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THE ANGLO MANIPUR WAR 1891 AND ITS

CONSEQUNCES

Ayam Khaba Khuman

MA Political Science.

Shiv Kumar Dept. of Political Science

Lovely Professional University

Introduction:

The war of Independence or the Anglo-Manipur War 1891, makes an age throughout the entire existence of

Manipur. This noteworthy war began at first because of the manual enviously, dispute, doubt and conflict among

the sovereigns of Manipur. After the passing of maharaja Chandrakirti Singh, his oldest child Surchandra

prevailing to the position of authority in the year 1886. Since the ascendence of Surchandra Singh, the regal group

of Manipur isolated into two groups viz., on one side Jubaraj Kullachandra, Tikendrajit, Angousana and

Zillanamba joined against the lord. The friction between the siblings had been continuing for at some point

however was made open on September 21st,1890 (the castle revolt). Surchandra and his three siblings raced to

Calcutta and spoke to the British Govt. for help. Meanwhile Kullachandra turned into the lord and Tikendrajit

turned into the Jubraj of Manipur. Exploiting the inward discord of the regal family, the British Government

straightforwardly meddled in the organization of Manipur. Truly, the British Government needed to hold Manipur

under their influence from the earliest starting point.

Research Methodology:

1. The historic Anglo-Manipuri war of 1891

By Waikhom Damodar Singh

2. Source: Manipur Who is Who 1891, published by

Manipur State Archives in 1990.

3. Cause and Impact of Anglo Manipur War 1891

- Part 1 -Khuraijam Athouba

Review of literature:

The British arrived in India (the recent a lot more prominent and unified nation, at that point known as Bharat-

Varsha) in the year 1608 AD initially at Surat, one of the most extravagant ocean port on its west coast, as normal

dealers, for the sake of "English East India Company", who were allowed on 31 December 1600 by Queen

Elizabeth (I) a contract with privileges of selective exchanging for a long time into East Indies.

The British individuals, who so arrived as exceptionally conventional merchants at first, united their political force

at the appointed time of time, and with their better ability and matchless quality in arms and strategy, turned into

the overlords and invulnerable heros and leaders of the tremendous nation by extending their capacity

continuously for which they exploited "disunity" that were there among the indigenous people groups, who by

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then were not living as a bound together and solid Nation all things considered yet were living as an especially

isolated individuals of an immensely partitioned nation.

A land not existed under a bound together or unitary Sovereign Govt or force yet just a tremendous place that is

known for 'aggregation' of various spaces and realms called realms and States (later on named Native States), of

all shapes and sizes, with such a large number of socially, ethnically and semantically changed and separated

gatherings of indigenous people groups under their innate rulers and boss, in the names of Maharajas, Rajas,

Nawabs, Dewans, Zamindars, Jagirdars and Emperor.

The force so settled by the British East India Company in the immense and much partitioned land during the time

of somewhere in the range of two and half hundreds of years went under the immediate control of the British

Crown during the reign of Queen Victoria by an Act went in the British Parliament with impact from August

2,1858 under the-name, the 'Legislature of India Act', with full force and obligations regarding the Government

and Revenues of India vested on one of Her Majesty's Secretaries of State, because of the impact of an

extraordinary and across the board 'Indian Revolt', known as 'Sepoy Mutiny' of 1857 that had erupted against the

misruling of the organization more than a few viewpoints.

The dissatisfactions and uneasiness of the individuals had been aggregating for long which finished at the

previously mentioned time with a savage burst. The British Government accordingly kept on administering over

the immense nation legitimately under their Crown for the sake of 'English India', including that of the place where

there is an enormous zone in the east added by them on 1 January 1886 known as the realm of Burma (presently

Myanmar) at that point controlled by one King Thibaw till year 1935/36 when it was isolated as an alternate unit

(Dominion) under their standard.

Hence when practically all the various territories existed in the unified place that is known for India and Burma

went under the burden or managing of the British, Manipur, the aged land proceeded as the sovereign realm of its

own till year 1891 - an autonomous Kingdom governed ceaselessly by the administration of the deitic ruler,

Pakhangba who administered calmly from 33 AD to 158 AD and afterward by his successors till 1891 AD. The

British when they started to extend their capacity in the NE locale of India and Burma they regarded the Manipuris

as their impressive partners and took their assistance in attaching their region in the area.

