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NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON

TRENDS AND ADVANCES IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

TAME 2012

October 19-20, 2012

Chief PatronH.E. Sh. Jagannath Pahadia Ji

Governor of Haryana

PatronLt. Gen. (Retd.) K. S. Yadava

PVSM, AVSM,SM,VSMVice Chancellor, YMCA UST

Co-PatronMrs Shimla

Registrar, YMCA UST

Conference ChairDr. Sandeep Grover

Chairman & ProfessorMech. Engg.

ConvenerDr. Raj Kumar

ProfessorMech. Engg

Co-ConvenerDr. Navdeep Malhotra

ProfessorMech. Engg

Organizing SecretaryDr. Vikram Singh

Associate ProfessorMech. Engg

EditorsProf. Navdeep Malhotra

Dr. Rajeev Saha

Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology,

Faridabad, Haryana. 121006www.ymcaust.ac.in

PREFACE

New developments bring change that usher the mankind to a better future. Technological innovations

have reached a stage that incorporates the integration of different fields for the holistic developments.

With innumerable specializations in the field of mechanical engineering, it becomes obligatory for

professionals and researchers to confer and transform their thoughts into more meaningful

developments.

To comply with such dynamic requirements, national conference on Trends and Advances in

Mechanical Engineering (TAME 2012) is being organised on October 19-20, 2012. The conference is

aimed at providing a common platform to researchers, industry personnel, academicians, students and

participating professionals to interact and discuss about the trends and advances made in the various

areas of Mechanical Engineering.

Conference Themes: Suggested themes include, but are not restricted to:

Theme I: Thermal Engineering

Heat Transfer, Fluid Dynamics, Alternative Refrigerants, Thermal Systems, Turbo Machinery,

Renewable Energy, Energy conservation, Refrigeration & A/C

Theme II: Design and Analysis

CAD/CAE, Robotics, Mechatronics, Vibration Analysis, Condition Monitoring, Machine Design and

Dynamics, Mechanisms, Tribology, Fracture Mechanics.

Theme III: Production and Advanced Manufacturing Engineering

CIM, E- Manufacturing, Group Technology, Rapid Prototyping and Reverse Engineering, Mechanical

Metallurgy, Welding, Non Conventional Machining, Material testing, Smart Materials, Nano

Materials, Composite Materials, Plastics, Fibre Reinforced Plastics, Flexible Manufacturing Systems.

Theme IV: Industrial Engineering

TQM, JIT, Reliability, Waste Management, Engineering, Concurrent Engineering, Operation

Research, Ergonomics, SCM, ERP, Factories of Future, Production, Role of Computers in Mechanical

Engineering, Planning and Control.

TAME 2012 is being organized by Department of Mechanical Engineering with ever encouraging

response from the management and whole hearted support from different quarters in the University and

outside. The teamwork of students and faculty equally would lead to the success of conference.

National Conference on Trends and Advances in Mechanical Engineering TAME-2012OCT 19-20, 2012

iDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad

NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE

Prof. B. John. Davies, Editor in chief, IJAMT, Springer

Prof. Pradeep Kumar, IIT, Roorkee

Prof. S. C Kaushik, IIT, Delhi

Prof. O P Gandhi, IIT, Delhi

Prof. Narendra K. Sharma, IIT Kanpur

Prof. Sunil Pandey, Director, SLIET, Longowal

Prof. S.K Sharma, NIT, Kurkshetra

Prof. H.K Rawal, NIT, Surat

Prof. M D Singh, MNIT, Allahabad

Prof. S. K. Mohapatra, TU, Patiala

Prof. I A Khan, JMI, New Delhi

Prof. Hari Singh, NIT, Kurukshetra

Prof. Keyur Desai, NIT, Surat

Prof. V.P Aggarwal, TU, Patiala

Mr. Raj Bhatia, MD Bony polymers, FBD, President Alumni Association YMCA (MOB)

Er. Ravikiran N K, Scientist, ISRO, Bangalore

Dr. B R Ananda Murthy, ISRO, Bangalore

Prof. Dharmender Kumar, GJU, Hissar

Dr. Sona Rani, UIET, K.U., Kurukshetra

Mr. R. M. Mishra, CIPET, Lucknow

Mr. Naveen Sood, MD, VEEGEE Industries, Faridabad

Mr. Sukhdev Singh, Hind Hydraulics, Faridabad

Mr. M.R. Salan, CIHT, Jalandhar

Dr. U. Chandersekhar, Executive Convener RPSI, Bangalore

Dr. A. Selvam, Executive Secretary, FRP Institute, Chennai

Er. Manvinder Singh, MD, Bhiwadi Cylinders

Mr. Praveen Khanna – Promoter of Suvidha EngineersMr. Ramneek Bawa – Director & CEO of DS Construction Ltd.Mr Ashok Madan – GM (Projects) at HCL Technologies

INTERNAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE

Dr. A. K. Sharma, Prof. and Dean, Engg & Tech.

Dr. Sandeep Grover, Prof. and Chairman, Mech Engg.

Dr. Tilak Raj, Professor (Mech. Engg.)

Dr. M. L. Aggarwal, Professor (Mech. Engg.)

Dr. Raj Kumar, Professor (Mech. Engg.)

Dr. Navdeep Malhotra, Professor (Mech. Engg.)


iiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad

ABOUT THE UNIVERSITY

The YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, erstwhile, 'YMCA Institute of Engineering, the Institute has been granted University status since 1st December, 2009 (Established by Haryana State Legislative Act No. 21 of 2009 and recognized by UGC Act 1956 u/s 22 to Confer Degrees). The University has recently been accorded 12B status by University Grant Commission (UGC).

The University is situated right on the National Highway No.2 (Mathura Road) 32 Kms. from the National Capital New Delhi on way to the Taj Mahal, Agra. The University has its own Campus on a plot area of 20 acres. It is located in the growing and sprawling Faridabad Ballabgarh Industrial Complex of Haryana. The University is well connected with rail transport from New Delhi.

YMCA University of Science & Technology is a pioneer Institution that has been providing qualified, trained manpower to the industry since its inception. It has produced large number of entrepreneurs who are actively contributing to the socio – economical development of the country in general and the state of Haryana in particular. The University has contributed immensely in the field of technical education and plays an important role in creating highly skilled technical manpower which is employable in an equally competitive market.

The University offers 4-year B.Tech. degree course in six disciplines i.e. Mechanical, Information Technology, Computers, Electronics - Communication, Electrical and Electronics-Instrumentation & Control.

The University also offers Post Graduate courses viz. M.Tech. in Mechanical Engg / Electrical Engg / Electronics Engg / Computers/ Networking / Information Technology, MBA, MCA, MSc, and Ph.D. in all streams.


iiiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad

ABOUT THE DEPARTMENT

The Department of Mechanical Engineering offers courses at UG and PG level. At UG

level, B.Tech. course in Mech. Engg., started in 1997 has an intake of 120 students.

M.Tech. programme in Mech. Engg. with specialization in Manufacturing Technology

and Automation was started from the academic year 2003-04 and has an intake of 18

students. The University has started PhD Course since 2010 and 53 students have

registered themselves for the PhD programme in the department.

The Department of Mechanical Engineering has a distinguished record in both

teaching and research.

with modern facilities and a dedicated technical and office staff to support the academic

programs and research.

The department is actively engaged in research work in the broad area of Design

of Mechanical Equipment, Design & Manufacturing, Thermal, Energy conservation,

TQM, Product and Service Quality, Computer Integrated Manufacturing, E-

Manufacturing, Computer Aided Engineering, Just in Time, etc.

The departmental facilities include 16 labs, 3 workshops (Machine Tools,

Refrigeration & Air conditioning, Fabrication & Sheet Metal Technology), 8 lecture

halls, 1 conference room and 1 seminar hall with internet connectivity of 1Mbps.

The department has highly qualified and experienced faculty including 5

professors, 9 Associate professors and 16 Assistant Professors. 15 of the faculty

members are PhD holders with average experience of faculty members being

approximately 13years.

The department also sponsors its faculty for short term courses and conferences on

regular basis. During last 3 years, faculty members have published approximately 200

papers in various national and international journals and conferences of repute.

The department is also highly active in co-curricular and technical activities. Two

of its club namely MechNext Club and SAE India YMCA Collegiate Club are actively

engaged in practising latest developments in concerned engineering field.

Dr. Sandeep GroverProfessor & ChairmanDepartment of Mechanical Engg.

The department was shifted to the new building in January 2009


ivDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

S. No. Name Designation Qualification

1 Dr. Sandeep Grover Professor & Chairman PhD

2 Dr. M.L. Aggarwal Professor PhD

3 Dr. Tilak Raj Professor PhD

4 Dr. Raj Kumar Professor PhD

5 Dr. Navdeep Malhotra Professor PhD

6 Mr. Naresh Yadav Workshop Supdt. M.E.

7 Dr. Vikram Singh Associate Prof. PhD

8 Dr. Arvind Gupta Associate Prof. PhD

9 Mr. Hari Om Associate Prof. M.E.

10 Dr. Vikas Turk Associate Prof. PhD

11 Mr. Lakhwinder Singh Associate Prof. M.E.

12 Dr. Niranjan Mangla Associate Prof. PhD

13 Dr. Sanjeev Kumar Associate Prof. PhD

14 Mr. Surinder Raina Associate Prof. M.Tech.

15 Mr. Mukesh Gupta Asst. Prof. M.Tech.

16 Dr. Vasdev Malhotra Asst. Prof. PhD

17 Ms. Sandhya Dixit Asst. Prof. M.Tech.

18 Dr. Sanjeev Goyal Asst. Prof. PhD

19 Dr. Rajeev Saha Asst. Prof. PhD

20 Dr. Kamal Jangra Asst. Prof. PhD

21 Mr. Bhaskar Nagar Asst. Prof. M.E.

22 Mr. Nikhil Dev Asst. Prof. M.E.

23 Mr. Rajesh Kumar Attri Asst. Prof. M.Tech.

24 Mr. Krishan Verma Asst. Prof. M.Tech.

25 Mr. Mahesh Chand Asst. Prof. M.E.

26 Mr. Om Prakash Mishra Asst. Prof. M.Tech.

27 Mr. Surender Singh Asst. Prof M.Tech.

28 Mr. Bhupender Singh Asst. Prof. M.Tech.

29 Ms. Shefali Trivedi Asst. Prof. M.Tech.

30 Mr. Sanjay Kumar Asst. Prof M.E.

31 Mr. Manmohan Kakkar Technical Support Staff M.Tech.

32 Mr. Dinesh Arora Support Staff


vDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad

MESSAGE

It gives me immense pleasure to note that YMCA University of Science & Technology,

Faridabad is organizing a National Conference on "Trends and advances in

Mechanical Engineering (Tame 2006)" during October 19th - 20th 2012.

The Conference aims at providing a common platform to researchers, industry

personnel, academicians, professionals and other participants to interact and discuss

the latest trends and advances in different fields in Mechanical Engineering, I am sure

that the Conference will enthuse and inspire students and members of teaching faculty

to actively participate and gain new insight in this field. I hope the outcomes and

recommendations of this Conference will be utilized for promotion of research and

development in the relevant field in market and industry and also by the academicians.

I wish the organizers all success for the Conference.

Sh. Dhanpat Singh, IAS,Principal Secretary to Govt. of Haryana,Technical Education Department,Room No. 606, 6th Floor,New Haryana Civil Secretariat Building,Sector- 17, Chandigarh.

MESSAGE

I am pleased to learn that the Department of Mechanical Engineering of our University

is organizing a National Conference on "Trends and Advances in Mechanical

Engineering (TAME 2012)" during October 19th - 20th, 2012.

In recent years the advancement in Information Technology and computer sciences

has brought a sea change in Mechanical Engineering. The integration of different

engineering branches has resulted in tremendous technological advances in

Mechanical Engineering. This is a proper time for Indian researchers to meet their

counterparts and discuss various aspects of resources and utilization for increased

productivity.

I trust that this conference would also inspire the participants to develop and introduce

new research activities for the future corporate world. These researches will also be of

great and incredible value to the humankind.

My warm felicitations to the organizers, to all the participating delegates and best

wishes for success of the National Conference, TAME 2012.

Lt. Gen.(Retd.) K.S. YadavaPVSM, AVSM, SM, VSMVice-ChancellorYMCAUST, Faridabad

MESSAGE

It is a matter of great and elated feeling that a National Conference on "Trends &

Advances in Mechanical Engineering" is being organized by the Department of

Mechanical Engineering of YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad from

19th & 20th October, 2012. It is a great stride for the department in the direction of

achieving excellence in the field of mechanical engineering and indeed a proud

moment for all of us in the University.

Such Conferences provide an opportunity to the scholars and professionals who have

propensity towards research, to explore and share the research findings with the

academic fraternity. The organizers have put their best efforts in going in a very

systematic way and out reaching to the researchers countrywide. The result has been

excellent.

More than 150 research papers have been received from far and wide, exhibiting keen

interest in sharing the new trends and advances in the area of mechanical

engineering.

The endeavour to bring out the selected papers in the form of a souvenir is really

commendable.

I, on behalf of the University administration and on my own behalf extend a very warm

welcome to all the participants as our esteemed guests to the University Campus.

I extend my whole hearted support and best wishes to the organizing Department, co-

ordinators and participants in their efforts.

I trust that the Conference is going to be a resounding success and provide a vibrant

platform for learning and sharing of latest trends in this important area as well as

strengthen the linkage between the academia and industry.

My best wishes

Mrs. ShimlaRegistrarYMCAUST, Faridabad

Sr. Paper Title Authors Page

THEME I – THERMAL ENGINEERING

01 Study of Solar Water Heaters Based on Exergy Analysis Dilip Johari 1Ashok YadavRavi Verma

02 Green Vehicle: Pollution Control Through Catalytic Converter Pankaj Agarwal 1and Performance Analysis of the SAME Manish Jain

03 Performance Investigation of a Compact Tri-Generation System Dr. Raj Kumar 2Based on Renewable Energy Power Plant Exhaust Gas Waste Heat Anil KumarUtilization

04 Decomposition of Energy Consumption In India: A Discussion in Ponnala Vimal Mosahari 2Context to Index Decomposition Analysis (IDA) D. Ganeshwar Rao

Rajeev Satsangi

05 Thermo-Economic Optimization of Work Consuming Devices Rajesh Arora 2

06 Clean Coal Technologies for Power Generation in India A near Siddhartha 3Zero emission plant approach Dr. Navdeep Malhotra

07 Limitations of Energy Utilization of Solid Waste due to it's Poor Desh Deepak Johri 3Quality Manish Gaur

Sachin Rathod

08 A Feasibility Study on Waste Heat Recovery in An IC Engine S.N.Srinivasa Dhaya Prasad 4 Using Electro Turbo Generation N.Parameshwari

09 Reducing Battery Discharging Rate Using Photo-Electric Effect Jeet Kumar Gaur 4Abhinav MittalBikash Chandra Maurya

10 Thermodynamic Modelling of Ground Source Heat Pump for Rajeev Satsangi 4Space Heating Ashok Yadav

Ponnala Vimal Mosahari

11 Alternatives to R134 A (CF CH F) Refrigerant- A Review Gaurav 53 2

Dr. Raj Kumar

12 A Review of Combined Cycle Power Plant Thermodynamic Cycles Nikhil Dev 5SamsherS. S. KachhwahaRajesh Attri

13 A Review on Parabolic Trough Type Solar Collectors: Innovation, Devander Kumar Lamba 5Applications and Thermal Energy Storage

14 Study of Flow and Heat Transfer in Plate Fin Heat Exchanger at Pardeep Yadav 6Varying Reynold's Number Pawan Kumar

15 Performance Improvement of a Control Valve Using Computational K Thanigavelmurugan 6Fluid Dynamics N.V. Mahalakshmi

S. Mohan DasD. Venkates

16 CFD Application in Passive Building Designs Ali A. F. Al-Hamadani 7S. K. ShuklaAlok K.Dwivedi

17 Energy Audit of 250 MW Thermal Power Stations, PTPS, Panipat Vikrant Bhardwaj 7Rohit GargMandeep ChahalBaljeet Singh

No No

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad


18 Thermodynamic Analysis of Ground Source Heat Pump for Space Surender Nain 7 Heating Using R-22 Sanjeev Kumar

Vikrant BhardwajNarender Mann

Parveen Kumar

19 Effect of Roughness on Secondary Flow in a Rectilinear Turbine Vinod Kumar Singoria 8Cascade Deepika Sharma

Dr. Samsher

20 An Overall Evaluation of Flow Characteristics and Performance Netrapal Singh 8Parameters of Y-Shaped Diffusing Duct with Same Angle of Turn Abdur Rahimand Different Centerline Length and Radius of Curvature Md. Islam

21 Review of Different Technologies in the Solar Absorption Vinod Sehrawat 8Air-Conditioning Systems Tarun Gupta

Dr. Raj Kumar

22 Energy Method for Performance Evaluation of a Boiler in a Coal Mukesh Gupta 9Fired Thermal Power Plant: A Review Raj Kumar

23 Shell Side CFD Analysis of a Small Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Abdur Rahim 9Considering the Effects of Baffle Inclination on Fluid Flow S.M.Saad Jameel

24 Performance Based Comparative Analysis of Thermal Power Manmohan Kakkar 10Plant: A Review Raj Kumar

25 Exergetic Analysis of Combustion Chamber of a Combined Nikhil Dev 10Heat and Power System Rajesh Attri

26 Applications of Artificial Neural Network in Solar Thermal Naveen Sharma 10Systems: A Review Manish Kumar Chauhan

Rajesh Kumar

27 Thermodynamic Analysis for Improvement in Thermal Performance Shyam Agarwal 11of A Simple Gas Turbine Cycle Through Retrofitting Techniques R.S. Mishra(Inlet Air Evaporative Cooling, Steam Injection and Combined IAC and STIG)

28 Time Dependent Analysis of Cooling Load Using FDM Approach Sachin Gupta 11Arvind Gupta

29 Use of Biogas for Cooking Purpose in a Technical Institute: A View Point Indraj Singh 12

30 CFD Modeling for Pneumatic Conveying Arvind Kumar 12D.R. KaushalNavneet Kumar

31 Electronic Waste Management in India Abhinav Kumar Shrivastava 12Sorabh

32 Alternatives of Freons Praveen 13

33 Waste to Energy: Using MSW of Katra Town for Electricity Sona Rani 13Generation Prabhat Shankar

Navdeep MalhotraMunish Kohli

THEME II – DESIGN & ANALYSIS

34 Path Synthesis of 4-Bar Linkages with Joint Clearances Using De Ruby Mishra 14Algorithm T.K.Naskar

Sanjib Acharya

35 Stochastic Thermal Buckling Response of Laminated Composite Rajiv Kumar 14Plate Resting on Elastic Foundation Based on Micromechanical Amit SharmaModel Rajesh Kumar

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad


36 An Introduction to Structural Health Monitoring: A Smart Solution Vikash Kumar 14Dr. Sanjeev KumarDr. Vikram Singh

37 Predicting Wind Turbine Design Parameter Using Actuator Hari Pal Dhariwal 15Disk Theory as a Rotational Basis Barun Kumar Roy

Bhupender Yadav

38 Shape Optimization to Utilize Pressure Difference at Front and Rear Amit Chauhan 15of the Body Nadish Saini

ShivamUdit DurejaNarender Panwar

39 Investigations of the Variation of Bush Temperature of an Offset-Halves Ami Chauhan 15Journal Bearing Profile

40 Navigation Control and Localization of Mobile Robot Meghana S 16Dr. D.N Drakshayani

41 Fuzzy Control of Semi-Active Quarter Car Suspension System Devdutt 16with MR Damper Dr. M.L. Aggarwal

42 Stress Distribution Analysis of A Rotating Hyperelastic Vane with Pratik D Upadhyay 16the Finite Element Method Akshay J Patel

43 Study of Uncoiling in Suspension Springs and its Effects Kushal A Jolapara 17Adhip PuttarajAbhishek Chatterjee

44 Factors Affecting the Automatic Rain Sensing Wiper System Rahul Sindhwani 17Vasdev Malhotra

45 Failure Analysis and Counter Measure of Capacitor Leads Used Santoshkumar Joshi 18in Automotive PCBs Dr. D. N. Shivappa

Venkatesh Madhyastha

46 Analysis of Brake Spongy Defect in Passenger Vehicle and M. Chethan 18Developing the Counter Measures – QI Case Study Dr D N Shivappa

Santosh S Navada

47 Virtual Reality in Design: User Training and Evaluation: Harish Pungotra 19

48 Slab Width Measurement Technique Using Manipulator in Anand S. Srivastava 19Plate Rolling Mill of Bhilai Steel Plant (Sail) Krishna K. Saxena

49 FEM Analysis of Copper Using Equal Channel Angular Pressing Neeraj Saraswat 19Rahul JainRajnish Saxena

50 Solar Electric Vehicle: A Sustainable Mode of Transport Dr Samsher Gautam 20Team Solaris

51 Deflection and Stress Analysis of Brake Disc Using Finite Atul Sharma 20Element Method M.L. Aggarwal

52 To Eliminate Big End Over Size Rejection by Sizing Plug Gauge Aditya Singh 21on Connecting Rod Honing Machine: A Case Study Rajeev Saha

53 Design of IIR Band Pass Filter Using Time Domain Approach Ruchika Singh 21Munish Vashisht

54 Finite Element Analysis of Beam Hasan Zakir Jafri 21Prof. I.A. KhanS.M. Muzakkir

55 Design and Optimisation of Robotic Gripper : A Review Vaibhav Raghav 22Jitender KumarShailesh S.Senger

cDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad


THEME III – PRODUCTION ENGINEERING

56 Electrical Discharge Machining of Aluminium Metal Matrix Bhaskar Chandra Kandpal 23Composites- A Review Jatinder Kumar

Hari Singh

57 Modelling of Surface Roughness in WEDM for HSLA Using Neeraj Sharma 23Response Surface Methodology Kamal Jangra

58 E-Manufacturing Concept : A Review Naveen Virmani 24Dr. Rajeev Saha

59 Investigation of the Effect of Process Parameters on Surface Dharmender 24Roughness in Wire Electric Discharge Machining of En31 Tool Steel Rajeev Kumar

Anmol Bhatia

60 Flexible Manufacturing Systems: Recent Development and Trends Neeraj Lamba 24

61 Computer Integrated Manufacturing: A Powerful Technique for Neeraj Lamba 25Improving Productivity

62 Influence of Drilling Parameters on Thrust Force in Drilling of A. Muniaraj 25SiC and Graphite Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composites by Sushil Lal DasStep Drill K. Palanikumar

63 Modelling for Machining Speed in WEDM of Wc-5.3%Co Composite Kamal Jangra 26Using Response Surface Methodology Sandeep Grover

64 Effect of Tool Shape on Tensile Strength in Single and Sequential Vinod Kumar 26Double Sided Friction Stir Weld on AA1100 Aluminum Alloy Kamal Jangra

Vikas Kumar

65 Study of Various Mechanical Properties of Fiber Reinforced Cast Iron Sanjay Kumar 27Vasdev Malhotra

Vikas Kumar

66 Application of Fiber Reinforced Plastics or Polymers in Civil Meeta Verma 27Engineering Structures

67 Analysis of the Depth of Penetration Using Automatic Robotic Anees Ahmed 27Arc Welding System Dr. Sanjeev Kumar

Ruchika Singh

68 Application of Taguchi Method and Grey Relational Analysis in Optimization of Machining Processes: A Review

69 To Study the Effect of Polarity and Current During Electric Discharge Naveen Beri 28Machining of Inconel 718 with CuW Powder Metallurgy Electrode Harish Pungotra

