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March 1992 Ontario Division Vol. 51, No.3

$1 million gift foroldest, largest miningschool boosts mineengineering program

$1 million gift from IncoLimited is allowing mming engineering stu-

dents at Queen's University inKingston to benefit from fournewly-refurbished under-graduate laboratories thatwere officially opened re-cently.

The funding has allowedCanada's oldest and largestmining school to purchasecomputer and other equip-ment for use in the rock me-chanics and ground control,mineral extraction, mine ven-tilation, mine environmentand computeiized ssiine de-sign laboratories.

Inco President MichaelSopko said at the opening cer-emony this morning that

Queen's School of Mines hasbeen graduating mining en-gineers since the turn of thecentury and many of themhave made their careers withInco.

"It's in our best interests todevelop mining engineers whowill be able to handle the tech-nologies of the next century,"Sopko added.

"The student response hasbeen outstanding" said WillBawden, head of the universi-ty's Department of MiningEngineering. "It's somethingthat was badly needed".

inco's gift to the universi-ty's five-year Challenge Cam-paign fund-raising drive isanother example of the min-ing industry's continuing sup-

Employee attitudesimpress visitingconsultantH igh-tech mining tech-

niques, highly-skilledand motivated miners,

the scope of Inco's operationsand the enthusiasm of em-ployees at their work.

That's what PriceWaterhouse senior consultantMarli Ramsey counts amongthe most impressive things shelearned in a two-day visit toInco.

"But what struck me themost was the underground(South Mine) tour," she said."1 never thought there wouldbe so few people down there todo the mining. The degree ofautomation below groundand the professionalismneeded to do it was perhapsthe most impressive thing I'vecome away with."

Marli's Inco tour was thefirst of about 10 visits to minesites she'll make in a Employ-ment and ImmigrationCanada human resources

study of the mining industry.The primary objective of thePrice Waterhouse study is todetermine possible courses ofaction to ensure that the in-dustry will have the humanresources capability to com-pete on a global scale.

The study is designed todraw on a wide range of in-

port for a strong mining engi-neering program at Queen's,he added.

"This is an extremely sig-nificant contribution," saidBawden, citing the lack ofbasebudget allocations faced byuniversities across Canada forthe renewal and updating oflaboratory undergraduateteaching equipment.

More than half of Cana-da's mining engineers holddegrees from the Queen'sSchool of Mines, which cel-ebrates its 100th anniversaryin 1993. Graduates from theschool can be found in allparts of the world, oftenquickly rising to positions ofresponsibility in major com-panies.

dustry stakeholders throughinterviews with industry ex-perts, mine, mill and smeltermanagers, union representa-tives, technology experts andtraining providers, case stud-ies, focus groups with workersand students in relevant min-ing related programs.

continued on page 2

Volunteers waniedfor Mining W k

Ontario celebrates Mining eek June 1 to 7and Inco is looking for pensioners tp join the

Outdoor exhibits of miring equipment Qfld:indoor mining displays will mark the week at theNew Sudbury Centre. Pensioners are invite4 o:volunteer their time staffing the Inco :dlsplay:from Thursday, June 4 to Saturday, June 6

Those interested can call Karen De8enedètat682-5432

Women EngineersSaving Energy Inco's 90th Birthday I

MAY 5

2 MARCH 1992

Employee attitudes impress visiting consultantcontinued from page 1

While at Inco, Marli vis-ited South Mine, ClarabelleMill, the Nickel Refinery, andthe Canadian Alloys Plant.She interviewed instructorsand apprentices to discussskills, job requirements andcareer decisions. She was im-pressed by the attitudes, mo-rale, pride and enthusiasmshown by the people shetalked to.

"The Inco visit concludedwith a personal interview withVice-President of Human Re-sources and AdministrationJose Blanco who describedtraining and development atInco, particularly in connec-tion to the program developedin partnership with CambrianCollege.

"He also gave me an in-sight into the global competi-live view of the industry, howInco plans to keep the com-petitive edge and the prob-lems involved in that," Marlisaid of the Blanco interview."It was very helpful.

"What I found amazing ishow these people accepted thefact that they will have to keeplearning the rest of their livesto keep up with rapidly chang-

ing technology. They've ac-cepted it and they're willing todo it. Part of their job is life-long learning."

She said the study is de-signed to help avoid any fu-ture shortages in skilled work-ers needed to keep the Cana-dian mining industry competi-tive. She's particularly frustrated with the attitude thatonly white collar work isworthwhile and that the tradesare second-rate jobs.

She pointed to Inco as agood example of the appre-ciation, respect and desirabil-ity of skilled tradesmen, bothfinancially and in terms ofjobsatisfaction.

Employment and Immi-gration Minister BernardValcourt announced the jointgovernment-industry studylast summer, describing it asan assessment of the natureand extent of the industry'shuman resource require-ments. He called the "partner-ship approach" to ensuringskilled labor the "wave of thefuture."

By means of a comprehen-sive analysis of critical indus-try concerns, the 10-monthjoint diagnostic review will

focus on a thorough assess-ment of human resources inthe mining industry and pro-vide insights into possiblecourses of action.

"This initiative from the

mining industry is a signifi-cant step towards developinga coordinated approach to thehuman resources situationthat could lay the groundworkfor any needed cooperative

Consultant Mar11 Ramsey gets an overview of the problems facing mining companiesduring an interview with Human Resources and Administration vice-president JoseBlanco.

How do you view the future for Inco'sSudbury mining operation?

Edward Fredette, mainte-narice mechanic, McCreedyWest: "I can see that if the nickelprice drops even more than ithas been it could start tothreaten our jobs. But it doesn'tbother me now. The work forceis leaner and the company is inbetter shape to weather it."

Chris Cardinal, training in-structor, Stobie: "Ithink our jobsare pretty stable. With the poi-son pill we took, we don't haveto worry about any takeovers.The quarterly loss we took lastlime is temporary. We're in goodshape to ride this out.

Allen Loughren, industrialmechanic, Levack: "I don'tthink it will ever get as bad as10 years ago. I can't see Incogoing the way it did before. Thecompany is better prepared. Theworkforce has been greatly re-duced and all the cuts havealready been made."

John Larsen, trainee fore-man, Little Stobie: "We're in goodshape. There's a lot of improve-ments coming on stream to cutcosts, a lot of joint union-man-agement cooperation. Every-body's got an interest in keepingthis place going, from the work-ing man to management.

Ron Marcotte, industrialmechanic, Levack: "We're ameaner, leaner outfit thesedays, but even though, we're alittle too close to the line for myliking. When it started goingdown like this before, we darnednear lost the company. I can'tsee it getting that bad again."

Nancy Nadjiwon, shippingclerk, Copper Refinery: "I sup-pose there's a possibility wecould get to the place we were inthe early 1980s. Icertainly don'tthink that we have as much jobsecurity as before. I'm just be-ing realistic."

remedial action," Valcourtsaid.

A preliminary study reportis expected by August of thisyear.

Maurice Dubreuil, heavyduty mechanic, McCreedy West:"Hard times are changing myplans for a lot of things. But Ihave 19 years with Inco, enoughto ride it out without much con-cern about my job. The com-pany seems geared up, able tocope."

Shirley Millan, senior ship-per, Copper Refinery: "There'salways a need for nickel in themarket. But in this day and agewe don't have the job securitywe used to have. Computersand high technology are replac-ing a lot of people."

,, :.f

The Triangle

Bin Painting Day a colorful success

Waste Segregation Program arrives atSmelter Complex

t could go down asThe Great Inco Brush Offof'92. With paint brushes

in hand, management andunion representatives, publicofficials and community lead-ers gathered at the Smelter onMarch24 to put a little time to

• waste.It was the official send-off

of the Waste Segregation Pro-gram, a joint company/UnitedSteelworkers of America effortto meet environmental tar-gets setby Inco's Environmen-tal Policy and the Ontario Gov-ernment in the Waste Reduc-tion Initiatives Paper.

Bin Painting Day markedthe official start of the WasteSegregation Program for themanagerial areas of the Cop-per Cliff Smelter, Copper CliffMill and Transportation.

Inco management, staff,Local 6500 members and otherinvited guests enthusiasticallypainted 75 bins, a fact verifiedby changing colors of the once-monochrome coveralls do-nated for the day by NorthernUniform Service. Panko Paintsprovided the paint at a gener-ous discount and donatedpainters' hats. NIM Disposalsdonated their trucks to movethe bins to the painting loca-tions and return them to theirfinal destinations.

I"

Inco's new waste segregation program got its official start with a bin painting eventat the Smelter that saw company, union, government and business representativesgrab brushes and spray cans. Under the expanded Inco program, the boxes are color-coded to receive different types of waste, allowing more effective disposal andrecycling. Taking part are, from left; Rayside-Balfour mayor Lionel Lalonde, Sudburyand District Chamber of Commerce president Jeanne Warwick and Inco's Safety,Health and Environment manager Larry Banbury.

The Ministry of the Envi-ronment is targeting a 25 per-cent reduction in material sentto landfill sites by 1994, and50 per cent by the year 2000.Both Inco and Local6SOO havedecided to adopt a proactivestance with regards to thisimpending legislation.

Although Inco is not re-quired to implement a sourceseparation program untilMarch 1994, managementde-cided there is no time like thepresent.

The Waste Segregation Pro-gram was initially developedby Environmental Control inJuly 1991, after the depart-ment was approached by in-dividuals at the Levack Com-plex. Management at Levackwas concerned the landfill sitewould not meet the increas-ing industrial waste output ofthe Complex with ColemanMine starting up in full forceearly in 1991.