The incredible may of the Manipuris was at its most noteworthy top at the hours of extraordinary lords, Khagemba

(Khagi for Chinese and Ngamba for victor) and Pamheiba (Gatibniwaz) during seventeenth and eighteenth

hundreds of years individually yet it began melting away after the demise of the last mentioned, and it was at the

hour of Maharajah Chandra Kirti Singh, child of Maharajah Gambhir Singh during the nineteenth century that the

British with assuaging approaches sneaked into the State by setting up their 'kinship relations' through their political

operators.

The British at that point began 'introducing' the decision of the autonomous realm which at last had fallen under

their hands from 27 April 1891 onwards after their triumph in the war that broke out and had occurred conclusively

at 'Khongjom' around 32 kilometers south of Imphal the war known as the Anglo-Manipuri War of 1891 which

remains deified and life-changing one for the Manipuris as the annihilation of their brave ancestors endured in the

hands of the relentless and much prevalent, in current arms and weaponary, the British Force had made their 'sun'

of thousands years of age autonomy 'set' and 'lost' for eternity.

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Name of convicts who were transported for life:-

(1) Kullachandra Dhaja Singh, (Ex-Regent).

(2) Prince Angao Singh, Senapati.

(3) Lokendrajit Birjit Singh, Wangkheirakpa.

(4) Samu Singh Colonel alias Luwang Ningthou

(5) Chongtham Nilamani Singh, Ayapurel Major.

(6) Chongtham Mia Singh, Major.

(7) Uru Singh, Usurba.

(8) Chauba Hada, Machahal.

(9) Ghun Singh, Kongdram.

(10) Kumba Singh, Laisraba.

(11) Dhaja Singh, Mayengba.

(12) Nam Singh, Nepra, Machahal.

(13) Trilok Singh, Nongtholba Satwal.

(14) Dhon Singh, Sagolsemba.

(15) Ghun Singh, Indujamba Jamadar.

(16) Ningthouba Singh, Chingshuba.

(17) Thaoba Singh, Phanjao Jamadar.

(18) Tonjao Singh, Mangsatba Jamadar.

(19) Chaobatol Singh, Heigrujamba Subadar.

(20) Paradhumba Singh, alias Ashangba kut.

(21) Chowkami Naga of Mayangkhang.

(22) Gowho Naga of Mayangkhang.

JUBRAJ TIKENDRAJIT (1858-1891)

Jubraj Tikendrajit Singh, the saint of the Manipur upheaval of

1891, was conceived in 1858. He was the child of Maharaja Chandrakirti Singh and his mom's name was

Chongtham Chanu Kouseswari Devi.

During the rule of his dad (Maharaja Chandrakriti), he was

Kotwal, Senapati (during the time of Surachandra) and Jubraj (during the time of Kullachandra). In his individual

limit, he dismissed Surchandra ,the authoritative ruler in the year 1890 and introduced Kullachandra as the lord

of Manipur. The ascent of such a ground-breaking sovereign in the eastern most province of India was considered

as a danger to the British Supremacy and the Britishes chose to "hacking the fall popy". Master Landsdowne

respected this demonstration of carelessness with respect to Tikendrajit as an incredible offense. It additionally

allowed a chance to the British to meddle in the inner issues of Manipur. He resolved to oust the British from

Manipur and bring back her autonomy. Mr. Quinton showed up in Manipur on 22nd March, 1891and he requested

that the Raja hand over Tikendrajit to him as wanted by the Governor General of India . This prompted an

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immediate conflict of arms between the Manipuris and the British. In course of the Skirmish, which occurred in

the castle grounds, Quinton himself, with some of his officials were killed. On receipt of this news the British

Government sent three sections of troops to Manipur from Kohima, Silchar and Tamu. To spare their country, the

Manipuris battled valiantly under the heading of Tikendrajit. Yet, it was all futile against the predominant parasite

and arms of the British. On 27th April, 1891 the British involved Manipur. Tikendrajit was captured and after a

ridiculous preliminary by a general court-military, he was openly hanged at Pheida Pung directly B.T.Park on

thirteenth august 1891.

