- the movement of people from farms to cities by 1860 only 1 in 5 americans lived in a city by 1890...
TRANSCRIPT
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21-2: An Age of Cities
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Urban Populations Grow• - the movement of
people from farms to cities• By 1860 only 1 in 5 Americans lived in a city• By 1890 1 in 3 did
• Jobs drew people into the city• Steel mills, meatpacking plants, garment factories, sales
clerks, etc.
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Urban Populations Grow cont…• Cities flooded with ,
and farmers from the plains who were coming back to the cities
• African Americans moved to northern cities• Chicago, Detroit, NY, Philadelphia grew in AA
neighborhoods
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City Settlement-Lower Class• The poorest people lived in the cities’ center in
small apartments called .
• Many had no windows, heat, bathrooms• Whole families would fit into one room!
• Sickness and disease spread rapidly throughout the overcrowded cities
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City Settlement-
• Moving outward from the center, lived the middle class• Doctors, lawyers, business managers, skilled workers,
office workers
• The conditions in this housing section was much improved from the slums of the poor
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City Settlement- • Lived on the outskirts of the city in mansions• 5th Ave in NY city
• The wealthy lived like European royalty
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Solving City Problems• Cities were filthy• Garbage lay in the streets, plumbing was scarce, crowded,
, sickness
• Crime ran high as law enforcement was still developing
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Urban Reforms•
standards for construction and safety• Fire escapes, plumbing, etc.
• Trash removal, street cleaners
• Zoning Laws- disallowed companies from building factories in the center of the city
• Police forces and fire stations
• Underground sewer systems and clean water
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Religious Organizations Lend a Hand
• Catholic Church helped many Polish, Irish, and Italian immigrants
• Many Protestant ministers urged middle and upper class citizens to lend a hand as well
• The offered food and shelter to the poor
• The Young Men’s Hebrew Association helped many Jewish immigrants
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Settlement Houses• community
centers that offered services to the poor• Jane Adams from Chicago- led this movement• She started the Chicago Hull House in 1889
• These houses helped them “acculturate” and learn American culture and language
• Also gave them a place to stay