in general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. ...

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Ionization Energy In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum level do not completely shield the increasing nuclear charge caused by the added protons. Electrons in the same principal quantum level are generally more strongly bound from left to right on the periodic table. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 1

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Page 1: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Ionization Energy

In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases.

Why? Electrons added in the same principal

quantum level do not completely shield the increasing nuclear charge caused by the added protons.

Electrons in the same principal quantum level are generally more strongly bound from left to right on the periodic table.Copyright © Cengage

Learning. All rights reserved 1

Page 2: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Starter: Look at your Ionization Energy Graph. Does this relationship hold true?

Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 2

Page 3: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Ionization Energy

In general, as we go down a group from top to bottom, the first ionization energy decreases.

Why? The electrons being removed are, on average,

farther from the nucleus.

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Page 4: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Ionization Energy

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Page 5: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Concept Check

Which atom would require more energy to remove an electron? Why?

Na Cl

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Page 6: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Concept Check

Which atom would require more energy to remove an electron? Why?

Li Cs

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Page 7: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Atomic Size

In general as we go across a period from left to right, the atomic radius decreases. Effective nuclear charge increases,

therefore the valence electrons are drawn closer to the nucleus, decreasing the size of the atom.

In general atomic radius increases in going down a group. Orbital sizes increase in successive

principal quantum levels.Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 7

Page 8: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Starter: Look at your graph for atomic radius. Does it agree with this diagram?Relative atomic size of atoms:

Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 8

Page 9: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Concept Check

Which should be the larger atom? Why?Na Cl

Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 9

Page 10: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Concept Check

Which should be the larger atom? Why?Li Cs

Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 10

Page 11: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Concept Check

Which is larger? The hydrogen 1s orbital The lithium 1s orbitalWhich is lower in energy?The hydrogen 1s orbitalThe lithium 1s orbital

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Page 12: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Exercise

Arrange the elements oxygen, fluorine, and sulfur according to increasing:

Ionization energy Atomic size

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Page 13: In general, as we go across a period from left to right, the first ionization energy increases. Why? Electrons added in the same principal quantum

Assignment

Handout booklet#1-7, 10, 15, 16

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