A color-coding system wasdeveloped, as well as writtenlabels on the bins, with thegoal that the system wouldeventually be in placethroughout the Ontario Divi-sion. Now employees placescrap metals such as brass,copper and steel in grey bins,which are sent to a central

continued on page 10

Ontario Division president Jim Ashcroft (left) and Local 6500 president Dave Campbell paint a more environmentally-conscious future.

4 MARCH 1992 1u.iiirai!7IiirtfTj ______ _____

Women in engineering play leadingrole in needed attitude shift: AshcroftI

t was with enthusiasmand unbridled optimismthat Jim Ashcroft viewed

the concerns of the mostly fe-male students, faculty andstaff who gathered at aWomen in tngineering con-ference atLaurentian Univer-sity recently.

"Speaking as one whosecompany is rapidly coming toterms with the reality of glo-bal competition," Inco's On-tario Division president toldthe group, "I regard symposi-ums like this one with enthu-siasm and with unbridled op-timism. What is happeninghere today is exciting, vitaland necessary to the processof change."

He told the group that Ca-nadian businesses can nolonger be indifferent to thechallenges and opportunitiesthat confront them nor affordto wait for something to breakbefore they embark on crucialchanges.

"And just as businesses arebeing forced to cope withchange more swiftly than everbefore, then the engineeringprofession is being compelledto break down barriers andembrace new values, ideasand issues," he said. "In fo-cusing on the challenge toattract more women into ourprofession while meeting newsocietal and technologicaldemands, engineering is em-barking on a decade of his-toric change."

While rapid change isneeded, he lamented that thechanging of attitudes is some-times the most time-consum-ing of all.

"If we were to look at somefairly recent statistics concern-ing our profession in Canadaand the current status ofwomen within it, then we cansee that there is indeed a brightfuture for engineers and limit-less opportunities for womenif they can just be persuadedto give the profession a sec-ond and longer look in theircareer strategies."

He said that the CanadianCouncil of Engineers has esti-mated there will be a shortageof upto 30,000 engineers inthe country by the end of thedecade. "ret of the approxi-mately 158,000 engineers inCanada two years ago, onlythreeper cent, fewer that5,000, were women. That'sdespite the fact that womenmade up about 14.5 per centof the students enroled in en-gineering schools across thecountry in 1990-91."

Heroes:needed

The engineering professionitself is largely to blame for itscurrent dilemma, he told thegroup. "Where are our newheroes of engineering? Whoare today's Madame Curies,Kodaks, }ords?"

He said the profession has"taken sanctuary" behind itstechnical and scientific cre-dentials and comes across, toa skeptical public, as aloof,clinical and about as appeal-

ing as accountants and carsalesmen.

"I would jokingly wagerthat the television series StarTrek has had more impact ininspiring young people to pur-sue engineering, science andmedicine than all of our engi-neering awareness cam-

paigns," he said.Mr. Ashcroft said the na-

ture of engineering and ourpast history have also workedagainst making the professionattractive to women. "Fromthe days of the great Romanengineers until today, engi-neering has been looked uponas almost a male only occu-pation. Historically, there mayhave been practical andsocietal reasons why mendominated the profession. In-creasingly today, this genderstereotyping should be irrel-evant.

"Mining engineers of mygeneration came along when

female engineering studentswere a rarity, not just a minor-ity. Later, when we startedour careers, not surprisinglywe encountered few, if any,women in our business. Partlyit was the inhospitable envi-ronment women encounteredwhen they did penetrate this

malebastion. Moreoftenthonnot, they were the lone femaleengineer on an engineeringteam. How manywomen heretoday have felt the chill windson entering male sanctuar-ies? I bet there are countlesswomen today in law, medi-cine or the media who haveexperienced similar rebuffs,hostility and obstacles to ad-vancement."

He said engineering maybe among the worst and theslowest to thange and, in onesense, reflects society's inabil-ity to honestly deal with re-dressing generations ofwrongs.

While he said that Inco hasprobably been no better his-torically than any other Ca-nadian natural resource in-dustry, it is changing. "Westill have barriers to tumble,paradigms to shift, attitudesto change. For women at Inco,there is a great role to play in

dramatically improving ourworkplace."

While he said there are only270 women among 7,400employees in the Ontario Di-vision, they are role modelsfor another generation ofwomen coming up. More than30 of the women are employedon the hourly side of the busi-ness working In plants, refin-eries, mills and smelter in non-traditional roles as crane, fur-nace and flotation operators,refinery assistants and sectionleaders.

"Almost two years ago wehired our first female miner inmore than a decade, and I

should add, she was hiredunder new, tougher educa-tion, skill and aptitude guide-lines we introduced to meetthe future technological de-mands of underground min-ing."

While most of Inco's femaleemployees are occupied in tra-ditional staff functions, sev-eral females are in senior man-agement, including the comp-trofler and about 18 per centof the engineering, geologicaland planning force.

Getting better

"We are getting better," hesaid, "but there is still a longway to go."

He said Inco and other min-ing companies are willing andeager to hire qualified femaleengineers to fill vacancies andmust create a more attractiveand responsive work environ-ment. "But the underlying re-sponsibility for generatingthese new engineers must restwith an enlightened educa-tion system and the changingof societal conceptions of whatIs and what is not women'swork."

Asa "customer" of the edu-cational system, the miningindustry continues to fosterstrong links with communitycolleges and universities onissues such as course curricu-lum and standards.

Techniques to attract fe-males are just part of an effortto ensure a secure source ofhighly-skilled and motivatedemployees to take the indus-try into the 21st century, hesaid.

"Three years ago, for In-stance, we launched an In-dustry first in Canada with anInco/Cambrian College pro-gram to develop our futuremining, milling and refiningemployees."

He pointed to the morethan 200 students who annu-ally work at Inca during thesummer, many of them fe-male. "In time, many of themwill become, I hope, Inco em-ployees."

He said Inco people are be-ginning to embrace thechanges with enthusiasm, andmulti-disciplined, hand-picked teams have alreadyidentified a score of opportu-nities for productivity andquality improvements acrossthe Division

"In this new scheme ofthings," he said, "the future isunlimited for women, espe-cially in engineering and re-lated disciplines.

"To get that brainpower -the new generation of engi-neers - we must find ways tochange the public and par-ticularly young people's per-ception of our actions. Wemust stand up nd tell ourstory.

It is a great o1e, eventhough we may take somelumps in the process. If we dothat successfully, we will seethe bright young people re-turn to our profession. Failureto do so does not bear contem-plation."

Ontario Division president Jim Ashcroft addresses a Women In Engineeringconference at Laurentlan University.

The Triangle 5

p

Female engineer foundacceptance lacking

Since the topic of theconference today is aboutwomen in non-traditionalroles, such as engineering, Ifeel I can give you some first-hand news of how it feels to bewithin this women's minor-ity. I am actually in a doubleminority - on top of being aprofessional engineer, I alsowork in the male-dominatedmining industry. Because ofthis job situation, I have ori-ented my commentary towardproblems I have encounteredbeing a female in a male work-ing world. I hope I don't ap-pear to be a radical feministbecause that is not my inten-tion. I am merely relatingsome of my experiences andpersonal opinions.

First mining job

•. Although I was fortu-nate to be hired as aGeo mechanics Engineer, rightfrom day one, I felt as if I wasnot really accepted by some ofmy colleagues in the industry.

I arrived, eager for myfirst day at work. But, theydidn't have an office space forme. That was no big deal.Then at a meeting later thatday I was not introduced tothe other members of the

team. Again no big deal. But,the real cruncher came whenmy supervisor inadvertentlylet it slip that they would havepreferred to hire a male fromQueen's rather than a femalefrom Toronto. It was almostas if hewas apologizing to hispeers forhiring me. Therewas definitely a prejudice be-tween the universities andthere was also a definite preju-dice against women (I want toemphasize these points be-cause I know the hiring per-sonnel from Inco are here inthis room today.) This wascertainly not a terrific way tostart my engineering career.After a year in Geomechanics,I was offered a position inground control. This job re-quires almost daily travel un-derground and it was actuallyvery good practical experienceas far as I was concerned, withthis position, it only took aboutfour months to get an office atthe minesite. I guess I was notvery high Pr orty to the mine.The only other major draw-back to the job was the factthat there was no showeringor changing facilities forwomen at the mine Site. Tocompensate for this fact, Iwould travel almost every dayto work in my underground

gear. I would then go under-ground to make inspections,return to surface at aboutnoon, and then drive to an-other mine site to take ashower. I would then driveback to my office to finish myday's work. It was not veryenjoyable in winter to comeup from plus 30 degrees centi-grade underground into mi-nus 30 degree weather outsidejust so I could drive three kilo-metres to get a shower.

The most disturbingoccurrence happened whenthe mine was laying out blue-prints for a new dry facility forthe underground miners. Thecompany was planning onstarting construction of the dryduring the summer shutdown.

We approached the minesuperintendent and asked himif they could allocate space fora women's dry as well. Need-less to say, they didn't do it..• instead they revamped a tinystorage closet and installed ashower and toilet for us. It wastotally ridiculous. . . one tinywomen's washroom for twosecretaries, two time keepingclerks and an engineer. How-ever, the mine managementdid go all out and install a setof lockers for us, each one be-ing about the size of a lunch

Inco engineer Samantha Espley recentlyspoke at a Lauren tian University conferenceon Women in Engineering. This is an editedversion of her remarks.

box. I had some trouble fit-ting all of my undergroundgear into that little space.

