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5-mw

kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥_m^JnXßƒ

Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

]km-[\wsKbvkv FPpt°-jW¬ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥

mappilaheritagelibrary.com

Malayalam

Nethrusmrithi-4

Syed Abdurahiman Bafakhy Thangal(Biography)

by

M.C. Vatakara

All rights reserved

First Published: September 2004

Grace First Edition: December 2011

Grace Second Edition: March 2018

Grace Third Edition: April 2018

Grace Fourth Edition: May 2018

Published by

Grace Educational Association

PB No.3, Malappuram Dist, 676 317

DTP : Samad Kondotty

Cover: Najeem Kochukalunk

Printed at: Redstar offset

Price : ` 200/-

Distributors

Grace Books

PB No.3, Camp Sayyid

Malappuram Dist. 676 317

[email protected]

www.mappilaheritagelibrary.com


]km-[-I-°p-dn∏v

kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^JnXßƒ (1906˛1973) Hcp Ime-L-´-Øn¬ tIcfcmjvSo-b-Øns‚ KXnhnK-Xn-Iƒ \nb-¥n® P\-t\-Xm-hm-Wv. aX-ku-lm¿±-Øn\pw kmaq-lnI \oXn°pw ]nt∂m-°-P-\-hn-`m-K-ß-fpsS ]ptcm-K-Xn°pw th≠n \ne-sIm≠ At±lw Id-]p-c-fmØ hy‡n-Xzhpw ASn-bp-d® Zo\o-Nn-´-Ifpw B¿÷-hhpw \ne-\n-dpØn s]mXpPohn-X-Øn¬ Xnf-ßp∂ amXr-I-bm-bn. B Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn®v ]pXnb Xe-ap-dbv°v Adn-hp-]-I-cm≥ Fw.-kn. hS-I-c-bpsS Cu KŸ-Øn\v Ign-bpw. tIcfk¿°m-cns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-h-Ip∏v “tIc-fob alm-flm-°ƒ’ F∂ ]c-º-c-bn¬ 2004 sk]vXw-_-dn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn® ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ aq∂mw ]Xn-∏mWv CXv. Zo¿L-Im-e-]-k-‡n-bp-≈ aqey-ß-fpsS Poh¬am-Xr-I-Iƒ ]pXp-X-e-ap-dbv°p ssIam-dm-\p≈ ia-Øns‚ `mK-ambn Cu ]pkvXIw ka¿∏n-°p-∂p. hnZym-`ymk kmwkvIm-cn-I-cw-KØv Hcp Zim-_vZØnte-sdbmbn ]h¿Øn-°p∂ kwL-S-\-bmWv sKbvkv FPpt°-jW¬ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥. ]mc-º-cy-]-T-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn sKbvkv Gs‰-SpØ ][m\ s]mP-IvSp-I-fn-sem-∂mWv -'t\Xr-kvar-Xn'. Cu ]c-º-c-bnse \mem-asØ ]pkvX-I-amb “kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^JnXßƒ’ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v A\p-hmZw \¬Inb Fw.-kn. hS-I-c, ]kn-≤o-I-cWØn\v klm-bn® dnbm-Zv kn-än v-f-hÀ Kq¸v Fw.Un. Sn.Fw. A-l-½Z v-tIm-b F-¶nhÀ°v \µn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw ]kw-K-I-\p-amb Fw.-kn. C_mlnw 1939 Pqembv H∂n\v hS-I-c-bn¬ P\n-®p. Fkv.-]n.-F-®v.-hn. kvIqƒ, Fw.-bp.-Fw. sslkvIqƒ, _n.-C.-Fw. sslkvIqƒ, Xe-t»cn Kh. _Æ≥ tImtfPv F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ hnZym-`ym-kw. 1961 ¬ Kh¨sa‚ v k¿∆o-kn¬ tN¿∂p. 1994 ¬ ko\n-b¿ tKUv cPn-kvSm-dmbn hnc-an-®p. tÃ‰v Fwtπm-bokv bqWn-b≥ F∂ k¿∆okv kwL-S-\-bpsS ÿm]I ]kn-U‚m-Wv. B\p-Im-enI ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fn¬ cmjvSo-b-te-J-\-ßƒ Fgp-Xp-∂p. hnhn[ kmlnXy kmwkvIm-cnI kwL-S-\-I-fn¬ AwK-am-Wv.

IrXn-Iƒ : kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb ˛ cmjvSob Poh-N-cnXw (aq∂v ]Xn-∏p-Iƒ), apkvenw-eoKv Ncn-X-Øns‚ Zim-k-‘n-I-fn¬ (c≠p ]Xn-∏p-Iƒ), apkvenw cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ \qdp h¿jw, apkvenw-eoKv \ne-]m-Sp-I-fpsS \oXn-im-kvXw.

Ahm¿Up-Iƒ: keme sI.-Fw.-kn-.kn- bpsS JmC-sZ-an-√Øv Ahm¿Uv, s]cp-ºn-emhv l±mZv SÃns‚ Camw A_vZp√ _n≥ Aehn l±mZv Ahm¿Uv, Xriq¿ koXn-km-ln_v tkmtjym- Iƒ®-d¬ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ Ahm¿Uv.

`mcy: ssaaq\ (a-cWw. 2016)a°ƒ: a≥kq¿, kp\o-d, eØo-^v, jm\-hmkv

hnemkw : lcn-Xm-ebw, ]g-¶m-hv, hS-I-c, tImgnt°mSv Pn√

t^m¨: 09846656643


hne-s∏´ hnh-c-ßƒC.-Sn. apl-ΩZv _jo¿

hn\m-i-Øns‚ ]Sp-Ip-gn-bn-te°v ]Xn-°p-am-bn-cp∂ ]XnX kaq-l-Øn\v lcn-Xm- -amb ]Xo-£-tb-Im≥ hy‡n-]- m-h-Øns‚ am-kva-cn-I-X-°m-hp-sa-∂-Xn\v kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^JnXßfpsS PohnXw Xs∂-bmWv sXfn-hv. sshtZ-in-Im-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ kwL-SnX t]mcm´w tZiob kzmX-¥y-k-a-c-ambn cq]w-sIm-≠-t∏mƒ AXn¬ t\Xr-]-c-amb ]¶v hln-°m≥ apkvenw-Iƒ°v km[n-®p. CtX-Xp-S¿∂v Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp \nco-£n-®Xv t]mse 1857 \v tijw _n´o-jp-Im-cpsS hntcm-[-Øn\pw ]oU-\-Øn\pw IqSp-X¬ Cc-bm-th-≠n-h-∂Xv cmPysØ apkvenw-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. lnµp apkvenw Iq´mbva C√m-Xm°pw hn[w `n∂n-∏n-°¬ \bw F∂ cmjvSob IpSn-e-X¥w Ah¿ \S-∏m°n h∂p. _n´ojv hncp≤ t]mcm- -ßƒ°nS-bnepw kmap-Zm-bn-Ihpw h¿§o-b-hp-amb [pho-I-c-W-ßfpw cmPy-sØ-ºm-Sp-ap-≠m-bn. H∂mw BtKmf bp≤sØ XpS¿∂v Xp¿°n-°p-≠mb A]-am-\sØ Jnem-^Øv ]ÿm-\-Øn-eqsS sNdp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Jnem-^Øv ]ÿm\w kzmX-¥y-k-a-c-Øns‚ mK-ambn alm-fl-Pnbpw Aen ktlm-Z-c-∑mcpw G‰p ]nSn-®-t∏mƒ Ie-ßn-a-dn™ cmjvSob IpXp-l-e-ßƒ°v ae-_mdpw km£n-bm-bn. Jnem-^Øv ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ A\p-c-W-\ßƒ ae-_m-dn-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. amX-a√ sXm≈m-bn-cØn Ccp-]ØnH∂nse Iem-]-Øn\v apºv Aº-Ø©v sNdp bp≤-ßƒ°m-Wv ae-_m¿ km£n-bm-b-Xv. cmPysØ ]I-º\w sIm≈n® G‰hpw henb kzmX-¥y-]-t£m-`-Øns‚ `qanI Xo¿°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p ae-_m¿. Iem-]-s°-Sp-Xn-Iƒ Ah¿Æ-\obw! ]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ FÆn-Øn- -s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-hm-Ø-Xv, kmap-Zm-bnI kulm¿±-Øn-t\‰ £X-ßƒ Aa¿Øn ambv®mepw ambm-Ø-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp alm-Zp-c-¥-Øns‚ Zu¿`m-Ky-k-¥-Xn-I-fmbn ae-_m-dnse am∏n-f-k-ap-Zmbw amdn-t∏m-hp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A\n-b-¥n-X-amb kzmX-¥y-hmRvNbpw \nc-¶p-i-amb tZim-`n-am-\-t_m-[hpw Ah-cnse hnπ-h-a-\-ns\ t£m`n-∏n-®p-sIm-


≠n-cp-∂p. Xncn-®-Sn-I-fpsS then-tb-‰-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ \jvS-s∏-´Xv D‰-hcpw DS-b-h-cpw. _wKmƒ Dƒ°-S-ense t\ms°Øm Zqc-tØ°v c‡-_-‘p-°ƒ ]dn-s®-dn-b-s∏-´-t∏mƒ _n´ojv _em¬Im-c-Øn\pw [m¿jvSy-Øn\pw apºn¬ Pohm¿∏-W-Øn\pw ae-_m-dnse am∏n-f-am¿ k∂-≤-cm-bn. ]t£m- m-\-¥c ae-_m-dns‚ cmjvSo-b- -km-aq-ln-Im-¥-co£w hnjm-Z-Øns‚ Imfna ]c-Øn. IqsS--∏n-d-∂-h-scbpw CW-I-sfbpw \jvS-s∏-´-h¿, tcmKw sIm≠pw ZmcnZyw sIm≠pw IjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿. ]Xym-i-bpsS Inc-W-an-√msX Ccp≠ mhn-tbm¿Øv A¥n®p \n∂ Hcp kaq-l-Øn-te-°m-bn-cp∂p lcn-X-cm-jvSo-b-Øns‚ kvt\l-Zq-Xp-ambn kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^JnXßfpw kl-]-h¿Ø-Icpw IS-∂p-h--∂Xv. Fw.-kn. C_m-ln-ans‚ Cu ]pkvXIw _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ F∂ henb a\p-jys‚ PohnX hyh-lm-c-ß-fpsS kakvX taJ-e-bn-te°pw shfn®w hoip-∂p. anØpw eP‚pw hkvXp-Xbpw Ncn-Xhpw Cg-tN¿Øv cNn® Cu ]pkvXIw ⁄m\n-bmb Hcp Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ Ncn-Xm-t\z-j-W-Øn-s‚bpw Ah-Km-l-Øn-s‚bpw kºp-jvS-amb Hcp D¬]-∂-am-bn-´p thWw ImWm≥. ]¥-em-bn\n ]g-a-tbmsS Bcw- n-®Xv Xs∂ KŸ-c-N-\-bnse ]pXp-a-bmbn tXm∂p-I-bmWv. hmkvtImZ Kma tImgn-t°mSv I∏-en-dßpw aptº temI-hym-]mc q]-S-Øn¬ CSw t\Snb tImgn-t°m-Sn-s\bpw sImbn-em≠n sIm√-tØbpw Xmc-Xay ]T\w \S-Øp-Ibpw ]¥-en®p \n¬°p∂ Ab\n ac-ß-fm¬ ÿe-\maw h∂Xpw ]¥-em-b-\n-bpsS ]im¥ Xoc-ß-fn¬ \¶q-c-an´ hntZi I∏-ep-Isf ]d™pw NcnX k©m-cn-bmb kpsse-am≥ apX¬ C_v\p _ØqØ hsc-bp-≈-h-cpsS k©m-c°pdn-∏p-Iƒ Ab-hn-d-°nbpw ]gb hWnIv kwL-ßsf ]cm-a¿in®pw XpS-ßn...... amenIv _n≥ l_o_pw kwLhpw ]¥-em-b-\n-bn-se-Ønb IYbpw BZw \_n-bpsS Im¬∏m-Sp-Iƒ ]md-∏-≈n-bn¬ ]Xn-s™∂ sFXn-ly-Øn-eqsS ]ucm-WnI \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS ]mc-º-cy-Øn-\-h-Im-i-s∏´pw \oßp∂p I-\s∏´ ]pd-ßƒ. Cu alnX ]mc-º-cy-ß-fpsS A£-b-J-\n-bn¬ \n∂v hnf-sh-Sp-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp∂p tIf-∏-Pn-bpw kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbbpw hn.-B¿. IrjvW-ø-cp-sa∂v KŸ-I¿Ømhv ka¿∞n-°p-∂p. B ]c-º-c-bnse ]Imiw sNmcn-bp∂ \£-X-ambn apl-ΩZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^-Jn-X-ßfpw cwK-]-thiw sNøp-∂p. Xß-fpsS IpSpw-_-Øns‚ ASn-th-cp-Iƒ tXSn-bp≈ At\z-j-W-Øn\v hne-s∏´ hnh-c-ß-fmWv Cu ]pkvXIw \ap°v \¬Ip-∂-Xv.


Ckvem-anI Ncn-X-Øne Nne kw -h-ßfpw ]hm-NI IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kw£n]vX hnh-c-Whpw \¬Inb KŸ-Im-c≥ _m^Jn F∂ t]cv ^Jo-lns‚ a°ƒ F∂¿∞w hcp∂ _m^-Jolv F∂-Xn¬ \n∂v cq]w ]m]n-®m-W-Xm-sW∂ hkvXp-Xbpw Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. _m^Jn B‚ v Iº-\n-bnse Acn-®m-°p-Iƒ°pw XSn® IW°v ]pkvX-I-ßƒ°panS-bn¬ Imew Ign-® _m^-Jn-X-ß-fpsS cmjvSob ]th-i hpw Hcp ]s£ ae-_m-dns‚ sXc-s™-Sp∏v cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ BZy-cw-K-]-th-ihpw H∂n®v kw`-hn-®Xv bmZr-—n-I-am-bn-cn-°mw. alm-\mb _n. t]m°¿ kmln-_n-s\-Xnsc ]h¿Øn® Xßƒ ]n∂oSv t]m°¿ kmln-_ns‚ k¥X kl-Nm-cn-bmbn amdn ae-_m-dnse apkvenw eoKv \mbI kwÿm-\-tØ-°p-b¿∂ cwKw cmjvSob hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v IuXpIw P\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. XpS¿∂v _m^-Jn-X-ß-fpsS \nd-km-∂n[yw ae-_m-dn-sebpw kwÿm-\-sØbpw apkvenw cmjvSobØn\p amX-a√ P\m-[n-]Xy ]ÿm-\-Øn\p Xs∂ Dbncpw DƒI-cp-Øp-ta-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fw.-kn.-bpsS Cu KŸw _m^Jn Xß-fpsS tXtPm-a-b-amb cmjvSob PohnXw ]pXnb Xe-ap-d°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. cm-jvSobØne-d-ßp-tºm-tg°pw A]-N-b-Ønepw apey-Nyp-Xn-bn-ep-a-I-s∏-Sp∂ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime kml-N-cy-Øn¬ _m^Jn Xß-fpsS hy‡nXzw thdn- p-\n¬°p-∂p. aXhpw kap-Zm-bhpw k¶p-NnX Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ°pw kzm¿∞-X°pw th≠n Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNø-s∏´ Hcp Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Xßƒ kap-Zm-b kulm¿±-Øns‚ G‰hpw henb Imh-em-fm-bn-cp-∂p. kz¥w kap-ZmbtØmSpw hnizm-km-Z¿i-ß-tfmSpw XnI™ Iqdpw `‡nbpw ]pe¿Ønb _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ A\y-a-XtØmSpw aX-ÿ-tcm-Sp-ap≈ ho£-W-Øn\v hnim-e-a-\kvIX-bpsS Bƒcq-]-am-bn-cp-∂p.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

8

t\Xm-°-fpsS t\XmhvtUm. Fw.-sI. ap\o¿

_m^Jn Xß-fpsS Pohn-X-N-cn-Xw- -]-¥-em-bn\n ]ga apX¬ hnS-hmßpw apsºmcp hnhmZw hsc- -A-]q¿∆ cN\m ssh`hw sIm≠v kº-∂-am-Wv. km[m-cW Poh-N-cnX cN-\-bn¬ \n∂v thdn´ Hcp hn ]p-e-am\w Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-\p-≠v. Hcp alm-]p-cp-j≥ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ncn-X-in¬]n IqSn-bm-Wv. NcnX krjvSn-bmWv Rm≥ \S-Øp-∂-Xv F∂ Imcyw `mhn°v hn´p- sIm-≠v Ncn-XsØ H∏w \S-Ønb sFXn-lm-knIam\-ap≈ _m -Jn-X-ßƒ F∂ t\Xm-hns\ At±-l-Øns‚ _lp-apJ hy‡nXzw A\m-h-cWw sNbvXv ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ G‰hpw anI® cN\ Hcp ]s£ Fw.-kn. C_m-ln-an-t‚-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. [mcmfw ]ÿm-\-ßƒ DZn-°p-Ibpw hf-cp-Ibpw ]nf-cp-Ibpw ]pe-cp-Ibpw sNbvX Cu \mSns‚ Ncn-X-Øns‚ CS-\m-gn-I-bn-eqsS Ka\w \S-Øp∂ Hcp A\p- qXn _m -Jn-X-ß-fpsS Poh-N-cnXw \ap°v \¬Ip-∂p. Xo£vW t]mcm- -ßfpw Ah-Imi ka-c-ßfpw \nd™ H∂m-bn-cp∂p _m^JnXß-fpsS Ime-L-´w. ae-_m¿ Iem]w, kzmX-¥y-k-ac ]ÿm-\w, C¥ym hn`-P\w, kzX¥ C¥y, sXc-s™-Sp-∏v, sFIy-tI-c-fw, C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ Bhn¿`m-hw, AXns‚ hf¿® F∂n-ßs\ cmPy- -cm-Pym-¥c cwKØv \nc-h[n NcnX aplq¿Ø-ßƒ Ac-tß-dnb Imew. Xßsf kzm[o-\n-°p-Ibpw Xß-fpsS Im¬]m-Sp-Iƒ ]Xn-bp-Ibpw sNbvX \nc-h[n ]ÿm\]Y-ßƒ Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Z¿in-°mw. tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ Ncn-X-Øn-eqsS lkz-ambn IS∂p t]mIp∂ Fw.-kn. C_-mlnw, Xßƒ F∂ hwi-hr-£sØ AXns‚ bYm¿∞ NcnX ]›m-X-e-Øn¬ Dd-∏n®p \n¿Øp-∂Xv Akm-[m-cW DƒIm-gvN-tbm-sSbpw kv]jvS-amb NcnX ho£-W-Øns‚ ]n≥_-e-tØm-sSbpw BWv. ba-\nse Xcow ]´-W-Øn¬ \n∂v XpSßn ]¥-em-b-\n-∏-g-a-bmbn ]cn-W-an-°p∂ B t]m÷ze NcnXw \h tIcf in¬]n-I-fn¬ ]ap-J-\mb Hcp hy‡n-bp-sS, D∂X io¿j-cmb \nc-h[n t\Xm-°sf hm¿sØ-SpØ t\Xm-


t\Xr-kvarXn kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ

9

°-∑m-cpsS t\Xm-hn-s‚, Ahn-kva-c-Wob Poh-N-cn-X-am-Ip-∂p. c≠mw temI-a-lm-bp≤ ImesØ hdp-Xn-bn¬\n∂v ]mh-ßsf c£n-°m≥ tImgn-t°mSv kz¥-ambn \ymb-hne tjm∏p-Iƒ Bcw-`n® Xßƒ ]ns∂ ]m¿iz-h-XvI-cn-°-s∏- -h¿°v AØm-Wn-bm-Ip∂ Hcp ]ÿm\ \mb-I-\mbn amdn Hcp sFXn-lm-knI NcnXw Na-bv°p∂ hnkva-b-am-Wv \mw ImWp-∂-Xv. tIc-f-Øns‚ Ckvemw Ncn-Xw, Xßƒ IpSpw_ Ncn-Xw, ]¥-em-b-\n-s∏-cp-a, 1948 ¬ C-¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ cq ]o-I-c-Ww, ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Pohm-flmhpw ]c-am-flm-hp-amb JmCsZ an√-Øp-sam-Øp≈ ]h¿Ø-\w, sFIy-tI-c-fw, 1960˛se XnI£n ap∂-Wn, eoKns‚ a¥n-k`m ]mXn-\n[yw Imdnepw tImfnepw De-bp∂ `c-W-Iq-S-ßƒ, cmjvSob ap≥hn-[n-Iƒ, `c-W-I¿Øm-°ƒ XpSßn kao-]- q-X-Ime tIcf kmaq-lnI cmjvSob qan-I-bpsS Hcp bYm¿∞ ]cn-t—-Z-amWv Fw.-kn. C_m-ln-ans‚ Cu cN-\. t]cn¬ Hcp kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ \maw [z\n-°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw Cu \mń¬ \S-∏m-°nb F√m hnπ-h-I-c-amb cW ]cn-jvIm-c-ß-sfbpw _m -Jn-X-ß-fpsS ]ÿm\w ]n¥p-W®p F∂v ImWmw. `q]-cn-jvIm-c-am-h-s´, hnZym-`ymk ]cn-jvIm-c-ß-fm-hs´, I¿j-IsØm-gn-emfn \nb-a-ß-fm-I-s´, sXmgn¬ kpc-£-bm-hs´ GXp taJ-e-bm-bmepw ]mh-s∏-´-hs‚ ]£Øv \ne-bp-d-∏n® Hcp ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Ncn-X-amWv A\m-h-cWw sNøp-∂-Xv. C∂sØ bp.-Un.-F^v kwhn-[m-\-Øn\v _oPm-hm]w sNbvXXpw ANyp-X-ta-t\m≥ F∂ ]Xn-`sb tIcf t\XrXzw G¬∏n-°m≥ s\Sp-\m-b-IXzw hln-®Xpw a‰m-cp-a-√. Fkv. -sI. s]m‰-°m-ń\v ]m¿e-sa‚ v Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ ]m¿ń \¬Inb ]n¥p-W°v kam-\-amb H∂v as‰mcp ]ÿm-\-Øn\pw Db¿Øn-°m-´m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. ]m¿iz-h-XvI-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp ]nt∂m° kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ intem-en-JnXw ]Xn-_-≤-X-tbm-sS, \n›b Zm¿Vy-tØm-sS, e£y-t_m-[-tØm-sS, ]mtbm-KnI ⁄m\-tØm-sS, aqey-ßƒ apdpsI ]nSn®v am‰n-°p-dn-®-t∏mƒ tIc-f-Ønse AK-K-Wy-cmb \thm-∞m\ \mb-I-cn¬ Hcm-fmbn amdp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^JnXßƒ. Fw.-kn. C_m-ln-ans‚ hm°p-I-fn¬ Cu Ah-Xm-cn-I°v hncm-a-an-S-s´. "F√m \∑-I-sfbpw CjvS-s∏´ BfmWv _m^Jn Xßƒ. a\p-jys‚ bmX-\-Ifpw Zp:Jßfpw ImWp-tºmƒ ]X-dn-t∏m-Ip∂ teme-tem-e-amb Hcp a\-m-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øn-t‚-Xv'. Ncn-XsØ Hcp Nnan-gn-sem-Xp-°nb Cu Poh-N-cnXw A\-iz-

c-am-Ip-∂p.


apJ-°p-dn∏v

tIcf cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ Pm÷z-ey-am-\amb Hcp Ime-L-´-Øns‚ CXn-lm-k-am-bn-cp∂p kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^JnXßƒ. ]mcm-hm-cw-t]mse \o≠p-]c∂p InS-°p∂ B Pohn-X-Øn¬ \n∂v hmb-\m-aq-ey-ap≈ GXm\pw AS-cp-Iƒ tXSn-∏n-Sn®v kml-kn-I-ambn Xøm-dm-°nb inYne Nn-X-ß-fmWv ASpØ t]Pp-I-fn-eqsS A\m-h-cWw sNøp-∂-Xv. tIcf k¿°m-dns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-≤o-I-cW hIp-∏n¬ \n∂v _m^-Jn-X-ß-fpsS Hcp Poh-N-cnXw Xøm-dm-°m-\p≈ £Ww e`n-®-t∏mƒ F \n°v BZy-samcp sR´-em-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. ]mW-°mSv kønZv apl-Ω-Zen inlm_v Xß-fpsS t]c-Wbpw ]n≥_-ehpw B £W-Øn\v ]n∂n-ep-s≠-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ `bw h¿[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]cn-anX hn`-h-ßƒ amXw ssIh-i-ap≈ Fs‚ Ign-hp-Iƒ°-∏p-d-ap≈ Hcp Imcy-am-Wt√m Fs∂ G¬∏n-®Xv F∂ Nn¥-bm-Wv B `b-∏m-Sn-\p≈ Imc-Ww. BZyw Hgn™p t\m°n-sb-¶nepw F\n-°-Xn¬ \n∂pw c£-s∏-Sm-\m-bn-√. HSp-hn¬ c≠pw I¬∏n®v Rm\m kwcw`w Gs‰-Sp-Øp. Poh-N-cn-X-c-N-\-bpsS kmt¶-XnI \nb-a-ß-sfm∂pw A`y-kn-®n- n-√mØ Hcm-fmWv Rm≥. kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-bpsS cmjvSob Poh-N-cnXw Fgp-Xn-sb-∂p-≈-XmWv Cu cwK-Øp≈ aqe-[-\w. kao] qX-Im-e-amWv _m -Jn-X-ß-fpsS Pohn-X-Im-e-sa-¶nepw At±-l-Øns‚ _mey-Im-esØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ hnh-c-ß-sf√mw Ccp-fn¬ Ign-bp-∂p. B ImesØ kw_-‘n® hnh-c-ß-sfm∂pw Bcpw FgpXn sh®-Xmbn ImWp-∂n-√. ka-Im-en-I-cmb Bfp-Iƒ acn®p t]mbn. AXn-\m¬ sNdnb hnh-c-ßƒ tiJ-cn-°m≥ t]mepw henb ia-ßƒ th≠n-h-∂p. kwL-Sn-Xcpw Gsd ]nt∂m-°m-h-ÿ-bn¬ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-h-cp-amb tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw kaq-lsØ cmjvSob sFIy-Øns‚ Nc-Sn¬ GtIm-]n-∏n-°p-Ibpw B sFIy-i-‡nsb Ah-cpsS kmaqlntIm¬°¿j-Øn-\p≈ Nme-I-i-‡n-bmbn ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp F∂p-≈-XmWv Ncn-X-Øn¬ _m^Jn Xß-fpsS ÿm\w. ]m¥-h¬°-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp \yq\-]£ hn`m-KsØ kaq-l-Øns‚ apJy-[m-c-bn-te°v \bn-°m\pw At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™p. At±lw B ZuXyw Fßs\ hnP-b-I-c-ambn ]q¿Øo-I-cn®p F∂v hnh-cn-°m-\mWv Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ian-°p-∂-Xv. klm-b-k-l-I-c-W-ßƒ \¬In-b-h¿°v, ]uV-amb Ipdn∏v sIm≠v CXns\ [\y-am-°nb C.-Sn. apl-ΩZv _jo-dn\pw tUm. Fw.-sI. aq\o-dn\pw

kvt\l-]q¿∆w \µn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

Fw.-kn. hS-Ic


D≈-S°w

1. ]¥-em-bn-\n-∏-ga 13

2. ASn-th-cp-Iƒ Atd-_y-bn¬ 23

3. I®-h-S-Øn¬ \n∂v I£n-cm-jvSo-b-Øn-te°v 27

4. Dd® Im¬sh-∏p-Iƒ 40

5. t\Xr-Xz-Øns‚ ]Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ 51

6. sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn¬ \mb-I-\mbn 60

7. im¥n-Zq-Xp-ambn kwL¿j-`q-an-bn¬ 73

8. ssltd-©ns‚ Xm°oXvv 90

9. Nph∏v ambp∂ tIcfw 103

10. apt∂-‰-Øns‚ IcpØv 111

11. _en Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ tZhX 128

12. ]´w ]©m-_n-te°v 146

13. Nne ho´p-hn-ti-j-ßƒ IqSn 159

14. aZn-cmin ]tabw 176

15. ag-hn√p t]msemcp a¥n-k` 188

16. Kh¨sa‚p-Iƒ XI-cp-∂Xv 202

17. ]pXnb ap∂-Wn, ]pXnb P\-hn[n 209

18. hnS-hmßpw apsºmcp hnhmZw 230

A\p_Ôw

1. amXrImtbmKy\mb kapZmb t\Xmhv 244

2. Rm³ Iï ]KÂ`\mb t\Xmhv 247

3. _m^Jn X§fpsS kzmKX ]kwKw 251


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

12



13

1

]¥-em-bn-\n-∏-ga

]Xn-t\gmw \º¿ tZio-b-]m-X-bn-eqsS tImgn-t°mSv \n∂v h≠n-tbm-Sn®v hS-t°m v t]mIp-tºmƒ ]-Xn-\m-dm-asØ \mgn-I-°√v I≠m¬\n¿Øp-I- -\n-ßƒ sIm√-sØ-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. hoXn Ipd-™ tdmUns‚HØ \Sp-hn¬ sIń-s∏m-°nb Unssh-U-dn¬ \nß-fpsS h≠n-®-I-ßƒ apń-t∏m-Im-Xn-cn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ \√-t]mse kq£n-°-Ww. "apdn-Iƒ hmS-I°v sImSp-°-s∏Spw'F∂v \nc-∏-e-I-I-fn¬ tNm°v sIm≠vFgp-Xn-b-h-b-S°w ]Ø-ºXv apdn I®-h-S-]o-Sn-I-Isf D≈q-sh-¶nepwkwi-bn-°m-\n-√. CXv sIm√w \Kcn Xs∂-˛-N-cn-X-Øn¬ ]pIƒs]‰]¥-em-b\n sIm√w-˛-]-g-a-I-fn¬ s]cp-a-bm¿∂ ]ø-\mSv cmPyw.

XSm-Iw-t]mse ]c-∂p-In-S-°p∂ Pe-k-ar-≤-amb sIm√w Nnd-bn¬ \n∂v Hgp-In-sb-Øp∂ Ipfn¿Im-‰n¬ sXmgp-I-tømsS \n¬°p∂alm-flm-Km-‘n-bpsS sh¶-e-]-Xn-asb hew-sh®v sIm≠v ]Sn-™m-tdm´v \S-∂m¬ \nßƒ ]mNo\ \K-cm-h-in-jvS-ß-fpsS \Sp-hn-em-bn.CXv ]g-b -\-Kcw Xs∂ F∂v hnfn-®-dn-bn-°m≥ \K-tc-iz-cw- t£-X-Øns‚ Ipw`-tKm-]p-c-Øn¬ \n∂v Inw]p-cp-j≥am¿ \nßsf t\m°n]p©n-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-hpw.

]Xy-£-Øn¬ CXv sImbn-em-≠n-bpsS hen®p \ońb Hc\p-_-‘-a-t√-sb∂v tXm∂n-t∏m-Ipw. F∂m¬ t\sc-a-dn-®mWv kXyw.sImbn-em≠n ]≠p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]gb sIm√w ]S¿-∂p-≠m-b-XmWvsImbn-em-≠n. Xoh-≠n-bm-∏okv Ahn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ ]pXnb \K-chpw Ahn-sS-bm-bn. ]gb tcJ-Ifn¬ sImbn-em-≠n-sb-∂√ ]¥-em-b\n Ft∂m sIm√w Ft∂m amXta ImWq. ]gb tImS-Xn-ap-Z-I-fn¬ ]ø-\mSv F∂mWv Cub-SpØ Imew-hsc I≠-Xv. Ct∏mƒ sImbn-em≠n ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-bpsS 34 apX¬ 37 hsc hm¿Up-Iƒ tN¿∂-XmWv ]¥-em-bn\n sIm√w. hnt√Pv dn°m¿Up-I-f-\p-k-cn®v 537.96


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

14

G°¿ hnkvXo¿Æ-ap≈ Hcp Xoc-tZ-i-Km-aw.]≠v CsXmcp Kma-am-bn-cp-∂p. bp.-F. JmZ-dns‚ AtLm-c-in-

h-Ønse tZmibpw Im∏nbpw hn¬°p∂ ]´-∑m-cpsS ]q¿∆o-I-cpsS-m©] Øsd-p∏-SI ƒI-nc-n¥-fC Sspc-m∑-bm\ ncmhmc mhYA vØemI

c-a-W-en¬ Ifn-hoSv sIń-°-fn-°p∂ Ime-Øv, s\t√m-e-ss∏-¶n-fn-Iƒ]m´p ]mSp-Ibpw sXtßm-e-Iƒ \rØ-am-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp\mń≥]p-dw. AhnsS \∑-I-fm¬ kar-≤-amb IY-Iƒ.

-ßR v√m©s-g] pcm∂sF 'w¥mi esm]t¬SI Øs√mIs"fpsS \mń¬ ]t≠ tIƒ°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]g-s©m-√n¬ ]Xn-cn-√.t\cm-Wv. AhnsS IS¬ Ct∏mgpw im¥-am-Wv. AXn-s\mcp Imc-W-hp-ap-≠v.

ba-\n¬ \n∂v Ckvemw aX-]-t_m-[-\-Øn-\mbn henb koXn-X-ßƒ, sNdnb koXn-X-ßƒ F∂o ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ ae-bm-f-°-c-bn¬FØn. A¤p-X-kn-≤n-bp≈ Xß-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p Ah¿. henb koXnXßƒ ]¥-em-bn-\n-bnepw sNdnb koXn Xßƒ hS-I-c-bnepw Xma-k-ap-d-∏n-®p. Hcp Znhkw Cu ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ ]¥-em-bn\n IS-∏p-dØvsh®v Ft¥m aX-Im-cy-ßƒ kwkm-cn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.Ime-h¿jsØ XpS¿∂v Ccºn adn-bp-I-bm-bn-cp∂ Ad-_n-°-S¬ Xß-∑m-cpsS kw`m-j-WsØ iey-s∏-Sp-Øn. Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv ]c-kv]cwtIƒ°msX h∂p. AXn-sem-cp- X-ßƒ £p`n-X-\m-bn. henb koXnXßƒ Hcp hSn-sb-SpØv "ISte ASßq' F∂v ]d-™p sIm≠v IS-ens\ sas√ ASn-®p. X¬£Ww Xnc-am-e-Iƒ \n»-_vZ-am-bn. kapZw

‚sne-S-°-n_-dA .p∂¿SpX wWj-m`wk ¿m∑-ßX .p®-nch-Iss X¥miHcp iI-esØ "im¥-k--apZ'am°n am‰nb henb koXn-X-ßƒ ]¥-em-bn-\n-bnse ]g-¶-Y-I-fn¬ ÿew ]nSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Cu IY hniz-kn-°m≥ ]bm-k-ap-≈-h¿°mbn CXm as‰mcphni-Zo-I-cWw:˛

sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ amX-a√ tImh-fØpw IS¬ im¥-am-Wv.AXv ]s£ henb koXn Xß-fpsS X√v sIm≠Xv sIm≠-√. at\m-l-c-amb Hcp ae-s©-cn-hn-emWv tImh-fsØ IS¬Xocw ÿnXn sNøp-

-p∂pI ∂p°¬n\-n¥D v°et-ne-SI wpfI-p°-pS-nb-dm] esnf-ß-coX .vX-∂I-fp-amWv AhnsS Xnc-am-e-Isf ]nSn®p \n¿Øp-∂-Xv. kap-Z-Ønse

-SL ≠St-∏s-°¿Nt nÆI wpfß-\-mb-nXyh ∂pch ¬nf-I-p°-pg-mcso\I-ß-fm-Wv. CØcw _o®p-Iƒ thsdbpw ImWmw. ]¥-em-bn\nsIm√Øpw IS-en-te°v NmSm≥ Hcp-sº´v \n¬°p∂ Ip∂p-I-fp-≠v.]kn-≤-amb ]md-∏≈n Ip∂p-Iƒ. ChnsS Icp-am-Sn-°p-´-∑m¿ I√p-Ω-



15

°mb ]dn-s®-Sp-°p∂ ]md-°q-´-ß-fp-ap-≠v. sXms´mcp hnfn-∏m-S-IsesFXn-ly-ßƒ ]pX-™p-d-ßp∂ sh≈n-bm-¶-√p-ap-≠v. \oscm-gp-°ns‚khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw i≤n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠v. IS-en-t\mSv sIń-∏p-W¿∂v\n¬°p∂ Huen-bm-∏-≈n-sb∂ tZhm-e-b-Øns‚ ]md-s∏m-Øns‚amdn¬ \n∂v Ddh h‰msX Hgp-Ip∂, \m´p-Im¿ Huenbm sh≈w F∂vhnfn-°p∂, D∏p ckw A¬]w t]mepw Ie-cmØ ip≤-P-e-Øns‚cmk-L-S-\sb kap-Z-Ønse \oscm-gp-°p-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØn Kth-jW hnj-b-am-t°-≠p∂ as‰mcp ]Xn-`m-k-am-Wv. CsX√mw IqSn-t®¿∂-mWv ]¥-em-b\n ]im-¥n-bpsS Xoc-am-b-Xv.

]S¿∂p ]¥-en®p InS-°p∂ Ab\n ac-ß-fmtWm ]¥-em-bn-\n°v B t]¿ \¬In-bXv? ]¥-em-Ir-Xn-bn¬ ]S¿∂p \n¬°p∂Ab\n ac-ßƒ Ct∏mgpw kpe- -am-Wn-hn-sS. Dt]m-Xv_-e-I-ambn sXm -SpØv "Ab-\n-°mSv ' Fs∂mcp Kma-hp-ap-≠v.

Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬ tZinw-K-\m-ńse cmPmhpw Ahn-SsØhym]m-cn-I-fmb cmhmcn \mb-∑m-cp-ambn Hcp iWvT-bp-≠m-bn. tZinw-K-\m-Sns‚ Xe-ÿm-\-amWv sIm√w. AYhm sX°≥ sIm√w. cmP-tIm-]-ap-≠m-b-Xns\ XpS¿∂v cmhm-cn-Iƒ cmPy-`-jvS-cmbn \mSp-hn-Sm≥\n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn. \qdp-I-W-°n\v cmhmcn IpSpw-_-ßƒ sIm√Øv \n∂vXß-fpsS sXmgn-ep-]-I-c-W-ß-fp-ambn Hcp ]tØ-am-cn-bn¬ Ibdn Ad-_n-°-S-en-eqsS hS-t°m-t´°v Xpg-™p. sXmgn¬ kma-Kn-I-tfm-sSm∏wXß-fpsS Ipe-tZ-h-X-bpsS hnK-lhpw Ah¿ sIm≠p h∂n-cp-∂p.`K-hXn Xs∂ Hcp hr≤ kvXobpsS cq]-Øn¬ tXmWn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-h-tX. ]Øv ]Xn-\mev Znh-ksØ Ae-®n-en\v tijw `K-h-Xn-bpsS A\p-K-l-tØmsS Ah¿ kuI-cy-]-Z-ambn Ic-b-Wbm≥ ]‰nb]¥-em-bn\n Xocw Is≠-Øp-∂p. Ae-I-sfm-Sp-ßnb Xocw AhscamSn hnfn-®p. ]ø-\mSv cmPm-hns‚ A\p-a-Xn-tbmsS ]¥-em-bn-\n-bpsShS-t°-°-c-bn¬ Cd-ßnb cmhm-cn-Iƒ AhnsS Xma-k-ap-d-∏n-®p. Ah¿B ]tZ-isØ sIm√w F∂v hnfn-®p. sshIm-cn-I-amb Hcp hnfn.tZinw-K-\m-ńse Xß-fpsS P∑-\-K-c-Øns‚ t]cv sX°≥ sIm√Øv]Xn-jvTn-®p. sX°≥ sIm√Øns‚ Hcp t¢mWnwKv ]Xn∏v t]mse]¥-em-bn-\n-bn¬ Ah¿ Hcp ]pXnb \Kcw ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw Xß-fpsS Ipe-sØm-gn-emb hym]m-c-Øn¬ hym]r-X-cm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.A\p-Zn\w A`n-hr-≤n-s∏´v h∂ Ah-cpsS I®-h-S-an-Sp°v ]¥-em-bn\nsIm√sØ Hcp cmPym-¥c hmWn-Py-tI-µ-ambn hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-Øp.

cmhmcn \mb-∑m-cpsS ]tØ-am-cn-Iƒ amX-a-√, Ad-_n-I-fp-sSbpw n\n-jy-°m-cp-sSbpw ssN\-°m-cp-sSbpw ]d-¶n-I-fp-sSbpw ]c-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

16

¥o-kp-Im-cp-sSbpw Cw•o-jp-Im-cp-sSbpw ]mbv°-∏-ep-Iƒ ]¥-em-bn-\n-bpsS ]im-¥-X-bn¬ \¶q-c-an-´n-´p-≠v. h∂-h-sc-sb√mw hc-th¬°m\pw Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amb BXn-Yy-a-cym-Z-Iƒ sIm≠v AhscA¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm\pw Chn-SsØ ]gb Ime P\-X°v F¥n-jvS-am-bn-cp-s∂-t∂m. "B´p-∂nSw sN∂m¬ FÆbpw sImøp-∂nSw sN∂m¬s\√pw s\øp-t∂Sw sN∂m¬ ap≠pw' \¬In ho´p-Im¿ hntZ-in-IsfkzoI-cn-®p.

F.-Un. H∂mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Xs∂ PqX-∑m-cpsS IpSn-tb‰ tIµ-ßƒ ]¥-em-b-\n-bn¬ D≠m-b-Xmbn Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Ham-\n¬\n∂p≈ I®-h-S-°m-cmWv ChnsS BZyw Imep-Ip-Ønb Ad-_n-Iƒ.Z£n-tW-¥y-bn¬ FØn-t®¿∂ ]g-b-Ime temI-k-©m-cn-I-sf√mw

-¥^" ƒI-n_-dA .v≠-p-n®-hs-p™-d] YI mctmH n‰] bsn\-nb-me-¥]dm-bn\' F∂pw ]d-¶n-Iƒ "]¥m-cWn' sb∂pw ]¥-em-bn-\nsb hnf-®p. ssN\-°m¿°v AXv "^‚-sse\' Bbn-cp-∂p. Fgp-\qdv sIm√wapºv ]¥-em-bn\n IS-∏p-dsØ No\-∏≈n \n¿Ωn-®Xv ssN\-°m-cmbapkvenw I®-h-S-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. F.-Un. H∂mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn® πn\n,Atd-_y-bnse knbm-Kqkv ap\-ºn¬ \n∂v I∏-tem-Sn®v ]¥-em-bn-\n-bn¬ FØn-bn-cp-∂p-h-tX. ]kn≤ NcnX k©m-cn-I-fmb kpsse-am≥ (F.-Un. 851), A¬_-dqWn (F.-Un. 1051), A¬ CZn-cnkn (F.-Un.1153), s_¬Pq-an≥ (F.-Un. 1165), am¿t°m t]mtfm (F.-Un. 1293),amlzm≥ (F.-Un. 1408), A_vZp-d-kmJv (F.-Un. 1442), djo-Zp-±o≥ (F.-Un. 1300), C_v\p _ØqØ (F.-Un. 1342), HtUm-dnIv t^m¿Un-\≥

¬˛4591 .p∂pc-nbB n\nb-me-¥] ¬nf-I-p∏-ndpI wm√bs-Ss-pc-h-b-me-XpaIp™m-en aq∂m-a≥ ]d-¶n-∏-Ssb ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXpw ]¥-em-bn-\n-bpsS aW¬Øn-´-I-fn¬ h®m-bn-cp-∂p.

F.-Un. 962˛1021 Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Pohn® tNc-N-I-h¿Øn`mkvI-c-c-hn-bpsS t]cv ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ Hcp inem-en-JnXw ]¥-em-bn\n Ppam-a-kvPn-Zn¬ \n∂v ]pcm-hkvXp Kth-j-I-∑m¿ Ipgn-s®-Sp-Øn-´p-≠v.

hnZqc cmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ I∏-ep-Iƒ°v ]¥-em-bn\n Xpd-ap-J-tØmSv ]Yyw tXm∂m≥ as‰mcp ImcWw eh-teiw A]ISkm[y-X-bn-√msX Xß-fpsS bm\-]m-X-ßƒ°v \¶q-c-an-Sm≥ AhnsS

-cpk ƒm°-\t-nS-m°t-ngmIt .vW-mX-≈D ƒß-yc-Iuk bma-Ø-Z-nX-rI]£n-X-ambn I∏-e-Sp-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ Xpd-apJw ]¥-em-bn\n Bbn-cp-∂p-h-sX. I∏-tem-´-°m¿°v tImgn-t°m-Sns\ ]‰n Hcp ]cmXn ]d-bm-\p-≠v. I∏-ep-Isf IjvS-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Hcp hn√≥ tImgn-t°mt´ IS-



17

en-ep-≠v. AXv A]-I-S-Im-cn-I-fmb ]md-°q-´-ß-fm-W-v. Cu ]md-°q-´-ß-fpsS km∂n≤yw I∏-ep-Iƒ°v \¶q-c-ap-d-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v _p≤n-ap-´p-

-metnI v≠c v∂n\ ¬nb-cI v°ƒI-pe-∏I bneh ¬m\-nXA .p∂-p°-m≠ao-‰¿ ZqcØv amXta \¶q-c-an-Sm≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂p-≈q. ]¥-em-bn-\n-bn-ep-ap≠v ]md-°q-´-ßƒ. ]s£ Ah A]-I-S-Im-cn-I-f-√. amX-a√ AhXpd-ap-J-Øn\v A\p-K-l-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. AhnsS ISen¬ CS-°nsSsNfnbpw aÆpw Iqºm-c-ambn cq]w sIm≈p∂ aW¬Xn-´-Iƒ Hcpπm‰vt^mw t]mse I∏-ep-Iƒ°v Ic-]-‰m≥ klm-b-I-c-am-hp-∂p. Ic-bnse ivaim-\-`q-an-bmb "aønØvIp∂v' IS-en¬ hfsc ZqcØv \n∂vhy‡-ambn Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv sIm≠v ]¥-em-bn-\nsb Ffp-∏-Øn¬ Is≠-Øm\pw kpc-£n-X-ambn Ic-b-W-bm\pw Hcp ]bm-k-hp-ap-≠m-Im-dn-√. AXv sIm≠mWv hkvtImU Kma-bpsS I∏-ep-IƒtImgn-t°mSv Xoc-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ kmaq-Xncn Xs‚ DtZym-K-ÿ-∑mscAb®v B I∏-ep-Iƒ ]¥-em-bn-\n-°-b-°m\pw AhnsS Ic-°n-dßntdmUv am¿§w tImgn-t°m-t´°v hcm\pw I¬∏n-®-Xv. 1498 sabv 20 \mWvKma tImgn-t°m-s -Øn-b-Xv. tImgn-t°mSv IS-en¬ Ccp∂p sIm≠v Kmakmaq-Xn-cnsb Xs‚ BK-a-t\m-t±iyw Adn-bn-®p. kmaq-Xncn At∏mƒs]m∂m-\n-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. "kmaq-Xncn' h¿Ø-am\w Adn-™-p. ag-°m-e-Øn\v apºv I∏¬ ]¥-em-bn\n sIm√Øv B°Ww F∂pw tImgn-t°m´v h∂m¬ ImWmw F∂pw DØcw Ab-®p. A]-Imcw Xs∂Kma I∏n-Øm≥ A\p-k-cn-®p ]¥-em-bn\n apJØv \¶qcw CSp-IbpwsNbvXp.'1

F√m ImeØpw I∏-ep-Iƒ°v ASp-°m≥ ]‰nb Xpd-ap-J-ambXv sIm≠mWv Kma-bpsS I∏-ep-Isf ]¥-em-bn-\n-bn-te-°Sp-∏n-°p-hm≥ kmaq-Xncn I¬∏n-®-Xv. Cu A\p-Iqe kml-N-cy-Øn¬ ]¥-em-bn\n sIm√w I∏-ep-I-fpsS Bhmk tIµ-am-b-Xn¬ A¤p-X-an-√-t√m. \qdp-°-W-°n\v sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ tPmen sNøp∂ I∏¬ ime-Iƒ Cu IS¬ XocØv I≠-Xmbn temI k©m-cn-Iƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. F.-Un. 1342˛¬ ]¥-em-bn-\n-bn-se-Ønb ]kn≤ samtdm-°≥NcnX k©m-cn-bmb C_v\p _ØqØ "[mcmfw tXm´-ßfpw Aßm-Sn-I-fp-ap≈ Hcp henb ]´-W-amWv ]¥-em-bn\n'2 F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®n-

yPnWmh pcH n\nb-me-¥] °s¬Xpa wemI-Lwk .wmWmI nbmX-≈-p´tIµ-am-bn-cp∂p F∂v hnizkn-°m≥ Ct∏mƒ B[n-Im-cn-I-ambn sXfn-hp-Iƒ e`y-am-Wv. sIm√w Ppap-AØv ]≈n-bn¬ \n∂v DZvJ-\\wsNbvX inem-en-Jn-X-ß-fnse kqN-\-I-f-\p-k-cn®v "aWn-Kmaw' "hf-©n-b¿' F∂o hWn°v Kq∏p-I-fmWv I®-h-S-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ Npa-X-e-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

18

Ifpw hln-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Ch¿°v Xpd-ap-JØv Nne ]tXyI A[n-Im-c-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv "A©p-hÆw' F∂ as‰mcp I®-h-S-kw-Lhpw cwK-sØ-Øn. hf-©n-b¿ kwLßƒ hntZi hym]m-c-Øn¬amXta G¿s∏- p-≈q. "F.Un 851˛¬ tIcfw kµ¿in-®-Xmbn ]d-bp∂kpsse-am≥ F∂ t]¿jy≥ k©mcn No\-°-∏-ep-Iƒ sIm√Øv ASp-°p-∂-Xns\ ]‰n tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. aWn-Km-a-°m¿, A©p-h-Æ-°m-¿, hf-©n-b¿, ]´W kzman-Iƒ, \m\m-tZ-in-Iƒ F∂n-ßs\ ]eI®-hS kwL-ß-sfbpw ]‰n sIm√w BZn-i-X-I-ß-fnse imk-\-I-fn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em°mw. CXn¬ BZysØ aq∂v kwL-ßfpw tIc-fo-b-cp-tS-Xm-sW∂v tXm∂p-∂p. aWn-Km-a-°m¿, cXv\ hym]m-cn-I-fm-sW∂pw AX√ hWnIv Kma-amWv aWn-Km-a-sa∂pw ]d-bm-dp-≠v. hf-©n-b¿ I∏¬ I®-h-S-°m-cm-Wv'.3

Cu I®-hS kwL-ßƒ C¥y-bpsS \m\m-`m-K-ß-fn-te°pwNc-°p-Iƒ Ib‰n Ab-°p-Ibpw Cd-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. HºXmw iX-I-Øn¬ Xs∂ ]q¿∆ `mcX Zzo]v kaq-l-ß-fp-ambn aWn-Km-a-°m¿hmWnPy _‘w ÿm]n-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂v "X°q]' bnse Xangv imk\wsXfn-bn-°p-∂p. hf-©n-b¿ kwLw Xangv \mńepw km[m-c-W-am-bn-cp∂p. tIc-f-Øn\pw Xan-gv\m-ń\pw s]mXp-hm-bn-cp∂p Cu kwL-ß-sf√mw F∂v ]d-bp-∂-XmWv icn. Cu I®-hS kwL-ß-fn¬ \n∂vIn´p∂ Np¶w \nIp-Xn-I-fm-bn-cp∂p cmP- -fim-c-Ønse G‰hpw henbapX¬Iq-´v.

