January

rian were used in construction. However, manhitecture did not become popular until later in

tations and eclectic revivals of historic styl

d Asian influences. The name represents th

styles for a reigning monarch. Within this nami

chitecture and later Regency architecture, an

d Midland Hotel in London, opened in 186

rchitecture with Ruskinian influences. The

c architecture and other styles with materi

olution.

e United Kingdom

the romantic medieval Gothic revival style

Palladianism, and such buildings as Fonthill

ntury, as a result of new technology, const

component; one of the greatest exponent

stal Palace. Paxton also continued to bui

ll popular English Renaissance styles. In thi

n were developed, but ironically the arch

as Augustus Pugin, were typically retrospect

1

century. The name

1901, during which

elements of what is Victoria's reign. The

es mixed with the

British and French

ing and classification

was succeeded by

8, is an example of

station eclectically

ls and scale made

as developed as a

Abbey were built.

uction was able to

of this was Joseph

ld such houses as

s era of prosperity

itectural styles, as

ive.


2/8

In Scotland, the architect Al

the use of cast iron an

conventionality with Egypti

structures. Other notable S

Alexander Marshall Macke

architecture of Aberdeen.

Central Hall of the Natural Histo

Jacobethan (183070 th

Renaissance Revival (18

Neo-Grec (184565)

Romanesque Revival

Second Empire (18558

Queen Anne (1870191

Scots Baronial (predomi

British Arts and Crafts

Other styles popularized during

While not uniquely Victorian,

strongly associated with the

erected during that period. Vi

inspired by the famous archit

Gothic Revival Italianate

Neoclassicism

Palace of Westminste

and August Pugin

xander Thomson who practiced in Glasgo

d steel for commercial buildings, blen

an and oriental themes to produce m

ottish architects of this period are Archi

zie whose stylistically varied work can

ry Museum, London. Note the cast-iron arches s

e precursor to the Queen Anne style)

4090)

0; originated in France)

0)

nantly Scotland)

ovement (18801910)

the period

and part of revivals that began before the e

19th century due to the large number of e

ictorian architecture usually has many intric

ect Elliot Rae.

r, Neo-Gothic completed in 1870. Designed

2

was a pioneer of

ding neo-classical

any truly original

bald Simpson and

be seen in the

upporting the roof.

ra, these styles are

xamples that were

ate window frames

y Sir Charles Barry


3/8

3

Royal Albert Hall, London

The "Red Brick" Victoria Building at the University of Liverpool, completed in 1893 in

Gothic Revival style. Designed by Sir Alfred Waterhouse

The Victorian Pavilion at The Oval cricket ground in London

Victorian School of Art and Science at Stroud, Gloucestershire

House on the Hardwick House estate near Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk

Manchester Town Hall


4/8

4

The John Rylands Library in Manchester.

The Aston Webb building at the University of Birmingham, UK

Victoria Law Courts, Birmingham, UK

The Gilbert Scott Building ofUniversity of Glasgow, as viewed from Kelvingrove Park,

Glasgow. An example of the Gothic Revival style

North of Scotland Bank in Aberdeen by Archibald Simpson 1839-42

Balmoral Castle, completely rebuilt for Queen Victoria, an example of the Scots

Baronial style


5/8

Forth Bridge, Firth of

International spread of Vic

During the 18th century, a

British Empire became firmly

at the start of their careers.

Australia, and New Zealan

fashionable when they left E

transport and communicatiopublications such as the m

informed about current fash

the world. Several prominent

including William Butterfield

Architect of Public Works in

North America

The Painted Ladies are an exam

In the United States, 'Victopopular between 1860 and

Empire (185585), Stick-Eastl

Romanesque (18801900), a

Gothic Revival and Italianat

therefore sometimes called

Revival as a distinctive Victori

of geometric, machine-cut

sometimes considered a disti

"gingerbread" may be used t

specific style. The names of a

orth, near Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

torian styles

few English architects emigrated to the c

established during the 19th century many a

Some chose the United States, and other

d. Normally, they applied architectural

ngland. By the latter half of the century, h

s meant that even remote parts of the Emagazine The Builder, which helped coloni

ion. Thus, the influence of English architec

architects produced English-derived design

(St Peter's Cathedral, Adelaide) and Jacob

ew York City).