What wonderful respect wegot from management, but, Iguess we weren't as impor-tant as the underground min-ers since we were just a hand-ful of women.

As for the undergroundminers, they were anotherstory. This is where I actuallygot a lot of respect and coop-eration. They were a verypleasant group of men to workwith, even after I took downall of their decorative calen-dar girls. The company Iworked for actually enforceda new policy that year: Therewas to be no pornography oncompany property. In myopinion, although it was along time in coming, this newpolicy certainly alleviatedsome very uncomfortable situ-ations for the women employ-ees.

Hired by Inco

In June 1990 1 was offereda position at Inco as minesresearch engineer and I ac-cepted. I have been workingin the rock mechanics depart-ment providing specializedservices to the Sudbury mines,

and quite honestly, this jobhas been terrific. I find thatI'm working with a very pro-gressive group of individualswhere we all respect and treatone another equally and asprofessionals.

As for other employees atInco, I have constant interac-tion with the surface and un-derground personnel at themine sites. Again, I have hadno specific problems in myrelationship with people there.

I feel that I haven't justbeen lucky at Inco with thegood reception of my profes-sional services. I honestlythink Inco is attempting tobecome a leader in all respects.The hiring of female profes-sionals is just one aspect ofthis and one that I highly en-courage.

I'd like to say that far,far outweighing the few dis-appointing encounters I'vehad with men, as a profes-sional woman, are the manygood experiences I have hadwhile working in the miningindustry.

I have many good friendsand excellent colleagues andI would just like you to knowthat I would never trade mynon-traditional career for any-thing."

Samantha Espley relates her experiences as an engineer In the mining Industry at the Laurentlan University conference: She wouldn't trade hernon-traditional career for anything.

6 MARCH 1992-

Male chauvinists in the workplacea dying breed say Inco engineersF or mining engineer

Danielle Tardif, gettingalong in a predominantly

male environment is a matterof attitude.

Hers."I've found that my own

attitude has a lot to do with it.111 'm confident, I'll be treatedthat way. It sends a signalthat I have a right to be thereand people feel that."

The other port of the equa-tion, she said, is that the con-fidence has to be authentic."Miners can tell right away ifyou know what you are do-ing. It might take a half hourwith a new group, but if youknow what you are talkingabout you're accepted."

A planner at ColemanMine, Dan telle has been withInco for three years. With Incobeing the first permanent jobin her chosen field, Daniellebegan at Stobie Mine whereshe served as a planner for

•two years, then transferred toMcCreedy fora six-month stintbefore moving to Coleman.

"The first week is always abit awkward," she said. "Al-though there are other femaleengineers at Inco, it is alwaysa surprise at first for somewhen you walk in. It neverlasts long, though."

A graduate of EcolePolytechnique in Montreal,

F Danielle said she doesn't re-call any serious problems withchauvinism. Her dass at uni-versity was about 15 per centfemale.

"1 was always good atP maths and sciences," she said.

"It didn't really concern methat engineering was a maledominated field. When I wasyoung, I always had a lot ofmale friends as well as girl-friends, so being around guyswas hardly something new."

Chance encounter

Her interest in the miningfield was accidental, she said."In my first year when I had todecide on my specialty, I vis-ited a mine in Quebec. Themine's chief engineer was afemale, and I found her jobInteresting. 1 decided to gointo mining."

Danielle figures the prob-lem of being accepted by co-workers is much the same formales and females. "First youhave to prove you can do thejob. There's perhaps morecuriosity ii you are young andfemale, but that never lastslong. I find the people herecourteous and helpful. I'venever run across anyone whotold me engineering isa man'sjob.

"If a woman wants to beaccepted in a male environ-ment and it doesn't work, shecan't always just blame theguys. It may come from theway you react.

"The jerks are one in a thou-sand these days. The percent-age of chauvinists I've methere at Inca are insignificantcompared to the number ofgreat people I've met."

Danielle enjoys her femi-ninity and has no intention of

sacrificing it in a male envi-ronment. "You sometimes geta bit more attention. Peopletalk to you a little nicer andclean up their language a bit.I don't find that sexist. I don'tmind that at all."

At the same time, she feelsit is at least partly her respon-sibility to keep on-the-job re-lationships clearly on the pro-fessional side. "As a woman, Ihave to make sure that I sig-nal clearly that I am inter-ested only in a working rela-tionship. Sending mixed sig-nals isn't fair to the guy."

Relationships

For that reason, she saidshe recognizes that she willprobably never have as closea relationship with a mole co-worker as two men could.

Laurentian University mm-Ing engineering graduateKatherine MacNeil has beenwith Inco forovertwoyears. Amine planner at Creighton,she bears responsibility for thedevelopment of layouts ofmine drifts, raise bore stations,ore passes and ventilationraises. While she does muchof her work on a computerscreen, Katherine goes under-ground to check on the in-the-hole drilling, the blasting andto see the progress of the driftdevelopment relative to thelaid out autocad drawings.

Every month, along with ateam composed of a geolo-gist, the divisional supervisor,the general foreman and theforeman, she has to help planwhat section of the mine willbe mined in order to meet thescheduled tons per day andthe grade for her "beat."

Almost all the time, she'sworking alongside men. It's

what she's gotten used toinceher fIrst year at Laurentian."When I started my first yearat university, there were 65people in my class. I was oneof only two women."

She said that while more

women are going into the en-gineering field today, it's stilla very small number. "That'smainly because there's a lackof interest among women, es-pecially in the mining disci-plines. There was some good-

natured kidding at university,but no real resentment anddiscrimination."

Chose mining

IIt was Katherine's interest

in geology, mathematics andphysics that led her to herchoice of mining. She consid-ered metallurgy at one timebecause the field seemed morepopulated by women, but shedecided against It because shedidn't like the chemistry thatwas involved.

She said she's never regret-ted the decision, although sheadmits the predominantlymale mining environmentsometimes presents extra hur-dles for a woman. "To be hon-est," she sold with a smile,"mining is still one of the lastbastions of male bravado.

"When a woman comesinto a male domain, there'sbound to be some suspicions.To be totally accepted, I thinkyou have to prove yourself alittle more than a guy wouldhave to.

"I don't think it's an easyassimilation. It takes a lot ofwork and persistence to fit in.Any woman going into thefield should realize that it isgoing to be difficult at times.But in the end, it is up toyourself to do It. If I was talk-ing to girls in high school, Iwould tell them not to expecteverything to go perfectly. Atthe same time, I'd hope that Itwouldn't deter them."

With determination andconfidence comes acceptance,she feels. "I've had help, sup-port and acceptance from alllevels," she said. "From theguys down in the mine to myfellow workers in the office.Sure I get teased sometimes,

Danlelle Tardif (right) gives her Input at the Coleman weekly production meeting. From left, geologist JohnTownsend, supervisor John Draper, mine foreman Andy Besserer, planners Robert Assabgul and Kris Maihotra.

Creighton Mine engineer Katherine MacNeil measuresthe height of a mine opening.

I.iirii/T47T7iirii7TJ The Triangle 7

to go get the coffee. You Can'tbe ultra-sensitive. You have tobe able to recognize a good-natured joke.

"Women have to start chal-lenging the male-dominatedareas, but with realistic ex-pectations that, at times, Itcan be difficult. If that's whereyour interest is, then go for itno matter what. That's theway to change things.

First love

Smelter process engineerNathalie Riendeau said it washer love of science that led herto Inco. The 25-year-old

chemical engineering gradu-ate said she knew engineeringwas a male-dominated fieldbut didn't see that as a majorproblem.

"Not enough," she said, "tochange my mind. I enjoy sci-ence and I didn't have theinterest in health scienceswhich seems to attract mostwomen," said Nathalie. "Theprospects are not good In purescience, so I looked to the ap-plied sciences from the side ofjob perspective.

"I had no idea where Iwould end up when I started,but after a few years at univer-sity the picture got clearer. Ididn't want to go into research,so I decided on industry.Which one?" she added, "Ididn't know."

It wasn't until Inco repre-sentatives came to McGillUniversity that she becameinterested in the company.Ironically, it wasn't miningthat caught her interest, it wasthe company's multi-milliondollar Sulphur Dioxide Abate-ment Program.

"This wasn't research, itwas actually doing something.Inco was attempting to do amajor environmental projectand at the same time improvetheir own process. It was anexciting idea."

She's been with Inco threeyears and still feels like an"oddity" sometimes. "There'sso few of us (women) that you

can't help but stand out. Butin the office, one to one, itmakes no difference at all. Ithink attitudes are changing,not just at Inco, but in societyin general. I think womenhave as good an opportunityat advancement as men."

Hands on

Nathalie doubts any of thefemale engineers at Inco areprone to staunch feminism."Why should we be?" sheasked. "We don't have to.We're doing the work everyday. We don't have to ex-pound a philosophy."

When Nathalie talks aboutworking, she doesn't just meanbehind the terminal of a com-puter. "I went around withbuckets of sludge and did allthe dirty work, and I can't seethat as a big problem. Some-times people will offer to carrysomething for you, but not totest you, at least It hasn't hap-pened to me. I can't recallrunning Into anything that Ihad to call on a guy to do.

"I üon't think I have to tryany harder than a man toprove myself. I just do mybest."