F.-Un. 1153˛¬ ]¥-em-bn\n kµ¿in® Atd-_y≥ k©m-cn-bmb A¬ CZn-cn-kn-bmWv ]¥-em-bn\nsb ]‰n hy‡hpw hni-Z-hp-amb hnh-c-ßƒ \¬Ip∂ BZysØ Ncn-X-Im-c≥.

amenIv Zn\mdns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Ckvem-anI ]Nm-c-Wm¿∞wC¥y-bn¬ FØnb anj-Wdn kwLw ]¥-em-bn-\nbnepw h∂n-cp-∂p.amenIv Zn\m¿ sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ Xma-kn-®p sIm≠v Xs‚ ktlm-Zc]pX-\mb amenIv _n≥ l_o-_ns\ ae_m-dn-te-°-b-®p. amenIv _n≥l_o_pw amenIv Zn\mdpw tN¿∂mWv lnPvdm_vZw 21˛¬ sImSp-ß-√q-cn-¬ C¥y-bnse H∂m-asØ apkvenw ]≈n ]Wn-I-gn-∏n-®-Xv. sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ \n∂v IS¬Xocw hgn Im¬\-S-bmbn k©-cn®v ]¥-em-bn-\n-bn-se-Ønb amenIv _n≥ l_o_pw kwLhpw ]md-∏-≈n-°p-∂n-t∑¬ Xºv sIń Xmakw XpS-ßn.

B ImeØv Hcp Znhkw ]¥-em-bn-\n-bnse \m´p-cm-Pm-hns‚aIsf ]mºv ISn®p. hnZ-Kv[-cmb hnj-lm-cn-Iƒ cm∏-I¬ ]Tn® hnZyapgp-h\pw ]tbm-Kn®p t\m°n. hnj-an-d-ßn-bn-√. At∏mƒ Btcm



19

]d™p tI´-X-\p-k-cn®v Xºp-cm≥ amenIv _n≥ l_o-_ns\ kao-]n-°p-Ibpw At\z-jn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. amenIv _n≥ l_o_v X\n°vAdn-bm-hp∂ acp∂p-Ifpw a¥-ßfpw ]tbm-Kn-®-t∏mƒ cmP-Ip-am-cn-bpsS hnjw Cd-ßp-Ibpw Ahƒ kpJw ]m]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.kw]o-X-\mb \mSp-hmgn kt¥mj kqN-I-ambn Fs¥-¶nepw ]mcn-tXm-jnIw kzoI-cn-°-W-sa∂v amenIv _n≥ l_o_nt\mSv At]-£n-®p. At∏mƒ "Ipgn-®n-cn-∏n\pw IpSn-bn-cn-∏n\pw CØncn ÿew' Xc-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p Ad_n apJys‚ Bh-iyw. cmPm-hn\v AXv \¬Im≥kt¥m-j-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. (Ip-gn-®n-cn-∏n\v F∂m¬ acn-®m¬ Ipgn-®n-Sm≥F∂¿∞w). "IÆpw-_mtSm thtWm Gdpw-_mtSm thtWm?' F∂v\mSp-hmgn tNmZn-®p. IsÆ-Øm-hp∂ Zqc-Øn-ep≈ ÿe-amWv IÆpw-_m-tSm. Gdpw-_mtSm Hcp Is√-dn-™m¬ ]c-am-h[n sN∂p hogp-∂Xÿew. Ah¿ Gdpw-_mtSm aXn-sb∂v ]d-™p. Aß-s\-bmWv ]md-∏-≈n-°p∂pw ]cn-kc ]tZ-i-ßfpw apkvenw-I-fpsS ssIhiw h∂-Xv. AhnsS Icn-¶√v Xpc∂v Ah¿ \qdp IW-°n\v J_-dp-Iƒ Ipgn®vh®p. ]¥-em-bn-\n-°m-cpsS aøn-Øp-Iƒ B J_-dp-I-fn¬ Ct∏mgpwkwc-£n®p hcp-∂p. 1343 P\p-hcn H∂mw XnøXn ]¥-em-bn-\n-bn-se-Ønb temI k©mcn C_v\p _ØqØ \m¬]Xv Znhkw ]md-∏-≈n-bn¬ Xma-kn-®p-h-tX. Ham≥Im-cmb Jmknbpw apIn-bp-amWv A∂p]≈n-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-sX∂v _ØqØ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. _Z¿ bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-SpØ Xao-ap¬ A≥kmcn F∂ klm-_n-bpsS J_¿Cu ]≈n ivaim-\-Øn¬ Ds≠∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ImeØv Xs∂ (lnPvd F´mw h¿jw) Xao-ap¬ A≥kmcn ]¥-em-bn-\n-bn¬ FØn-sb-∂mWv Nne-cpsS hnizm-kw. CXn\v ]pdsa \_n-bpsS klm-_m°-fmb thsd Nne-cpsS J_-dp-Ifpw Cu ]≈n-∏-d-ºn¬ D≠-tX.

]md-∏-≈n-bpsS ap‰-Øp≈ ]md-°-√n¬ henb Hcp ]mZ-apZImWmw. AXv BZw \_n-bpsS Ime-Sn-∏m-Sm-sW∂v ]g-a-°m¿ ]d-bp-∂p.

apkvenw-I-fpsS hnizm-k-]-Imcw BZw l∆m Zº-Xn-Iƒ kz¿K-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. ]nim-Nns‚ ]tem- -\-ßƒ°v hiw-h-Z-cmbn Ah¿hne-°-s∏´ ]gw £n-°p-Ibpw ssZh-tIm]w £Wn-®p-h-cp-Øp-IbpwsNbvXp. kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v _ln-jvIr-X-\mb BZw \_n Cd-ßn-bXv kntem-Wn¬-˛-sX-fnhv Ahn-sS-bp≈ BZw ae. l∆ apØ»n Cd-ßn-bXv Pn±-bn¬-˛-kuZn Atd-_y-bnse Pn± \K-cw-˛-Pn± F∂ Ad_nhm°n\v apØ»n F∂m-W¿∞w. BZapw l∆mbpw `qan-bn¬ sh®v


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

20

ho≠pw I≠p-ap-´nb ÿe-amWv Ad-^m. l÷v thf-bn¬ apkvenw-Iƒ ktΩ-fn-°p∂ Ad^m ssaXm\w Xs∂. ioe-¶-bn¬ Cd-ßnbBZw \_n AhnsS \n∂v Im¬\-S-bmbn bmX sNbvXv ]¥-em-bn-\n-bn¬ FØn ]md-∏-≈n-bn¬ ]mZ-kv]¿iw \SØn F∂mWvXt±ihmkn-Iƒ Xd-∏n®p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Cu IYbn¬ hnizm-ky-X-bpsSt\cnb Hcw-i-sa-¶n-ep-ap-s≠-¶n¬, Ncn-X-Øns‚ NI-hmf koa-Iƒ°-∏p-dØv a\p-jym-cw`w apX¬ Bcw-`n-°p∂ Hcp ]ucm-WnI \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS ]mc-º-cy-amWv ]¥-em-bn-\n-°m¿ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

"tImgn-t°ms´ apkvenw-I-fpsS Ncn-X-Øn¬' tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXvt]mse ]gb ImesØ hym]mc tIµhpw Xpd-ap-J-hp-am-bn-cp∂p ¥-do\ F∂ ]¥-em-bn-\n. ]›na XocsØ Nmenbw hyh-kmb \K-cn-bmbn Adn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ ]¥-em-bn\n hym]mc \K-cn-bmbn JymXntXSn.

]Xn-\mdmw \q‰m-≠n¬ t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im-cpsS BI-a-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv ]¥-em-bn-\n-bpsS ]X\w Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. ]d-¶n-Iƒapkvenw-I-fp-ambn iXp-X-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Ipcnipw Ipcp-ap-fIpw tXSntIc-f-Øn¬ h∂ hmkvtImZ Kma-bpsS kmamPy kz]v\-ßsf hn^-e-am-°n-bXv tIcf XocsØ apkvenw-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. ]¥-em-bn\nam∏n-f-am¿ AXn-semcp ][m\ ]¶p hln-®p. t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im-cpsSt]Sn kz]v\-am-bn-cp∂ Ip™m-en-a-c-°m¿ BZyw Xma-kn-®n-cp-∂Xv ]¥-em-bn-\n-bn-em-Wv. Ahn-th-In-bmb Hcp kmaq-Xn-cn-bpsS \b-ssh-I-ey-amWv Ip™men \mem-as\ ]d-¶n-I-fpsS Iøn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv.At±lw ss]im-Nn-I-amb coXn-bn¬ tKmh-bn¬ sh®v h[n-°-s∏-´p.AtXmsS t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im¿ i‡n-bm¿÷n-°p-Ibpw kmaq-Xn-cn-bpsSkmam-Py-Øns‚ ASn-Ø-d-bn-f-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬]¥-em-bn-\n-bnse Xpd-apJw \in-∏n-°m\pw am∏n-f-am-cpsS B[n-]XywAh-km-kn-∏n-°m\pw t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im¿ \nc-¥-c-ambn ]¥-em-bn-\nsbBI-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. "aøØv Ip∂n¬' ssk\nI Xmhfw krjvSn-®p-sIm≠v am∏n-f-am¿ Cu BI-a-W-ßsf sNdp-Øp. ]s£ Ah-cpsS]Xn-tcm[ tijn Ipd™p hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kmaq-Xn-cnbpw £oWn-®p-t]m-bn. 1504˛¬ tkmd-kns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ ]d-¶n-∏S \S-ØnbBI-a-W-Øn¬ am∏n-f-amsc ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xmbn "tIc-f-∏-ga' bn¬Kp≠¿´v ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. 1525 am¿®v c≠mw XnøXn sas\-kkv F∂as‰mcp t]m¿®p-Kokv sshtkmbn ]¥-em-bn-\nsb sIm≈-b-Sn-®p.At\Iw am∏n-f-amsc h[n-®p. am∏n-f-am-cpsS hen-sbmcp shSn-a-cp∂vimebpw Bbp-[-ti-J-chpw XI¿Øp. 250 tXm°p-Ifpw am-∏n-f-am-cn¬



21

\n∂v Ah¿ ]nSn-s®-Sp-Øp. 40 I∏-ep-I-fn-te°v Ib‰nbb-°m≥ kq£n-®n-cp∂ kpK-‘-Z-hy-ßfpw hne-]n-Sn® Nc-°p-Ifpw Ah¿ Ih¿s∂-Sp-Øv sIm≠p-t]m-bn. sl¿a≥ Kp≠¿ńs‚ hm°p-I-fn¬ "........ A\-¥cw tImgn-t°m-ńs‚ FXntc h∂p Nne \mi-ßƒ sNbvX tijw]¥-em-bn\nsbbpw sIm√-tØbpw `kva-am-°-W-sa∂pw \n›-bn-®p.AXv s]m∂m-\n-tbmSp kmaq-Xn-cn-bpsS apJy Xpd-ap-Jhpw A°m-eØva°°®-h-S-Øn\v aqe ÿm\hpw Xs∂ DucpsS c£°v ISpw-Xq-°-ap≈ Ip∂n≥ apI-fn¬ aq∂v sImØ-fhpw hfsc tXm°pw D≠v. kap-Z-Øn¬ \n∂v ]pg-tbmfw Hcp tXmSv Ipgn®v AXn¬ Nc-°n-Sp∂ ]S-Ip-Iƒ kptJ\ AW™pw Ccn-°p-∂p. \mb-∑mcpw tNm\-Icpw 20000BtfmSw XSp-∏m≥ h´w Iq´p∂p F∂p Cßns\ H‰p-Im¿ Adnbn®p.AXns‚ Xq°n¬ FØn-b-t∏mƒ AkvX-an-°m-dm-bn. A∂v c≠v]pdhpw cmXnbpw Dd°w D≠m-bn-√. hmZytLmj-ßfpw B¿∏pw Ifn-hm°pw AX-bp-≈q. cmhnse ap∂-Wn-bmb ]S XpS-ßn-bm-td, ]d-¶n-Iƒ thKw Ic-°n-dßn adp-X-e-tbmSv G¬°p-tºmƒ Ipd-°m-´-Sn-Iƒbp≤-Øn¬ tNcmsX Ih¿®°v X°w ]m¿Øp. ssIØmfw ]qń-s°m≠v Xs‚ ]S-bn¬ Ccn-°p-∂Xv "]nskm-dbn' "B aSn-bs\ emt°-°Ww' F∂v tXm°p-Im-c-t\mSv I¬∏n-®p. Ah≥ shSn-sh-®-Xn-\m¬BSn-I-fpsS Im¬ ]dn™p ]mdn-t∏m-bn. tijw ]d-¶n-Ifpw sIm®n-°mcpw \√ Pbw sIm≠p. 250 henb tXm°pw D≠-a-cp-∂p-ambn ssI°-em°n Nc-°n´ ]SIpw Ducpw Aßm-Snbpw `kvao-I-cn-®p. \m¬]Xv]SIpw Iqń-s°m≠v t]mIbpw sNbvXp. (tI-c-f-∏-g-a-˛-tUm. sl¿a≥Kp≠¿´v)

1550˛¬ ho≠pw t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im¿ ac-W-Zq-Xp-ambn hcn-Ibpw]¥-em-bn-\n-s°-Xnsc ]S-\-bn®v Hcn-°¬ IqSn \Kcw Xo sh®v \in-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]´-W-Ønse BsI P\-kwJybpsS aq∂n¬c≠v `mK-sØbpw t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im¿ sIm∂p-I-f-™-Xmbn ]ikvXNcn-X-Im-c-\mb tUm. Fw.-B¿. cmL-h-hm-cy¿ ]d-bp-∂p.

]n¬°m-eØv XpSsc XpSsc D≠mb bp≤-ßfpw ^©v-˛-U-®v-˛-_n-ójv BI-a-W-ßfpw ]¥-em-bn-\n-bpsS ]X-\-Øn\v B°wIqń. ]mbv°-∏-ep-Iƒ°v ]Icw Bhn-°-∏-ep-I-fpsS BK-a-\hpwkapZm-¥c hmWnPy cwKØv h∂ ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw ]gb Xpd-ap-J-ßsf A]-k-‡-am-°n. sdbn¬th-bpsS Bhn¿`m-hhpw tdmUv KXm-K-X-Øns‚ hf¿®bpw kap-Z-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ hym]m-csØ Xf¿Øn.ae-_m-dnse sNdp-InS Xpd-ap-J-ßƒs°√mw CXns‚ sISp-Xn-Iƒ A\p--hn-t°≠n h∂n- p-≠v. A°q- -Øn¬ ]¥-em-bn-\nbpw AXns‚ \jvS-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

22

]-Xm-]-Øns‚ Hm¿Ω-Iƒ Xmtem-en®p sIm≠v Ncn-X-Øn¬ \n»-_vZX ]men-®p.

hmWn-Pyhpw kºØpw AkvX-an-®p-sh-¶nepw hntZ-in-Iƒs°Xn-cmb t]mcm-´-ß-fnepw kzmX¥y kac ]ÿm-\-ß-fnepw]¥-em-bn\n ]tZiw \nkm-c-a-√mØ ]¶p hln-®n-´p-≠v. _n´ojvhncp≤ t]mcm- -ß-fn¬ Iog-cn-bq¿ t_mw_v tIkv, cPn-kvSm-∏okv IØn-°¬ XpS-ßnb At\Iw hnπh kwcw-`-ßƒ ]¥-em-bn-\n-bpsSXymtKm-÷z-e-amb kw`m-h-\-I-fm-Wv. tZiob ]i-kvX-cmb Ht´sdal-Zvhy-‡n-Iƒ°v Cu Ncn-X-`qan P∑w \¬In. kzmX¥y ka-c-Øns‚ Xobp-Xn-cp∂ \mfp-I-fn¬ alm-flm-Km-‘n°v Cu \Kcw hotcm-Nn-Xamb hc-th¬∏v \¬In. tIcf Km‘n-bmbn ]pIƒs]‰ tIf-∏-Pn, kzmX¥y ka-c- t]mcm-fnbpw sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. A≤y-£\pw Bbkn.-sI. tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿, apkvenw eoKns‚ A\n-tj[y t\Xm-hmbkn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb, ]K-¤-\mb kp]ow tImSXn PUvPn hn.-B¿ IrjvW-ø¿...... Ch-sc√mw Cu A£-b-J-\n-bn¬ \n∂v hnf-sh-SpØ A\¿L cXv\-ß-fm-Wv. B hoc-]-c-º-c-bn¬ ]Imiw ]c-Øp∂\£-X-amWv kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^JnXßƒ.

1. tIc-f-∏-ga ˛ tUm. sl¿a≥ Kp≠¿´v.

2. tIcfw Adp-\qdv sIm√w apºv ˛ hnh: them-bp-[≥ ]Wn-°-t»cn

3. tIcf Ncn-X-Ønse Ccp-f-S™ GSp-Iƒ ˛ Cfw-IpfwIp™≥ ]n≈



23

2ASn-th-cp-Iƒ Atd-_y-bn¬

tIc-f-Øns‚ kmaq-lnI cmjvSob LS\ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ A\¬]-amb ]¶p-h-ln-®-h-cmWv Xß-∑m¿. lk¿auØv ]mc-ºcyw F∂mWv Chsc ]‰n ]d-bm-dp-≈-Xv. sNº-I-t»cn XßfpwsImt≠m´n Xßfpw ]mW-°mSv Xß-∑mcpw _m^Jn Xßfpw Dƒs∏-SmØ Hcp tIcf Ncn-X-an-√. Xß-∑m-cpsS tIc-f-Ønse BK-a-\-sØ-∏‰n B[p-\nI Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m-cn¬ ][m-\n-bmb tUm.-Fw. KwKm-[-c≥Nne kp]-[m-\-amb ]T-\-ßƒ \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. kønZv A_vZp√ ap\-^¿, 2002˛¬ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Ønb "Alvep-ss_Øv' F∂ eLp-KŸw]hm-NI ]c-º-c-bpsS hwim-h-ensb ]‰n Nne hne-s∏´ hnh-c-ßƒ\¬Ip-∂p-≠v.

]hm-N-I-\mb apl-ΩZv \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hwi ]c-º-c-bn¬ s]´-h-sc-bmWv "Alvep-ss_Øv'' F∂v hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. Alvep-ss_Øv'F∂ Ad_n hm°n\v ho´p-Im¿ F∂ A¿∞-ta-bp-≈q.kønZv IpSpw-_-ßƒ F∂mWv Ah¿ s]mXpsh Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.tIc-f-Øn¬ BZ-c-kq-N-I-ambn Ahsc Xß-∑m¿ F∂pw hnfn-°p-∂p.F∂m¬ F√m Xß-∑mcpw køn-Z-∑m¿ BI-W-sa-∂n-√. lnµp kap-Zm-b-Ønepw Xß-∑m-cp-≠v. Ah¿°v kap-Zm-b-L-S-\-bpsS D∂X tiWn-bn-emWv ÿm\w. Alvep-ss_ØpImsc Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\v th≠nAh-cpsS t]cn\v apºn¬ Hcp _ncpZw t]mse kønZv F∂v tN¿°p-∂p.

tIc-f-Øn¬ BZy-ambn Ckvemw aX ]Nm-c-W-Øn-s\-Øn-bXv amenIv Zn\mdpw kwL-hp-am-Wv. Ch¿ ba-\nse lk¿auØv\K-c-Øn¬ \n∂v aX-]-cn-io-e\w t\Sn-b-h-cm-Wv. ]n¬°m-eØv ae-_m¿ XocØv I®-h-S-Øn\pw aX-]-t_m-[-\-Øn-\p-ambpw h∂ Xß-∑m-sc√mw ba-\n¬ \n∂p-≈-h-cm-sW-∂Xv it≤-b-am-Wv. Ah¿ Xß-fpsS P∑-\m-´n-te°v Xncn®p t]mImsX "tIS-s‰m-cu-Zmcy ioe-Øn-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

24

s\-s∂∂pw tIfn-tI´' tIc-f-Øns‚ BXn-Yyhpw BZ-c-hp-I-fpwkzoI-cn®p sIm≠v ChnsS Xs∂ ÿnc-hm-k-ap-d-∏n-®p.

Alvep-ss_Øv AwK-ßƒ A[n-I-cn®p h∂-tXmsS Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ At\Iw Xmh-gn-I-fp-ap-≠m-bn. J_o-e-Iƒ F∂mWv Ah¿ CuXmh-gn-Isf hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. Hmtcm J_o-ebpw B hwi-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-\mb BfpsS t]cn¬ Xncn-®-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

lnPvd \memw \q‰m-≠n¬ lnPm-knse `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS]oU\w kln-°m-\m-ImsX (lnPvd 313˛¬) Al-ΩZv _n≥ CukmA¬ap-lm-Pncn F∂ Hcp Alvep-ss_Øv apJy≥ GXm\pw A\p-N-c-∑m-tcmSv IqSn _mKvZm-Zn-se-Øn. Hcp henb [\n-I-\m-bn-cp∂p At±lw._mKvZmZv \Kcw ]pXp°n ]Wn-bm≥ At±lw ]b-Xv\n-®p. iaw hnP-bn-°p-∂n-s√∂v I≠v \ncm-i-\mb At±lw lk¿auØnte°v ]pd-s∏-´p. AhnsS At±lw kzmKXw sNø-s∏-´p. At±-l-Øns‚ ]pX≥A_vZp-≈bpw AhnsS kzm[o\ i‡n-bp≈ Hcm-fm-bn-Øo¿∂p.]kvXpX A_vZp-≈sb A_vZp≈m Ae-hn-sb∂pw hnfn-°m-dp-≠v.At±-l-Øns‚ IpSpw_ ]c-º-csb Ae-hn-bpsS a°ƒ "_mA-ehn'Iƒ F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. Alvep-ss_Ønse G‰hpw henb J_o-e-bmWv _mAe-hn-Iƒ. l±mZv F∂Xv as‰mcp J_o-e-bpsS t]cm-Wv. sIm√-∏-Wn-°m-c-\mb A_vZp-√mlv _n≥ Aehn l±mZv F∂alm ]fin-X-\mWv Cu J_o-e-bpsS ÿm]-I≥. kp∂n apkvenw-Iƒ°v kp]-cn-Nn-X-amb l±mZv dmØo-_ns‚ cN-bn-Xmhv IqSn-bmWvCt±-lw. Ad-_n-bn¬ l±mZv F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w sIm√≥ (black

smith) F∂m-Wv. A‘-\mb Cu ]fin-X≥ \qdp IW-°n\v KŸ-ßƒ Fgp-Xn-bn- p-≠v. At±lw Hcp sIm√-°-S-bn¬ sN∂n-cn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw AXn-\m-emWv Ccpºp ]Wn-°m-c≥ F∂v Ct±-lsØhnfn-°m≥ Imc-W-am-b-sX∂pw Nne¿ A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. \m\q‰n ]Øvh¿j-ßƒ°v apºv lk¿au-Øn¬ Pohn® Da¿ _ml-k≥ BWv]kn-≤-amb _ml- ≥ ]c-º-c-bpsS D]-⁄m-Xm-hv. lk¿au-ØnseHcp Kpl-bn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw [ym\-\n-c-X-\m-Im-dp≈ Hcp ssiJv D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ hwi-amWv sFZoZv IpSpw-_w. sFZoZv F∂m¬Kpl F∂¿∞w. apl-ΩZv auem sFZo-Zns‚ ]pX≥ A_vZp≈ A¥-km-Jv, Ckvem-anI I¿Ω-im-kvX-Øn¬ AXn-\n-]p-W-\m-bn-cp-∂p. I¿Ω-im-kvX-Øn-\p≈ Ad_n hm°mWv ^nJvlv. ^nJvln¬ ]mho-Wy-ap-≈-Xn-\m¬ A_vZp≈ A¥-km-Jns\ ^Jolv (I¿Ω imkvX-⁄≥) F∂v _lp-am-\-]q¿∆w hnfn-°m≥ XpS-ßn. At±-l-Øns‚IpSpw-_sØ _m -Jolv ( -Jo-lns‚ a°ƒ) F∂pw Bfp-Iƒ hnfn-



25

®p. CXmWv _m^Jn IpSpw-_-Øns‚ D¤h IY. Ch¿ ba-\nseXcow ]´-W-Øn¬ Pohn-®-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.

Ccp-\qdv h¿j-ßƒ°v apºv Xco-an¬ \n∂v kønZv Al-ΩZv_m^Jn F∂ Hcp ]ap-J≥ ]mbvI-∏-en¬ bmX sNbvXv ]¥-em-bn-\n-bn¬ hcp∂p. ^nJvlv ]Tn-∏n-°-e√; hym]m-c-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ e£yw. sImbn-em-≠n-bnse as‰mcp ]apJ kønZv hwi-ambap\-^¿ IpSpw-_-Ønse Al-ΩZv ap\-^-dns‚ aIsf At±lwhnhmlw sNbvXp. Ah¿ sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ Xma-kn-®p. kmam-\y-ambn]d-™m¬ Xß-∑m¿ tIc-f-Øn¬ h∂Xv apJy-ambpw Ckvemw aX]t_m-[-\-Øn-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu s]mXp XXzsØ D√w-Ln-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p _m^Jn IpSpw_ Ncn-Xw. Ah-cpsS sXmgn¬ I®-h-S-am-bn-cp-∂p. I®-hS e£y-hp-ambn Ad_v \mSp-I-fn¬ \ns∂-Ønb FXtbmIpSpw-_-ßƒ Ct∏mgpw sImbn-em-≠n-bn-ep-≠v. s_m¿Kzo-_, _mØ,A^o-^v, _mk-°-dm≥, _mZp-h, _dm-an, F∂n-ßns\ 13 tKmX-ß-

sslZqkv, ajvlq¿, kJm-^v, _pJmcn F∂n-ßs\ \q‰-º-tXmfwAlvep-ss_Øv imJ-Iƒ hnhn[ cmPy-ßfn¬ hym]n®p InS-°p-∂p.Ah-cn¬ GXm\pw cmP-Ip-Spw-_-ß-fp-ap-≠v. DZm: tPm¿Zm≥, ate-jy.

sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ h∂ kønZv Al-ΩZv _m^Jn aX-Im-cy--mfB bnØ¿ep] wh`hss esm]t pcH wpenf-ß-yc-mI-S-h-®I wpenf-ß-p¥n] w§¿ma ‚snh-mXn] wnjml vZnøk ≥Ia ‚snØ-l-±tA .p∂-pc-nb

S¿∂p. CXn-\Iw tIc-f-Øn¬ _n´ojv `cWw thtcmSn°gn-™n-cp-∂p. Ad-_n-I-fpsS kzm[o\w I®--hS cwKØv AkvX-an-°m-dm-bn.CXns‚ kzm`m-hn-I-amb _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ _m^Jn ÿm]-\-ßƒ°pw_m[n-®n-cn-°-Ww. kønZv lmjn-ans‚ acW tijw At±-l-Øns‚aI≥ kønZv apl-ΩZv _m^-Jn-IpSpw-_-¯nâ \m-Y-\m-bn. A-t±-l-¯n-sâa-I³ k-¿n-Zv A-ÐpÂ-Jm-ZÀ _m^JnbpsS BZy hnhmlw sImbn-em-≠n-

√pZv_A ¬nØ-‘_ B .p∂-pc-nb-m∂n\ ¬n-mh-dX vØI-b-neh esnbF∂ aI-\p-≠m-bn. ]n∂oSv At±lw ]pXnb amfn-b-°¬ ^mØna_ohnsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. Cu _‘-Øn-ep-≠mb aI-\mWv kønZvA_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^Jn Xß-ƒ. P\\w 1906 s^_p-hcn 21˛\v.ico^m dufm-ap-Øp_n F∂ aIfpw Cu _‘-Øn-ep-≠m-bn.A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^Jn aq∂m-a-sXmcp hnhmlw IqSn Ign-®p. dpJnb

C .vc]t Sspb-ycm Øsa-m∂qa vWm∂F vZnøk ƒ°a Sspc-ma-nX-ºZ u-m_ nheA ,nJ-m_ vZΩ-lpa ,nJ-m_ vZΩ-lA ,nJ-m_ wnjml

Jn, ico^ adnbw _n, ico^ ap√ _n F∂n-h-cm-Wv._m^Jn IpSpw-_-Øns‚ imJ-Iƒ Ct∏mgpw Nne hntZ-i-cm-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

26

Py-ß-fn-ep-≠v. tIc-f-Øn-se-Ønb _m^-Jn-Iƒ Cu \mSp-ambnAen™p tN¿∂v Imc-°-bp-sSbpw Cf-\o-cn-s‚bpw am[p-cy-ap≈kwkvImcßsf kwtbm-Pn-∏n®v ae-bm-f-°-csb Xß-fpsS amXr-`q-an-

bmbn kzoI-cn-®-h-cm-Wv.



27

3

I®-h-S-Øn¬ \n∂v

I£n-cm-jvSo-b-Øn-te°v

tXtPm-a-b-amb Hcp Ime-L- -Øns‚ _m°n-]-X-amWv _m -Jn-X-ßƒ. ]Ya Z¿i-\-am-X-bn¬ Xs∂ Bscbpw hnkva-b-`-cn-X-\m-°p∂ BIm-c-ku-jvT-hw. Hcp kZ- n-te°v _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ \S∂phcp-tºmƒ ]Xn-\mdmw \q‰m-≠nse GtXm apKƒ kp¬Øm≥ hcn-I-bmtWm F∂v tXm∂n-t∏m-Ipw. Hcn-°¬ _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ A∂sØapkvenw eoKv ]kn-U≠v apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln-_n-s\m∏w ]m¿e-sa‚ v \S-]-Sn-Iƒ ImWm≥ U¬ln-bn¬ t]mbn. Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_vA∂v ]m¿e-sa‚w-K-am-bn-cp-∂p. GsX-¶nepw Hcp Fw.-]n. aptJ\At]£ \¬In A\p-hm-Z-]Xw hmßn-bmte ]m¿e-sa‚n-te°v ]th-in-°m-\m-hq. Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_pw _m -Jn-X-ßfpw ]m¿e-sa‚ns‚apJy Ihm-S-Øn-se-Øn. AhnsS dnk-]vj≥ Iu≠-dn¬ sN∂v Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ°v th≠nbp≈ ]mkv icn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu hnhcw Kln-°msX Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v ap∂n-ep-s≠∂ [mc-W-bn¬ _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ ]m¿e-sa‚ v lmfn-te°v \S-∂p. ]mkv Iøn-en-√msX Xs∂ _m -Jn-X-ßƒ lmfn-\p-≈n-te°v IS-°m≥ ian-°p-∂p-sh∂v a\- n-em-°nb Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v A¬∏-ap-®-Øn¬ "Xßƒ kmln_v tÃm∏v, tÃm∏v' F∂v hnfn®p ]d-bp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ AXv tI´n-√. At±lw ]mkvImWn-°msX Xs∂ t\sc lmfn-te°v IS-∂p. ]Sn-hm-Xn¬°¬skIyq-cn-‰n-°m¿ Gsd-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ Bcpw At±-lsØ XS-™n-√. _m -Jn-X-ßfpsS BIm-c-Kmw- o-cy-amWv skIyq-cn-‰n-°m-cs‚i≤ sX‰n-®-Xv. GtXm \m´p-cm-PmhmWo hcp-∂-sX∂v Abmƒ [cn-®p ImWpw. Cu imco-cnI ]IrXn _m -Jn-X-ßfpsS hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚cq]-I¬∏-\-bn¬ KW-\o-b-amb tNcp-h-bmbn Xo¿∂n-´p-≠v. ]ikvX

28


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

28

KŸ-Im-c\pw amXr-`qan ]Xm-[n-]-cp-am-bn-cp∂ sI.-]n. tIi-h-ta-t\ms‚ _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ kvamcI KŸ-Øn-se-gp-Xnb A\p-kva-cWwBcw-`n-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bm-Wv.

""A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^-Jn-X-ßsf t\Xr-ÿm-\-tØ°vDb¿Øp-∂-Xn\v At±-l-Øns‚ BIm-chpw ]Ir-Xnbpw klm-b-IambnØo¿∂n-´p≠v F∂p-≈-Xn\v kwi-b-an-√. \o≠p XSn® tZlw,\√ \ndw, ]k∂ apJw, BI¿j-I-amb hkvX-[m-c-Ww, AtXmSvIqSn `wKn-bp≈ s]cp-am-‰hpw ]tbm-KnI _p≤nbpw, kt¥m-j-ap-f-hm-°p∂ kw`m-j-Whpw IqSn-t®-cp-tºmƒ t\Xr-ÿm-\-tØ°v Bh-iy-amb an° tbmKy-X-Ifpw At±-l-Øn¬ HØp tN¿∂-XmbnImWmw... hym]m-c-Øn-ep≈ IÆpw Ignhpw _m -Jn-X-ßƒ°v th≠p-thmfw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p F∂Xv hym]mc afi-e-Øn¬ At±lw t\SnbhnPbw sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. Hcp ]s£ B hnP-bhpw cmjvSob cwKØvAt±-l-Øn\v FØp-hm≥ Ign™ Hu∂-Xy-Øn\v ]n≥_-e-ambnXo¿∂n-cn-°mw.' (km-ap-Zm-bnI kulm¿±-Øns‚ DØa amXr-I-˛-sI.-]n. tIi-h-ta-t\m≥ _m -Jn-X-ßƒ kvamcI KŸw 1973 NµnI ]kn-≤o-I-c-Ww) \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ ]g-°-ap≈ Hcp hym]mcn IpSpw-_-ØnseAwK-sa∂ \ne°v kXy-\n-jvThpw k¿∆m-Z-c-Wo-b-hp-amb Hcp I®-hS kwkvImcw _m -Jn-X-ßfpsS s]mXp Pohn-X-Øn\v Hfn ]I¿∂n-cp-∂p-sh∂ hkvXpX AwKo-I-cn-°msX hø.

_m^-Jn-X-ßfpsS ]nXmhv kønZv A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^Jnhym]m-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Øn\v ]pdØpw hym]n-®-Xm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ hym]mc irwJ-e. hn -P-\-]q¿∆ apkvenw eoKns‚ t\XmhpwFw.-F¬.-Fbpw tImgn-t°ms´ ]uc-]-ap-J-\p-amb ]n.-]n. l ≥ tImbHcp A\p-kva-cW Ipdn-∏n¬ A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^-Jn-bpsS hym]mccoXn-sb-∏‰n Cßs\ hnh-cn-°p-∂p.

""kønZv A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^Jn Fs‚ amXm-hns‚ ]nXm-hm-bn-cp∂ kntem-Wnse ]n.-hn. Cºn®n lmPn-bpsS ASpØ Hcpkplr-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. kntem-Wn¬ sh®v ame-nZzo]v kp¬Øms\ Cºn-®n-lm-Pn, kønZv A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn. kp¬Øm≥ At±-lsØ amen-Zzo-]n-te°v £Wn-®p. kønZvA_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^-Jn ame-nZzo]v kµ¿in-®p.

At±-l-tØm-Sp≈ _lp-am-\m¿∞w amen-Zzo-]n¬ At±lw Cd-°p-aXn sNøp-∂Xpw Ib-‰p-aXn sNøp-∂-Xp-amb Nc-°p-Iƒ°v Np¶wNpa-Ø-cp-sX∂v kp¬Øm≥ DØ-c-hn-´p. Zzo]n-te°v Bh-iy-amb Nc-°p-Iƒ kntem¨, I¬°Ø apX-emb ÿe-ß-fn¬ \n∂v amen-Zzo-



29

]n-te°pw AhnsS \n∂v am v a’yw kntem-Wn-te°pw kønZvA_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^-Jn Cd-°p-aXnbpw Ib-‰p-a-Xnbpw sNbvXvsIm≠n-cp-∂p. Bhiyw t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ CXn-\m-h-iy-amb kmº-ØnIklmbw ]n.hn. Cºn®n lmPnbpw aZn-cm-in-bnse Pam¬ sambvXo\pwsNbvXv sIm≠n-cp-∂p. ame-nZzo-]n¬ \n∂v sIm≠p-h-cp∂ am v a’ywkntem-Wn¬ IqSp-X¬ hne ]d-bp-∂-h¿°v hn¬°p-Ibpw kmº-ØnIklmbw \¬I-nb-h¿°v XpI Xncn®p \¬Ip-Ibpw em`w Xm≥FSpØv kok¨ Ign-™m¬ \m´n-te°v Xncn®p t]mhp-Ibpw Bbn-cp∂p kønZv A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^-JnbpsS ]Xnhv.

kønZv A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^-Jnsb ]‰n tImgn-t°ms´ I®-h-S-°m¿°n-S-bn¬ tI´p hcp∂ Hcp IY-bp-≠v. At±-l-Øns‚ aqØ-a-I≥ kønZv A_vZp√m _m^-Jn°v tImgn-t°ms´ sIm] _km-dn¬Hcp I®-h-S-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B I®-hSw GtXm Imc-W-h-im¬ s]mfn-™p-t]m-bn. B hI-bn¬ ]e¿°pw ]Ww sImSp-°m≥ _m°n-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]Ww In´m-\p-≈-h¿ ]nXmhv kønZv A_vZp¬ JmZ¿_m^-Jnsb kao-]n-®p. aIs‚ I®-hSw hI-bn¬ Xcm-\p≈ kwJy-bn¬ Im¬`m-K-sa-¶nepw Xncn®p X∂m¬ _m°n ap°m¬ `mKhpwXßƒ kza-\- mse Dt]-£n-°m-sa∂v Ah¿ kønZv A_vZp¬ JmZ¿_m^-Jnsb Adn-bn-®p. ]s£ At±lw Ah-tcmSv ]d-™Xv "\nß-fmcpw Hcp ss]k-t]mepw Dt]-£n-t°-≠. aI≥ Xcm-\p≈ apgp-h≥kwJybpw Rm≥ X∂p Xo¿°mw' F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. kXy-k-‘-\mbB ]nXmhv ]d™ hm°p-]m-en-®p. ]Xn-\mev Znhkw sIm≠v apgp-h≥ kwJybpw Rm≥ X∂p Xo¿°mw' F∂m-bn-cp∂p. ]Xn-\mevZnhkw sIm≠v apgp-h≥ kwJybpw At±lw sImSpØp Xo¿Øp.AsXmcp ]pXnb A\p- -h-am-bn-cp-∂p. tImgn-t°m v I®-h-S-°m¿ s]mfn-bp-I-sb-∂Xv ]pXnb kw`-h-a-√. km[m-c-W-bmbn Hcp I®-h-S-°m-c≥s]mfn-™m¬ ]e-t∏mgpw Hcp ss]k t]mepw IS-°m¿°v Xncn®pIn´m-dn-√. Nne-t∏mƒ At\Iw a[yÿ kw`m-j-W-ßƒ°v tijwDdp-∏n-I°v ]Øv ss]k tXmXn¬ ]Ww Xncn®p In´n-sb-¶n¬ mKyw.CXmWv ]Xn-hv. CXn\v hn]-co-X-ambn aIs‚ I®Sw hI-bn¬ apgp-h≥ kwJybpw Xncn®p sImSpØ kønZv A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^-JnbpsS \S-]Sn h¿ØI kaq-l-Øn¬ hfsc Imew \ne-\n∂ Hcphm¿Ø-bm-bn. B kw`hw _m^Jn ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS btim-[m-hfywh¿≤n-∏n-®p.

ss]Xr-I-ambn kn≤n® kXvIo¿Ønbpw KpUvhn-√p-amWv I®-h-Sm-cw-`-Øn¬ kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^JnXßfpsS apJy-amb


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

30

aqe-[-\w. hfsc sNdp-∏-Øn¬ Xs∂ I®-h-S-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ B≠n-d-ßn-bn-cp∂ At±-l-Øn\v Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb hnZym-`ymkw t\Sm≥ t\c-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. HmØp-]-≈n-bn¬ \n∂p≈ kmº-Zm-bnI aX-hn-Zym-`ym-k-amWv At±-l-Øn\v kn≤n-®-Xv. ]ns∂ hoń¬ sh®v e`n® Syqj≥hgn Ad-_n-bnepw Ddp-Zp-hnepw kmam-\y-amb Adnhv t\Sm≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™p. Cw•ojv hnZym-`ymkw Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂-Xn\v Xs‚bmYm-ÿn-I-amb IpSpw_ ]›m-Øew A\p-Iq-e-hp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. _nó-jp-Im-tcm-Sp≈ ISpØ hntcm[w Xe°p Ib-dnb De-am-°ƒ Hcp\q‰m≠v apºv Xs∂ Cw•ojv hnZym-`ym-ksØ \ncp-’m-l-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. AXv ldm-am-sW∂v hsc hniz-kn-°-s∏-´p. bmYm-ÿnIapkvenw IpSpw-_-ß-fnse c£n-Xm-°-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS Ipń-Isf Cw•ojvhnZym-`ymkw sNøn-°p-∂Xv AXy-]q¿∆-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ kmXzn-I-\mb kønZv A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ _m^Jn Hcp kml-k-Øn\v apXn¿∂n-√. AXv sIm≠mWv sXm´-SpØv Xs∂ B[p-\nI hnZym-`ymk ÿm]-\-ßƒ D≠m-bn´pw _m^Jn Xßƒ°v Cw•ojv hnZym-`ymkw e`n-°msXt]mb-Xv.

aX-hn-Zym-`ymkw t\Sm-\mbn At±lw aq∂v h¿j-tØmfws]m∂m-\n-°-SpØ shfn-b-t¶mSv ]≈n Z¿kn¬ tN¿∂v ]T\w XpS¿∂p.Chn-sS-sh®v At±lw ]apJ tIm¨Kkv t\Xmhpw kzmX¥y kactk\m-\n-bp-amb C. sambvXp aue-hnsb I≠v apń-sb∂v ]kn≤]fin-X\pw KŸ-Im-c-\p-amb sI.-sI. apl-ΩZv A_vZp¬ Icow ]d-bp-∂p. sambvXp auehn AhnsS Hcp aZ-k-bnse A[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. _m^Jn Xß-fpsS Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb hnZym-`ymkw AhnsS Ah-km-\n-®p-sh∂p thWw Icp-Xm≥. ]¥-≠m-asØ hb v apX¬ _m -Jn-X-ßƒ hym]mc cwK-Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. "]¥≠v hb v apX¬ Xs‚]nXr ktlm-Z-cs‚ sImbn-em-≠n-bn-ep≈ Acn-°-S-bn¬ P\m_vXßƒ Hcp cq] iº-f-Øn\v \n∂n-cp-∂p-h-sX. 26 hb v hsc AXvXpS¿∂p. CXn-\n-S-bn¬ At±lw Ipd®p cq] kºm-Zn®v tImgn-t°m´vAcn-°-®-h-S-Øn-\mbn h∂p' F∂v _m -Jn-X-ßƒ Xs∂ Hcp kzImcykw`m-j-W-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xmbn At±-l-Øns‚ ASpØkplrØpw tImgn-t°mSv saUn-°¬ tImfPv Bkv]-Xn-bnse ap≥kq]≠pw Atkm-kn-tb‰v s]m^-k-dp-amb tUm. kn.-sI. cma-N-µ≥tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. tImgn-t°mSv hen-b-ßm-Sn-bn¬ Hcp Acn-°-®-h-S-am-Wv _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ BZy-ambn XpS-ßn-b-Xv. tImgn-t°mSv Xpd-apJwA∂pw ]i-kvXn-bpsS sImSp-ap-Sn-bn¬ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hen-b-ßmSnZ£n-tW-¥y-bnse G‰hpw henb Xnc-°p≈ hmWnPy tIµ-ambn



31

]cn-e-kn-®p. d¶q-Wn¬ \n∂pw Idm-®n-bn¬ \n∂p-sa√mw Acn-°-∏-ep-Iƒ \ntXy-\-sb-t∂mWw tImgn-t°m-t´°v hcn-Ibpw t]mhp-IbpwsNøp-∂Xv ]Xnhv ImgvN-bm-bn-cp-∂p. "kXy-Øns‚ Xpd-apJw' F∂kXvIo¿Øn tImgn-t°m-Sn\v Xo¿Øpw \jvS-s∏-SmØ Imew. hntZicmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ hnhn-[-bn\w Acn-®m-°p-Iƒ _m^JnXß-fpsSshb¿lu-kp-I-fn¬ Iqºm-c-am-bn. Ah sNdp-InS I®-S-h-°m¿ aptJs\ae-_m-dns‚ Kma-ß-fn-te°pw e£ Zzo]v kaq-l-ß-fn-te°pw Hgp-In.c≠mw temI alm-bp≤ Ime-am-Ip-tºm-tg°pw hen-b-ßm-Sn-bnsehenb I®-h-S-°m-cpsS \nc-bn-em-bn-cp∂p _^JnXß-fpsS ÿm\w.