Anil Kumar

70 Experimental Evaluations on Surface Quality Improvement in Anil Kumar 29Aluminium Powder Mixed AEDM of Nickel Based Super Alloy 718 Naveen Beri with Cryogenically Treated Copper Electrode Harish Pungotra

71 Design and Development of Cellular Layout for Machining Bommireddy G.K 29Axle Housing and Carrier Component Dr D N Shivappa

Chethan C N

72 Effect of Inclusion on Fracture Behavior of Viscoelastic Materials Dharya Partap singh 29Varun ChhabraMahesh Chand

73 Compound Casting - A Literature Review Rajender Kumar Tayal 30Vikram SinghSudhir KumarRohit Garg

Parveen Kamboj 28Sunil KumarKamal Jangra

dDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad


74 Effect of WEDM Parameters on Machinability of Nimonic-90 Vinod Kumar 30Kamal JangraVikas Kumar

75 Evaluation of Electro Discharge Sawing, A Modified Electro Discharge Kalley Harinarayana 31Machining Process T.Raghavender Reddy

Dr.N.Nagabhushana RameshDr.B.Balu Naik

76 Analysis on the Study of Changes In Mechanical Properties of Mandeep singh 31Al6063-SiC Jaspreet Singh

Dipak Narang

77 Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloy and its Tensile Properties Sandhya Dixit 31M.L.Aggarwal

78 Investigation and Analysis for The Wrinkling Behaviour of Deep Surya Prakash 32Drawn Die Sheet Metal Component by Using Fast Form Dinesh Kumar

79 Modeling of Al-20wt.% SiCp Metal Matrix Composite Using Shyam Sunder 32Surface-Electrical Discharge Diamond Grinding Process Vinod Yadava

80 81 Optimizing Surface Roughness of High Die Steel H13 in CNC Milling Mandeep Chahal 33

Using Taguchi Technique Vikram SinghRohit GargSudhir Kumar

82 A review on Process Parameter Optimization techniques for Advanced S. Kumar 33Machining Processes

83 An Analysis of Surface Roughness and Machinability of Al-Fe-Si Kanwar Pal Sombir Sharma 34Alloys B. N. Pathak

Arvind Kumar

84 Machining Characteristics of Borosilicate Glass Using Traveling Basanta Kumar Bhuyan 34Wire Electro-Chemical Spark Machining (TW-ECSM) Process Vinod Yadava

85 Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Metals Ratnesh Kumar Raj Singh 35Rajesh PrasadSunil Pandey

86 Microstructure and Weldability Evaluation of Dissimilar Metal Joint Dinesh Rathod 35Using Paste Technique for Buttering Layers Hariom Choudhary

Sunil Pandey

87 Electrical Discharge Grinding (EDG): A Review Ravindra Nath Yadav 35Vinod Yadava

88 Effect of Ni-20mg Treatment of Al-2Fe-1V-1Si Alloy on its B. N. Pathak 36Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Dr. K. L. Sahoo

Dr. M. N. Mishra

89 Impact of Shot Peening and Heat Treatment Process on Surface Lakhwinder Singh 36Hardening of Welded 304l Austenitic Stainless Steel R.A. Khan

M.L. Aggarwal

90 Sensitive Analysis of EDM Process Using Digraph Method Madan Gopal 37Naresh Yadav Bhupender Singh

91 Mathematical Modeling of HAZ in Submerged Arc Welding Process Hari Om 37Using Factorial Design Technique Sunil Pandey

Dinesh Rathod

92 Consumption and Manufacturing for the Future Challenges – Subrata Kumar Patra 37The Sustainable Way Tilak Raj

93 Finite Element Modelling of Tube Hydroforming Process Using Pure Dhairya Pratap Singh 38Aluminium (Al 99) Jitendra Kumar Verma

Dilip Johari

Role of IT in Manufacturing Sector Amandeep Singh Wadhwa 33

eDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad


94 Nano-materials, Synthesis, Characterization and Photoluminescent Avni Khatkar 38Properties of Ca V O : Eu Nanomaterials S.P. Khatkar2 2 7

95 A Study of Recent Trends in Friction Stir Welding Rajan 39Shailesh S. SengarJitender Kumar

96 Thermal Modeling and Finite Element Analysis of Electro- Gaurav Kumar Sharma 39Chemical Spark Machining (ECSM) Audhesh Narayan

97 A Detailed Review of the Current Research Trends in Electrical Sumit Ganguly 39Discharge Machining (EDM)

98 Hardness Improvement of Dissimilar metal Stainless Steel (A304) Rakesh Kumar 40and Mild Steel by TIG Welding Manmeet Shergill

THEME IV – INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

99 Concurrent Engineering Dr. S.P.Tayal 41

100 Implementation of NSGA-II to Reduce the Occupational Health Ruchi Chaudhary 41Hazards of Workers in Glass Making Industry Ajit

Manisha VermaDr. Rk Srivastava

101 Study of Manual Material Handling Tasks Using Taguchi Technique Jaswinder Singh 42P Kalra R S Walia

102 Manual Material Handling Tasks Process Optimization Using Jaswinder Singh 42Physiological Technique P Kalra

R S Walia

103 Office Efficiency Enhancement Through TPM : An Empirical Study Rajender Kumar 42Dr. Vikas KumarDr. Sultan SinghS. K.Gupta

104 Enhancing Productivity by Strategic Improvement in Throughput- S.K. Gupta 43Time on Assembly Line: A Case Study Dr. V.K. Mahna

Dr. R.V. SinghRajender Kumar

105 Application of Taguchi Method in Process Optimization Shyam Kumar Karna 43Dr. Ran Vijay SinghDr. Rajeshwar Sahai

106 A Review of Literature on Worker Allocation Problem in FMS Lalit Kumar 44Mohit BansalSanjeev Goyal

107 To Study the Implementation of Pareto Analysis in SME Indian Kailash Attri 44Industries By Using Cause and Effect Diagram: A Case Study Dr. Rajeev Saha

108 Lean Manufacturing System: An Overview Rakesh Kumar 44Vikas Kumar

109 Lean Manufacturing: Elements and its Benefits for Manufacturing Rakesh Kumar 45Industry Vikas Kumar

110 Criticality of Supply Chain in Indian Auto Industry Dharamvir Mangal 45Tarun Gupta

111 Intensity of Critical Factors Effecting Technical Institution Victor Gambhir 46Evaluation-An ANP Approach Dr N.C. Wadhwa

Dr. Sandeep Grover

fDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad


112 Effects of Road Traffic Noise on Traffic Constable in Ghaziabad Region Rakesh Mishra 46,Sachin Rathore

Nitin SharmaD.D.JohriZ Mallick

113 Optimization of Inventory Model for Decaying Item with Variable Ankit Prakash Tyagi 47Holding Cost and Power Demand Rama Kant Pandey

Shivraj Singh

114

115 Evaluation of Ideas for Panel Body Assembly by Decision Matrix Narender Kumar 47Vineet Jain

116 Lean Manufacturing Strategy –A Remedy for Tough Times Naveen Kumar 48Dr S.K Sharma

117 Sarvesh Kumar 48Javed KhanAbid Haleem

118 Establishing Time Standards for Fixing Body Size Panel to the Chassi Vikram K V 49in Assembly Line Using MOST Dr. D. N. Shivappa

Jaganur Sangamesh

119 Establishing Time Standards for Assembly Activity in Chassis Harish. H 49Preparation Area Using MOST Dr. D. N. Shivappa

Jaganur Sangamesh

120 Metaheuristic Design for Calculating Makespan of Comprehensive Sunil Kumar 49Scheduling Problems Rajender Kumar Tayal

121 An Efficient Approach of Good Manufacturing Flexibility by FMS Virender Chahal 50and RMS With Minimizing the Overall Wastage by JIT

122 Modern Trends, Problems, Solutions and Ethics in Mechanical Engineering Dr. Niranjan Lal Mangla 50

123 Stratagem Progress of Lean Manufacturing Implementation in Shop Floor Dharmender Kumar 51Dr. Navdeep Malhotra

124 Tools and Techniques for Quality Management in Manufacturing Mohit Singh 51Industries Dr. I.A. Khan

Dr. Sandeep Grover

125 Simulation Based Analysis of the Bullwhip Effect Under Different B.A. Mir 51Information Sharing Strategies A. Jayant

A. Singh

126 Supplier Manufacturer Relationship in Supply Chain Management: Vikramjeet Singh 52A Review Arvind Jayant

127 A Generic Model of Multi-Echelon Reverse Logistics Network for S. Bansal 52Product Returns A.Jayant

P. Gupta S. K. Garg

128 Supplier Quality Assurance in Supply Chain Management (SCM) P.P. Shah 53Through Quality Tools and Techniques Dr. R.L. Shrivastava

129 Critical Issues for Indian Small and Medium Enterprises for A. Anand 53Adopting Knowledge Management M. D. Singh

R. Kant

130 JIT Supply Chain Management: An Introduction O P Mishra 53Vikas Kumar Dixit Garg

Application of Graph Theory: A Review Ravi Kalra 47Sunil KumarKamal Jangra

Enablers of Technology Management: An ISM Approach

gDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad


131 Intensity of Critical Factors for Implementing AMT– An ANP Approach Sanjeev Goyal 54Sandeep Grover

132 A View of Queue Analysis with Customer Behaviour, Balking Neetu Gupta 54and Reneging Reena Garg

133 Improving the Organisation Through 5S Methodology Ravinder Kumar Panchal 54

134 Applying Six Sigma Methodology in a Brick Kiln Industry Thereby Akhil Khajuria 55Reducing Defect Level Kapil Singh

Khalid Sheikh Dr. Navdeep Malhotra

135 Role of Operation Research Applications in Financial Markets- Ashok Kumar 55A Literature Review Jyotsana chawla

Neha Goyal

136 Quest for Environmental Protection by Integrated Green Sandeep Handa 56Manufacturing System Dr. Tilak Raj

Dr. Sandeep Grover

137 A Review on JIT Implementation Aspects in Service Sector Sandeep Phogat 56Dr. A. K. Gupta

138 Genetic Algorithms: A Problem Solving Approach Jyoti 56Dr. Neetu Gupta

139 A Systematic Review of Literature on Benchmarking Bhupender Singh 57Dr. Sandeep Grover Dr. Vikram Singh

140 Systematic Model Development to Analyze Service Quality in Supply Tarun Kumar Gupta 57Chain for a Manufacturing Organization Vikram Singh

Full text of the papers is published in the e-proceeding of the conference (ISBN 978-93-5087-574-2)

hDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad


THEME-I THERMAL ENGINEERING

STUDY OF SOLAR WATER HEATERS BASED ON EXERGY ANALYSIS

1 2 3Dilip Johari , Ashok Yadav , Ravi Verma1 2 3M.Tech Student, Asst. Prof., Asst. Prof.

1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational University, Agra, U.P.,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttrakhand 1 2 3 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Energy application from the sun to heat water is well known. Solar water heater is a device which is used for heating the water for domestic and industrial purposes by utilizing the solar energy. Solar energy is the energy which is coming from sun in the form of solar radiations in infinite amount, when these solar radiations fall on absorbing surface, then they gets converted into heat. This heat is used for heating the water.

This paper presents the study based on three procedure theory. Exergy analysis is conducted with the aim of providing some methods to save cost and keep the efficiency of solar water heater to desired extent and at the same time figuring out related exergy losses. In the Exergy analysis of solar water heater systems, the conversion of solar radiation is typically included within the analysis. Exergy analysis has been widely used for the optimisation and allocation of losses in energy systems. Exergy is the expression for loss of available energy due to the creation of entropy in irreversible systems or processes. The exergy loss in a system or component is determined by multiplying the absolute temperature of the surroundings by the entropy increase. Exergy is also a measure of the maximum useful work that can be done by a system interacting with an environment. It has been widely used in the design, simulation and performance evaluation of energy systems.

Keywords: Solar water heater, Laws of Thermodynamics, Exergy Analysis, Three procedure theory.

***

GREEN VEHICLE: POLLUTION CONTROL THROUGH CATALYTIC CONVERTER AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF THE SAME

1 2Pankaj Agarwal , Manish Jain1M.Tech (Pur.), Jagannath University, Jaipur, Email:[email protected]

2PhD Scholar, JECRC University, Jaipur, Email:

Regardless of how perfect engine is operating, there will always be some harmful byproducts of combustion. When the combustion of fuel takes place in an engine of an automobile in the presence of air, following reaction takes place:

Hydrocarbons xCO +yH O+Heat2 2

Fumes of un-burnt hydrocarbons produce a number of petrochemical oxidants & photochemical smog with O & N 2 2

which causes adverse effects on physiological activities of living beings. Emissions from gasoline powered vehicles are generally the hydrocarbons like CO, NOx, SO , etc. 2

Catalytic converter is a device which treats the exhaust emission and converts them into the less harmful substances. This device is located in-line with the exhaust system and is used to cause a desirable chemical reaction to take place in the exhaust flow. In this paper the various aspects of design, construction, working and performance analysis of a catalytic converter are discussed. The converter performance is simulated by considering chemical reactions and heat transfer phenomena as the exhaust gases flow through the catalyst.

Keywords: Green Vehicle, Pollution control

***

1Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad


PERFORMANCE INVESTIGATION OF A COMPACT TRI-GENERATION SYSTEM BASED ON RENEWABLE ENERGY POWER PLANT EXHAUST GAS WASTE HEAT

UTILIZATION

1 2Dr. Raj Kumar , Anil Kumar1Professor (Mechanical Engineering Department)

2Ph.D.scholar, [email protected] University of Science & Technology, Faridabad,

This paper presents a compact tri-generation system in order to cover the electric and thermal power demand of small rural areas using the renewable energy. The gasifier generator coupled power plants are being widely used in rural communities where electric network doesn't exist. The recovery of the exhaust gases makes the system very attractive. Apart from it, there is the performance study of a compact power plant and a tri-generation plant. The stack gases from internal combustion engine are directed to a 25 kW ammonia-water absorption refrigeration chiller. In the power plant,31.25% is the electric power generation of the total fuel gas input and same amount of stack gases at temperature 400 0 C just at out let of engine is

0used to operate absorption chiller machine which is having COP of 0.517. The temperature of cold storage was between 0 C-5 C at 15kW cooling capacity. The engine water jacket was used for heating purpose and the temperature gain was between

0 060 C -63.5 C.

Keywords: Tri-generation, renewable energy, exhaust gas waste.

***

DECOMPOSITION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN INDIA: A DISCUSSION IN THE CONTEXT OF INDEX DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS (IDA)

1* 2 3Ponnala Vimal Mosahari , D. Ganeshwar Rao , Rajeev Satsangi1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute ), Dayalbagh, Agra

* 1Corresponding Author: [email protected]

India is a developing country with enormous growth in the Industrial sector. A major concern however lies in the limited energy resources which are the driving force of any industry or country as a whole. Hence, it becomes important to focus on the energy consumption pattern of the country and to identify where optimization is needed. Energy consumption is also related to the environment i.e. CHG emissions and therefore CHG monitoring is also important to check the emissions.

Index Decomposition Analysis (IDA) is an analytical tool based on the Index Number Theory used in Economics and Statistics. It is at present a much sought after research area to analyse the energy consumption pattern or to decompose energy indicators. IDA is widely used to disentangle and separate changes in energy consumption, energy intensity and CHG emissions in energy and environmental field. In the present work an attempt has been made to review the energy consumption in India and discuss IDA.

Keywords: IDA, CHG

***

THERMO-ECONOMIC OPTIMIZATION OF WORK CONSUMING DEVICES

Rajesh Arora

Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,

Dronacharya College of Engineering, Khentawas (FarrukhNagar), Gurgaon

Email: - [email protected]

The finite-time and finite size are considered to be the major constraints in the optimization of the real systems. In classical thermodynamic analysis, these constraints are not considered because of the inherent assumption of reversibility. Finite Time Thermodynamics provide a fundamental starting point for the optimization of real systems. The optimization studies of refrigeration and heat pump systems that consider various objective functions based on Finite Time Thermodynamics and thermo-economics are reviewed here.

Keywords: FTT, Endo-reversible, Refrigerator, Heat Pump, Heat Reservoir



***

CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR POWER GENERATION IN INDIAA NEAR ZERO EMISSION PLANT APPROACH

1 2Siddhartha , Prof.(Dr.)Navdeep Malhotra1MTech.Mechanical YMCAUST, ,Faridabad

Certified Energy Manager , BEE-INDIA and Life Member IE(India)Mobile : 0918527243948, E-Mail : [email protected]

2 Ph.D.,Professor YMCAUST,ZakirNagar,FaridabadLMISTE,LMIE,MSAE,LMMRIS,LMISAMPE,LMSME,LMFRPI

Mobile :0919466175277, E-Mail: [email protected]

Coal is chemically and physically a complex and heterogeneous material, consisting of organic and inorganic constituents from its origin .Concerted efforts are needed to reduce “ash-forming” inorganic elements and to develop clean methods of using coal.A combined-cycle gas turbine power plant consists of one or more gas turbine generators equipped with heat recovery steam generators to capture heat from the gas turbine exhaust. Steam produced in the heat recovery steam generators powers a steam turbine generator to produce additional electric power. Gas-fired combined-cycle plants produce less carbon dioxide per unit energy output than other fossil fuel technologies because of the relatively high thermal efficiency of the technology .Grate firing was the first combustion system used for solid fuels followed by pulverized and fluidized bed firing. The concept of burning coal that has been pulverized into a fine powder stems from the belief that if the coal is made fine enough ,it will burn almost as easily and efficiently as gas. Various scrubbing processes have been proposed to remove carbon dioxide from air or flue gases. In contrast to wet scrubbers which apply energy directly to the flowing fluid medium, an ESP applies energy only to the particulate matter being collected and therefore is very efficient in its consumption of energy (in the form of electricity). Most FGD systems employ two stages: one for fly ash removal and the other for SO2 removal. However, these systems experienced severe maintenance problems and low removal efficiency. In wet scrubbing systems, the flue gases normally passes first through a fly ash removal device, either an electrostatic precipitator or a wet scrubber, and then into the SO2-absorber. However, in dry injection or spray drying operations, the SO2 is first reacted with the sorbent, and then the flue gas passes through a particulate control device. Another important design consideration associated with wet FGD systems is that the flue gas exiting the absorber is saturated with water and still contains some SO2. These gases are highly corrosive to any downstream equipment such as fans, ducts, and stacks. Usage of supercritical and ultrasupercritical pulverised coal technologies along with Circulating Fluidised Bed Combustion besides IGCC has been discussed as Clean Coal Technologies for power generation. Hence the paper Clean Coal Technologies for Power Generation in India : A Near Zero Emission Plant Approach is limited to the study of various technologies to reduce emissions/greenhouse gases by coal combustion.

Keywords: Coal Beneficiation, Coal Gasification, Fluidised Bed Combustion, Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle, Flue Gas Desulphurisation, Electrostatic Precipitator, Carbon Capture and Storage.

***

LIMITATIONS OF ENERGY UTILIZATION OF SOLID WASTE DUE TO IT'S POOR QUALITY

1 2 3Desh Deepak Johri, Manish Gaur, Sachin Rathod1Associate Professor, Deptt. of Mech. Engg., ABESIT, Ghaziabad

2,3Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Mech. Engg., KIET, Ghaziabad1E mail: [email protected]

The increasing problem of continuous population growth in the metro cities and subsequent increase in solid waste disposal has created a severe problem as well as its hazardous effects may not be overlooked. The major utilization of this solid waste in India is limited to composting only. The amount of solid waste in Delhi alone is nearly 9000 MT / day. The quality of compost is not appropriate because of mixed solid waste and its poor quality .The compost thus produced is not salable in the market. In domestic solid waste if the organic content is collected separately the food stuff waste content can be utilized for compost which shall be of good quality. Again the content in the form of Plastic and paper is suitable for the purpose of energy.

Keywords:-Sanitary Land Fills (SLF), Waste to Energy Generation (WTE), Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)

***



A FEASIBILITY STUDY ON WASTE HEAT RECOVERY IN AN IC ENGINE USING ELECTRO TURBO GENERATION

1 2S.N.Srinivasa Dhaya Prasad , N.Parameshwari1Assistant Professor, Department of Automobile Engg., SACS MAVMM Engg. College,

Madurai, Tamilnadu. E-mail: [email protected]. Prof. /Research Scholar, Department of Automobile Engg, SACS MAVMM Engineering College,

E-mail: [email protected]

In a conventional IC engine a considerable heat is carried away by exhaust gases. To recover the waste heat, various methods are being adopted. One of them is turbo charging. In this project an attempt has been made to explore the various possibilities of waste heat / energy recovery methods in conventional commercial two wheeler and four wheelers. In this context, a new concept of hybrid engine has also been discussed. The heat energy contained in the exhaust gases are recovered in three different methodologies.

Firstly, by introducing an auxiliary combustion chamber and injecting an additional suitable fuel and then allowing it to expand in a turbine which forms the part of turbo charger unit. Thus the waste heat energy is utilized to burn an additional amount of fuel. The second stage contains a thermoelectric generator which produces electrical energy by utilizing the high heat of exhaust gases. The third stage energy recovery is done by coupling a compressor and an alternator. Both being coupled to the turbine shaft, produces electrical energy and compressed air which can be accumulated and used effectively for running any auto auxiliaries. Thus the principle of electro turbo generation has been adopted for waste heat recovery In order to use the aforesaid combination of waste energy recovery systems a matrix has also been suggested.

***

REDUCING BATTERY DISCHARGING RATE USING PHOTO-ELECTRIC EFFECT

1* 2 3Jeet Kumar Gaur , Abhinav Mittal ,Bikash Chandra Maurya1,2,3B.tech, Student 3rd year, Mechanical Engineering, KIET, Ghaziabad, India

Corresponding author Email:* [email protected], Ph-+91-8909518527

To make the battery work longer once charged the electrons can be made to get over the negative terminal of the battery using the photon energy by the use of a low wave length ultra violet lamp [1].In process forms a circuit that acts as the charging circuit of the battery. Thus the rate of discharge of the battery reduces and battery life increases. Such an arrangement if used with the battery will tend to recharge the battery when it's being used. Thus the net discharging rate of the battery is reduced.

Keywords: Electrons, photons, photo-electric effect, Work function, Ultra Violet Lamp.

***

THERMODYNAMIC MODELLING OF GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP FOR SPACE HEATING

1 2 3Rajeev Satsangi , Ashok Yadav ,Ponnala Vimal Mosahari1,2,3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute

(Deemed University), Dayalbagh, AgraCorresponding Author: [email protected]

Fossil fuels are depleting day by day due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, so there are lot of effort made all over the world to use alternative energy resources. Ground Source Heat Pump is considered as one of the renewable energy resources used for heating and cooling purposes. In the present work, conservation equation for mass and energy are derived for a GSHP system with simple U Tube Ground heat exchanger. The performance characteristics of GSHP are computed in terms of COP and energetic aspect. After successful validation of the equation and procedure, the analysis has been performed for the application of GSHP for space heating load of 5KW for R 22 and R 134 a (Tetra fluoro ethane) refrigerants.



It has been seen that R 134 a have high COP than R 22. R134 a have no chlorine content and it can be considered as eco-friendly.