Chantal Clement said sheworked several years as a sum-mer student at Inco. Her fa-ther was a miner at Inco andalways spoke well of the com-pany. She didn't know muchabout engineering but becameinterested when she won anInco scholarship.

It wasn't until she attendedher first class at LaurenticinUniversity that she realizedengineering was a male-domi-nated field.

"I looked around the class-room on the first day and therewere almost no women."

Although she's been at Incoless than two years, she haslittle apprehension about hercareer opportunities. "Ihaven't noticed any differencein treatment between thewomen and the men," shesaid. "After working here acouple of years, I know it won't

be a problem. When it comesto advancement, I think I'll beon equal footing with the guys.Most people here are used toworking with women, andmost realize that there will bemore and more women work-ing on the job in the future."

Changing attitudes

Concerning the popularmyths about women compet-ing in a man's world, Chantalfigures it's up to women them-selves to work hard at chang-ing them.

"I've heard the theory thatwomen think a bit differently

than men. That's differently,not better. I'm not sure that'strue, but if so, maybe tacklinga problem from a differentangle could actually be anadvantage for everybody."

Another myth, she said, isthat women must leave their

femininity behind when com-peting with males. "That's notthe way you compete," shesaid. "You can't afford to leaveyour personality behind in thedevelopment of your career."

Sue Tessier laughs that noone knew about her until afew years ago. She's never hadso much attention.

"This is good," says Sue, anInco engineer working in capi-tal co-ordination.

"It needs to be brought tothe forefront that women cando the job. So someday wewon't have to talk about it, sothat it no longer matters."

A Sudbury native and anengineering graduate ofLaurentian University in 1979,Sue is watching the changes adecade has meant to her pro-fession.

In 1979, she was the top ofher class - "I was certainlydifferent" - but she receivedonly two responses to 50-jobapplications.

Recruitingfemales

J Nowadays,Inco is activelyrecruiting fe.

L male engineers.They have joboffers comingout of their ears,she says.

The killing offemale engi-neering stu-dents in Mon-treal in 1989 isonly one fuel in

__________ the fires of- change. Payeq-

- uity and trying- to correct other

imbalances ofthe past are alsoaffecting hiringpractices, sheadds. A na-tional shortage

_________ of engineers bythe end of thedecade is also asignificant fac-tor.

Severalwomen havebenefitted, in-cluding AngelaDorsey of Strat-

ford and Samantha Espley ofPort Perry.

Angela was hired eightmonths ago and Samanthahas worked inSudbury for twoyears, turning down an offerto work in northern BritishColumbia.

If these women share any-thing besides a love of mathsand sciences, it's the luck ofreceiving the right career ad-vice. When it comes to womenin engineering, there's not alot of encouragement, espe-cially from guidance counsel-lors, say Angela andSamantha.

Samantha was fortunate.Her counsellor suggested en-gineering: she describes himas pro-women. Girls can dothe maths as well as the boys,but she believes they simplyaren't encouraged. At theGrade 8 level, the girls especially need support, she adds.

"It all starts in the guid-ance counsellor's office," saidAngela. "They don't know it'sa career option."

Both believe women canmake it on their own merits.Even though Sue was one ofthe original female engineershired, she didn't see her job asan exercise in trailblazing.

"I wanted to make my ownway. I always felt it was im-portant for the first females todo a good job because otherfemales might not even get achance. If I failed, I might beruining the chances of others.

Equal footing

Women are coming intothe engineering field expecting the working world to bethe same as their universityworld and planning on deal-ing with men on an equalbasis.

Angela said male engineer-ing students treated herequally at Queen's.

Her previous experiences,however, led to expectationsthat there would be problemsbecause she is a female.

"There are some peoplewho haven't worked with fe-males before. They're not ex-actly sure how to handle afemale or approach them.There are various reactions."

Mentoring

The most popular workingrelationship between theyoung women and the olderveterans oI Inco seems to bethat of a father and daughter.It seems easier for the oldermen to accept advice fromsomeone who becomes like adaughter, says Sue. She findssome of the younger womenresent this attitude and don'twant to use it as an approachto getting the job done.

She tells women a youngman would face a similar fa-ther-child relationship if hewas coming onto the job siteand telling the older men whatto do.

Angela enjoys this pater-nal work relationship, but onlyfor the time being.

"It might be hard later,when I've had a bit more ex-perience. Hopefully, it may beable to change to (just being)a colleague." But there is stillcovert resentment at theworkplace. And sometimes, asSamantha learned, some mendo not even bother to hide it.

Samantha, a graduate ofthe University of Toronto, re-calls one incident in which aman just wouldn't look at heror make eye contact. He wentso far as to create a personalspace of about 10 feet in di-ameter to avoid being close toher, all because she's female,said Samantha.

Dealing with that attitudeisn't easy. It occupied herthoughts for the drive home.But she tries to forget aboutthat kind of treatment.

"Underground, the guysare good."

Smelter engineer Nathalie fflendeau spends time behind the computer as well as carryingbuckets of sludge.

Inco engineer Sue Tessler passes out ore sample cardsduring a talk to a school class. Her message is aboutcareers for boys and ghIs alike.

8 MARCH 1992

t\

Ski Runner Jean-Marc Martel does the grunt work preparing for the races.

Sault Ste. Marie endsInco Cup drought

The 1992 Inco Cup ski sea-son ended with the Sault Ste.Marie Ski Runners takingaway the team trophy for thefirst time in seven years.

Crowned top male skier thisyear was Robbie Fry of NorthBay, while Sara Laamanen ofSudbury's Adanac LaurentianSki Club was the top female.

Special guests at the awardsnight, held to wrap up thisyear's ski series, were KatarinaSiska, coaching coordinatorfor Alpine Canada in Ottawa,Bob Rogers, president of theCanadian Ski Association,and Cheryl China, Alpinechairman for the NorthernOntario Ski Division.

An average of 90 racerscompeted at each of the fourraces, held at Sudbury,Timmins, Sault Ste. Marie andMattawa.

Inco Cup liaison KarenDeBenedet said the 20-yearInco sponsorship is one of thelongest continuing sponsor-ships of an athletic event inthe country, establishing atraining ground that hashelped develop a good numberof provincial and nationalskiers.

Among skiers who havegone on to compete at higherlevels are Kate Pace of NorthBay and Kathy Kreiner ofTimmins. Kate, a member ofthe Canadian Ladies ski team,won the U.S. Alpine Champi-onships on March 28, whileKathy captured Canadians'hearts with a gold medal per-formance at the 1972 WinterOlympics.

Megan Bisset of Sudbury isanother Inco Cup skier whohas moved on to provincialcompetitions.

'I

Competitors line up for the ride to the top of the hill.

"Many of those who havegraduated from Inco Cup(ages l2to 17) and don't moveon to higher levels stay withus to coach or help organize,"said Karen.

She said that much of thehard work the young skiersput into the competitions is

I. A

hard to see on the surface."These kids miss a lot of schoolwith long hours of trainingand going to competitions.They have to catch up on theirschoolwork on their own time.These kids are very self-disci-plined. The character build-ing here isn't just in skiing."

-- 0

Occupational Health senior environmental analyst Jeff Grieve shows Sudbury team skiers Brad Richard, 13, son ofLevack Miner Ken Richard and Brad Vezeau, 12, the line-up of skiers at the Adanac races. Jeff was chairman of theorganizing committee for the competition.

Alpine Canada coaching coordinator Katarina Siskapresents the top male trophy to Rob Fry of the NorthBay Ski Club.

The I riangle 9

Kristi Washchuk of the Adanac club gets off to a goodstart.

'A

I

I

y &I - - _____

tI __

Top Inco Cup skier eyesgreater heights

At the age of two, SaraLaamanen beheld her firstpair of skis.

It was ci love at first sighteven though they were cross-country skis. By four, she hadstrapped on downhill skis andhas rarely taken them offsince.

Laamanen, now 14, is aGrade 10 student at Lo-EllenPark Secondary School. Herparents, Aino and Risto, ownLaamanen Construction, oneof Inco's contractors.

Sara has a much differentassociation with Inco. She's afour-year veteran of the IncoCup ski circuit. In fact, shecaptured the top female skieraward this season.

A skier takes a spillduring a practice run.

Leanne MacCallum ofAdanac Laurentian picks

up speed.

Diane Acton of the SaultSki Runners club drillsholes for the gates thatmark the course on theAdanac hill.

Having this four-race se-ries allows skiers to stay athome and takes the pressureoff when it comes to school-ing, she says.

It's also the only option forskiers who want to competeseriously without leavinghome. The Northern OntarioDivision juvenile team wasdisbanded a few years ago,leaving no other option butInco Cup for young skiers.They must be 15 to ski withthe squad.

Laamarien also enjoys thewarm social atmosphere per-vading Inco Cup races.

"All my friends from skiingrace Inco Cup. It's fun, not alot of pressure. And if you havea good coach, you can have areally good year."

She does, however, haveother goals in mind, namelyfinishing strongly at the Ca-nadian Juvenile AlpineChampionships in MontTremblant, Que.

Heading into the nation-als, Laamaneri was buoyedwith confidence. The biggestwin of her fledgling careercame at Big Thunder duringthe Provincial Juvenile AlpineChampionships in late Febru-ary. Snow conditions in Thun-der Bay were good, she said.The absence of slush or rutsmade it easier for this techni-cal skier. She won the slalomand giant slalom events.

"I was very focused. That'sa huge factor in my racing. Itall clicked together. I didn'tthink I would do that well."