_l-f-a-b-amb kw -h-hn-Im-k-ßƒsIm≠v apJ-cn-X-am-bn-cp∂pA∂v ae-_m-dns‚ cmjvSob cwKw. X\n°v Np‰pw Nqf-a-Sn®v hoin-t∏m-Ip∂ cmjvSob sImSp-¶m-‰p-I-sfm∂pw _m^Jn Xßsf iey-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-√. AsXm∂pw X\n°v hg-ßp-∂-X-s√∂v At±lw Icp-Xn. X\n°v Xosc Xm¬]-cy-an-√mØ Hcp cwKØv t]mbn ssIsh-°m≥ At±lw Xøm-dm-bn-√. X\n°v hn[n-®Xv I®-hSw Xs∂-sb∂vhniz-kn®v sIm≠v _m^Jn B‚ v Iº-\n-bnse Acn-®m-°p-Iƒ°pwXSn® IW°v ]pkvX-I-ßƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ GIm-K-Nn-Ø-\mbn At±lwIgn-™p IqSn.

Aßs\ apt∂m v t]mIp-tºm-gmWv _m -Jn-X-ß-fpsS [¿Ω-tX-P- ns\ X´n-bp-W¿Ønb Hcp kw -h-ap-≠m-b-Xv. temI alm-bp≤wC¥ybv°v shfn-bn-em-sW-¶nepw AXns‚ kmº-ØnImLmXw apgp-h≥ t]td≠n h∂Xv C¥y-bm-Wv. `£y-£maw sImSp-ºncn sIm≠p.]´nWn ac-W-ßƒ \nXy-kw-`-h-ß-fm-bn. \ntXym-]-tbmK hkvXp-°ƒIS -I-tºm-f-ß-fn¬ \n∂v A]-Xy-£-am-bn. AcnaWn-sbm∂v sImdn-°m\n√msX Bfp-Iƒ A¥w hn´p. k¿°m¿ b¥w Xmt\ DW¿∂p.s]mXp hnX-cW irwJ-e-Iƒ i‡n-s∏-SmØ B ImeØv £y-[m\ycwKØv \nb-¥-W-ßƒ G¿s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Kh¨sa‚ v \n¿_-‘n-X-am-bn. AXns‚ `mK-ambn k¿°m¿ ta¬ t\m´-Øn-ep≈ Ipsd tdj≥jm∏p-Iƒ Bcw-`n-®p. ]s£ Ah A]-cym-]vX-am-bn-cp-∂p. £mahpwIjvS-∏m-Sp-Ifpw I®-h-S-°m-c-\mb _m^JnXß-fpsS D≈ns‚ D≈n¬Dd-ßn-°n-S-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂ kaqly ]Xn-_-≤-XsbsXm´p-W¿Øn.Cusbmcp ZpcnX ]¿∆-X-Øn¬ Hcp I®-h-S-°m-c≥ \n¿h-ln-t°-≠p∂IS-a-sb-s¥∂v At±lw Xncn-®-dn-™p. "\mgn-b-cn-s°mcp \mgnI ZqcwIyq \n∂mepw' In´m-\n-√mØ tImgn-t°mSv \K-c-Øn¬ _m^JnXßƒXs‚ kz¥w hI Ipsd \ymb-hn-e-jm-∏p-Iƒ Xpd∂v ]h¿Øn-∏n-®p.Hcp hym]m-cn°v B ImeØv sNøm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp∂ G‰hpw hne-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

32

tb-dnb kmaq-lnI tkh-\-am-bn-cp∂p B \ymbhne-jm-∏p-Iƒ._m^Jn XßfpsS Cu ]h¿Ø\w tImgn-t°ms´ P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬Gsd ]iw-kn-°-s∏-´p. _m^Jn XßfpsS lrZ-b-Øns‚ AI-Ø-f-ß-fn¬ Hfn-™n-cp∂ kmaq-lnI ]Xn-_-≤-X-°p≈ km£n-]-X-am-bn-Øo¿∂p Cu kw`-hw.

I®-h-S-°m¿ s]mXpsh em -]n-b-cm-Wv. Fhn-sSbpw Ft∏mgpwAh¿ Aßs\ Xs∂. em`w In´m≥ th≠n-bm-Wt√m Ah¿ I®-hSw sNøp-∂-Xv. P\-ßƒ°v A¬]w tkh\w sNbvXv Ifbmw F∂Nn¥-tbmsS Bcpw I®-h-S-Øn-\n-d-ßm-dn-√. ]q®°v ap≈v In´m≥ th≠nBcpw ho´n¬ a’yw hmßm-dn√ F∂ t]mse bp≤hpw £mahpwhcp-tºmƒ `qcn-]£w I®-h-S-°mcpw AsXmcp sImbvØp-Im-e-ambnIW-°m-°pw. Icn-©-¥bpw ]qgvØn-sh∏pw \SØn sIm≈-em`wsImbvsX-Sp-°m-\p-≈-XmWv Ah¿°v £ma-Imew. shbn-ep-≈-t∏m-gm-Wt√m ssht°m¬ DW-t°-≠-Xv.

F∂m¬, _m^JnXßƒ hyXy-kvX-\mb I®-h-S-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. P\-ß-fpsS IÆo-cn¬ \n∂pw IjvS-∏m-SpI-fn¬ \n∂pw Imiv]dn-s®-Sp-°m≥ At±lw Iq´p-\n-∂n-√. £ma-Im-e-sØ P\-t£a]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°p≈ Ime-ambn At±lw IW-°m-°n. AØ-c-samcpkµnKv[ L´-Øn¬ cmjvS ]p\¿\n¿Ωm-W-Øn¬ hym]mcn kaqlwhln-t°-≠p∂ ]¶v F¥m-sW∂v At±lw ]tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS-Im-Wn-®p sImSp-Øp. Kh¨sa‚ns‚ A`n-\-µ-\-ßƒ At±-lsØ tXSn-sb-Øn.

AXv Hcp ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-Øns‚ cq]-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. ae-_m¿]tZ-iØv Kh¨sa‚ v Bcw-`n® tdj≥ jm∏p-I-fn-te°v Acnbpwa‰v `£y-h-kvXp-°fpw hnX-cWw sNøm\p≈ samØ hym]mcssek≥kv. _m^Jn XßfpsS k∑-\ n\pw kXy-k-‘-Xbv°pwImcytijn-°p-ap≈ AwKo-Imcw. ]ikvX ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\mb Sn.-]n-kn. InSmhv A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂Xv t\m°p-I.

""..............-c≠mw temI alm-bp≤ Ime-ØmWv Xß-fp-ambnASpØv ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sm≥ F\n°v CS-bm-b-Xv. A∂v Rm≥ Znh-tk\Xnt°mSn \n∂v tImgn-t°m-t´°v kok¨ Sn°‰v ]Imcw Xoh-≠n°vt]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p ]Xn-hv. Iq´n\v sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp henbkwL-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. A[n-Ihpw I®-h-S-°m¿. ]e IY-Ifpw]d™p sIm≠p≈ B bmX-bn¬ kabw t]mIp-∂Xv Adn-bn-√. an°Znh-k-ß-fnepw Xßfpw kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.t\cw-t]m-°n¬ Xßƒ ]¶p-sIm-≈m-dn-√. kwkmcw A[n-Ihpw



33

cmjvSob Imcy-ßsf Ipdn-®m-bn-cn-°pw. tIm¨K-kns\ Xßƒ°vhenb shdp-∏m-bn-cp-∂p. eoKn\v i‡n IqSn-°qSn h∂ Ime-am-bn-cp∂pAXv. A∂v aZn-cm-in-bnse tdj≥ jm∏p-I-fn¬ Acn-sb-Øn®p sImSp-ØXv Xß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. e£-°-W-°n\v Ddp-∏nI apS°n sIm≠p≈Cu G¿∏m-Sn¬ klm-b-Øn\v Imcy-ambn Bcp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂mWvtXm∂p-∂-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ Akm-[m-cW _p≤n-i-‡nbpw Imcy-\n¿∆-lW tijnbpw sIm≠v F√mw icn-bm-bßv \S∂p F∂v ]d-™m¬aXn. s]s´∂v ]Ww sdm°w sImSp-°p-hm≥ km[n-°msX h∂ ]eI®-h-S-°m-scbpw At±lw klm-bn-®n-´p-≠v. Cßs\ ISw-hm-ßp-∂-h¿ ]Ww ka-b-Øn\v Xncn®v sImSp-°m-Xn-cp-∂mtem F∂v Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ Rm≥ At±-l-tØmSv tNmZn-®p. I®-hSw A[n-Ihpw hnizm-k-Øns‚ taemWv \S-°p-∂-sX-∂pw, Xs∂ AXp-h-sc-bmcpw I¬∏n®pIqń NXn-®n-ń-s√-∂p-am-bn-cp∂p AXn-\p≈ DØcw.''¥

tImgn-t°mSv hen-b-ßm-Sn-bn¬ Acn-°-®-hSw \S∂p sIm≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ _m^JnXßƒ tIm¿´v tdmUn¬ as‰mcp I®-hSIº-\nbpw ÿm]n-®p. ChnsS sIm] I®-hSw Bbn-cp∂p \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. hen-b-ßm-Sn-bnse "Acn-°m-c≥ Xßƒ'¥Aßs\ tIm¿´vtdmUn¬ sIm]-°m-c≥ Xß-fp-am-bn. Cfb ktlm-Z-c-ß-fmb kønZvlmjnw _m^-Jn, kønZv Al-ΩZv _m^Jn F∂n-h¿ sIm]-°-®-h-S-Ønse ]m¿´vW¿am-cm-bn-cp-∂p. GXm≠v AtX ImeØv Xs∂ ae-_m-dnse sIm]-°-®-h-S-Øns‚ kncm-tI-µ-amb hS-I-c-bnepw At±lwHcp sIm] I®-hSw Bcw- n-®p. s]cn-ßmSn hb-en¬ C_mlnw lmPnF∂ ]uc-]-ap-Js‚ DS-a-ÿ-X-bn-ep≈ ]m≠n-I-im-e-bn-emWvAt±lØns‚ kPoh kl-I-c-W-tØmsS _m^JnXßƒ hS-I-c-bn¬ sIm] I®-hSw XpS-ßn-bXv. ChnsS I®-S-h-Øn¬ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cmb kønZv apl-ΩZv _m^-Jn, kønZv Aehn _m^Jn F∂n-hsc ]¶p-tN¿Øp. 1949˛¬ A\p-P-\mb kønZv lminw _m^Jn Xß-tfm-sSm∏w _¿Ω-bpsS Xe-ÿm-\-amb dwKq-Wnse apKƒ kvSo‰n¬_m^Jn B‚ v Iº\n F∂ t]cn¬ as‰mcp ÿm]-\hpw Bcw-`n-®p. Cu ÿm]\Øns‚ ta¬t\m-´-Øn-\mbn dwKq-Wn¬ t]mbn Xma-kn® kønZv lminw _m^Jn Xßsf Hcp ]tXyI ]cm-a¿i-Øn\vhnt[-b-am -°msX hø. tPyjvT≥ kønZ v A_vZp -d -ln -am≥_m^JnXßƒ°v apºv Xs∂ kPo-h-cm-jvSo-b-Øn¬ apgp-Inb Bfm-bn-cp-∂p kønZv lminw _m^-Jn. sImbn-em≠n Xmeq-°n¬ apkvenweoKv sIń-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ XymK-]q¿Æ-amb ]¶mWv At±lw hln-®n-´p-≈-Xv. sImbn-em-≠n-bnse ]g-b-Ime apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-I≥am¿


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34

IrX-⁄-Xm-`-cn-X-amb lrZ-b-tØm-sSbpw kvt\l-hm-bvt]m-sS-bp-amWv lminw _m^-Jnsb Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xv. dwKq-Wn¬ \n∂v ]m°n-ÿm-\n-te°v t]mb lminw _m^Jn Idm-®n-bn-emWv acn-®-Xv.

kønZv lminw _m^JnXßƒ°v apºv cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ apgp-Inb as‰mcp AwKhpw _m^Jn IpSpw-_-Øn-ep-≠v. At±-l-Øns‚t]cpw kønZv lminw _m^Jn F∂p Xs∂. kuI-cy-Øn\v th≠nCt±-lsØ kønZv lminw _m^-Jn(-ko-\n-b¿) F∂p hnfn-°mw._m^Jn IpSpw-_-Ønse BZy cmjvSo-b-°m-c≥ F∂ _lp-aXn At±-l-Øn-\p-≈-Xm-Wv. _m^Jn Xd-hm-´n¬ \n∂v BZy-ambn tImtfPvhnZym- ymkw t\Snb Bfpw kønZv lmjnw _m^Jn(ko-\n-b¿) Xs∂.kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^JnXßfpsS aqØ ktlm-Zcn ico^dufm- ap-Øp-_o-hn-sb-bmWv lminw _m^Jn hnhmlw sNbvX-Xv. CuZº-Xn-I-fpsS aI-\mWv ]apJ apkvenw eoKv t\Xmhpw ap≥ Fw.-F¬.-Fbpw Bb kønZv Da¿ _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ. kønZv lminw_m^JnXßƒ (ko-\n-b¿) tZiob ]ÿm-\-Ønepw kzmX¥y ka-c-Ønepw kPo-h-ambn ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. bmYm-ÿnI kaq-lsØA¤p-X-s∏-SpØn sIm≠v ae-_m¿ InkvXy≥ tImtf-Pnepw aZmkvInkvXy≥ tImtf-Pnepw Aen-K¿ apkvenw bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-bnepwAt±lw hnZym- ymkw sNbvXp. Cw•ojv DdpZp mj-I-fn¬ ]mhoWywt\Sn. aZmkv saUn-°¬ tImtf-Pn¬tN¿∂v sshZy hnZy-`ymkw XpS-ßn-sb-¶nepw saUn-°¬ hnZym¿∞n-bm-bn-cns° At±lw acn-®p. \nk-l-I-cW ]ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]s¶-SpØ kønZv lminw _m^Jn Km‘n-Pn-bpsS Blzm\w inc-km-h-ln®p sIm≠v tImtfPv _ln-jvI-cn-®n-cp-∂p. Jnem- Øv ]ÿm-\-Ønse kPoh hf-≠n-b-dp-am-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. acWw hsc JZ¿ hkvXta [cn-®p-≈q. Km‘nPn sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ h∂-t∏mƒ kzoI-cn-°m≥ ap≥]-¥n-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂p kønZvlminw _m^-Jn.

Jnem-^Øv ]ÿm\w ae-_m-dn¬ i‡n ]m]n® ImeØvkønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m^JnXßƒ AXn¬ `mK-`m-°m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F¶nepw apkvenw P\-X-bpsS sshIm-cnI ]iv\-ambn IW-°m-°-s∏-´n-cp∂Xn\m¬ _m^Jn Xßfpw B ]t£m-`-Øns‚ \ni-_vZ-\mb A\p-`m-hn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ ktlm-Zcn ¿Øm-hns‚ kzm[o\w_m^JnXßsf Hcp Jnem- -Ø-\p- m-hn-bm°n F∂v hnNm-cn-°p-∂Xv\ymbw.

1934˛¬ ae-_m-dn¬ apkvenw cmjvSo-bsØ DgpXp adn®psIm≠v sk≥S¬ Akw-ªn-bn-te°v sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]Jym-]n-°-s∏-



35

´p. A∂sØ ]m¿e-sa‚ v BWv sk≥S¬ Akw-ªn. ae-_m¿,kuØv Im\d apkvenw (]-tXy-I) \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ lmPnA_vZp-k-Øm¿ tk v kmln_pw apl-ΩZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ kmln_pwBbn-cp∂p ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ. sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v AX henb I£ncmjvSob ]cn-K-W-\-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fmb c≠pt]cpw tIm¨K-kp-Im¿. thsdmcp ]m¿ń A∂v ae-_m-dn¬ ]d-bm≥amX-an-√m-bn-cp∂p. Cu sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ _m^JnXßƒ sNdp-XmbnCS-s]-Sp-Ibpw kØm¿ tk´v kmln-_n\v A\p-Iq-e-amb \ne-]mSvkzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xmbn apkvenw eoKv t\Xm-hmb F≥.-hn.A_vZp- emw auehn Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂p. kØm¿ tk´v kmln_v hnP-bn-®p. F∂m¬ 1936˛¬ aZn-cmin \nb-a-k-`-bn-te°v tImgn-t°mSv (dq-d¬)-˛-Ip-dp-º-\mSv \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ \S∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬_m^JnXßƒ kPo-h-ambn ]s¶-Sp-Øp. AXn\v cmjvSobamb Imc-W-ß-fp-≠v.

tIc-f-Øn¬ apkvenw eoKv imJ-Iƒ A¬∏m¬∏-ambn ]Xy-£-s∏-Sm≥ XpS-ßnb Hcp Ime-ØmWv \nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp∏v hs∂-Øn-b-Xv. tImgn-t°mSv (dq-d¬)- -Ip-dp-º-\mSv apkvenw (]-tXyI) \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ apkvenw eoKv a’-cn-°m≥ \n›-bn-®p. AhnsSAUz. _n. t]m°¿ kmln-_n-s\-bmWv apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-bmbn \n¿Øn-bXv. Jm≥ _l-Zq¿ B‰-tImb Xß-fm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ FXn¿ ÿm\m¿∞n. B‰-tImb Xßƒ°v hyh-ÿm-]n-X-amb cmjvSob ]m¿ń-I-fpsSsbm∂pw ]n¥p-W-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXvAt±lw Bh-iy-s∏-ń-cp-∂pan-√. tIm¨K-kn\v ÿm\m¿∞n-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶nepw Ah-cpsS A\p-`mhw t]m°¿ kmln-_n-t\m-Sm-bn-cp-∂p. I£n cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ Im‰v IS-°mØ Ad-I-fn¬ Bfp-IƒXf-®n-S-s∏´ Ime-am-bn-cp-∂n√ AXv. AXn-\m¬ a’cw ][m-\-ambpwhy‡n-I-fpsS "tIaØ'Øns‚ t]cn-em-bn. \nIpXn sImSp-°p∂ P∑n-am¿°v amXta thm -h-Imiw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. Ah-cm-sW-¶n¬ FÆ-Øn¬ hfsc Ipd-hpw.

apkvenw eoKv t\Xm-hmb _n. t]m°¿ kmln_v sslt°m-S-Xn-bn¬ ko\n-b¿ A`n- m-j-I\pw ae-_m-dnse apkvenw-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈BZysØ/c≠m-asØ \nba _ncp-Z-[m-cn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]mK¤ywsIm≠v At±-lsØ adn-I-S-°m-\m-hp∂ Hscm‰ apkvenw t\XmhpwA∂v ae-bm-f-°-c-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

Jm≥ _l-Zq¿ B‰-t°m-b-X-ßƒ DK-]-Xm-]n-bm-Wv. At±-l-tØ-°mƒ hen-sbmcp ]amWn apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ thsd-bn-


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36

s√∂v ]d-bmw. P∑n-am-cpsS t\Xm-hv- -_n- ojv Kh¨sa‚ns‚ G‰hpwth≠-s∏´ D‰-an-Xhpw. At±lw hnNm-cn-®m¬ \S-°mØ Imcy-an-√.\ap°v kz]v\w ImWm≥ t]mepw Ign-bm-ØX kzm[o\ i‡n.

kønZv lminw _m^JnXßfpsS hntbm-K-Øn\v tijw At±-l-Øns‚ hn[-hsb (_m^JnXßfpsS ktlm-Z-cn-sb) ]p\¿hnhmlw sNbvXXv B‰-t°mb Xß-fm-Wv. Aßs\ ]pXnb hnhml_‘w hgn _m^JnXßƒ Jm≥ _l-Zq¿ B‰-t°mb Xß-fpsSAfn-b-\mbn.

]Xm-]-im-en-bmb ktlm-Zco ¿Ømhv sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ a’-cn-°p-tºmƒ _m^JnXßƒ°v A\-ßm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Ign-bptam?At±lw Ad-®p-\n¬°msX Ac-ßn-te-°n-d-ßn. sXc-s™-Sp∏v hnti-j-ßsf ]‰n Hcp dnt∏m¿´v:˛

""-Ip-dp-º-\mSv tImgn-t°mSv dq-d¬ \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn-emWvG‰hpw cq£-amb sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-∂-Xv. apkvenw bph-Xzhpw apX-em-fn-Øhpw XΩn-ep≈ G‰p-ap-´-emWv AhnsS \S-∂-Xv. _n. t]m°¿kmln_v Bbn-cp∂p apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n. ae-_m-dns‚ sXc-s™-Sp∏v cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ BZysØ cwK ]th-i-\w.''

""am∏n-f-am¿°n-S-bn¬ In´m-hp∂ G‰hpw ]K-¤-\mbÿm\m¿∞n-bm-bn-cp∂p t]m°¿ kmln-_v. Hcp ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ø¬IqSmsX apkvenw _lp-P-\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]cs° Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Ah-cpsS ]nb-¶-c-\mb t\Xm-hm-W-t±-lw. ae-_m-dnse apkvenw-I-fn¬\n∂p≈ BZysØ \nba _ncp-Z-[m-cn, ]kn-≤-\mb ]m¿e-sa-t‚-dn-b≥, \nkvXp-e-]-`m-h-\mb cmjvSob t\Xm-hv, tZiob ]i-kvX-\mb`c-W-L-S\m hnZ-Kv[≥, D÷z-e-\mb hmKvan, kp]ow tImS-Xn-bpsSA`n-am-\-amb A`n-`m-j-I≥ F∂o \ne-bn-se√mw hnJym-X-\mbt]m°¿ kmln-_v.

""At±lw sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v \n∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Fhn-sSbpw Bth-i-Øns‚ Ae-sbm-en-Iƒ. sXc-s™-Sp∏v bphm-°-fpsS D’-h-ambnXo¿∂p. kap-Zm-b-Ønse DXvI¿tj-—p-°fpw ]ptcm-K-a-\-Imw-£n-I-fp-amb sNdp-∏-°m-sc√mw t]m°¿ kmln-_ns‚ ]n∂n¬ Bth-i-tØmsS AWn-\n-c-∂p. A`y-kvX-hn-Zy¿ AsXmcp A`n-am-\-]-iv\-am-sb-Sp-Øp. Fgp-Øp-Imcpw Ihn-Ifpw apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ AXy-]q¿∆-amtb D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ahcpw B apt∂-‰-Øns‚ ap≥ \nc-bn¬ \ne-bp-d-∏n-®p.

""Jm≥ _l-Zq¿ B‰-t°mb Xßƒ BWv FXn¿



37

ÿm\m¿∞n-˛-A-t±-lsØ klm-bn-°m≥ Afn-b≥ _m^JnXßfpw. B‰-t°mbbpw _m^JnXßfpw tN¿∂m¬ AsXmcp al-—-‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Jm≥ _l-Zq-dns‚ JP-\mhv \ndsb Id≥kn t\m´p-Iƒ. AXv \n¿tem-àmbn Xpd∂p sh®p. aºpdw aJm-ans‚ ItÃm-Un-b≥ F∂ \ne-°p B‰-t°m-b-X-ßƒ°v Akm-am-\y-amb ÿm\-amWp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. F√m \m´p-aq-∏≥amcpw P∑n-amcpw ]≈n°mc-W-h-∑mcpw ]am-Wn-amcpw B‰-t°m-b-X-ßƒ°v th≠n cwK-Øn-d-ßn.thm´v Ah¿s° D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q-˛-\n-IpXn AS-°p-∂-h-cmb AYhmP∑n-am-cmb `mKy-hm≥am¿°v amXw. t]m°¿ kmln-_ns‚ IqsSIØp∂ Bth-i-hp-ambn \S-°p∂ sNdp-∏-°m¿s°m∂pw thmń-√m-bn-cp-∂p. t]in anSp°p sIm≠v Ah¿ ]nSn®p \n∂p. A¶-Ø-ń¬tLmc ka-cw.

""A∂v bph A`n- m-j-I\pw ]n¬°m-eØv aZn-cmin sslt°m-S-Xn-bn¬ PÃn-kp-amb ]n. Ip™-l-ΩZv Ipń lmPn-bm-bn-cp-∂p t]m°¿kmln-_ns‚ hf-≠n-b¿ Iym]v‰≥. as‰mcp A`n-`m-j-I\pw ]n∂oSvtIcf sslt°m-S-Xn-bn¬ PÃn-Ãp-amb C.-sI. sambvXp hmf-≠n-b¿kwL-Ønse AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p.

""Kma ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ ]te-SØpw t]m°¿ kmln-_ns‚ sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v Hmôkp t]mepw Inń-bn-cp-∂n-√. P∑n-am¿ AXv hne-°n. sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ hfsc ]bm-k-s∏-´mWv HcpHmôkv sIńSw Inń-b-sX∂v ]gb Ime apkvenw eoKv t\Xmhv Fw.A_vZp-√-°pń lmPn A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p. t]m°¿ kmln_v Pbn®pt]mbm¬ Xßƒs°√mw AXym-]Øv hcp-sa∂v P∑n-am¿ `b-s∏-´p.]Sn-hm-Xn¬°-se-Ønb t]Sn kz]v\w t]mse Ah¿ t]m°¿ kmln-_ns\ ho£n-®p. "Ipem-Nm-c-ßƒ shSn™v' Cw•ojv ]Tn-°m≥ t]mbHcp "apSn-b-\mb ]pX≥' Xß-fpsS anYym-`n-am-\-Øns‚ Xd-°-√p-Iƒt]mepw tImcn-°-f-bp-sa∂ BVy-Ø-Øns‚ bw A£cw]Xn \ymb-am-bn-cp-∂p.

""hS-I-c-bn-em-bn-cp∂p t]m°¿ kmln-_ns‚ sXc-s™-Sp∏vIΩn‰n Hmôkv. hµy-h-tbm-[n-I-\mb sI. D∏n-km-ln-_m-bn-cp∂p sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v ta¬t\m´w hln-®n-cp-∂Xv. sI.-Fw.-koXnkmln-_v, kØm¿ tk´v kmln_v apX-em-b-h-sc√mw AhnsS Znh-k-ß-tfmfw Iymºv sNbvXp. ]gb Xe-ap-d-bnse t]sc-SpØ Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw ]X ]h¿Ø-I-\p-amb F. aΩp kmln_pw ]tc-X-\mb ]n.-hn. A_q-_-°¿ kmln_pw Hmôkv skI-´-dn-am-cmbn ]h¿Øn-®p.hS-I-c-bnse A`ykvX hnZy-cmb ct≠ c≠v apkvenw bphm-°-fm-bn-cp-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

38

∂p Ah¿. Jm≥ _l-Zq-dn -s\-Xn-cmbn ]h¿Øn-®-Xn\v Ah-tc¬t°≠n h∂ \riw-k-]o-U-\-ßƒ I¿Ω-]-Y-Øn¬ ASn-bp-d®p\n¬°m-\m-W-hsc t]cn-∏n-®-Xv. hoń¬ \n∂pw \m-ń¬ \n∂pw ]pd-Øm-°-s∏Sp∂ òj-Wn-t]mepw Nne¿s°-Xn-cmbn Db¿∂p.

""acp-a-°-Ømbw \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Hcp ]amWn hońsesNdp-∏-°m-c≥ t]m°¿ kmln-_ns‚ ]h¿Ø-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. CXn¬]tIm-]n-X-\mb Xd-hm-ńse Imc-W-h¿ IpSpw-_-kz-Øp-°ƒ hoXn-°p-tºmƒ "hgn sX‰n-t∏mb' B acp-a-I\v Hscm‰ kzØpw \¬In-bn-√. FXn¿∏ns‚ cq£X FX-bm-sW∂v Cu A\p-`hw \sΩ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

""Cu GSm-Iq-S--ßƒ°n-S-bnepw At\-Im-bncw bphm-°ƒ hmin-tbmsS apt∂m´v h∂v apkvenw eoKns‚ ]XmI IqSp-X¬ Db-c-Øn¬]d-∏n®p. tZiob t\Xm-°-sf√mw ae-_m-dn-te°v Hgp-In. (Ip-dp-º-\mSvs]mXp afi-e-Øn¬ tIm¨Kkv ÿm\m¿∞n-bmbn a’-cn-®Xv kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ≥ \mbcpw At±-lsØ FXn¿ØXv hn.-]n. \mcm-b-W≥\ºym¿, ]n. cma-h¿Ω Cf-b-cmP F∂n-hcpw Bbn-cp-∂p.)

""k¿ _pem-`mbv tZim-bv, kn. cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nmcn apX-embh≥tXm-°p-I-fmWv tIm¨K-kns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v \nd-ameNm¿Øm≥ tIc-f-°-c-bn¬ FØn-t®¿∂-Xv. apkvenw eoKns‚ IymºpwXmc-\n-_n-U-am-bn-cp-∂p. At\Iw hniz-hn-Jym-X-cmb t\Xm-°-∑mscImWm≥ ae-bm-fn-Iƒ°v Inńb Akp-e` kµ¿`w. Ah-km\w BNm-cy≥ Xs∂ hns√-Sp-Øp. C¥y≥ hnπ-h-Øns‚ tXP-]p-RvP-ambauem\m ju°-Øen apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \nco-£n-°m≥ae-_m-dn-se-Øn. `mc-X-Øns‚ hoc-knw-lsØ kzoI-cn-°m≥ tImgn-t°mSv dbn¬th tÃj-\n¬ XSn®p IqSnb P\-k-l-k-ß-fpsS t\Xm-°ƒ°n-S-bn¬ tImgn-∏p-dØv am[-h-ta-t\m\pw apl-ΩZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ kmln_pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. auem\ ju°-Øen sImbn-em-≠n-bnepw hS-I-c-bnepw t]m°¿ kmln-_n\v th≠n ]kw-Kn-®p.''1 CusXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨Kkv t]m°¿ kmln-_n\v A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂p.

tImgn-t°mSv \K-c-Øn-se-Ønb auem\m ju°-Ø-en°v t\cn-tS≠n h∂Xv Pn√m Ie-IvS-dpsS \ntcm-[-\m-⁄-bm-bn-cp-∂p. IS-∏p-dØv kwL-Sn-∏n® hºn® s]mXptbm-KsØ A`n-kw-t_m-[\wsNøm≥ Fgp-t∂‰v \n∂-t∏mƒ Xs∂ t]meokv h∂v ]kwKw XS-™p. B‰-t°mb Xß-fpsS Hcp i‡n.

CXn-\n-S-bn¬ tImgn-t°mSv Ie-IvS-td-‰n¬ \ns∂mcp cwKw.



39

""B‰-t°m-b-X-ßfpw Ipsd A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw lPq-cm-∏o-kn¬ h∂p.sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ t\man-t\-j≥ ^b¬ sNøm-\m-bn-cp∂p B hc-hv.AXn\v A¬]w apºv Xs∂ t]m°¿ kmln_v t\man-t\-j≥ sImSp-°m≥ A-hnsS h∂n-cp-∂p. t]m°¿ kmln_v hc-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bpsSapºn¬ \ma-\n¿tZi ]XnI ka¿∏n®v ]pd-Øn-d-ßn-b-Xn\v tijwBZyw ImWp-∂Xv _m^JnXßsfbm-bn-cp-∂p. Ccp-hcpw ]c-kv]cwkemw sNm√n lkvX-Zm\w sNbvXp. t]m°¿ kmln_v D]-Nm-c-]q¿∆w_m^JnXßtfmSv ]d-™p. Xßsf ZpB sNø-Ww. \njvI-f-¶-\mb_m^JnXßƒ AXn\v adp-]Sn ]d-™Xv "F√m Imcy-Øn\pw ZpBCc-°mw. ]s£ sXc-s™-Sp∏v Imcy-Øn¬ Xm¶ƒ tXm¬°ms\Rm≥ ZpB Cc°p-I-bp-≈q.2 F∂m-et√ Rßƒ°v Pbn-°m-\m-hq',F\n°v wKn-hm°v ]d-bm≥ Adn-bn-√-sb∂ _m^JnXßfpsS D≈pXpd∂ kwkmcw Xs∂ Gsd kt¥m-jn-∏n-®p-sh∂v t]m°¿ kmln_v]n∂oSv ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]s£ ]e apX-em-fn-amcpw _m^JnXßsft]mse ip≤-K-Xn-°m-cm-bn-cp∂n√. t]m°¿ kmln_v h∂v thm´ptNmZn-®-t∏mƒ At±-l-Øn\v thm´v sNøm-sa∂v ]d™ ]ecpw B‰-t°m-bsb "t]Sn®v' hm°p-]m-en-®n-√. "hm°v t]m°¿°pw thm´vXßƒ°pw' F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS \ne-]m-Sv.''

1937 s^_p-hcn 16˛mw Xnø-Xn-bmWv thms´-Sp∏v \S-∂-Xv.s^_p-hcn 25˛mw XnøXn thm´p-I-sf-Æn. 8695 thm´p-Iƒ t\Sn B‰-tImb Xßƒ Pbn-®p. t]m°¿ kmln-_n\v 5969 thm´p-Iƒ amXsaIn´n-bp-≈q.2 thm´p-I-ƒ Akm-[p-hm-bn.

B‰-tImb Xß-fp-tS-sX∂ t]mse _m^JnXßfptS-Xp-am-bn-cp∂p B hnPbw. cmjvSob cwKØv ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-tS≠ t]cp-I-

fn¬ H∂mbn Xo¿∂p _m^JnXßƒ.

1. kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-˛-cm-jvSob Poh-N-cnXw (Fw.-kn.)

2. ZpB Cc-°p-I-˛-ssZ-h-tØmSv ]m¿∞n-°p-I.

40


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

40

4Dd® Im¬sh-∏p-Iƒ

Jnem- Øv ka-c-Øns‚ ]cm-P-b-Øn\v tijw tIc-f-Ønseapkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ \thm-∞m\ ]cn-i-a-ßƒ°v Du¿÷w\¬Inb Hcp alXv ]ÿm-\-amWv 1922˛¬ sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ cq]wsIm≠ apkvenw sFIy kwLw. bmZr-›n-I-X-bn¬ \n∂mWv CXns‚XpS-°w. sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ \n∂v apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn-ep-≠mb I£nhg°v Ah-km-\n-∏n-°m≥ th≠n \n£v]£ kwLw F∂ t]cn¬Bcw-`n® Hcp ]mtZ-inI kwL-S-\-bmWv ]n∂oSv tIcf apkvenwsFIy kwL-ambn ]cn-W-an-®-Xv. sI.-Fw. aue-hn, sI.-Fw. koXnkmln-_v, C.sI aue-hn, aW-∏m´v Ip™n-ap-l-ΩZv lmPn apX-embal-Xvhy-‡n-I-fm-bn-cp∂p Cu kwL-Øns‚ ÿm]I t\Xm-°-ƒ.NcnX ]kn-≤-amb Ht´sd kmwkvIm-cnI hnZym-`ymk ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v XpS°w Ipdn® Cu kwL-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø\w 1934 hsc\ne-\n-∂p. AXn\v tijw Xe-t»cn tIµ-ambn ]h¿Ø-\-am-cw-`n®as‰mcp apkvenw kwL-S-\-bmWv tIcf apkvenw aPven-kv. 1931 BKÃv22, 23 Xnø-Xn-I-fn¬ Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ tN¿∂ Hcp ]Xn-\n[n ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ sh®mWv tIcf apkvenw aPvenkv cq]o-Ir-X-am-b-Xv. "tIcfapkvenw-I-fpsS kap-Zm-tbm-≤m-c-W-Øn\pw ]cn-jvI-c-W-Øn\pw]h¿Øn-°p-I, hnZym-`ym-khpw cmjvSo-bhpw Bb B\p-Iq-ey-ßƒk¿°m-cn¬ \n∂v t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-I, `cW ]cn-jvIm-c-ß-fn¬ apkvenwkap-Zm-b-Øns‚ c£bv°pw kzmX-¥y-Øn\pw Bh-iy-amb hyh-ÿ-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-∏n-°pI XpS-ßnbhbm-bn-cp∂p aPven-kns‚ Dt±ie£y-ßƒ.' tIcf apkvenw aPvenkv sk≥S¬ IΩn‰n ]kn-U‚ vtIc-fo-b-\-√m-Ø, aZm-knse ]apJ apkvenw t\Xmhv Fw. Pam¬apl-ΩZv kmln_v (Fw.-F¬.-F) Bbn-cp-∂p. Jm≥ _l-Zq¿ sI.Ip™-l-ΩZv tImb (Fw.-F¬.-kn) kn.-sI.-]n. kq∏n-°p-´n-tIbn



41

(sshkv ]kn-U-≠p-am¿), sI. D∏n kmln-_v, A_vZp- -Øm¿ tk´vkmln_v (sk-I-´-dn-am¿), kn.-]n. aΩp-t°bn (J-Pm≥Pn) F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p a‰p `mc-hm-ln-Iƒ 1934 hsc Cu kwL-S-\bpw Pohn-®p.

apkvenw aPvenkv £oWn®p XpS-ßn-b-t∏m-gmWv tIc-f-Ønseapkvenw t\Xm-°-fpsS IÆp-Iƒ hSs° C¥y-bn-te°v Xncn-™-Xv.hSt° C¥y-bn¬ k¿t∆¥ym apkvenw eoKv F∂ cmjvSob]ÿm\w apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ AwKo-Imcw t\Sn hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.1936˛37 ¬ \S∂ \nb-a-k`m sXc-™-Sp-∏mWv tIcf apkvenw-Ifpwk¿t∆¥ym apkvenw eoKp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sm-\p≈ ]mfw ]Wn-X-Xv.\nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tImgn-t°mSv A¿_≥ \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ \n∂v apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-bmb AUz. sI.-Fw. l ≥tImbbpw Ipdp-º-\m´v \n∂v AUz. _n. t]m°¿ kmln_pw ]cm-P-b-s∏´p F¶nepw Hcp cmjvSob i‡n-bmbn tIc-f-Øns‚ A¥-co-£-Øn¬ apJw ImWn-°m≥ ap…nw eoKn\v Ah-kcw e`n-®p-sh-∂-XmWv B sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ ]m[m-\yw.

Hcp kPoh apkvenw cmjvSob ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ A`m-h-Øn¬apkvenw ]am-Wn-am-cpsS Hcp hn`mKw _n´ojv Kh¨sa‚ns‚ kpJ-ku-I-cy-ß-ƒ Bkz-Zn®v Ah-cpsS Bfp-I-fmbn Ign-bp-∂-h-cm-bn-cp∂p.as‰mcp hn`mKw tIm¨Kkv ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øp. Cu c≠v[ph-ßƒ°n-S-bnemWv Hcp aq∂mw am¿§-ambn apkvenw eoKv ae-bm-f-°-c-bn¬ FØn-t®¿∂-Xv.

A°m-eØv k¿t∆¥ym apkvenw eoKv DØ-tc-¥y-bn¬ amXw]h¿Øn®p sIm≠n-cp∂ Hcp cmjvSob ]ÿm-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1937HtŒm-_¿ aq∂mw XnøXn eJvt\m-hn¬ tN¿∂ k¿t∆¥ym apkvenweoKv hm¿jnI ktΩ-f\w eoKv ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Z£n-tW-¥y-bn-te°pwhym]n-∏n-°m≥ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-Ibpw AXn-\m-h-iy-amb I¿Ω-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-I-Ibpw sNbvXp. eIvt\m ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ tIc-f-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ ]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn A_vZp-k-Øm¿ tk v kmln_v ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. sk≥S¬ Akwªn AwK-sa∂ \ne°v U¬ln-bnse]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ DØ-tc-¥y-bnse apkvenw eoKv t\Xm-°-fp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sm\pw tk´v kmln-_n\v Ah-kcw e`n-®p. Cu ]cn-N-b-s∏-S-en-eqsS At±lw apkvenw eoKn¬ BIr-jvS-\m-hp-Ibpw Z£n-tW-¥y-bn¬ AXns‚ ]Nm-cW ZuXyw Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.AtXm-Sp-IqSn apkvenw eoKns‚ imJ-Iƒ ae-_m-dn¬ Aßn-ßmbncq]w sIm≈p-Ibpw t\c-sØ-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ apkvenw aPvenkv Gsd-°psd apkvenw eoKn¬ ebn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xe-t»-cn-bm-bn-cp∂pA_vZp-k-Øm¿ tk´v kmln-_ns‚ ]h¿Ø\ tIµw. Ahn-SsØ


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

42

]kn-≤-amb "apkvenw ¢∫n¬' HØp-tN-cm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂ DXv]-Xn-jvWp-°-fmb apkvenw ]ap-J-cpsS N¿®-I-fn¬ \n∂mWv apkvenw eoKv cq]o-I-c-W-Øns‚ `qWw hncn™v h∂-Xv. kØm¿ tk´v kmln_pw Cu¢∫n¬ AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Xmakw amdnb sI.-Fw. koXnkmln_v Ah-tcm-sSm∏w tN¿∂p. tk´v kmln-_v-˛-koXn kmln_vIq´p-sI- mWv ae-_m-dn¬ apkvenw eoKn\v kpZr-V-amb ASn-Ød ]mIn-b-Xv. AtX hcn-bn¬ Iqń-hm-bn-°-s∏-tS-≠p∂ Hcp t]cmWv sI. D∏nkmln_v. 1923˛¬ kzcmPv ]m¿ń-bpsS ÿm\m¿∞n-bmbn aZn-cminAkw-ªn-bnepw 1930 apX¬ ]m¿e-sa‚nepw AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p D∏nkmln_v. Km‘n-Pn-bpsS Blzm\ ]Imcw aZmkv ]kn-U≥kntImf-Pn¬ \n∂v ¢mkv _ln-jvI-cn®v BZyw ]pdØv h∂ hnZym¿∞nt\Xm-hm-W-t±-lw. ae-_m-dnse apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ F√mcmjvSob Ne-\-ßfnepw ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv At±-l-Øns‚ \ng¬∏m-Sp-Iƒ. Ah-cpsS IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ as‰mcp AXn-Im-b-I-\mWv _n.t]m°¿ kmln-_v. 1930 apX¬ aZmkv sePn-t…-‰ohv Iu¨kn¬AwK-am-bncp∂ t]m°¿ kmln_v. Cu D∂X io¿j-cmb t\Xm-°-sf√mw ]gb tIm¨Kkv t\Xm-°fpw kzmX¥y kac tk\m-\n-I-fp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ]tXyIw ]d-tb≠ Imcy-an-√.

JmCsZ AAvkw apl-Ω-Zen Pn∂ apkvenw eoKn¬ A\n-tj-[y-\mb t\Xm-hmbn Db¿∂-t∏mƒ At±-l-Øns‚ A\\y km[m-c-W-amb t\XrXzw AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ C¥y-bnse _lp-`q-cn-]£wapkvenw t\Xm-°fpw Xøm-dm-bn. s\lvdp dnt∏m¿ńs\ sNm√n \S∂hmZ-tIm-em-l-eßfpw tIm¨K-kns‚ ]Xn-tem-a-Ic-amb \ne-]m-Sp-Ifpw apkvenw _lp-P-\-ßsf tIm¨K-kn¬ \n∂v AI‰n \n¿Øn.Aen ktlm-Z-c≥am¿ AS-°-ap≈ t\Xm-°-∑m¿ tIm¨K-kp-am-bp≈_‘w Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cn¬ ]ecpw apkvenw eoKp-ambn kl-I-cn®p XpS-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu Hcp tZiob ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWvae-_m-dnse tIm¨K-kp-Im-cmb apkvenw t\Xm-°fpw apkvenweoKnte°v IS-∂p-h-cm≥ XpS-ßn-b-Xv. apkvenw cmjvSob i‡n-bpsSA\¥ hnim-e-amb km[y-X-Iƒ Adn™p Is≠-Ønb Im¥-Z¿in-I-fmb t\Xm-°-sf√mw apkvenw eoKns‚ I¿Ω cwKØv sas√ sas√FØn-Øp-S-ßn. 1936˛se sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ÿm\m¿∞n-sb ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ønb Jm≥ _l-Zq¿ B‰-t°mbXßfpw apkvenw eoKn¬ AwKXzw kzoI-cn-®p. Cu IpsØm-gp-°n¬\n∂v kap-Zmb A`n-am-\n-bmb _m^Jn Xßƒ°v Hgn™p \n¬°m-\m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. t\csØ Xs∂ apkvenw eoKn\v th≠n Xpd-∂p-



43

eoKnt\mSv ASp-°m≥ XpS-ßn.1936˛¬ Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ BZysØ imJm

IΩn‰n \ne-hn¬ h∂p-I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. lmPn A_vZp-k-Øm¿ tk´vkmln_v, sI.-Fw. koXn kmln-_v, sI. D∏n-km-ln-_v, _n. t]m°¿kmln-_v, kn.-]n. aΩp-t°-bn, Sn.-Fw. sambvXp kmln-_v, Fw. a°nkmln_v apX-emb ]ap-J-∑m-sc√mw BZy IΩn-‰n-bn¬ t\Xr-Xz-]-c-amb ]¶p-h-ln-®p. tIcf apkvenw aPvenkv F∂ BZysØ A¿[cmjvSob kwL-S-\°v P∑w \¬Inb Xe-t»cn \Kcw apkvenw eoKvF∂ ]pXnb cmjvSob ]Xn-`m-k-Øns‚ Zo]-inJ Db¿Øn-°m-Wn-®p-sIm≠v apkvenw tIc-fsØ amSn-hn-fn-®p.

tIbn-am-cpsS ]´-W-Øn¬ \n∂v apkvenw eoKns‚ imJ-Iƒsat√ sXt°m´v \oßn. tImc-∏p-gbpw IS∂v AXv tImb-am-cpsS \K-c-Øn-te°v ]th-in-®p. ]s£ Cu ]th-i\w Ffp-∏-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.tImgn-t°m-Sns‚ aÆn\v Aß-s\-sbmcp ]tXy-I-X-bp-≠v. ae-_m-dns‚`cW Xe-ÿm-\hpw apkvenw ]am-Wn-am-cpsS hnlmc tIµ-hp-ambtImgn-t°mSv \Kcn apkvenw eoKns\ Ccp ssIIfpw \o´n hmcn-∏p-W-cm≥ XnSp°w ImWn-®n-√. NcnX \K-cn-bn¬ thcp-d®v In´m≥ Hcp]mSvIS-º-Iƒ.... t_m[y-s∏-S-en-s‚bpw t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ø-en-s‚bpw CS-th-f-Iƒ. B sshX-c-Wn-Iƒ XcWw sNøm≥ ]Xyp¬]-∂-a-Xn-XzhpwC—m-i-‡nbpw D≈ Hcp t\Xm-hns\ tXSp-I-bmbncp∂p apkvenw eoKv]ÿm-\w. HSp-hn¬ hnPbw I≠p. \n›-b-Zm¿Vy-ap≈ Hcp bph-t\-Xmhv apkvenw eoKns‚ ]XmI Npa-en-te¬°m≥ \n¿`o-Xn-X-\mbnapt∂m´v h∂p. At±-l-amWv tIm´-∏-dºv amfn-b-°¬ ImZn-cn-t°m-b-lm-Pn. tIm¿ v tdmUnse "ImZn-cn-t°mb akvPnZv' tImtgm-t°m- p-Im¿°vkp]-cn-Nn-X-amb Hcp apkvenw tZhm-e-b-a-Wv. ]mX:kvac-Wo-b-\mbsI.-Fw. ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn-bpsS ]mh-\-amb Hm¿Ωsb imiz-Xo-I-cn-°m-\mWv B ]≈n°v At±-l-Øns‚ t]cv \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv.