GENERAL THANGAL

General Thangal was one of the most conspicuous saints of the Anglo-Manipur war 1891.The starting point of

Thangal is as yet destroyed in secret. In spite of the fact that a portion of the naga clans of the Manipur guarantee

that he was initially a Naga changed over to Hindu and assimilated into the Manipuri (Meitei) Community,

Manipuri or Meitei Scholars affirm that Thangal was a Meitei. He was conceived in the Ningthouja family. His

dad's name was Kangabam Kshetri Singh, and his mom's name was Thokchom Chanu Puinu.

He got mainstream since the time of Maharaja Gambhir Singh. Yet, during the time of Chandrakriti Maharaja,

Thangal Major was the most impressive individual from the Durbar. He was exceptionally faithful to Maharaja

Chandrakriti and his children. The posts held by him were those of

Laiphamlakpa, Nunehanjaba, Commandant of the Tooli Naha

Regiment of the Manipur Army with the position of Manjor

(Major), the most elevated military position, the Ayapural, Minister accountable for Burmese issues, a Minister

of the Durbar and later a General and so forth. He was both dreaded and regarded by progressive British

Political operators in Manipur.

Notwithstanding, things changed after the demise of Chandrakriti Singh in 1886. In the spot revolt of 1890.

Jubraj Tikendrajit and Thangal drove out Surchandra, the dominant lord and introduced Kullachandra as another

leader of Manipur. This allowed a chance to the British to mediate in the issues of Manipur organization. The

Government of India deputed Quinton and his partners were executed.

Thangal General gave up to the British on seventh May 1891. An extraordinary court condemned him to death for

taking up arms against the Queen and abetment of the homicide of British officials. On the night of thirteenth

August, 1891, he was hanged with Tikendrajit. The grit of General Thangal right now of his hanging was

distinctively portrayed by one British official Lt. Col. Alban Wilson in the accompanying words: - "Tongal claim

to be too sick to even consider walking up the hangman's tree, and he was conveyed up in a seat and set underneath

the noose… … A sergeant of heavy weapons specialists, who was killer tapped the Thangal General on the

shoulder and stated, "Presently at that point, elderly person, stand up or I can't hang you".

"Thangal looked at him vacantly, and afterward at the mediator who interpreted the comment, on which the old

individual shook his head and thundered with giggling."

The translator stated, "Sir, the General states he won't rise". The Sergeant stated, most powerfully "simply tell

the old refined man I'm not going to hurt him." This as well, was deciphered however Thangal would not move.

At that point guaranteed a most appalling respite, while a man scaled to the highest point of hangman's tree to

extend the rope, and when it was balanced the two lawbreakers were loosed off."…

NIRANJAN SUBADAR

Niranjan Subadar was a Gurkha who was in the administration of the British Army. Niranjan Subadar was the

child of Daria Singh, Chetri matured 39 years of town Tikuamoh. He was an Ex-armed force (Shiphai) of the 34th

Native Infantry. He left the Britishers and joined the local power of Manipur and later designated as Subadar by

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the Tikendrajit Jubraj. He was an ex-armed force (Shiphai) of the 34th Native Infantry. He left the Britishers and

joined the local power of the Tikendrajit Jubraj. He was attempted by the boss Political Officer, Manipur Field

Force and was condemned to be hanged by the neck for helping the Manipuris against the British. The sentence

was affirmed by the official Commanding Manipur Field Force and the

Government of India. He was held tight eighth June, 1891.

KAJAO

Kajao false name Pukhramba Phingang, child of Chaoba Singh of Kangamong matured 35 joined Borachaoba

Singh child of Maharaja Nara Singh in the disobedience to Maharaja Surchandra in 1886 and was in the prison.

He was discharged by Jubraj Tikendrajit from prison in September 1890 and designated as a Jamadar. After the

Durbar in the royal residence the evening of 24 April 1891 he skewered to death Mr. Grimwood then the political

Agent on the progression of the Durbar corridor. He was attempted by the Chief Political Officer Manipur Field

Force and was condemned to death. He was held tight 25th May, 1891 at 7 a.m.