What is even more surpris-ing is the way her left knee hasheld up under the strain ofcompetition. Laamanen isscheduled to undergo exten-sive knee surgery to repair heranterior-cruciate ligament. In

the meantime, she wears abruising brace to race. Some-how it fails to affect her skiing.

"Usually after skiing, it'llhurt."

But there's a constant fearof injury with her question-able knee. So Sara will be outof commission for most of thesummer and fall.

The injury has forced herto alter her dryland trainingbut she still lifts weights andcycles to maintain her condi-tioning.

Injuries aside, Laamarienand her parents are facingseveral decisions about herskiing career and her educa-tion. Eventually, she'd like topursue a university degree inbusiness. But she's in no hurryand is planning to reduce herworkload at school by drop-ping a computer course.

Balancing skiing andschool is "very, very difficult,"she says.

Although keen on skiing,she is cautious about her long-term goals. Not even Cana-da's recent glory in women'sdownhill at the Winter Olym-pics inspires thoughts of theOlympic team.

Still, Kerrin Lee-Gartnerswin was a boost, she says.

"It gives everybody hopebecause we weren't doing thatwell (before)."

She has brushed shou1derwith some of Canada's famousfemale skiers including KarenPercy, a double bronze med-allist at the Calgary Olym-pics, and 1992 OlympianLucie Laroche. The stars werefriendly and supportive of theyoung skiers, she says.

"It was exciting to meetand watch them. They're greatskiers, something to look upto and achieve."

Tom Tario of Divisional Training, a starter at the Adanac races, sets the timerdisplay.

10 MARCH 1992

Inco participates inLU session on Womenin Engineering

- .-.-. *.,S._.,I.._ -.

Bin painting eventa colorful success

continued from page 3steel yard to be recycled, in-stead of being landfilled.Wood is placed into bins thatare painted brown and is sentto a central wood depot. In-stead of being landfilled, thewood is given to Inco employ-ees who participate in theWaste Segregation Program,at no cost. Both the steel andwood bins are clearly labelledwith the 'lnco Recycles" logo,so that people are aware thematerial is not sent to landfillbut is destined for another use.

All other types of indus-trial waste, that cannot be re-used or recycled, is placed intobright yellow bins arid sent toone of four industrial landfillsthat Inco operates.

Domestic waste, which isall material coming from alunchrooms, offices and drys,is placed into domestic binspainted red and sent to a Re-gional landfill. Domesticwaste is being reduced, be-cause materials such as news-

print, cans and computer pa-per are now being recycledthrough the Inco Green BoxProgram. All other fine paperwill be recycled in the nearfuture.

The Waste Segregation Pro-gram begins with an Environ-mental Control representativeoutlining details of the pro-gram to all employees in thework area.

Employee input is encour-aged and all ideas are studiedfor merit.

Since the program cameinto effect at the Levack Com-plex, which includes Levack,Coleman and McCreedy WestMines, the employees havereached a 55 per cent diver-sion of material from landfill.This surpasses the year 2000target of 50 per cent.

The Creighton Complex isalso adopting the Waste Seg-regation Program, with Lev-els 6800 - 7200 beginning toseparate waste this month.

C.O HCogiccU.U. . alternatives &_...

Fearless forecasters

Ithough engineeringis often uinsideredmale OCtUp(ttiofl,

Lourentiun University'sSchool ofEnqineering strivesto break traditional stere-otypes by initiating specialinformation sessions bryoung lemale students.

ne such event was heldlust year on the Lourentiuncampus. Approximately 100female high school sluden Ispurti(ipating in the North-'rn Summer School for Lx-cellent e in Sc icn ('and Tech.naloqv UttCfld('tl U receptionduring whit h prolessionalengineers as well as univer-sity engineering studentsdiscussed the merits of a ui-reer in this field.

The dinner. organized to(tiV(' the students in idea at

what lies ahead, providedthem with an opportunity toopenly discuss the professionufld the work environment.

Special guests for the din-ner were Laurentiun miningengineering students Lori-AnnHay, Tiffany Duhe and PamParadis; Inco civil engineerSamontho [spIcy and Incometallurgical engineerChuntal (:lement.

The students and profes-sional engineers spoke enthu-siastically about their studies,their work and their experi-ences.

According to Laurentlongruduute Chuntal, employ-ment opportunities for engi-neers abound. "1 only appliedto three places" before obtain-ing employment at Inco,(liantul soid. She also stated

that engineering is a high-paying field, with engineersearning $50,000 a year ormore.

Samanihu stressed thatwomen are cautious aboutstudying engineering be-cause many think it is toodifficult or too masculine afield. Engineering is noharder than many profes-sions, she stated, and thatmessage must get back tohigh school students.

Laurentiun's School ofEngineering promotes engi-neering as a viable careeroption for women and.through activities such asthe information session lastyear, hopes to attract agreater number of femalestudents to its program inthe future.

One might be surprised tolearn that subtly nestled inthe confines of the Engineer-ing Building exists a high-tech,fully functional weather of-fice, manned by real live,truthful weatherman. To thecriticism that the weather re-port is not always right, thisoffice is proud to boast a fore-cast accuracy rating of 100per cent . . . However, theweather itself is occasionallywrong!

A variety of weather mapsand coded weather traffic forma steady stream of data intothis office via satellite recep-tion from the Atmospheric En-vironment Service of Environ-ment Canada.

In addition, continuousmeasurements of winds andtemperatures at different alti-tudes in the local area aresupplied through telephonelines. Daily balloon - orminisonde releases, as theyare called - provide furtherinformation about the airabove.

This sophisticated weekendplanning service, which Incoso generously provided to itspersonnel, is in fact an inte-gral part of the Emission Re-duction Program.

This program, a controlsystem for Sulphur Dioxide atground level resulting fromemissions from the CopperCliff Smelter and the NickelRefinery stacks, has evolvedover the past two decades un-der auspices of both Inco man-agement and government.

The weather plays a keyrole in the ERP because it de-termines the dispersion capac-

ity which, in turn, dictates theallowable level of plant op-eration, thus emission, to meetground level S02 criteria.

Computer programs incor-porating complex dispersionmodels define the weatherparameters and determine theallowable emission rates foreach stack during the day.

The worst dispersion con-ditions occur during the sum-mer when winds are light andsunny skies prevail. The char-acteristic looping plume isevident at this time and adefinite sulphur taste is no-ticeable at locations where theloop contacts the ground. TheSmelter operation is alwayssharply curtailed under theseconditions.

Ministry of Environmentcontinuous measurements ofS02 at 13 stations are onscreenat the Inco weather office(Emission Control) and twomobile monitors measure andreport readings from eachstack via cellular phones tocomplete the area coverageduring the daytime. This dataalso forms a basis for emis-sion cutback decisions.

Refinements and fine tun-ing to the program are ongo-ing in an effort to maintainthat critical balance betweenoptimum operations and ac-ceptable S()2 levels in theSudbury Airshed.

So the next time, when onthat warm, sunny, summerday, the S02 envelopes yourbarbecue, let's have a littleheart for the weatherman atEmission Control who is obvi-ously in a fierce battle withMother Nature.

Copper Refinery engIneer Chantal Clement conducts a filtering experIment at therefinery laboratory.

The Triangle 11

_

_

1992 energy bill tops $100 million

Conservation the key as energycosts escalateJohn LeMay puts a lot of

energy into ensuring otherpeople use less.And his efforts are justi-

fied.Energy accounts for more

than 10 per cent of operatingcosts in the Ontario Division,and electricity alone is 70 percent of that.

So when someone wants tomake changes to legislationgoverning Ontario Hydro,potentially influencing energysupply andcosts, Incowants to beheard. John isanxious to bean industryvoice on theissue.

Appearingbefore theStandingCommitteeon ResourcesDevelopmentin Timminsrecently, Johnexplainedhow energycosts affect theOntarioDivis-profitabilityand outlined Inco's concernswith Bill 118, proposedamendments to the PowerCorporation Act.

"Since Inco is unable tocontrol the prices it receivesfor its products, it must con-trol its costs in order to remaincompetitive," said John, as-sistant manager of GeneralEngineering, responsible forPower.

"Energy is one of Inco'smost important costs. In 1991,the Ontario Division spent$92.3 million on energy. Ofthis, $61.5 million was forpurchased electric power. Theremainder was for natural gasand oil.

"In 1992, the Ontario Divi-sion will spend $105 millionon energy, with $73.6 millionof that amount going to On-tario Hydro for electric power."

Viewed over a shorter pe-riod, Inco spent $7.4 millionon electricity in Februaryalone. Considering there were29 days in February, thatbreaks down to $175 a minute,more than most people spendin a month at home.

Despite this, lnco's OntarioDivision is the world's mostenergy efficient nickel pro-ducer, John added. The cop-per flash smelting process isthe most energy efficient inthe world and that same tech-nology will be used to smeltall Ontario Division nickel by1994 when the $600-millionSulphur Dioxide AbatementProject is complete.

Inco generation

In addition, the OntarioDivision generates about 20per cent of its own electricpower needs through five hy-droelectric generating plants,225 miles of transmission linesand over 60 high voltage sub-stations in the Sudbury area.

Four of the generating plants- High Falls #1 and 2, BigEddy and Nairn - are on theSpanish River, while the fifth,Wabageshik, is on the Ver-milion River. In 1991,thissys-tern cost $9.5 million to oper-ate.

Due to the nature of Inco'sprocess improvements, saidJohn, the Division's success intotal energy conservation hasmeant increased electrical use.