ImZn-cn-t°m-b-bpsS t]cn¬ thsdbpw kvamc-I-ap-≠v. tImgn-t°mSv kn‰n-bnse apkvenw eoKv ]ÿm\w Xs∂ ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn-bpsS \nXy-kvam-c-I-am-Wv. tImgn-t°ms´ BZy-Ime hnZym- ymk ÿm]-\-amb lnam-b-Øp¬ Ckvemw sslkvIq-fns‚ ÿm]-I≥ ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn-bmWv. At±-lw InS-b‰ kmaq-lnI ]h¿Ø-I\pw Id-b‰ kap-Zmb kvt\ln-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. kmaq-lnI Xn∑-Iƒs°-Xncmbnbphm-°sf kwL-Sn-∏n®v sIm≠v ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn \S-ØnbAt\Iw ]Xy-£-k-a-c-ßƒ tImgn-t°ms´ apkvenw-I-fpsS Ncn-X-Øn¬ ]pf-I-a-Wn™v \n¬°p-∂p. apJy-[mcm Ncn-X-Øn¬ At±lwXa-kvI-cn-°-s∏´v t]mbXv apgpØ IrX-Lv\X amXw. Ae-™p-Xn-cn-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

4445

bp∂ sXcphp thiy-Iƒ°v Ip]-kn-≤-amWv tImgn-t°m- -ßm-Sn. am\n-©n-d-bnse sh≈w t]mse kpe-`-am-W-h¿. kmaq-lnI ]h¿Ø-I-\mb ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn-bpsS a\- n\v CXv ]bm-kap-≠m-°n. thiy-Isf ]p\-c-[n-h-kn-∏n-°p-hm\pw Ahsc k∑m¿§ hoYn-bn-te°v Xncn®psIm≠p-h-cp-hm\pw At±lw Nne I¿Ω-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-®p.Hcn-°¬ At±lw t_m[-h-XvI-cW ¢mkp-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-®p. Hcn°¬At±lw thiy-I-fpsS tbmKw hnfn®p Iq´n. Ah¿°v hn`h kar-≤-amb kZy \¬In. AXn\v tijw Cu Zpjn® sXmgn¬ Dt]-£n-°m\pwkXv]m-Ÿm-hn-te°v Xncn®p hcm\pw At±lw Ahsc D]-tZ-in-®p.At±-l-Øns‚ lrZ-b-kv]r-°mb D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v ]ekvXoIfpw "]gb sXmgn¬' Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw k®-cn-X-cmbn PohnXwXpS-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aß-s\-bp≈ H‰-bm≥ ]ÿm-\-atX sI.-Fw.ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn.

tImgn-t°ms´ apkvenw-I-fn¬ tIm¨K- n-\m-bn-cp∂p kzm[o-\w. A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ kmln_pw At±-l-Øns‚ A¬ Aao≥ ]Xhpwapkvenw-Isf tIm¨K-kn¬ Dd-∏n®p \n¿Øn. AØ-c-samcp ]Xn-Iq-em-h-ÿ-bn-emWv ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn tImgn-t°ms´ apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]®-s°m-Sn-bp-ambn IS∂p sN∂-Xv. "CXv t\¿®-s°m-Sn-bmtWm'F∂ ]cn-lm-k-am-Wv A-t±-lsØ ImØn-cp-∂-Xv. ]s£ \ncm-i-\m-hmsX t¢i-`q-bn-jvT-amb ]h¿Ø-\-Øn-eqsS At±lw ^ew Is≠-Øn. as‰mcp ]Xn`m imenbpw ]apJ kmaq-lnI hnZym- ymk ]h¿Ø-I\pw A`n-`m-j-I-\p-amb Fw.-hn. ssltZmkv h°o¬ ImZn-cn-t°mblmPn°v Xmßmbn hs∂-Øn. Nmh-°m-´p-Im-c-\mb ssltZmkvh°o¬ tPmen Bh-iym¿∞w tImgn-t°m-s´-Øp-Ibpw tImgn-t°m-Sns\ Xs‚ P∑-\-K-c-ambn kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXXmbn-cp-∂p. tImgn-t°m-Sns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI Nc-X-Øn¬ h¿tÆm÷z-e-amb A≤ym-b-amWv At±lw hnc-Nn-®-Xv. apkven-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ B[p-\nI hnZym- ymkw]N-cn-∏n-°m≥ ae-_m-dn-ep-S-\ofw At±lw HmSn-\-S-∂p. mdqJv tImtf-Pns‚ ÿm]\w At±-l-Øns‚ kz]v\-am-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ kz¥w hoSpw]dºpw ]W-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm-Wv At±lw mdqJv tImtfPns‚ \n¿Ωm-W-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Ø-Xv.

aZmkv tem tImtf-Pn¬ ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ ssltZmkvh°o¬ apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ apgp-In-bn-cp-∂p. B el-cn-bp-am-bmWv At±lw tImgn-t°m´v h∂-Xv. hfsc thK-Øn¬ Xs∂At±lw sI.-Fw. ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-´p. B_‘w tImgn-t°m-Sns‚ cmjvSob Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]pXn-sbmcp Ntµm-



45

Z-b-Øn\v hgn sXfn-bn-®p.tImgn-t°mSv I√mbn tdmUn-ep≈ ssltZmkv h°o-en‚

hoń¬ sh®mWv tImgn-t°ms´ apkvenw eoKv imJ cq]o-I-cn-°m-\p≈Btem-N\m tbmKw \S-∂-Xv. hmWn-t»cn DΩ¿ tImb lmPn, sI.-Fw. ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn, _n.-hn. A_vZp-√t°m-b, Fw. _mhpń lmPn,sI.]n. Dkvam≥ lmPn, ]coXv amÃ¿ apX-embh¿ Cu tbmK-Øn¬]s¶-SpØp. AXns‚ XpS¿®-bmbn sXs° IS-∏p-dsØ k`m lmfn¬tN¿∂ Hcp hn]p-e-amb tbmK-Øn¬ sh®mWv tImgn-t°mSv Suäpkvenw eoKv IΩn‰n \ne-hn¬ h∂-Xv. sI.-Fw. ImZn-cn-t°mb (]-kn-U-≠v) AUz. Fw.-hn. ssltZmkv (sk-I- -dn) Zmhq-Zv mbv ap√m PohmPnI]mkn (J-Pm≥Pn) F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p ][m\ mc-hm-ln-Iƒ. ae-_m-dnse c≠m-asØ apkvenw eoKv imJ-I-Ωn-‰n-bm-Wn-sX∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

1937 Unkw-_¿ 20˛mw XnøXn Xe-t»cn ap\n-kn-∏¬ Su¨lmfn¬ tN¿∂ ae-_mdnse apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-I-cpsS tbmK-Øn¬ sh®mWv ae-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw-eo-Kns‚ BZysØ IΩn‰nsXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xv. AXns‚ ]›m-Xe hnh-cWw Sn.-Fw. kmhm≥Ipń kmln_v cNn® "koXn kmln_v' F∂ KŸ-Øn¬ Cßs\hmbn-°mw.

""AJn-te¥ym apkvenw eoKns‚ LS-I-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ ae-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eoKv cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn 1937 Unkw-_¿ 20˛mwXnøXn Xe-t»cnbnse ap\n-kn-∏¬ Su¨ lmfn¬ sh®v ae-_mdnseapkvenw eoKv A\p-`m-hn-I-fpsS Hcp ktΩ-f\w hfsc hn]p-e-amb\ne-bn¬ \S-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. lmPn A_vZp- -Øm¿ tk´v kmln-_v,koXn kmln-_v, kn.-]n. aΩp-t°-bn, aW-∏m´v Ip™n-ap-l-ΩZv lmPn,sjbv°v dmhp-Ø¿ (]m-e-°m-Sv), F.-sI. Ip™n-am-b≥ lmPn, Sn.-Fw.sambvXp, kn.sI aΩZv tIbn, Fw.-sI. ImZ¿ Ipń, _n. t]m°¿ kmln-_v, Sn.Fw aq kmln-_v, l ≥ Ipń Ipcn-°ƒ, sI.-Fw. auehnXpS-ßn-b-h¿ ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Ø-h-cn¬s∏Spw. ktΩ-f-\m-[y-£≥ Ad-°¬ A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ Ben cmPm kmln_pw''

""ktΩ-f-\-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v co]o-I-cn® hmf-≠n-b¿ tIm¿]n∂oSv \mj-W¬ Km¿Uv F∂ t]cn-em-Wv Adn-b-s∏-´-Xv. AXns‚Iym]v‰≥ Ct∏mƒ k¿∆o-kn¬ \n∂pw ]ncn™ PÃnkv C.-sI.sambvXphmbn-cp-∂p. sI.-Fw. apl-Ω-Zen (Pn√m PUvPn), sI.-Fw. apl-ΩZv (A-Uz-t°-‰v), Fw. a°n (ap≥ cPn-k-Sm¿), kn.-H. Ip™m-en-°p-ń-t°-bn, _n. aqk-°pń (A-Uz-t°-‰v), _n.-Fw. ImZ¿Ip-ń, _n. DΩ¿Ipń, ]n. sambvXp (ap≥ sU]yqń C≥kvs]-IvS¿), sI.-]n. aΩp, H.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

4647

amln-\-en, kn.-]n. ]°n-t°-bn, _m∏p tk´v, kn.]n. A_vZp-√-t°bn,aplΩZv Zmhq-Zv tk´v, Pm\n tk´v, \mkn aq XpS-ßn-b-h¿ hmf-≠n-b¿ tIm-dn¬ AwK-ß-fm-bn- ]h¿Øn-®p.

""ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ sh®v ae-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eoKv IΩn‰ncq]o-I-cn®p. Ad-°¬ A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ Aen cmP (]-kn-U-≠v), sI.-Fw. l ≥ tImb, sI. D∏n kmln_v (sshkv ]kn-U-≠p-am¿),lmPn A_vZp¬ kØm¿ tk´v (sk-I-´-dn), sI.-Fw. koXn kmln-_v, Fw.-hn. ssltZmkv h°o¬ (tPm-bn‚ v skI-´-dn-am¿), kn.]n.aΩp-t°bn (S-j-d¿) F∂o `mc-hm-ln-Ifpw sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p.''NcnXImc-\mb ]n.F skbvXp apl-ΩZv Fgp-Xn.

""C∂sØ C¥y≥ apkvenw-eoKns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v ]tNm-Z\w \¬In-bXv 1921˛se am∏n-f-am-cpsS Xn‡m-\p- -h-am-Wv. ae-_m-dn¬BZy-ambn apkvenw-Iƒ°v cmjvSob ]h¿Ø\w IqSn \S-Øp-∂-Xn\vapkvenw aPvenkv F∂ kwL-S\ 1930˛¬ ÿm]n-®p. B kwL-S-\bv°p cmjvSobw thW-sa∂pw th≠m-sb∂pw hmZ-ap-≠m-bn.cmjvSobw thW-sa∂ A`n-]m-b-°m¿ aPven-kns‚ ]h¿Ø\wDu¿÷n-X-s∏-Sp-Øn. kmap-Zm-bnI Imcy-ßƒ°v sFIy kwLhpwcmjvSob Imcy-ßƒ°v apkvenw aPvenkpw Hcp-an®p \n∂p ]h¿Øn-®p. Hmtc ]¥-en¬ Xs∂ ]kvXpX kwL-S-\-I-fpsS ktΩ-f-\-ßƒ\S-∂p. 1937˛¬ ae-_m-dnse apkvenw eoKv hy‡-ambn cq]w sIm≈p-∂Xv hscbpw B ]ÿm-\-tØmSv A\pIqe-ap≈ apkvenw-Iƒ aPven-kn¬ ]h¿Øn-®p.'' (tI-cf apkvenw NcnXw ]n.-F. skbvXv apl-Ω-Zv, A¬lpZm _pIv Ãmƒ, tImgn-t°m-Sv)

tImgn-t°mSv cq]o-Ir-X-amb apkvenw eoKv imJm IΩn‰n IqSp-X¬ Djm-tdmsS ]h¿Øn-°m≥ hgn sXfn-™p. ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn-bpsS amkva-cn-I-amb kzm[o\ he-b-Øn¬ _m^Jn Xßƒ Dƒs∏-Sm≥ A[nIw Xma-kn-t°≠n h∂n-√. ImZn-cn-t°mb lmPn-bp-am-bp≈ASp-∏-amWv _m^Jn Xßsf apkvenw eoKns‚ AWn-bn-se-Øn-®-Xv.tImgn-t°ms´ apkvenw eoKv thZn-I-fn¬ At±lw A¬∏m¬∏-ambnapJw ImWn-®p XpS-ßn. _m^Jn Xß-fn¬ \nZ-]q-≠n-cp∂ s]mXp-Imcy ]k‡n ho≠pw DW¿∂p. Acn-®m-°p-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \n∂v s]mSnX´n ]pd-Øp-h-cn-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Hcp cmjvSob t\Xm-hv. thK-Øn¬ Xs∂tImgn-t°mSv s]mXp Pohn-X-Øn\v At±-l-samcp th≠-s∏-´-h-\mbn.tImgn-t°mSv \K-c-k- °v 1942˛¬ Hcp t\man-t\-‰Uv Iu¨kn¬ ]Jym-]n-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ _m^-Jn-X-ßfpw AXn-sem-cw-K-ambn \a-\n¿t±iwsNø-s∏- p. Fw.-hn. ssltZmkv h°o¬. ]n.-]n. l ≥ tImb, tImb-∏-sØmSn Al-ΩZv Ip´n lmPn, ]n.-sF. Al-ΩZv tImb lmPn apX-



47

emb D∂ -X-cm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-tØm-sSm-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ apkvenwIu¨kne¿. sI.-hn. kqcy-\m-cm-bW-ø¿ sNb¿am\pw sImbn-em-≠n-°m-c-\mb _m^Jn Xßƒ tImgn-t°ms´ ap\n-kn-∏¬ Iu¨kn-e-d-mhp-I-sb-∂Xpw Hcp I¿Ω-^-ew.

ae-_m¿ s]mUyqkv a¿®‚ vkv Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ ]kn-U≠v ÿm\-tØ°v _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´Xpw CtXh¿j-Øn-em-Wv. tImgn-t°ms´ I®-h-S-°m-cpsS G‰hpw ]ap-J-ambkwL-S-\-bm-Wn-Xv.

_m^-Jn-X-ßƒ apkvenw eoKn¬ tN¿∂ AtX h¿j-Øn-emWv ae-∏p-dØv ]mW-°mSv ]n.-Fw.-F-kv.-F. ]qt°mb Xßfpwapkvenw eoKn¬ tN¿∂-Xv. AXp-hsc C¥y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨K-kns‚ kPoh ]h¿Ø-I-\m-bn-cp∂p ]mW-°mSv ]qt°m-b-X-ßƒ.At±-l-Øns‚ se‰¿ slUn¬ t]mepw tIm¨K-kns‚ Xnh¿Æ]Xm-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Bte-J\w sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv. lmPn A_vZp¬ -Øm¿tk´v kmln-_ns‚ kzm[o-\hpw Nm°ocn Al-ΩZv Ip´n kmln-_p-am-bp≈ Nßm-Øhpw IqSn-bm-b-t∏mƒ ]mW-°mSv Xß-fpsS apkvenweoKn-te-°p≈ hgn Ffp-∏-am-bn.

1940 G]n¬ 29˛mw XnøXn tImgn-t°mSv \S∂ ae-_m¿ Pn√mapkvenw eoKv ktΩ-f\w B kwL-S-\-bpsS Xzcn-X-K-Xn-bn-ep≈ hf¿®hf®p sI´n-√msX hnfw-_cw sNbvXp. Ahn-`‡ _wKm-fns‚ ][m-\-a¥n F.-sI. k-ep¬ lJv Bbn-cp∂p B ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ A[y-£≥. "tjsd-˛-_w-Kmƒ' F∂v hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ temI ]ikvX\mbn-cp∂p ^k-ep¬ lJv. ae-_m¿ eoKv Ncn-X-Ønse Hcp hgn-Øn-cn-hm-bn-cp∂ ]kvXpX ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ kzoI-cW kwLm-[y-£≥ B‰-t°m-b-X-ßƒ (Fw.-F¬.-F) Bbn-cp-∂p. \n¿`m-Ky-Øn\v ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ Hcp-°-ßƒ ]ptcm-K-an®p hcp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ B‰-t°m-b-X-ßƒtcmK-_m-[n-X-\m-bn. At±-l-Øn\v kpJ-an-√m-Xm-b-k-a-bØv At±-l-Øn\v th≠n Npa-X-e-Iƒ \n¿h-ln-®n-cp-∂Xv _m^-Jn-X-ßfmbn-cp-∂p.

Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Xs∂ hnZym-`ymk cwKØpw _m^-Jn-X-ßƒ hne-tb-dnb tkh-\-ß-fmWv A¿∏n-®-Xv. aX-hn-Zym-`ymk Imcy-ß-fn¬ amX-am-bn-cp-∂n√ At±-l-Øn\v Xm¬]-cyw. X\n°v In´msXt]mb Cw•ojv hnZym-`ymkw Xs‚ kap-Zm-b-Ønse ]pXnb Xe-ap-d-s°-¶nepw FØn®p tImSp-t°-≠-Xmbn At±lw Icp-Xn. \n¿[-\-cmbapkvenw hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v kvtImf¿jn-∏p-Iƒ \¬In-s°m≠vAt±lw Ah-cpsS D]-cn-]-T-\-Øn\v DtØ-P-\-ta-In. ]apJ hnZym- ymk


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

48

Nn¥-I\pw ^mdqJv tImtf-Pnse A[ym-]-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ s]m^. Sn.A_vZp-√, apkvenw eoKv t\Xmhv kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb apX-em-b-h¿ _m^-Jn-X-ßfpsS kvtImf¿jn∏v sIm≠v ]T\w ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-b-h-cm-Wv. s]m^. Sn. A_vZp√m kmln-_ns‚ hm°p-Iƒ i≤n-°pI:˛

""Rm≥ At±-l-hp-ambn (_m^-Jn -X-ßfpam-bn) BZy-ambn_‘-s∏-Sp-∂Xv 1940˛em-Wv. B h¿j-amWv Xß-f-h¿Iƒ BZy-ambn14 A¿l-cmb hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-\mbnkvtImf¿jn∏v \¬Im≥ Xocp-am-\n-®-Xv. kvtImf¿jn-∏n-\mbn Cßs\sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-h-cn¬ Rm≥ Dƒs∏-´p..... sslkvIq-fn¬ ]Tn-®n-cp∂ ImeØv Ad-_nIv ap≥jn-bm-bn-cp∂ a¿lpw Sn.-]n. apl-ΩZvauehn kmln-_ns\ G¬∏n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p ]nXm-hv. Rß-sf√mw]pkvX-Ihpw Npa∂v kvIqfn-te°v t]mIp-tºmƒ sImbn-em-≠n-bnepw]cn-k-c-Øp-ap≈ apkvenw hr≤-∑mcpw ]fin-X-∑mcpw "Pl-∂-an-te-°p≈ Sn°-‰p-am-bXm Hcp kwLw t]mIp∂p' F∂v ]d™v \ho\hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\v t]mIp-∂-hsc ]cs° Bt£-]n-°p∂ Hcp Ime-L-´-Øn-emWv Xß-f-h¿Iƒ Cu kml-k-Øn\v apXn¿∂-sX∂v]tXyIw Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

""XpS-°-Øn¬ Xß-f-h¿I-fpsS kvtImf¿jn∏v hmßn ]Tn-®n-cp∂ Bfpw ASpØ Znhkw hscbpw ]iw-k-\o-b-amw-hn[w \ΩpsSa¥n-]Zw Ae-¶-cn-®n-cp∂ Bfp-amb P: kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImbkmln_v ]n∂oSv Kh¨sa‚ v kvtImf¿jn∏n¬ ]Tn®v XpS¿∂v C‚¿ao-Un-tb‰v hsc FØn. 1944˛¬ Fkv.-F-kv.-F¬.-kn. ]m mb tijwG‰hpw IqSp-X¬ am¿°v hmßnb Bfns\ Rm≥ ta¬t∏m´v ]Tn-∏n°mw'' F∂ Xß-fpsS Xocp-am-\-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v ]Tn∏v XpS-cp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Aßs\ 1951˛¬ Fw.-F, F¬.-F¬.-_n. _ncpZw FSp-°p-∂-Xp-hsc Xß-fpsS kvtImf¿jn∏v A\p-`-hn-°m-\p≈ `mKyw F\n°ve`n-®p. (_m-^Jn Xßƒ kvamcI KŸw)

apkvenw eoKn¬ AwK-am-b-tXmsS _m- Jn XßfpsS apºn¬tkh-\-Øns‚ At\Iw Ihm-S-ßƒ Xpd-°-s∏-´p. s]m∂m\n aDu-\-Øp¬ Ckvemw k`, tImgn-t°ms´ X¿_n-b-Øp¬ Ckvemw k`, lnam-b-Øp¬ Ckvemw k` apX-emb ]ikvX ÿm]-\-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ At±lw mK-`m-°m-bn. hnZym-`ymk ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-ep≈ Xm¬]cyw At±lw Ah-km\ \mƒhsc sI´p-t]m-ImsXkq£n-®p.

s]mXp ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ kPo-h-am-b-tXmsS ]Z-hn-Iƒ Hs∂m-



49

∂mbn _m-^Jn Xßsf tXSn-h-∂p. ap\n-kn-∏¬ Iu¨kn-e-dm-bXpws]mUyqkv a¿®‚ vkv Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ ]kn-U-≠m-bXpw t\csØ]d™p Ign-™p. tImgn-t°mSv Su¨ apkvenw eoKns‚ ]h¿ØIkan-Xn-bnepw At±lw Dƒs∏-´p. hfsc s]s´∂v Xs∂ ]kvXpXIΩn-‰n-bpsS JPm≥Pn ÿm\-tØ°pw At±lw sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. apkvenw eoKn¬ At±lw hln® BZysØ HutZym-KnI ]Z-hn.

c≠mw temI alm-bp≤w sImSpºncn sIm≈p∂ Imew.kzmX¥y ka-c-Øns‚ Xo®qf-bn¬ C¥ym cmPyw sh¥p-\o-dp-∂p.ln‰ve¿-˛-ap-tkm-f\n A®p-X-≠ns‚ ^mknÃv IS-∂p-I-b-‰-Øn¬\n∂vtemIsØ c£n-°m≥ tIm¨Kkpw apkvenw-eoKpw bp≤-Øn¬_nójv Kh¨sa‚n\v ]n¥p-W ]Jym-]n-®p. bp≤-Øn¬ _n´¨hnP-bn-®m¬ C¥y°v Ah¿ kzmX¥yw Xcp-sa-∂m-Wv ]Xo-£. ]s£tIm¨K-knse Nne hnπh Kq∏p-Iƒ bp≤-Øn¬ _n´s\ A\p-Iq-en-°p-∂-Xn\v AwKo-I-cn-®n-√.

Ah¿ hnπ-h-Øn\v ]mI-amb ka-b-ambn AXns\ hne-bn-cp-Øn. P∏m≥Im-tcm-sSm∏w tN¿∂v _n´s\ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ ]‰nbkµ¿ -am-Wn-sX∂v Ah¿ hmZn-®p. C\n Hcp \nanjw t]mepw _nójvKh¨sa‚ns\ sh®v s]mdp-∏n-°m-\m-hn√ F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS]Jym-]-\w. t\XmPn kp`mjv Nµ-t_mkv Bbn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS t\Xm-hv. cmjvSob \ne-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ Km‘n-Pn-tbmSv ]Xy-£-ambnXs∂hntbm-Pn∏v ]I-S-∏n® Bfm-bn-cp∂p t\Xm-Pn. lnµp alm-k` t\Xmhvhn.-Un. kh¿°¿ t\Xm-Pn-tbmSv ]d-™p. ""dmjv _nlmcn t_mkn-s\bpw a‰p hnπ-h-Im-cn-I-sfbpw t]mse Xm¶fpw ]pdØp IS-°-Ww.C‰-en-bnepw P¿Ω-\n-bn-ep-ap≈ bp≤-Ø-S-hp-Im-cmb mc-Xo-bsc kwL-Sn-∏n-°pI. AXn\v tijw `mcX kzmX¥y ]Jym-]\w \S-Øp-I.P∏m≥ bp≤-Øn¬ Cd-ßp∂ ka-bØp Xs∂ \Ωfpw `mc-X-Øn-\p-≈n¬ FØp-I. KwK kmK-ctam _w•mƒ Dƒ°Stem _¿Ωtbm IS-∂p-h-cm≥ km[n-°pw. AØ-c-samcp kwL-Sn-Xhpw _rl-Øp-ambkwcw`w C√msX `mcXØn\v kzmX¥yw e`n-°n-√. Xm¶ƒ°v AXn-\p≈ Ignhpw km[y-Xbpw GXv kml-knI IrXyw Gs‰-Sp-°m≥t]m∂ ss[cyhpw N¶p-d-∏p-ap≠v.''·]t£ alm-flm-Km‘n Cu ho£-W-tØmSv tbmPn-®n√. 1941 P\p-hcn 16˛mw XnøXn t\XmPn kp`mjvNµ-t_mkv hntZ-iØv sh®v hnπhw \S-Øm≥ cl-ky-ambn C¥y -hn-´p. At±lw Hcp hnam\ A]-I-S-Øn¬ sIm√-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

AXn-\n-S-bn¬ _nójv Kh¨sa‚n-t\m-Sp≈ ]Xn-tj[ kqN-I-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ Kh¨sa‚ v \¬Inb ÿm\-am-\-ßfpw _lp-aXn_ncp-Z-ßfpw Dt]-£n-°m≥ k¿t∆¥ym apkvenw eoKv C¥y≥ apkvenw-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

50

ItfmSv Blzm\w sNbvXp. apkvenw eoKv ]kn-U-≠mb JmCsZAAvkw apl-Ω-Zen Pn∂ Xs∂ At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ""ssd‰vtlmW-d-_nƒ'' apXemb _lp-a-Xn-Iƒ ]p√p-t]mse hen-s®-dn-™p.F∂m¬ ae-_m-dnse Nne Jm≥ _l-Zq¿am¿ Xß-fpsS "ÿm\'ßƒDt]-£n-°m≥ Xøm-dm-bn-√. _nójv Kh¨sa‚ns‚ tIm[w £Wn-®p-h-cp-tØ-≠-Xn√ F∂m-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS a\- n-en-cn-∏v. Cßs\Jm≥ _l-Zq¿ ÿm\w Dt]-£n-°m≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-®-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬]n.-Fw. B‰-t°mb Xßfpw s]´p. ]m¿ń A®-S°w A\p-k-cn-°m-Ø-Xns‚ t]cn¬ ]n.-Fw. B‰-t°mb Xß-f-S°w 14 Jm≥ _l-Zq¿amsc apkvenw eoKn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øm-°n.

AXn\v tij-amWv k¿t∆¥ym apkvenw eoKns‚ knhn¬Un^≥kv IΩn‰n AwK-ß-fmb \hm_v apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ Jm≥,JmP \nkm-ap-±o≥, Nu[cn Jeo°p am≥ F∂o t\Xm-°ƒ tIcfkµ¿i-\-Øn-\msb-Øn-b-Xv. temI ]i-kvX-cmb Cu aq∂v h≥ t\Xm-°-sfbpw B‰-t°mb Xßƒ Xs‚ hk-Xn-bn-te°v £Wn-°p-IbpwAh¿ AhnsS Xma-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. apkvenw eoKns‚ HutZym-KnI t\Xr-Xz-hp-ambn Btem-Nn-°msX GtXm Zpkzm-[o-\-ap-]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠mWv B‰-t°mb Xßƒ Cu £Ww kzoI-cn-∏n-®-Xv. ]m¿ń°vapI-fn-ep≈ Xs‚ ]am-Wn-ØsØ AwKo-I-cn-∏n-°-em-bn-cn°mw At±-l-Øns‚ Dt±iw

B‰-t°m-b-X-ßƒ sNbvX Imcy-ßsfm∂pw _m-^JnXßƒ°v CjvS-am-bn-√. B‰-t°mb Xßfpw apkvenw eoKpwXΩnep≠mb X¿°-Øn¬ _m-^Jn Xßƒ apkvenw eoKns‚ IqsS\n∂p. HSp-hn¬ B‰-t°mb Xßƒ apkvenw eoKn¬ \n∂v amX-a√_m-^Jn XßfpsS a\- n¬ \n∂pw AI-∂p-t]m-bn.

cmjvSob ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ k¶o¿Æ-ambn XpS-cp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬k¿t∆¥y apkvenw-eoKv cmjvS-Øns‚ Nn¥m-[m-c-bn¬ Hcp ]pXnbBibw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p.˛hn-`-P-\w.2 _nó-jp-Im¿ C¥y hn´p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ C¥y c≠v kzX-¥ cmjvS-ß-fmbn hn`-Pn-°-s∏-S-Ww.

In‰v C¥ym kacw sImSp-ºncn sIm≈p-tºm-ƒ apkvenw eoKp-Im-cs‚ Np≠p-I-fn¬ \n∂p-b¿∂ Hcp apZm-hmIyw UnsshUv B‚ v

In‰v C¥y-˛-hn-`-Pn-°p-I, hn´p-t]m-hpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

1 koXn kmln_v ˛ Sn.-Fw. kmhm≥Ipń, kmwkvIm-cnI

]kn-≤o-I-cW hIp∏v

2 ""]mIn-ÿm≥ ]t£m`w'' F∂mWv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv



51

5

t\Xr-Xz-Øns‚ ]Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ

tIm¨K-kns‚ In‰v C¥ym ka-chpw apkvenw eoKns‚ ]m°n-ÿm≥ ]t£m-`hpw H∂n®p h∂-t∏mƒ ae-_m¿ Cf-In-a-dn-™p.tIm¨Kkv AXns‚ Hcp ]m¿ń ]cn-]mSn Bbn-´m-Wv "In‰v C¥ym'kacw ]Jym-]n-®-Xv. A°m-cWw sIm≠v apkvenw eoKv AXn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øn-√. F∂m¬ ka-csØ FXn¿°mt\m kac ssk\n-Isc H‰n-s°m-Sp-°m-t\m, _nójv Khä‚n\v hoSp-]Wn sNømt\m apkvenweoKv Xøm-dm-bn-√. tIm¨K-kp-Im¿°v sImSnb a¿±\ßƒ A\p-`-hn-t°≠n h∂p. B ]Xn-k-‘n-bn¬ kulm¿± kqN-I-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ apkvenw eoKv tIm¨K-kn-t\m-Sp-≠m-bn-cp∂ F√m FXn¿∏p-Ifpw XmXvIm-en-I-ambn \n¿Øn-sh-®p.

1946˛emWv "NµnI'Zn\-]Xw tImgn-t°mSv \n∂v ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bXv. 1932 apX¬ Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Hcp hmcn-Im-bmbn XpS-ßnb NµnI tImgn-t°m-t´°v am‰n ÿm]n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tImgn-t°mSv \n∂v NµnI A®Sn Bcw-`n-®Xv apX¬ _m-^Jn XßƒAXns‚ Xmßpw XW-ep-am-bn. Nµn-I°v F¥v ]bm-k-ßƒ hcp-tºmgpw BZyw D‰p-t\m-°pI _m-^Jn Xßsfbm-bn-cp-∂p. BZyw]ms™-Øp-∂Xpw _m-^Jn Xßƒ Xs∂. tImgn-t°mSv kn‰n-bnseNµn-I-bp-sS No^v GP≥kn _m-^Jn Xßƒ Gs‰-Sp-Øp. thW-sa-¶n¬ _m-^Jn XßfpsS ]X ]h¿Ø\ ]mc-ºcyw ]X-hn-X-cWwapX¬ XpSßn F∂p ]d-bmw. F.-sI. Ip™n-am-bn≥ lmPn hnc-an-®-Xn\v tijw _m-^Jn Xßƒ Nµn-I-bpsS ]km-[-I-cmb "apkvenw]n‚nwKv B‚ v ]ªn-jnwKv Iº\n'bpsS amt\PnwKv Ub-c-IvS-dm-bn.acWw hsc At±lw B ]Z-hn-bn¬ XpS¿∂p. apsºm-cn-°¬ _m-^Jn Xßƒ, apl-Ω-Zen Pn∂ kmln-_ns\ kµ¿in-®n-cp-∂p.t_mws_-bn¬ sh®mWv B kµ¿i\w. ""ae-bmf mj-bn¬ apkvenweoKns‚ ktµiw ]N-cn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp \√ ]Xw'' XpS-ß-Wsa∂v


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

52

Pn∂ kmln_v B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ _m-^Jn Xßsf D]-tZ-in-®p.B D]-tZiw inc- m-h-ln-®p-sIm-≠mWv _m-^Jn Xßƒ Nµn-I-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Ic-I-hn™ Bthiw ImWn-®-Xv. ""1946˛¬ Nµn-I-bpsS ]Nm-c-Wm¿∞w Xe-t»cn Xmeq-°ns‚ an° `mK-ß-fnepwA∂v Nµn-I-bpsS amt\-PnwKv Ub-d-IvS-dm-bn-cp∂ P: F.-sI.Ip™pam-bn¬ lmPn kmln-_n-t\m-sSm∏w P\m_v Xßƒ k©-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. P\m_v sI.-Fw. koXn kmln_v, P\m_v sI. D∏n-km-ln-_v, P\m_v H.-kn. ]°rlmPn F∂n-hcpw A∂sØ ]cy-S-\-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp∂p. A∂v Hcp e£-Øn¬]cw cq]-bpsS sjb-dp-Iƒ Cu Xmeq-°n¬\n∂v tiJ-cn-°p-hm≥ _m-^Jn Xßƒ°vIgn™psh∂p ]d-™m¬ B ]cy-S-\-Øns‚ hnP-b-sØ-°p-dn®vDuln-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp≈q'' F∂v Xe-t»cn Xmeq-°nse ]gb eoKvt\Xm-hmb hn.-]n. Aen kmln_v sNm¢n A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p. Xe-t»cn Xmeq-°n¬ amX-a√ tIc-f-Øn¬ F√m Xmeq-°p-I-fn-epw, awK-em-]p-cw, t_mws_, _m•q¿ apXemb \Kc-ß-fnepw t\cn´v sN∂vAhn-SpsØ ae-bm-fn-Isf I≠v _m-^Jn Xßƒ Nµn-I°v th≠n^≠v tiJ-cn-®n-cp-∂p. Nµn-I-bn¬ hcp∂ Hmtcm hm¿Øbpw At±lwAcn-®p-s]-dp°n hmbn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn¬ kw`-hn-°p∂ sNdnbA£-c-sØ‰v t]mepw At±lw kln-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

AXn-\n-S°v ae-_m-dnse apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°vBthiw ]I¿∂p-sIm≠v k¿t∆¥ym apkvenw eoKv P\-d¬ skI-´dn \hm_v kmZm enbm-JØv Ben Jm≥ ae-_m-dn¬ ]cy-S\w \S-Øn. B ]cy-S\w hnP-bn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw _m-^Jn Xßƒ ITn-\-ambnA≤zm-\n-®p. At∏m-tg°pw tImgn-t°mSv Su¨ apkvenw eoKns‚ ]kn-U≠v ÿm\-tØ°v At±lw Db¿Ø-s∏ v Ign-™n-cp-∂p. enbm-JØvAen Jms\bpw kwL-sØbpw kzoI-cn-°m≥ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´nbpwap≥]-¥n-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw eoKns‚ ]m°n-ÿm≥ ]ta-bsØ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n A\p-Iq-en-®p. ""]m°n-ÿm≥ knµm-_mZv.''""tIm¨K-kv- -eo-Kv- -I-Ωyq-WnÃv sFIyw knµm-_mZv' apX-em-b-h-bmWvA°m-eØv Ah-cpsS apZm-hm-Iy-ßƒ. 1945 P\p-hcn 18˛mw Xnø-Xn-bnse "amXr-`qan'Zn\-]-X-Ønse Hcp dnt∏m¿´v hmbn-°p-I:˛

""AJn-te¥y apkvenw eoKv P\-d¬ skI- -dnbpw I¿Ω kan-Xn-bpsS I¨ho-\-dp-amb \hm_v kmZm enbm-JØv Aen-Jm\pw I¿ΩkanXn AwK-amb lmPn A_vZp- -Øm¿ tk´v, skI-´dn aue\mk^¿ Al-ΩZv A≥km-cn, apkvenw \mj-W¬ hm¿Uv kmemsdAAve (P-\-d¬ Iym]v‰≥) \hm_v kn≤oJv Aen Jm≥ F∂o

53



53

t\Xm-°∑m¿ C∂v ae-_m¿ FIvkv]-kn\v tImgn-t°mSv FØn.Chsc kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-I∑m-cmb _m^JnXßƒ, sI.-Fw. koXn, Sn.-]n. l ≥ tImb F∂n-h¿ Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ kzoIcW IΩn‰n AwK-ßfpw apkvenw \mj-W¬ Km¿Uv hmf-≠n-b¿am¿, apkvenw hnZym¿∞n kwLw F∂n-hcpw a‰p-ambn hf-sc-b-[nIw apkvenw-Iƒ sdbn¬sh tÃj-\n¬ lmP-cm-bn-cp-∂p. tImgn-t°ms´ Iptd IΩyq-WnÃv ]h¿Ø-I∑mcpw ]vfm‰v t^md-Øn¬D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. t\Xm-°≥am¿ h≠n-bn¬ \n∂v Cd-ßnb DS-s\,"tIm¨Kkv eoKv knµm-_mZv', "]mIn-ÿm≥ knµm_mZv' F∂o apZm-hm-Iy-ßƒ AhnsS apg-ßn. t\Xm-°-∑m¿ tÃjs‚ ]pdØv h∂tijw AhnsS ]tXyIw Xøm-dm-°n-bn-cp∂ πm‰v t^md-Øn¬ sh®v_m-^Jn Xßƒ, sI.Fw koXn XpS-ßnb t\Xm-°-∑mcpw hnhn[apkvenw kwL-S-\-Ifpw IΩyq-WnÃv sXmgn-emfn kwL-S-\-IfpwhnZym¿∞n sÛ-td-j\pw eoKv t\Xm-°-∑msc ame-b-Wn-bn®v kzoI-cn-®p. CXn\v tijw t\Xm-°-∑msc Ae-¶-cn® Hcp Imdn¬ hºn®tLmj-bmXbmbn hen-b-ßmSn Su¨ hgn apkvenw eoKv Hmô-kn-te-°m-\-bn-®p. t\Xm-°-∑m-cpsS BK-a\w ]am-Wn®v hen-b-ßmSn apgp-h\pw eoKv ]Xm-I-Isf sIm≠pw B¿®p-I-sf-sIm≠pw Ipcp-tØme,hmg apX-em-b-h-sIm-≠pw hnXm-\n-®n-cp-∂p. hgn-\osf apZm-hm-Iy-ßƒhnfn-®p-]-d™p sIm≠n-cp-∂p. t\Xm-°-∑m¿ _o®v tlm´-en-emWvXmakw'' (am-Xr-`qan 18-˛01-˛45)

aq∂v hkvXp-X-Iƒ Cu ]X-hm¿Ø-bn¬ \n∂v A\p-am-\n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. _m- Jn Xßƒ apkvenw eoKns‚ t\Xr-\n-c-bn¬ FØn-°-gn-™n-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xm-Wv AXn¬ H∂v. kzoI-cn-°m-s\-Ønb Pn√meoKv t\Xm-°-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ _m-^Jn XßfpsS t]cmWv BZyw]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. koXn kmln-_ns‚ t]cv t]mepw AXn\v tij-amWv h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. tIm¨Kkpw apkvenw eoKpw XΩn¬ A∂v]mtZ-in-I-ambn AX henb iXp-X-bn√ F∂-XmWv as‰mcp hkvXpX.]vfm‰v t^md-Øn¬ sh®v tIm¨K-kv-˛-eoKv knµm-_mZv hnfn-IƒDb¿∂Xv AXt√ sXfn-bn-°p-∂Xv. (Hcp ]t£ B apZm-hmIywIΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ apg-°n-b-XmtWm F∂p ]d-bm≥ BIn-√. aq∂m-asØhkvXpX IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń apkvenw eoKns‚ ]m°n-ÿm≥ ]ta-b-Øn\v A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xm-Wv. Ah-cpsS AJn-te¥ym \b-Øn\v A\p-Iq-e-ambn Xs∂-bmWv Ah¿ eoKv P\-d¬ skI-´-dnsbkzoI-cn-°m≥ ame-bp-ambn Xoh-≠n-bm-∏o-kn¬ FØn-b-Xv. ]apJIΩyq-WnÃv t\Xm-°-fmb Pn. A[n-Im-cn, ]nkn. tPmjn, (A-∂sØ


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

5455

IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n skI-´-dn) apX-emb FXtbm t\Xm-°-∑m¿]m°n-ÿm≥ ]ta-bsØ A\p-Iq-en-°p∂ ]_-‘-ßƒ Xøm-dm-°n-bn-´p-≠v. ]pkvX-I-ßfpw ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v.

"kn.-F®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-˛-cm-jvSob Poh NcnXw' F∂]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂v Hcp D≤cWn IqSn.

""apkvenw eoKns‚ ]m°n-ÿm≥ ]t£m-`sØ IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ A\p-Iq-en®p F∂v t\csØ hy‡-am-°n-b-t√m. ]s£ AXns‚t]cn¬ IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-I-fp-ambn Hcp Nßm-Ø-Øn\v eoKv Xøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√ F¶nepw Bcpw Bh-iy-s∏-SmsX Xs∂ IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿]n¥p-W-bp-ambn ]ndsI h∂p. eoKns‚ ]cn-]m-Sn-Isf kzmKXwsNøm\pw eoKv t\Xm-°sf kzoI-cn-°m\pw Ah¿ ap≥]-¥n-bn¬Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CXv ]s£ ]mtZ-inI eoKv IΩ-‰n-I-tfmSv Btem-Nn-®n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]me-°mSv apX¬ tImgn-t°mSv hsc-bp≈ F√mdbn¬sh tÃj-\p-I-fnepw enbm-JXv Aen Jms\ kzoI-cn-°m≥ Nph∏vame-I-fp--ambn IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Imcpw Ah-cpsS t]mjI kwL-S\m]h¿Ø-I-∑mcpw FØn-t®¿∂n-cp-∂p. P\p-hcn 18˛mw XnøXn at©-cn-bnse kzoI-cW tbmK-Øn¬ sh®v \hm_v kn±oJv Aen Jm≥Cu Nph∏v kzoI-c-WsØ ]cm-a¿in-®p. ""IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ tIm¨K-kp-Im-cm-sW∂v Ah-cpsS t\Xm-hmb tPmjn Xs∂ ]d-bp-tºmƒtIm¨K-kp-Imcmb IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ eoKv t\Xm-°sf kzmKXwsNøp-∂Xv Im]-Sy-am-sW∂pw IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cpsS kzoI-cWw Xß-fpsS acym-Z-sIm≠v AwKo-I-cn-®-Xm-sW∂pw IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿tIm¨K-kn¬ \n∂v hn´p-h-cp-∂Xp hsc Ahsc hniz-kn-°-cp-sX∂pwAt±lw ]d-™p.'' (am-Xr-`pan 18˛01˛45)

hSs° ae-_m-dn¬ ]te-S-ß-fnepw IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cpsS kzoI-c-W-ßƒ eoKv t\Xm-°ƒ \nc-kn-®p. sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcphm¿Øm iI-e-anXm:˛

""aoØ-te-°≠n ssaX-m\n-bn¬ \mK-kzc hmZy-tØmSp IqSnbIΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cpsS Hcp tLmj-bmX eoKv t\Xm-°sf kzoI-cn-°m≥ssaXm-\Øv ap≥ Iq´n ÿew ]nSn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ah-cpsS ametbmawKf]Xtam I¿Ω-k-anXn AwK-ßƒ kzoI-cn-®n√'' (am-Xr-`q-an)

hS-I-c-bnepw CXv Xs∂ kw -hn-®p. Fw.-sI. tIfp-hns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Hcp kwLw IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-¿ hS-I-c-bn¬ eoKv t\Xm-°sfkzoI-cn-°m-s\-Øn. enbm-JØv Aen-Jm≥ hiy-amb ]p©n-cn-tbmsSkzoI-cWw \ncm-I-cn-®p.

sNb¿am≥ dmhp _l-Zq¿ kqcy-\m-cm-b-W-ø-cpsS t\Xr-Xz-



55

Øn¬ tImgn-t°mSv ap\n-kn-∏¬ Iu¨kn¬ enbm-J-Øn\v Hcp ]uc-kzo-I-cWw \¬Ip-Ibpw awK-f-]Xw ka¿∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xe-t»-cn, IÆq¿ \K-c-k-`-I-fpw At±-l-Øn\v kzoI-c-W-ßƒ \¬In.

DSs\ h∂p sk≥S¬ Akw-ªn-bn-te°p≈ sXc-s™-Sp∏v.apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ a’-cn® afi-e-ß-fn-se√mw sR´n-∏n-°p∂ hnPbw sImbvXp. ae-_m¿- -\o-e-Kn-cn- -kuØv Im\dm \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ \n∂v A_vZp-k-Øm¿ tk´v ho≠pw sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. _m-^Jn Xßƒ kPo-h-ambn ]s¶-SpØ sXc-s™-Sp-∏m-bn-cp∂p CXv. tIµ Akw-ªn-bn-te°v apkvenw afi-e-ßƒ ap∏XvFÆ-am-bn -cp -∂p. Cu ap∏Xv afi-e-ß-fnepw apkvenw eoKvÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ hnP-bn-®p.

\nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏mWv ]n∂mse h∂-Xv. AXnepwapkvenw eoKv IcpØv ImWn-®p. aZn-cmin \nb-a-k-`-bn-te°v Ccp-]-Øn-H-ºXv apkvenw eoKv Fw.-F¬.-F.-am-cmWv sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xv.Cu hnP-b-Øns‚ ]n∂nepw _m-^Jn XßfpsS ]¶v \n¿Æm-b-I-am-sW∂v hy‡-am-°-s∏-´p.

ae-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eoKv ]kn-U≠v kp¬Øm≥ A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ Ben-cmP 1946˛¬ acn-®p. At±-l-Øns‚ Hgn-hn-te°v A_vZp-k-Øm¿ tk´v kmln_v ]kn-U-≠mbn sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. koXnkmln_v skI-´-dn-bp-am-bn.

k¶o¿Æ-amb kw -h-hn-Im-k-ß-fmWv cmjvSob cwKØv Ac-tß-dn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂-Xv. HSp-hn¬ ]mIn-ÿm≥ cq]-h-XvI-cn-°-s∏-´p.]s£ k¿t∆¥ym apkvenw eoKns‚ hn\m-i-Øn-emWv AXv Iem-in-®-Xv. ]k-hn-®-t∏mƒ X≈ acn-®p. Ip´n Pohn®p F∂Xp t]mse.

1947 PqWn¬ k¬ln-bn¬ tN¿∂ apkvenw eoKns‚ \mj-W¬ Iu¨kn¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ ]h¿Ø\w XmXvIm-en-I-ambnac-hn-∏n-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. \mep Zim-–-°m-e-ambn C¥y-bnseapkvenw P\-X-bpsS mK-t[bw \n¿Æ-bn® Hcp ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ]cy-h-km-\w.

C¥ym hn`-P-\sØ XpS¿∂v ]mIn-kvXm-\n-te°v t]mbA_vZp-k-Øm¿ tk´v kmln_v kuZn Atd-_y-bn¬ ]mIn-kvXm≥Aw_m-k-U-dmbn. ae-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eoKns‚ ]kn-U-≠m-bn-cp∂ At±-lsØ Pn∂ kmln_v kvt\l-]q¿∆w ]mIn-kvXm-\n-te°vhcm≥ \n¿_-‘n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ae-_m-dnse apkvenw cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ \nI-Øm-\m-ImØ iq\yX krjvSn®p sIm≠mWv tk´vkmln_v Idm-®n-bn-te°v t]mb-Xv.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

5657

tk´v kmln-_ns‚ Hgn-hn¬ ae-_m-dnse apkvenw eoKns\®n£-oX] .√-nb-n°-mc-ÿ-zkA csmI-pKoe ¥nN ∂F wp°nb-\-pcB

t]mse F√m-h-cp-sSbpw \mhn¬ H‰ hm°v amXw. Hc-]-i_vZw t]mep-an-√msX _m-^Jn Xßƒ ae-_m¿ Pn√m eoKns‚ ]kn-U-≠m-bn.]s£ At∏m-tg°pw C¥y-bn¬ apkvenw eoKv \mam-h-ti-j-am-bn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂p. AXv Pohn-°p-tam, \ne-\n¬°ptam F∂v ]h-Nn-°m≥

wpfI-pe-S-]s-SC bma-Z--n‡pb SspfßX nJ-m_ .√n∂-pc-nb-ma-pb-ngI_p≤n-]q¿∆--amb t\Xr-Xz-hp-amWv B kwL-S-\sb ho≠pw C¥y-bpsS sXs° ap\-ºn-se-¶nepw Xfn-c-Wn-bm≥ CS-h-cp-Øn-b-Xv.

