y9 - the living world

7/21/2019 Y9 - The Living World

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The Living WorldBiology


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Living and Non-living

Biology is the study of living things

Living something that is aliveNon-living something that isnt alive

and never has been alive

Dead something that has once beenliving


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M Movement: All living things move even plants

R Respiration: the release of energy from food so organismscan do things

S Sensitivity: all living things respond to the !orld aroundthem"

C Cellularity: all living things are made of microscopic buildingbloc#s called cells

G Growth: all living things gro! and get bigger

R Reproduction: all organisms need to reproduce to #eep theirspecies going"

E Excretion: All living things ma#e !aste products"

NNutrition: All living things need food" $lants do this through

photosynthesis


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%ellsThe Building Bloc#s of Life


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%ells

%ells are thebuilding bloc#s of

life %ells are very small

and can only be

seen under themicroscope


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&istory of %ells


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%ell 'tructures - (rganelles

Within each cell there are small organellesthese are small structures inside the cell!hich help the cell carry out its important

)obs


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,ierent Types of %ells


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$lants


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$lants


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.lo!ers


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.lo!ers

.lo!ers are sex organs of these plants they contain both the male andfemale se/ organs that ma#e se/ cells

Male reproductive organ 0 'TA12Nmade of a long .3LA12NT !ith anANT&24 at the tip

The ANT&24 produces $(LL2N !hichproduces '$241 %2LL'


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.lo!ers

emale reproductive organ 0%A4$2L and consists of a 'T351A!hich catches pollen"

The 'T351A sits atop a 'T6L2

At the base is the (7A46


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$ollination


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$hotosynthesis


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$hotosynthesis


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$hotosynthesis

3s the process of using light to ma#e food

(ccurs in the leaves of plants

Needs the pigment chlorophyll !hich is contained in theorganelles chloroplasts

%arbon dio/ide 8 !ater ---- 9 5lucose 8 (/ygen

Light


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A close-up on leaves

Leaves have a number of featuresor adaptationsin order to carryout photosynthesis veryeectively


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!ide "lade %aptures a lot of light

#hin lea$ Allo!s light to penetrate

%ein networ&'upports leaf supplies !ater from roots andmoves sugars to rest of plant

Green colour %hlorophyll is present to trap light energy

'ores in lea$(stomata)

Allo! %(;and (;to move in and out of leaf

!axy sur$ace 4educes !ater loss

Strong petiole &olds it up to light


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Epidermal cells $rotect leaf and ma#es !avy surface

'alisade cells &ave lot of chlorophyll for trapping light

%ascular tissueTubes bring !ater from roots other tubes carry

sugars to all parts of plant

Spongy Mesophyllcells

Less chlorophyll as light !ea#er !ell spacedcells let gases circulate

Guard cells%ontrol opening of stoma to let gases in andout


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y9 - the living world

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