The Ontario Division has

,•

reduced total energy use by 23per cent since 1981, and ex-pects a further eight to 10 percent reduction by 1995. Toachieve this reduction, how-ever, electricity consumptionhas risen 15 to 20 per cent.

During that same period,electrical costs have almostdoubled. If the trend contin-ues, Inco will pay $104 mil-lion in electricity costs aloneby 1995.

"We are using an awful lotof electric power to save otherforms of energy," said John."Using oxygen in our flashsmelting process, which is ex-tremely energy-efficient, willdecrease our natural gas us-age substantially but requiresa great deal of electric powerto produce the necessary oxy-gen.

"There is very little scopein total for electric power con-servation in an industry likeours, although we are involvedin a number of large pro-grams. Our lighting program,where we are changing some24,000 lighting fixtures, willsave us about 4,000 kilowattsof power. By comparison, onenew oxygen plant uses 15,000kilowatts. So electricity use,even if we do everything wecan to curtail it, will continueto go up."

Despite the inevitable risein consumption and the lim-ited scope for reduction, Johnsaid energy conservationmeasures are being activelypursued on all fronts. OntarioDivision employees are cur-rently involved in at least 40conservation programs rang-ing from off-peak load shift-ing to the production of anenergy awareness video.

Education

"The need to educate ouremployees on the rising costs

of energy is very important,"said John. "Everybody can dohis or her part at work or hometo conserve energy, somethingas simple as turning off a light.If we can make one out of 10employees more energy-con-scious it would make a differ-ence."

The importance of energy,and particularly electricity, toInco's Ontario Division opera-tions, is such that even a shortpower failure could result in

hundredsof thou-sands ofpounds inlostproduc-tion. Forthat rea-son, saidJohn, a re-liable sup-ply of elec-tricity is vi-tal, notonly to Incobut to in-dustry ingeneral.

"1 n c obelieves it isof critical

importanceto the economy of Ontario thatOntario Hyciro have sufficientgenerating capacity to meetthe needs of industry," he said."Consequently, in forecastingdemand, Ontario Hydroshould err on the side of toomuch, rather than too little,capacity."

John told members of thestanding committee that Incofeels Bill 118 will further erodethe quality and reliability ofOntario's electricity supply. Ina written brief, accompany-ing his presentation, he out-lined three particular areas ofconcern.

Here are edited excerpts:

Power at Cost: 'Histori-cally, Ontario has grown andprospered in large measuredue to the competitive advan-tage that Ontario Hydro's'power at cost' mandate hasgiven to industry. In recentyears, however, this competi-tive advantage has beeneroded to the extent that itnow appears the cost and reli-ability of Ontario's power sys-tem may well become a deter-rent to industry locating inthe province.

"Inco believes Bill 118'sproposed amendments pro-vide a means of further erod-ing this mandate."

Director's Obligations:"Inco subrriits that the provi-sions of Bill 118 that excuse adirector from accountabilityfor the consequences arisingfrom the implementation of apolicy directive as long as heor she acted honestly and ingood faith effectively elimi-nates the traditional obliga-tions of directors of OntarioHydro to the ratepayers andshould be rejected."

Energy Conservation Pro-grams: "Inco submits thatOntario Hydro should not bepermitted to finance the cost

of fuel switching away fromelectricity, as proposed by Bill118. This type of practicewould be expensive to admin-ister and there is no guaran-tee that switching will lead to

greater overall fuel efficiency.This type of program focusesonly on reducing the use ofelectricity without consideringthe impact on other forms ofenergy."

Area $ AmountColeman Mine $ 110,506McCreedy East Mine $ 7,140Crean Hill Mine $ 73,801Creighton #9 $ 543,671Frood Mine $ 152,308C.C. South Mine $ 2,52,089Garson Mine $ 36,963Little Stobie Mine $ 99,340Stobie Mine $ 344,286McCreedy West Mine $ 54,012F.S.#9Shaft $ 161,819Levack Mine $ 285,176Levack MIII $ 55C.C. North Mine $ 6,669Murray Mine $ 74Total Mines $2,197,908

#3 Oxygen Plant $ 294,680#1 Oxygen Plant $ 240,446#2 Oxygen Plant $ 380,983Compressor Station S 19.78602 Plant Subtotal $ 935,895

Divisional Shops S 55,094

Clarabelle Mill $1,104,167MDTC S 512Tailings $ 195,009Copper Cliff Mill 268. 792$Total Mills $1,568,479

Vermilion Water S 27,388Creighton Water $ 18,293C.C.W.W. Treatment Plant $ 19,970Cii. Sewage Plant $ ...2L7I

Total Water Treatment $ 68,123

C.C. Sulphur Products $ 72,803H2 Plant $ 7,748C.C. Acid Plant $ 89,570C.C. Smelter $ 835,404Matte Separation $ 109,284Fluid Bed Roasting $ 66,368FBR Extension $ 192Utilities Overhead 5 4,261Intermediate Air $ 111,552Vacuum System $ 16,043High Pressure Air $ 80,106Mgmt Overhead $ 1.155Total MP and Smelter $1 ,394,487

IORP Xanthate Plant $ 4,151IORP Sulphur Products $ 2,592IORP Utilities $ 132,878C.C. Copper Refinery $ 392,182C.C. Nickel Refinery $ 583,136Rolling Mill 28,346$Total Refineries $1,143,285

Total M, S & R $5165362

Engineering Building $ 11,638

Total Sudbury Power $7,374,908

In February alone, Clarabelle Mill's hydro costs were inexcess of Si million.

S

S .14rLIt was a packed house for the In Touch Curling Bonspiel. These curlers are waiting for their turn on the ice.

Lionel Rochon, 65, puts a rock away. He retired fromFrood In 1985 after 38 years with Inco.

Wilf Duguay, 76, cleanshis rock before makinghis shot. He retired fromCopper Cliff First Aid andSecurity in 1980 after 45years with Inco.

The latest crop of Inco dozen of the new bunch ofretirees is starting to be felt at retirees turn out," said Jim. "Itpensioners' events like the In usually takes about six -Touch Bonspiel held at the months or so after retirement .......... .:Copper Cliff Curling Club. before they find their way to

"We had 34 teams out this the pensioners' events."yearandwehad28teamslast He expects the golfingyear," said bonspiel organizer tournament later this year toand Pensioners Recreation reflect a surge in numbers asAssociation secretary Jim well.Bryson. "The numbers areget- jim hopes it won't be nec-ting stronger every year." essary to turn people away S

While some pensioners, from taking part in futureparticularly those from out of events as the numbers climb .town, have dropped out of We'lltrytoexpandtheeventsthe competition, the recent ratherthan turn people away, -_ S

retirement of some 1,200 Inco but I hope that won't be nec- I femployees is sure to swell the essary .. 4ranks of those taking part in The winning team con-special pensioners' events such sistedofskipNels Laframboise,as the curling bonspiel and vice Bob Furlotte, 2ndjackHeitgolfinglaterintheyear. and lead Dennis

............ ..

Stan Smith, a maintenance worker at Creighton and the Nickel Refinery until heretired after 40 years with inco, gives directions to a teammate.

Bonspiel organizer Jim Bryson and Pensioners' RecreationAssociation president Wes Hart do the tabulations.

Central Mills pensioner Hilton Fowler, 67, and retiredSmelter foreman Super Bertuzzi, 69, talk over strategybefore the rocks start flying. Hilt retired in 1982 after30 years and Super in the same year after 41 years.

Ontario Division president Jim Ashcroft was on hand togreet the pensioners before the curling began.

14 MARCH 1992

Odds 'n Sodsfrom The Seventiesby Marty McAllister

Beyond a doubt. i'm one of the lucky ones.Dunng nearly 34 years at inco, I visited a lot of places and met scores

of people. All kinds of people - and there are precious few that I don'tremember with some measure of affection.

And, by wonderful coincidence, 1 was reminded again this morningthat some of them remember me.

Birthday greetingsToday's my birthday, although that's not why I happened to be at

home. I'm doing a little contract writing job andi figured my day wouldhe more productive at my own computer, so I was here when George"Stats" Stewart called from the Power Department. As he has for mostthings, including cards and horse racing, George has a system forrememhenng birthdays - but this one works.

That I still merit a space in George's little stats book is pleasing indeed,and his call on behalf of the old gang really brightened my day. I can dono less than soy thanks, right here.

Another callWhich reminds me of a previous call I received, the December day my

name appeared in the paper with the long, long list of retirees. Even somany years after his own retirement, I still recognized the voice of NormMiles. You lust don't forget people you enjoyed and respected that much.

I worked for him hack in the early's, when he was MaintenanceSupenntendent at Frood-Stohie, and my late brother George was hisassistant. A little later, I had the pleasure of doing projects with and forNorm after we both ended up in Copper Cliff. He was one of thosesupervisors who made you want to go that extra mile, because he wasn'tafraid to let you run with an assignment. He empowered people before theword had even been invented.

Business travelThose were exciting days, like when Charlie Hews sent me on my first-

ever business trip for th company - to help with the main te!ancebudget otShebandowon. Idon't know if it was that trip ora later one, tobe honest, but I did have an embarrassing experience with a rented BuickRegal. It was the most awkward thing I'd ever driven and my arms wereaching after the 60-mile drive from Thunder Bay to the mine site. It wasn'tuntil I went to shut the beast off that my hand hit some lever, making thetilt steering almost drop into my lap.

It was years before 1 could admit that. It's right up there with amblinginto the ladies' room at MacDonald's.