1947˛¬ ae-_m-dnse UnkvSnIv t_m¿Un-te°v sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-∂n-cp-∂p. Cu sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń-bp-ambnkl-I-cn®v sIm≠v apkvenw eoKv a’-cn-®p. Hcp ko‰v t]mepw Inń-bn-√. CsXmcp kqN-\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw eoKv BZyw apXte sIń-∏-Sp-t°-≠-Xp≠v F∂v. iam-h-l-am-bn-cp∂p B tPmen. AN-©-e-amb a\-°-cp-tØmsS _m-^Jn Xßƒ AtX-s‰-Sp-Øp. 1947 Unkw-_¿ 14˛mw XnøXn Idm-®n-bn¬ Ah-km\ tbmKw tN¿∂ k¿t∆¥ymapkvenw eoKv Iu¨kn¬ apkvenw eoKns\ ]mIn-kvXm≥ apkvenweosK∂pw C¥y≥ apkvenw eosK∂pw c≠mbn hn`-Pn-®p. ]mIn-kvXm≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ I¨ho-\-dmbn enbm-JØv Aen-Jm-s\bpwC¥y≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ I¨ho-\-dmbn JmCsZ an√Øv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln-_n-s\bpw sXc-s™-Sp-Øp.

c≠v Xcw Nn¥m-[m-c-I-fmWv A∂v C¥y-bnse apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ apºn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv. auem\m A_vZp¬ IemwBkm-Zns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Hcp hn`mKw tZiob apkvenw t\Xm-°ƒapkvenw eoKns\ ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-°-cp-sX∂v hmZn-®p. (C-h¿ t\csØap…nw eoKn\v FXn-cm-bn-cp-∂p.) F∂m¬ JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZvCkvam-bn¬ kmln-_ns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Hcp hn`mKw t\Xm-°ƒ]nt∂m° ]oUnX hn`m-K-amb apkvenw kap-Zm-bsØ cmjvSo-b-Øn¬apJy-[m-c-bn-te-°m-\-bn-°m≥ apkvenw eoKns\ \ne-\n¿Ø-W-sa∂pwhmZn-®p.

1948 am¿®v 10˛mw XnøXn JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v apkvenw eoKv ]Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsS tbmKw aZn-cm-in-bn¬hnfn®p Iqń. C wnevkpa ≥b-nWqb ≥y¥C vWm®hs ¬nØ-\-f-Ωtk ueoKv cq]o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. CXv Hcp ]pXnb XpS-°-am-bn-cp-∂p.kzX¥ `mc-X-Ønse apkvenw P\-k-aq-l-Øns‚ cm„ob Ncn-X-Ønse it≤-b-amb hgn-Øn-cn-hv. k¿t∆¥ym apkvenw eoKns‚ ae-



57

_m¿ Pn√m bqWn‰v kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenweoKns‚ AUvtlm-°v IΩn-‰n-bmbn amdn.

C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKv cq]o-I-cWw ae-_mdnseapkvenwIfn¬ ]pXnb ]Xo-£-Iƒ hf¿Øn. Ah¿ Ft∏mgpw HcpXW¬ BK-ln-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. eoKv hn´p-t]mb ]gb t\Xm-°ƒ°v ]Icw IogvØ-´n¬ ]pXnb t\Xm-°ƒ Npa-X-e-Iƒ Gs‰-Sp-Øp-. A-h¿ ]g-b-h-cp-sS-bX ]K-¤-c-s√-¶nepw ap≈p-Iƒ hnX-dnb]mX-I-fm-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS ap∂n¬.

-pßØsImet .p®-nc-¥A ∂nP nXønX wm˛11 ¿_-wXv]ks 8491ap≈ apkvenw-Isf Zp:Jn∏n® hm¿Ø-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. C¥y-bnseF√m Kma-ß-fnepw \K-c-ß-fnepw A\p-tim-N\ tbmK-ßƒ \S-∂p.tImgn-t°mSv apX-e-°pfw ssaXm-\n-bn¬ \S∂ hºn® A\p-tim-N\tbmK-Øn\v t\XrXzw \¬In-bXv Su¨ apkvenw eoKv sshkv ]kn-

eoKv ]kn-U-≠mb _m- Jn Xßfmbn-cp∂p AXn\v ap≥I-sø-Sp-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]s£ At±lw Ipssh-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p. Pn∂-bpsS Ncahm¿Ø-b-dn™v Zp:JmIp-e-\mb _m-^Jn Xßƒ DSs\ sSeKmwaptJ\ Hcp A\p-tim-N\ ktµiw Ab®p sImSp-Øp. B ktµiwCß-s\-bmWv NµnI ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®Xv:˛

Su¨ eoKv ]kn-U-≠ns‚ ]kvXm-h-\.IpsshØv sk]vXw-_¿ 12. Ct∏mƒ Ipssh-Øn-ep≈ Su¨

apkvenw eoKv ]kn-U≠v P. kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m- Jn XßƒHcp ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ Cßs\ ]d-bp-∂p.

‚snakvAA ZsCmJ bmh-mX\t yµh esnØ-Imet wnevkpa\ncymW hm¿Ø Adn™v AXn-bmbn hyk-\n-°p-∂p. Fs‚ lm¿±-hamb A\p-tim-N\w Rm≥ tcJ-s∏-SpØn sIm≈p∂p. Pn∂m kmln-_ns‚ P\mk \a-kvImcw ASpØ sh≈n-bmgvN tImgn-t°m´pw ]pd-Øp-ap≈ F√m ]≈n-I-fnepw sh®v \S-Øp-sa∂v Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw AXn-\mbn A`y¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.'' (N-µnI 14˛9˛48)

temI t\Xm-°-fpsSbpw cmjvS-X-e-h-∑m-cp-sSbpw A\p-tim-N\ ktµ-i-ßƒ°n-S-bn-emWv ]X-ßƒ _m-^Jn XßfpsS ktµ-ihpw ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-Xv cm-jvSob cwKØv At±lw ]kn-≤n-bpsS ]S-hp-Iƒ Ibdn XpS-ßn-sb-∂-Xns‚ as‰mcp kqN-\.

_m-^Jn XßfpsS A`y¿∞\ ]Imcw tIc-f-Ønse F√m]≈n-I-fnepw Pn∂m kmln-_ns‚ P\mk \a-kvImcw \S-°p-Ibpwe£-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ At±-l-Øns‚ aKv^n-d-Øn\p th≠n ssZh-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

5859

tØmSv ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.Ime-t°-Sn\v as‰mcp kw`hw IqSn-bp-≠m-bn. sslZ-cm-_mZv

\m´p-cmPyw C¥y≥ bqWn-b-\n¬ ebn-°p-∂Xns\ sNm√n ss\kmapwC¥ym Kh¨sa‚pw XΩn¬ X¿°-ap-≠m-bn. C¥y≥ ssk\n-I¿sslZ-cm-_m-Zn-te°v IS-°p-Ibpw ss\kmw HSp-hn¬ C¥y-bp-am-bp≈eb-\-Øn\v kΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu kw -h-Øns‚ t]cn¬ Imcy-Im-cW _‘-sam-∂p-an-√msX ae-_m-dnse [mcmfw apkvenw eoKv]h¿Ø-I-∑msc AdÃv sNbvXp. _m-^Jn XßfpsS ]mkvt]m¿´vXS-™p-sh-®p. tIm¨Kkv Kh¨sa‚ v apkvenw eoKn-t\mSv Atß-b‰w iXp-Xm-]-c-amb \ne-]m-SmWv ssIsIm≠Xv. km[m-c-W-°m¿°n-S-bn¬ hntZzjw ]X™v \pc-bmbn s]m¥p-hm≥ Cu \ne-]mSv Imc-W-am-bn. Bizm-k-Øn\v th≠n D‰p-t\m-°m≥ Hcn-S-an-√msX h∂ L -Øn-emWv _m-^Jn XßfpsS Iøn¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ ISn-™mÏnń-b-Xv. _m-^Jn XßfpsS ASpØ kl-]-h¿Ø-I-cn¬ ]ecpwhn -P-\-tØmsS eoKv hn´p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p. Xm≥ ]kn-U-≠m-bn-cp∂ tImgn-t°mSv Su¨ eoKns‚ skI-´dn-bmb ]n]n. l ≥ tImb t]mepweoKn¬ \n∂v cmPn-sh-®p. Xs∂ eoKv cmjvSo-b-Øn-te-°m-I¿jn®ssltZmkv h°o¬ \n»-_vZ-\m-bn. aZmkv Akw-ªn-bnse 9 eoKvFw.-F¬.-F-am¿ H‰-b-Sn°v cmPn-sh-®p. Cu ÿnXn-bn¬ Fßs\apt∂m´v t]mIpw.?

1952˛¬ BZysØ s]mXp sXc-s™-Sp∏v h∂p. C¥y dn∏-ªn-°m-b-Xn\v tijw temIvk-`-bn-te°pw \nb-a-k-`-bn-te°pw \S-°p∂ BZysØ sXc-s™-Sp-∏v. apkvenw eoKns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw t\csØ D≠m-bn-cp∂ ]tXyI \ntbm-PI aWvUe hyhÿFSp-Øp-I-f-™n-cn-°p-∂p. s]mXp afi-e-ß-fn¬ \n∂v a’-cn-°p-I-sb∂ sh√p-hn-fn-bmWv Db¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. GXm-bmepw B sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ H∂p am‰p-c®p t\m°m≥ Xs∂ apkvenw eoKv Xocp-am-\n-®p.AXn\v ss[cyw ]I¿∂ H∂p-c≠v A\p-`hß-fp-≠m-bn. aZmkvAkw-ªn-bn¬ apkvenw eoKv Fw.-F¬.-F. Bbn-cp∂ sImb-∏-sØmSnAl-ΩZv Ipń lmPn 1950˛¬ acn-®p. ae-∏p-dØv \n∂mWv At±lwsXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xv. AhnsS \S∂ D]-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenweoKns‚ ÿm\m¿∞n-bmbn Fw.-]n.-Fw. A ≥Ipń Ipcn-°ƒ a’-cn-°p-Ibpw hnP-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AtX h¿jw ae-_m¿UnkvSnIvSv t_m¿Un-te°v h≠q-cn¬ \S∂ D]-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n F≥. ac-°m¿ kmln_pw hnP-bn-®p. Xan-gv\m-ńse cmw\mSv Pn√-bn¬ \S∂ D]-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw eoKv



59

ÿm\m¿∞n F.-sI. Pam-enbpw hnPbw hcn-®p. Cu A\p-`-h-ß-fmWv 1952˛se s]mXp sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ \nb-a-k- -bn-te°pw temIvk-`-bn-te°pw HutZym-KnI ÿm\m¿∞n-Isf \n¿Øn a’-cn-°m≥apkvenw eoKn\v ]tNm-Z\w \¬In-bXv. AtXm-sSm∏w _m-^JnXßfpsS t\Xr-]m-S-h-Øns‚ Dc-I√v IqSn-bmbn Xo¿∂p B sXc-s™-Sp-∏v. GXm-bmepw _m-^Jn Xßsf ap∂n¬ \n¿Øn sXc-s™-

Sp-∏ns‚ t]m¿°-f-Øn-te°v IpXn-°m≥ Xs∂ eoKv Xocp-am-\n-®p.

60


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

60

6sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn¬ \mb-I-\mbn

kzX-¥- m-c-X-Øn¬ temIvk- -bn-te°pw \nb-a-k- -bn-te°pwH∂m-asØ s]mXp sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-∂Xv Bbn-cØn sXm≈m-bn-cØn Aº-Øn-c≠n¬. sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]Jym-]\w tI´-t∏mƒ P\-ßƒs°√mw hfsc kt¥m-jw. Ccp-]Øn H∂v XnI-™-h-¿s°√mwthm´-h-Im-iw. At\I\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v tijw cmPm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpwtImf\n ta[m-hn-I-fp-sSbpw hmgvN°p tijw Xß-fpsS `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fm-sc∂v Xocp-am-\n-°m-\p≈ Ah-Imiw P\-ßƒ°v e`n-°m≥t]mIp-∂p. AXn\v apºv ekv_Wn¬ \n∂pw BwÃ¿Um-an¬ \n∂pw]mco-kn¬ \n∂pw e≠-\n¬ \n∂p-sam-s°-bmWv `c-Wm-[n-In-cn-Iƒh∂n-cp-∂-Xv. Ncn-X-Øn-em-Zy-ambn C¥y-°m¿ thm´p-s]- n-I-fn-eqsS Ah-cpsS Kh¨sa‚ns\ krjvSn-°m≥ t]mIp-∂p. Fßpw D’-h-Øns‚]Xo-Xn.

\ΩpsS \mń¬ cmjvSob ]m¿ń-Iƒ°v kzbw ]nf-cm-\p≈Ime-am-Wt√m sXc-s™-Sp∏v Imew. B [¿Ωw A£-cw-]Xn ]men-®p-sIm≠v BZyw ]nf¿∂Xv C¥y-bnse G‰hpw henb cmjvSob]m¿ń-bmb C¥y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨Kkv Xs∂. F.-sF.-kn.-kn.P\-d¬ skI-´-dn-bn-cp∂ BNmcy sP.-_n. Ir]m-en-\n, d^n Al-ΩZvInZvhm-bn, sI. tIf-∏≥ apX-emb s\Sp-¥q-Wp-Iƒ tIm¨K-kn¬\n∂n-f-In-t∏m-bn. Ah¿ sXc-s™Sp∏n¬ tIm¨K-kns\ FXn¿°m≥Hcp ]pXnb cmjvSob ]m¿ń-bp-≠m-°n-˛-In-km≥ akvZq¿ ]Pm-]m¿ńAYhm sI.-Fw.-]n.-]n. tIm¨K-knse Akw-Xr]vX hn`mKw apgp-h≥ Ah-tcm-sSm∏w t]mbn. Ah-sc√mw ISpØ IΩyq-WnÃv hntcm-[n-I-fp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ][m-\-a¥n ]fin‰v Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp-hns‚CS-Xp-]-£m-`n-ap-Jyhpw At±-l-Øns‚ djy≥ Nßm-Ø-hp-amWvtIm¨Kkv hnSm≥ sI.-Fw.-]n.-]n-°m¿ ]d™ Hcp Imc-Ww. djy≥amXr-I-bn-ep≈ ]©-h-’c ]≤-Xn-Ifpw Ah¿°n-jvS-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

61



61

]s£, Cu ISpØ IΩyq-WnÃv hntcm-[n-I-fp-ambn aZn-cmin kwÿm-\-Ønse IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń Hcp sXc-s™-Sp∏v kJy-ap-≠m-°n.BZysØ tIm¨Kkv hncp≤ ap∂-Wn-bmb sI.-Fw.-]n.-]n.-˛-I-Ωyq-WnÃv sFIy-ap-∂Wn Ncn-X-Øn¬ ÿm\w t\Sn. ]n¬°m-eØv\ΩpsS \mń-ep-≠mb hnNnX kJy-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw amXm-hmWv sI.-Fw.-]n.-]n-˛-I-Ωyq-WnÃv sFIy-ap-∂-Wn.

`cW I£n F∂ \ne°v F√m \ntbm-PI afi-e-ß-fnepwtIm¨Kkv H‰bv°v a’-cn-®p. Ah¿°v AXn-\m-h-iy-amb BfpwA¿∞-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. sI.-Fw.-]n.-]n-˛-I-Ωyq-WnÃv sFIy-ap-∂Wnÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ qcn-]£w afi-e-ß-fnepw a’-cn-®p. CXn\v ]pdsaA∂v C¥y-bn¬ kPo-h-am-bn-cp∂ C¥y≥ tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ńbpwAh¿°v kzm[o-\-ap≈ afi-e-ß-fn¬ ÿm\m¿∞n-Isf \n¿Øn.

apkvenw eotKm?ae-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eoKv AUvtlm°v IΩn-‰n-bpsS Hcp

]tXyI tbmKw sXc-s™-Sp∏v Imcy-ßsf Ipdn®v Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-hm≥ _m-^Jn XßfpsS A≤y-£-X-bn¬ tImgn-t°m´v ktΩ-fn-®p.Bk-∂-amb sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw-eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-Isf \n¿Øna’-cn-°-Wtam F∂ Imcyw Cu tbmK-Øn¬ Iqe-¶-i-ambn N¿®sNø-s∏- p. XymK-ßƒ Gsd kln-®m-sW-¶nepw sXc-s™-Sp∏v cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ kPo-h-ambn ]s¶-Sp-°-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p _m-^Jn XßfpsSA`n-]m-bw. aWn-°q-dp-I-ƒ \o≠p-\n∂ N¿®-Iƒ kam-]n-®Xv _m- JnXßfpsS A`n-]m-b-tØmSv F√m-hcpw tbmPn®v sIm≠m-Wv. apkvenwP\-kwJy \n¿Æm-b-I-amb GXm\pw \ntbm-PI afi-e-ß-fn¬HutZym-KnI ÿm\¿∞n-Isf \n¿Øn a’-cn-°m\pw a‰n-S-ßfn¬A`n-Im-ay-cmb I£n-c-ln-X¿°v ]n¥pW \¬Im\pw Xocp-am-\-am-bn.

e£-°-W-°n\v thm´¿am¿ ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ Hcp hºn® ]In-b-bmWv s]mXp-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v. Cu thm´¿amsc apgp-h≥ t\cn v ImWp-Ibpw Ah¿°v ]m¿ń-bpsS ktµ-i-sa-Øn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. FXn¿I£n-Iƒ \S-Øp∂ hna¿i-\-ßƒ°v adp-]Sn ]d-b-Ww. CXn-s\√mw[mcmfw ]W-s®-ehv Bh-iy-ambn hcpw. F∂m¬ apkvenw eoKns‚Iøn¬ ]W-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah-cpsS ]m¿ń ^≠v iq\yw. 1948˛¬tIc-f-Ønse BZysØ apkvenw Iem-e-b-amb mdqJv tImtf-Pns‚\n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v th≠n kmº-ØnI hnjaw t\cn-´-t∏mƒ ae-_m¿Pn√m apkvenw eoKns‚ Iøn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ kwJy apgp-h≥ (AXv 25000I hcpw) tImtf-Pn\v th≠n kw`m-h\ sNøm≥ _m-^Jn Xßƒ°vHcp aSn-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. apkvenw eoKns‚ ssIh-i-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂Hcp Im¿ hn‰p. B ]Whpw tImtfPv IΩn-‰n°v \¬In. Hcp hnZym-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

6263

`ymk ÿm]\w ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øm-\p≈ AZay-amb BKlamWv _m-^Jn Xßsf Cu _en I¿Ω-Øn\v t]cn-∏n-®Xv. ]s£ AXns‚_p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ A\p-`hthZy-am-Ip-∂-Xv Bk-∂-amb sXc-s™-Sp∏vIme-Øm-Wv. sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-te°v Cd-ßn-Øn-cn-°p-tºm-ƒ apkvenweoKn\v Imip-an√; Imdp-an-√. Imiv hmcn-Ø-cp∂ apX-em-fn-am-cpsS XpW-

-¶A SsmØt-k-mzi-nh-flB Ømc-fX nbma-pb-e-o»-nSa ™ngH .√-na-pbØn\v ]pd-s∏-Sm≥ Xs∂ apkvenw eoKv Hcp°-am-bn. B ]S-∏p-d-∏m-Sns‚ apºn¬ A¶-t®-I-h-\mbn _m-^Jn Xßƒ \S-∂p.

ae-_m-dnse GXm\pw afi-e-ß-fn¬ apkvenw eoKvÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ t\man-t\-j≥ \¬In. tIm¨K-kns\ tXm¬]n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p s]mXp X¥w. ]s£, AXn\p ]I-c-ambn IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Imsc hnP-bn-∏n-°m≥ ]Xyb imkvX-]-c-amb AI¬® apkvenweoKns\ A\p-h-Zn-®n-√. eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ a’-cn-°mØ afi-e-ß-fn¬ tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń ÿm\m¿∞n-I-tfm-Sm-bn-cp∂p eoKvthm´¿am¿°v Iºw-˛-D-Zm-l-cWw hS-Ic. B afi-e-Øn¬ eoKn\vAkwªn ÿm\m¿∞n D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ tkmjy-enÃvÿm\m¿∞n-bmb tItfmØv sambvXp lmPnsb eoKv ]n¥p-W-®p.hS-I-c-bnse sI.-Fw.-]n.-]n-˛-I-Ωyq-WnÃv sFIy-ap-∂Wn ÿm\m¿∞n-bpsS \ma-\n¿tZi ]XnI X≈n-t∏m-b-Xn-\m¬ Ah¿°pw AhnsSÿm\m¿∞n-bn-√msX h∂p. Ah-cpsS ]n¥p-Wbpw Inń sambvXp

bmb-n∞¿m\mÿ vkK¨mIt nPml pXvbmas bm\-mh-yKm .v°nPmlF. NmØp amÃ¿s°-Xnsc Ffp-∏-hn-Pbw Is≠-Øn.

G‰hpw hodp‰ a’cw \S-∂Xv hb-\mSv Akwªn afi-e-SsnhC .p∂pc-nbmae-fia IP-mbtn\ KwmbzZ pcmXsC .p∂-pc-nb-me-nØ

P\-d¬ ko‰nse tIm¨Kkv ÿm\m¿∞n tImgn-∏p-dØv am[htat\m≥ kzmX¥y kac \mb-I\pw ]apJ tIm¨Kkv t\XmhpwaZmkv Kh¨sa-‚ns‚ ]i-kvX-\mb \nba a¥n-bp-am-bn-cp∂p At±-lsØ FXn-cn-´Xv tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń-bnse ]fl-]`m Ku≠¿

-pXm]s vSm\t-nk-K¨mIt .wmb-d] v∂Ws-ma-J-pa-pXp] ¬nØ-b-oSvjmchnepw tImgn-∏p-d-Øn-t\mSv hnti-jn®pw ISpØ hntcm-[-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂

wc’a SsmXtA .p®-n]-myJ] Wp¥n] v°-]-fl] n´¿m] vÃnW-qyΩIXo∏m-dp-∂-Xmbn. tImgn-t°mSv _mdnse ]apJ A`n-`m-j-I-\mb Sn.-kn. Icp-Wm-I-c≥ F∂ I£n cln-X-\m-bn-cp∂p ChnsS apkvenw eoKv]n¥pW \¬Ip∂ ÿm\m¿∞n. it≤-b-amb XntImW a’-cw.sFXn-lm-kn-I-amb sXc-s™-Sp∏v bp≤w. tImS-a-™ns‚ \mń¬Xo°-\-ep-Iƒ tImcn-sbm-gn® a’-cw. BZn-hmkn Ducp-I-fn¬ Bhn]d-°p∂ Bth-iw.



63

Sn.-kn. Icp-Wm-I-cs\ hnP-bn-∏n-°m-\p≈ Blzm-\-hp-ambn_m- Jn Xßƒ Xma-c-t»cn Npchpw Ibdn ]›n-a-L- -Øns‚ Xmgvh-c-bn-se-Øn. ]s£ hb-\m-ń¬ _m-^Jn Xßƒ°v hºn® hc-th¬∏√ e`n-®-Xv. tIm¨K-kns‚ i‡n-Zp¿§-am-bn-cp∂p hb-\m-Sv.KW-\o-b-amb apkvenw P\-kw-Jy-bp-s≠-¶nepw apkvenwenKv]h¿Ø\w AhnsS ssiih Zi-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. hb-\m- nse apkvenweoKns‚ ]g-b-Ime t\Xmhpw Ihnbpw Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\p-amb ]n.-Fw.FXßƒ sXc-s™-Sp∏v apJØv \n∂v sIm≠v Cßs\ Fgp-Xp∂p:˛

""hb-\m- nse hc≠ cmjvSo-bm-¥-co-£-Øn\v ]pXp-abpw kPo-h-Xbpw ssIh-∂p. tbmK-ßfpw ]I-S-\ß-fpw hml-\-ß-fpsS Nodn-∏m-bepw XIr-Xn-bm-bn. tIm¨K-kns‚ tIm´-I-fn¬ tkmjy-enÃv]m¿ń sh√p-hn-fn-I-fp-b¿Øn. ]fl-]-`-bpsS t]mÃ-dp-Ifpw _m\-dp-Ifpw Nnte-S-ß-fn¬ Iodn \in-∏n-°-s∏-´p. tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń ]Xm-I-Iƒ ]n®n-®o-¥n. F∂m¬ Ahn-S-ß-fn-se-√mw tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń]h¿Ø-I¿ ]S-tbm´w \S-Øn. ]e-bn-S-ß-fnepw tIm¨K-kp-Im-cpsS]Xm-I-Ifpw \in-∏n-°-s∏-´p. F√m-‰n-s‚bpw tIµ-amb I¬∏-‰-bn¬cm∏-I-en-√msX Ce-£≥ tImem-l-e-am-Wv. F∂m¬ io. Icp-Wm-I-c\v th≠n-bp≈ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-sfm∂pw \S-∂n-√. i‡-amb Hcp Ce-£≥ IΩn-‰n-tbm, a‰p kwhn-[m-\-ßtfm hb-\m-ń¬ Fhn-sS-bp-an-√.io. Iqfp-cns‚ ]N-cW cwKhpw XWpØp InS-∂p. hb-\m-ń¬apkvenw kwL-S-\-bn√ F∂v Xs∂-bmWv CXn-s\mcp ][m\ Imc-Ww. Zqsc \n∂v h∂ A]-cn-Nn-X-cmb kzX¥ ÿm\m¿∞n-Isf P\-ßƒ Fßs\ ]cn-K-Wn-°pw.?''

Cu L´-Øn-em-sW∂v tXm∂p∂p eoKv t\Xmhv kønZvA_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m-^Jn Xßƒ hb-\m-ń¬ Hcp ]cy-S\w \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. ta∏m-Sn-bn¬ io. aq m kmln_v At±-lsØ BZ-cn®v kzoI-cn®p. am\-¥-hmSn SuWnepw GXm\pw apkvenw-Iƒ At±-lsØ kzoI-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

""hSs° hb-\m- nse Xcp-h-W-bn¬ P:Xßsf ]kw-Kn-°m≥A\p-h-Zn-®n-√. kp¬Øm≥ _tØ-cn-bn¬ "_m-^Jn Xßƒ Xncn®pt]m' F∂v hnfn®p ]d™v i_vZp-ap-≠m-°n. C]-Im-c-sa√mw At±-lsØ A]-am-\n®Xv tIm¨K-kp-Im-cmb apkvenw-Iƒ amX-am-sW-∂mWv Adn-hv.' (apkvenw eoKv hb-\m- n¬, ]n.-Fw.-F.-X-ßƒ, l_o_vkvamcI thZn, hb-\m-Sv)

Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amb B sXc-s™-Sp∏v bmX-bn¬ _m-^JnXßsf \ngep t]mse A\p-K-an® ]ikvX ]X-]-h¿Ø-I≥ Fw.Ben-°p™n Hc-\p-`hw hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv t\m°pI: ˛


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

6465

""............-sXs° ae-_m-dnse sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒIgn™v _m-^Jn Xßfpw Rm\pw tImgn-t°m-s´-Øn. ]ns‰ Znhkw_m-^Jn Xßfpw akvlq¿ Xßfpw Rm\pw IqSn Hcp Imdn¬ hb-\m-ń-te°v ]pd-s∏-´p. ]pXp-∏m-Sn-bn-se-Øn-b-t∏m-tg°v Imdv NoØ-bm-bn.thsd Imdv In´m-\n-√. _ p-Iƒ \n¿ØmsX IpXn®v ]mbp-∂p.temdn°v ssIIm- m≥ _m- Jn Xßƒ \n¿tZ-in-®p. temdn-°mcpw Nodn-s°m≠p t]mIp-∂p. hm®nse kqNn 11. 12. 1 F∂n-ßs\ kabw ImWn-°p-∂p. hni∏pw Zmlhpw NqSpw Ak-lyw. Hcp temdn h∂p. ssIIm-´msX Xs∂ AXv \n¿Øn. AXn¬ temdnbpS-a-bmb Gtf-‰n-°m-c≥ac-°m¿ Ipń lmPn-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Rß-sf-Ip-dn-®-t\z-jn-®p. ]\-a-c-sØ-ØWw. am¿§w ImWp-∂n-s√∂v _m-^Jn Xßƒ ]d-™p. "temdn-bn¬ Ib-dmtam?' F∂m-bn-cp∂p ac-°m¿ Ipń lmPn-bpsS ]Xn-I-c-Ww. "temdn-bpsS ]n∂n-tem, tSm∏ns‚ ]pdtØm thW-sa-¶n¬ Ib-dmw. t]mbm¬ aXn' F∂m-bn-cp∂p _m-^Jn XßfpsS]Xyp-Ø-cw. _m-^Jn Xßƒ temdn-bn¬ ssUh-dpsS ASp-ØmbpwRßƒ temd-n-bpsS ]n∂n¬ Nm°n\v aotXbpw Ibdn bmX-Xp-S¿∂p.I¬∏-‰-bn-se-Øn. AhnsS Cd-ßn. Ahn-SsØ Hcp ]am-Wn-bpsS "Imdv'tNmZn-®p. "Imdv D≠v. ]s£ AXn≥ta¬ tIm¨Kkv sImSn-bp≠vAgn-°-Wtam' F∂m-bn-cp∂p ]am-Wn-bpsS tNmZyw. B tNmZy-Øn¬Hcp kqN-\-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw eoKv am[-h-ta-t\ms\ klm-bn-°p-sa∂ Hcp [mcW tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ ]c-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. AXv icn-bmtWm F∂ At\z-j-W-tam, ]co-£-Wtam BWv B tNmZy-Øn¬A¥¿eo\-am-bn-cp-∂Xv. _m- Jn Xßƒ B kµ¿ -Øn¬ AXv Adn-bp-I-bn-√. "B sImSn FSp-t°-≠. AhnsS \nt∂ms´' F∂ _m-^JnXßfpsS adp-]Sn B ]am-Wn°v Bizmkw \¬In. B ]am-Wn-bm-ht´ am[-h-ta-t\m\v th≠n ]h¿Øn-°p∂ Bfm-Wv. B ]am-WnbpwRß-tfm-sSm∏w Ibdn ]\-a-c-sØ-Øn. ]\-a-cØv Hcp henb tImºu-≠p≈ hoń-se-Øp-tºmƒ A©p aWn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B hoSns‚ ap‰ØvtIm¨Kkv sImSn-sh® H´-[nIw hepXpw sNdp-Xp-amb Imdp-Iƒ.hoń¬ hb-\m-ńse hnhn[ `mK-ß-fn-ep≈ ]ap-Jcpw ]am-Wn-amcpw_m-^Jn Xßsfbpw ]Xo-£n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. tIm¨Kkv sImSn sh®Imdn¬ _m-^Jn Xßƒ Cd-ßn-b-t∏mƒ AhnsS IqSn-bn-cp-∂-h¿°p-≠mb BÀm-Z-hpw, Bizm-khpw apJØv kv pcn-®n-cp-∂p. hn`h kar-≤-amb kZy AIØv Xøm-dm-°n-bn-´p-≠v. DuWv Ign°mw F∂v ho´p-Sa ]d-™p. DuWv Ign-°m-\n-cp-∂p. Ipie ]iv\-ßƒ \S∂psIm≠n-cns° Hcp ]amWn ]d™p:˛ "Xßƒ h∂Xv Bizm-k-am-bn. Rßƒ Bi-b-°p-g-∏-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. ChnsS Ipń-Iƒ Hmtcm∂v



65

Ipg-®p-c-f-bm-°nb tNmdv tπ‰n-en´v sIm≠v _m-^Jn Xßƒ tNmZn-®p. "Bi-b-°p-g-∏w F¥mWv'? Ah-cpsS adp-]Sn: "apkvenw eoKvtIm¨Kkns\ klm-bn-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv Rßƒ [cn-®-Xv. ChnsSIpń-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p. "eoKn\v thsd ÿm\m¿∞n-bp-s≠-∂v.' XßƒtIm¨Kkv sImSn-sh® Imdn¬ h∂Xv sIm≠v Ipń-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv

_m-^Jn XßfpsS apJw Nph-∂p."apkvenw eoKns‚ Xocp-am\w tIm¨K-kns\ klm-bn-°m-\-

√, FXn¿°m-\m-Wv. AXv amX-a√ FXn¿Øv tXm¬∏n-°m-\m-Wv.AXn\v Dd®p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. eoKn\v thsd ÿm\m¿∞n-bp-s≠∂vIpń-Iƒ ]d-™Xv icn-bm-Wv. am[h tat\m-t\mSv hy‡n-]-c-ambnF\n°v kvt\lhpw _lp-am-\hpw D≠v. ]s£ AXv Fs‚ ]m¿ń-bpsS Xocp-am-\-Øn\v _m[-I-a-√. Rm≥ eoKns‚ Hcp Ffnb `S-\m-Wv. eoKns‚ I¬∏\ F¥mtWm AXv \S-∏n-em-°m≥ Rm≥ _m[y-ÿ-\m-Wv. B ISa \n¿∆-ln-°m-\mWv Rm≥ h∂-Xv. B IS-a-bpsS\n¿h-l-W-Øn¬ \ns∂m-gn™p amdm≥ F\n°v km[y-a-√. hy‡n-]-c-amb kvt\lw sIm≠m-Wv Cu DuWv \¬In-b-sX-¶n¬ Rm≥ Ign-°mw. tIm¨K-kns\ klm-bn-°m≥ h∂p F∂ \ne-°mWv CuDusW-¶n¬ F\n°o `£Ww Ign®p IqSm' B ]amWn h¿§wH∂msI sRń. ho´p-Sa DSs\ ]d™p:˛

"Rm≥ \¬Inb DuWn\v cmjvSo-bhpw sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-ambnHcp _‘-hp-an-√. Rm≥ Xßƒ°v hy‡n-]-c-ambn \¬Inb DuWm-Wn-Xv.'

_m-^Jn Xßƒ ]p©n-cn-®p.F∂n´v tNmdp Ign-®p."C\n \ap°v `£Ww Ign-®n´v kwkm-cn°mw F∂v ]d™v

B kw`m-j-W-Øn\v hncm-a-an-´p. DuWv Ign™v ]pdØv h∂v hcm-¥-bn¬ Ccp-∂p. apkvenw eoKns\ klm-bn-°m≥ \nß-fn¬ Bsc-¶nepwapt∂m´v hcptam F∂m-bn-cp∂p _m-^Jn XßfpsS tNmZyw. ]am-Wn-amcpw P∑n-amcpw apX-em-fn-amcpw AS-ßnb kaqlw H‰°pw sX‰-°p-ambn clky kw`m-jWw \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

"Rß-sf√mw tIm¨K-kns\ klm-bn-°m-sa∂v hmKvZØwsNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. hmKvZ-Øn¬ \n∂v ]n∑m-dm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. Xßƒshdp-°-cp-Xv.' F∂m-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS ad-p]-Sn.

"hmKvZØw ]men-°pI Xs∂ thWw. \nß-fpsS hmKvZØw\nßƒ ]men®p sIm≈pI. apkvenw eoKns‚ Xocp-am\w \S-∏n-em-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

6667

°m≥ Rßƒ Dd-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXv \S-∏n-em-°m≥ Rßfpw ian-°pw. P\-ln-X-a-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn°pw hnP-bw. ]s£ hy‡n htZz-j-ap-≠m-h-cp-Xv' F∂m-bn-cp∂p _m-^Jn XßfpsS A\p-im-k-\w.

"eoKns‚ ÿm\m¿∞n°v hnP-bn-°m-\p≈ km[yX ChnsSC√ F∂m-bn-cp∂p Hcp ]am-Wn-bpsS A`n-]m-bw'.

_m-^Jn Xßƒ Xncn-®-Sn-®p. "Rm≥ AXv kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p.]s£ tIm¨K-kns\ tXm¬]n-°p-hm-\p≈ Ignhv eoKn-\n-hnsSDt≠m F∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°-Ww. AXmWv eoKns‚ \ne-]m-Sv.'£_m- JnXßfpsS adp-]Sn ]amWn h¿§sØ H∂-S¶w sNmSn-∏n-®p. tImºu-≠ns‚ ]pdØv Hcp Iq´w bphm-°ƒ \n¬°p-∂p-≠m-bn-∂p. Ah-cn-sem-cmƒ Fs∂ hnfn®p ]d-™p. "Cu ]am-Wn°v _lp-P\ ]n¥p-W-bn-√. AXv shfn-hm-°-Ww. F∂n´v Xß-fpsS D]-tZiw tIƒ°-Ww.' Rm≥ hnhcw _m-^Jn XßtfmSv ]d-™p. At±lw ]am-Wn-am-tcmSv tNmZn-®p.

"ChnsS Ipsd sNdp-∏-°m¿ ]pd-Øp-≠v. Ah¿°v Ft∂mSvkwkm-cn-°-W-sa-∂p-≠v. AXn\v Xß-fpsS Cu tImºu≠v A\p-h-Zn®v Xcptam?

ho´p-Sa DSs\ kΩXw \¬In.sNdp-∏-°m¿ Iq´-ambn h∂p ]d-™p."apkvenw eoKv FSpØ Xocp-am\w \S-∏n-em-°m≥ Rßƒ Xøm-

dm-Wv. AXn\v th≠n F¥v hnebpw sImSp-°p∂Xv Rßƒ°v kt¥m-j-am-Wv. AXv sIm≠v sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]h¿Ø\w \S-Øm≥ Bh-iy-amb \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ XcnI'

_m-^Jn XßfpsS apJØv ]Imiw IqSn.apX-em-fn-am-cpsS apJw hnf-dn."Rm≥ Ah-tcmSv c≠v hm°v ]d-t™ms´' F∂v ]d™v

sIm≠v P:Xßƒ bphm-°-tfmSv Cßs\ ]d-™p."\nßƒ Hcp \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-°p-tºmƒ ]ntºm´pw aptºm´pw

t\m°-Ww. apkvenw eoKns‚ Xocp-am\w \S-∏n-em-°m≥ \nßƒ Xøm-dm-b-Xn¬ Rm≥ k¥p-jvS-\m-Wv. ]s£, AXns‚ ]Xym-Lm-X-ß-sfbpw ]Xn-_-‘-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®p IqSn \nßƒ Nn¥n-°-Ww.t]meokv tIm¨Ã-_nƒ XpSßn sF.-Pn. hsc-bp≈ t]meo-kv, dh-\yq, knhn¬ kssπkv F∂o Un∏m¿´p-sa‚p-I-fn-te DtZym-K-ÿ∑m¿AS-°-ap≈ Kh¨sa‚ v, ]_-e-amb tIm¨K-kv, ]mtZ-i-nItIm¨Kkv t\Xm-°fpw ]h¿Ø-Icpw Cu Ccn-°p∂ ]am-Wn-amsc√mw \nßƒs°-Xn-cm-bn-cn-°pw. Ah-tcm-SmWv \nßƒ sXc-s™-Sp∏v cwKØv a√n-tS-≠-Xv. F\nt°m Fs‚ ]m¿´nt°m \nßsf klm-



67

bn-°m-\m-Ip∂ ]cn-ÿn-Xn-b√ C∂p-≈-Xv. Hcp ]©m-bØv t_m¿UvAwK-Xztam Hcp hnt√Pv Hmô-k-dp-am-bp≈ kº¿°tam \nßƒ°p-≠m°n Xcm≥ F\nt°m Fs‚ ]m¿ńt°m C∂v km[y-a-√. F\n°v\nß-tfmSv hmKvZØw sNøm≥ Htc-sbmcp kwK-Xnsb D≈q. AXv as‰m-∂p-a-√- -]-cn-]q¿Æ \n -lm-b-X- -F∂v sh®m¬ ASn-sIm-≠m¬ HXpßn\n¬°p-I, X√v Inń-bm¬ an≠m-Xn-cn-°pI. CXmWv eoKn\v th≠n]h¿Øn-®m¬ \nßƒ°p-≠m-hp∂ Ah-ÿ. \nßƒ AXv F¥n\pth≠n sNøp∂p? AsXm∂v Rm≥ Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Ømw. apkvenw-Iƒ H‰-s°- mbn \n∂m¬ Ah-cpsS i_vZw Ah-K-Wn-°m-\m¿°pw Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Ahsc Ah-tl-fn-°p-hm\pw Bhn-√. Aßs\ kpi-‡-amb Hcpkmap-Zm-bnI cmjvSob kwL-S\ sIń-∏-Sp-°m≥ km[n-°pw.

ae-_m-dnse Hcp \n¿Wm-bI i‡n-bmbn Xocpw B kwL-S-\. AXn-te°v th≠n \nßƒ hcn® XymK-am-bn-cn°pw ]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fn¬ \n∂v \nßƒt°¬°p∂ a¿±-\-ßƒ..... Hcp Imcyw Rm≥ Dd-∏n®pw Xd-∏n®pw ]d-bp-∂p. AXv as‰m-∂p-a-√. \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\amXw b-s∏-Sp-I. A√m-lp-hns\ b-s∏- m¬ \nßƒ temI-Øm-scbpw`b-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√. A√m-lp-hns\ `b-s∏-SmsX a‰p-≈-hsc `b-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nßƒ ]q®-sbbpw Fen-sbbpw `b-s∏-tS≠n hcpw.A√mlp \sΩ klm-bn-°s´ F∂ ]m¿∞-\-bmWv F\n°v\nßƒ°v \¬Im-\p≈Xv. ]Whpw Gj-Wnbpw òj-Wnbpw\nßƒs°-Xn-cmbn D≠m-Ipw. B L´-ß-fn-se√mw ]X-dm-sX, NnX-dmsX H‰-s°-´mbn apt∂m´v \oßp-I. A√mlp \ΩpsS al-ØmbkwL-S-bpsS AÿnXzw \ne-\n-dp-Ø-s´. AXns‚ A¥ pw A`n-am-\hpw Db¿Ø-s´. hy‡n-hn-tZzjw \nßƒs°m-cn-°epw D≠m-h-cp-Xv. \nß-fpsS FXn¿ tNcn-bn-ep-≈-h¿ C∂-s√-¶n¬ \msf \nß-fpsSIqsS H∂n®v ]h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXn\v A√mlp klm-bn-°s´''

Fw. Ben-°p™n kmln-_ns‚ A\p-`-h-hn-hcWw Cßs\XpS-cp-∂p.

_m- Jn XßfpsS ]kwKw Ahn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ bphm-°-fn¬ Hcp \h-ssN-X\yw Df-hm-°n. P∑n-˛-ap-X-em-fn-am-cn¬ Hc-¶-em-∏pw._m-^Jn Xßfmhs´ Ah-tcm-sS√mw ]q¿∆m-[nIw kvt\l _lpam-\-tØmsS bmX ]d™p ]ncn-™p. Ah-cn-sem-cmƒ Xs‚ Im¿tIm¨Kkv sImSn Agn®v _m-^Jn Xßƒ°v tImgn-t°m-t´°vt]mIm≥ hn´p-sIm-Sp-Øp.

hb-\m-ń¬ A∂v ZzbmwK \ntbm-P\ afi-e-am-bn-cp-∂p.Hcmƒ°v c≠v thm´p-I-fp-≠m-bn-c-∂p. apX-em-fn-am¿ ]Nm-c-th-e-bpsSAShv H∂v am‰n. Hcp thm´v _m-^Jn XßfpsS ÿm\m¿∞n Sn.-kn.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

6869

Icp-Wm-I-c\pw at‰Xv am[-h-ta-t\m\pw Bhs´ F∂mbn ]Nm-c-th-e. AXns‚ Ae-sbmen tImgn-t°m-s´-Øn. DSs\ _m-^Jn Xßƒhb-\m-ń-te°v ]pd-s∏-´p. NµnI Hmô-kn¬ h∂v Fs∂bpw Iqń.hb-\m-ń¬ ae-tbm-c-ß-fn¬ ]®-s°mSn ]mdn-°-fn-°p-∂p. Hcp D’-h-Øns‚ ]Xo-Xn-bm-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ae-ap-I-fnepw ae-s©-cn-hnepw P.-X-ßƒ Imdp-ambn HmSn-sb-Øn. Imdn\v t]mIm≥ kuI-cy-an-√m-tØ-S-ß-fn¬ Po∏pw. apkvenw eoKn\v th≠n thm´v sNøp-∂h¿ Ah-cpsSc≠v thm´pw kzX¥ ÿm\m¿∞n Sn.-kn. Icp-Wm-I-c\v sNø-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p _m-^Jn XßfpsS DZvt_m-[-\w. Hcp thm´v Akm-[p-hm-Ipw. (_m-^Jn Xßƒ kvamcI KŸw, 1973) _m-^Jn Xßƒ t]cvsh®v H∏n´ Hcp A`y¿∞\ thm´¿amcn¬ henb êw D≠m-°n-sb∂v sXc-s™-Sp∏v hnZ-Kv[-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂p. h\n-X-Iƒ°n-S-bn-emWvCXv henb kzm[o\w sNep-Øn-bXv. B A`y¿∞\ CXmWv:˛

""hb-\mSv \ntPm-bI afi-e-Ønse apkvenw thm´¿am-cpsSi≤°v kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m-^Jn XßfpsS -(Pn√m apkvenweoKv ]kn-U-≠v) A`y¿∞-\.

"ASpØv hcp∂ s]mXp-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw-I-fpsSthm´p-Iƒ apkvenw-I-fpsS GI kwL-S-\-bmb apkvenw eoKv klm-bn-°p∂ ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fmb io. Sn.-kn. Icp-Wm-I-cs‚, Aºpw hn√pwAS-bm-f-ap≈ s]ń-bnepw ]m¿e-sas‚ v ÿm\m¿∞n io. B¿.F≥.Ipfq-cns‚ "tXmWn-s∏ń'bnepw amXw \t£-]n-°m≥ A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p.

apkvenw eoKv \mSns‚ s]mXp-Kp-W-Øn\v th≠n Ft∏mgpw]cn-i-an-®n-´p-≈Xpw C\nbpw ]cn-i-an-°p-∂-Xp-am-I-bm¬ B kwL-S\bpsS ]n¥p-W-bp≈ ÿm\m¿∞n-Isf klm-bn-°-W-sa∂v ktlm-Zc kap-Zm-b-Øn¬s]´ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tcmSpw Rm≥ A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p.''

hb-\m-ń¬ apkvenw eoKv sIń-∏-Sp-°m-\p≈ kµ¿`-am-bmWv_m-^Jn Xßƒ Cu sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns\ IW-°m-°n-b-Xv. Ihnbpw]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\p-amb ]n.-Fw.F Xßƒ hb-\m-ńse B Ime-Øp-≠mb as‰mcp A\p-`hw hnh-cn-°p-∂p:

""..........-`-£-Wm-\-¥cw `h-\-Øns‚ ap‰Øv Hcp Itk-c-bn-´p.P\m_v _m-^Jn Xßƒ B Itk-c-bn¬ Ccp-∂-t∏mƒ a‰p-≈-h¿Np‰pw IqSn-\n-∂p. _m-^Jn Xßsf Rm≥ BZy-ambn t\cn¬ ImWp-I-bm-Wv. At±lw Xt‚-Xm-b mj-bnepw ssien-bnepw ]kw-Kn-°m≥XpS-ßn. apkvenw kap-Zmbw C¥y-bn¬ t\cn-Sp∂ Zpc-¥-ßsf Ipdn®vAt±lw ]d-™p. apkvenw \yq\-]£w Iq´-°-im-∏n\v hnt[-b-am-bn-cn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xns\ ]‰n a\w s\m¥v sIm≠v kwkm-cn-®p. C¥y-



69

bn¬ kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ A\m-Y-Xz-Ønepw i_vZn-°m≥ thZ-\-bn-√mØ]cn-Xm] Ah-ÿbpw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®-t∏mƒ At±-l-Øns‚ sXm≠-bn-S-dn. ]ns∂ Ic-™p-sIm≠v Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p kwkmcw. apkvenw-Iƒ H∂n®p \n¬°-W-sa∂pw Ah¿°vkw-L-S\ thW-sa∂pwapkvenw eoKv Xs∂-bm-Wv Ah-cpsS kwL-S-\-sb∂pw lrZ-b-kv]r-°mb mj-bn¬ P\m_v Xßƒ hni-Z-am-°n. kwL-S-\sb ]pjvSn-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p≈ i‡-amb DZvt_m-[-\-Øns‚ CS-bnepw At±lw Ic-bp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. IqSn-bn-cp-∂-h-sc√mw At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w tXßn-°-c-bm≥ XpS-ßn. timXm-°-fpsS lrZb akvXn-jvI-ß-fn¬ tImfn-f°wkrjvSn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p kwkmcw. Hcp \o≠ ]m¿∞-\-tbmsS kZ v]ncn-™p. P\m-_v X-ßƒ Fßns\ h∂p Ft∂m t]msbt∂m F\n-°-dn-bn-√. Hcp Nmb-t]mepw Ign-°msX Xf¿∂p t]mb Rm≥ kzbwad∂p Ign-™n-cp-∂p. P. _m-^Jn XßfpsS DZvt_m-[\w Fs‚Bflm-hn¬ DW¿Øn-hn´ hnImcw sNdp-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√. i‡-amb HcpDƒhnfn lrZ-bm-¥-c-ßsf ]I-º\w sIm≈n-®p.'' ("apkvenw eoKv hb-\m- n¬', ]n.-Fw.-F. Xßƒ). hb-\m-Sns‚ GtXm HmWw-tI-dm-aq-e-bn¬\S∂ Hcp tbmK-Øns‚ ZrIvkm£n hnh-c-W-amWv ]n.-Fw.-F- X-ßƒ\¬In-b-Xv. Aßs\ FX-sbX tbmK-ßƒ!

sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tImgn-∏p-dØv am[h tat\m≥ ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p. tkmjy-en-Ãp-Im-c-\mb ]fl-]` Ku≠¿ hnP-bn-®p. apkvenweoKns‚ ]n¥p-W-bp≈ Sn.-kn. Icp-Wm-I-c≥ ]sØm-ºXn\m-bncwthm´p-Iƒ t\Sn hb-\m-ń¬ ]_-e-amb aq∂mw i‡n-bpsS \nd-km-∂n[yw hnfn-®-dn-bn-®p. Sn.-kn. Icp-Wm-I-c\v 19000 Akm[p thm´p-IfpwInń-bn-cp-∂p. c≠v thm´p-Ifpw Icp-Wm-I-cs‚ s]ń-bn¬ \nt£-]n-°-W-sa∂ _m- Jn XßfpsS D]-tZiw thm´¿am¿ kzoI-cn-®p-sh∂Xn\vsXfn-hm-Wv. km[p thm´p-Iƒ°v Xpey-ambn e`n® Akm[p thm´p-Iƒ.

apkvenw eoKn\v Bflhnizmkw hf¿Øp-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p sXc-s™-Sp∏v ê-ßƒ. Ah-cpsS A©v Fw.-F¬.-F. amcpw Hcp Fw.-]n.bpw hy‡-a-bmb `qcn-]-£-tØmsS sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´p.