GHIRAI NAGA ALIAS CHIRAI THANGAL

Chirai Naga/Thangal child of Chunba of Mayangkhang matured 30 years was put to preliminary by the Chief

Political Officers, Manipur Field power for the assault and murder of the Telegraph officials at Mayangkhang

viz W.B Melville and O'Brien. On 25th April 1891 after the execution of the 5 Britishes at Kangla a segment of

Maipuri troops under the administration of – Ashang Kut, Polia came to Mayangkhang. At the point when the

Manipuri troops came to Myangkhang, the locals told that 2 British Offficers of the Telegraph Deptt. Were

remaining in the Mayangkhang Dak Bunglow. At the point when the Manipuris discharged volleys of shots,

Mr.O'Brien was immediately executed however W.B.Melville got away with his rifle under front of obscurity. A

major pursuit was mounted in the close by wilderness. Chirai Naga discovered W.B. Melville close to a stream

injured. He was executed and his head cut off by Chirai Naga and brought to the town as a Trophy.

Chirai Naga was captured and attempted by the Political Officer of the Manipur field Force and held tight

thirteenth Oct. 1891, inside the prison.

KULACHANDRA DHAJA (EX-REGENT)

(The Convicts who were moved forever.)

Maharaja Kulachandra Dhaja, was the child of Maharaja

Chandrakirti and Chongtham Chanu Naha Lukeswari. General

Thangal and Tikendrajit opposed the authoritative lord

Surchandra who had relinquished for his relative Kulachandra Dhaja. Kulachandra rose the position of authority

of Manipur on 23rd Sept. 1890. By temparament he was a man of honorable and gentle habits. As indicated by

Meitei Puwari "Kulachandra Singh constantly attempted to modify his siblings with each other. He vowed to his

dad before his passing that he would consistently be genial with his siblings. At the point when he turned into the

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ruler of Manipur he attempted to appropriate the land to the landless individuals." But shockingly with the

happening to Mr. Quinton to Manipur War broke out.

After the war of Independence 1891, Maharaja Kulachandra was captured on 1891 Maharaja Kulachandra was

captured on eighth May, 1891, and was attempted before a unique commission under the administration of Lt.

Col. St. John Mitchell on charge of taking up arms against the Queen Empress and moved for life with forfiture

of properties. He kicked the bucket on 26-1-1934 at Radhakund, U.P.

Sovereign ANGOU SINGH SENAPATI

Sovereign Angou Sana Senapati, matured 25 years’ child of Maharaj Chandrakirti Singh and Queen Haobam

Chanu.

During the time of Maharaja Surchandra he was a Dolairoi

Hanjaba. As indicated by the announcement of Angou Senapati"I have been Senapati since October 1890, for

example around one month after Kulachandra became Maharaja". Angou senapati battled against the British on

24th March, 1891, he was captured on eighteenth May, 1891,by the British.

A Special court containing

1) Lieutenant Colonel St. John Fancourt Mitchell, Asst. Aide

General as president,

2) Major Richard Kirly Ridgeway V.C. Commandant 44th

Gurkha Rifles as part and

A. W. Davis Esq. Indian Civil Service Deputy Commissioner, Naga Hills as part was comprised for attempting

the Manipur rulers. Angou Sana, Senapati was attempted by the extraordinary Court from seventeenth to 22nd

June 1891 and saw him as liable of Waging War against Queen Empress of

India and abetment of homicide of Mr.Quinton, Colonel Skene, Lieutenant Simpson, Mr. Cossins and he was

condemned to death yet his sentence was later driven to transportation forever.

LOKENDRA BIRJIT SINGH, WANGKHEIRAKPA

Lokendra Birjit Singh, Wangkheirakpa, child of Singh Dhaja Senapati of Kangjeibung Mapal, matured 43 was a

conspicuous man. He battled against the British on 24th March 1891 and assaulted the western essence of

British Residency and furthermore along these lines battled against the British troop at Thoubal. He was

captured on ninth July 1891 and attempted by the Chief Political Officer, Manipur Field Force. He was moved

for life with relinquishment of property. (Vide No. 1690 E. from Deputy Secretary to Government of India, to

General Officer Commanding, Manipur Field Force, dated the twentieth August 1891).