Those years had their share of irony. Around that time, and for severalrewording years. I worked a lot with Charlie Nicholson. We even mode a

"consulting" trip to Port Colborne. Charlie was in Accounting and I was InMaintenance Industrial Engineering - hut 1 gave a budgeting spiel and heoutlined a maintenance management system.

Go figure.

And politicsThis seems to be the week for reminders of those times. A couple of days

back, I said hello to Elie Mattel and his wife in a local restaurant. [lie, ofcourse, was the long-time MPP for the provincial riding of Sudbury East. Hewas at his prime in 1977, when I suffered the illusion that I too belonged InQueen's Park - only I would challenge his Nickel Belt colleague.

Sometimes the universe unfolds the way it should. I lost the election, Floydand I remained friends, and now he has all the headaches. Please don't tellhim I used to fool around with budgets'

But that campaign had some memorable moments - like the dinner Iattended in Chapleau, where the mayor of Timmins introduced me as"Marty McCluskey". You can see how my fame had spread.

Those were the days, my friendMy superintendent was Paul Revey, head of that section of Industrial

Engineering. PeterSouterwas the manager, and the othersection heads wereBob Haworth, be Pancel and Don Seville.

One stifling day in July, while Peter was on vacation and still recoveringfrom a severe leg fracture, he invited all of us over to his lakeside home forlunch. He would provide the lunch, but we had to provide our own modestrefreshments. We arrived en masse. The food was delicious, the water wasdivine, and the refreshment was something more than modest. Somewherearound two o'clock, Joe Pancel asked if it wasn't about time to go back towork, I looked across the northwestern skyline, and pointed to the superstack:"Tell you what. As soon as the smoke stops coming out, we'll get out of hereon the double."

I'm sure it's a coincidence, but that department doesn't exist any more.

And a winter escapeLast week, my wife and I were at a restaurant sure, we eat at home

sometimes) along Toronto's airport strip and I spied former electrician andlocal hypnotist Gary Lott, pacing up and down out front, obviously waitingfor something. When I finally caught his eye, Gary came in to say hello. Hemust drink the same stuff as Les Parr, because he looks younger than 1, huthe was already an electrician when I was just an apprentice. Anyhow, he waswaiting for a California tour bus, which did show up on time. I didn't evenget a chance to ask him to help me quit smoking. I sincerely hope he'senjoying his trip says 1, as I 5tand up to blow smoke over the snow on mywindow sill.

Generally, all imports aresubject to the GST, if, of course,they would have been hit withthe GST if they had been pur-chased in Canada. As mightbe expected, there are anumber of exceptions.

The tax is usually payableat the time of import or whenrelevant customs duties mustbe paid. For example, if youordered a home computerfrom the United States and itis shipped to Canada, GST willbe payable at the time it clearsthrough customs.

Duty-free imports whenreturning to Canada

Any goods you are permit-ted to bring into Canada duty-free, because you have beenout othe country for a certainperiod of time, do not attractthe GST. The rules changeoccasionally, but currently thelimits are as follows.

taeus• Away for at least 24 hours

- $20 worth of goods duty-free, not including tobaccoand alcohol.

• Away for more than 48hours - $100, no exclusions

• Away for at least 7 days- $300 once each calendaryear, no exclusions.

Special limits apply to to-bacco and alcohol products.If you plan to bring goodsback to Canada, you shouldpick up the governmentprinted brochure "I Declare"before leaving. It will explainthe rules and give you themost recent limitations.

If you exceed these limitsduties may become payableand GST will be payable ontaxable items in excess of yourlimit. Don't forget that to-bacco and alcohol are tax-able. Excise taxes may alsoapply.

GST Tactic - Make the mostof your annual $300 limit byimporting exclusively taxablegoods under your exemption.For example, if you import$400 worth of goods, of which$100 is GST - exempt food,don't include your food in yourduty-free $300.

Casual gifts and import-ing by mail

More and more Canadi-ans are buying from foreigncatalogues and shippinggoods into Canada by mail orprivate courier whether fortheir own use or as a gift. GSTwill not apply if the value ofthe good does not exceed $40or the aggregate of taxes andduties is $5 or less. However,this rule will not apply to booksand magazines since theycompete directly with Cana-dian products. Mail order

The GST and crossborder shopping

books and magazines will besubject to GST at the time younormally pay for the item orsubscription. This exemptionalso does not apply to alcoholor tobacco products.

Note again that GST ap-plies only to goods that wouldbe taxable if purchased inCanada. Basic grocery items,for example, ordered by mail,do not attract GST no matterwhat the value.

GST Tactic - When order-ing by mail, it might pay toseparate your orders so thevalue for customs purposes isless than $40. This must bebalanced against extra ship-ping charges you might in-cur, although if the goods aresent to different people at thesame address, this problemmay be overcome.

GST Tactic - Gift giving at

holiday time, or for birthdaysor anniversaries could be GST-free if you use foreign mail-order catalogues and the valueof the gift is below $40.

PrizesIf you happen to win a

prize or medal or trophy ofsome variety outside Canada,there is no GST levied whenyou bring it back, even thoughyour prize may be valuable.However, if you win merchan-dise, perhaps on a game show,GST will apply to the value forduty as determined by thepeople at Customs.

GST Tactic - If you have achoice, always go for the cashon game shows. It crosses intoCanada GST and duty free,and could prove to be moreuseful than a fourth or fifthtelevision set.

rhe Triangle 15

Ragtime and Robber Baronsby Marty McAllister

N inety years ago thismonth, the International Nickel Com-

pany - the forerunner ofInco Limited - was formed.Just how that came about is astory with many dimensions.This, telling a yarn behind theyarn, is one of them.

Inventive times

In many ways, it was atime not unlike our own.

People had to keep mov-ing just to stay where theywere. Technology was pilinginvention upon invention,and the tempo of life was grow-ing steadily swifter. Trolleyparks were offering urban fun-seekers a way out of the city,to magical places with rollercoasters, merry-go-rounds,band concerts and - for thefirst time at Coney Island -hot dogs.

Strauss waltzes and H.M.S.Pinafore gave way to ScottJoplin. The New York Sunwould ask: "Are we going tothe dogs by the ragtimeroute?"

It seemed, as the centuryturned, that good old-fash-ioned capitalism was alive andwell. The depression of themid-i 890s was a bad memory.The idea of national and in-ternational markets was com-ing of age, and companies gotbigger. The Sherman Anti-trust Act was conveniently for-gotten - and adroitly by-passed, using a 'device' in-vented by a cheerful New Jer-sey lawyer.

Legal change

Back in 1889, the governorof New Jersey had asked JamesDill how the state's revenuesmight be increased. Dill sug-gested a law allowing one cor-poration to hold the stock ofanother corporation. The lawwas passed and the state'scoffers swelled as businessmensaw a new and perfectly legalroute to company combina-tions. Some, believe it or not,were quite honorable aboutit, wanting to create compa-nies of productive strength -and make some money in thebargain. Others, like promot-ers most of us have met at onetime or another, were onlyinterested in the latter.

How did it work? How werethe owners of several busi-nesses persuaded to sell out toa new holding company? Sim-ple. They were offered, say,twice as much value in stockof the new company as theyhad had in their old one. Then,given the booming stock mar-ket of the day, the appeal wasobvious. What's more, it waseasy to add on a little more ofthe new stock - which waskept by the ones pulling thedeal together, as compensa-tion for their services.

As Frederick Lewis Allenwrote, "The idea began to getaround that there was noth-ing so remunerative as pro-moting New Jersey holdingcompanies."

Then, in the summer of1900, something of a free-for-

all developed in the Americansteel industry.

Andrew Carnegie was, toput it mildly, ticked off. Try-ing to relax at Skibo Castle inScotland, the great steel baronwas incensed over cable mes-sages arriving from the UnitedStates.

Everything had been go-ing fine: Carnegie sold crudesteel and outfits like Ameri-can Steel & Wire or NationalTube made finished products.

million more than his part-ners wanted to pay, he got it.

As a postscript, shortly af-ter the agreements had beenmade, Morgan congratulatedCarnegie on being "the rich-est man on earth."

The Scot responded in goodhumor: "I should have askedfor $100 million more than Idid."

To which the greatfacilitator replied: "If you had,you would have received it."

The stance of the first management team in this archival photograph suggests theirconfidence in the future. From left are director, vice-president and secretary-treasurer J.A. Ashley; director and chairman of the board R.M. Thompson; directorand president A. Monell; general manager Orford Works, director and first vice-president E.F. Wood and S. Benner of the Orford Works.

Now the ingrates were intend-ing to acquire their ownsources of iron ore and buildtheir own blast furnaces - tomake their own crude steel.This meant war!

Carnegie's cables back toPittsburgh made it clear thathis company would retaliateby making all kinds of fin-ished products. With his im-mense resources and the ex-pertise at his disposal, he couldput his rivals out of business.His right-hand man, the bril-liant charles M. Schwab, wasauthorized to proceed.

But Carnegie was also madat the Pennsylvania Railroadfor raising freight rates, so hewas working toward construc-tion of another railroad be-tween Pittsburgh and the At-lantic seaboard.

In New York, at 219 Madi-son Avenue, J. PierpontMorgan was not pleased:"Carnegie is going to demor-alize railroads just as he hasdemoralized steel."

The financier invitedSchwab to visit.

A hidden agenda?

But Schwab didn't come -not then.