Xncq-cn¬ \n∂v P\m_v sI. D∏n kmln_vae-∏p-dØv \n∂v P. sI.-Fw. koXn kmln_vs]cn-¥¬a-Æ-bn¬ \n∂v P. sI.-sI. apl-ΩZv jm^n

tIm´-°¬ \n∂v P. Nm°ocn Al-ΩZv Ipń.ae-∏pdw kwhcW ko‰n¬ io. Fw. NS-b≥F∂n-h-cmWv hnP-bn® apkvenw eoKv AwK-ßƒ. ae-∏pdw

temIv-k`m afi-eØn¬ _n. t]m°¿ kmln_pw sXc-s™-Sp-°-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

7071

s∏-´p. ae-_m-dn¬ apkvenw eoKn\v A©v Fw.-F¬.-F.-amsc hnP-bn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-™-t∏mƒ tIm¨K-kn\v e`n-®Xv \mev AwK-ßƒamXw. Ch-scbpw sIm≠v aZn-cm-in-bn-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ tIm¨K-kn\v\nb-a-k-`-bnepw `qcn-]-£-an-√. ]n. cma-aq¿Øn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬]Xn-]£ AwK-ßƒ kwL-Sn -X-ambn Hcp tIm¨K- nXcKh¨sa‚ v cq]o-I-cn-°m-\p≈ Xoh-amb ]cn-i-a-ßƒ Bcw-`n-®p.]s£ Cu DZy-a-Øn\v apkvenw eoKv ]n¥pW sImSp-Øn-√. A∂sØkml-N-cy-Øn¬˛ I¬°Øm Xoko-kn-s‚bpw sXep-¶m\ Iem-]-Øn-s‚bpw Icn-\n-gen¬ \n¬°p∂ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-sb A[n-Im-c-Øn-te-‰p-∂Xv A`n-Im-ay-a√ F∂m-bn-cp∂p apkvenw eoKns‚ A`n-]m-bw. tIm¨K-kv \nb-a-k`m ]m¿ń eoU-dmb kn. cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nmcn HutZym-Kn-I-ambn Xs∂ apkvenw eoKn-t\mSv ]n¥pW Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw apkvenw- eoKv cmPm-Pn°v \ncp-]m-[n-I-ambn ]n¥pW ]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn\v ]I-c-ambn `c-W-k-Jy-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-Ø-tam, a¥n-k-`-bn¬ AwK-Xztam apkvenw eoKv Bh-iy-s∏-ń-√.cmPmPn ]e XhW D∏n kmln-_ns\ t\cn´v I≠v Xs‚ a¥n-k-`-bn¬ tNcm≥ £-Wn-®p-sh-¶nepw At±lw Hgn-™p-am-dp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p ]Xn-hv. mdqJv tImtf-Pns‚ AwKo-Imcw, Ip‰n-∏pdw ]mew ]Wn-b¬, tImgn-t°ms´ enhm-D¬ Ckvemw ]≈n \n¿Ωn-°m-\p-≈ A\p-hmZw F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ Nne s]mXp Bh-iy-ßƒ amX-amWv apkvenweoKv ]Icw tNmZn-®-Xv.

_m- Jn Xßsf Aa-c-Øn-cpØn sIm≠v apkvenw eoKv BZy-ambn \S-Ønb cmjvSob ka-c-am-bn-cp∂p 1952- se H∂mw s]mXp sXc-s™-Sp-∏v. B A·n-]-co-£-bn¬ _m- Jn Xßƒ°p≈ ]mShw ]m¿ń-°p-≈n¬ ]iw-kn-°-s∏- p. ae-_m-dnse F√m \m´p aqe-I-fnepw sXc-s™-Sp∏v hnti-j-ß-fp-ambn At±lw HmSn-sb-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. Kma-ßfpw\K-c-ßfpw At±-l-Øns‚ hm°p-Iƒ°v sNhn-tbm¿Øp. sN√p-∂n-S-ß-fn-se√mw apkvenw kap-Zmb AwK-ßsf ImWp-tºmƒ Imdv \n¿Øp-Ibpw Ah-tcmSv t£a-mt\z-j-W-ßƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn\vtijw AhnsS apkvenw eoKns‚ Hcp imJ IΩn‰n cq]o-I-cn-°-W-sa∂v Ahsc D]-tZ-in-°pw. Ipd®v Znh-k-ßƒ°Iw AhnsS apkvenweoKv IΩn‰n h∂n-cn-°pw F∂p-d-∏v. Aßs\bmW-t±lw ae-_m-dn-ep-S-\ofw apkvenw eoKv kwL-S\m ku[-Øn\v Xd-sbm-cp-°n-b-Xv. A¬]h¿jsØ ]h¿Ø\ ]cn-Nbw sIm≠v Xs∂ _m-^Jn Xßƒ HcpanI® kwL-mS-\-I-\m-sW∂ kXyw shfn-hm-bn.

cm∏-I-en-√msX cmjvSob cwKØv apgp-In-b-t∏mƒ IpSpw-_-Im-cy-ß-fnepw _nkn-\kv Imcy-ß-fnepw i≤ ]Xn-∏n-°m≥ _m-^Jn



71

Xßƒ°v kabw t]mcmsX h∂p. I®-h-S-ap-X-ep-Iƒ At±lw NneD‰ _‘p-°sf G¬]n-®p. F¶nepw At±-l-Øns‚ ZrjvSn AXn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

kmam\yw henb Hcp IpSpw-_-Øns‚ \mb-I-\m-Wv _m-^JnXßƒ. s]m∂m\n henb Pmd-Øn¬ kønZv Aen F∂ sNdn-b-tImbXß-fpsS aIƒ Xm\q-cnse ]pØ≥ hoń¬ ico^ JZoPm _ohn-sb-bmWv _m-^Jn Xßƒ BZy-ambn hnhmlw sNbvX-Xv. Cu _‘-Øn¬ ico^ ap√-_n, DΩp-Ip¬kpw F∂o ]pX-namcpw kønZv lmanZv

¬p\kss vZnøk ,≥ksspl vZnøk ,¿ZmJ ¬pZv_A vZnøk ,nJ-m_B_n-Zo≥, kønZv A_q-_-°¿ F∂o ]pX-∑mcpw P\n-®p. ]n∂oSvXs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ ac-W-tijw At±lw sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ \n∂v c≠vhnhm-l-ßƒ IqSn Ign-s®-¶nepw B c≠v `mcy-amcpw acn®p-t]m-bn.

]n∂oSv Nmen-bØv \n∂v ico^m Bbnj Cºn®n _ohn-sb-bmWv _m-^Jn Xßƒ hnhmlw sNbvX-Xv. Cu `mcy-bn¬ kønZvapl-Ω-Zv, kønZv A_vZp-√, kønZv Al-Ω-Zv, kønZv C_m-lnw, kønZvAen, kønZv lk≥ F∂o Bä-°-fpw ico^m ^mØn-a, ico^mJZoP F∂o s]ä-°-fp-ap-≠m-bn.

AXn-\p-tijw aZo\m \nhm-kn-bmb ssk\p¬ B_n-Zo≥_m^-Jn-bp-sS-bpw, ico^ Bbnj _ohn-bp-sSbp aI-fmb ico^m^mØna _ohn-sb-bmWv 1944˛¬ _m-^Jn Xßƒ hnhmlw sNbvX-Xv. tImgn-t°m-Sn-\-SpØv ]pXn-b-ßm-Sn-bn-emWv Ah-cpsS hoSv. aZo-\-bn¬ \n∂v tImgn-t°m v hym]mc Bhiyw h∂v ÿnc Xma-k-am-°nbBfmWv _m-^Jn XßfpsS `mcym ]nXm-hv. At±-l-Øns‚ ktlm-Zco ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ (A-d-_n-Iƒ) Ct∏mgpw aZo-\-bn¬ akvPn-Zp-\-_-hn-°-Sp-Øp≈ hk-Xn-bn¬ Ign-bp-∂p. ]pXn-b-ßm-Sn-bnse ico^^mØna _ohn-bn¬ kønZv lwkm _m^-Jn, kønZv Da¿, ico^m\ôk _ohn F∂o k¥m-\-ßfpw _m-^Jn Xßƒ°p≠v. CXnseDkvam≥ F∂p t]cmb aI≥ Hcp A]-I-S-Øn¬ acn®p t]mbn.

p∂-p°-nhoP wpgm∏tC nho_ môci ycm esnb-nS-mß-b-nXp] .bndNs pcH wpe°-ncH ¬nØ-‘_ yXºmZ ≈pb-mapfßX nJ-m_

-°a wpbcs-ma-ycm` .p∂-pb-d] ¿hA v∂√s-n-nb-m≠D wpem]t gn∏-fmX-pc-ØpcmctmH ¬nc-hA .p®-nl\tvk v‰h-fA ƒßX nJ-m_ wpbfs-m_ .pØ-pSmIs p®-nl-∆¿n\ wl±tA v™nd-≠I ƒß-yi-hB wpbSs-mXn] bmb-n[-n\-ye-’mh wphmØ¿ bm\-∂-ºk l\tvk ƒßX nJ^

ƒß-h--p\A wI\tA nho_ anØm^ môci v∂hs-p∂-pc-nb-ma-phvXA wpbkwl wpbk-o^\ bmf-°a ƒm∏t-™-d] v≠mIs v®nc-hnh

.nØ-pS-∏s-y£mk v∂Ws-ma-yXk w\ma-Xi vdq\


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

72

Ah-km\ ImeØv _m-^Jn XßfpsS Xnc°p ]nSn®cmjvSob Pohn-X-Øns‚ kncm-tIµw ]pXn-b-ßm-Sn-bnse hk-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw ]i-kvX-cmb AXn-Yn-Isf kzoI-cn-®Xpw kp]-[m-\-amb cmjvSob N¿®-Iƒ \S-ØnbXpw Cu ho´n¬ sh®m-bn-cp-∂p. ]uVnbpw Ipeo-\-Xzhpw hnfn-t®m-Xp∂ cmjvSob ][m-\y-ap≈B hoSv C∂v _m-^Jn IpSpw-_-Øns‚ Iøn-e-√. Ah¿ 1974˛¬ AXv

∂p°¬nh ƒß-Xm] Wm™n] ƒm∏t-b-n°m\t v∂Ns SsnhA .p‰nhHcp hym]mc tIµ-amWv I≠-Xv.

]i-kvX-cmb c≠v Pmam-Xm-°-fp-ap≠v _m-^Jn Xßƒ°v.AXn-sem-cmƒ Xm\q-cnse mcy-bn-ep-≠mb aIƒ ico^m ap√-_n-bpsS`¿Ømhv kønZv Da¿ _m-^Jn Xßƒ. as‰m-cmƒ Nmen-bsØ `mcy-bn-ep-≠mb aIƒ ico^m mØnam _ohn-bpsS ¿Ømhv ]mW-°mSvkønZv apl-Ω-Zen inlm_v Xß-ƒ.

vWma-b-o\m] bnØ¿e-°-n´qI wpbn-m-Ivk\s wpkvIne¿mltbmXm-th-f-bn¬ _m-^Jn Xßƒ°njvSw. AXn-\m-h-iy-amb NqSvsh≈w \nd® ^vfmkvIpw a‰pw At±lw IqsS sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. tKmƒUv ]^v _nkvI‰pw Iow tI°p-amWv At±-l-Øns‚k©mc thf-bnse CjvS t`mPy-ßƒ. kl-bm-Xn-I¿s°√mw AXvhoXn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

tImgn-h-f¿Øepw in°mdpw _m-^Jn XßfpsS tlm_n-I-fm-Wv. ]pXn-b-ßm-Sn-bnse hoSn-t\m-S-\p-_-‘n®v H∂mw Xcw Hcp]uƒSn mw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. C¥y-bn¬ In´m-hp∂ hnNn-X-amb F√mC\w tImgn-Ifpw ap´-Iƒ hncn-bn°p∂ C≥Iyq-t_-‰dpw AXv t]mse-bp≈ F√m B[p-\nI kwhn-[m-\-ßfpw B ]uƒSn ^man¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]`m-X-th-f-I-fn¬ C≥Iyq-t_-‰-dn¬ \n∂v \pdp-I-W-°n\v

NvgmI bma-c-l-m\ta ∂pch v™ncnh v®n´m]s ´pa ƒß-p™-p°-ngmIt_m-^Jn Xßƒ IuXp-I-tØmsS I≠n-cn-°p-asX! hncn-™p-h∂DSs\ tImgn-Ip-™p-ßƒ Bcpw ]Tn-∏n-°msX kzbw AXn-\mbnHcp°n sh® ]mX-Øn¬ \n∂v sh≈w IpSn-°p-∂Xpw `£Ww

ƒm∏t-≠I vXA .nØ-pS-∏s-X-p¤A Øsl-±tA wpX∂-p∂-nØ-nØmIsssZh-Øns‚ A¤pX i‡nsb Hm¿Øv At±lw Xe-Ip-\n-®p.At∏mƒ At±-l-Øn¬ \n∂v ktXm-X-am-Wp-Xn¿∂v hcn-I. ssZh-

Øn\v kvXpXn. kp_vlm-\-√m..

1. hb-\mSv Dƒs∏´ tImgn-t°mSv ]m¿en-sa‚ v afi-e-Øn¬ B¿.-

F≥. Ipfq¿ F∂ kzX¥ ÿm\m¿∞n-°mWv eoKv ]n¥p-W.



73

7

im¥n-Zq-Xpambn kwL¿j`qan-bn¬

s]mXp sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ Bc-h-a-S-ßp-∂-Xn\v apºv Xs∂-√nP ¿m_-ea .p∂¿b-pf-I-n\-z[-l-S] Sspf-I-p∏-pS-™s-cXs ¬∏-nk-n\pa

b-S°w kwÿm-\sØ \K-c-k-`-bn-te-°p≈ sXc-s™-Sp-∏mWv \S-°m≥ t]mIp-∂-Xv. aZn-cm-in-bnse tIm¨Kkv Kh¨sa‚n\v apkvenweoKv \ncp-]m-[n-I-ambn ]n¥pW \¬Ip∂ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ \K-c-k`msXc-s™-Sp∏v t\cn-Sm≥ tIm¨Kkpw apkvenw-eo-Kp-ambn Hcpkwbp‡ ap∂Wn cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ Bim-ky-Xsb ]‰n Ccp]m¿´n-I-fp-sSbpw apXn¿∂ t\Xm-°ƒ Btem-Nn-®p. apkvenw eoKns‚tZiob A[y-£≥ JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_pwkwÿm\ tIm¨Kkv ]kn-U≠v tUm kp∫-cm-b-\p-ambn aZm-kn¬sh®v \o≠ N¿®-Iƒ \S-Øn. Ah¿ Hcp kJy-Xo -cp -am -\ -ØnseØnt®¿∂p. ]s£ H‰bv°v a’-cn-°m-\p≈ ]h-WX h¿≤n-®ph∂-t∏mƒ ]kvXpX kJy Xocp-am-\sØ tIm¨Kkv t\Xm-°ƒGI-]-£o-b-ambn \ncm-I-cn-®p. kp∫-cm-b≥ X≈n-]-d-™p-sh-¶nepwae-_m-dnse ]e \K-c-k-`-I-fnepw apkvenw eoKpw-tIm¨Kkpw kl-I-cn®p sIm≠mWv sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns\ FXn-tc-‰-Xv.

ap\n-kn-∏¬ sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-IfpsS X¥-ß-fm-hn-jvI-cn-°m≥ae-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eoKv Iu¨kn¬ 1952 BKÃv 17˛\v _m-^JnXßfpsS A[y-£-X-bn¬ tN¿∂p. ap\n-kn-∏¬ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬

ƒßX nJ-m_ n‰] bsX-I-yi-hB ‚snX-≠-°t-pS-¶s] nbma-h-oPkZo¿L-ambn hni-Zo-I-cn -®p. sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°vta¬t\m´w hln-°m≥ sI. D∏n kmln_v I¨ho-\dpw _m-^JnXßƒ, sI.-Fw. koXn kmln_v, sI. lk≥ K\n, H.-sI. apl-ΩZvIp™n, C.-F-kv.-Fw. l\o-^ F∂n-h¿ AwK-ß-fp-amb Hcp D]-k-an-Xnsb Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn. B Znhkw tImgn-t°mSv Su¨lmfn¬ _m-^Jn XßfpsS A[y-£-X-bn¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ Hcp s]mXp ktΩ-

74


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

74

f\w \S-∂p.cmjvSob kmaq-lnI afi-e-ß-fn¬ kvXpXy¿l-amb \ne-

bn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ sNdp-∏-°m-cpsS Hcp \nc Is≠-Øp-IbpwAhsc \K-c-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn¬ a’-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-IF∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p _m-^Jn XßfpsS ASpØ e£yw. Xs‚ k¥-X-k-l-Nm-cnbpw G‰hpw hniz-kvX-\mb A\p-bm-bn-bp-amb kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbbpambn _m-^Jn Xßƒ At\I Znh-k-ß-tfmfw CuBibw N¿® sNbvXp. Ccp-hcpw tN¿∂v IÆq¿ apX¬ t^m¿´vsIm®n hsc-bp≈ ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ k©-cn®v G‰hpw anI®ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fpsS enÃv tiJ-cn-®p.

A¬] Znh-k-ßƒ°v tijw \K-c-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn¬a’-cn-°p∂ apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fpsS kºq¿Æ-amb ]´nI]pd-Øp-h-∂p. tImgn-t°mSv ap\n-kn-∏¬ Iu¨kn-en-te°v bph-t\-Xm-hmb kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbsb a’-cn-∏n-°-W-sa∂v _m-^JnXßƒ°v \n¿_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p. AX-\p-k-cn®v tImgn-t°mSv ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-bnse 17-˛mw hm¿Un¬ kn.-F-®v. ÿm\m¿∞n-bmbn. IÆq-cn¬H.-sI. apl-ΩZv Ip™n, ]me-°mSv C.-F-kv.-Fw. l\o-^, t^m¿´vsIm®n-bn¬ sI. lk≥ K\n F∂o eoKv t\Xm-°∑m¿ a’-cn®hm¿Up-I-fn-emWv s]mcn™ a’cw Zriy-am-b-Xv. \nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-t\-°m-ƒ ISp-Ø-hm-in-bm-bn-cp∂p ap\n-kn-∏¬ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v. _m-^Jn Xßƒ Acbpw Xebpw apdp°n cwK-Øn-d-ßn. Hmtcmap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-bnepw c≠pw aq∂pw XhW At±lw kµ¿i\w \S-Øn. Hmtcm hm¿Unepw At±lw sN∂p. ]e hoSp -I-fnepwÿm\m¿∞n-tbm-sSm∏w Ib-dn-sN∂v thm v tNmZn-®p. t\Xm-hns‚ PmS-sb√mw Zqsc-°-f™v km[m-cW ]h¿Ø-I-\mbn "bph-k-l-P-amb']k-cn-t∏msS At±lw sXc-s™-Sp∏v cwKØv HmSn-\S-∂p. _m-^JnXßfpsS ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ Ad_n ae-bmfw en]n-bn¬ A®-Sn®vapkvenw h\n-X-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ hnX-cWw sNbvXp. ae-_m-dnse am∏nfkvXoI-fn¬ ae-bmf A£-cm-`ymkw B ImeØv Xosc Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂psh¶nepw Ad-_n-b-£-c-ßƒ Ah¿s°-√m-a-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ _m-^Jn XßfpsS Ad_n ae-bmf ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ°v Ipdn-°p-sIm-≈p∂ hP kqNn-I-fmbn F√m apkvenw ASp-°-f-I-fnepw sNs∂Øn. 1952 HIvtSm-_¿ amk-Øn-emWv sXc-s™-Sp-∏v. 9˛mw XnøXn e-]-Jym-]\w h∂-t∏mƒ apkvenw eoKv- -tIm¨Kkvÿm\m¿∞n-I-fpsS hnPb hm¿Ø-I-fmWv ]pdØp h∂p sIm≠n-cp-∂-Xv. ""ae-_m-dn¬ ASn-thcp \jvS-s]-´n-cp∂ tIm¨K-kn\veoKns‚ ]n¥p-W-tbmsS ]nSn®v \n¬°m≥ Hcn-°¬ IqSn km[n-®p.

75



75

aZn-cmin kwÿm-\-Ønse `qcn-]£w ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-Ifpw tIm¨K-kns‚ ssI∏n-Sn-bn¬ h∂p. F´p amkw apºv \S∂ Akwªn sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ \mep ko‰p-Iƒ amXw t\Snb tIm¨K-kn\v ae-_m-dnse A©v ap\n-kn-∏men-‰n-I-fnepw qcn-]£w t\Sm≥ Ign-™p. CXveoKp-am-bp-≠m-°nb kJy-Øns‚ ^e-ambncp∂p.'' AXn-\n-S-bn¬as‰mcp khn-tijX˛ Xe-t»cn ap\n-kn-∏m¬ Iu¨kn-en¬ G‰hpwhenb H‰ I£n apkvenw eoKm-bn-cp-∂p. tIm¨Kkv HºXpw knhnIvt_m¿Un\v HºXpw Iu¨kn-e¿am¿ D≠m-b-t∏mƒ apkvenw eoKn\v]Øv Iu¨kn-e¿amsc hnP-bn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-™p. \ymb-ambpw ap\n-kn-∏¬ sNb¿am≥ ÿm\w apkvenw eoKn\v Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-Xm-bn-cp-∂n´pw knhnIv t_m¿Up-Imcpw tIm¨K-kp-Imcpw ]tXyIw ]tXy-I-ambn h∂v sNb¿am≥ ÿm\-tØ°v eoKn\v ]n¥pW Xcm-sa∂vhmKvZm\w sNbvXn´pw B ÿm\-tas‰-Sp-°m≥ apkvenw eoKv Xøm-dm-bn-√. A[n-Im-c-Øns‚ knwlm-k-\-Øn¬ Ibdn ]‰p-∂-Xn¬ AXhenb XnSp-°-sam∂pw ImWn-°mØ BZ¿i \njvT-amb ASn-Ø-d-bmWv apkvenw eoKv cq] I¬∏\ sNbvX-Xv. _m-^Jn Xßfmbn-cp∂p B Z¿i-\-Øns‚ apJy-tkm-X- v. ap\n-kn-∏¬ sNb¿am≥ÿm\-tØØv tIm¨K-kn\v ]p¥pW \¬Im-\mWv eoKv Xocp-am-\n-®-Xv. tIm¨Kkv t\Xm-hmb ]n. Ip™n-cm-a≥ h°o¬ Xe-t»cnap\n-kn-∏¬ sNb¿am-\m-bn. (1960˛¬ tIc-f-Øn¬ hntam-N-\-k-a-c-Øn\vtijw \S∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨Kkv ˛ eoKv˛ ]n.-F-kv.-]n.kJyw hºn® `qcn-]£w t\Sn-b-t∏mƒ eoKns\ a¥n-k-`-bn¬ FSp-°n-s√∂ \µn-tI-SmWv tIm¨K-kn¬ \n∂v Xncn®p In´n-b-Xv.)

Xnc-am-e-Iƒ t]mse-bmWv A]-Xo-£nX kw -h-ßƒ H∂n\p]pdsI as‰m-∂mbn Db¿∂p hcp-∂-Xv. Hcp Xnc ]ns∂bpw Xnc. ap\n-kn-∏¬ sXc-s™-Sp∏v Ign™ DSs\ AXm tIƒ°p∂p ]tøm-fn-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp Zpc¥ hm¿Ø. _m-^Jn XßfpsS ITn-\m-[zm\wA\n-hm-cy-am-°n-Øo¿Ø Hcp kmap-Zm-bnI kwL¿jw. tImgn-t°mSvPn√-bn¬ (A∂v ae-_m¿) sImbn-em≠n Xmeq-°nse (A∂v Ipdp-º-\m-Sv) Hcp Kma-]-tZ-i-amWv ]tøm-fn. 1952 HIvtSm-_¿ 31˛mw XnøXnAhnsS Hcp h°o¬ Kpa-ÿ≥ sIm√-s∏- p. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. ]h¿Ø-I-\mb IÆ≥ Bbn-cp∂p h[n-°-s∏´ h°o¬ Kpa-ÿ≥. AXn\vc≠v Znhkw apsº AhnsS \S∂ A\njvS kw`-h-ß-fpsS ]cy-h-km-\-am-bn-cp∂p B sIme-]m-X-Iw.

"B¿.-F-kv.-F-kp-Im¿ 26˛mw XnøXn ]tømfn Aßm-Sn-bnse]qh-Sn-Ø-d°v kao]w Hcp tKmh[ hncp≤ tbmKw \S-Øn. AXy¥w]tIm-]-\-]-c-am-bn-cp∂p tbmK-Ønse ]kw-K-ßƒ. Kma-Øns‚ sXfn-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

7677

hm¿∂ A¥-co-£-Øn¬ h¿§ob hntZz-j-Øns‚ Xos∏m-cn-IƒhoWp. ]nt‰ Znhkw Hcp apkvenw bphmhpw ss]X¬ F∂p t]cmbB¿.-F-kv.-F-kp-Im-c\pw XΩn¬ XnI®pw hy‡n-]-c-amb Imc-W-ß-fm¬- G-‰p-apń. Cu G‰p-ap-´-ens‚ ]n∂n¬ Hcp kvXo hnj-b-am-Wp-≠m-b-sX∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. I\-Ihpw Iman-\n-bp-am-Wt√m ]e-t∏mgpwIe-l-Øn\v Imc-W-am-hm-dp-≈-Xv. GXm-bmepw A∂sØ A¥-co-£-Øn¬ AXv c≠v kap-Zm-b-ßƒ Gs‰-Sp-Øp. 26˛mw XnøXn tKmh[hncp≤ tbmKw \S-°p-∂-Xns‚ kao-]Øv sh®v ÿesØ Hcp Iim-∏p-I-S-bn¬ ]Xn-hp-t]mse Iim-∏p-Im-c≥ Hcp aqcnsb AdpØ kw`-hhpw CXn¬IqSn°e¿∂p. 29˛mw XnøXn B¿.-F-kv.-F-kp-Im¿ _p≤m-knw-Kns‚ A[y-£-X-bn¬ Hcp ]Xn-tj-[- tbmKw tN¿∂p. Cu tbmK-Øn¬ ]Pm- tkm-jy-enÃv t\Xm-hmb sI. tIf-∏≥ (Fw.-]n.) ]kw-Kn-®p.

tIf-∏-s\ t]mse AJn-te¥ym ]i-kvX-\mb Hcp tZio-b-t\-Xm-hns\ h¿§ob hmZn-I-fpsS ]kwK afi]-Øn¬ I≠Xvapkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ hºn® at\m-th-Z-\bpw A¶-em∏pw Df-hm-°n.(kw-L¿jw Hgn-hm-°n-sb-Sp-°m≥ ap≥ssI ]h¿Ø\w \S-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p tIf-∏Pn sNtø-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]tXy-In®pw B ]tZiw At±-l-Øns‚ P∑-ÿ-eØv \n∂v Hcp hnfn-∏mSv AI-se-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂hkvXpX ]cn-K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ) 29˛mw XnøXn apX¬ ]tøm-fn-bn¬]cs° Iq -Ø-√m-bn-cp-∂p. B¿ Bsc F¥n\v X√p-∂p-sh-∂-dn-bmsXBfp-Iƒ amkvln-Ão-cnb _m[n® t]mse Cf-In-bm-Sn. sX°p \n∂vXoh-≠n-bn¬ h∂n-d-ßnb Hcp kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ s]´ sNdp-∏-°mscas‰mcp kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ s]´-h¿ hSnbpw I√pw sIm≠v AI-an-°p-∂Xv I≠v h≠n-bn-ep-≈-h¿ Aº-c∂v t]mb-Xmbn ]X-ßƒ dnt∏m¿ vsNbvXp. \hw-_¿ 7˛mw XnøXn aZn-cmin \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ apJy-a¥ncmPmPn kw`-hsØ ]‰n sNbvX ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ \n∂v:

""hSs° ae-_m-dnse ]tømfn F∂ Zn°n¬ HIvtSm-_¿ 26˛mwXnøXn Ahn-SsØ ]mtZ-inI B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. kwL-S\ tKmh[\ntcm-[\w Bh-iy-s∏-Sm-\p≈ Hcp tbmKw hnfn®p Iqń. 50 t]cpƒs∏-Sp∂ Hcp sNdnb tbmK-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. Cu tKmh[ \ntcm-[\ tbmKw\S∂p sIm≠n-cn-°p-tºm-ƒ ÿesØ Hcp apkvenw Iim-∏p-Im-c≥tbmK-ÿ-eØv GXm\pw hmc AIse sh®v Hcp aqcnsb Adp-Ø-Xmbn ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXv IqSmsX a‰v Nne ]tIm-]\ \S-]-Sn-IfpwD≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xm-bn-´mWv ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ]nt‰ Znhkw tbmKw hnfn-®p-Iq-ńb ]h¿Ø-Is\ Ggv apkvenw-Iƒ tN¿∂v hgn°v sh®v D]-Z-



77

hn-°p-Ibpw Kpcp-X-c-amb ]cn-°p-I-tfmsS Abmsf hS-Ic Bip-]-Xn-bn¬ ]th-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn\v tijw Abmsf tImgn-t°mSv Bip-]-Xn-bn-te°v am‰n. c≠v Znh-k-ßƒ°v tijw apkvenw-I-fpsS \S-]-Sn-bn¬ ]Xn-tj-[n®v s]mXp-tbm-K-ßfpw a‰pw \S-∂p.tZtlm-]-Z-hp-ambn _‘-ap-≈-h-sc∂v Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂ ]Xn-I-fn¬ Bdp-t]¿ HIvtSm-_¿ 30˛mw XnøXn ÿesØ t]meo-kns‚ apºmsI lmP-cm-bn. ]s£ Ahsc DS≥ Xs∂ Pmay-Øn¬ tamNn-∏n-®p. AhscPmay-Øn¬ tamNn-∏n-®Xv \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-am-bn-t∏m-bn. tamNn-∏n-°-s∏-´-h-cn¬ Hcmƒ HIvtSm-_¿ 31˛mw XnøXn a‰p Nne-tcm-sSmØv B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. Hm¿K-ss\-k-dpsS a®q-\s‚ ho´n¬ \nb-a-hn-cp-≤-ambn ]th-in-®p. ]s£ Ab¬hm-kn-Ifpw lnµp-°-fmb Nne ap°p-h-∑mcpw tN¿∂vHmSn-®p. XpS¿∂v Hcp apkvenw Hcp lnµp ap°p-hs\ tZtlm-]-Z-h-ta¬∏n-®p. Xoh-≠n-bm-∏o-knepw Itºm-f-Ønepw henb Bƒ°q´-ap-≠m-bn. Hcp aWn-°q-dn\v tijw as‰mcp ÿeØv sh®v At©m Btdmt]¿ tN¿∂v ÿetØ Hcp h°o-ens‚ ¢m¿°m-bn-cp∂ IÆ≥Fs∂m-cmsf h°o-ens‚ hk-Xn-°-SpØv sh®v HmSn®v Hcp sXßn≥tXm∏n¬ Ib-‰n. Abm-ƒ kz¥w ho´n-te°v HmSm≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒAh¿ Abmsf IpØn-s°m-∂p.'' CXmWv HutZym-KnI `mjyw. CutIkn¬ ]Xn-I-fmb ]°q, aqk F∂o c≠v t]sc Xq°n-s°m-∂p.

]tømfn kw`hw _m-^Jn Xßƒ°v hni-a-an-√mØ Znh-k-ß-fmWv kΩm-\n-®-Xv. kwL¿jw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-sh-∂-dn™ DSs\At±lw kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb kmln-_ns\ hnfn®p. Ccp-hcpwIqSn DSs\ ]tøm-fn-bn-te°v IpXn-®p. AhnsS At∏mƒ bp≤-°fwt]mse-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ccp kap-Zm-b-ßfpw £pZ-hn-Im-c-ßƒ°v ASn-as∏ v Ducn-∏n-Sn® ITm-c-I-fp-ambn \S-°p-tºmƒ Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ im¥n-Zq-Xp-ambn sN√p-∂Xv Atß-b‰w B]-Xvkm-[y-X-I-fp≈ kml-knIIrXy-am-bn-cp-∂p. Poh-\n¬ sImXn-bp-≈ Hcmfpw AXn-s\m-cp-sº-Sp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ kmap-Zm-bnI kulm¿±-Øn\v th≠n Dgn-™p-sh-°-s∏´ _m-^Jn Xßƒ°v X\n°v kw`-hn-t®-°m-hp∂ `hn-jy-Øp-I-sf-tbm¿Øv `b-s∏-tS≠n h∂n-√. GXp iXp-hn-s\bpw apJm-apJwt\cn-Sm-\p≈ \n¿`-bXzw At±-l-Øns‚ P∑-kn-≤-amb khn-ti-j-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ssZhsØ amXw `b-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v as‰m-∂n-t\bpw `b-s∏-tS≠n hcn-√ F∂v At±lw CS-°nsS A\p-bm-bn-Isf D]-tZ-in-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw AN-©-e-\mb ssZh-`-‡-\m-Wv. GXvP\-°q-´-sØbpw At£m-`y-\mbn t\cn-Sm\pw XXvIm-e-tØ°vAS°n \n¿Øm\pw _m-^Jn Xßƒ°p≈ Akm-[m-cW Ignhv]kn-≤-am-W-t√m. B a\-ssÿ-cy-tØmSpw \n›-b-Zm¿Vy-tØmSpw


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

7879

IqSn At±lw ]tøm-fn-bnse lnµp-˛-apkvenw Iem-]-Im-cn-I-fpsS CS-bn-te°v Cd-ßn-s®-∂p. Bcpw At±-lsØ XS-™n-√. D®-`m-jnWnLSn-∏n® Hcp Xpd∂ Po∏v sIm≠p-h-cm≥ At±lw Bh-iy-s∏-´p.B Xpd∂ Po∏n¬ AI-º-Sn-°mcpw Bbp-[-ta-¥nb AwK-c-£-I-∑m-cp-an-√msX Xs‚ k¿∆-kz-hp-amb kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb amXw.B Xpd∂ Po∏v Xpd-bq¿ apX¬ Xrt°m-´q¿ hsc-bp≈ Kma-ß-fn-te°v \oßn. Ah-tcm-sS√mw kam-[m-\-]m-X-bn-te°v Xncn-®p-h-cm\pwBbp-[-ßƒ Zqsc If-bm\pw _m-^Jn Xßƒ lrZ-b-]q¿∆wA`y¿∞n-®p. At±-l-Øns‚ IÆp-Iƒ \\-bp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. c≠vkap-Zm-b-ßfpw Ah-km\w At±-l-Øns‚ A`y¿∞-\sb am\n®vBbp-[-ßƒ ssIhn-´p. kn.-F-®ns‚ lrZb Zho-I-cW i‡n-bp≈]kw-K-ßƒ P\-°q-´-Øns‚ tcmjw XWp-∏n-°m-\p≈ ia-\u-j-[-ß-fp-am-bn. _m- Jn XßfpsS \nd™ km∂n≤yw kwL¿jw eLq-I-cn-°m≥ hf-sc-tbsd klm-b-I-am-bn-´ps≠∂v ae-_m¿ Ie-IvS¿]kvXm-hn-®p.

ae-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eoKv ]kn-U≠v kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m-^Jn Xßƒ, skI-´dn sI.-Fw. koXn kmln_v, Akw-ªn-bnse eoKv ]m¿´n eoU¿ sI. D∏n kmln_v F∂n-h¿ \hw-_¿ 1˛mwXnøXn tImgn-t°mSv sh®v ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® kwbp‡ ]km-Xm-h-\-bn¬Cßs\ ]d™p:-˛

""]tøm-fn-bn¬ C∂se Nne A\njvS kw -h-ß-fp-≠m-sb∂pwPoh-\miw kw`-hn®p F∂p-ap≈ h¿Ø-am\w hfsc tJZ-tØm-sS-bmWv Rßƒ ihn-®-Xv. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kp-Im-cpsS tKmh[ \ntcm[Zn\-tbm-K-Øn\v ASpØv sh®v apkvenw-I-fn¬ Btcm Nne¿ Hcp aqcn-°p-´s\ Adp-Øp-sh∂v Nne ]X-ß-fn¬ ImWp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cuhm¿Ø bmYm¿∞y-amtWm F∂v Rßƒ°-dn-bn-√. F∂m¬ AXvbmYm¿∞y-am-sW-¶n¬ Atß-b‰w AI-a-]-chpw A[n-t£-]-]-chpwCkvem-ans‚ Ncn-X-Øn\pw kwkvIm-c-Øn\pw \nc-°m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv.]ip-hns\ Adp-°¬ apkvenw-Iƒ°v A\p-h-Zn\o-b-am-sW-¶nepw AXva‰p-≈-h-cpsS hnIm-c-ßsf hW-s∏-Sp-Øp-amdv thW-sa∂v hmin ]nSn-°p-∂Xv Ckvemw Hcn-°epw s]mdp-°p-I-bn-√. A\y-a-X-°m-cpsS Bcm-[\m hkvXp-°sf \nµn-°-cp-sX∂v Ckvemw \njvI¿jn-°p-∂p-≠v.a‰p ÿe-ß-fn-ep≈ apkven-Iƒ ]tømfn kw -h-Øn\v ]Xn-Im-c-amtbm]Xym-Lm-X-amtbm Fs¥-¶nepw ]h¿Øn-°m≥ Hcp ]cn-ÿn-Xn-bnepw ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. AØcw ]Xn-Imc \S-]-Sn-Iƒ `ocp-Xz-]-chpw A[m¿Ωn-Ihpw A\ym-b-hp-am-Wv. \nbaw Iøn-se-Sp-°p-hmt\mewLn-°p-hmt\m Ahn-th-In-Iƒ apXn-cp-∂Xv XS-bm\pw F¥v XymKw



79

sNbvXpw kap-Zmb kulm¿±w ]men-°m\pw kap-Zmb t\Xm-°fpw]tXy-In®v apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-I-∑mcpw ]cn-i-an-°-Ww.''

\hw-_¿ 3˛mw XnøXn ]tømfn ap≥kn^v tImSXn hf-∏n¬ImeØv HºXv aWn°v lnµp-˛-apkvenw ]uc-∑m¿ ktΩ-fn® tbmK-Øn¬ sh®v kam-[m\ IΩn‰n cq]o-I-cn-®p. Cu kam-[m\ IΩn‰ntbmKw kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ t\Xr-Xz-]-c-amb ]¶v hln-®Xv A∂sØIe-IvS¿ B¿. ]km-Zn-t\m-sSm∏w _m- Jn Xßƒ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.kam-[m\ IΩn‰n tbmK-Øn¬ Ie-IvS¿ B¿ ]km-Zv A≤y-£X hln-®p. kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m-^Jn Xßƒ tbmK-Øn¬ lrZ-b-kv]¿in-bmb Hcp ]kw-K-amWv \S-Øn-b-Xv. ""apºsØ t]mse Xß-fpsS lnµp ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cp-ambn kvt\l \ne-bn¬ s]cp-am-dm≥ Rm≥Fs‚ apkvenw ktlm-Z-c-ß-tfmSv A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p. \nßƒ \nß-fpsS I®-hS ]oSnIIƒ Xpd-°pI. ]hr-Øn-Iƒ \S-Øp-I.hosSmgn™p t]mb-h¿ hoń-te°v Xncn-®p-h-cn-I. ChnsS kam-[m\w]p\-ÿm-]n-°pI'' ˛\n-cp-≤-I-WvT-\mbn P. Xßƒ DZvt_m-[n-∏n-®p.AI-an-Isf I≠p ]nSn-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ t]meo-kn\v th≠klmbßƒ sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°-W-sa∂pw AI-a-Øn\v Acp-\n¬°p-I-sb-∂p-≈Xv apk¬am\v \nc-°m-ØXpw Ckvem-ans‚ ]mc-º-cy-Øn\vtNcm-Ø-Xp-am-sW∂pw Xßƒ Xs‚ kap-Zm-b-Ønse AwK-ßsft_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn. timXm-°-fmb apkvenw-I-fn¬ _m-^Jn XßfpsScmjvSob t\XrXzw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-h¿ A[n-I-sam-∂p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶nepw At±lw ]d-™Xv apgp-h≥ B kZ v BZ-c-]q¿∆w tI´p.ae-bmf ]tZiv tIm¨Kkv IΩn-‰n-bpsS ]kn-U-≠mb F.-hn. Ipń-amfp AΩ, ]apJ tIm¨Kkv t\Xm-hmb kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿,sU]yqń C≥kvs]-IvS¿ P\-d¬ H v t]meokv _d¬, Pn√m t]meokvkp]≠v IƒÃ¨, Xl-kn¬Zm¿ ]c-ta-iz-c-ø¿ apkvenw eoKv t\Xmhvkn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb, AUz°‰p-am-cmb kp_-lvaWy Aø¿, ]n.Ip™-_vZp-√, Ip™n-°-Æ≥ \ºym¿ apX-em-b-h-cpw tbmK-Øn¬]kw-Kn-®p.

kam-[m\ ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ sh®p-≠mb Xocp-am\ ]Imcw _m-^Jn Xßfpw kam-[m\ IΩn‰n AwK-ßfpw ]tøm-fn-bnepw kao]Kma-ß-fmb tae-Sn,- Xp-d-bq¿, Xnt°m-Sn, Ab-\n-°m-Sv, Ccn-ß¬, Iog-cn-bq¿, hnf-bm-´q¿ F∂n-hn-S-ßfnepw Hcp kulm¿± ktµ-i-bmX\S-Øn. _m-^Jn XßfpsS DZvt_m-[-\-ßƒ°v lrZyhpw A\p-Iq-e-hp-am-bn-cp∂p P\-ß-fpsS ]Xn-I-c-Ww. Ahn-S-ß-fn-se√mw im¥nbpwkam-[m-\hpw ]p\-ÿm-]n-°-s∏- p. ]n∂osSmcn-°epw ]tøm-fn-bn¬ Hcpkmap-Zm-bnI kwL¿jw D≠m-b-Xmbn Adn-hm-bn-ń-√.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

8081

]d-b-Ø° apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-°mØ ]tZ-i-amWv A∂v ]tømfn. Hcp imJm IΩn‰n t]mepw apkvenw eoKn\vAhnsS D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. \hw-_¿ 11˛mw Xnø-Xn-bnse NµnI Zn\-]-X-Øn¬ kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb Fgp-Xnb t]mse ""ae-_m¿apkvenwIƒ qcn-]-£-ap≈ ]tZ-i-ßfnepw Ah¿ \yq\-]-£-amb ]tZ-i-ß-fnepw ]tIm-]-\-]-c-amb hn[-Øn¬ "tKmh[ \ntcm-[\ Zn\w'sIm≠m-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]ip Adthm GsX-¶nepw A\njvS kw`-h-ßtfm AØcw ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ D≠m-bn-√. ]tøm-fn-bntem tae-Sn-bntemeoKv ]h¿Ø\w \S-Øp∂ Bfp-Itfm Hcp apkvenw eoKv imJmkwLtam C√. AX amXtam? IÆ≥ sIme-t°-kn-epw ss]X¬ASn-t°-knepw H∂mw ]Xn-bmb ]°p Ign™ s]mXp sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw eoKv ]n¥p-W-bp-≠m-bncp∂ kzX¥ ÿm\m¿∞n-s°-Xnsc ]Pm-]m¿ń°p th≠n Atlm-cmXw ]cn-i-an® tZl-hp-am-W-s∂-≈p-∂Xv Hcp ]c-am¿∞w amX-am-Wv. F∂n´pw Ahn-sS-bp-≠mb\n¿`m-Ky-I-c-amb Hcp lnµp-˛-apkvenw sshcmKyw cmbv°p-cm-am\w ]d-™p-Xo¿°m\pw Ccp hn`m-K-ß-sfbpw cay-X-bn¬ FØn-°m\pwapkvenw eoKn\pw _m- Jn Xßƒ°pw amXta Ign-™p-≈q. AYhmHcp ]m¿ń F∂ \ne°v Ah-cmWv AXn¬ ap≥I-sø-Sp-Ø-Xv.''

apkvenw P\-km-am-\y-Øns‚ £pZ-hn-Im-c-ßsf kzm¿∞Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ°v th≠n Bsc-¶nepw Cf°n hnSp-tºmƒ AhnsS B\nanjw HmSn-°n-X-s®-Øp-hm\pw apkvenw P\-Xsb hnth-I-Øns‚AXn-cp-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ Xf-®n-Sm\pw apkvenw ]iv\-ßƒ°v cmjvSo-bhpw\nb-a-hn-t[-b-hp-amb ]cn-lmc am¿K-ßƒ Is≠-Øm\pw _m-^JnXßfpw apkvenw eoKpw IqSntb Xocq F∂ tIhe kXy-Øn-te°vhnc¬ Nq≠p-I-bmWv ]tømfn kw`-hw.

ta¬ ]d™ kXysØ km£m-Xv-I-cn-°p∂ A`n-i-]vX-ambas‰mcp kw`-h-amWv H∂-c-s°m-√-Øn\v tijw \Sp-h-´Øv \S∂kwL¿jw. AhnsS c£-Is‚ tdmfn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-´Xv _m-^JnXßƒXs∂. 1954˛¬ am¿®v 28˛mw Xnø-Xn-bmWv B Zp¿Zn-\w. tImgn-t°mSv \K-c-Øn¬ \n∂v GI-tZiw F´v Intem-ao-‰¿ sX°v ]Sn-™m-dmbn amtØm-´-Øn\pw t_∏q-cn\pw \Sp-hn¬ InS-°p∂ Hcp sNdnbDƒ]-tZ-i-amWv \Sp-h- w. ASpØ Kma-Ønse Xfn-tb-SØv Imhv D’-h-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v \Sp-h´Øv \n∂v Hcp Fgp-∂-≈Øv tLmj-bmXt]mhm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B h¿jw hmZy-tLm-j-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bp≈tLmj-bmX \Sp-h´w ]≈n-bpsS apºn¬ IqSn apń-t∏m-Ip-∂Xv kw_-‘n®v lnµp-°fpw apkvenw-I-fp-am-bp-≠mb X¿°-amWv kwL¿j-Øn¬ Iem-in-®-Xv. CXv t]meokv shSn-sh-∏n¬ FØp-Ibpw c≠p-



81

t]¿ acn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ""el-f-s°m-cp-ßnb Bbn-c-Øn¬ ]cwBfp-Iƒ IØnbpw hSnbpw I¬I-j-W-ßfpw G¥n-s°m≠v \Sp-h´w ]≈n-bpsS apºnep≈ \nc-Øn-eqsS t]mhp∂ Hcp lnµp tLmj-bm-Xsb BI-an-°m≥ apX¿s∂-∂pw'' t]c-Wbpw Xm°oXpw hn^-e-am-°n-bXn\m¬ ""t]meokv Ahsc Bbp-[-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v ]ncn-®p-hn-´p'' F∂p-am-Wv cmXn HºXv aWn°v Pn√m `c-W-IqSw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®hm¿Øm _p≈-‰n-\n¬ Adn-bn-®-Xv.