SAMU SINGH COLONEL

Samu Singh, Colonel assumed name Luwang Ningthou child of Arambam Nityainanda Leikai, matured 60 years

was one of the noticeable officials of the Maharaja. On 24th March 1891 when battling went on between the

British soldiers and military of Manipur State, he was in order of the gatekeeper at the terminating purpose of

South Gate of the fortress. He was attempted by the Chief Political Officer, Manipur Field

Force and was condemned to death on the charge of Waging War against Queen Empress of India and abetment

of homicide of British Officers. The governon General in Council transmitted the death penalty and he was shipped

during the delight of the Government of India, to General Officer

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Commanding, Mnipur Field Force, dated the 26th june1891).

CHONGTHAM NILAMANI SINGH, AYA PUREL

Chongtham Nilamani Singh, Aya Purel Major, child of Kala Singh of Nongthonbam Leikai, matured 55 years was

responsible for Burmese issues (External undertakings) and was in order of the Maharaja's protector and of the

stronghold, after the triumph of Manipur by the British he was captured on ninth May, 1891. He was attempted

by the Chief Political Officer, Manipur Field Force and condemned to death however in this way of (Kalapani)

Port Blair with relinquishment of property. He passed on at Brindaban in the year 1897.

CHONGTHA MIA SINGH MAJOR

Chongtha Mia Singh, Major was child of Badrian of Lalambung, matured 50, Manipuri. He battled against the

British soldiers on 24th and 25th walk 1891 when the British soldiers assaulted the Palace to capture Tikendrajit

Senapati and later at thoubal as a pioneer of Manipur Force. He instructed Manipuri troops at khongjom and

opposed the Advance of tamu section on 25th April 1891. He was captured at Thoubal. He was later attempted by

the boss Political Officer, Manipur Field Force from fifth May to twelfth May 1891 and condemned him to death

for taking up arms against the Queen Empress. The request was affirmed by H.Collett, Major General

Commanding, and Manipur Field Force on twelfth May, 1891. Be that as it may, the sentence of death was driven

to one of transportation for life by request of Government of India. Be that as it may, he was discharged from

Penal settlement of Port Blair, Andaman, in the year 1897. In the year 1898 on 28th October he applied to the

British Government mentioning for award of Rs.100/ - (Rupees one hundred) for his support. Around then he was

at Radhakund, Muttra N.W.P. The Government of India consented to his petition with respect to the award of

Rs.100/ - (Rupees one hundred) for his upkeep additionally requested to dwell anyplace in India aside from in

Manipur. As needs be Chongtha Mia Singh dwelled at Radhakund during the last piece of his life.

URU SINGH USURBA

Uru Singh, Usurba, child of Churamani Singh of Kubo Leikai. Lalup Chingba was joined to the Top Guard. He

was one of the guards who walked Mr.Quinton, Chief Commissioner of Assam and other British Officers the

evening of 2-3-1891 to the location of their homicide. He was attempted by the Chief Political Officer, Manipur

Field Force in May, 1891 and sentenced for transportation during the delight of the Government of India. (Vide

Secretary to Government of India's No. 1653 E. dated the eighteenth August 1891, to General Officer

Commanding Manipur Field).

CHAUBA HIDA MACHAHAL

Chouba hida Machahal, child of Guna Singh of town

Ningombam Leikai was one of the guards who walked the

Chief Commissioner of the guards who walked the Chief Commissioner of Assam and other British Officers to

the location of their homicide the evening of 24th March, 1891.

He was attempted by the Chief Political official, Manipur Field Force and condemned to death on the charge of

homicide of British Officers, however drove to transportation during the delight of Government of India No. 1653

E, dated the eighteenth August 1891 to the General Officer Commanding, Manipur Field Force.