After all, earlier in the year,he had tried to sell the idea ofa New lersey-style super-merger in the steel industry,believing Carnegie was ripeto retire. But Morgan had beenunimpressed with some of theplayers in the scheme and hadpanned the idea. So, was it

now part of the plan to makeMorgan sweat a little?

We'll never know for sure.But one thing is sure: at adinner held for Schwab onDecember 12, 1900, Morganwas seated next to the guest ofhonor, who made a convinc-ing after-dinner speech on thefuture of the American steelindustry.

The two men talked pri-vately that evening - andmany times more over the

weeks that followed. The keyto the plan they were hatch-ing was Carnegie Steel andthe moment finally camewhen Schwab had to see if hisboss really was ready to sell.He was. Carnegie named hisprice - nearly $493,000,000- and Morgan accepted.

With the biggest piece inplace, the others fell in rathermore quickly. And, on March3, 1901, the United States SteelCorporation was incorporated(yep, in New Jersey), capital-ized at just under one-and-a-half billion dollars (its assetswere worth about $790 mil-lion). Schwab would be itspresident.

The new steelmaking co-lossus, controlling three-fifthsof that industry in America,combined Carnegie Steel, -Federal Steel, - National Steel,- National Tube, - Ameri-can Steel and Wire, - Ameri-can Tin Plate, - AmericanSteel Hoop ,-American SheetSteel, - American Bridge, -and, with some difficulty, LakeSuperior Consolidated IronMines.

Lake Superior (no connec-tion to Lake Superior Powerthat surfaced around Sudburyshortly afterward) controlledmuch of the vast Mesabi ironrange in northern Michiganand was owned by theRockefellers. For years; thesemining lands had been leasedto Carnegie, but Morgan waseventually convinced that thenew corporation had to haveoutright ownership. For $5

The deal done, Morganheaded off in April on his an-nual trip to Europe. Then camethe afternoon of September14, 1901. Succumbing to gun-shot wounds sustained theweek before, WilliamMcKinley died. TheodoreRoosevelt was the new Presi-dent of The United States.

In the name of good alloys

Not quite as cooperativewith the captains of industryas his predecessor had been,Roosevelt began sharpeningthe teeth in the Sherman Act.This added some urgency tothe plans of one Robert MeansThompson, president andprincipal owner of the OrfordCopper Company.

In his 1960 book "For TheYears To Come", Inco Chair-man Dr. Iohn F. Thompson(no relation) talked about theformation of InternationalNickel, and how the earlierThompson had first gone tothe Rockefellers in search ofbacking for his grand newscheme.

Maybe he thought the oilmagnate and his son wouldbe receptive because they hadbeen neighbors for some time.His Orford refinery was rightnext door to the Standard Oilrefinery, across the harbor inNew Jersey. He thought wrong.Having just divested them-selves of the Mesabi range inthe U.S. Steel merger, theRocke fellers weren't interestedin getting into something as

untried as nickel. Indeed, thispart of the story has maybebeen overplayed through theyears. Travelling in the high-brow circles he did, ColonelThompson would have beenaware of the mood of theRockefellers-and of the con-trasting optimism at U.S. Steel.

Anyway, up at 71 Broad-way, the new offices of U.S.Steel itself, the reception wasvery different. There, Schwaband his colleagues knew aboutSudbury and about nickel andits importance to the steel al-loys that were in increasingdemand. It would be ex-tremely useful, they reasoned,to help establish a compre-hensive nickel concern overwhich the dominant force inthe steel industry could havesome influence. They mightalso make a dollar or two.

Rampant gossip

In Sudbury, and in NorthAmerican headlines, gossipran rampant in the earlymonths of 1902.

N.Y. Herald, Jan. 1: "SteelTrust Gets Control of Nickel."

Engineering and MiningJournal, Jan.25: "A RumoredNickel Trust."

Boston News Herald,March 26: "United States Steel- Its Shrewd Move To ControlSupplies of Nickel."

Toward the end of March,1902, Colonel Thompsonspelled out what he could doin terms of bringing togetherOrford Copper, CanadianCopper (the ewe1 in the pro-posed crown), theAngloAmerican Iron Com-pany, the Vermilion MiningCompany, the Nickel Corpo-ration of Great Britain, theAmerican Nickel Works andthe Societe MiniereCaledonienne.

In a similar position to thatof Morgan a year before, onlyon a scale one-fiftieth the size,Schwab agreed. He, and cer-tain of the U.S. Steel directors,would on their own accountback Thompson's company.Contrary to popular belief atthe time, it would not be asubsidiary of the huge steelcorporation - but a numberof the same personalitieswould be involved.

And, yes, this deed toowould be done in the State ofNew Jersey.

There were rumors, somepersisting even today, that J.P.Morgan himself was behind'the nickel trust'. Hardly. Hewas far too busy with biggerthings to become personallyinvolved in establishing anenterprise worth less than hisart collection. He might haveapproved the purchase ofsome securities or bonds, butthat would be the extent of it.

On March 29, 1902, theInternational Nickel Com-pany was incorporated, withan issued capital of about $28million, considerably morethan the asset value of the oldcompanies. It was an invest-ment in the future, in an ideawhose time had come - aninvestment that paid off hand-somely, over and over again.

16 MARCH 1992

Yesterday.

10 Years Ago

When Atlas-Copco, a mining machine manufacturer, went lookingfor the oldest mucking machines still operating in Canada in 1982, itfound the oldest machine functioning at Inco.

Identified by its serial number, 772705, it was working on driftdevelopment on the 4,800-foot level at Creighton Mine, the first muckingmachine delivered to Canada by the company in 1961.

"We consider seven years as the write-off value of a mucking ma-chine," stated Bob McLeod, branch manager for Atlas-Copco.

How did this one manage to last so long? Well Isadore 'Izzy' Seguin,a drift driller, who had operated old number 772705 for 16 years mighthave had the answer. "It was in 1966 that I first got my hands on it," heremembered. "It was in good shape then and we kept it that way."

Taking care of his machine for Izzy meant lubricating it regularly,washing it after every shift and, when anything went wrong with it,immediately calling the drill fitter to repair it.

When Atlas-Copco officials visited the mine to look at the machinethey thought it had been scrubbed spotless and clean for their benefit. Nosiree they were told, that's the way we always keep it.

25 Years Ago

In March of 1967 the Inco Triangle featured a story on the 1,200 tonhydraulic suction dredge that would remove 15,000,000 cubic yards ofmuskeg, silt and clay down to an average depth of 160 feet over the Pipeorebody at Thompson, Manitoba.

The dredge was to make an elliptical excavation about 3,700 feet longby 2,000 feet wide to remove overburden above the ore, so open pitmining could commence.

Muckingmachine agesgracefully

Floating on water pumped through a 10,000 foot pipeline from theUpper Ospawagan Lake, the dredge was equipped with a nine-footdiameter rotary cutter, which could operate at a depth of 45 feet, to chumup the overburden. A 4,000-horsepower motor would pump out thesludge at a rate of 35,000 gallons a minute. The water would then bereplaced in the reservoir from the lake at the same rate it was taken outto maintain the water level.

The hull of the dredge was 40 feet wide and 133 feet long and wouldtake 95 railroad cars to transport in dismantled parts to a point 22 milesfrom Thompson, where they would be hauled the rest of the way bytrailer.

Dredging was targeted to start July 1, 1967 and be completed byDecember 1, 1969.

40 Years Ago

New star boarders at the Fielding Sanctuary 40 years ago were fourCanada geese brought from the famous Jack Miner haven for wildfowlnear Kingsville, Ontario. They joined 11 mallard ducks, who werealready there, and would be joined later in the year by snow geese andbluel I mallards, operating as decoy hosts for other birds, brought inhundreds of ducks to enjoy the food and hospitality of the preserve.

The purpose of the geese, their wing tips paralysed so they could onlyfly short distances, was to attract other geese on their annual migrationto and from James Bay.

Fifteen hundred evergreens were planted in the preserve in 1951, and7,000 were slated to be planted in 1952. To accommodate migratingbirds, fields had been crosscut with water-filled ditches and grain sown onthe 2,500-acre preserve.

Although the Fielding Sanctuary, a short distance from Copper Cliff,is a p'tihlir park today, many species of waterfowl still dwell in the area.

Award WinnersMines Exploration superintendent Lawrence Cochranepresented $3,640 in engineering awards to fiveCambrian College engineering students on behalf oflnco. From left are, Joseph Cirelli, Danny Boyuk,Lawrence Cochrane, Kevin Thompson, GreggColasimone and Michel Brldeau.

Fond FarewellFriends and colleagues gathered at the Copper CliffClub earlier this month to bid farewell to four retiringlnco veterans. Special guest 'Estaire Bindaire' (centre),alias Gaston Binnette of the Copper Cliff Smelter,dropped by to say goodbye to Graham Ross, formermanager of the Frood-Stobie-Garson Complex, DonMcLeod, former manager of Mines Engineering, MarkMartin, former Ontario Division comptroller, and NormAnderson, former manager of Mines Exploration.

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SUOBt.RV PUBLIC LIBRARY,74 MACKENZIE STREETSLJDBURY, ONTARIO.CANADAP3C 4X

Manager Public Affairs Publications EditorJerry Rogers John Gast

for employees and pensioners of the Ontario Division of IncoLimited. Produced by the Public Affairs Department. Membersof the International Association of Business Communicators.

Letters and comments are welcomed and should be addressed tothe editor at Inco Limited, Public Affairs Department, CopperCliff, Ontario POM 1NO. Phone 705-682-5428