\ncm-bp-[-cmb P\-°q-´-Øn\v t\sc A\h-k-c-Øn¬ shSn-sh-∏p-\-S-Ønb sIme-]m-X-In-I-fmb t]meokv tk\sb \ymbo-I-cn-°m≥ th≠n Pn√m A[n-Ir-X¿ ]S-®p-≠m-°nb I≈-°-Y-bmWv ta¬]-d™ _p≈-‰n≥.

\Sp-h´w ]≈n°v apºn¬ IqSn hmZy-tLm-j-ßƒ apg°n Fgp-∂-≈-Øv \S-Øp-sa∂pw Aßs\ \S-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ apkvenw-IƒAXns\ XS-bp-sa-∂pap≈ Inwh-Z-¥n-Iƒ HcmgvN apºv Xs∂ F√m-bn-SØpw ]N-cn-®n-cp-∂p. CXn-\n-S-bn¬ t£X `mc-hm-ln-Iƒ Pn√mIe-IvSsd I≠v tLmj-bmX t]mhm-\p≈ A\p-hmZw kºm-Zn-®p.kam-[m\`wK-Øns‚ Im¿ta-L-ßƒ I≠p XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ Xs∂ _m-^Jn Xßƒ apkvenw eoKns‚ a‰p t\Xm-°-fmb sI.-Fw. koXnkmln-_v, kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb F∂n-h-tcm-sSm∏w \Sp-h- sØØn.Ah¿ \Sp-h-´-Øn\v Np‰p-ap≈ ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ k©-cn®v apkvenw eoKv]h¿Ø-I-∑msc hnfn®p Iq´p-Ibpw Hcp ]cnX-ÿn-Xn-bnepw \nbawIøn-seSp-°-cp-sX∂pw AIa ]h¿Ø-\-ßfn¬ G¿s∏-S-cp-sX∂pwlnµp tLmj-bm-Xsb XS- -s∏-Sp-Ø-cp-sX∂pw I¿i-\-ambn Xm°oXv\¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. kmap-Zm-bnI kulm¿±-Øn\v If-¶-ta¬∏n-°p∂bmsXmcp ]hr-Ønbpw Xß-fpsS `mKØv \n∂v D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂veoKv ]h¿Ø-I∑m¿ _m- JnXßƒ°v Dd∏v \¬In. ]s£ ÿeØvapkvenw eoKp-Im¿ amX-a√t√m D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ""CXn-\n-S-bn-emWvao©¥ \pk-Øp¬ Ckvemw kwL-Øns‚ t]cn¬ Hcp t\mókv]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. 26˛mw Xnø-Xn-bmWv t\mókv ]pdØv h∂-Xv.ao©¥ ]tZ-isØ Hcp kmaq-lnI kwL-S-\-bmb \pk-Øp¬Ckvemw kwL-Øns‚ P\-d¬ t_mUn tbmKw am¿®v 28˛mw XnøXn]I¬ \Sp-h´w ]≈n-bn¬ tNcp-∂p-s≠∂pw F√m apkvenw-I-fpwAXn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°-W-sa-∂p-am-bn-cp∂p t\mó-kns‚ Xm¬]-cyw.hmkvX-h-Øn¬ CsXmcp I≈-t\m- o-km-bn-cp-∂p.- \p-k-Øp¬ CkvemwkwLw Aß-s\-sbmcp tbmKw tNcm≥ Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂n-√.AØ-c-Øn-semcp tbmKsØ ]‰ntbm t\mókns\ ]‰ntbm AXns‚


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

8283

`mc-hm-ln-Iƒ°v Adn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. B t\mókv \Sp-h-´Øv apkvenw-Isf Iq´m-\p≈ X¥-am-bn-cp-∂p.''1 CXns‚ ]n∂nepw Nne hy‡nXm¬]-cy-ßƒ Hfn-™p-In-S-∂n-cp-∂p-h-tX. ÿesØ Hcp ]am-Wn-bmb acn-ap-°n¬ Al-ΩZv Ipńbpw B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. A\p-`m-hn-bmb[\m-Vy≥ Xºn F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ cma-Nµ apX-en-bmcpw XΩn¬Hcp io´p-Ifn tIµ-Øn¬ sh®p-≠mb hmt°-‰hpw AXns\ XpS¿∂vAh¿ XΩn-ep-≠mb hy‡n sshcm-Ky-hp-amWv \Sp-h- -Øns‚ sskzcy-Po-hnXw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Ønb A\njvS kw`-h-Øns‚ ]n∂n-ep≈ Imc-W-ß-sf∂v A\p-`-h-ÿ¿ ]d-bp-∂p.

27˛mw XnøXn A¥-co£w kwL¿j-`-cn-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. 28˛mwXnøXn ]pe¿Im-eØv Xs∂ _m- JnXßfpw koXn kmln_pw IqSnho≠pw \Sp-h-´Øv h∂p. apkvenw-Iƒ Bfl-kw-b-a\w ]men-°-W-sa∂pw tLmj-bm-Xbv°v t\sc XS- -ß-sfm∂pw D≠m-°-cp-sX∂pwt\Xm-°ƒ apkvenw-Isf Blzm\w sNbvXp. cmhnse 11 aWn°vho≠pw _m-^JnXßƒ \Sp-h-´-tØ°v h∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Im¿tImg-n-t°m-Sn\pw \Sp-h-´-Øn\pw CS-bn¬ s\t´m´w \S-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]≈n ]cn-k-cØv XSn®v IqSn-b-h-sc√mw DSs\ ]ncn™v t]mI-W-sa∂v _m-^JnXßƒ Dd® kzc-Øn¬ Bh-iy-s∏-´p. At±-lsØBZ-cn-°p∂ Ipsd Bfp-Iƒ AXv tI´v ]ncn-™p-t]m-bn. Ipsd t]¿]ncn™v t]mbn-√. AhnsS Xs∂ \ne-bp-d-∏n® Ah¿ IΩyq-WnÃv]m¿ń ]h¿Ø-I-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p-h-tX. kao] ]tZ-i-ß-f-n¬ \n∂vIΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń A\p-`m-hn-I-fmb apkvenw-Isf \Sp-h-´-tØ°vsIm≠p-h-∂n-cp-∂p. Ah¿ _m-^JnXßsf A\p-k-cn-®n-s√∂v amX-a√ At±-l-tØmSv Ib¿Øp kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

""\Sp-h´w ]≈n°v apºn¬ apkvenw-Iƒ XSn-®p-Iq-Sn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ dh\yq Unhn-j-W¬ Hmô-k¿ Ipń i¶-c≥\mb¿, Un.-ssh.-F-kv.-]n. tKm]m-e≥ F∂n-h¿ D-®°v c≠v aWn-tbmsSkw`-h-ÿ-e-sØ-Øn. ]ncn™p t]mhm-\p≈ A`y¿∞-\°v ]Xn-I-c-W-ap-≠m-Im-Ø-Xns\ XpS¿∂v hnhcw taep-tZym-K-ÿ-∑msc Adn-bn-®p. aq∂v aWn-tbmsS If-IvS¿ ]f-\n-b-∏\pw Un.-F-kv.-]n. cmam-\p-PhpwFØn. At∏m-sg√mw Xºn-bpsS hoń¬ \n∂v ]pd-s∏´ lnµp tLmj-bmX \Sp-h-´Øv \n∂v c≠v ¿temwKv AI-se-bp≈ s]c-®-\-ßm-Sn-bn¬ \Sp-tdm-Un¬ \n¬°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. sshIp-t∂cw A©v aWn-tbmsS ]≈n-bpsS apºn-ep≈ P\-°q-´sØ \nba hncp-≤- kw-L-ambn ]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw DSs\ shSn-sh∏v \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. shSn-sh-∏n\v apºv emØn-®m¿t÷m Snb¿Kymkv ]tbm-Ktam a‰v Hu]-Nm-



83

cn-I-X-Itfm t]meokv DtZym-K-ÿ∑m¿ Zo£n-®n-ń-√. ChnsS i≤n-°-s∏-tS≠ hkvXpX lnµp-°-fpw apkvenw-Ifpw XΩn¬ Hcp G‰p-ap-´¬ \S-∂n-ń√ F∂-Xm-Wv. P\-ßƒ tdmUn¬ IqSn-\n-∂p-sh-∂-√msXAh¿ tLmj-bmX XS-bp-Itbm t]meo-kns\ BI-an-°p-ItbmsNbvXn-ń-√. F∂n´pw c≠v a\pjy Poh-\p-Iƒ shSn-sh®v hogvØ-s∏-´p. \Sp-h´w shSn-sh-∏ns‚ hnhcw tI´ amX-bn¬ apJy-a¥ncmPmPn B \n¿`mKy kw`-h-Øn¬ tJZw ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. dh\yqt_m¿Uv saº¿ Uªyq.-B¿.-F-kv. kXy-\m-Ys\ At\z-jW IΩo-j-\mbn \nb-an-®p-sIm≠v Kh¨sa‚ v DØ-chv ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-IbpwsNbvXp.

kam-[m\ IΩn-‰n D≠m-°-em-bn-cp∂p ASpØ L´w. am¿®v31˛mw XnøXn Ccp kap-Zm-b-°m-cp-sSbpw ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ tImgn-t°mSvIe-IvS-td-‰n¬ HØp-Iq-Sn. ]≈n-I-fpsS apºn-eqsS hmZy-ta-f-ß-tfmsStLmj-bmX \S-Øp-∂Xv kw_-‘n®v lnµp-°fpw apkvenw-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ A`n-]mb hyXym-k-ßƒ Ccp kap-Zm-b-ß-fn-sebpw ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ XΩn¬ Btem-Nn®v Xo¿°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ iaw DS≥ Bcw-`n-°-W-sa∂v ]kvXpX tbmKw Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw Aß-s\-sbmcp Xocp-am\wD≠m-Ip-∂Xv hsc Bcpw \nb-a-hncp≤-amtbm kam-[m-\-Øn\v `wKwhcp∂ Xc-Øntem H∂pw sNbvXp t]mI-cp-sX∂v A`y¿∞n-°p-IbpwsNbvXp. Cu Xocp-am\w D≠m-°p-∂-Xn\v ]n∂n¬ ]h¿Øn® Ic-ßfpw _m- JnXßfptS-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. If-IvS¿ ]f-\n-b-∏≥ AXv Xpd∂vkΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

\Sp-h- -Øns‚ Hm¿Ω-Iƒ hSp-sIń \n∂ Hcp ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv ae-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eoKns‚ BZysØ ktΩ-f\w \S-∂-Xv. hn -P-\-Øn\v tijw \S-°p∂ C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw-eo-Kns‚]Ya Pn√m ktΩ-f\w F∂ \ne°v Cu ktΩ-f\w eoKv Ncn-X-Ønse ][m-\-ta-dnb Hcp A[ym-b-am-Wv. 1954 G]n¬ 10, 11 Xnø-Xn-I-fn-emWv ktΩ-f-\w. s]mXp ktΩ-f\w 10˛mw Xnø-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tImgn-t°mSv IS-∏p-dsØ _o®v tlm´-ep-Im-cpsS hI-bmbn amen-\y-ßƒ\nt£-]n-°p∂ Hcp ÿeØv sh®mWv eoKns‚ Pn√m ktΩ-f\w\S-∂-Xv. am\m-©n-d, apX-e-°pfw apX-emb At\Iw ssaXm-\-ßƒA∂pw tImg-n-t°m v D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ahn-S-ß-fn-sem∂pw apkvenw eoKvktΩ-f\w \S-Øm≥ A[n-Im-cn -Iƒ A\p-hmZw sImSp-Øn-√.Ah¿°Xn\v Hcp ImcWw ]d-bm-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \Sp-h-´w kw`-hhpw.Pn√m `mc-W-Iq-Shpw t]meokpw ktΩ-f\w \S-°p-∂-Xns\ \ncp-’m-l-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mWv D’m-ln-®-Xv. \K-c-Øn¬ \ntcm-[-\m⁄ ]Jym-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

8485

]n-°m≥ t]mepw Btem-N\ \S-∂p. ÿew In´msX hnj-an®psIm≠n-cn-°p-tºm-gmWv _m-^JnXßƒ Xs‚ kplr-Ømb _o®vtlm´¬ DS-a-ÿ≥ _mes\ I≠-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ DS-a-ÿ-X-bn¬_o®v tlm´-en\v kao-]-Øp≈ ÿew ktΩ-f-\-Øn-\mbn hn´v Xc-W-sa∂v _m-^JnXßƒ Bh-iy-s∏-´p. _me≥ kt¥m-j-]q¿∆wÿew hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. eoKv ]h¿Ø-I-∑m¿ DSs\B ÿeØv \n∂v amen-\y-ßƒ \o°w sNøp-Ibpw AhnsS ktΩ-f\ \Kcn ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-I-bpw- sN-bvXp. Aß-s\-bmWv Fcp-a-®m-W-I-Øns‚ Nqc-Sn-°p∂ Hcp Ku≠n¬ sh®v C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥apkvenw eoKns‚ H∂m-asØ ae-_m¿ Pn√m ktΩ-f\w tNcm≥ hgnsXfn-™-Xv. _m-^JnXßfmWv ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ kzmK-X-kw-Lm-[y-£≥. C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKv ]kn-U-≠v JmCsZan√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v B[y£w hln-®p. _m-^JnXßfpsS ]uV Kw`o-c-amb kzmKX ]kwKw ]¥≠vt]Pp≈ Hcp eLp-te-J-bmbn hnX-cWw sNøs∏-´p. At±-l-Øns‚kzmKX ]kwKw Bcw-`n-®Xv Cß-s\-bmWv:˛

""am\y ktlm-Z-c-∑msc, kplr-Øp-°-sf, ae-_m¿ Pn-√-bpsSXe-ÿm-\hpw NcnX ]kn-≤-hp-amb Cu ]´-W-Øn¬ sh®v tNcp∂apkvenw eoKns‚ ktΩ-f-\-Øn-te°v \nß-sf-sb√mw kzmKXw sNøp-hm≥ F\n°v km[y-am-bXv Hcp alm- m-Ky-ambn Rm≥ Icp-Xp-∂p. CtX\K-c-Øn¬ sh®v 1941˛¬ BWv ae-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eoKns‚ AXn-]-[m-\-amb Hcp ktΩ-f\w Ahn- ‡ _wKm-fns‚ A∂sØ ][m\a¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ P. F.-sI. k-ep¬ lJns‚ A[y-£-X-bn¬ ktΩ-fn-®-Xv. ]nt‰-s°m√w al-vaq-Zm-_mZv cmPm kmln-_ns‚ A≤y-£-X-bn¬ \n∂pw ]c-k-lkw P\-ßƒ Cu c≠v ktΩ-f-\-ß-fnepw kw_-‘n-®n-cp-∂p.

""Ckvem-ans‚ BZyL´w apX¬°v Xs∂ Cu Pn√-bpsScmjvSob Pohn-X-Øn¬ am∏n-f-am¿ Hcp AXn-]-[m\ LS-I-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xpw ]pcm-X\ lnµp cmPm-°-∑mcpw Ab¬ ]°-°m-cmblnµp-°-fpw Ah-cpsS t\sc Zb-tbmSpw Zm£n-Wy-tØmSpw IqSn-bmWvs]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-∂-Xv F∂ kwK-Xnbpw Ncn-X-]-c-amb Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv..... apkvenw-Ifpw lnµp-°-fpw XΩn-ep≈ kmap-Zm-bnI kulm¿±w\ne-\n¿Øp-Ibpw ]pe¿Øn-s°m≠p hcn-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn\v Xs∂-bmWv apkvenw eoKv Ct∂m-fhpw ]cn-i-an-®n-´p-≈-Xv. Cu Pn√-bnsecmjvSob kzbw-tk-h-I-kw-L-Øn-s‚-˛-B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn-s‚-˛-]-h¿Ø\ßsf Ipdn®pw Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°p-hm≥ \n¿_-



85

‘n-X-\m-b-Xn-\m¬ F\n°v thZ-\-bp-≠v. \n¿`m-Ky-sa∂v ]d-b-s´. CukwL-S-\-bnse saº¿am¿ apkvenw-Iƒs°-Xn-cmbn ISpØ hntZz-j-ßƒ ]N-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw apkvenw-I-fp-ambpw a‰vAln-µp-°-fp-ambpw kmbp-[-kw-L-´-\-Øn\v Ah-cpsS ]cn-io-e\w\¬Ip-Ibpw ]im-¥-amb Cu Pn√-bn¬ kmap -Zm -bnIambkwL¿jhpw G‰p-ap-´-ep-Ifpw D≠m-hp-∂-Xn\v th≠n ]I-S-\-ßfpw]tc-Up-Ifpw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu Pn√-bnse kam-[m-\hpwim¥nbpw `⁄n-°p-hm-\p≈ `b-¶-c-amb CØcw òj-Wn-bn-te°vlnµp kap-Zm-b-Ønse t\Xm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw Kh¨sa‚n-s‚bpw i≤]e-hpcp £Wn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. A\m-imky kw`-h-ßƒ IqSmsX Ign-°m≥ Ah¿ th≠ ]cn-]m-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-sa∂v Rm≥ ]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.Cu Pn√-bnse kam-[m-\-Øn\pw im¥-X°pw as‰mcp alm-hn-]-ØmWvIΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cpsS Xoh ]ÿm-\w. hyh-ÿm-]n-X-amb c-W-Øn\vt\sc P\-ß-fn¬ A]oXn hf¿Øn-s°m-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn\pw sXmgn-em-fn-Ifpw apX-em-fn-amcpw XΩnepw A[ym-]-Icpw hnZym¿∞n-I-fpwXΩnepw amXm-]n-Xm-°∑mcpw k¥m-\-ß-fpw XΩnepw Dc-k-ep-≠m-°p-∂-Xn\pw AXp-hgn Cu \mń¬ Acm-P-I-Xz-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xn\pw th≠nIΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ Ah-cpsS ]X-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw ]kw-K-ß-fn-eq-sSbpwAXn-i-‡-amb ]Nm-c-th-e-Iƒ \S-Øp-I-bm-Wv.

""IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cpsS oIc IpX-¥-ßƒ XS-bp-∂-Xn\v th≠napkvenw eoKpw AXns‚ ]h¿Ø-I∑mcpw Bflm¿∞-ambn ]cn-i-an-®n-´p-≠v. IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ Zb-\o-b-ambn ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p-sh-¶n¬ AXn-\p≈ ImcWw apgp-h-\p-am-bn-s√-¶n¬ A[n-I-]-£hpw apkvenw-eo-Kns‚]n∂n¬ am∏n-f-am¿ ASn-bp-d®p \n∂p F∂-Xm-Wv. IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿°vCu ]c-am¿∞w \∂m-b-dnbmw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv apkvenw eoKns\XnschntZzjw hf¿Øp-Ibpw apkvenw eoKn\v apkvenw-I-fpsS taep≈kzm[o-\-Øn\v Xpc¶w sh°m≥ th≠n sX‰n-≤m-c-W-bp-≠m-°p-∂XpwhntZm-l-]-c-amb ]N-cWw hgn ]cn-iaw \S-Øp-Ibpw apkvenweoKns\ ASn-®-a¿Øm≥ Kh¨sa‚n-t\mSv A`y¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xv. Ah-cpsS hntZz-j-]-c-amb \b-Øn\pw IpX-¥-ßƒ°p-ap≈G‰hpw ASp-Øp≈ Hcp-Zm-l-c-W-amWv \Sp-h-´sØ \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-ambkw`hw kw_-‘n®v Ah¿ kzoI-cn-®n- p≈ \ne-]m-Sv. AhnsS t]meokvshSn-sh-®-Xn\v XpS¿∂v c≠v t]¿ acn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. B kw`hwae-_m-d-nse apkvenw kap-Zm-bsØ BI-am\w Bi-¶m-Ip-ecpw ]£p-_v[-cp-am°n Xo¿Øp. B X°w t\m°n IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ kw -hsØBhp-∂n-S-tØmfw NqjWw sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp.''


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

8687

""A[-n-Ir-X¿s°-Xnsc apkvenw-Isf Cf-°n-hn-Sp-Ibpw Hcpizmk-Øn¬ apkvenw eoKns\ Cu kw`-h-hp-ambn Iqń-t®¿°p-IbpwASpØ \nan-j-Øn¬ Xs∂ Cu kw`-h-Øn¬ apkvenw eoKv Hcphn[-Ønepw Xm¬]cyw ImWn-®n-ń-s√∂pw AXn-\m¬ apkvenw-IƒeoKn¬ \n∂v hn´v t]mc-W-sa∂v apkvenw-I-tfmSv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøpIhgn apkvenw eoKn\v t\sc-bp≈ Xß-fpsS ]I t]m°p-hm≥ IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ Ahsc sIm≠v Bhp-∂n-S-tØmfw ]cn-i-an-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.''

\Sp-h´w kw -h-ß-fpsS bYm¿∞ NnXw Ah-X-cn-∏n®v sIm≠v_m-^JnXßƒ XpS¿∂p. ""Fs‚ kap-Zm-b-Øn-sebpw lnµp kap-Zm-b-Øn-sebpw AwK-ß-tfmSv F\n°v A`y¿∞n-°m-\p-≈Xv Ah¿ \Sp-h´w kw -h-Øns‚ Xn‡-kva-c-W-Iƒ ad-°-W-sa∂pw ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambkulm¿±-tØmSpw aa-X-tbmSpw IqSn Pohn-°-W-sa-∂p-amWv. Nn√dhg-°p-Isf DuXn-s∏m-¥n-°p-Ibpw Ahsb Bbp-[-am°n A[n-Ir-X¿s°-Xnsc ]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Xßsf t]cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cpsS Iøn¬- A-h¿ sN∂p-Nm-Sm-Xn-cn-°s´''

]Iz-a-Xnbpw ]cn-N-b-k-º-∂-\p-amb Hcp P\-t\-Xm-hns‚ Npa-Xem t_m[w kv^pcn®p \n¬°p∂ hm°p-I-fm-bn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßfpsS ]kw-Kw. apkvenw eoKns‚ apt∂m- p≈ ]bm-W-Øn\vAsXmcp apX¬°q-´m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Pn√m ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ NqSm-dpw apºv ae-_m¿ UnkvSnIv‰vt_m¿Un -te -°p -≈ sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]Jym -]n -°-s∏-´p . _m -^JnXßƒ°v ho≠pw Dd-°-an-√mØ cmXn-Iƒ. cmjvSob kJy-ß-sfm∂pw Imcy-ambn Cu sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ cq]-s∏-ń-√. Iqépw Ingn-°epw N¿®-I-fp-ambn Ipsd Znh-k-ßƒ IS-∂p-t]m-bn. HSp-hn¬ ae-_m-dnse ][m\ \ntbm-P-I-a-fi-e-ß-fn-se√mw apkvenw eoKn\vÿm\m¿∞n-I-fp-≠m-hp-sa∂v _m- JnXßƒ ]Jym-]n-®p. BtcmSpwIq´p-tN-cm-sX-bmWv eoKns‚ a’-cw.

sImSp-h-≈n, sImt≠m-ń, at©-cn, tIm´-°¬, Xncq-c-ßm-Sn,s]cn-¥¬a-Æ, Xncq¿, hS-I-c, \mZm-]p-cw, h≠q¿, Ip‰n-∏pdw apX-embafi-e-ß-fn-emWv apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ a’-cn-®-Xv. \nb-a-k`m afi-e-ßƒ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p UnkvSnIvSv t_m¿Uv \ntbm-PIafi-e-ßƒ.

sXc-s™-Sp∏v êw IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń°v A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. 18 HutZym-KnI ÿm\m¿∞n-I-sfbpw Bdv kzX¥∑mscbpwhnP-bn-∏n-°m≥ Ah¿°v Ign-™p. tIm¨K-kn\v Inń-bXv 15 ko‰p-



87

Iƒ. ]Pm-tkm-jy-enÃv ]m¿ń°v Hcp ko‰v amXw e`n-®p. F´v ko‰p-Iƒ t\Sn apkvenw eoKv aq∂m-asØ cmjvSob i‡n-bm-sW∂v sXfn-bn®v sIm≠v ap≥h-cn-bn¬ Ibdn \n∂p.

P\m-[n-]-Xy-i-‡n-Iƒ `n∂n®v a’-cn-®m¬ AXns‚ KpW-t`m-‡m-°ƒ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Pn√m t_m¿Uv sXc-s™-Sp∏v e-ßƒ tIc-fo-bsc DW¿Øn. Bib ]Nm-cWØn\p≈\s√m-c-h-k-c-am-bmWv _m- JnXßƒ Cu sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-s\bpw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. Ign™ \nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-t\-°mƒ aq∂vko‰p-I-fmWv apkvenw eoKv IqSp-X¬ t\Sn-b-Xv. hy‡-amb hf¿®m\nc°v ]cm-Pn-X-cmb eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ KWy-amb thm´v t\Sn._m-^JnXßfpsS Bi-b-]-Nm-cWw hnP-bn-®p F∂-Xns‚ sXfnhv.sImSp -h-≈n-bn¬ hnP-bn® apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n hn.Cºn®nt°mb°v 8438 thm´p-Ifpw tIm´-°-en¬ \n∂v hnP-bn® eoKvÿm\m¿∞n sI. tN°p-ń°v 8004 thm´p-Ifpw s]cn-¥¬a-Æ-bn¬\n∂v hnP-bn® ]n.-Sn. sskZn\v 4926 thm´p-Ifpw a¶-S-bn¬ hnP-bn®]n.-hn.-F-kv. apkvX^ ]qt°m-b-X-ßƒ°v 5171 thm´p-Ifpw t\Sm-\m-b-t∏mƒ ]cm-P-b-s∏´ apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fn¬ ]ecpw hnP-bn® eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-I-tf-°mƒ thm´v t\Sn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v hS-I-c-bn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏´ apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n ]n.-sI.-kn. t]m°¿ kmln_v 10238 thm´p-Iƒ t\Sn. AXns‚ ]IpXnthm´v amXw t\Snb ]ecpw a‰p afi-e-ß-fn¬ hnP-bn-®p. CsXmcphntcm-[m-`mkw Xs∂. \mZm-]p-cØv ]cm-P-b-s∏´ apkvenw eoKvÿm\m¿∞n ]n.-kn. al-aqZv kmln_v t\Sn-bXv 11403 thm´p-I-fm-Wv.

Hcp hntijw IqSn: hS-Ic \n-tbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ sXc-s™-Sp∏v Ncn-X-Øn-em-[y-ambn kzmX-¥y-Øn\v tijw Hcp apkvenweoKv ÿm\m¿∞n a’-cn-®Xv ta¬]-d™ UnkvSnIvSv t_m¿Uv sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-em-Wv. B ÿm\m¿∞n-bm-hm-\p≈ mKyw kn≤n-®Xv hS-I-c-bnse apkvenw eoKns‚ ]nb-¶-c-\mb ]n.-sI.-kn. t]m°¿ kmln-_n-\m-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw hnP-b-Øns‚ ]Sn-hm-Xn¬°¬ hsc-sb-Øn.hS-Ic-bn¬ AXn\v tijw Hcp apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n \nb-a-k-`m-a-fi-e-Øn¬ a’-cn-®n-ń-√. ]n.-sI.-kn. t]m°¿ kmln-_ns‚ ac-W-Øn\v tijw A-t±-l-Øns‚ kvamc-I-ambn \n¿Ωn® ]n.-sI.-kn.kvamcI ku[-Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ apkvenw eoKv Hmô-kn¬ sh®vHcp ]g-b-Ime apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-I≥ ]d-™Xv _m-^JnXßƒaq∂v XhW ]n.-sI.-kn.bpsS sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]Nm-c-W-Øn\v th≠nhS-I-c-bn¬ h∂n-cp∂p F∂m-Wv.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

8889

ae-_m¿ UnkvSnIvSv t_m¿Un-te-°p≈ sXc-s™-Sp∏vIgn™p H∂p-d-ßm≥ InS-∂-t∏m-tg°pw AXm apg-ßp∂p ap\n-kn-∏¬sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-\p≈ aWn-\m-Zw.

tImgn-t°m-Sv, Xe-t»cn \K-c-k-`-I-fn-te-°p≈ sXc-s™-Sp-∏mWv BZyw \S-∂-Xv. AXn\v tijw IÆq¿, ]me-°m-Sv, t^m¿´vsIm®n \K-c-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-Iƒ.

\nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v tijw Nne ]gb ]m¿ń-Iƒ C√m-Xm-hp-Ibpw ]Icw Nne ]pXnb ]m¿ń-Iƒ P∑-sa-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.Inkm≥ akvZq¿ ]Pm ]m¿ń C¥y≥ tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń-bp-ambnebn®v ]Pm tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń-bmbn amdn. _n.-sP.-]n-bpsS BZn-cq-]-amb P\-kwLw 1954˛¬ tUm. iyma ]kmZv apJ¿Pn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ cq]-h-XvI-cn-®p. Cu ]m¿ń-I-sf√mw ap\n-kn-∏¬ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ mKy-]-co-£-W-Øn-\n-d-ßn. G‰hpw P\-i≤ BI¿jn® sXc-s™-Sp∏v a’cw \S-∂Xv tImgn-t°mSv ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-bnse 21˛mwhm¿Un¬ AYhm ]c-∏n¬ hm¿Un-em-bn-cp-∂p. tIm¨K-kp-Im-c-\mbapkvenw-Iƒ°v ta[m-hn-Ø-ap≈ Hcp ]tZ-i-am-W-Xv. apl-ΩZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ kmln-_ns‚ Imew apX¬ tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ A\m-bm-tk\Pbn®p Ib-dm-dp≈ hm¿Uv. ChnsS tIm¨Kkv ÿm\m¿∞n-bmbna’-cn-°p-∂Xv Xe-ap-Xn¿∂ tIm¨Kkv t\Xm-hmb F. apl-ΩZvtImb F∂ A∏-t°m-b. At±lw ]n∂oSv sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. P\-d¬skI- -dn-bmbn´p≠v. At±-lsØ t\cn-Sp-∂Xv apkvenw eoKns‚ bph-t\-Xm-hmb kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb. c≠p tImb-am-cpsS a’cwDtZz-K-P-\-I-amb t]mcm-´-ambn tIc-f-amsI IuXp-I-ap-W¿Øn.

""sXc-s™-Sp∏v XnøXn ]Jym-]n-°-s∏- Xv apX¬ tImgn-t°mSv]´Ww Hcp atlm-’-h-Øns‚ ]Xo-Xn-b-W-™p. a’c cwK-Øp-≠m-bn-cp∂ ][m\ cmjvSob ]m¿ń-Iƒ tIm¨Kkpw apkvenw eoKpwIΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ńbpw ]n.-F-kv.-]n.bpw Bbn-cp-∂p. Nne hm¿Up-I-fn¬ P\-kwLw ÿm\m¿∞n-Ifpw a’-cn®p. ]d-b-Ø° cmjvSobap∂-Wn-I-sfm∂pw Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn cq]-s∏- n-cp-∂n-√. F¶nepw apkvenweoKn-s\-Xn-cmbn H‰-s°-´mbn \n¬°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp clky DSºSntIm¨Kkpw IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ńbpw Nnte-S-ß-fn¬ ]n.-F-kv.-]n.bpwP\-kw-Lhpw XΩn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Nne hm¿Up-I-fn¬ CXv cl-ky-am-sW-¶n¬ a‰p Nne hm¿Up-I-fn¬ Cu eoKv hncp≤ D]-Pm-]-ap-∂WnF√m ad-Ifpw \o°n ]c-ky-ambn Xs∂ cwKØp h∂p. F√m acym-Z-Ifpw ad∂v Ah¿ Poh∑-cW t]mcm-´w \S-Øn-bXv tImgn-t°mSv21˛mw \º¿ ]c-∏n¬ hm¿Un-em-bn-cp-∂p. ImcWw as‰m-∂p-a√. AhnsS



89

a’-cn-°p-∂Xv apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-bm-bn-cp-∂p.''

apkvenw eoKn-√mØ ap\n-kn-∏m-en‰n F∂-XmWv tIm¨KkvDb¿Øn-∏n-Sn® apZm-hm-Iyw. IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿°pw th≠Xv AXvXs∂. Hcp sXc-s™-Sp∏v tbmK-Øn¬ kn.-F®v. tNmZn-®p. ""tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv apkvenw eoKn-√mØ ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-bm-Wv Bh-iy-sa-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬ Ip≠pw Ipgnbpw sNfnbpw sImXp-Ip-an-√mØHcp ap\n-kn-∏m-en‰n thW-sa∂v F¥v sIm≠v Ah¿ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂n√?''

tImgn-t°mSv ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-bn¬ a’-cn-°p∂ apkvenw eoKvÿm\m¿∞n-I-fpsS ]´nI _m-^JnXßƒ Ip‰n-®n-d-bn¬ tN¿∂ Hcps]mXptbmK-Øn-emWv ]Jym-]n-®-Xv. F´v HutZym-KnI ÿm\m¿∞n-Ifpw ]Øp kzX-¥-ÿm-\m¿∞n-I-fp-amWv apkvenw eoKn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

kn. -F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-bpsS ÿm\m¿∞nXzw _m-^JnXßfpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb A`n-am-\-Øns‚ ]iv\-ambn amdn.]tbm-Kn-°m-hp∂ F√m AS-hp-Ifpw X¥-ßfpw tIm¨Kkvÿm\m¿∞n°v th≠n ]b-‰n. ]mtZ-inI t\Xm-°-∑m¿ apX¬ AJn-te¥ym t\Xm-°-∑m¿ hsc A∏-t°m-b°v th≠n Hcp thm´p ]nSn-°m≥ ]c-∏nse hoSp-Iƒ tXmdpw Ib-dn-bn-d-ßn. ][m\ a¥n-bpsS]m¿e-sa‚dn skI-´-dn-bmb kmZØv Aen-Jm≥ F∂ tZiobt\Xmhp t]mepw ]Nm-c-th-e°v th≠n U¬ln-bn¬ \n∂pw tImgn-t°ms´ ]c-∏n¬ hm¿Un-se-Øn. apkvenw ]fin-X-∑msc sIm≠p-h∂vapkvenw eoKn-s\-Xn-cmbn ]kw-Kn-∏n-®p. Ip‰n-®n-d-bn¬ kp∂o bph-P-\-kw-LØns‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ Hcp \_n-Zn\ tbmKw kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw B tbmKsØ eoKv hncp≤ sXc-s™-Sp∏v tbmK-am°n am‰p-Ibpw sNbvXp. bYm¿∞ kp∂o bph-P-\-kw-L-Øn\v CXn¬ ]¶n-

s√∂v AXns‚ `mc-hm-ln-I-f-dn-bn-®p.

1. kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb- -cm-jvSob Poh-N-cnXw (Fw.-kn.)

90


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

90

8ssltd-©ns‚ Xm°oXv

e£-Zzo-]n¬ \n∂v a¥-hm-Zn-Ø-ß-∑msc sIm≠p-h∂v kn.-F-®n-s\-Xnsc Zpjv]-Nm-cWw \S-Øn. 14 Xß-∑m¿ H∏p-sh® t\mó-kn¬ apkvenwIƒ tIm¨K-kn\v thm´p sNø-W-sa∂v A`y¿∞n-®p.

""sRń°pw sR-ń°pwssIh≠n eoKns\ sRń°pwtXm¬∏n°pw tXm¬∏n°pwssIh≠n eoKns\ tXm¬]n°pw''CXm-bn-cp∂p k¿∆X Db¿∂p tI´ apZm-hm-Iyw. ]mh-ß-

fmb ssIh≠n sXmgn-em-fn-Ifpw Npa´p sXmgn-em-fn-I-fp-am-bn-cp∂papkvenw eoKns‚ ap∂Wn ]h¿Ø-I-∑m¿. AXp sIm≠mWvssIh≠n eosK∂v Bt£-]-ap-≠m-b-Xv. A≤zm-\-io-ecpw A`n-am-\n-Ifpw cmjvSo-b-ambn DZv_p-≤-cp-am-bn-cp∂ sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS hnIm-c-ßsf B apZm-hmIyw hW-s∏-Sp-Øn. \qdp-I-W-°n\v ssIh-≠n-I-fp-ambn sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ \K-csØ sRń-°p∂ ]I-S\w \S-Øns°m≠vXß-fpsS k∂-≤X hnfw-_cw sNbvXp. ""Npa-´p-Im-cp-sSbpw ssIh-≠n-°m-cp-sSbpw ÿm\m¿∞n-bmb kn.-F-®ns\ hnP-bn-∏n-°m≥ Ah¿hmin-tbmsS cwK-Øn-d-ßn. ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ kwL¿j-`-cn-X-ambn hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ae-_m-dnse Ip]-kn≤ Kp≠-I-sf√mw ]c-∏n-te°vdnIq´v sNø-s∏-´p. eoKp-Im-cpsS tbmK-ßƒ Ie-°p-I, eoKv ]h¿Ø-I-∑msc Iq°n-hn-fn-°pI apX-em-b-h-bm-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS tPmen-Iƒ''

ae-_m-dns‚ hnhn[ tImWp-I-fn¬ \n∂v eoKv ]h¿Ø-I-∑m¿tImgn-t°m-s -Øn. ]c-∏n¬ hm¿Un¬ Xº-Sn-®p. Rc-ºp-Iƒ apdn-°p∂t]mcm-´w. _m-^JnXßƒ ChnsS BZym-h-km-\-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p.At±lw ]e-X-hW AI-an-I-fpsS Itø-‰-ßƒ°v hnt[-b-\m-bn. sXc-s™-Sp∏v Znhkw _qØv ]nSn-°-en-t\mSv kmZr-iy-ap≈ Nne kw`-h-



91

ßƒ \S-∂p. apkvenw eoKv t\Xm-°sf _qØv kµ¿in-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-®n-√. _m-^JnXßƒ AXp-hgn \S∂p h∂-t∏mƒ Nne kmaq-ly-hn-cp-≤¿ Nq≠-sb-dn™v At±-l-Øns‚ Xe-∏mhv Xń-sb-Sp-°m≥ian-®p. ÿm\m¿∞n-bmb kn.-F-®ns\ t]mepw t]mfnwKv _qØmbFw.-Fw. sslkvIqƒ IS-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-®n-√.

_m-^JnXßƒ AXy¥w Zp:JnX-\m-bn-cp-∂p. t]mfnwKv_qØn\v apºn¬ Zp:JmIp-e-amb apJ-tØmSp IqSn At±lw Hcp Itk-c-bn¬ Ccp-∂p. Cu Ccn∏v thm´p-sN-øm≥ Iyqhn¬ \n¬°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂ apkvenw kvXoIsf h√msX kzm[o-\n-®p-sh∂pw AsXmcp kl-Xm-]-X-cw-K-ambn amdn-sb∂pw A∂sØ kl-]-h¿Ø-I-∑m¿ km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ""D®-hsc tIm¨Kkv ÿm\m¿∞n-°-\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp∂pt]mfnw-Kns‚ KXn. D®°v tijw Im‰ns‚ KXn amdn. Kp≠m-bn-ksØAtX \mW-b-Øn¬ Xs∂ t\cn-Sm≥ eoKv hf-≠n-b¿am¿ Xøm-sd-Sp-Øp. Fw.-]n.-Fw. Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ, Nm°ocn AlavZv Ipń apX-emb t\Xm-°ƒ ]h¿Ø-I-∑m-cpsS IqsS tN¿∂v GXv ÿnXn-hn-ti-j-sØbpw t\cn-Sp-sa∂v hy‡-am°n sImSp-Øp. D® Xncn-™-t∏mƒ\nc-\n-c-bmbn AWn \nc∂ apkvenw eoKv kvXoI-fpsS Ac-tß-‰-amWv I≠-Xv. apkvenw eoKn\v thm´p sNøm-s\-Ønb ktlm-Z-cn-am¿°vhgn-bn¬ sh®v IqIepw sXdnbpw tIƒt°≠n h∂p.''

Cu IjvS-∏m-Sp-Iƒs°√mw HSp-hn¬ e-kn-≤n-bp-≠m-bn. sXc-s™-S-∏n¬ kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb hnP-bn-®p. At±-l-Øn\v 1180thm v Inń. F√m I£n-I-fp-sSbpw ]n¥p-W-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ tIm¨Kkvÿm\m¿∞n A∏-t°m-b°v Inń-bXv 1136 thm´p-Iƒ.

_m-^JnXßƒ°v Bizm-k-am-bn. Ign™ Hcp amk-°m-e-ambn At±lw ISpØ am\-knI kwL¿j-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. \njv]-bmkw Pbn®p Ib-dm-hp∂ Xs‚ ]gb hm¿Un¬ \n∂v kn.-F-®ns\hnP-b-]-Xo-£-bn-√mØ ]c-∏n¬ hm¿Un-te°v ]dn®p \´Xv _m-^JnXßfpsS ]co-£W hyK-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B hm¿Uv ]nSn-s®-Sp-°m≥ kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbsb t]mep≈ Hcp t]mcmfn Xs∂thW-sa∂ _m-^JnXßfpsS IW°p Iq´¬ icn Xs∂. ]s£B ]co-£Ww ]cm-P-b-s∏´p t]mbn-cp-s∂-¶ntem? ]m¿ń-°p-≈n¬sh®v At±lw ]gn tIƒt°≠n hcp-sa∂v Xo¿®. amX-a√ AXvAt±-l-Øns‚ A\n-tj-[y-amb t\Xr-]m-S-h-Øn\p ta¬ Icn-\n-g¬hogvØp-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. `mKy-Øn\v AsXm∂pw kw`-hn-®n-√. _m-^JnXßfpsS ta¬ ]qs®-≠p-Iƒ h¿jn-°-s∏´p. At±-l-Øns‚ t]gvk-W¬ Km^v tatemt´°v Db-cp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p ˛ ]n∂o-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

9293

sSm-cn-°epw XmWp t]mbn-ń-√mØ Db¿®.Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iqdpw sIm®nbpw ae-_mdpw Bbn apdn™p InS-

∂n-cp∂ ae-bm-f-°-csb PÃnkv ^k¬ Aenbpw ]fin‰v lrZ-b-\mY Ip≥kphpw k¿Zm¿ sI.-Fw. ]Wn-°cpw tN¿∂v GIo-IrXtIc-f-am°n. B aq∂v ]K-¤-cm-bn-cp∂p mjm kwÿm\ ]p\-kw-L-S\m IΩo-j-\nse AwK-ßƒ.

"\ΩpsS P\m-[n-]Xy tIcfw h∂m¬A∂v \Ωƒ \S°pwBWp-ßsf t]mse...'tIcfw apgp-h≥ \nd-s™m-gp-Inb Cuc-Sn-I-fm-bn-cp∂p AXv.

1956 \hw-_¿ 1˛mw XnøXn sFIy-tI-cf kwÿm\w DS-se-Sp-Ø-t∏m-ƒ AsXmcp P\-X-bpsS \o≠ ImesØ ImØn-cn-∏ns‚ ê-]-]vXn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ae-_m¿ Pn√-bn¬ HXp-ßn-°-gn-™n-cp∂ _m- JnXßƒkwÿm\ t\Xm-hmbn amdm≥ t]mIp∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ kwL-S\tIcf cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb kzm[o\ i‡n-bmbn hf-cm≥t]mIp-∂p. sFIy-tI-cfw sIm≠p h∂ Hcp ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-am-bn-cp∂pAXv.

15039 NXp-c-i ssa¬ hnkvXo¿Æhpw 135.5 e£w P\-ß-fp-ap≈ tIcf kwÿm\w angn Xpd-∂-t∏mƒ BtLm-jn-°m≥ ChnsSsXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ Hcp Kh¨sa‚ v D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Xncp- -sIm-®n-bn¬]\-ºn≈n tKmhn-µ-ta-t\ms‚ tIm¨Kkv Kh¨sa‚ v Iqdp-am-‰sØXpS¿∂v ]cm-P-b-s∏-´-t∏mƒ AhnsS hn[n-°-s∏-´Xv AssUz-k¿ `c-Ww. ae-_m¿ BsW-¶n¬ aZmkv kwÿm-\Øv \n∂v th¿]n-cn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\m¬ Xncp-˛-sIm-®n-bnse AssUz-k¿ `cWwae-_mdnte°v \oń. tIc-f-amsI D]-tZin `c-W-Øns‚ Iogn-em-bn.]n.-F-kv. dmhp Bbn-cp∂p Xm¬°m-enI Kh¿W¿. sI. cmhpÆntat\m≥ At±-l-Øns‚ D]-tZ-i-I-\pw. ]n∂oSv ÿncw Kh¿W-dmbn\nb-an-X-\m-bXv _n. cma-IrjvW dmhp.

tIcfw ]nd∂v hoWv c≠mgvN Ign-™-t∏mƒ Xs∂ tIcftÃ‰v apkvenw eoKv IΩn-‰nbpw cq]oI-cn-°-s∏-´p. Fd-Wm-Ip-fØvtN¿∂ Hcp h≥ ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ sh®mWv tIcf tÃ‰v apkvenw eoKvIΩn-‰n-bpsS Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb DZvLm-S\w C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenweoKv ]kn-U≠v JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v\n¿∆-ln-®-Xv. H∂m-asØ kwÿm\ ]kn-U-≠mbn F√m-hcpw ]Xo-£n-®Xv t]mse _m- JnXßƒ sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- p. sI.-Fw. koXnkmln-_m-bn-cp∂p skI-´-dn. ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS Nnc-Im-em-`n-em-j-amb



93

tIcf tÃ‰ns\ JmCsZ an√Øv A\p-tam-Zn-®p-˛-hy-‡n-]-c-ambnAt±lw `mjm kwÿm\ co]o-I-c-W-tØmSv hntbm-Pn-∏p-≈-h-\m-sW-¶nepw ˛ tIc-f-Øns‚ amX-a√ cm-Py-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ A`n-hr-≤n°v th≠n sFIy-tØmsS ]h¿Øn-°m≥ At±lw tIc-fobscBlzm\w sNbvXp.