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GHUN SINGH, KONGDRAM

Ghun Singh, Kongdram Lalupchingba child of Lilaiba of Wangkhei, matured 50 years was one of the Sentries

who walked Mr.J.W. Quinton, Chief Commissioner of Assam and other British Officers viz. Colonel Skene,

Lieutenant Simpson, Mr. Cossins to the location of their homicide the evening of

24th March, 1891. He was attempted by the Chief Political Officer and condemned him to death on sixth July

1891. Yet, the request was later driven to transportation during the delight of the Government of India.

KUMBA SINGH, LAISHRABA

Kumba Singh, Laishram, child of Kajao of Yumnam Leikai, matured 27 years was a Sipahi and one of the guards

who walked the British Officers viz. Mr. J.W. Quinton, Chief Commissioner of Assam, Col. Skene, Lieutenant

Simpson Mr. Cossins to the location of their homicide. He was attempted before the Chief Political official,

Manipur Field Force and condemned to death. Be that as it may, the request was driven to transportment of India.

DHAJA SINGH MAYENGBA

Dhaja Singh, Mayengba child of Dharma Singh of Mayengbam Leikai, 33 years old was a Sipahi and one of the

guards who walked the four British Officers remembering Chief Commissioner of Assam for the evening of 24th

March 1891 to the area of their homicide. He was attempted by Major Maxwell, the Chief Political official,

Manipur field Force, and condemned to death for the British Officers. The request was driven to transportation

during the joy of Government of India.

NAM SINGH, NEPRA MACHAHAL

Nam Singh, Nepra Machahal, child of Kumba Singh of Yambem Leikai, matured 28 years was one of the guards

who walked the four english officials the evening of 24th March, 1891 from the Durbar Hall to the area of their

homicide. He was attempted alongside different guards by the Chief Political Officer, Manipur Field Force and

condemned to death for the homicide of British Officers. The request for the death penalty was driven to

transportation during the joy of Government of India (Vide Secretary to the Government of India's No.1653

E.dated the eighteenth August, 1891 to the General Officer Commanding, Manipur Field Force).

TRILOK SINGH

Trilok Singh, Nongtholba Satwal, child of Kala Singh of Kubo Leikai, matured 60 years was Satwal or Head of

Lanmis who complete executions. He was attempted by the Chief Political Officer, Manipur Field Force and

passed request on sixth july

1891 for executing on sixth july 1891 for British Officers viz, Mr. J. W. Quinton. Boss Commissioner of Assam,

Colonel Skene, Liutenant Simpson and Mr.Cossins. The sentence was driven to transportation during the joy of

the Governor General in board (Vide Telegram to 1609 E.dated Simla the eleventh August 1891 from the Secretary

to the Government of India. Outside Department to the Secretary to the Chief Commissioner of Assam.

DHON SINGH

Dhon Singh, Sagolsenba, child of Anindram of Khongang Pheidekpi Makha, age 50 years was man who really

decapitated the British Officers. Detail of the genuine execution are presently accessible in the Manipur State

Archives. Sagle Donor Singh utilized a" TENDONG THANG"- a since quite a while ago dealt with sword for the

execution. He remained before the 2 mythical serpents confronting north while the Britishes are walked

individually. The Britisher was in a standing situation before the winged serpents confronting west while Sagolsem

Dhono confronted North. Two of the Britishes was guillotined in one blow of the sword, while two Britishes

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required two blows of the sword to execute their heads. He was attempted by the Chief Political Officer, Manipur

Field Force and indicted for the demise which sentence had been driven to transportation during the joy of the

Governor General in committee.

GHUN SINGH

Ghun Singh, Indujamba, Jamadar, child of Sajouba Singh of Sagolband matured 42 years was available when the

last volleys were terminated by Nagas and Manipuris into the Mayangkhang Dak Bunglow where Mr.O'Brien was

executed.

He was attempted by the Chief Political Officer, Manipur Field Force and the court was of the supposition that he

more likely than not been available from the earliest starting point. Under these conditions he was moved forever

taking up arms against the Queen and murder of Signaller O'Brien of Telegraph Department (vide No. 2093

E.dated the 22nd October, 1891, from the Under Secretary to the Government of India, to the Chief Political

Officer, Manipur).

NINGTHOUBA SINGH

Ningthouba Singh, Chingsuba Jamadar, child of Bir Singh of

Kubo Leikai, matured 41 years was dispatched up the Kohima Road subsequent to battling started on 24th March,

1891 between British soldiers and Manipuris to strengthen the Manipuris stations. He was available when the last

volley was terminated into the boss political official. Manipur Field Force and was condemned to transportation

for life on sixth

September, 1891 on the charge of (1) Waging war against the Queen and (2) Murder of Signaller O'Brien of

Telegraph Department.