Keyword – Ground Source Heat Pump, Energy Analysis, Mass flow rate, Coefficient of Performance

***

ALTERNATIVES TO R134A (CF CH F) REFRIGERANT- A REVIEW3 2

1 2Gaurav , Dr. Raj Kumar1 Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mewat Enginieering College, Mewat-122107,

1Haryana,E-mail: [email protected] Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad

R134a (Hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant) is used in domestic refrigeration and other vapour compression system. R134a is having zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) and almost same thermodynamic properties as R12 (Chloroflurocarbon refrigerant), but it has 1300 global warming potential (GWP) per year which is very high. So, there is a need to find out the alternatives to R134a from toxicity, flammability, thermodynamic, thermoeconomic and environment point of view. This review paper also represents the recent development done on alternatives to R134a.

Keywords: Global warming, Ozone depletion, Alternative refrigerant, Flammability

***

A REVIEW OF COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES

1* 2 3 1Nikhil Dev , Samsher , S. S. Kachhwaha , Rajesh Attri1YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, Haryana

2Delhi Technological University, Delhi3Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar

[email protected]

Simple cycle gas turbine engines suffer from limited efficiencies and consequential dominance of fuel prices on generation costs. Combined cycles, however, exploit the waste heat from exhaust gases to boost power output, resulting in overall efficiencies around 50%, which are significantly above those of steam power plants. This paper reviews various types of combined cycles, including repowering, integrated gasification and other advanced systems.

Keywords: Combined cycle power plant, gas turbine, HRSG

***

A REVIEW ON PARABOLIC TROUGH TYPE SOLAR COLLECTORS: INNOVATION, APPLICATIONS AND THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE

Devander Kumar LambaMechanical Engg.,Deptt., TITS Bhiwani, India

E-mail:- [email protected]

The global demand for energy is growing and conventional energy sources like coal and petroleum are depleting, and renewable resources will play a crucial role in the future. This paper presents an overview about the parabolic trough solar collector which is one of the renewable source. Parabolic trough collector can supply the thermal energy up to 4000C , mainly in steam power plant for electricity generation. Many applications of Parabolic Trough Collector, it's innovations and thermal energy storage materials has been discussed keeping in mind the environmental benefits. In India, the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat have the potential for widespread application of PTC to harness the solar energy. The launch of The



Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) in 2008 by the Indian Government and its initiatives, complemented by state solar policy passed by the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat, will go a long way based on deployment of both solar PV projects and solar thermal projects in a ratio of 50:50, in MW terms to fulfilling India's upcoming energy needs.

Keywords: - Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC), concentrated solar power (CSP), heat transfer fluid (HTF), Thermal energy storage.

***

STUDY OF FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER IN PLATE FIN HEAT EXCHANGER AT VARYING REYNOLD'S NUMBER

1 2Pardeep Yadav , Pawan Kumar ,1,2 DAV College of Engg.& Technology,Kanina,(M.Garh) HR

Heat transfer characteristics and flow structure in laminar and turbulent flows through a rectangular channel containing built in vortex generators have been analyzed by means of solutions of the full Navier-Stokes and energy equations The effects of two different shaped LVGs, rectangular winglet pair (RWP) and delta winglet pair (DWP) with two different con?gurations, common-?ow-down (CFD) and common-?ow-up (CFU), are studied. The numerical results indicate that the application of LVGs effectively enhances heat transfer of the channel. According to the performance evaluation parameter, (Nu/Nu )/(f/f ), the channel with DWP has better overall performance than RWP; the CFD and CFU 0 0

con?gurations of DWP have almost the same overall performance; the CFD con?guration has a better overall performance than the CFU con?guration for RWP. The basic mechanism of heat transfer enhancement by LVGs can be well described by the ?eld synergy principle. The main purpose of this study is to show the performance of delta winglet type vortex generators in improving heat transfer.

Keywords: Vortex generator; Common ?ow up; Heat transfer enhancement; Plate-?n & tube heat.

***

PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF A CONTROL VALVE USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

1 2 3 4K Thanigavelmurugan , N.V. Mahalakshmi , S. Mohan Das , D. Venkatesh1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University,Chennai

3,4Circor Flow Technologies,Coimbatore,[email protected]

This article describes the design and performance improvements of a high pressure turbine bypass valve Zick Twist trim (multi stage, multi path). For effective control of velocity, pressure and temperature, a trim designed to have a tortuous path was designed. Computational fluid dynamics and FEM analyses were used in the design process. The valve, which was installed with the designed trim, was tested. To evaluate its performance in the field, the valve was installed at a 225MW combined power plant system for two months. The results showed that the pressure letdown was successfully controlled by the designed trim, and the noise level was reduced below 85dB. The main objective of the work is to find the pressure drop, velocity variation, temperature distribution in the different stages of the turbine bypass valve using computational fluid dynamics. This is done to increase the performance of the valve.

Keywords: Zick Twist trim (multi stage, multi path, tortuous path trim), turbine bypass valve, pressure control, velocity control, temperature control, disc stacks, computational fluid dynamics exchanger.

***



CFD APPLICATION IN PASSIVE BUILDING DESIGNS

1 2 3Ali A. F. Al-Hamadani , S. K. Shukla , Alok K.Dwivedi1, 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering,

Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University , Varansi3 SHEAT College of Engineering, Babatpur, Varanasi2 Corresponding Author; Telefax ; +91-0542-670285

2Email: [email protected]

The main factors which govern physical conditions and comfort are air temperature and air movement. These factors will assist the designer to know or to reach the suitable thermal comfort to attain the primitive knowledge, it used in passive building design. Thus, in this paper, simulation study has been performed to estimate the distribution of air temperature inside the common room with the direction of velocity and the indoor environment by using ANSYS Fluent 12.1. The simulation results show that radiation model assist better to understand the mixed convection, force convection with temperature in ventilated spaces.

Keywords: CFD, Passive, Radiation, Building Design

***

ENERGY AUDIT OF 250 MW THERMAL POWER STATIONS PTPS, PANIPAT

1 2 3 4Vikrant Bhardwaj , Rohit Garg , Mandeep Chahal , Baljeet Singh1,2 Asstt. Professor in Deptt. Of Mechanical Engineering,

1IIET, (Kinana) Jind (Haryana), Email:

3,4 Asstt. Professor in Deptt. Of Mechanical Engineering,3 4HCTM, Kaithal (Haryana), Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Energy conservation means, the need is to use energy efficiently and effectively.Energy Audit is a technical survey of a plant in which the machine/section wise/ department wise pattern of energy consumption studied and attempts to balance the total energy input correlating with production. As a result of the study the areas where the energy is wastefully used and the improvements are felt, are identified and corrective measures are recommended so that the overall plant efficiency could be improved.Fundamental understanding of the process is essential if we are to improve the overall efficiency of the system. In this work an energy audit of 250MW Power Plant (Coal – based) is presented at different loads. In thermal power station approximately 90% of the fuel i.e. Coal alone. In my work the overall plant efficiency observed 33.67% (210MW), 35.89% (232MW) and 36.74% (250MW). The component efficiencies found 85.23% (Boiler), 41.19% (Turbo-Gen.) and 53.33% (condenser) at full load.

***

THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP FOR SPACE HEATING USING R-22

1 2 3 4 5Surender Nain , Sanjeev Kumar , Vikrant Bhardwaj , Narender Mann , Parveen Kumar1,2,4 5 Asstt. Professor, Lecturer,Deptt. Of Mechanical Engineering,

1 2HCTM, Kaithal (Haryana), India Emai Email: [email protected], [email protected],4 [email protected], [email protected]

3Asstt. Professor in Deptt. Of Mechanical Engineering,I.I.E.T, Kinana, Jind (Haryana), India Email: [email protected]

In the coming decades, global environmental issues will significantly affect the patterns of energy used around the world. Any future efforts to limit carbon emission likely to alter the composition of total energy-related carbon emissions by energy sources. Air pollutions are becoming an important environmental concern.

***

[email protected]: [email protected]



EFFECT OF ROUGHNESS ON SECONDARY FLOW IN A RECTILINEAR TURBINE CASCADE

1 2 3Vinod Kumar Singoria , Deepika Sharma , Dr. Samsher1 2 3Ph.D Scholar ([email protected]), M. Tech ( Thermal) , Professor

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,Delhi Technological University, (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering)Bawana Road, Delhi

Three dimensional geometry of rectilinear cascade of four reaction blades is created in the Gambit® 2.2.3 software and flow behavior has been studied using FLUENT 6.2. Air with an inlet velocity of 102m/s is passed through the cascade. The cascade is open to atmosphere at the exit. Initially, both surfaces of the blade of the cascade are kept as smooth and secondary loss is analyzed. This secondary flow loss is then compared with the blades on which a roughness of 500 µm is applied on suction surface and pressure surface individually as well as on both the surfaces together. It is observed that in a smooth blade average total loss is 14.7% whereas in case of blades having both the surfaces rough this loss gets almost doubled and becomes 27.7%. When roughness is applied to all the suction surfaces only then average total loss is 24.7% and if roughness is present only on the pressure surfaces then average total loss is 18.2%. But the corresponding average secondary loss decreases from 1.7% in case of smooth blades to 1.5% for rough blades. This average secondary loss is 1.9% for the blades on which roughness is present on all the pressure and 1.3% in case when roughness is applied to only suction surfaces of the blades.

Keywords: CFD, cascade, energy loss, roughness.

***

AN OVERALL EVALUATION OF FLOW CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF Y-SHAPED DIFFUSING DUCT WITH SAME ANGLE OF TURN AND

DIFFERENT CENTERLINE LENGTH & RADIUS OF CURVATURE

1 2 3Netrapal Singh , Abdur Rahim , Md. Islam1 2 3Research Scholar, Associate Professor, Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, JMI Delhi,

The several set of experiments have been carried out to compare the flow and performance characteristics of both Y-ducts made of epoxy resin having centerline length (300mm & 600mm) and radius of curvature (382mm&764mm).for both sets of y-ducts area ratio and aspect ratio keep constant i.e. 2 with turning angle 22.50/22.50 . The inlet shape of both limbs of Y duct is rectangular while the outlet is circular. All the experiments have been carried out for a fixed velocity ratio 1.2(suction to free stream velocity). The maximum average inlet velocity at the inlet of duct is 15.06m/s.The flow in duct is created by suction with the help of pipeline network which directly connected at the inlet of centrifugal blower with the help of control valve followed by a sliding door. The all parameters are measured with the help of a calibrated five hole probe. The results are presented in the form of 3-D plots for longitudinal velocity at inlet, contour plots for velocity and pressure as well as vector plots for secondary velocity along with wall pressure and mass averaged pressure recovery coefficients and loss coefficients. The surfer graphic package based on finite volume method is used for all plots.

Keywords: Y-Shaped Diffusing Duct, turning angle, Centerline length, Radius of curvature, CP and C Loss.

***

REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE

SOLAR ABSORPTION AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

1* 1* 2Mr. Vinod Sehrawat , Mr. Tarun Gupta ,Dr. Raj KumarEmail: [email protected]

1* Department of Mechanical Engineering, NGF College of Engineering and Technology, Palwal, HaryanaEmail: ([email protected])

2*Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad,

The aim of this article is to review the currently available solar air-conditioning technologies, their energy saving potential and technical limitations. The scope of this article is to brief the processes and to consolidate the commercially available



solar cooling technologies for comparison. Although a large potential market exists for this technology, existing solar cooling systems are not yet competitive with conventional electricity-driven or gas-fired air-conditioning systems because of their high initial costs. In this paper, the technologies working only on liquid absorption cycle are discussed in brief. The paper looks at ways of improving the performance of the solar air-conditioning (chiller) subsystems by using the different technology.

Keywords: Solar Air-conditioning; Absorption chiller; Lithium bromide and water; Generator Temperature.

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ENERGY METHOD FOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A BOILER IN A COAL FIRED THERMAL POWER PLANT: A REVIEW

1 2Mukesh Gupta , Raj Kumar1Assistant Professor, Email:[email protected]

2Professor, Email:[email protected] of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad

Boiler is one of the most important components for any power generation system. Performance of a boiler, like efficiency and evaporation ratio directly affects the overall performance of the electricity generation process and it reduces with time, due to poor combustion, heat transfer fouling and poor operation and maintenance. The easiest and most cost effective method [1] is to estimate the efficiency value on five broad elements: (1) Boiler stack temperature (2) Heat content of fuel (3) Fuel specification (4) Excess air levels (5) Ambient air temperature and relative humidity. The current study puts forward an effective methodology for the performance evaluation of a boiler based on the work done by some of the experts in the field of thermal/ energy studies and enlists some of the factors that affect the performance of a boiler.

Keywords: Thermal power plant, performance analysis

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SHELL SIDE CFD ANALYSIS OF A SMALL SHELL-AND-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER CONSIDERING THE EFFECTS OF BAFFLE INCLINATION ON FLUID FLOW

1* 2Abdur Rahim , S.M.Saad Jameel1*Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engg, Faculty of Engineering and Technology,

2Student, M Tech – Thermal Engineering,Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi

1 2E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

The shell side design of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger; in particular the baffle cut and baffles inclination dependencies of the heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop are investigated by numerically modeling a small heat exchanger. The flow and temperature fields inside the shell are resolved using a commercial CFD software tool STAR CCM+ v6.06. In this present work, attempts were made to investigate the impacts of various baffle inclination angles on fluid flow and the heat transfer characteristics of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for three different baffles inclination angles namely 0°, 10° and 20°. The simulation results for various shell and tube heat exchangers, one with segmental baffles perpendicular to fluid flow and two with segmental baffles inclined to the direction of fluid flow are compared for their performance. The results are observed to be sensitive to the turbulence model selection. For a given baffle cut of 36 %, the heat exchanger performance is investigated by varying mass flow rate and baffle inclination angle. From the CFD simulation results, the shell side outlet temperature, pressure drop, recirculation near the baffles, heat transfer, optimal mass flow rate and the optimum baffle inclination angle for the given heat exchanger geometry are determined.

Keywords: Shell-and-tube heat exchanger, CFD, Conjugate Heat Transfer, Pressure drop, Baffle inclination angle, turbulence models.

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PERFORMANCE BASED COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THERMAL POWER PLANT: A REVIEW

1 2Manmohan Kakkar , Raj Kumar1 2Research scholar, Professor,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad

Email : [email protected]

Coal based thermal power stations are the leaders in electricity generation in India. In this paper, the author attempts to investigate the gap between demand & supply and cost reduction in order to make the existing power plants more efficient. Efficient power generation is expected to make more power available at a lower cost for economic and other activities, which in turn shall make the country more competitive. The focus of the study is on the coal fired thermal power plants in the country. The performance calculation and rectification measures are essential for performance evaluation and efficiency enhancement.

Keywords-Thermal Power Plant, Performance Evaluation, Efficiencies, Energy

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EXERGETIC ANALYSIS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A COMBINED HEAT AND POWER SYSTEM

1 2Nikhil Dev , Rajesh AttriYMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad, Haryana, India

1Email: [email protected]

In the present analysis mathematical modeling for a 30MW cogeneration cycle is done and effect of cycle pressure ratio, inlet air temperature and turbine inlet temperature (TIT) is studied for the combustion chamber. Cogeneration is the production of electrical energy and useful thermal energy from the same energy source that is why it is called combined heat and power (CHP) system. From the results it is being found that there is an increase of exergy destruction by 31.30% when the inlet air temperature is increased from 5°C to 50°C. Increased exergy destruction shows that performance of combustion chamber deteriorates with the increase in inlet air temperature. A different pattern for the exergy destruction is observed when compressor pressure ratio is increased. From a compression ratio of 5 to 15 there is a decrease of exergy destruction in combustion chamber and after that it increases. After a compression ratio of 26, performance of system starts deteriorate and regenerator is no longer useful. That is why in the present analysis exergy destruction in the combustion chamber is studied only upto a pressure ratio of 26.

Keywords: Cogeneration; compressor; inlet air temperature; pressure ratio; TIT.

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APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK IN SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS: A REVIEW

1 2 3Naveen Sharma , Manish Kumar Chauhan , Rajesh KumarDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee

[email protected]@gmail.com

[email protected]

Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques offer an alternative way to tackle complex and ill-defined problems to conventional techniques. They have biologically inspired computer programs design to simulate in such a way as human brain processes information. They can congregate acquaintance by identifying the patterns and relationships in data and learn through experience and able to handle noisy, incomplete data, non linear problems and prediction of data. ANNs have been the potential of combining and incorporating both literature-based and experimental data to solve complicated practical problems. They have been found application in various areas like control, forecasting, medicine, pattern recognition,



manufacturing, optimization, signal processing and social/psychological sciences and are becoming more and more popular nowadays. The current review work throw light on the application of the AI-techniques in solar energy systems; for modelling and design of mainly solar air heater, solar water heater and solar radiation estimation. Published literature incorporated in this review work shows the potential of ANNs as a design tool for the optimal solar energy systems.

Keywords:-Artificial Intelligence; Solar Energy Systems; Solar Air Heater; Solar Water Heater; Photovoltaic Systems.

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THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS FOR IMPROVEMENT IN THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF A SIMPLE GAS TURBINE CYCLE THROUGH RETROFITTING TECHNIQUES

(INLET AIR EVAPORATIVE COOLING, STEAM INJECTION & COMBINED IAC AND STIG)

1 2Shyam Agarwal and R.S. Mishra1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi College of Engineering, Bawana Road, Delhi

1 Corresponding author – Tel.: 91+9013353987; E-mail: [email protected]

Retrofitting technologies [inlet evaporative cooling system and steam injected gas turbine] have been applied on simple gas turbine cycle for performance improvement followed by parametric analysis. The performance improvement has been thermodynamically analysed and discussed for retrofitted techniques followed by performance studies. The parametric study predicts that retrofitting techniques (FCS and STIG) improves net power output, thermal efficiency, power generation efficiency , first law efficiency and exergetic efficiency (second law efficiency) while heat rate falls with a considerable increment in fuel consumption. Exergy analysis showed that combustion chamber and turbine are most sensitive components of retrofitted system. The results show that the power output , thermal efficiency , exergetic efficiency and fuel-air ratio have been enhanced 3.1% , 0.18%, 0.2% and 1.0% respectively while heat rate falls 0.6% by FCS technology. The power output , thermal efficiency , exergetic efficiency and fuel-air ratio have been improved 27.4% , 3.5%, 25.8% and 14.4% respectively while heat rate falls 10.2% by STIG technology. The analysis shows that STIG technology is better than FCS and the combined FCS & STIG technology enhance the power output , thermal efficiency , exergetic efficiency and fuel-air ratio 30.5% , 3.5%, 25.7% and 15.2% respectively and reduces the heat rate 10.4%.

Keywords: Gas turbine, Retrofitting, FCS, STIG, Exergy

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TIME DEPENDENT ANALYSIS OF COOLING LOAD USING FDM APPROACH

1 2Sachin Gupta , Arvind Gupta1 Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Departmen, Vaish College of Engineering, Rohtak

2 Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad

The present work analyses the variation of cooling load with time of a system having single entity with the use of Finite Difference Method . Cooling load calculation is the major work performed in the air-conditioning system design. This should be performed as accurately as possible to reduce over design or under design of the system. Earlier work of analyzing cooling load with time involves Conduction Transfer Function (CTF) Method. Finite difference method is used for computation of transient heat conduction through the wall and roof. Implicit finite difference method is chosen for its stability. Heat gain through window is calculated by taking solar heat gain coefficients (SHGC). Infiltration effect in the total cooling load is also discussed. The components of heat gain are finally categorized under convective and radiant portion. The convective portions are taken as cooling load. The radiant portions are changed to cooling load by multiplying them with radiant time factors. Finally an example of an auditorium is taken & cooling load is calculated at different instant of time which ultimately helps in the design of an air conditioning system.

Keywords: Cooling Load, Finite Difference Method, Solar Heat Gain Coefficient.

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USE OF BIOGAS FOR COOKING PURPOSE IN A TECHNICAL INSTITUTE: A VIEW POINT

Indraj SinghSLIET, Longowal, Punjab, India email: [email protected]

Energy crisis in world is increasing. There are limited resources of crude available on the earth. Price of LPG increasing day by day. There is a lot off waste generated which have a problem of disposal. Bio gas production condition in India is very high. The temperature conditions for the production of bio gas are very favorable throughout the year and the availability of the bio degradable waste is in bulk. There is great need for the development of the plants which should be based on the Kitchen waste, industrial waste and municipality waste treatment. So author feel, there is a lot of potential to produce biogas from kitchen waste. SLIET is spreading in 451 acre area. More than four thousand students are staying in 13 boys and girls hostels and five hundred families are also staying in residential area of SLIET campus. A survey is conducted at SLIET Longowal and kitchen waste data collected from different mess, residential areas, shopping complex and restaurant. Survey revealed that 600 kg/day of kitchen waste collected from residential area of faculty, staff, students mess and other location. Biogas of more than 32 kg/day (2 LPG Cylinder/day) can be produced by using the biogas plant. There is an expenditure of Rs 2.50 lacs in constructing a bio gas plant. Produced biogases have a potential to replace a LPG already utilized for a cooking purpose of 250 student capacity in a hostel. The payback period is around 1 year and 3 months approximately.

Keywords: Kitchen Waste, Biogas Plant, Anaerobic Di.

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CFD MODELING FOR PNEUMATIC CONVEYING

1* 2 3Arvind Kumar , D.R. Kaushal , Navneet Kumar1Associate Professor YMCAUST, Faridabad

2Associate Professor, IIT, Delhi3Research Scholar IIT, Delhi

1e-mail: *[email protected]

CFD simulation is used to investigate the pressure drop prediction capabilities of CFD techniques for a 900 pipe bend in horizontal plane for an extended range of conveying conditions in a pneumatic pipe line system. The conveyed material was cement with a mean particle size (d50) of 25 micron. In Test Rig, the 900 bend of 52mm internal diameter and D/d of 6 was configured horizontally. The computational grids for the horizontal pipe bend similar to that used in experiment. There is broad qualitative agreement in trends and flow patterns of pneumatic conveying through pipeline system. For the high solids loading ratio the Eulerian solver and transient analysis and at lower solids loading ratios the mixture model and steady-state analysis were more appropriate.

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ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDIA

1 2Abhinav Kumar Shrivastava , Sorabh1 N.I.M.S. University Jaipur, email: [email protected]

2 YMCAUST Faridabad, email: [email protected]

The electrical and electronic waste (e-waste) is one of the fastest growing waste streams in the world. The increasing “market penetration” in developing countries, “replacement market” in developed countries and “high obsolescence rate” make e-waste as one of the fastest growing waste streams. Environmental issues and trade associated with e-waste at local, transboundary and international level has driven many countries to introduce interventions.

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ALTERNATIVES OF FREONSPraveen

M.Tech, Student,YMCA University of Science & Technology, Email: [email protected]

Ozone layer depletion by CFCs occurs by breakdown of chlorine atoms from refrigerants by UV radiation and reaction with ozone in stratosphere. Chloro fluoro-carbons are responsible for the depletion of ozone layer. Hence all the CFCs like R11, R12, R113, R115, R502 are being phased out. So we need some alternatives.