le of Victorian architecture found in San Francis

rian' architecture generally describes style1900. A list of these styles most commonl

ake (1860ca. 1890), Queen Anne (188019

d Shingle (18801900). As in the United Kin

e continued to be constructed during thi

Victorian. Some historians classify the lat

an style named High Victorian Gothic. Stick-

decorating derived from Stick and Que

nct style. On the other hand, terms such as

o describe certain Victorian buildings, but

rchitectural styles (as well as their adaptatio

5

lonies, but as the

chitects emigrated

s went to Canada,

styles that were

owever, improving

pire had access to al architects keep

ture spread across

around the world,

rey Mould (Chief

co, California

s that were most ly includes Second

10), Richardsonian

gdom, examples of

s period, and are

er years of Gothic

Eastlake, a manner

en Anne, is also

"Painted Ladies" or

o not constitute a

ns) varied between


6/8

6

countries. Many homes combined the elements of several different styles and are not easily

distinguishable as one particular style or another.

In the United States of America, notable cities which developed or were rebuilt largely

during this era include Astoria, Albany, Troy, Boston, the Brooklyn Heights and Victorian

Flatbush sections of New York City, Buffalo, Chicago, Columbus, Detroit, Eureka, Galena,Galveston, Grand Rapids, Baltimore, Jersey City/Hoboken, Cape May, Louisville, Atlanta,

New Orleans, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Richmond, Saint Paul, the Gaslamp Quarter of San

Diego, and St. Louis. San Francisco is well known for its extensive Victorian architecture,

particularly in the Haight-Ashbury, Lower Haight, Alamo Square, Noe Valley, Castro, Nob

Hill, and Pacific Heights neighborhoods.

The extent to which any one is the "largest surviving example" is debated, with numerous

qualifications. The Distillery District in Toronto, Ontario contains the largest and best

preserved collection of Victorian-era industrial architecture in North America.[citation needed]

Cabbagetown is the largest and most continuous Victorian residential area in NorthAmerica.

[citation needed]Other Toronto Victorian neighbourhoods include The Annex, Parkdale,

and Rosedale. In the USA, the South End of Boston is recognized by the National Register of

Historic Places as the oldest and largest Victorian neighborhood in the country.[1][2]

Old

Louisville in Louisville, Kentucky also claims to be the nation's largest Victorian

neighborhood.[3][4]

Richmond, Virginia, VA is home to several large Victorian neighborhoods,

the most prominent being The Fan. The Fan district is best known locally as Richmond's

largest and most 'European' of Richmond's neighborhoods and nationally as the largest

contiguous Victorian neighborhood in the United States.[5]

The Old West End neighborhood

ofToledo, Ohio is recognized as the largest collection of late Victorian and Edwardian homes

in the United States, east of the Mississippi.[6]

Summit Avenue in Saint Paul, Minnesota hasthe longest line of Victorian homes in the country.

The photo album L'Architecture Americaine by Albert Levy published in 1886 is perhaps the

first recognition in Europe of the new forces emerging in American architecture.[7]

Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Philadelphia, by Frank Furness


7/8

7

Allegheny County Courthouse, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, by Henry Hobson

Richardson

The California Southern Railroad's San Diego passenger terminal, built in 1887

Banff Springs Hotel, Banff National Park, Alberta, built in 1888

Brooklyn Bridge, 1883, New York City

The Carson Mansion in Eureka, California, widely considered one of the highest

executions ofAmerican Queen Anne Style, built 1884-86

John Steinbeck's childhood home in Salinas, California

Emlen Physick Estate in Cape May Historic District, New Jersey


8/8

8

The Saitta House, Dyker Heights, Brooklyn, New York built in 1899 is designed in the

Queen Anne Style[8]

This is an 1880s photo of 653 W Wrightwood (now 655 W Wrightwood) in the

Lincoln Park neighborhood ofChicago, Illinois

The Italianate style Farnam Mansion in Oneida, New York. Built circa 1862

James J. Hill House in St. Paul, MN, built in 1891

x 018 victorian architecture

Documents