THAOBA SINGH

Thaoba Singh Phanjao jamadar child of Angao Singh of Kabo Leikai, matured 40 years was in Mayangkhang

when Mr.

O'Brien Signaller of the Telegraph Department was executed. He was attempted and condemned to transportation

for life on the charge of (1) taking up arms against the Queen and (2) Murder of Signaller O'Brien on 25-3-1891.

TONJAO SINGH

Tonjao Singh, Mangsataba Jamadar child of Chaotol Singh of Kabo Leikai was attempted and accused of taking

up arms against the Queen and for the homicide of Messrs Melville and O'Brien condemned to transportation

forever.

CHAOBATOL SINGH, HEIGRUJAMBA

Chaobatol Singh, Heigrujamba Subadar, child of Pangandong of Kongmapan, matured 62 was in order of the

gathering of Manipuri troops sent up the Kohima street on 24th March, 1891. He was accused of taking up arms

against the Queen and for the homicide of Messrs Melville and O'Brien of Telegraph Department at Mayangkhang

and condemned to death on sixth September. 1891 which sentence was driven to transportation forever.

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PARADHUMBA SINGH

Paradhumba Singh, Ashangba Khut, child of Tojanoba Singh of Wangkhei was a Havildar of Mayangkhang

station and was on the job on 24th, 25th and 26th March, 1891. On receipt of requests from the maharaja of

Manipur to capture British subjects and on the off chance that they oppose to murder them. He gathered Nagas

from Mayangkhang town to do the requests before the appearance of the Jamadars and Subadars. He was

attempted under the steady gaze of the court of the Chief Political official, Manipur Field Force and condemned

to transportation for life on the charge of homicide of Signaller O'Brien of Telegraph Department.

CHOWKAMI NAGA OF MAYANGKHANG

Chokemen Nag-he was available during the assault on Mayangkhang Bunglow when the Sinaller O'Brien was

executed. He was additionally with Chirai Naga when the last murdered Mr. Melville the Superintendent of the

Telegraph Department. He was attempted and condemned to transportation for life on seventh March, 1892 on

the charge of (1) Murder of Signaller O'Brien and (2) Abetment of homicide of Mr.Melville. (Vide Secretary to

the Chief Commissioner's No. 1822 dated 23rd April, 1892).

GOWHO NAGA OF MAYANGKHANG

Gowho Naga was available during the assault on Mayangkhang Bunglow when the Signaller O'Brien was

executed. He was additionally with Chirai Naga when last murdered Mr. Melville the Superintendent of the

Telegraph Department. He was attempted and condemned to transportation for life on seventh March, 1892 on

the charge of (1) Murder of Signaller O'Brien and (2) Abetment of Murder of Mr. Melville.

Objectives:

The Manipur Anglo war had sufficient opportunity to harm the psyches of the sovereigns by bring forth a

profound perched contention so as to achieve their loathsome objective.

After a meeting between Lord Landsdowne , the Viceroy of India and Mr. J.W.Quinton, Chief Commissioner of

Assam on 21st Feb. 1891, the accompanying choices were shown up at:-

(1) Removal of Senapati Tikendrajit from Manipur.

(2) Recognizing Regent Kullachandra as Maharaja and

(3) Making known the choice by close to home visit of Quinton to Manipur.

Discussion:

The Chief Commissioner Mr. J.W. Quinton showed up to

Manipur on 22nd March, 1891 at 10 a.m. He was gotten by Tikendrajit and Thangal General with a watchman of

respect by the Manipuri troops. Really, Mr. Quinton's visit to Manipur with his misinformed strategic a significant

reason for the Anglo-Manipur war, 1891. Mr. Quinton and his gathering prompted the slaughter of their target to

catch Tikendrajit Singh. On 24th March,1891 at 4.45 a.m. the British power unexpectedly assaulted the living

arrangement of Tikendrajit Jubraj. At around 8 p.m. the situation of the attacking soldiers got basic, the Residency

couldn't be held any longer, and Mr. Quinton organized and peace negotiation and sent to welcome the Maharaja.