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WASTE TO ENERGY: USING MSW OF KATRA TOWN FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION

1 2*, 2, 3, 4Sona Rani , Prabhat Shankar Navdeep Malhotra Munish Kohli1 2 3 4 Asstt. Prof. UIET, KU, Student ,SME,SMVDU, Prof. YMCAUST., . Student SMVDU

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

India's energy demands have increased very rapidly with the ever increasing population. The process of urbanization and industrialization also add to this demand. Movement of India's growth and economy in the last 30 years averaging growth of 7% per year since 2000. Today India rank forth in world energy consumption. The IEPR report has estimated by 2030 energy requirement would go high by 5-6 % of current level. There is deficit in energy production and is equivalent to 16.8% of its peak demand as recorded on June 2011. For sustaining the growth India is presently recording this gap to be narrowed. So an urgent challenge for mankind to develop low cost, non polluting energy production technology. Another problem of India is rising population and the waste generated by them. With the rate of urbanization 2.8% annual rate of change waste generation is only going to rise. Overwhelming 90% of waste produced in India is disposed in land filling leading to innumerable health and environmental hazards. This report aims to address both aforesaid issues taking case study of Katra town. Katra has a high floating population that will touch 10.5 million footfalls by the end of December 2012. Report is focussing on converting “waste to energy” and need for better management of waste generated.

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THEME-II DESIGN & ANALYSIS

PATH SYNTHESIS OF 4-BAR LINKAGES WITH JOINT CLEARANCES USING DE ALGORITHM

1 2 2Ruby Mishra , T.K.Naskar and Sanjib Acharya1School of Mechanical Engineering, KIIT University, BBSR- 751 024, India

2Mechanical Engineering Departments, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India

This paper presents synthesis of linkages with joint clearances to generate a desired coupler curve. Link lengths are determined with an objective of minimizing error between desired curve and generated curve. Joint Clearances are treated as a virtual link. Differential evaluation (DE) algorithm is used to find link parameters for minimizing error between desired and actual path due to clearances at joints connecting coupler and follower.

Key words: Linkage synthesis, Joint clearance, Differential evaluation

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STOCHASTIC THERMAL BUCKLING RESPONSE OF LAMINATED COMPOSITE PLATE RESTING ON ELASTIC FOUNDATION BASED ON MICROMECHANICAL

MODEL

1 2 3Rajiv Kumar , Amit Sharma and Rajesh Kumar1M.Tech , Deptt. of Mech. Engg., DCRUST, Murthal , Haryana, India, [email protected]

2Asstt. Professor, Deptt. of Mech. Engg. DCRUST, Murthal, India, , [email protected] Professor, Deptt. of Mech. Engg., DCRUST, Murthal, Haryana, India , [email protected]

The present work investigates the thermally induced buckling response of elastically supported laminated composite plates with random system properties using stochastic finite element method. The properties such as material properties, thermal

0expansion coefficients and lamina thickness are modeled as basic random variables. A C nonlinear finite element method based on the higher order shear deformation plate theory using von Karman-type nonlinear strain displacement relations is used to discretize the laminate. A direct iterative method in conjunction with first order perturbation technique (FOPT) is outlined to solve the stochastic nonlinear generalized eigenvalue problems in thermal sense. Typical numerical results for second order statistics of thermal nonlinear buckling load of laminated composite plates are obtained for different support conditions, and temperature change. The numerical results for mean response are compared with the results available in the literature and for second order statistics with an independent Monte Carlo simulation.

Keywords: Thermal Buckling, stochastic finite element, perturbation technique, boundary support.

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AN INTRODUCTION TO STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING: A SMART SOLUTION

1 2 3Vikash Kumar , Dr. Sanjeev Kumar and Dr. Vikram Singh1PhD Research Scholar, Deptt of Mech. Engg., YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad

2,3Associate Professor, Deptt of Mech. Engg, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad

Structural health monitoring is an important safety factor in aviation that might benefit from advanced smart systems for damage sensing and signal processing. Current levels of structural safety and reliability do not present a particularly strong case for smart systems but cost considerations related to inspection and maintenance do. As an added benefit problems of poor accessibility and negative effects of human factors in inspection might be reduced. The implementation of such system requires development and demonstration by dedicated and qualified multidisciplinary teams, acceptance by aircraft



designers, manufacturers and operators and approval by the authorities. Current European collaborative schemes and the associated funding in conjunction with an apparent interest among potential end users provide excellent prospects for the realisation of smart solutions.

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PREDICTING WIND TURBINE DESIGN PARAMETERS USING ACTUATOR DISK THEORY AS A ROATATIONAL BASIS

1 2 3Hari Pal Dhariwal , Barun Kumar Roy and Bhupender Yadav1 Research, Scholar Singhania University Rajasthan. [email protected] , +919813509678

2Director, Om Institute of Technology and Management Hisar.3Assistant Professor, YMCAUST Faridabad

Wind energy is present and future demand of our society. Wind energy can be better abstracted only with a better technology. Actuator disk theory provides some technical data basis for designing wind turbine parameters.

Keywords: ADT- Actuator Disk Theory, HAWT- Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines.

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SHAPE OPTIMIZATION TO UTILIZE PRESSURE DIFFERENCE AT FRONT AND REAR OF THE BODY

1* 2 3 4 5Amit Chauhan , Nadish Saini , Shivam , Udit Dureja and Narender Panwar1,2,3,4,5 Department of Mechanical Engineering, UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] , [email protected],[email protected] and [email protected]

* Corresponding author: [email protected] dr, Mob. +91-9463703366

In present work, analysis has been carried out to optimize the shape of converging passage to utilize pressure difference at front and rear of the body using ANSYS (version 12) software by incorporating a nozzle like passage in the design of the body. It has also been observed that elliptical cross-section provides a more coherent flow field whereas rectangular and circular provides a higher maximum out velocity, than an elliptical cross section. A new feasible design has been introduced which is applicable to the rockets. The enhancement would generate more thrust and in addition it would also stabilize the motion of rocket by pacifying eddies due to flow separation.

Keywords: Pressure drag, thrust, elliptical cross-section, converging passage.

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INVESTIGATIONS OF THE VARIATION OF BUSH TEMPERATURE OF AN OFFSET-HALVES JOURNAL BEARING PROFILE

Amit Chauhan

Department of Mechanical Engineering, UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India,

E-mail: [email protected], Mob. +91-9463703366

The analysis of offset-halves journal bearing has been carried out to find out the rise in bush temperature by evaluating the oil-film temperature using parabolic temperature profile approximation technique. It has been observed that the bush temperature increases with increase in speed and the same trend observed in both upper and lower lobes of the bearing. During simulation, the bush temperature observed to be of increasing nature with increase in eccentricity ratio in lower lobe whereas of little decreasing nature with increase in eccentricity ratio in upper lobe of the bearing. Hence, it can be concluded



that rise in bush temperature is considerable and comparable. Therefore, it should be taken into consideration while designing offset-halves journal bearing.

Keywords: Offset-halves bearing bush temperature, and Parabolic Temperature Profile Approximation.

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NAVIGATION CONTROL AND LOCALIZATION OF MOBILE ROBOT

1 2Meghana S , Dr. D.N Drakshayani1,2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru


This paper presents an experimental study on localization and navigation control based on vision system. The system is designed for a robot navigating in an indoor environment with a single web camera. A colour image segmentation method based on RGB (Red, Green, and Blue) colour information of the colour image is applied for the recognition of position and orientation of a small mobile robot. First, the lower and higher threshold values of RGB are determined for the sample colours. The colour image segmentation and processing is performed using MATLAB tool. The localization and navigation control of the robots are efficiently and accurately established by knowing the intensity of each extracted colour region. Experimental results of the colour image segmentation or threshold segmentation method applied to the recognition of an object are studied. This work proposes the navigation control of a mobile robot with inexpensive hardware

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FUZZY CONTROL OF SEMI-ACTIVE QUARTER CAR SUSPENSION SYSTEM WITH MR DAMPER

1 2Devdutt , Dr. M.L. Aggarwal 1Research Scholar, YMCAUST, Faridabad, [email protected].

2Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCAUST, Faridabad

In present paper effectiveness of fuzzy controller in semi-active quarter car suspension system having magneto-rheological (MR) damper is studied. For experimental work, cyclic excitation is applied to an MR damper prototype using MTS machine to generate Force- Displacement and Force-Velocity curves. A fuzzy controller is designed, working on the feedback data, based on measurable sprung mass velocity and suspension velocity. Finally, a quarter vehicle semi-active suspension model having MR damper is considered for comparative analysis of simulation work under various road excitations to evaluate the performance of semi-active suspension system with fuzzy controller compared to passive suspension system.

Keywords: Quarter car model, semi-active suspension, MR Damper, Fuzzy logic controller

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STRESS DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS OF A ROTATING HYPERELASTIC VANE WITH THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

Improving the Impeller life is one of the most significant steps in improving the sustainability of the Flexible Impeller Pump. For the same purpose it is necessary to know the stress distribution on the impeller vane at specific conditions when failure is most likely to occur. Also it is necessary to identify the specific locations of failure on the vane. This process is difficult to carry out by hand calculation or by experimentation due the hyperelastic nature of the impeller material and also due to the high running speed of the pump.

1 2Pratik D Upadhyay and Akshay J Patel1B.Tech Mechanical Engineering, SASTRA University, Tamil Nadu, India, [email protected] ,

2Sr. Development Engineer, Xylem Water Solutions, Gujarat, India. [email protected]



This paper proposes a solution to the above problem by simplification of the impeller geometry and subsequent discretization of the equations involved in vane deformation using the finite element method. This approach gives us stress distributions and points of expected failure over the entire vane geometry at instant when the pump starts. The points of failure are then experimentally verified.

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STUDY OF UNCOILING IN SUSPENSION SPRINGS ITS EFFECTS

1 2 Kushal A Jolapara , Adhip Puttaraj and Abhishek Chatterjee1Production Manager, Kushal Polycoats, Bangalore. PH: +91 9900780037.E-mail: [email protected]

2Administrator, Manasa Hospital, Bangalore. PH: +91 9886720987.E-mail: [email protected]

3Project Co-ordinator, CBRE Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, PH: +91 8095813521E-mail: [email protected]

The uncoiling effect is evident when motion of one end of the spring is completely constrained and the other end is allowed to rotate freely during compression. The free rotation results in a change in spring attributes like rate of the spring and stresses generated within the spring. This has an obvious impact on the working and life of the spring. This paper showcases the work in a project, carried out to determine the extent of variation in load rates between helical suspension springs operating under both the cases (coiling restricted and coiling unrestricted). The experimental and FEM data showed a variation in the load rate as well as rotational movement in the end coil. Based on the study, it was concluded that, firstly, there is a definite change in spring performance under the two conditions. Secondly, during the design process and failure analysis, uncoiling is not considered. Lastly, testing processes need to be standardized as certain load machines have a rotating bottom table to allow uncoiling and some do not, resulting in different readings in a test for the same spring in different machines.

Keywords: Uncoiling effect, helical suspension springs, static loading, load, deflection, shear stress, uncoiling angle.

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FACTORS AFFECTING THE AUTOMATIC RAIN SENSING WIPER SYSTEM

1 2Rahul Sindhwani , Vasdev Malhotra1 2Research Scholar, Assistant Professor, YMCAUST, Faridabad

The modern age of automation is broadly defined as replacement of manual efforts by mechanical power in all degree of automation. While using traditional wiper system, it requires driver's constant attention in setting the wiper on or off. Despite this, automatic rain-sensing wiper systems are relatively uncommon in modern vehicles for a number of reasons [3]. They are often too expensive, too unsightly, or too unreliable to be desired in new automobiles. This paper elaborates the factors of the automatic rain sensing wiper system.

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FAILURE ANALYSIS AND COUNTER MEASURE OF CAPACITOR LEADS USED IN AUTOMOTIVE PCBs

1 2 3Santosh Kumar Joshi , Dr. D. N. Shivappa and Venkatesh Madhyastha1PG Student, e-mail: [email protected]

2Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of TechnologyBangalore 562157, India, e-mail: [email protected]

3Advanced Analysis Engg Delphi Technical Center Bangalore, 560066e-mail: [email protected]

Leaded Electronic components such as capacitors, resistors, and inductors used in automotive PCBs are prone to failure due to vibration loads. To predict failure, experimental failure analysis of capacitor carried out and suitable

lead wire radius was identified through simulation. Experimental failure analysis of capacitor is made by considering two different types of capacitors. Finite element models for the two capacitors are built and the accuracy of the models is checked by comparing the results of deterministic vibration analysis with experimental capacitor analysis made using vibration shaker. Verified and most accurate FE model was selected and simulated to quantify the reliability of capacitor by identifying the most significant parameter that affects the life of the capacitor. Sinusoidal vibration profile is selected to input vibration load. Monte Carlo Simulation Technique of probabilistic design is selected for the simulation. Results of analysis show that; Lead length and lead radius are identified as important factors influencing the natural frequency of vibration. Lead radius is identified as significant factor for capacitor leads failure. Best size of capacitor lead radius is 0.5 mm +0.1 mm with 20% failure probability, which is acceptable to the company.

Keywords: Leads, Capacitor, PCB, Monte Carlo Simulation, Fatigue, Failure Probability

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ANALYSIS OF BRAKE SPONGY DEFECT IN PASSENGER VEHICLE AND DEVELOPING THE COUNTER MEASURES – QI CASE STUDY

1 2 3M. Chethan , Dr D N Shivappa and Santosh S Navada1PG Student, e-mail: [email protected]

2Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of TechnologyBangalore 562 157, India, e-mail: [email protected]

3Deputy Manager, Assembly Department, Production Division, Toyota Kirloskar Motor Pvt Ltd, Bidadi, India, email: santhya@ toyota-kirloskar.co.in

Quality improvement case study to identify causes for brake spongy defect and to develop counter measures was carried out at Toyota Kirloskar Motor, Bidadi. Brake spongy is a soft feeling of brake pedal which occurs when there is more brake pedal free play. To find causes of the brake spongy problem, a comprehensive root cause analysis using 5-Why methodology was adopted. Analyses identified that there were as many as 11 important causes for brake spongy defect in Toyota Innova vehicles, and details of these causes are; tightening defect, more clearance between brake pad and rotor, more clearance between brake shoe and brake drum, brake and clutch pedals in low position before filling the brake fluid, improper clamping of gun seal packings to the reservoir, damage in gun seal packings of brake fluid filling gun, presence of moisture or dust in the brake tube, improper clamping of pressure seal clamp between gun to hose joint, blockage of vacuum filter, presence of moisture in brake fluid and bad brake hose material. Paper discusses the sources of these causes and identification of counter measures.

Keywords: Brake system, Brake fluid, Brake spongy

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VIRTUAL REALITY IN DESIGN: USER TRAINING AND EVALUATION

Harish Pungotra

Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur, India, Email: [email protected]

Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a realistic option in a number of applications, the range and number of which are increasing annually. It is also being considered as the new future interface for allowing humans to communicate with computers. This is crucial, when designers and industrial engineers are involved in design activity with the help of computers. Modern computer-aided design (CAD) systems and software tools have played a significant role in improving the efficiency of the overall product design process. However, the impact of these technologies is largely restricted to the detailed modeling and engineering analysis. At the early stages of product design the specifications and constraints are not been fully established. The industrial designers and engineers need the freedom to change and modify the product configuration. They also need to investigate the mechanical behavior for a wide range of alternative solutions. Recent advancements in high-speed computer hardware and VR technology provide opportunities to carry on design, evaluation and user training before a project is launched. This paper presents evaluation of the concept design and user training in VR environment. A unique design and simulation is used to illustrate and discusses the role that virtual reality in design, evaluation and user training.

Keywords: virtual concept design, virtual reality, modeling and simulation, evaluation, user training, deformable object, B-spline surface.

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SLAB WIDTH MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE USING MANIPULATOR IN PLATE ROLLING MILL OF BHILAI STEEL PLANT (SAIL)

1 2Anand S. Srivastava , Krishna K. Saxena

1,2 Graduate Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, B.I.E.T. Jhansi (U.P.) [email protected],

Manipulators are used for proper alignment of slabs and plates before rolling passes begin. Width is a very important parameter in rolling of the plate, so a precise and reliable method should be introduced to measure the width of the plate. The manipulators can be used for the measurement of the width with the help of a rack and pinion arrangement and an encoder-decoder. In this paper, a method is suggested for the slab width measurement in the existing layout of the plate mill of Bhilai Steel Plant using hydraulic manipulator. A program in C language has also been developed for design of manipulator pinion or assistance in design process for the same. The thermal analysis using Solidworks software has been carried for the manipulator jaw so as to avoid any dimensional distortion of jaw due to high temperature of slab. This also ensures reliable measurement.

Keywords: Manipulator, rack and pinion, slab.

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FEM ANALYSIS OF COPPER USING EQUAL CHANNEL ANGULAR PRESSING

1 2 3Neeraj Saraswat , Rahul Jain and Rajnish Saxena1Dayalbagh Education Institute, Agra-282110 INDIA, [email protected]

2Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Agra College, Agra-282010, INDIA, [email protected] Rachana International University, Faridabad, INDIA

The Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) is an effective approach for producing bulk nanostructured material. Equal Channel Angular pressing (ECAP) processes provide an efficient procedure for achieving ultra fine grained material with excellent mechanical properties. The objective is to achieve high and homogeneous deformation in the work piece. In this work an optimized design of the channel die is presented which improves deformations obtained in materials using standard dies. This is a very useful process which can help in the reuse of bulk materials. It can convert the used bulk material to Ultra fine



grained material. Ultra-fine grained materials exhibit superior mechanical properties such as high strength and ductility. In this work, three dimension finite element of ECAP process was carried out for Billet Material Copper with channel angle

oof 120 for Strain harding Copper using Forge 2007 software. The Simulation results clearly depict the Evolution of Strain on body of work piece. The FE simulation greatly help to design the experimental condition to produce good material die for forging. The process parameter of ECAP influences the effect on properties of material. In the present study FEM modeling of ECAP process using Copper for 10 mm round billet is attempted. The effect of various process viz. channel intersection (? ) angle, friction at die billet and punch velocity are studied. The FE simulations greatly help to design the experimental condition to produce good quality products in manufacturing industries.

Keywords: Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD), ECAP, Ultra-fine grained Materials, FE Simulation

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SOLAR ELECTRIC VEHICLE: A SUSTAINABLE MODE OF TRANSPORT

1 2Team Solaris , Dr Samsher Gautam1Team Solaris: Mohd Bilal, Parth Desai, Prateek Jain, Sagar Biyani, Shashank Tayal, Vaibhav Arora,

Delhi Technological University, New Delhi

The Solar Electric Vehicle, popularly known as SEV, is an important innovation to meet the future demands of sustainable modes of transport. The present study investigates the need for development of SEV, and the strategy of the Solar Electric Vehicle development at Delhi Technological University over the years. The competition race strategy that is based on the maximization of the operational efficiency of the batteries to 90% is also discussed. The flow of energy in Avenir, the latest version of the DTU-SEV is also presented. Further, the design parameters of the chassis used in Avenir have been discussed, and stress analysis of the same on SolidWorks 2010 is done to reflect the feasibility of the design on the basis of factor of safety, calculated to be 2.3 or higher.

Keywords: Solar Car, Solar Electric Vehicle, SEV, Renewable Energy, Sustainable modes of transport, Solar photovoltaic cells, MPPT

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DEFLECTION AND STRESS ANALYSIS OF BRAKE DISC USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

1 2Atul Sharma , M.L. Aggarwal1 Research Scholar ,YMCAUST,Faridabad-121006,India. [email protected]

2 Professor.Mech. Engg. Deptt,YMCAUST,Faridabad-121006,India. [email protected]

Disc brake are often used in automobile transmission system to Stop moving machine. Due to space constraint and performance requirement, disc brakes have fluctuating load characteristics, resulting in local stress and deflections. Friction temperature in brake disc can cause material carbonization and debonding. This research paper explains the design and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model of brake disc by which deflections in X, Y, Z direction and Von misses stress can be calculated by applying boundary conditions. The FEA outcomes are correlated with experimental data. A good agreement, with 5% discrepancy in the experimental data during the first engagement is obtained. The developed method improves the understanding of the structural failure, modal prediction, operating conditions, and reduces product development time and cost.

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TO ELIMINATE BIG END OVER SIZE REJECTION BY SIZING PLUG GAUGE ON CONNECTING ROD HONING MACHINE: A CASE STUDY

1 2Aditya Singh , Rajeev Saha1Manager, Hero Honda

2Asst. Prof., Department of Mechanical Engg., YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad

Connecting Rod used in a reciprocating piston engine connects the piston to the crank or crankshaft. Together with the crank, they form a simple mechanism that converts linear motion into rotating motion. It was observed that rejection rate of connecting rod being used in a two-wheeler industry was high. Identifying the root cause of rejection and finding a solution to reduce or rather eliminate the rejection of connecting rod has been dealt with in this case study.

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DESIGN OF IIR BAND PASS FILTER USING TIME DOMAIN APPROACH

1 2Ruchika Singh , Munish Vashisht1Research Scholar, Deptt. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, YMCA University of Science & Technology,

Faridabad. Email:[email protected] Professor, Deptt. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, YMCA University of Science & Technology,

Faridabad., [email protected]

Filter design is the process of designing a filter (in the sense in which the term is used in signal processing, statistics, and applied mathematics), often a linear shift-invariant filter, that satisfies a set of requirements, some of which are contradictory. The purpose is to find a realization of the filter that meets each of the requirements to a sufficient degree to make it useful. The filter design process can be described as an optimization problem where each requirement contributes with a term to an error function which should be minimized. Certain parts of the design process can be automated, but normally an experienced electrical engineer is needed to get a good result.

This paper deals with the design and implementation of IIR filter for wireless communication of a occupied channel. When a user of mobile occupies a channel, it assigns a range of frequencies for the same channel. For this purpose, we have designed a IIR filter to select a particular frequency range assigned to a particular channel. In our design, we have designed the appropriate type of band pass filter to implement this operation.

Keywords: IIR filter, Wireless communication, Band pass filter

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FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF BEAM

1 2 3Hasan Zakir Jafri , Prof. I.A. Khan and S.M. Muzakkir1Research Scholar, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi

2,3 Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-251Email: [email protected]

With the increasing demand for newer products, subsequent design changes and introduction of newer models, such as in case of automobile industry, there is a need of quick and reliable method of product design and analysis. The finite element Analysis (FEA) has gained a lot of popularity in the present scenario as they can be used for quick design and analysis. But the FE predictions are often called into question as they are, at times, in conflict with test results because of inaccuracies in FE models which can arise due to use of incorrect modeling of boundary conditions, incorrect modeling of joints, and difficulties in modeling of damping etc. This paper presents the work that shows the need of correct selection of finite elements and nodes in order to get a correct prediction of dynamic behavior of the body or machine part under consideration



which saves time and provides fairly good results. A Cantilever beam is modeled using Finite Element method using different nodes and elements and then the results are compared with analytical solution which shows that the significant error may arise in FE models. Thus there is a need of choosing the right elements and nodes while performing analysis, in order to predict the correct dynamic behaviour as the analytical results may not be available or may be too complex to obtain.

Keywords: FEM, ANSYS.

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DESIGN AND OPTIMISATION OF ROBOTIC GRIPPER: A REVIEW

1 2 3Vaibhav Raghav , Jitender Kumar and Shailesh S. Senger1,2,3Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCAUST, Faridabad

In this paper, the field of robotic gripper and the work in this area over the last two decades has been reviewed. In the recent past many different robot grippers have been developed to grasp one or a few specific objects. Those grippers are well suited for continuous work in structured environments. On the other hand, some researchers have focused their attention on sophisticated general purpose grippers having kinematics and dextrousness similar to the human hand. With the evolution of automation in industries, grasping become an important topic in robotics research community. The paper emphasis on study of current existing robotic grippers, their basic design and optimization of the same.

