© 2009 abcteach.com 15.4 secession and war objectives: at the end of the lesson each student must...
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© 2009 abcteach.com
15.4 secession and war
Objectives: At the end of the lesson each student must be able toDescribe how the 1860 election led to the breakup of the union
Explain why secession led to outbreak of the Civil war
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15.4 secession and war Points in time
1860 – Lincoln is elected president; south Carolina secedes
1861(February) – Southern states form the Confederates States of America
1861(April) – Confederates Forces attacks Fort Sumter; civil war begins
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Democrats (Loyalists) – Stephen A. Douglas; popular sovereignty
Democrats (Southern) – John Breckinridge; neither congress nor territorial legislature…
Republicans – Lincoln; Slavery is illegal in any territory
Constitutional Union Party – John Bell; no stand on slavery
Election of 1860
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Lincoln won; 180 of 303 electoral votes, 40% popular vote, swept N states
Douglas; 30% popular vote, won Mo and 3 out 7 electoral votes from NJ
Breckinridge swept the southern states
Bell took most border states
Election of 1860
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December 20, 1860, South Carolina voted to secede
secession – withdrawal from the union
Sen. John Crittenden, KY; proposed to protect slavery south of the 36° 30’ N latitude
Republicans called it unacceptable Southern leaders rejected the plan
The south secedes
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February 1st, 1861; SC, LA, TX, MS, AL, FL, GA, formed the CSA
Sen Jefferson Davis, MS - chosen president
cited the “states right” as justification to the secession
Nat’l government’s refusal to enforce the FSA; denial of equal rights in the territories for the southern states
The confederacy
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Many Southerners welcomed it Some southerners were alarmed Robert E. Lee; “ I see only that a
fearful calamity is upon us.” Some Northern abolitionists; “Let
them leave in peace.” Most Northerners; “The union must
be preserved.”
reaction to secession
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Lincoln; in a free government does the minority have the right to breakup the government whenever they choose
reaction to secession
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December, 1860; Buchanan; “The southern states had no right to secede.” But I have no right to stop them from doing so.”
Lincoln; “The president’s duty is to enforce the law to preserve the gov’t.”; warns, no state can lawfully get out of the union
Presidential Responses
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March 4, 1861, Lincoln was inaugurated
Secession not permissible; will hold federal property in the south; will enforce the laws of the US
Pleaded for reconciliation with the south
Presidential Responses
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Fort guarding the Charleston Harbor Confederate soldiers demands its
surrender Lincoln to Gov Francis Pickens; an
unarmed expedition with supplies for the fort.
April 12,1861, Jefferson Davis and his advisers ordered Confederate forces to attack Fort Sumter
Fort Sumter
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Union Capt. Abner Doubleday, a witness of the attack
Held out for 36 hours; surrendered April 14
Lincoln called for 75,000 troops VA, NC, TN, AR, voted to join the
Confederacy Civil war began
Fort Sumter