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The Maharaj answered in Bengali as "Jadi/Astri Sastra pheli padia'". There was a conversation about the

importance of the word sent by the Maharaja. They sent a letter to Tikendrajit Jubraj and last approached the Chief

Commissioner to want a Durbar in the Palace.

Mr. Quinton, Mr. Grimwood, Colonel Skene, Mr. Cossins and Lieutnant Simpson, escaped the Residency with a

bugler and continued to the castle Durbar lobby. Jubraj Tikendrajit and the British officials talked about for 30

minutes. The announcement of Tikendrajit during his preliminary portrays the circumstance.

In this manner - " Mr. Quinton, Mr. Dismal wood, Lieutenant Simpson and two other courteous fellows at that

point came in and held the Durbar with Angou Mingto and myself. After the standard salute and shaking of hands

were finished, I enquired about Mrs. Grimwood, and was educated regarding their wellbeing. I at that point said

that the Chief

Commissioner has acted so cruelly, and in this way pulverized the fellowship and harmony which existed up until

now. The men were tremendously enraged by the unfriendly activities taken first by British soldiers, and it was

profoundly fitting to settle and halt from further activities. The officials at that point communicated their lament

and said that they presently needed to go to Kohima, and there might be no greater antagonistic vibe on either

sides. It was then proposed by me that except if the arms of the British soldiers were made over, which I vowed

to have securely conveyed by my own coolies and conveyed at Kohima, the simple expressions of the Chief

Commissioner could barely be answered on, as it gave the idea that he just imagined fellowship so as to pick up

time for additional assaults. Since he utilized a great deal of affectations about going to Tammu, at that point to

Kohima, at that point engage a 'Nautch party' than to welcome me to a durbar; while he masterminded everything

for my capture. To this the officials differ and I, craving to counsel the clergymen of top-watch, left them with

Angou Mingto".

At that point the British officials moved towards the entryway, the angered individuals assaulted them. In

this way, the British officials ended up in the gravest peril. Mr.

Quinton, the Chief Commissioner, Colonel Skene, Mr. Cossins, Lieutenant Simpson and the bugler were

guillotined by the open killer just before the two mythical serpents by the request for Jubraj Tikendrajit Singh and

General Thangal on 24th March 1891. After this, the Manipur troops assaulted all the British stations in Manipur.

In the northern side, two British officials of the Telegraph Department viz. Mr. W.B. Melville, Superintendent of

Telegraph and Mr. O'Brian, a signaler likewise lost their lives regarding this out-break at Mayangkhang.

On hearing the news, the British soldiers moved towards Manipur from three headings for example Kohima,

Kachar and Burma. Therefore the children of Manipur battled against the British for their homeland. Numerous

saints like Yaiskul Lakpa, Chinglensana, Brajabasi Paona and Mairaba and so on relinquished their lives. On 27th

April, 1891 the British lifted their banner at Kangla (presently the Assam Rifles territory). From this day onwards,

the Manipuris were under the immediate control of the British.

Conclusion:

After the Anglo-Manipuri War , 1891, numerous people were captured and their cases were attempted by the

British. The accompanying Manipuris were held tight charges of taking up arms against the Queen Empress of

India and reduction of homicide of Mr. Quinton, the Chief Commissioner of Assam, Colonel Skene ,

Commissioner of Assam, Colonel Skene,

Commanding official 42nd Gurkha Light Infantry, Mr. St. Clair

Grimwood, Indian Civil Services, Political Agent in Manipur, Lieutenant W.H.C ossine, Indian Civil Service,

Assistant Secretary to the Chief Commissioner of Assam.

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Other than these saints were considered liable for the homicide of Superintendent of Telegraph, Assam

Division, and a Signaller, Mr. O'Brien, who went with him, by the Manipuri rebels at Mayangkhang, out

and about among Manipur and Kohima.

References:

1. http://epao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur

.Cause_and_Impact_of_Anglo_Manipur_War_1891_Part_1_By_Khuraijam_Athouba

2. https://sites.google.com/site/loktaksite/anglo-manipuri-war-1891

3. http://archivesmanipur.nic.in/whoswho.htm