Keywords: Robotic gripper, Design, Flexibility, Optimization parameters

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THEME- III PRODUCTION ENGINEERING

ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING OF ALUMINIUM METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES- A REVIEW

1 2 3Bhaskar Chandra Kandpal *, Jatinder Kumar and Hari Singh1 Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Inderprastha Engineering College,Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh

2Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering,National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana.3Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering,National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana.

* Corresponding Author : E-mail address [email protected], Ph. No – 9717508244

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is the process of machining electrically conductive materials by using precisely controlled sparks that occur between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a dielectric fluid. Aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMCs) refer to the class of light weight high performance aluminium ceramic material systems. The reinforcement in AMMCs could be in the form of continuous / discontinuous fibres, whiskers or particulates, in volume fractions ranging from a few percent to 70%. These materials are extensively used in industry. Greater hardness and reinforcement makes it difficult to machine using traditional techniques, which has impeded the development of AMMCs. These materials can be machined by many non traditional methods like water jet and laser cutting but these processes are limited to linear cutting only. This paper presents a review of research work related to electrical discharge machining process of aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMCs).

Keywords- EDM (Electrical discharge machining), aluminium metal matrix composite (AMMC).

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MODELLING OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN WEDM FOR HSLA USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

1 2Neeraj Sharma *, Kamal Jangra1 2Research Scholar, Assistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, India, 121006

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Wire electric discharge machining (WEDM) is a spark erosion machining process to cut very hard conductive materials with the help of a wire electrode. High strength low alloy steel (HSLA) is a hard alloy with high hardness and wear resisting property. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of parameters on total surface roughness for WEDM using HSLA as work-piece. HSLA used in cars, trucks, cranes, bridges, roller coasters and other structures that are designed to handle large amounts of stress. It is found that total surface roughness (Rz) increases with increase in pulse on time, while it decreases with decrease in pulse off time, peak current, servo voltage and wire tension. In this research paper, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is used to formulate a mathematical model which correlates the independent process parameters with the desired surface roughness. The central composite rotatable design has been used to conduct the experiments.

Keywords: HSLA, RSM, total surface roughness, WEDM.

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E-MANUFACTURING CONCEPT: A REVIEW

1 2Naveen Virmani , Rajeev SahaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering

1Satyug Darshan Technical Campus, Faridabad (Haryana)[email protected] University of Science and Technology, Faridabad (Haryana)[email protected]

E-Manufacturing refers to the use of internet and web based applications to control production. Now-a-days, there is a challenge before manufacturing companies to make product on the fly that will attract new customer while retaining old customers also. Today the customer wants to get quality product and service without delay. Enterprises are integrating the e-manufacturing concept within their manufacturing facilities to harness the profits.

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INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF PROCESS PARAMETERS ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN WIRE ELECTRIC DISCHARGE MACHINING OF EN31 TOOL STEEL

1 2 3Dharmender , Rajeev Kumar and Anmol Bhatia1Research Scholar, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad ([email protected])

2Assistant Professor, IIMT College of Engineering, Greater Noida ([email protected])3Sr.Lecturer, Echelon Institute of Technology, Faridabad ([email protected])

Modernization of mechanical industry has lead to the increase in demand for hard and tough materials and thus various non traditional methods have been developed in order to machine such hard and tough materials. Wire Electric discharge machine is one of the most commonly used machine which is employed in machining of conductive metals of any hardness or that are difficult or impossible to cut with traditional methods. WEDM is one of the most popular machining methods in present industry which specializes in cutting complex shapes or geometries. The literature survey has revealed that very less work has been done in order to achieve optimal levels of process parameters for Tool Steel-En31 using Brass wire electrode.

This paper deals with the study the effect of different process parameters viz. peak current, pulse on time, pulse off time, Wire Tension on the response variable- Surface roughness using Brass wire electrode (0.25 mm diameter). Taguchi design methodology has been chosen for design of experiment and L9 orthogonal array has been selected for present study. In this study MINITAB software was used to find the effect of each parameter on response characteristic and to predict the setting of control parameters. ANNOVA and main effect plot have been used to find the significant process parameters and their effect on the response variables. The predicted optimal value of Surface Roughness is further verified by confirmation experiments.

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FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS: RECENT DEVELOPMENT AND TRENDS

Neeraj LambaAssistant professor, Shri Ram College of Engineering And Management Palwal

[email protected]

Implementing Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) has been motivated by the desired to respond more rapidly to dynamic changes both in demand and in product mix. There have been several successful implementation and the resulting improvements to product flow have been considerable. This paper describes the present development and trends of FMS. In this work attempts for defining the FMS, motivation for pursuing FMS, examples of FMS, implementation rate of FMS is investigated. The evidence suggests that in spite of a high degree of promise from FMS, the growth rate of FMS implementations is surprising low. The major reasons for this technical, cost and justification problems – are discussed and the main research/development issues arising are described. Finally, the trend in Flexible manufacturing Systems towards a



more gradualist approach, building up from Flexible manufacturing cells is also described.

Keywords: Flexible Manufacturing Systems, Automation, Manufacturing control, Robotics, Computer Integrated Manufacturing.

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COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING: A POWERFUL TECHNIQUE FOR IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY

Neeraj Lamba Assistant Professor, Shri Ram College of Engineering and Management Palwal

[email protected]

This paper emphasizes the significant role of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) to the national economy. Ranges of topics have been covered in this paper: CIM definition, history, organization, and application. Today's industry competes in a truly international marketplace. Efficient transportation networks have created a “world market” in which we participate on a daily basis. For any industrial country to compete in this market, it must have companies that provide economic high-quality products to their customers in a timely manner. The importance of integrating product design and process design to achieve design for production system cannot be overemphasized. However, even once a design is finalized, manufacturing industries must be willing to accommodate their customers by allowing last-minute engineering-design changes without affecting shipping schedules or altering product quality. Therefore, Most U.S.-based manufacturing companies look toward CAD/CAM and CIM to provide this flexibility in their manufacturing system. The Indian industry would have to change from a conventional manufacturing style to computer integrated manufacturing style in order to cope with the emerging market requirements. The paper discusses productivity improvement by using computer integrated manufacturing in India.

Keywords: Productivity Improvement, Computer integrated manufacturing [CIM].

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INFLUENCE OF DRILLING PARAMETERS ON THRUST FORCE IN DRILLING OF SiC AND GRAPHITE REINFORCED ALUMINIUM MATRIX COMPOSITES BY STEP DRILL

1 2 3A. Muniaraj , Sushil Lal Das and K. Palanikumarr 1Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai, India

2 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Jeppiaar Engineering College, Chennai, India3 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sai Ram Institute of Technology, Chennai, India

1 2 [email protected] , [email protected] and [email protected]

Hybrid metal matrix composites (MMCs) find diverse applications in many engineering fields. applications of these composite materials are among the most important developments in materials engineering in recent years. Metal matrix composites have became the necessary materials in various engineering applications like aerospace ,marine, automobile and turbine-compressor engineering applications, because of their light-weight, high strength, stiffness and resistance to high temperature. MMCs should continue to focus on two important aspects, including improving the properties of MMCs and finding more economical techniques to produce mmcs. Machining is a material removal process and therefore is important for the final fabrication stage prior to application, consequently the development of effective machining methods leading to a reduction. In overall cost of component is one of the major challenges yet to be solved. Drill geometry is considered the most important factor that affects drill performance. A major concern in drilling of composite materials is the delamination that occurs in the exit as well as in the entrance planes. The delamination damage caused by the tool thrust is known as one of the major concerns during the drilling process. This paper discusses the influence of cutting parameter on Thrust force of when drilling aluminum alloy reinforced with silicon carbide and graphite hybrid metal matrix composite. The experiments are conducted to study the effect of spindle speeds: 1000, 2000 and 3000 rpm, feed rate: 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15mm/rev and different diameter of drill: 4 mm, 8 mm and 12 mm. This study included dry drilling with TiN coated solid carbide step drills.



Keywords: Highbrid metal matrix composites, Drilling, Step drill, Thrust force

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MODELLING FOR MACHINING SPEED IN WEDM OF WC-5.3%CO COMPOSITE USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

1* 2Kamal Jangra , Sandeep Grover1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering,

YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, India-1210061 2Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a well known process for machining hard metal alloys and metal matrix composites. In this paper, four important WEDM parameters namely pulse-on time, pulse-off time, servo voltage and wire feed rate have been investigated and modelled for machining speed of WC-5.3%Co composite during rough cutting operation on WEDM. Using response surface methodology, face centered central composite design has been adopted to perform the experiments. Achieving higher machining speed is the main objective of rough cutting operation. Therefore, using desirability function, parameters have been predicted for maximizing the machining speed.

.Keywords: WEDM, Tungsten carbide, Machining speed, Response surface methodology

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EFFECT OF TOOL SHAPE ON TENSILE STRENGTH IN SINGLE AND SEQUENTIAL DOUBLE SIDED FRICTION STIR WELD ON AA1100 ALUMINUM ALLOY

1* 2 3Vinod Kumar , Kamal Jangra , Vikas Kumar1 2 3Research Scholar, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor

Department of Mechanical EngineeringYMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, India, 121006


In present work, an investigation has been carried out on friction stir welding (FSW) on AA1100 aluminium alloy using high carbon high chromium alloy steel tool. Four types of tool pin profiles namely straight cylindrical, threaded, triangular and square were investigated. Tool rotation and traverse speeds were kept constant at 1200 rpm and 20mm/min while shape of the tool and number of passes were two variables. Results show that maximum tensile strength occurs across the weld zone as compared to the parent material. Threaded tool pin profile exhibited superior tensile properties compared to other joints, irrespective of tool rotational speed in double pass. The joints fabricated by single pass have shown lower tensile strength and also percentage of elongation compared to the joints fabricated by double pass and this trend is common for all the tool profiles.

Keywords: Friction Stir Welding, Aluminium Alloy AA1100, Tensile strength

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STUDY OF VARIOUS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FIBER REINFORCED CAST IRON

1* 2 3Sanjay kumar , Vasdev Malhotra , Vikas Kumar1 2 3Research Scholar, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad1* 2 3 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

This paper is about the study of various mechanical properties of fiber reinforced cast iron by employing the gas metal arc welding technique. The welding joints were assessed by measuring the tensile strength. Some specimens were preheated to 275° C for 8 minute and their results were compared with those of unpreheated specimens. The weld joints were cooled in air and sand thus giving various cooling rates leading to different mechanical properties. The higher cooling rate produces joints of higher strength and hardness with lower elongation. Preheating improves the strength and elongation and lowers the hardness. This paper shows the properties of cast iron along with various important parameters.

Keyword: Strength, Joint, Properties, Cast iron.

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APPLICATION OF FIBER REINFORCED PLASTICS OR POLYMERS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING STRUCTURES

Meeta VermaAssociate Professor, Dronacharya College of Engg, Gurgaon

Engineers throughout the world including India have used FRP to solve their structural problems in an efficient and economical manner. In the field of Civil Engineering, most of the use of FRP is confined to repairing and strengthening of structures. FRPs offer an added advantage over conventional materials and methods of retrofitting. Like other materials, FRP also has its limitations. After presenting a brief review on these dimensions, this paper provides thorough information on the compatibility and application of FRP in Civil Engineering in India.

Keywords: Fiber Reinforced Plastics, structures

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ANALYSIS OF THE DEPTH OF PENETRATION USING AUTOMATIC ROBOTIC ARC WELDING SYSTEM

1 2 3Anees Ahmed , Dr. Sanjeev Kumar ,Ruchika Singh1Student (M.Tech), Automation & Robotics, Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad

2Associate Professor, Deptt. of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad,3Associate Professor, Deptt. of EN, Krishna Institute of Engineering & Technology, Ghaziabad

1 2 [email protected], [email protected]

This paper presents an automatic arc welding system used for the analysis of the depth of penetration on different specimens welded at different welding speed. Automatic arc welding system has been designed using mainly a six axes vertically articulated robot, Jigs/fixtures Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Human Machine Interface and electrical control panel. Electrical control panel has been used to control the arc welding robot and jigs/fixtures. The basic system controlling diagram has been presented with I/O address assignment table. The design of jigs/fixtures has been carried out and selection of servo motors/drives, arc welding robot, PLC has been made. In this paper, a system has been presented and demonstrated to assist and simplify industrial welding procedures. The welding current, arc voltage, welding speed and heat input rate are chosen as welding parameters. Analysis of depth of penetration of welded specimen has been carried out varying the welding speed. The depth of penetration was measured for each specimen (butt joint) after each weld cycle by varying the



welding speed. A brief overview of actual state of the art about robotic welding technology is presented. HMI has been used to monitor welding process and to display the corresponding status.

Keywords : Programmable Logic Controller, Arc Welding Robot, Jigs and Fixtures, Human Machine Interface.

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APPLICATION OF TAGUCHI METHOD AND GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS IN OPTIMIZATION OF MACHINING PROCESSES: A REVIEW

1 2 3Parveen Kamboj *, Sunil Kumar , Kamal Jangra1 JCDM College of Engieering, Sirsa, Haryana

2Yadavindra College of Engineering, Guru Kashi Campus, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab3 YMCA Univrsity of Science and Technology, Faridabad, Haryana

*Email: [email protected]

Optimization of process parameters is a key objective of manufacturers for generating components with high productivity and low cost. Taguchi method is an effective tool for optimizing process parameters for single performance characteristic only, while Grey relational analysis (GRA) can be combined with Taguchi method for optimizing multiple-performance characteristics. This paper presents the application of Taguchi and GRA technique in various machining processes including conventional and non conventional processes.

Keywords: Taguchi method, Grey relational analysis, Parameters optimization

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TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF POLARITY AND CURRENT DURING ELECTRIC DISCHARGE MACHINING OF INCONEL 718 WITH CUW POWDER METALLURGY

ELECTRODE

Naveen Beri, Harish Pungotra, Anil KumarDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur, Punjab

E-mail:- [email protected]

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is one of the earliest non-traditional machining processes which have been widely used to produce dies, molds and finishing parts for aerospace and automotive industry. In recent years, powder metallurgy processed electrodes have found wide application as an alternative tooling for EDM. In the present experimental study an attempt has been made to study the effect of electrode polarity and current during electrical discharge machining of Inconel 718 alloy steel with copper tungsten (PM) processed electrode. The response parameters selected for the study are material removal rate (MRR) surface roughness (SR) Ra Value, tool wear rate (TWR) and Change in Surface Roughness (SR) Ra Value of electrode before and after machining.

Keywords : Electrical discharge machining (EDM), powder metallurgy (PM), material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness and tool wear rate (TWR).

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EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATIONS ON SURFACE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN ALUMINIUM POWDER MIXED AEDM OF NICKEL BASED SUPER ALLOY 718 WITH

CRYOGENICALLY TREATED COPPER ELECTRODE

1Anil Kumar , Naveen Beri , Harish PungotraDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur, Punjab.

1Email : [email protected]

In this experimental study attempt has been made to realize potential in enhancing surface quality with fine aluminum additives powders in AEDM of nickel based super alloy Inconel 718. L36 Orthogonal Array has been selected to conduct and analyze experiments based on Taguchi methodology. Peak current, pulse on time, duty cycle, gap voltage, retract distance, concentration of fine aluminum powder added into the dielectric fluid are chosen as input process variables to study performance in terms of surface roughness using copper and deep cryogenically treated copper electrode. It is observed that addition of 6g/l of fine aluminium powder and cryogenically treated copper electrode improves the surface finish appreciably. The same has been supported by SEM analysis of machined surface. The recommended best parametric settings for minimum surface roughness have been verified by conducting confirmation experiments.

Key words: AEDM, Taguchi methodology, Orthogonal Array, surface roughness

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DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF CELLULAR LAYOUT FOR MACHINING AXLE HOUSING AND CARRIER COMPONENT

1 2 3Bommireddy G.K , Dr DN Shivappa ,Chethan C N1 2PG Student, Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sir M. Visvesvarya Institute of Technology,

Bangalore,3Divisional Manager, Shakti precision component India Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore

A new cellular layout for machining of Axle Housing and Carrier Component was designed and developed for Shakti Precision Components India Pvt Ltd Bangalore. Company is doing machining operations in 4 cells at existing layout, out of 4 cells it was found that TAFE cell is more congested. Extensive study of existing TAFE cell has been carried out to understand the cycle time, loading and unloading time, issues related to line balancing of machining operations and WIP inventory. Study has revealed that this cell is over loaded and has bottlenecks such as higher WIP inventory, unbalanced loading etc and it was decided that machining operations of Axle Housing and Carrier Component are to be separated from this cell. And for machining of these components it was found appropriate to establish One-Piece Flow Cellular layout, accordingly a suitable cellular layout was developed.

Keywords: Machining operations, Line balancing, One-piece flow, Cellular Layout, Axle Housing, Carrier Component, Takt time

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EFFECT OF INCLUSION ON FRACTURE BEHAVIOR OF VISCOELASTIC MATERIALS

1 2 3Dhairya Partap Singh , Mahesh Chand , Varun Chhabra1,2YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad3B.S.A. College of Engineering and Technology, Mathura

1 2 3Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

This paper deals with a finite element analysis of crack opening displacement and the effect of inclusions on fracture behavior of viscoelastic materials. A finite element model of edge crack is established for the planar fracture problems of linear viscoelastic medium. This finite element model describes time-dependent deformation behavior of viscoelastic

2 3



materials with changing microstructures. Finite element software Abaqus has been used with time- dependent material parameters. The numerical example shows that the present results are in good arrangement with those analytical.

Keywords- Finite element method (FEM), Linear viscoelasticity, Inclusion, Crack opening displacement, Abaqus.

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COMPOUND CASTING - A LITERATURE REVIEW

1 2 3 4Rajender Kumar Tayal , Vikram Singh , Sudhir Kumar , Rohit Garg1 Lecturer, Deptt. of Mechanical Engineering,Government Polytechnic, Sirsa (Haryana)

Email: [email protected] Professor in Deptt. of Mechanical Engineering,

YMCAUST, Faridabad, Haryana, Email: [email protected] Professor in Deptt. Of Mechanical Engineering,

NIET, Greater Noida(U.P), India Email: [email protected], Indus Institute of Engineering& Technology, Jind (Haryana),

Email: [email protected]

The lightweight construction philosophy is based on the principle of making the best possible use of the material. Whenever a single material does not satisfy the demands of a specific application, compound structures may generate a solution. Especially in lightweight construction, a multi-material-mix can provide ideal specific properties that are suitable for the conditions to which a part is subjected. Typically such combinations of dissimilar materials provide desired properties in various areas of the single part. Compound casting is a process, which yields such multimaterial components. The technique is not much old and a few researchers have worked on it. However, the paper presents a recent reviews of literature on compound casting. In this paper, the literature on compound casting is reviewed in a way that would help researchers, academicians and practitioners to take a closer look at the growth, development and applicability of this technique. The review aims at providing an insight into the compound casting process backgrounds and shows the great potential for further investigations and innovation in the field. The survey of existing works has revealed several gaps in the fields of substrate pretreatments, continuous flow behavior of metal during the process, correlation between mechanical and geometrical part properties, and industrial application of some advanced processes.

Keywords: Compound casting, Literature, Interface

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EFFECT OF WEDM PARAMETERS ON MACHINABILITY OF NIMONIC-90

1 2 3Vinod Kumar , Kamal Jangra , Vikas Kumar1 2 3Research Scholar, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering|YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, India, 121006


Nimonic-90 is a nickel based super alloy which is specifically used in aerospace industry for jet engines, valves, blades etc owing to its high strength at high temperature, fatigue and corrosion resistance. Present work focuses on machinability of Nimonic-90 with wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process. Cutting speed is considered as machinability attribute in present work. Influence of WEDM parameters namely discharge current (Ip), pulse on time (Ton), pulse off time (Toff), servo voltage (SV) and wire feed rate (WF) has been investigated on cutting speed of Nimonic-90.

Keywords: WEDM, Nimonic-90, cutting speed

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EVALUATION OF ELECTRO DISCHARGE SAWING, A MODIFIED ELECTRO DISCHARGE MACHINING PROCESS

1 2 3 4Kalley Harinarayana , T.Raghavender Reddy , Dr.N.Nagabhushana Ramesh , Dr.B.Balu Naik1Research Scholar, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, A.P.,

( [email protected])2 Asst. Secretary, State Board of Technical Education and Training, Andhra Pradesh

( [email protected])3,4 Professor , CMR Engineering College, Hyderabad, A.P.,

( [email protected] [email protected])

Electro Discharge Sawing is a hybrid process combining the features of EDM and ECM. Its major characteristic is extremely fast erosion rate compared to either of the above processes. This paper brings out its relative features associated with erosion mechanism, erosion rate and surface finish and the controlling process parameters.

Keywords: Electrodischarge sawing, erosion rate, surface finish

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ANALYSIS ON THE STUDY OF CHANGES IN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Al6063-SiC

1 2 3*Mandeep Singh , Jaspreet Singh , Dipak Narang*1B.Tech Student,

*1Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, (Ambala)India,[email protected] , 2 M. Tech Student P.C.E.T. Lalru, [email protected],

3 A.P, PCET Lalru Email :[email protected]

The unique tolerability of the composite materials for the specific requirements make these materials more popular in a variety of applications such as aerospace, automotive (pistons, cylinder liners, and bearings), and structural components, resulting in savings of money, material, and energy. In this paper; fabrication of aluminium metal matrix composite (MMC) is prepared by liquid metallurgy route (stir casting technique). The objective of this experimental investigation is to produce two different metal matrix composite (MMC) specimens using Al6063 as a base material which reinforced with a ceramic additive (silicon carbide SiC, with grain size 1000 mesh) with same volume fraction of 10% by wt. By the addition of SiCp particulates into the alloy of base metal Al6063; it was found increased value of the ultimate tensile strength, and hardness and decrease elongation of the composites. It was also investigated that the composite poured from lower layer (lower half) of melted matrix from crucible were with less values of tensile strength and hardness as compared to the composite poured from upper layer (upper half).

Keywords: Composite materials; Liquid state mixing; Mechanical properties;

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FRICTION STIR WELDING OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY AND ITS TENSILE PROPERTIES

1 2Sandhya Dixit , M.L.Aggarwal1 2Assistant Professor, Professor


Aluminium alloys have gathered wide acceptance in the fabrication of light weight structures requiring a high strength-to-weight ratio. Compared to many fusion welding processes that are routinely used for joining structural aluminium alloys, friction stir welding (FSW) process is an emerging solid state joining process in which the material that is being welded does not melt and recast. The welding parameters and the tool pin profile play a major role in deciding the weld quality. In this paper an attempt has been made to understand the influences of rotational speed, welding speed and pin shoulder diameter of the tool on friction stir processed (FSP) zone formation in AA1200 aluminium alloy. Two different tool shoulder diameters (



20 mm and 10 mm ) have been used to fabricate the joints at two different tool rotational speeds (2000 rpm and 1400 rpm) and two different welding speeds ( 20 mm/minute and 10 mm/minute). Tensile properties of the joints have been evaluated to find the ultimate tensile strength of the welded specimen.

Keywords: Friction stir welding

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INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE WRINKLING BEHAVIOUR OF DEEP DRAWN DIE SHEET METAL COMPONENT BY USING FAST FORM

1 2Surya Prakash , Dinesh Kumar1, 2 Mechanical Engineering Deptt, ITM University, Gurgaon, Haryana

Email: [email protected], +91-9718238577

The manual design of any type of drawing die is complicated and tedious procedure, In spite of all precautionary measures there are several chances of denting, cracking and wrinkling which needs to be rectified. As the design and development of sheet metal deep drawn die is a comprehensive technique which needs accuracy in the apprehension of working for high order and its rectification in forming process. The appearance of dimensional deviations of shape and position, of the defects in the metal sheets that have been subjected to a cold plastic deformation process, represents a critical problem for the specific industry, especially for the mass production, like the machine manufacturing industry. Thus, there arises the need for development of a system for manufacturing wrinkle free surface of deep drawn components. The complex forces act on the sheet metal blank during drawing are so unpredictable that they are difficult to determine manually and mathematically. These forces cause wrinkles and other defects on the surface of the wall of component. The aim of this publication is to present the principal aspects and investigation that effect wrinkling. Firstly component 3D-modeled in CATIA for analyzing for detecting wrinkle prone area by using fast form software. The input to software comprises of initial graphics exchange system .Cold rolled extra deep drawing quality material of sheet metal component has been utilize. The out put in form of results received regarding wrinkle prone area are found in closed agreement matching with the practical results. One can therefore easily predict and detect the tendency of expected wrinkle formation and stress distribution in any drawn component. Some methods for preventing wrinkling in deep drawn part are also suggested.

Keywords: Wrinkles, Forming, Sheet Metal, Deep Drawing,

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MODELING OF Al-20 wt.% SiCp METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE USING SURFACE-ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE DIAMOND GRINDING PROCESS

1* 2Shyam Sunder , Vinod Yadava1 Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, B.S.A. College of Engineering and Technology, Mathura

- 281004, Uttar Pradesh, India, E mail: [email protected], Department of Mechanical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad -

211004, Uttar Pradesh, India

This paper reports the development of an artificial neural network (ANN) model for surface-electro-discharge diamond grinding (EDDSG) process to correlate the input process parameters namely current, pulse on-time, wheel speed, and duty factor, on output process parameters namely material removal rate (MRR) and average surface roughness (Ra). Experiments were carried out on newly self developed surface grinding setup for electro-discharge diamond grinding (EDDG) process. The experimentations are planned as per L9 orthogonal array with three levels defined for each of the factors in order to develop the data base for artificial neural network (ANN) training using error back-propagation training algorithm (EBPTA). The details of experimentation, ANN training and validation are also presented in this paper. The ANN back propagation algorithm with four inputs two outputs and one hidden layer with 26 neurons have been proposed to establish the process model. The model after proper training is capable of predicting the response parameter.

Keywords: EDDG, ANN, Hybrid processes, Metal matrix composite.

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ROLE OF IT IN MANUFACTURING SECTOR

Amandeep Singh WadhwaAssistant Professor, UIET, PU, Chandigarh

Today's manufacturing enterprise, whether it produces consumer goods or weapons systems, must often juggle a range of conflicting demands. Smaller lot sizes, increased product flexibility, higher product quality, decreased delivery time, and smaller profit margins are typical of the ambitious goals in many such organizations. Through it all, the enterprise must consistently aim for the five R's-- produce the right product, with the right quality, in the right quantity, at the right price, and at the right time-- and it must do more than satisfy its customers; it must delight them. Correct and timely information is key to meeting these goals, and information technology-- database management systems, enterprise resource planning systems, and simulation and computer-aided design tools-- has become indispensable to most manufacturing enterprises. Although its role in manufacturing has been more to support processes, IT is evolving to become a catalyst for process and product change.

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OPTIMIZING SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF HIGH DIE STEEL H13 IN CNC MILLING USING TAGUCHI TECHNIQUE

1 2 3 4Mandeep Chahal , Vikram Singh , Rohit Garg , Sudhir Kumar1 Asstt. Professor in Deptt. of Mechanical Engineering,

HCTM, Kaithal (Haryana), India Email: [email protected] Professor in Deptt. Of Mechanical Engineering,YMCAUST, Faridabad (Haryana), India

Email: [email protected], Indus Institute of Engineering& Technology, Jind (Haryana),Email: [email protected]

4 Professor in Deptt. Of Mechanical Engineering,NIET, Greater Noida(U.P), India Email: [email protected]

This experiment gives the effect of different machining parameters (cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut) on Surface Roughness in end milling. Taguchi technique is being used for the various calculations. The study was conducted in machining operation for hardened die steel H-13. The processing of the job was done by solid carbide four flute end-mill tool under finishing conditions. L-9 standard orthogonal array is used for calculation of no. of variables and no. of levels. Signal to Noise Ratio and ANOVA techniques are used to draw the graphs and come to the results.

Key words: CNC Milling, Surface Roughness (SR), ANOVA, S/N Ratio

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A REVIEW ON PROCESS PARAMETERS OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR ADVANCED MACHINING PROCESSES

S. Kumar

Department of Mechanical Engineering,YMCA University of Science & Technology Faridabad, Haryana, India.


In this paper an attempt is made to review the literature on Optimization of process parameters of advanced machining processes. Generally, unconventional or advanced machining processes (AMPs) are used only when no other traditional machining process can meet the necessary requirements efficiently and economically because use of most of AMPs incurs relatively higher initial investment, maintenance, operating, and tooling costs. Therefore, optimum choice of the process parameters is essential for the economic, efficient, and effective utilization of these processes. Process parameters of AMPs are generally selected either based on the experience, and expertise of the operator or from the propriety machining handbooks. In most of the cases, selected parameters are conservative and far from the optimum. This hinders optimum utilization of the process capabilities. Selecting optimum values of process parameters without optimization requires



elaborate experimentation which is costly, time consuming, and tedious. Process parameters optimization of AMPs is essential for exploiting their potentials and capabilities to the fullest extent economically.

Various conventional techniques employed for machining optimization include geometric programming, geometric plus linear programming, goal programming, sequential unconstrained minimization technique, dynamic programming etc. The latest techniques for optimization include fuzzy logic, scatter search technique, genetic algorithm, and Taguchi technique and response surface methodology.

Keywords: Advanced machining processes (AMPs), Machining optimization; goal programming; fuzzy logic; genetic algorithms; Taguchi technique; response surface methodology.

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AN ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND MACHINABILITY OF Al-Fe-Si ALLOYS

1* 2 3 4Kanwar Pal , Sombir Sharma , B.N.Pathak , Arvind Kumar1,2BRCMCET, Bahal, Bhiwani,

3IMSCET, Ghaziabad4YMCAUST,Faridabad

*Corresponding author- e-mail: [email protected]

Machining operations plays the key role in the manufacturing industry since the industrial revolution. Manufacturing industries strive to achieve minimum cost of production with a maximum production rate. Machinability is one of the important parameter that is related to all phases of manufacturing. Machinability is influenced by a number of variables, such as the inherent properties or characteristics of the work materials, cutting tool material, tool geometry, the nature of tool engagement with the work, cutting conditions, type of cutting, cutting fluid, and machine tool rigidity and its capacity. Tool life is affected by machinability of the material at different speeds and temperatures. Worldwide research is going on to improve the machinability of the existing materials or to develop new materials with similar properties and improved machinability. Present work is carried out to improve the machinability of an aluminium based alloy (Al-Fe-Si) with an aim to optimize the effecting parameters. The surface roughness and machinability of the material with variation of ferrous percentage is tested and the results are produced.

Key words: Machinability, surface roughness, Al-Fe-Si alloy.

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MACHINING CHARACTERISTICS OF BOROSILICATE GLASS USING TRAVELING WIRE ELECTRO-CHEMICAL SPARK MACHINING (TW-ECSM) PROCESS

1 2*Basanta Kumar Bhuyan , Vinod Yadava1,2Mechanical Engineering Department, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India

1 2*E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Machining of borosilicate glass is a challenging task for manufacturing engineers from the quality and accuracy point of view. Traveling Wire Electro-Chemical Spark Machining (TW-ECSM) is an emerging technique in the field of non-conventional machining to machine electrically non-conductive materials. It is a hybrid process which combines features of Electro Chemical Machining (ECM) and Wire Electro Discharge Machining (WEDM). An experimental setup has been developed and employed for machining of borosilicate glass which was used as workpiece. In the present paper only the machining characteristics of non-conductive material is reported. Experiments were also conducted to analysis the effects of supply voltage, pulse on-time and electrolyte concentration on the material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra). Material removal rate and surface roughness are found to increase with increase in supply voltage and pulse on-time. But MRR and Ra increase with increase in electrolyte concentration at certain value (20%), beyond that value it decreases.

Keywords: TW-ECSM, Borosilicate Glass, MRR and Ra

***34



MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRICTION STIR WELDED DISSIMILAR METALS

1* 2 3Ratnesh Kumar Raj Singh , Rajesh Prasad , Sunil Pandey1Research Scholar, IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India

2Associate Professor, Department of Applied Mechanics, IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India3Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India

The aim of present study was to analyse the influence of the microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir welded butt joint of 6101 aluminium alloy and pure copper plates in 3 mm thickness. With this aim, welds were produced using Tungsten Carbide tools, with a cylindrical pin tool having 5 mm and 20 mm diameter of pin and shoulder respectively. Copper plates were kept in advancing side of weld. The microstructure of weld were studied by optical microscopy and grain size in different regions were analyze. Vicker's microhardness test (as per ASTM E384-89) were done in transverse direction of weld to check the hardness distribution in weld nugget. Transverse tensile test (as per ASTM E8 M) were performed to evaluate the weakest portion of weld joints. Scanning Electron Microscope were used to observe the fracture surfaces. EDAX analysis were done to find out the mixing characteristic of two metals.

Key words: Friction Stir Welding, Aluminium alloy, Pure Copper, Hardness, Tensile testing

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MICROSTRUCTURE AND WELDABILITY EVALUATION OF DISSIMILAR METAL JOINT USING PASTE TECHNIQUE FOR BUTTERING LAYERS

1 2 3Dinesh Rathod , Hariom Choudhary , Sunil Pandey1 Research Scholar, [email protected]

2 3Research Scholar, Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Delhi

The main objective of present work was to study the micro-structural changes due to buttering deposit on AISI 1020 steel for dissimilar metal joint of AISI 1020 steel to SS 304 steel. Dissimilar metal joints are extensively used in many industrial applications but due to weldability related issues, they cannot perform satisfactory life. The difference in chemical composition, coefficient of thermal expansion and mechanical properties affects the weldability of the joint. For maintaining elemental compatibility, buttering technique is often used for such joint. It is quite difficult to select the consumables for the buttering layers, which will satisfy the requirement of desirable chemical composition. Carbon migration is one of the major causes for buttering layer deposits. Nickel act as a barrier for carbon migration, so paste technique was used to deposit the buttering layer. The paste was prepared with Nickel powder, ferro-vanadium and ferro-titanium powders and deposited using Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding and Shielded Metal Arc (SMAW) welding. Subsequent layer deposit was made using SMAW using Inconel 182 consumables. Weld joint was prepared between said base metals using SMAW process and Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding. Micro-structural analysis and micro-hardness analysis were carried out. Nickel rich paste layer deposited using TIG observed micro-cracks or solidification cracks. When deposited with SMAW, due to dilution effect, nickel composition reduced and ferrite content changes in buttering layer hence no any cracks observed. Nickel paste with controlled parameters with direct deposit using SMAW can be successfully applied for such dissimilar metal joints.

Keywords: Paste technique, Dissimilar Metal Joint, Buttering, Carbon migration, welding

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ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE GRINDING (EDG): A REVIEW

1* 2Ravindra Nath Yadav ,Vinod YadavaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India

*Corresponding author; Email: *[email protected]; [email protected]

The machining of thin and fragile material is very difficult for manufacturing industries and rapid demand of requirement could not be achieved. Electrical discharge machining is more acceptable machine tool for machining hard and brittle electrically conductive materials but its productivity is very slow. In past decade, researchers are focus on electrical



discharge grinding (EDG) for machining these material because there is no mechanical forces exerted on workpiece during machining and it gives better performances than EDM due to the rotating speed of wheel. The aim of this paper is to summarize a review on EDG process along with developments in same area and also focus on the future research scope in the same area.

Keywords: Electrical discharge Machining (EDM), Electrical discharge grinding (EDG), ED milling

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EFFECT OF Ni-20Mg TREATMENT OF Al-2Fe-1V-1Si ALLOY ON ITS MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

1* 2 3B. N. Pathak , Dr. K. L. Sahoo , Dr. M. N. Mishra1 Ph.D Scholar, DCRUST Murthal, Sonepat, Haryana, (Asstt. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,

IMS Engineering College, Adhyatmik Nagar, Ghaziabad)2 Senior Scientist, Metal Extraction & Forming Division, National Metallurgical Laboratory,

Jamshedpur 831007, Jharkhand, India3 Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, DCRUST, Murthal, Haryana,

*Corresponding author: [email protected], [email protected],

The paper deals with microstructure and mechanical properties of unmodified Al-2Fe-1V-1Si and modification with 1% (Ni-20Mg) Al-2Fe-1V-1Si alloys. The alloys were prepared in a resistance heating furnace and cast in a permanent mould to prepare the samples. Metallographic sample were prepared and microstructure was recorded by optical microscope and SEM. The microstructure of Al-2Fe-1V-1Si alloy shows primary and intermetallic inerdendritic phases are present. The melt is treated with Ni-Mg master alloy in order to change the morphology, size and distribution of the primary as well as interdendritic phases. By observing the microstructure of the alloys, it has been seen that with addition of Ni-Mg master alloy the grain refinement and phase modification occurs. In comparison to untreatable alloy, there is an improvement in mechanical properties on modification by Ni-Mg treatment.

Keywords: Al-2Fe-1V-1Si alloy, Mg treatment, Microstructure, Hardness, Tensile Strength.

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IMPACT OF SHOT PEENING AND HEAT TREATMENT PROCESS ON SURFACE HARDENING OF WELDED 304 L AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL

1* 2 3Lakhwinder Singh1 , R.A. Khan , M.L. Aggarwal1 Associate Professor, Deptt. of Mechanical Engineering , YMCA University of Science & Technology,

Faridabad-121006,2 Professor, Deptt. of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering & Technology, Galgotias University,

Greater Noida,3 Professor, Deptt. of Mechanical Engineering , YMCA University of Science & Technology,

Faridabad-121006,

Heat treatment process like case carburizing & nitriding and cold working process like shot peening are the most widely used processes for surface hardening of welded components used in structures, automobiles, heavy duty machines, etc. In case carburizing and nitriding of steel components the composition of the surface changes by the diffusion of carbon and nitrogen respectively and results in a hard outer surface with good wear resistance properties. Similarly shot peening improves the surface characteristics by deforming the surface layer by the shots. In the present paper a controlled nitriding, case carburizing and shot peening processes are discussed for welded 304L austenitic stainless steel. There impact is determined on the surface hardness and corrosion resistance of the welded joint. Vickers' hardness and salt spray test were carried out for the above-mentioned welded stainless steels before and after diffusion hardening.

Keywords: Shot Peening, Nitriding, Case carburizing, Austenitic stainless steel.

***36



SENSITIVE ANALYSIS OF EDM PROCESS USING DIGRAPH APPROACH

1 2 3Madan Gopal , Naresh Yadav , Bhupender Singh1 2 3 Research Scholar Workshop Supdtt. Asst.Professor

YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, India

A number of computationally efficient optimization tools are being developed now a day, but the numerical tools for multi-criterion optimization problems have their own significance. The present work aims beyond the approaches use for such optimization problems. In order to justify the related work, the author has chosen a machining method, known as Electric Discharge Machining process. This paper, in particular, shows the potentiality of graph theory and matrix approach for the analysis, evaluation, selection and optimization of manufacturing systems and processes The work contained relationships establishment between the various input variables and parameters for the EDM machine.The results have been obtained for the given set of constraints and the individual objective functions and are compared to those obtained by using Graph theory

Keywords: EDM, graph Theory

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MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF HAZ IN SUBMERGED ARC WELDING PROCESS USING FACTORIAL DESIGN TECHNIQUE

1 2 3Hari Om , Sunil Pandey , Dinesh Rathod1Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad,Email:

[email protected] of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,

(Presently Director, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering &Technology, Sangrur, Punjab)3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,

Submerged arc welding (SAW), a fusion joining process is known for its high deposition capabilities. This process is useful in joining thick sections used in various industries. High deposition rates are obtained because high welding current level can be used with this process. Besides joining, SAW is also used for surfacing applications. Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) produced within the base metal and around the fused metal as a result of large heat input is of big concern since it affects the performance of welded/surfaced structure in service due to metallurgical changes in the base metal /substrate. This work was carried out to investigate the effect of polarity and other SAW parameters on HAZ size. Empirical models have been developed using fractional factorial design technique.

Keywords: Submerged arc welding, Weld Dilution, Electrode Polarity. Heat Affected Zone

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CONSUMPTION AND MANUFACTURING FOR THE FUTURE CHALLENGES – “THE SUSTAINABLE WAY”

1, 2Subrata Kumar Patra Tilak Raj1 2Research Scholar, Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering,YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad1 2E-mail: [email protected], E-mail: [email protected]

From the dawn of creation, mankind has struggled and competed with other species on this planet for its existence. By relentless efforts and innovations, the human population has moved to the present arena of luxuries and comforts. Of late, it has been realized that one of the worst problems faced by us is that of the “population explosion” and its “by-products”. In this context one of the biggest challenges that we are facing now, is the exponential but quantitative increase of the necessity of various products for fulfilling our requirements. Fulfillment of these requirements can only be achieved through the



efficient use of energy. This requires an in-depth analysis of the process of degradation of energy. This paper stresses the importance of 'sustainable' processes and delves into the scary future lest we do not act today. An abridged historical review of the importance of 'sustainability' is also provided. Immediate but pro-active steps have to be taken to reduce the intense stress on the existing resources which is being aggravated due to increased demand being met by mindless development for short term gains.

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FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING OF TUBE HYDROFORMING PROCESS USING PURE ALUMINIUM (Al 99)

1 2 3Dhairya Pratap Singh , Jitendra Kumar Verma , Dilip Johari1 PhD Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering

YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad, Email: [email protected],3M.Tech Student Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational University, Agra, U.P.,

1 2Email: [email protected] [email protected]

Hydroforming process may be defined as a metal forming technology using hydraulic or fluid pressure to deform the tubes and sheet. Increasing use of hydroforming in automotive applications requires intensive research and development on all aspects of this relatively new technology to satisfy an ever-increasing demand by the industry. Tube hydroforming process and sheet hydroforming process are some variations of hydroforming process. Tube hydroforming is one of the most popular unconventional metal forming processes which is widely used to form various tubular components. By this process, tubes are formed into different shapes using internal pressure and axial compressive loads simultaneously to force a tubular blank to conform to the shape of a given die cavity. Initially, Factors affecting the output of the process are reviewed in the paper. Moreover, common types of failure of the process are introduced and improvements to avoid them are also mentioned. Review of sheet hydroforming process is also done. Comparison of conventional deep drawing process and deep drawing process with hydroforming process is done. S-shape rail is simulated in FORGE 2011.Pure Aluminium is used as tube material to form double T-joint under different friction conditions is simulated using Forge 2011 and results are analysed.

Keywords: Hydroforming Process, Tube Hydroforming Process, Sheet Hydroforming Process, Finite Element Modeling (FEM), Deformation behaviour, Friction

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NANO MATERIALS, SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND PHOTOLUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF Ca V O : Eu NANOMATERIALS2 2 7

1 2*Avni Khatkar , S.P. Khatkar1,2UIET, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak – 124001, India

*Corresponding Author: Tel: +91 9813805666

Email address: [email protected]

A solution combustion route for the synthesis of Eu3+-activated Ca2V O nanomaterials using carbohydrazide fuel and 2 7

their photoluminescent properties have been investigated. Structure and luminescent characteristics of as prepared and post heat-treated at different temperatures with different mole % of Eu3+ doped Ca2V2O7 nanomaterials have been studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD), fluorescence spectrometry (PL) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The incorporation of Eu3+ activator in these nanoparticles has been checked by luminescence characteristics. These particles have displayed excellent red color under a UV source which is due to characteristics transition of Eu3+ from 5D0 → 7F2 transition. The excitation spectra shows a dominant broad band corresponding to CT transitions from Eu3+-O2- group and sharp peaks in the higher wavelength range due to the intrinsic excitation bands of Eu3+. These materials have potential applications in optics, optoelectronics technology and display panels.

Keywords:- Nanomaterials; Carbohydrazide; Ca2V O : Eu 2 7

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A STUDY OF RECENT TRENDS IN FRICTION STIR WELDING

1 2 3Rajan , Shailesh S. Sengar , Jitender Kumar1,2,3 M.tech Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCAUST Faridabad

This paper deals with the fundamental understanding of friction stir welding process. Friction stir welding is one of the most economical and highly efficient methods in joining similar and dissimilar metals. Most

commercial FSW applications use simple butt joint like circular cross section and alternative designs such as

T-sections, ? -section, triangular Geometry and corner welds are very rarely welded. The focus of this paper is on mechanism of FSW, influence of parameters, heat generation in the process, understanding the deformation, microstructure and the properties of similar and dissimilar welded materials. This review paper will cover relevant published work conducted to date on FSW.

Keywords: FSW, LSW, FSSW, ERHAFW

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THERMAL MODELING AND FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF ELECTRO-CHEMICAL SPARK MACHINING (ECSM)

1 2Gaurav Kumar Sharma , Audhesh Narayan1,2 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad-2110041 2Email: [email protected], Email: [email protected]

The key to achieve good surface integrity in the workpiece due to Electro-chemical spark machining (ECSM ) process, which is hybrid of ECM and EDM, is by preventing the excessive temperature and thermal stress generated during the process. The present work involves in the development of a simulation model to simulate the complex ECSM process which consists of simulation of each constituent process namely EDM and ECM for temperature and thermal stress distribution. In order to simulate the realistic complex conditions the three dimensional FEM is used in the process of development of the simulation model accounting the random occurrence of the spark during EDM. It is observed that the spark contributes primarily to the temperature and tensile thermal stresses are created near the top surface of the workpiece. Thermal stress distribution holds the vital information about the surface integrity and surface quality.

Keywords: Electro-chemical spark machining (ECSM), EDM, Hybrid machining, FEM

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A DETAILED REVIEW OF THE CURRENT RESEARCH TRENDS IN ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING (EDM)

Sumit GangulyAssistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lingayas University, Faridabad,

Nachauli, Jasana, Faridabad, Haryana, Email: [email protected]

Mobile Phone No: 9899677962, 9211891433

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a non-traditional concept of machining which has been widely used to produce dies and molds. It is also used for finishing parts for aerospace and automotive industry and surgical components Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is one of the earliest non-traditional machining processes. EDM process is based on thermoelectric energy between the work piece and an electrode. A pulse discharge occurs in a small gap between the work piece and the electrode and removes the unwanted material from the parent metal through melting and vaporising. The electrode and the work piece must have electrical conductivity in order to generate the spark.



The detailed study presented in this paper is on current EDM research trends carried out by researchers on machining techniques viz. sinker EDM machining, dry EDM machining, wire EDM, EDM for small hole drilling and EDM in water and modeling techniques in predicting EDM performances. The areas are selected because of the novel techniques employed, the environmental aspect and effort towards validating and predicting EDM performance. Each topic will present the activities carried out by the researchers and the development of the area that brings it to the current trends.

Keywords: Sinker EDM, dry EDM machining, wire EDM, EDM in water, modeling techniques.

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HARDNESS IMPROVEMENT OF DISSIMILAR METAL STAINLESS STEEL (A304) AND MILD STEEL BY TIG WELDING.

1 # 2 Rakesh Kumar Manmeet ShergillDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, SLIET, Longowal, India.#Corresponding Author, E-mail address: [email protected]

Tel.:+91-1672-256349; Fax: +91-1672-280057

Recently more stress is given on welding of dissimilar metals. In this study joining of stainless steel A304 with low alloy steel has been optimized by using TIG Welding process. The electrode diameter, Filler Wire electrode diameter, Welding current & Argon gas flow rate were identified as most important control factors for manual TIG welding. The orthogonal arrays L18 (2)¹. (3)7 were selected for optimizing weld bead Hardness. It has been found that these parameters affect the weld quality significantly and their levels have been optimized after doing confirmation experimentation. The increase in hardness was found by 36.4 %.

Keywords: Dissimilar metals welding, TIG welding of M.S & AISI 304 Stainless steel, Taguchi method, optimal parameters, Hardness.

,



THEME-IV INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

CONCURRENT ENGINEERING

Dr. S.P.TayalProfessor, M. M. University, Mullana- 133203, Distt. Ambala (Haryana) M: 08059930976,

E-Mail: [email protected]

It is a work methodology based on the parallelization of tasks (i.e. performing tasks concurrently). It refers to an approach used in product development in which functions of design engineering, manufacturing engineering and other functions are integrated to reduce the elapsed time required to bring a new product to the market.

As mentioned above, part of the design process is to ensure that the entire product's life cycle is taken into consideration. This includes establishing user requirements, propagating early conceptual designs, running computational models, creating physical prototypes and eventually manufacturing the product. Included in the process is taking into full account funding, work force capability and time, subject areas that are extremely important factors in the success of a concurrent engineering system. As before, the extensive use of forward planning allows for unforeseen design problems to be caught early so that the basic conceptual design can be altered before actual physical production commences. The amount of money that can be saved by doing this correctly has proven to be significant and is generally the deciding factor for companies moving to a concurrent design framework.

Keywords: Product development, design engineering, manufacturing, conceptual designs, design cycles, design phases

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IMPLEMENTATION OF NSGA-II TO REDUCE THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS OF WORKERS IN GLASS MAKING INDUSTRY

1 2 3 4Ruchi Chaudhary , Ajit , Manisha Verma , Dr. RK Srivastava1,2,3 Manav Rachna College of Engineering Faridabad -121001

1 2(phone 099535462), E- mail: ruchi_chaudhary88@ yahoo.com). (phone: 09350249278, E-mail: [email protected]),

3. (phone: 9716314108); E-mail: [email protected]).4 BIT SINDRI (phone: (09431512442; E-mail: rajeshsri123@ gmail.com).

*Corresponding Author Ruchi Chaudhary

Glass making industry is a very hazardous industry in which fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries occur most frequently due to its unique nature. It is characterised by continual changes, use of many different resources, poor working conditions, tough environments (ex-noise, direct exposure to heat, vibration, dust etc.). The GMI is plagued by occupational risky situations and poor working conditions. Occupational health is concerned with those factors in the work environment which can give rise to ill-health in exposed workers. The study of Ergonomics provides the information of matching the man – machine interaction and work place design. This study aimed to present an overview of the situation of occupational health in glass making industry to gain information related to welfare and health facilities, health education, accident statistics, occupational health and safety activities.

The paper is structured as follows- The first section introduces the objective of this work. The second section represents the work methodology carried out in the Glass Making Industry. The third presents the

Literature Survey. The fourth presents an overview of the problem formulation of traditional glass making method. The fifth section gives the Data Analysis. Finally, the sixth section presents the conclusions.

The Earnings of the glass making workers is calculated as per the jobs specified to them. In particular eight type of jobs, usually done by glass making workers, are considered. Each job has its specific earnings. Usually high earning jobs are very tedious to perform. Combining jobs is found to be a way of reducing OHH and yet maintaining the good earnings. One severe job (firing-work) is combined with the rest of three jobs sequentially resulting in three job combinations Workers performing such jobs suffer from severe stresses and other health problems. NSGA-II is used to search for those solution points which would simultaneously minimize the occupational health hazards and maximize the earnings.

Keywords : Ergonomics, Human Factors and Work Place Design, Glass Manufacturing, Small Scale Industry, ANN.

***41



STUDY OF MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING TASKS USING TAGUCHI TECHNIQUE

1 2 3#Jaswinder Singh , P Kalra , R S Walia1 2 3Research Scholar; Professor; Associate Professor with Department of Production Engineering,

PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, UT1 2 [email protected], pkalra_pec@ yahoo.co.in, [email protected]

# corresponding Author: [email protected]

Measurement of energy expenditure of the worker during manual material handling (MMH) task depends upon various parameters that can be used to assign the task to particular worker. In this study three important variables related to MMH task i.e. Worker's Age, Work Time Duration and Work Place Temperature at three different levels were analyzed using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. One response i.e. worker's Heart Rate (HR)) during the each trail of manual material handling (MMH) task was measured. For the optimization of response the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio was obtain for each trial. The analysis of S/N ratio and raw data was done by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to identify the optimal condition in which response was optimized. Results shows that the Worker Age was found to be the most significant factor and the Work Time Duration was found to be least significant factor for heart rate response. The percentage contributions of Worker Age, Work Time Duration and Workplace Temperature were 73.51%, 3.32% and 18.46% respectively for HR.

Keywords: Signal-to-Noise ratio (S/N), Heart Rate (HR), Manual Material Handling (MMH), Taguchi technique.

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MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING TASKS PROCESS OPTIMIZATION USING PHYSIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUE

1 2 3Jaswinder Singh , P Kalra , R S Walia #1 2 3Research Scholar; Professor; Associate Professor with Department of Production Engineering,

PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, UT1 2 [email protected], pkalra_pec@ yahoo.co.in, [email protected]

# corresponding Author: [email protected]

The present study follow a physiological approach to evaluate an aerobic capacity or metabolic expenditure capabilities during manual material handling (MMH) tasks on Indian male workers. This study involves six independent lifting variables Handle, Box size, Worker, Vertical distance, Weight, Horizontal position. The selected response/dependent variable is heart rate. Using the Taguchi L18 Orthogonal array (OA) was applied to evaluate the effect of these lifting parameters and plots of raw and signal- to- noise data used for compute the significance and their effect on the response parameter. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used to evaluate an optimal result of the parameter. The conformation experiments have validated an optimal level of variable.

Keywords: Physiological approach; Manual material handling (MMH) task; Heart rate

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OFFICE EFFICIENCY ENHANCEMENT THROUGH TPM: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

1 2 3 4Rajender Kumar, Dr. Vikas Kumar, Dr. Sultan Singh, S.K.Gupta1Reseach Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA Univ. of Science and Technology, Faridabad.

2Associate Prof., Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA Univ. of Science and Technology, Faridabad.3Joint Director, State Board of Technical Education Haryana, Panchkula.

4Associate Prof., Department of Mechanical Engineering, FET, MRIU, Faridabad.Main author: e-Mail: [email protected],

The global economy has become competitive which has made quality as one of the most important factors in an organization's survival and success. Therefore, the continuous quality improvement becomes compulsive in all aspects. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is a right answer or choice for continuous improvement. TPM has the permanent features of a business environment to give comprehensive advantage for existence in these competitive global markets. Moreover, the world over manufacturing has received a great deal of attention in the recent few years for the improvement in



office efficiency efficient utilization of resources, because of the market becoming customer oriented and low office efficiency affects the today's cost environment, . This paper reveals efficiency improvement in office through 'Office TPM' which is one of the most important pillars out of 8 pillars. Office TPM has the main objective to make an efficient working in the offices that eliminates losses and regulate out-put by applying 5'S principles that is CANDO (Cleaning, arranging, neatening, discipline and order in workplace organization. It should be started after activating four other pillars of AM, Kaizen, PM, and QM. This will improve the office efficiency in manner of resources utilization, improve productivity, efficiency in the administrative functions, identify and eliminate losses, curtailment of paper work and efficient use of paper working, improvement in working environment, and self monitoring by employees in achieving laid objectives etc.

Keyword: Office efficiency, Environment, Paper work, Work efficiency.

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ENHANCING PRODUCTIVITY BY STRATEGIC IMPROVEMENT IN THROUGHPUT-TIME ON ASSEMBLY LINE: A CASE STUDY

1 2 3 4S.K. Gupta , Dr. V.K. Mahna , Dr. R.V. Singh , Rajender Kumar1Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, FET, MRIU, Faridabad;

2Dean Academics and Executive Director, MRIU, Faridabad;3Prof. & Head, Department of Mechanical Engineering, FET, MRIU, Faridabad;

4Asst. Prof., Department of Mechanical Engineering, FET, MRIU, Faridabad.E-Mail: [email protected], [email protected]

The targets of an increased productivity, operational availability and better overall efficiency, on the production lines are the most important goals for almost all manufacturing organizations. The specific objectives of this case study are firstly to reduce setup time and secondly, reduction in waiting time on the line with focuses on economic lot size and buffer stock. Design for production (DFP) is a tool to identify the losses in the line and iron out these losses in a systematic way to achieve improved throughput time, higher efficiency, higher productivity and improved manufacturing cost. The reduction in throughput time gives a base of 44% increase in production (Refer Sec. 4.0) i.e. present average production quantity of 37805 Nos. gets increased to 54440 Nos. with defining buffer stock and optimal lot size.

Keywords: Setup Time, Buffer Stock, Waiting time, Throughput Time, Economic Lot Size.

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APPLICATION OF TAGUCHI METHOD IN PROCESS OPTIMIZATION

1 2 3Shyam Kumar Karna , Dr. Ran Vijay Singh , Dr. Rajeshwar Sahai 1 Ph.D. Scholar, (M. R. I. U., Faridabad) A.P. (ME, RIET Faridabad) [email protected]

(Author for correspondence)2 Professor & Head (Mech) MRIU, Faridabad

3 Professor (Mech) BSAITM, Faridabad

The objective of the study is to optimize the process by applying the Taguchi method with orthogonal array robust design. Taguchi Parameter Design is a powerful and efficient method for optimizing the process, quality and performance output of manufacturing processes, thus a powerful tool for meeting this challenge. Off-line quality control is considered to be an effective approach to improve product quality at a relatively low cost. The Taguchi method is one of the conventional approaches for this purpose. This procedure eliminates the need for repeated experiments, time and conserves the material by the conventional procedure. Optimization of process parameters is done to have great control over quality, productivity and cost aspects of the process. Off-line quality control is considered to be an effective approach to improve product quality at a relatively low cost. The Taguchi method is a powerful tool for designing high quality systems. The approach based on Taguchi method, the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) is employed to study the performance characteristics.

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A REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON WORKER ALLOCATION PROBLEM IN FMS

1 2 3Lalit Kumar , Mohit Bansal , Sanjeev Goyal1 2

3Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad, INDIA1 2 [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is a manufacturing system in which there is some amount of flexibility that allows the system to react in the case of changes, whether predicted or unpredicted. There are various components which are associated with FMS; worker allocation (WA) is one amongst them. In this paper authors have reviewed various literatures available on this topic and have tried to prepare a very concise and progressive review. Authors have classified the papers in basically four categories, each category covers a number of publications in which all the major related aspects of the problem are discussed. Manufacturing managers can refer this paper for the application of various important factors relating WA problem.

Keywords: FMS, Literature, Task, Worker Allocation.

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TO STUDY THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PARETO ANALYSIS IN SME INDIAN INDUSTRIES BY USING CAUSE AND EFEECT DIAGRAM: A CASE STUDY

Kailash Attri¹, Dr. Rajeev Kr. Saha²¹,² Department Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of science & Tech., Faridabad, India.

The new generation has brought new challenges for firms, industries and countries. Success in such times is demanding new perspectives on competitiveness. Analysis of problems of SME in India identified cause in understanding about the concept and its implementation. Review of SME related literature, clearly indicated the factors which involve in problems of SME. The focus of this work is on review of literature at the small medium enterprise Indian industries and study of Pareto analysis -related frameworks and models. The studies are further classified on the cause and effect framework Key criteria. Select frameworks and models of Pareto Analysis were reviewed and categorized. A cause and effect diagram analysis is used for find out the real cause of Problems of SME.

Keywords: Pareto Analysis, Cause and Effect Diagram, SME.

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LEAN MANUFACTURING SYSTEM: AN OVERVIEW

1 2Rakesh Kumar , Vikas Kumar1 2Research Scholar, Associate Professor, YMCAUST, Faridabad

Manufacturing organizations have always been facing pressure to align themselves with fast changing customer requirements quickly and at low cost. To meet these challenges Lean Manufacturing is widely accepted philosophy which helps industry by making them able to solve manufacturing issues, identification and elimination of waste, improving their productivity, quality, reducing cost and developing people for next level of challenges. Purpose of this paper is to present concept and overview of Lean Manufacturing.

Keywords: Lean Manufacturing, Concept, objectives, principles, implications, Lean structure

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Asst. prof, IEC Ghaziabad, Asst. Prof, Amity University, Noida



LEAN MANUFACTURING: ELEMENTS AND ITS BENEFITS FOR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

1 2Rakesh Kumar , Vikas Kumar1 2Research Scholar, Associate Professor, YMCAUST, Faridabad

In today's competitive environment organizations need to leverage the strength they have and must work to improve upon its weakness. Lean manufacturing has been recognized the key to improve competitiveness for manufacturing organizations over the globe. Lean manufacturing offers a basket full of tools and techniques which can help in waste identification, reduction or elimination to enables manufacture product with superior quality, lower cost and on time with lesser efforts. Considering its potential of improving operational performance lean manufacturing is gaining popularity among manufacturing industries. Purpose of this paper is to present Lean Manufacturing elements, benefits, implementation strategy and obstacles in implementation for manufacturing industry.

Keywords: Lean Manufacturing, Theory of Lean Manufacturing, Elements of Lean Manufacturing, Benefits and Lean Manufacturing implementation strategy.

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CRITICALITY OF SUPPLY CHAIN IN INDIAN AUTO INDUSTRY

1 2Dharamvir Mangal , Tarun Gupta1Mechanical Engineering Department, The Technological Institute of Textile and Sciences, Bhiwani (127021), Haryana,

India ([email protected]) +91-94165749182Mechanical Engineering Department, NGF College of Engineering and Technology, Palwal, Haryana, India

([email protected]) +91-9968420084

Demanding competition in today's global markets, introduction of products with short life cycles, and the discriminating expectations of customers have forced business enterprises to invest in, and focus attention on their supply chains. Supply chain management has increasingly become an inevitable challenge to most companies to be continuously survived and prospered in the global chain-based competitive environment. The current challenges of the Indian automotive world, their implications on supply chain are summarized and analyzed in this paper. In this competitive era of 'LPG' i.e. Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization, modern marketing systems, introduction of products with short life cycles, and the discriminating expectations of customers have enforced business enterprises to invest in and focus attention on their Supply Chains (SCs) in order to meet out the level of customer's satisfaction and to survive in the competitive market. In fact, many of trends in the auto industry are reinforcing the need to redefine supply chain strategies layouts, and operations etc. Many manufacturing operations are designed to maximize throughput and lower costs with modest considerations for the crash on inventory levels and distribution capabilities. The new age customers want customized products according to their tastes like automobile color, interior, audio system, etc. This customer behavior implies that dealers and manufacturers have to maintain adequate inventory to satisfy the customer. To improve profitability and efficiency, automotive players are seeking ways to achieve operational excellence, reduce operating cost and enhance customer service through efficient supply chain management.

Keywords: Automotive Industry, Supply chain, Challenges, market potential.

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INTENSITY OF CRITICAL FACTORS EFFECTING TECHNICAL INSTITUTION EVALUATION- AN ANP APPROACH

1 2 3Victor Gambhir , Dr N.C. Wadhwa , Dr. Sandeep Grover1 2 3 Professor and Pro Vice Chancellor, Vice Chancellor, Professor

1,2Manav Rachna International University3YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad, India

1 2 [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

In a pursuit of excellence in technical education, it is increasingly important to identify critical factors affecting it. The technical education system in an attempt to react to the demands and ever increasing pressures from its stakeholders, finds itself in a market-oriented environment, with internal and external customers; wherein, “satisfying the customer”, is the rule for survival in the long run.With the change of education policy in 1991, more and more technical institutions are being set up in India. Some of these institutions are providing quality education, but others are merely concentrating on quantity. Because of this stake holders are in a state of confusion about the decision to select the best institute for their higher study. Although various agencies including print media are providing ranking of these institutions every year, but these seems to be contradictory and biased. In this paper, the authors have made an endeavor to find the critical factors for technical institution evaluation from literature survey. An Analytical Network Process (ANP) approach has been applied to find the intensity of the factors for evaluation. This will not only help the stake holders in taking right decision but will also help the management of institutions in benchmarking for identifying the most important critical areas to improve upon. This will in turn help Indian economy.

Keywords: Critical factors, Technical Institution Evaluation, Analytical Network Process (ANP)

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EFFECTS OF ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE ON TRAFFIC CONSTABLE IN GHAZIABAD REGION

1 ,2 3 4 5Rakesh V.Mishra , Sachin Rathore , Nitin Sharma ,D.D.Johri , Z Mallick1 M.tech. scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, AFSET Faridabad (Haryana)

2,3 Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KIET Gzb (U.P.)4 Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KIET Gzb (U.P.)

5 Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, JMI, New DelhiEmail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],

[email protected], [email protected]

Over the past decades there had been a rapid change in the population of Ghaziabad (U.P.). This has lead to a significant change in the traffic density in the commercially developed cities. This traffic growth has made the noise level on the roads beyond the prescribed limits. This paper is an attempt for the measurements of noise levels under traffic conditions over different time span in Ghaziabad region, to estimate, whether these levels exceeds permissible levels, (65 dB(A)) prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) New Delhi, the variation in discomfort of road traffic Police constable was assessed by means of a questionnaire. Finally results reveal that higher road traffic noise levels led to the increase of discomfort of traffic Police Constable.

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OPTIMIZATION OF INVENTORY MODEL FOR DECAYING ITEM WITH VARIABLE HOLDING COST AND POWER DEMAND

1 2 3Ankit Prakash Tyagi , Rama Kant Pandey , Shivraj Singh

1Dayanand Brijendra Swarup (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India2Department of mathematics, Dayanand Brijendra Swarup (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

3Department of mathematics, D.N. (PG) College, Meerut (UP), India1 2 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

In inventory control phenomena, holding cost is an integral part of total cost of every inventory system. This is determined from the investment in physical stocks and storage facilities for items during a cycle. In most of the inventory research papers with power demand pattern, holding cost rate per unit time for perishable inventory is assumed as constant. However, this is not necessarily the case when items in stock are decaying. In the present work, paying better attention on the holding cost, we present a deteriorating inventory model in which the unit holding cost is based on the deterioration of the inventory with the time the item is in stock. The deterioration is assumed Weibull distributive. The power pattern of demand is considered in this paper. Shortages are allowed and partial backlogged. The partial backlogging rate is a continuous inverse function of waiting time in purchasing the item during stock out period. By using classical optimization technique, conditions for uniquely existence of global minimum value of the average total cost per unit time are discussed. Numerical illustration and sensitivity analysis are presented.

Keywords: Inventory, Deterioration, Shortage, Weibull Distribution, Power demand, variable holding cost.

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APPLICATION OF GRAPH THEORY: A REVIEW

1 2 3Ravi Kalra , Sunil Kumar , Kamal Jangra1JCD college of Engineering, Sirsa, Haryana

2Yadavindra College of Engineering, Guru Kashi Campus, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab3YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, Haryana

Email id: [email protected] (Ravi); [email protected] (Kamal)

Graph theory is a systematic and logical approach that has been successfully implemented in various fields of engineering. The main advantage of graph theory over other techniques is that it includes even qualitative factors along with quantitative factors for modeling the process. This paper discusses the application of graph theory in non conventional machining process. Wire electrical discharge machining process has been considered to illustrate the methodology. A numeric index is evaluated which is a performance index for the system.

Keywords: Graph theory, manufacturing system, WEDM.

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EVALUATION OF IDEAS FOR PANEL BODY ASSEMBLY BY DECISION MATRIX

1` 2Narender Kumar and Vineet Jain 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dronacharya College of Engineering FarukhNagar Guragaon

Email: [email protected]*Corresponding Author

2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Deep institute of engineering and Technology, Gurgaon,Email: [email protected]

Evaluation phase aims at development of value alternatives which is accomplished by careful appraisal and creative judgment to the ideas which were listed during creativity phase. During the process of development, we should ensure that the product is not cheapened or degrade i.e. there is no reduction in product quality, performance, reliability, maintainability



or other aspects below the requirements of customer.

In this technique, decision matrix method is used to find out the performance score for different alternatives and then value score with the help of the cost of the alternatives. This comparison will give the team best workable solution for the problem at lowest cost without degrading the quality or value or the product.

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LEAN MANUFACTURING STRATEGY –A REMEDY FOR TOUGH TIMES1 2Naveen kumar , Dr S.K Sharma

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology,Manav Rachna International University,Faridabad, India

Email:[email protected] Professor in Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT, Kurukshetra

E-mail : [email protected]

Lean is a management methodology that provides the perfect medicine for surviving and thriving during bleak trading conditions as well as optimizing shrunken budgets. Japan in 1950s.in a country rebuilding its shattered post war economy, the Toyota motor company developed a production system that has underpinned the company's success and given rise to the lean movement. Toyota production system rejected the belief that productivity could be raised by working longer, harder and faster and presented the just in time alternative. This focused on delivery the right products to the right place at the right time anything not involved in achieving that objective was deemed suspect waste.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss a survival strategy for industry in tough time by means of lean principles and philosophies. Tough time is the time for industries to follow lean guidelines and to look in to their business chain from raw material to end customer in order to remove all types of waste. The paper provides some real help as to how to survive in recession as there is little published research on this topic. This paper addresses a framework for studying lean thinking, as well as principles of lean production, strategy for lean implementation and the 8 types of waste.

Keywords: Lean thinking, waste, customer focus.

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ENABLERS OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT: AN ISM APPROACH

1 2 3Sarvesh Kumar , Javed Khan ,Abid Haleem1,2,3 Mechanical Engineering Department, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India

[email protected]

The management of technology is acquiring a distinctive character and increasingly being recognized as an activity that complements other managerial functions in providing the necessary inputs to the decision-making process. Few factors which are helpers in the implementation of technology management which are known as enablers. The objective of this paper is to developed the relationships among the identified TM enablers. Further, this paper is also helpful to understand mutual influence of enablers and identify those enablers which support other enablers (driving enabler) and also those enablers which are most influenced by other enablers(dependent enabler ). The interpretive structure modeling (ISM) methodology is used to evolve mutual relationship among these enablers. TM enablers have been classified, based on their driving power and dependence power.

Keywords:Technology Management (TM), Enablers, dependence power, driving power, Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM).

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ESTABLISHING TIME STANDARDS FOR FIXING BODY SIDE PANEL TO THE CHASSIS IN ASSEMBLY LINE USING MOST

1 2 3Vikram K V , Dr. D. N. Shivappa , Jaganur Sangamesha1PG Student

Mahindra Reva Electric Vehicles Pvt Ltd has established new assembly line to assemble Electric Car. The company has adopted a new concept of bonding methodology for the assembly of 'Body Side Panel' onto the chassis of Reva NXR vehicle at Stage 15, for this a special Bonding Fixture is used. To establish the new Time Standards for assembly activities of fixing Body Side Panel the 'Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST)' is used. For each assembly processes the tools description, process description and existing MOST sheets were studied which provided detailed information about all the movements of assembly activities. It was identified that many movements of assembly activities were taking more time than required, using MOST, movements of some activities were modified and few were eliminated resulting in reduction of 41% in assembly time. In addition necessary changes in workplace were made which reduced the stress creating unproductive movements.

Keywords: Body Side Panel, Bonding Fixture, Standard Time, MOST, Total Work Content, Work Measurement.

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ESTABLISHING TIME STANDARDS FOR ASSEMBLY ACTIVITY IN CHASSIS PREPARATION AREA USING MOST

1 2 3Harish.H , Dr. D. N. Shivappa , Jaganur Sangamesh1 2PG Student ([email protected]), Professor([email protected])

Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bangalore3Manager, Production Engg. Deptt. Mahidra Reva Vehicles Pvt Ltd, Banglalore

([email protected])

Paper presents development of time standards for all the assembly activities of Chassis Preparation Area in assembly line of Mahindra Reva Electric Vehicles Pvt Ltd. company using “Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST)”. Initially thorough study of the chassis preparation area at stage I and II in assembly main line I was made. For each assembly process the bill of materials, tools description, and process description were studied which provided detailed information about all the movements of assembly activities. It was identified that many movements of assembly activities were taking more time than required; using MOSTmovements of these activities were modified. MOST sheets describing established time standards are developed for all the assembly activities of Stage I and II of chassis preparation area.

Keywords: Standard Time, MOST, Chassis preparation area, Rear Power Train, Front Suspension, Bundy Tubes, Steering Rack.

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METAHEURISTIC DESIGN FOR CALCULATING MAKESPAN OF COMPREHENSIVE SCHEDULING PROBLEMS

1 2Sunil Kumar , Rajender Kumar Tayal1Prannath Parnami Institute of Management &Technology, Hisar (Haryana)

2Government Polytechnic Sirsa (Haryana, email: [email protected], [email protected]

Scheduling is necessary to deal with internal and external disruption faced in real life manufacturing environments. Scheduling is a process of allocation of resources to tasks over a given time period. The objective of scheduling is to ensure maximum utilization of the plant at minimum cost. Main objective of the problem is to determine best job sequence that

2([email protected]), Professor([email protected]) Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bangalore

3Manager, Production Engg. Deptt. Mahidra Reva Vehicles Pvt Ltd, Banglalore ([email protected])



optimizes the makespan (C ) i.e. total completion time of the job for a job shop problem . In addition to makespan various max

factors like completion time of the jobs on each machine, machine loading time, machine idle time among all these machines are also determined. An asexual reproduction genetic algorithm with mutation strategies is developed to solve the single-objective job shop scheduling with setup time. A source code is developed in MATLAB to solve the aforesaid problem and it is tested on various bench mark problems and other problems taken from literature. Results are compared with those available in the literature associated with this problem. The findings indicate that the source code developed in MATLAB using genetic algorithm can find good solutions within a very short computational time.

Keywords: Job Shop Scheduling, Genetic Algorithm, Makespan.

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AN EFFICIENT APPROACH OF GOOD MANUFACTURING FLEXIBILITY BY FMS AND RMS WITH MINIMIZING THE OVERALL WASTAGE BY JIT

1Virender Chahal1Department of Mechanical Engg. HCTM, Kaithal, [email protected]

Today, the customer demands a lot of flexibility to reconfigure operations for new challenges. As per the latest manufacturing, there are many flexible techniques. But with this flexibility, quality of product is also required which comes out by the JIT implementation. This paper studies out the pros, cons, applications of FMS, RMS and also benefist of using the JIT in manufacturing. The latest inversions in reconfigurable manufacturing and FMS, affects our way of working. The paper is concluded with a present and future study on flexible and reconfigurable manufacturing system by implementing of JIT in these systems. JIT stands for producing necessary quantities at the necessary time. The ultimate aim of JIT is to concentrate on lot less, repetitive manufacturing, with only one unit of work in process and no stock of finished goods inventories with FMS and RMS. In this paper, we focus on the way of manufacturing system by controlling with the help of Just-In-Time (JIT) control processes. We implement the JIT for better control.

Keywords: Manufacturing systems, Self- evolution, Self- organization, Reconfigurablity, Flexibility, JIT

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MODERN TRENDS, PROBLEMS, SOLUTIONS AND ETHICS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Dr. Niranjan Lal ManglaAssociate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, YMCAUST; email: [email protected]

Modern trends like nano technology, computer aided manufacturing, spacecraft to Mars etc. seem interesting but have failed to solve unemployment, mental stresses, food and social problems that have sprung from industrialisation. Green technology is heard of, but global warming continues. In spite of more efficient combustion systems and new sources of energy, the energy crisis is spiralling. New management skills are being developed to manage resources in industries but vast natural resources like Yamuna's mineral water are unavailable. The solution lies right in the vedic texts. The alternate technologies, that can generate employment, that are environmental friendly and sustainable and at the same time help in space exploration and solve most of the above problems, have been discussed in light of the ancient Sanskrit literature on science and engineering. But this is for people who have human and professional ethics. Some universal values have been revealed from the vedic texts on code of conduct.

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STRATAGEM PROGRESS OF LEAN MANUFACTURING IMPLEMENTATION IN SHOP FLOOR

1 2Dharmender , Navdeep Malhotra1 Asstt. Prof. AITM, Palwal, [email protected].

2Prof. YMCAUST, Faridabad, [email protected]

In the present business scenario competitiveness of the manufacturing companies is determined by their ability to meet and respond as swiftly as possible to the changing environment scenario and to produce and supply high quality products at lower cost as per demand of the customer. The same can be achieved by implementation of proper planning and skillfulness, through the application of automation and innovative concepts or techniques, e.g. Lean manufacturing, JIT, and TQM. Among these innovative concepts, the paper focused on the implementation of lean manufacturing. Lean manufacturing is well recognized by the manufacturing companies as a major driver to achieve world class capabilities. The implementation of lean manufacturing not only reduced the waste in the industry but also enhances the profit and production.

Keywords- Just in time (JIT), Total quality management (TQM), Lean Manufacturing

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TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

1 2 3Mohit Singh , Dr. I.A. Khan , Dr. Sandeep Grover1Research Scholar, Dept. of Mech Engg., Faculty of Engg. & Tech., Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

2 Professor, Dept. of Mech. Engg., Faculty of Engg. & Tech., Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.3 Professor & Head, Chariman-Mech. Engg. Dept., YMCA University of Sci. & Tech., Faridabad (HR), India.

1 2 [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Globalization, intense competitive environment, customer awareness etc. force the manufacturing industries to offer higher product quality which is the main requirement to gain global market share. Satisfying the customer with high quality products in the shortest time possible at lowest cost is the key to success for any organization in the market. To cope up and retain the position in this environment, it is a necessary requirement for any manufacturing industry to keep focusing on quality management. Managing quality within the industry is not possible without adequate knowledge of quality tools and techniques. The main aim of this paper is to highlight all major quality tools and techniques used for quality management in a manufacturing industry. The tools and techniques are segregated under four headings and explained briefly.

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SIMULATION BASED ANALYSIS OF THE BULLWHIP EFFECT UNDER DIFFERENT INFORMATION SHARING STRATEGIES

1 2* 3B. A.Mir , A.Jayant , A.Singh1,2,3Department of Mechanical Engineering

Sant Longowal Institute of Engg. & Technology, Longowal, Sangrur, Punjab – 148106 (INDIA)(Deemed University Est. by Govt. of India)

*Corresponding Email : [email protected]

In this paper we are simulating a three-stage supply chain that is based on the Stock-to-Demand inventory type. The aim of the simulation is to investigate the well-known phenomenon of the bullwhip effect, and identify the parameters that affect it. To investigate and measure this impact, a simulation model is developed using Arena 11 soft-ware package for a three-stage supply chain, consisting of a single retailer, wholesaler, and a distributor. Since the bullwhip effect is based on an interrelated network of parameters, the model will be changed to affect the change in these parameters on the variance amplification of orders. It has been observed that how lack of information, lack of transparency throughout the supply chain and a disconnect between production and real-time supply chain information result in increasing lost sales, bad customer service, high



inventory levels and unrealized profits. Simulation modeling, presented in this work allows the user to analyze the performance of the three tier supply chain network and to understand the complex relationship between the parties involved. The findings from the simulation suggest that the model calculates customer service levels, total cost, waiting times, inventories and demands at every stage in a predictable manner.

Keyword: Bullwhip effect, simulation modeling, Information sharing, business performance

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SUPPLIER MANUFACTURER RELATIONSHIP IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW

1 2*Vikramjeet Singh , Arvind JayantDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology,

(Deemed University, est. by Govt. of India) Longowal, Punjab, INDIA.* Corresponding Author e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

This paper investigates the current development in research and practice in supplier manufacturer relationship through content analysis of the published literature. We have used various web based search engines, books and conference proceedings to locate and review the literature. The review finds that research and practice in supplier manufacturer relationship are focused on all aspects of supplier manufacturer relationship—from literature. We position the contributions in a framework that takes the diversity of procurement situations in terms of complexity and importance into account and covers all phases in the supplier selection process from initial problem definition, over the formulation of criteria, the qualification of potential suppliers, to the final choice among the qualified suppliers. Conditions under which a manufacturer operating with a linear price contract reveals demands information truthfully with his supplier for the long term business relationship. We believe that review the of supplier manufacturer relationship provided here can help the researchers/practitioners to advance their work in the future.

Keywords: Supplier-manufacturer relationship, Supply chain management, Decision Making, Information sharing.

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A GENERIC MODEL OF MULTI-ECHELON REVERSE LOGISTICS NETWORK FOR PRODUCT RETURNS

1, 2 3 4S. Bansal A.Jayant *, P. Gupta , S. K. Garg1, 2,3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology,

Longowal, Sangrur – 1481064Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi-110042

Rapid technology advances in turbulent Indian business environment have shortened the lifecycle of white goods, resulting in the increasing number of discarded products in recent years. Due to the growing environmental concerns, several state governments have passed new regulations in order to reduce the amount of waste stream generated by mass consumption of the products in the society, to divert the discarded/End-of –Life (EOL) products from landfills, and to dispose the retired electronic & mechanical assembly based products properly. As a result, an effective reverse logistics infrastructure is required to support the product recovery activities. In this research, a noble approach for designing reverse logistics infrastructure by private-government partnership model is presented. Finally, discussion, recommendation and insight information in operating reverse logistics real business environment is analyzed and provided.

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SUPPLIER QUALITY ASSURANCE IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM) THROUGH QUALITY TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

1 2P.P. Shah , Dr. R.L. Shrivastava1Acharya Shrimannarayan Polytechnic, Wardha(M.S.), India. [email protected]

2Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering,Nagpur(M.S.), India. [email protected]

Fierce competition forces organizations to implement different business improvement methodologies to improve the business performance. A Supply chain is an association of different facilities and distribution channels that includes the procurement of raw materials, production, assembly and delivery of finish products or services to the final user i.e. customer. The management of supply chain and the role and responsibilities of various persons involved differ from industry to industry. Due to which Supply chain management (SCM) has become a vital issue for manufacturer, professionals and researchers. It is felt that to manage the supply chain effectively, entire structure of supply chain must be understood properly. This paper attempts to provide a manufacturer, professionals and researchers a complete picture of supply chain management and explains the role of supplier in supply chain, describes the various quality tools and techniques if implemented properly assurance the quality of suppliers.

Keywords: Supply Chain Management, Quality Management System, Supply Chain Integration, ISO 9001

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CRITICAL ISSUES FOR INDIAN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES FOR ADOPTING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

1 2 3A. Anand , M. D. Singh , R. Kant1Research Scholar,Department of Mechanical Engineering, M. N. N. I.T, Allahabad, (INDIA)

2Professor,Department of Mechanical Engineering, M.N. N. I. T, Allahabad, (INDIA)3Assistant Professor,Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.V.N.N.I.T, Surat, (INDIA)

Corresponding Author: email: [email protected]

The aim of this paper is to understand critical issues regarding Knowledge management (KM) in context of Indian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) sector as it is one of the fastest growing sectors of Indian economy. So it is very important for SMEs to know what their knowledge assets are, and how to manage and make best use of these assets to get maximum return. It has been observed that all over the world, SMEs are considered as a major source for economic growth. The management of knowledge is considered as an important and necessary factor for the competitive growth of an organization. The worldwide economy has been shifted from production-based economy to a knowledge-based economy. The traditional sources of competitive advantages in any organization are no longer seemed to be sufficient in the era of global-business competition. At present business environment organizations have to look at their strategies to remain competitive for their survival and growth. Knowledge drives strategy and strategy drive KM in an organization.

Keyword: Knowledge management, KM strategy, competitive organizations, Small to medium-sized enterprises.

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JIT SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: AN INTRODUCTION

1 2 3O P Mishra , Vikas Kumar , Dixit Garg1Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad 121006, India

2,3Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurkshetra ,IndiaCorresponding Author emai ID: [email protected]

The JIT supply chain for any firm is an effective and efficient management tool. The planning, control, and co-ordination of all activities in the supply chain to move sufficient material supplies from the source (e.g., overseas or local central distributors) to the final customers on real time. The activities must be performed when needed at the right time, not earlier or later in the supply chain. The paper deals with the benefits of the JIT supply chain and risk associated with. The paper is all about the basic concept behind JIT and is supplemented with a case study of supply chain failure due to break down of a



leading car manufacturing company. It is understood that though benefits of JIT supply chain are obvious, but its implementation in firm is not like a plug in and use.

Key words: JIT supply chain, Management tools, risk, supply chain Failure

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INTENSITY OF CRITICAL FACTORS FOR IMPLEMENTING AMT– AN ANP APPROACH

1 2Sanjeev Goyal and Sandeep Grover1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering

YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad1 2E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

To attain flexibility and shorter lead times, industries are attaining Advanced Manufacturing Technologies (AMT). These technologies although provide many benefits but involve large cost and complex implementation process. Organisations are unaware of the strategies to implement AMT. It would be beneficial for the organisations to know the intensity of critical factors affecting the AMT implementation process. In the present work, an endeavour has been made to find the intensity of critical factors affecting the AMT using Analytical Network Process (ANP). ANP allows interdependencies and feedback within and between clusters of factors. ANP is the generalized form of AHP. A group of experts were consulted to establish interrelations and to provide weightage for pairwise comparison. Outcome of the ANP is weighted comparison of the factors.

Keywords: AMT, Implementation Process, Critical factors, Analytical Network Process (ANP

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A VIEW OF QUEUE ANALYSIS WITH CUSTOMER BEHAVIOUR, BALKING AND RENEGING

1 2Neetu Gupta , Reena GargAssistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Applied Sciences,

YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, 121006, [email protected]

This paper presents an analysis for an queueing system with customer behaviour, balking and reneging. Arriving customers balk with a probability and renege (leave the queue after entering) according to some distribution. Balking means that customers do not enter in the system, when queue is too long. Reneging means that a customer enter in the system, wait for some time and leave the system without getting service. Notations and performance of queueing model are also given. At the end of paper benefits and limitations of queueing theory is also given.

Keywords: Balking and Reneging, Queueing system.

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IMPROVING THE ORGANISATION THROUGH 5S METHODOLOGY

Ravinder Kumar PanchalndMTech 2 Year, Manufacturing & Automation, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad

Mobile No: +91-9315133048, e-mail: [email protected]

This paper focused on the methodology adopted in 5S and implementation of the same in a company. It can be observed that introducing the 5S rules bring the great changes in the company, for example: process improvement by costs' reduction, increasing of effectiveness and efficiency in the processes, maintenance and improvement of the machines' efficiency,



safety increasing and reduction of the industry pollution, proceedings according to decisions. The 5S methodology permits to analyse the processes running on the workplace. The 5S is the methodology of creation and maintaining well organized, clean, high effective and high quality workplace. Own research clearly showed, that very essential is training of workers about the 5S rules. Essential thing is to divide activities on some main steps and to maintain the continuous improvement.

The 5S method begins each programme of improvement in a company and can be used in all companies. Its result is the effective organization of the workplace.

This paper shows the effect of implementation of the 5S rules in the production process.

Keywords: The 5S methodology, Quality management, TPM

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APPLYING SIX SIGMA METHODOLOGY IN A BRICK KILN INDUSTRY THEREBY REDUCING DEFECT LEVEL

1 2 3 4Akhil Khajuria , Kapil Singh , Khalid Sheikh ,Navdeep Malhotra1,2,3 Students, M.Tech (M&A), SME, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, (J&K), India

e-mail: [email protected], Mech Engg., YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad, Haryana,I ndia

The fundamentals of brick manufacturing have not changed over time. However, technological advancements have made contemporary brick plants substantially more efficient and have improved the overall quality of the products. A more complete knowledge of raw materials and their properties, better control of firing, improved kiln designs and more advanced mechanization have all contributed to advancing the brick industry.. Since the repetitive production of bricks meeting standards is very demanding in the industry, the implementation of cyclic control on the brick kiln set-up has naturally become an important objective for researchers. In this paper, a similar kind of work has been presented with the objective of reducing the no. of defects that were caused due to various reasons in a Brick Kiln set up. The purpose of this research is to study quality related problems while producing building product and to improve the quality of the product using Six Sigma methodologies in a Brick Kiln Industry. This research paper aims at using a case study approach to show how Six Sigma methodologies can be used in order to improve the quality of Bricks in a Kiln. The variables which were affecting the production quality were sorted out and consistently the defect level was reduced by using DMAIC principle of six sigma implementation on the manufacturing set up after formulating the problem.

Keywords: De-Hacking, forming, firing, CTQ (characteristics Critical to Quality), DMAIC, Schimdt and Launsby formula

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ROLE OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH APPLICATIONS IN FINANCIAL MARKETS- A LITERATURE REVIEW

Ashok Kumar¹, Jyotsana Chawla², Neha Goyal ³1Student, Department of Management Studies, YMCA University of Science & Tech., Faridabad, HR

2,3Asst. Prof., Department of Management Studies, YMCA University of Science & Tech., Faridabad, [email protected]

This paper reviews the application of OR to financial markets. After considering reasons for the attractiveness of general finance problems to OR researchers. The main types of financial market problem amenable to OR are identified, and some of the many problems solved using OR are documented. While mathematical programming is the most widely applied technique, and other simulation methods are increasingly widely used. OR now plays an important role in the operation of financial markets and this importance is likely to increase, creating the opportunity for OR (and operations researchers) to play an even greater role.



Keywords: - Operation research technique, finance, financial market problem.

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QUEST FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BY INTEGRATED GREEN MANUFACTURING SYSTEM

1 2 3Sandeep Handa , Dr. Tilak Raj , Dr. Sandeep Grover1 2,3 Research Scholar, Professor, YMCAUST, FARIDABAD

In recent years there has been an appalling rate of depletion of natural resources due to an ever-increasing number of goods manufactured to satisfy human needs. There is intense pressure from government regulatory acts and consumers on the manufactures to become environmentally friendly. Green Manufacturing has emerged as a key approach for industries seeking to become environmentally friendly. This study reviewed various literatures to explore the interrelationships between environmental issues and manufacturing strategy. This paper identifies various issues involved in enhancing eco-efficiency of a manufacturing system

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A REVIEW ON JIT IMPLEMENTATION ASPECTS IN SERVICE SECTOR

1 2Sandeep Phogat , Dr. A. K. Gupta1 Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, DCRUST Murthal, Sonepat, Haryana.

2Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, DCRUST Murthal, Sonepat, Haryana.1Email: [email protected]

Just in-time (JIT) the formalized process of waste reduction, has achieved a strong foothold in the manufacturing sector. The service sector, however, has not been as quick to recognize the benefits of JIT. Services are much like manufacturing in that both employ processes that add value to the basic inputs used to create the end product. JIT focuses on the process, not the product. It can, therefore, be applied to any process within manufacturing or service operations. Cost, quality, patient satisfaction etc. are some important issues facing service sector. Service sector are searching continuously for innovative ways to contain costs without sacrificing quality and meet the customer needs. This paper provides a review for applying JIT processes in the service sector, with the goal of investigating how JIT principles can be implemented in services.

Keywords : Just-in-Time (JIT), kanban, quality, cost, service sector.

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GENETIC ALGORITHMS: A PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACH

1 2Jyoti , Neetu Gupta1,2 Asst. Prof -H.A.S Deptt. YMCA Univ. of Sci. & Tech, Faridabad

Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are adaptive heuristic search algorithm premised on the evolutionary ideas of natural selection and genetic. The basic concept of GAs is designed to simulate processes in natural system necessary for evolution, specifically those that follow the principles first laid down by Charles Darwin of survival of the fittest. As such they represent an intelligent exploitation of a random search within a defined search space to solve a problem.

First pioneered by John Holland in the 60s, Genetic Algorithms has been widely studied, experimented and applied in many fields in engineering worlds. Not only does GAs provide an alternative method to solving problem, it consistently outperforms other traditional methods in most of the problems link. Many of the real world problems involved finding optimal parameters, which might prove difficult for traditional methods but ideal for GAs. However, because of its outstanding performance in optimization, GAs has been wrongly regarded as a function optimizer. In fact, there are many



ways to view genetic algorithms.

In this paper we aim at providing an insight into the field of genetic algorithms and its areas of application

Keywords: Genetic Algorithms, Optimization, Application of Gas.

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A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON BENCHMARKING

1 2 3Bhupender Singh , Dr. Sandeep Grover , Dr.Vikram Singh1 2 3Asst.Professor , Professor , Associate Professor

Department of Mechanical Engg.YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad (Hr.)

Today's competitive environment &changing economy has forced organizations to consider and implement a variety of innovative management philosophies and techniques. One technique is benchmarking which has attracted considerable attention for its effectiveness. Benchmarking is a very versatile tool that can be applied in a variety of ways to meet a range of requirements for improvement. Xerox and Kodak were the main organizations who describe this technique briefly. Furthermore world class companies like IBM, Ford Motor Company and Weyerhaeuser etc.use this technique regularyl. The Xerox benchmarking methodology was a ten-step process & Kodak uses a six-step benchmarking process. A large number of publications by various authors reflect the interest in this technique. In the past, many reviews of literature on benchmarking have been done by many authors. In this paper, the authors have reviewed the benchmarking literature in a way that would help researchers, to take a closer look at the growth, & applicability of this technique. There are more than 300 articles on the benchmarking topic published in the last 12 years, as revealed in this literature review. Considering the number of publication,s it can be said that the benchmarking technique has a steady growth.

Keywords: Benchmarking, classification, technique, effectiveness

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SYSTEMATIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT TO ANALYZE SERVICE QUALITY IN SUPPLY CHAIN FOR A MANUFACTURING ORGANIZATION

1 2Tarun Kumar Gupta ,Vikram Singh1Mechanical Engineering Department, NGF College of Engineering and Technology, Palwal, Haryana, India

([email protected])2Mechanical Engineering Department, YMCAUST Faridabad, Haryana, India. ([email protected])

In today's cut-throat competition, individual firm cannot compete as an independent entity rather they have to work as an integral part of supply chain links. Today most of the organizations are seeking for close association in their upstream and downstream for maximizing their supply chain efficiency, their profit and reduce lead time. The key to sustainable competitive advantage, in this competitive era, lies in delivering high quality service and that will result high customer satisfaction and ultimately customer delight.

Keywords: Service quality in supply chain (SQSC), Distributor service quality (DSQ), Retailer service quality (RSQ), Customer service quality (CSQ).

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