_m-^JnXßƒ apkvenw eoKns‚ imJ-Iƒ sXt°m-t´°v]S¿Øp-hm-\p≈ ia-Øn-em-Wv apgp-In-b-Xv. h©n-\m- nepw thWm- nepwAt±-l-Øns‚ Blzm\w kzoI-cn-°m≥ Bfp-Iƒ apt∂m´v h∂p.sX°≥ Pn√-I-fn¬ apkvenw eoKv Xg®p hf-cm≥ XpS-ßn.cmjvSobap≈Xpw cmjvSo-b-an-√m-Ø-Xp-amb ]e Xcw apkvenw kwL-S-\-Isf ]co-£n®v ]co-£o-Wn-X-cmb Xncp-hnXmwIqdnse apkvenwkaqlw hniz-kn-°m≥ sIm≈m-hp∂ Hcp t\Xr-XzsØ D‰p t\m°p-tºm-gm-Wv _m-^JnXßƒ \of-°p-∏m-b-hpw Xe-∏mhpw Npa-en¬apkvenw eoKns‚ sImSn-bp-ambn Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ IS∂p sN∂-Xv.At±lw B Pn√-I-fn¬ \S-Ønb ]cy-S\w Hcp ssPX-bm-X-bpsSê-ap-f-hm-°n. B ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ ]h¿Øn-®n-cp∂ Acm-jvSobapkvenw kwL-S-\-Iƒ H∂p-In¬ apkvenw eoKn¬ hne-bn-°p-ItbmAs√-¶n¬ ]h¿Ø\w ac-hn-∏n-°p-Itbm sNbvXp.

Cu apt∂-‰-Øn-\n-S-bn-emWv ho≠pw s]mXp sXc-s™-Sp∏v]Jym-]n-°-s∏-´-Xv. C¥y≥ bqWn-b-\nse c≠m-a-sØbpw \h-PmXtIc-f-Ønse H∂m-a-sØbpw sXc-s™-Sp-∏v. B sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ hn[n-\n¿Æm-b-I-amb Hcp cmjvSob iIXn-bm°n apkvenw eoKns\ k÷o-I-cn-s®-Sp-°embn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßfpsS apºn-ep≈ AP-≠. AXn-\p≈ ]Xyb imkvX-]-chpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb AS-hp-Ifpw X¥-ßfpw At±-l-Øns‚ Xe-°-I-Øn-cp∂v ]pI-bm≥ XpS-ßn. At±lwapkvenw eoKns‚ kwÿm\ IΩn‰n tbmKw hnfn-®p-Iq-ń.

Xncp- -sIm®n \nbak -bn¬ G‰hpw ASpØv \S∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń AXns‚ ta[m-hnXzw sXfn-bn®v Ign-™n-cp-∂p. ae-_m-dn-em-sW-¶n¬ UnkvSnIvSv t_m¿Uv sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬Ah¿ G‰hpw henb H‰ I£n-bm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xncp- -sIm-®nbpw ae-_mdpw IqSn-t®-cp-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ cmjvSob ]In-b-bn¬IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń G‰hpw henb H‰-∏m¿ń-bmbn Db¿∂p \n¬°m-\p≈ km[yX kq£va-Zr-°p-Iƒ°v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q._mem-cn-jvSX amdmØ tIc-f-sØ "I¬°Øm kn≤m¥'Øns‚lmwKv Hmh-dn¬ \n∂pw C\nbpw ap‡-am-hmØ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS Iøn¬ G¬∏n-°p-∂Xv P\m-[n-]Xy kº-Zm-b-ß-fpsS Btcm-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

9495

Ky-I-c-amb \ne-\n¬∏n\v lm\n-I-c-ambn Xo¿t∂-°p-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p_m-^JnXßfpsS Bi-¶. Cu DXvIWvT At±lw apkvenw eoKvIΩn-‰n-bpsS apºmsI Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. apkvenw eoKv IΩn-‰n-°p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv AtX A`n-]m-bw. B A`n-]mbw Hcp cmjvSob ]ta-b-ambn cq]w sIm≠p. Bk-∂-amb sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIcf kwÿm-\Øv tIm¨Kkpw ]n.-F-kv.-]nbpw apkvenw eoKp-a-S-ßp∂ P\m-[n-]Xy cmjvSob ]m¿ń-Iƒ Hcp kwbp-‡(-sF-Iy)-ap-∂Wn cq]o-I-cn-°-W-sa∂ Blzm-\-amWv B ]ta-bw.

]tabw cmjvSob Xe-ß-fn¬ N¿®m-hn-j-b-am-bn.tIm¨K-knse Hcp hn`mKw apkvenw eoKns‚ ]ta-b-Øn\v

A\p-Iq-e-ambn ]Xn-I-cn-®p. tIm¨K-kns‚ AJn-te¥ym t\XmhvFkv.-sI. ]mó¬ sXc-s™-Sp∏v N¿®Iƒ°mbn tIc-f-Øn-se-Øn.Xe-aqØ cmPy-X-¥-⁄\pw `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bp-am-bn-cp∂p ]mó¬.cmjvSob X¥-ßƒ°v ]pIƒs]-‰-h-\m-W-t±-lw. IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS i‡n-tI-µ-amb B‘-bn¬ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ńsb \new]cn-im-°n-bXv Fkv.-sI. ]mó-ens‚ cmjvSob X¥-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p.

Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv sI.-Fw. koXn kmln-_ns‚ hk-Xn-bn¬sh®v ]mó¬ apkvenw eoKv t\Xm-°-fp-ambn Imcy-am-X-]-k-‡-ambN¿®-Iƒ \S-Øn. Unkw-_¿ 21˛mw Xnø-Xn-bm-bn-cp∂p ]mó¬-˛-koXnkmln_v N¿®. ]Øp Znh-k-ßƒ°p tijw apkvenw eoKns‚ AJn-te¥ym ]kn-U≠v apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln-_v, _m-^JnXßƒF∂n-h-c-S-ßp∂ apkvenw eoKv t\Xr-kwLw tIm¨Kkv t\Xm-°-fmb ]\-ºn≈n tKmhn-µ-ta-t\m≥, sI.-F. Zmtam-Zc tat\m≥, hn.-sI. Ipń apX-emb t\Xm-°-fp-ambn c≠mw L´ kw`m-jWw \S-Øn. N¿®-Ifpw \nK-a-\-ßfpw Hcp tcJ-bmbn FgpXn Xøm-dm-°n.B tcJ F.-sF.-kn.knbpsS A\p-a-Xn-°mbn ]\-ºn≈n tKmhnµtat\m≥ sIm≠p-t]m-bn. C≥tUm-dn¬ tN¿∂ F.-sF.-kn. ktΩ-f\w ]kvXpX tcJ AwKo-I-cn-®n-√. tIc-f-Øns‚ lrZ-b-XmfwtIƒ°m-\m-ImØ tIm¨K-kns‚ tIµ-t\-XrXzw AXn\v I\Øhne \¬tI-≠n-h∂ IY \ap°v XpS¿∂p≈ A[ym-b-ß-fn¬ hmbn-°mw. Npcp°n ]d-™m¬ 1957˛se tIcf sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenweoKpw tIm¨Kkpw ]n.-F-kv.-]n.bpw kl-I-cn°W-sa∂ eoKns‚Xocp-am\w \nd-th-‰-s∏-SmØ Hc-`n-emjw amX-ambn Xo¿∂p.

_m-^JnXßƒ \ncm-i-\m-bn-√. At±lw shdp-sX-bn-cp-∂Xp-an√. ]Pm-tkm-jy-enÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS hµy-h-tbm-[n-I-\mb t\Xmhv tUm.sI.-_n. tat\m-\p-ambn At±lw _‘-s∏-´p. Pb-]-Im-in-s‚bpw Ph-



95

l¿em¬ s\lvdphn-s‚bpw ASpØ kl-]-h¿Ø-I-\mb tUm.tat\m≥ C¥y-bnse apXn¿∂ cmjvSaoamw-k-I\pw tkmjy-enÃv]ÿm-\-Øns‚ BNm-cy-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. ImgvN-i‡n an°-hmdpw \jvS-s∏´ IÆp-I-fp-am-bn, ]c-k-lmbw sIm≠p amXw Fgp-Xm\pw hmbn-°m\pw Ign-bp∂ tUm. tat\m≥ _m-^JnXßsf hm’-ey-]q¿∆whmcn-∏p-W¿∂p. Ah¿ t\csØ Xs∂ ]c-kv]cw BZ-c-hp-Iƒ sh®p]pe¿Øp-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. _m-^JnXßfpsS hm°p-Iƒ tUm.tat\ms‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ ]pXnb cmjvSob Nn¥-I-fp-W¿Øn. ae-_m-dnse Ign™ Nne sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn¬ apkvenw eoKpw tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń-bp-ap-≠m-°nb "[mcW'Ifn-eqsS eoKns‚ kz`m-hhpw \ne-]m-Sp-Ifpw a\- n-em-°m≥ sI.-_n. tat\m\v Ign-™n-cp-∂p. cmPy-X-¥-Øn¬ hntZi k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬ \n∂v Kth-jW _ncpZw t\SnbIm¥-Z¿in-bmb tUm. tat\m-\v Imcy-ß-fpsS ImX¬ Is≠-Øm-\p-≈ Akm-am-\y-amb Dƒ°m-gvN-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw eoKns\h¿÷y-h-kvXp-hmbn At±lw IW-°m-°n-bn-√. tUm. tat\m\pw At±-l-Øns‚ h’e injy-\mb Ac-ßn¬ io[-c\pw IqSn Hcp sshIp-t∂cw _m-^JnXßfpsS hoń¬ h∂p. ]c-º-cm-KX apkvenw ]mN-I-co-Xn-b-\p-k-cn-®p-≠m-°nb hninjvS t`mPy-ßƒ \¬In _m- JnXßƒAhsc k¬I-cn-®p. Zo¿L-Imew \o≠p \n∂ Hcp Nßm-Ø-Øns‚efn-X-amb XpS-°-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. Bim- -cn-X-amb Hcp a\- p-am-bmWv_m- JnXßƒ N¿®m apdn-bn¬ \n∂v ]pdØv h∂-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚apJw ]k-∂-am-bn. Ft¥m hne-a-Xn-°m-\m-hmØ Imcyw t\Sn-sb-SpØpF∂ tXm∂¬ kv^pcn-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p B apJ-Øv.

1957 P\p-hcn 17˛mw XnøXn Fd-Wm-Ip-fØp sh®v ]n.-F-kv.-]n. t\Xm-°-fmb ]´w XmWp ]n≈, ]n.-sI. Ip™p-km-ln-_v, Fw.-]n. tKmhn-µ-ta-t\m≥, kn.-Pn. P\m¿±-\≥ F∂n-h¿ koXn kmln-_ns\I≠v XpS¿ kw`m-j-W-ßƒ \S-Øn.

]nt‰ Znhkw ]n.-F-kv.-]n°v th≠n tUm. sI.-_n. tat\m\pwapkvenw eoKn\v th≠n sI.-Fw. koXn kmln_pw ]n.-F-kv.-]n.-˛-eoKvkJy Icm-dn¬ H∏p sh®p.

cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ apJy-[m-c-bn¬ apkvenw eoKn\v Hcn-°¬ IqSn]th-i\w A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-´p.IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń°pw tIm¨K-kn\pw CS-bn¬ s]s´∂v Hcp _Z¬i‡n-bmbn eoKv-˛-]n.-F-kv.-]n.- kJyw tIcf aÆn¬ thK-Øn¬ thcp]nSn-®p. _m-^JnXßfpw sI.-_n. tat\m\pw Cu _Z¬i-‡n-bpsSin¬]n-I-fmbn P\-lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-jvTn-°-s∏-´p. Cu kJy-i-‡n-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

9697

bpsS Icp-Øp‰ c≠v h‡m-°-fm-bn-cp∂p Ac-ßn¬ io[-c\pw kn.-F®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-bpw.

tIm¨Kkv H‰°v a’-cn-®p. IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ńbpw H‰°vXs∂. ]s£ IΩyq-WnÃpIm¿°v Nne "kzX¥' X¥-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p ˛ Cu kzX-¥-∑m-cmWv Ah-km\w Ahsc c£n-®-Xv. Cu]_e I£n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]Xo-£-bpsS Xncn-\m-f-ambn ]n.-F-kv.]n˛ eoKv kJy-hpw.

]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fpsS BI-a-W-e£yw _m- JnXßfmbn-cp-∂p.F√m Aºp-Ifpw Atßm-t´°v e£yw sh®p. tIm¨K-kp-ImcpwIΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Imcpw Hcp t]mse At±-lsØ b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xmbn tXm∂n.AXp-sIm-≠m-Wt√m Ah¿ At±-l-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn ASn-ÿm\ cln-X-amb Btcm-]-W-ßƒ Hcp k¶n¿Ø\w t]mse Dcp-hn´p \S-∂-Xv._m- JnXßfpsS ]kw-K-Ønse Nne hcn-Iƒ Zp¿hym-Jym-\w- sNbvXvAt±-lsØ tXtPm-h[w sNøm≥ ian-®p. C¥ym Kh¨sa‚ns‚Imivao¿ \bsØ ]n¥m-ßn-s°m≠v ]kw-Kn-°p-tºmƒ _m-^JnXßƒ sFIy-cmjvS k`-bnse C¥y≥ ]Xn-\n[n hn.-sI.IrjvW-ta-t\ms\ t\cnb tXmXn¬ hna¿in-®n-cp-∂p. A-t±-l-Øns‚hmZ-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ]mIn-kvXm≥ apX-se-Sp-°p-∂p-sh∂pw A-t±lwC¥y-bpsS tIkv th≠-t]mse Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n√ F∂pambn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßfpsS Bt£-]w. th≠n h∂m¬ sFIy-cmjvS k`-bn¬\n∂v IrjvW-ta-t\ms\ aS°n hnfn-°Ww F∂pw _m-^JnXßƒarZp-kz-c-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cp-∂p. Hcp sXc-s™-Sp∏v tbmK ]kw-K-ØnseB\p-jw-Kn-I-amb ]cm-a¿j-ßƒ amX-am-bn-cp∂p CXv. "Inń-t∏mbv'F∂ ań¬ hna¿i-I-∑m¿ Cuh-cn-I-fn¬ ]nSn®v Xqßn lmen-fIn.

1957˛¬ tImgn-t°ms´ sh≈-bn¬ IS-∏p-dsØ Hcp sXc-s™-Sp∏v tbmK-Øn¬ ]kw-Kn-°p-tºm-gmWv _m-^JnXßƒ hn.-sI.IrjvW-ta-t\ms\ ]cm-a¿in-®-Xv.

""P\m_v Xß-fpsS ]kwKw C¥y≥ ]m¿e-sa‚n¬ Fs¥-∂n-√mØ tImfn-f°w krjvSn-®p. eoKv t\Xm-hns\ AdÃv sNø-W-sa∂v ]ecpw hnfn®p Iqhn. BbnsS C¥y kµ¿in® djy≥ ][m-\-a¥n Imivao¿ C¥y-bpsS A`n-hmPy LS-I-am-sW∂v ]kvXm-hn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw skIyq-cn‰n Iu¨kn¬ Imivao¿ ]iv\sØ Ipdn®vHcp ]tabw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ djy≥ ]Xn-\n[nbpsS \ne-]mSvamdn. djy A∂v B ]tabw hot‰m sNømXn-cp-∂Xv aqew C¥y-s°-Xn-cmb ]kvXpX ]tabw ]mkm-hp-I-bp-≠m-bn. djy-bpsS \bwC¥y°v A\p-Iq-e-amb \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ ImcWw



97

]iv\-Øns‚ Kuchw At±-lsØ [cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ C¥y≥ ]Xn-\n[n aXn-bm-hm-ØXv sIm≠m-hm-sa∂pw F¶n¬ At±-lsØ Xncn®phnfn-°p-∂-XmWv \√-sX-∂p-am-bn-cp∂p Xß-fpsS ]kw-K-Øns‚ImX¬. Imivao¿ ]iv\w Iøm-fp-∂-Xn¬ IrjvW-ta-t\m≥ ]q¿Æ-ambn ]cm-P-b-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂pw P. Xßƒ ka¿∞n-®p.''1

_m-^JnXßƒs°Xnsc Db¿Øn-hn´ _men-i-amb Btcm-]-W-ßƒ°v adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ apkvenw eoKv t\Xm-°-∑m¿°v an\-s°-tS≠n h∂n-√. ]n.-F-kv.-]n. t\Xm-°ƒ AtX-s‰-Sp-Øp. Ah¿°vIrjvW-ta-t\mt\mSv ]t≠ Xm¬]-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ac-ßn¬ io[-c≥ _m- JnXßsf \J-in-Jm¥w \ymbo-I-cn®v sIm≠v tIc-f-amsI\S-Ønb ]kw-K-ßƒ hm°p-Iƒ sIm≠p≈ Nm´pfn ]kw-K-am-bn-cp-∂p. ""_m- JnXßƒ IrjvW-ta-t\ms\ aS°n hnfn-°-W-sa-∂t√ ]d-™p-≈q. F∂m¬ Rm\nXm ]d-bp-∂p. IrjvW-ta-t\ms\ aS-°n-hn-fn-®m¬ amXw t]mcm cmPy-tZml Ip‰-Øn\v hnNm-cW sNbvXv in£n-°p-Ibpw thWw.'' ˛ io[-c≥ Bh-iy-s∏-´p. B¿Ø-e®p \n∂ P\-k-l-k-ßƒ B ]kwK t[mc-Wn-bn¬ D∑m-Z-e-l-cn-bn-se∂ t]msePbm-chw apg-°n. IrjvW-ta-t\m≥ Cw•-≠n¬ C¥y≥ ssl°-Ωo-j-W-dm-bn-cp∂ ImeØv C¥y≥ ]Xn-tcm[ tk\°v th≠n Ipsd Po∏p-Iƒ hmßm≥ Hm¿U¿ \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. CXn-\p≈ AUzm≥kmbn hen-sbmcp kwJybpw \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ ]-d-™Xv t]mse Po∏p-Iƒ In´msX hcn-Ibpw Iº\n s]mfn-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xns\ XpS¿∂vIrjvW tat\m-s\-Xn-cmb hºn® Agn-a-Xn-bm-tcm-]-W-ßƒ Db-cp-IbpwsNbvXp. Cu Btcm-]-W-ßfpw sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ N¿®m hnj-b-am-bn.

sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]Nm-cWw D®-ÿm-bn-bn-se-Øn. 18 \ntbm-PIafi-e-ß-fn¬ t\cn-´p≈ a’-cw. 56 afi-e-ß-fn¬ XntImW a’-chpw. a‰n-S-ß-fn¬ A©v apX¬ 11 hsc ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ a’-cn-°p∂_lp-tImW a’-chpw. apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fpsS ]ńI P\p-hcn 24˛mw XnøXn _m-^JnXßƒ tImgn-t°m´v ]Jym-]n-®p. 14 afi-e-ß-fmWv eoKn\v a’cn-°m≥ Inń-b-Xv. at©-cn, tImgn-t°m-Sv, ]me-°mSv F∂o temIvk`m afi-e-ß-fnepw apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ a’-cn-°p-sa∂v _m-^JnXßƒ Adn-bn-®p. kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZvtImb kmln_ns‚ t]cpw ÿm\m¿∞n enÃn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.Xm\q¿ afi-e-amWv kn.-F-®n\v th≠n _m-^JnXßƒ I≠p-sh-®-Xv. kn.-F-®ns‚ ""\nb-a-k-`-bn-te-°p≈ I∂n-a-’-c-Øn-\mWv If-sam-cp-ßn-b-Xv. Xm\q¿ apkvenw eoKns‚ kpc-£n-X-amb ko‰m-Wv. B


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

9899

ko‰n¬ kn.-F-®ns\ \n¿Øn-b-t∏mƒ _m-^JnXßfpsS a\- n-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv tIc-f-Ønse F√m afi-e-ß-fnepw sXc-s™-Sp∏va’-c-Øn\v kn.-F-®ns‚ tkh\w D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-sa∂m-bn-cp-∂p.ÿm\m¿∞n kz¥w afi-e-Øn¬ Xf-®n-S-s∏-Sp-Isb∂ ÿnXn Xm\q-cn¬ th≠n-h-cn-√. amX-a√ Xm\q-cn¬ \n∂v kn. C_mlnw Ipń kmln-_ns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ ]mtZ-inI eoKv t\Xm-°-fpsS Hcp \nth-Z-I-kwLw _m- JnXßsf h∂p ImWp-Ibpw kn.-F-®ns\ Xm\q¿ afi-e-Øn¬ ÿm\m¿∞n-bm°n Xc-W-sa∂v At]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. _m- JnXßƒ B At]£ AwKo-I-cn-®p. Aßs\ Hcp \nth-Z\w e`n-®n-s√-¶nepw Xm\q-cn¬ kn.-F-®ns\ Xs∂-bmWv _m-^JnXßƒ ]Jym-]n-°p-I.''

tIm -Kkv ÿm\m¿∞-n-I-fpsS ]Nm-c-W-Øn\v ]fin‰v Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp tIc-f-Øn¬ h∂p. At±lw apkvenw eoKn-s\-Xnsc\ninX hna¿i-\-ß-fm-Wp-b¿Øn-b-Xv. apkvenw eoKns‚ Hcp IjvWwae-_m-dn¬ Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p-sh∂ Imcyw ]kvXm-hn-®p. CXn\psXm´p apºv tIc-f-Øn¬ h∂-t∏mƒ s\lvdp ]d-™-Xv ""apkvenw eoKvHcp NØ IpXn-c-bm-Wv. AXv ImgvN_w•m-hn¬ kq£n-t°≠ hkvXp-hmWv'' F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. CXn\v adp-]-Sn-bmbn s]m∂m\n IS-∏p-dsØhºn® ]pcp-jm-csØ t\m°n sIm≠v kn.-F-®v. ]d-™p. ""A√ ]fin-‰- vPn apkvenw eoKv NØ IpXn-c-b-√. AXv Dd-ßn-°n-S-°p∂ knwl-am-Wv. AXns‚ K¿÷\w Cu D]-`q-J-fi-Øn¬ ho≠pw apg-ßpw.'' ]n.-F-kv.-]n- -eoKv kJysØ ]cm-a¿in®p sIm≠v s\lvdp ]d-™Xv ""c≠vapS-¥∑m¿ IqSn-bm¬ Hcp \√ a\p-jy-\m-In√'' F∂m-Wv.

sXc-s™-Sp∏v Ign-™-p. IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń°v 60 ko‰p-Iƒe`n-®p. tIm¨K-kn\v 43 ko‰p-I-f-pw. ]n.-F-kv.-]n°v HºXv ko‰p-Ifpwapkvenw eoKn\v F´v ko‰p-I-fp-amWv Inń-b-Xv. GXm\pw kzX¥ÿm\m¿∞n-Ifpw hnP-bn-®p. Ch-cn¬ A©v t]¿ IΩyq-WnÃv ]n¥p-W-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS ]n¥pWtbmsS C.-Fw.-F-kv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cn-®p.sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-eqsS Hcp IΩyq-WnÃv Kh¨sa‚ v D≠m-hp-I-sb∂temI-Ønse BZy kw`-hw.

Xncp-hnXmwIqdpw sIm®nbpw ae-_mdpw tN¿∂v tIcfkwÿm\w cq]o-Ir-X-am-Ip∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Xs∂ IΩyq-WnÃv]m¿ń°v ap≥Xq°w In´p-sa∂v cmjvSob \nco-£-I≥am¿ ]h-Nn-®n-cp-∂p. ae-_mdn¬ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń°v hy‡-amb ta[m-hnØw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tIm¨K-kns‚ i‡n Zp¿§-ß-fmb I\ym-Ip-amcn ]tZiw



99

Xan-gv\m-Sn\v hn´p sImSp-t°≠n hcn-Ibpw IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń°vkzm[o-\-ap≈ Xncp-˛-sIm-®n-tbmSv ae-_m¿ Iqń-t®¿°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ Hcp IΩyq-WnÃv ta[m-hnØw hcp-sa∂v Dd-∏m-Wv. tIcfwcq]o-Ir-X-am-b-tXmsS IΩyq-WnÃpImsc FXn¿Øn-cp∂ InkvXy-m-\n-I-fpsS FÆw 31 iX-am-\-Øn¬ \n∂v 24 iX-am-\-ambn Ipd-™pt]mbn. IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cpsS A\p-`m-hn-I-fmb Cug-h-∑m-cpsS iX-am\w 22- ¬ \n∂v 26 Bbn h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu LS-I-ß-fmWv tIc-fsØ IΩyq-WnÃv `c-W-Øn-te°v \bn-®-Xv.

Sn.-hn. tXma-kns\ adn-I-S-∂m-Wv C.-Fw.-F-kv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSvtIc-f-Øns‚ apJy-a-¥n-bm-b-Xv. Xncp-˛-sIm®n \nb-a-k-`-bnse ]K-¤-\mb ]Xn-]£ t\Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p Sn.-hn. tXma-kv. IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń\S-Ønb ]kn-≤-amb ]p∂-]-˛-h-b-em¿ ka-c-Øns‚ hoc-\m-b-I\pwSn.-hn.-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C.-Fw.-F-kn\msW-¶n¬ Hcp IpSn-In-S∏v ka-c-Øn¬t]mepw ]s¶-SpØ ]mc-º-cy-an-√. t]msc-¶n¬ Sn.-hn. Hcp A`n-`m-j-I\pw IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C.-Fw.-F-kv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv BsW-¶n¬ 1952˛se\nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-´-Xn\v tijw tIcf cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw hn´p-\n¬°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Sn.-hn-bpsS Imep-hm-cm-\p≈A∂sØ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń skI-´-dn-bmb Fw.-F≥. tKmhn--µ≥\mbcpsS X¥-ß-fmWv \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns\ apJy-a¥n ]Z-hn-bn-se-Øn-®-Xv. kn.-]n.-sF. t\Xmhpw Fw.-F¬.-F-bp--am-bn-cp∂ tImfmSn tKmhn-µ≥Ipń Cßs\ A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p. ""tIcf kwtbm-P-\-Øn\p apºvsIm®n-˛-Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnse ]Xn-]£ t\Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p Sn.-hn. tXma-kv. Hcp sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ ê-ambn ]Xn-]£ I£n A[n-Im-c-Øn-te-dp-tºmƒ ]Xn-]£ t\Xmhv apJy-a-¥n-bmbn Ah-tcm-[n-°-s∏-SpIF∂-XmWv ]mtbW ]m¿e-sa‚dn I¨sh≥j≥. \nba k`-bn-se-Ønb ]e Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿°pw hnti-jn®pw XncphnXmwIq¿ mKØv\ns∂-Ønbh¿°v Sn.-hnsb apJy-a-¥n-bm-°--W-sa∂ Xoh-amb BK-l-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B BKlw ]m¿ń skI-´dnbmbn-cp∂ Fw.F≥.tKmhn-µ≥ \mb-cpsS apºn¬ Ah¿ i‡n-bmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-IbpwD≠m-bn. Fw.-Fs‚ \ne-]mSv hkvXp-\n-jvThpw ]tbm-KnI cmjvSobA[n-jvTn-Xhpw Bbn-cp-∂p. c-W-I£n Fw.-F¬.-F-am-cn¬ KWy-ambHcp hn`mKw ae-_m-dn¬ \n∂m-b-Xp-sIm≠v ]m¿ń skI- dn ]Z-hnbpwapJy-a¥n ]Z-hnbpw Xncq-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ `mKØv \n∂m-hp-∂Xv cmjvSo-bhpw am\-kn-I-hp-amb k¥p-en-Xm-h-ÿsb kmc-ambn _m[n-°p-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p Fw.-Fs‚ kpNn-¥n-X-amb A`n-]m-bw. ]m¿ń t^md-ß-fnepw B A`n-]m-b-Øn\v kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw ap≥Xq°w e`n-®p. C.-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

100101

Fw.-F-kv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv apJy-a-¥n-bm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.'' Sn.-hnsbXg-bm-\p≈ KqVm-tem-N-\°v _men-i-amb \ymbßƒ \nc-ØpIamX-amWv tImfmSn sNøp-∂-Xv.

tIcf kwÿm\ apkvenw eoKns‚ H∂m-asØ kwÿm\ktΩ-f-\-amWv "Ing-°ns‚ sh\okv' F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Be-∏pg \K-c-Øn¬ \S-∂-Xv. _m- JnXßƒ ]kn-U≠v ÿm\-Øn-cp∂v sIm≠v\S-Øp∂ ]Ya kwÿm\ ktΩ-f-\w. ae-_m-dn\v ]pd-Øp≈ Hcp\K-c-Øn¬ sh®v \S-°p∂ kwÿm\ ktΩ-f\w Ahn--kva-cWobam-°p-I-sb-∂Xv _m-^JnXßƒ Hcp sh√p-hn-fn-bmbn Gs‰-Sp-Øp.At±lw cm∏-I-en-√msX ktΩ-f\ hnP-b-Øn-\mbn HmSn \S-∂p. 1958G]n¬ 27, 28 Xnø-Xn-I-fnemWv ktΩ-f\w. ]kn-≤-amb eP-v\-Øp¬apl-Ω-Znø sslkvIq-fns‚ hnim-e-amb A¶-W-Øn-emWv ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ tÃPv Db¿∂-Xv. Be-∏pg FØm≥ A∂v Fd-Wm-Ip-f-sØØnA¬]-Zqcw k©-cn®v ]n∂oSv NßmSw IS∂v ho≠pw _kn\v t]mtI-≠n-bn-cp-∂p. ]mew ]n∂oSv h∂-Xm-Wv. Cu _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ XcWwsNbvXp sIm≠v tIc-f-Øns‚ F√m ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw apkvenweoKv ]h¿Ø-I-∑m¿ Be-∏p-g-bn-se-Øn. _m-^JnXßƒ Dt∑-j-hm-\mbn F√m-h-tcmSpw Ipiew ]d™v ktΩ-f-\-\-K-cn-bn¬ Hcp hf-≠n-bsd t]mse ]c°w]m™p. Hcp Znhkw D® Ign™p At±lwktΩ-f\ ]¥-ens‚ apºn¬ \n¬°ptºmƒ at©-iz-cØpw \n∂p-≈a[y-h-b-kvI-\mb Hcp eoKv ]h¿Ø-I≥ ASpØv h∂v Xßsf A`n-hmZyw sNbvXp. _m-^JnXßƒ At±-l-Øns‚ Npa-en¬ ssIh®vsIm≠v tNmZn-®p.

t]cv?sambvXo≥Ip™n\mSv?at©-izcwbmZr-›n-I-ambn AtX ka-bØv sX°v \ns∂-Ønb as‰mcp

sNdp-∏-°m-c\pw Ahn-sS-sb-Øn. At±lhpw _m-^JnXßsf A`n-hmZyw sNbvXp. At±-l-tØmSpw _m-^JnXßƒ kvt\l-]q¿∆wtNmZn®p

t]cv?ssaXo≥ IÆv\mSv?s\øm-‰n≥I-c.c≠pw t]tcbpw CSØpw heØpw \n¿Øn sIm≠v _m-



101

^JnXßƒ ]d-™p. ""Ct∏mƒ \Ωƒ Cu ktΩ-f\w \S-Øp-∂-Xns‚ Dt±iw hy‡-am-bn-t√. tIc-f-Øns‚ sXt° A‰-Øp≈ssaXo≥ IÆpw hSt° A‰-Øp≈ sambvXo≥ Ip™nbpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ BZy-ambn I≠p-ap-´m\pw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sm\pw CS-bm-bXv CuktΩ-f\w hgn-bt√? Cßs\ tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw-I-sf-sb√mwGtIm-]n-∏n®v \n¿Øp-hm-\mWv apkvenw eoKv Cu ktΩ-f\w \S-Øp-∂-Xv.'' CØcw At\Iw \pdpßv kw`-h-ßƒ°v Be-∏pg \Kcwkm£yw hln-®p.

JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln-_m-bn-cp∂pktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ A[y-£≥. At±-l-Øns‚ ]fin-tXm-Nn-X-amb]kwKw A®-Sn®v hnX-cWw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. tZio-bhpw A¥¿ tZio-b-hp-amb ka-Im-eo\ ]iv\-ß-sf√mw B ]kw-K-Øn¬ hni-I-e\wsNøp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

aq∂v Znhkw \o≠p-\n∂ hnhn[ ktΩ-f-\-ßƒ Ht´sd Xocp-am-\-ß-sf-Sp-Øp. Iq´-Øn¬ DSs\ \S-°m≥ t]mIp∂ tZhn-Ipfw D]-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ A\p-h¿Øn-t°≠ \b-sa-s¥∂v Xocp-am-\n-°m≥_m-^JnXßƒ, _n. t]m°¿ kmln_v (Fw.-]n.), sI.-Fw. koXnkmln_v F∂n-hsc Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn. Ah¿ 1958 sabv 4˛mw XnøXntbmKw tN¿∂v tZhn-Ip-fØv tIm¨Kkv ÿm\m¿∞n _n.-sI.\mb¿°v ]n¥pW \¬Im≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. AXv tIcf cmjvSo-b-Øn¬Hcp KXn-am-‰-Øns‚ kqN-I-am-bn.

""tZhn-Ipfw sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ F√m cmjvSo-b-]m-[m-\yhpwa\- n-em°n sIm≠p Xs∂-bmWv tIm¨K-kn\v ]n¥pW \¬Im≥apkvenw eoKv Xocp--am-\n®''sX∂v _m-^JnXßƒ ]d-™p. IΩyq-Wn-k-tØm-Sp-≈ hntbm-Pn∏pw P\m-[n-]Xy XXz-ßƒs°-Xn-cmb ]Xn-tj-[-ßƒ°v sFIy-cq]w hcp-Øp-I- -P-\m-[n-]Xy i‡nIsf Hcp IpS-°o-gn¬ \n¿Øp-I˛ F∂ ktµ-i-hpam-bn-cp∂p B Xocp-am-\-Øns‚]n∂n¬.

tIm¨Kkv ÿm\m¿∞n _n.sI \mb¿°v th≠n _m-^JnXßƒ kap-Z-\n-c-∏n¬ \n∂v Bdm-bncw ASn Db-c-ap-≈ ssltd-©p-I-fn¬ Ib-dn. ZpjvI-c-amb bmX. At±-l-Øns‚ ]mbhpw A\m-tcm-Kyhpw AØ-c-samcp ae-I-b-‰-Øn\v A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]s£ZuXy-\n¿∆-l-W-Øn\v ap∂n¬ At±-l-Øn\v H∂pw XS- -am-bn-\n∂n-√. At±-lhpw kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbbpw IqSn \S-Ønb B bmXtZhn-Ip-f-Øn\v ]pXnb DW¿t∆-In. kn.-F-®ns‚ ]kw-K-ß-ƒ tXbn-e-tØm-´-ß-fn¬ Xos∏m-cn-bp-Xn¿Øp. _m-^JnXßsf ImWm\pw


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

102103

At±-lsØ tIƒ°m\pw Htcm ]tZ-i-Øp-\n∂pw Bbn-c-°-W-°n\mfp-Iƒ aWn-°q-dp-I-tfmfw ImØp \n∂-Xmbn B bmX-bn¬Ahsc A\p-K-an® ]kn≤ ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\mb ]n.-Fw.-]n. dmhp-Ø¿ dnt∏m¿´v sNbvXp. tIm´bw Pn√-bnepw a[y-Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-d-nepwapkvenw eoKns‚ ]h¿Ø\w Xzcn-X-s∏-Sm≥ _m-^JnXßfpsSssltd©v bmX klm-b-I-ambn.

D]sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ hnPbw A\p-K-ln®Xv tdmkΩm ]q∂q-kns\bmbn-cp∂p kn.-]n.-sF. ÿm\m¿∞n-bmb Ah¿°v 53038 thm´p-I-ƒ e`n-®-t∏mƒ _n.-sI. \mb¿°v e`n-®Xv 46830 thm´p-Iƒ. B¿.-F-kv.-]n. ÿm\m¿∞n°v 7640 thm´p-Ifpw Hcp kzX¥ ÿm\m¿∞n°v1643 thm´p-Ifpw In´n. _n.-sI. \mb¿ ]cm-Pn-X-\m-sb-¶nepw B sXc-s™-Sp∏v ew Hcp ]c-am¿∞sØ Db¿Øn-°m- n. IΩyq-WnÃp ]m¿´n-bpsS cmh-W≥ tIm´-bn¬ t]mepw P\m-[n-]-Xy-I-£n-I-ƒ H∂n®p\n∂m¬ IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Imsc ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ømw. H‰bv°v \n∂m-ep-≠m-hp∂ i‡nsb ]‰n Du‰w-sIm-≠n-c∂ tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ sas√bmYm¿∞y t_m[-Øn-te°v hc-hm-bn. P\m-[n-]Xy sFIy-Øns‚A\n-hmcyXbn-te°v AXv hnc¬ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®p. AXn-\p≈ KW-]-Xnss° Ipdn-®Xv tImS-a-™n¬ aqSn-°n-S-°p∂ tZho-Ip-fsØ apf-

¶m-Sp-I-fn¬ sh®m-Wv.

1. _m-^JnXßƒ˛ B‰-t°mb ]≈n-°-≠n, ]q¿Æ ]ªn-t°-

j≥kv tImgn-t°mSv



103

9Nph∏v ambp∂ tIcfw

P\m-[n-]Xy ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb \ne-\n¬∏ns\Bcm-[-\m-]q¿∆w ho£n-°p∂ Bfm-bn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßƒ. P\m-[n-]-Xy-t_m[w At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Z¿i-\-Øns‚ `mK-am-sW∂vthWw hnti-jn-∏n-°m≥. atX-X-c-Xzhpw P\m-[n-]-Xyhpw Ckvem-an\vA\y-am-sW∂v ]N-cn-∏n® Nne ]ÿm-\-ßƒ Hcp ImeØv temI-amsI \nd-™p-\n-∂n-cp∂p. Ah-sc√mw Hcp Xc-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰mcpXc-Øn¬ Ct∏mƒ P\m-[n-]-XysØ AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v.Pam-AsØ Ckvem-anbpw CJvhm-\p¬ apkven-aq\pw Ct∏m-ƒ P\m-[n-]-XysØ ]‰n IqSp-X¬ kwkm-cn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. temI ]i-kvX-\mb Ckvem-anI ]fin-X\pw cmPy-`-jvS-\m-°-s∏´ SpWo-jy≥Nn¥-I-\p-amb apl-ΩZv dmjnZv Km\qjn hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ kq‡-ßfpw dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hN-\-ßfpw D≤-cn-®p-sIm-≠v B[p-\nIP\m-[n-]Xy Nn¥-Iƒ°v Ckvem-an-I-amb ASn-Ød Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.1

_m- JnXßƒ K\q-jn-bpsS ]pkvX-I-ßƒ hmbn-®n-cn-°m-\n-S-bn-√. F¶nepw B[p-\nI kaq-l-Øn\v A\p-tbm-Py-amb hyh-ÿnXnP\m-[n-]-Xy-am-sW∂v At±lw A\p- -hn-®-dn-™n- p-≠v. Xm≥ t\XrXzw\¬In hcp∂ kwL-S-\°p-≈nepw P\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-amb \S-]Sn Ia-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v At±lw BK-ln-®p. ]m¿´n AwK-ßƒ Xs‚Nn¥-Ifpw A`n-]m-b-ßfpw thZ-hmIyw t]mse kzoI-cn-®p sIm≈-W-sa∂v At±-l-Øn\v \n¿_-‘-an-√. t\sc adn®v Imcy-amX ]k-‡-amb N¿®-Iƒ°v tijw amXsa AsX√mw AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-SmhqF∂-XmWv At±-l-Øns‚ \ne-]m-Sv. P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ anI® ]tbm-‡m-hm-bn-cp∂p _m- JnXßƒ. hna¿i-I-∑m-tcmSv At±-l-Øn\v hntcm-[-ap-≠m-bn-√. hna¿i-\-ßsf Ah Dt±i ip≤n-tbmSp IqSn-bm-sW-¶n¬ At±lw kzmKXw sNøpw. kvXpXn-]m-T-I-∑m-sc-°mƒ At±lw


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

104

CjvS-s∏-´Xv \ymb-]q¿∆w GXn¿hm-Z-ßƒ \nc-Øp∂ hna¿i-I-∑m-sc-bm-Wv. ]tem-`-\-ßƒ sImt≠m apJ-kvXpXn sImt≠m _m-^JnXßsf hf-s®-Sp-°m-sa∂v hnNm-cn-®-h-sc√mw A\p- -hn-®Xv Xß-fpsS A`ymk ]I-S-\-ß-sf√mw hrYm-hn-em-bn-t∏m-bt√m F∂ a\-t¢iw amXw. Xm≥ amt\-PnwKv Ub-d-IvS-dmb ]X-Øn¬ Xs∂]oWn-∏n-°m≥ Nne¿ Fgp-Xnb teJ-\-ßƒ _m-^JnXßsfAcniw sIm≈n-®n-t´-bp-≈q. NµnI ]Xm-[n-]-k-anXn AwK-ß-fmbXs‚ c≠v bph kplr-Øp-°-fp-ambn _m-^JnXßƒ \S-Ønb ck-I-c-amb Hcp kw`m-jWw ta¬ ]kvXm-hn® \nK-a-\sØ _e-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. _m-^JnXßfpsS D‰-h-cmb B c≠v bph t\Xm-°ƒ sI.-]n. Ip™n-aq- bpw sI.-sI. apl-Ω-Zp-am-bn-cp-∂p. c≠p t]cpw NµnIkl-]-h¿Ø-I-∑m¿. Ip™n-aq- °v apkvenw hnZym¿∞n s^U-td-js‚ A[nI Npap-Xe IqSn D≠m-bn-cp∂p. sI.-sI. apl-Ω-Zn\pwD≠v AØ-c-samcp A[nI Npa-X-e-˛-bqØv eoKns‚ I¨ho-\¿ÿm\w. Ah¿ Ccp-hcpw IqSn Hcp Znhkw cmhnse _m-^JnXßsfImWm≥ t]mbn. apJ-`mhw I≠-t∏mƒ At±lw Ahsc ImØn-cn-°p-I-bmtWm F∂p tXm∂pw. Ahsc I≠ DSs\ _m-^JnXßƒB Znh-ksØ NµnIm ]Xw FSpØv Ah-cpsS Iøn¬ sImSp-Øp.F∂n´v Ah-tcmSv ]d™p:˛

""CXm Cu ]X-Øn¬ Fs‚ ]kw-K-ßƒ FX-bp≠v? FÆnt\m°q?''

sI.-sI. apl-ΩZpw sI.-]n. Ip™n-aq-kbpw ]cn-`m-¥-cm-bn.Xte-Zn-hkw \S∂ _m- JnXßfpsS ][m-\-s∏´ Hcp ]kw-K-Øns‚hm¿Ø Nµn-I-bn¬ h∂n- n-√. AXns‚ ]cn- -h-amWv _m- JnXßƒ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂v Ah¿ s]s´∂v a\- n-em-°n. F¥v ]d-b-W-sa-∂-dn-bm-sX Ccp-hcpw hnb¿Øp. F¥ns\ ]‰nbpw FX thW-sa-¶nepw Fgp-Xm≥ Ign-bp∂ Ip™n-aqk hm°p-Iƒ In´msX hms]m-Øn. _m- JnXßsf∂v tI´m¬ Dd-°-Ønepw sR´p∂ sI.-sI-°mWvIpd-s®-¶nepw ss[cyw kw`-cn-°m≥ Ign-™Xv˛ At±lw bph-Xz-Øns‚ Npa-X-e-°m-c≥ IqSn-bm-W-t√m. sI.-sI. hy-X-tbmsS ]d-™p.

""Xßsf! C∂se cmXn ÿe-]-cn-anXn aqew ]e hm¿Ø-Ifpw sImSp-°m≥ Ign-™n-√.''

AXns‚ A¿∞w Xßƒ°v a\- n-em-bn-√. At±lw ]d-™p.""Rm≥ ]d-™Xv sNbvXm¬ aXn. Fs‚ ]kwKw FX-bp-

s≠∂v FÆm-\s√ ]d-™Xv, thKw FÆn-t\m-°v.'' sI.-]nbpw sI.-sIbpw IqSn FÆm≥ XpS-ßn.

105



105

H∂v.... c≠v.... aq∂v..... BsI As©-Æw. Hcp t^mt´mbpw.B hnhcw Ah¿ Xßsf Adn-bn-®p. ""A©v ]kwK Jfi-ßfpwHcp t^mt´m-bpw.''

AXv tI´-t∏mƒ _m-^JnXßfpsS XpSpØ apJw H∂p-IqSnNph-∂p. Ah¿ ]d™ hnhcw _m- JnXßƒ t\csØ a\- n-em°nsh®-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-®p. "_m-^JnXßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv amXw sImSp-°m-\p≈ ]X-amtWm NµnI? HcmfpsS ]kwKwXs∂ A©v ÿe-ß-fn¬ sImSp-°p-I. CXn-s\m-cu-NnXyw tht≠?Bcm-WnXv sImSp-ØXv?

_m- JnXßfpsS [¿Ω-tcmjw tI v sI.-sI. apl-ΩZpw sI.-]n. Ip™n-aq-kbpw A¥w-hn´p t]mbn. Ah¿ t\csØ Icp-Xnbt]mse _m-^JnXßfpsS ]kwKw sImSp-°m≥ hn´p-t]m-b-Xn-\-√,IqSp-X¬ sImSp-Ø-Xn-\mWv At±lw £p`n-X-\m-b-Xv. ]kwKw A®-Sn®v hcm-™m¬ apJw Nph-∏n-°p-Ibpw Xe I\-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂cmjvSob t\Xm-°-fp≈ C°m-eØv Xßƒ D∂-bn® tNmZyw DØcwIs≠-ØmØ hn[w Xßsf A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb∂v sI.-]n. Ip™n-aqk _m- JnXßƒ kvamcI KŸ-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p. icn-bmWvCØ-c-samcp ]X apX-em-fnsb as‰-hn-sS-sb-¶nepw ]Xo-£n-°m-\m-hptam? Fw.-Un-bpsS h¿Æ-Nn-X-ßƒ hep-Xmbn sImSp-Øn-s√-¶n¬]Xm-[n-]sc ÿew am‰n-°-f-bp∂ Hcp ImeØv _m -Jn-X-ßƒ hyXy-kvX-\mb Hcp ]X-bp-Sa Xs∂. _m- JnXßƒ ImWn-°m-dp≈ ]Xn-]£ _lp-am-\w, ]Xn-]£ hnt[-b-Xz-tØm-f-sa-Øn-t∏m-Ip-∂pt≠mF∂v ]ecpw A¤p-X-s∏´p t]mIpw. a‰p ]m¿´n-Isf hna¿in-t°≠nhcp-tºmƒ At±lw AXn-i-b-I-c-amb ka-Nn-ØX ]men-®p.

B \n w-K-X°p apºn¬ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ \nkvtX-P-cm-bn-t∏m-bn. sI.-]n. tIih tat\m≥ \nco-£p-∂Xv t]mse:

""D∂X ÿm\-sØ-Ønb ]e-cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ \n∂v\ap°v NneXv ]Tn-°m-\p-≠m-Ipw. "Xß-fpsS'·Pohn-Xhpw s]mXp-cw-KØv ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-hsc Nne kwK-Xn-Iƒ Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°n-√. ]kw-K-]o-T-Øn-em-h-s´, Bh-iy-ap-≈-Xn-e-[nIw ]d-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I,FXn-cm-fn-Isf hna¿in-°p-tºmgpw anX-amb mj D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-ØpIF∂o KpW-ßƒ hnti-jn-®pw.'' tIih tat\m≥ XpS-cp∂p:

""Xoh-amb A`n-]mb hyXym-k-ßƒ s]mXp-cwKØv ]h¿Øn-°p∂ a‰p-≈-h-cp-ambn D≠m-bmepw Ah-cp-am-bp≈ kº¿°-Øn¬AXv ]I-S-am-°msX XnI™ acym-Zbpw kln-jvWp-Xbpw ]men-t°-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-I-Xbpw At±-l-Øns‚ PohnXw hy‡-am-°p-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

106107

∂p. kap-Zm-b-ß-sftbm ]m¿ń-I-sftbm n∂n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v Xßƒ°vCjvS-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ahsc H∂n®v \n¿Øp-hm-\m-bn-cp∂p Xß-fpsSiaw. ]e L´-ß-fnepw At±-lØns‚ Cu kz`mh hntijw shfn-s∏-ń-´p-≠v.''

tImgn -t°ms´ ap\n -kn -∏¬ sXc-s™-Sp -∏n¬ _m-^JnXßƒs°Xn-cmbn hy‡n-]-c-ambn Xs∂ cmjvSob ]Xn-tbm-Kn-Iƒ Bt£]w sNmcn™ kw`hw Hm¿Ω-bp-≠-t√m. F∂m¬AXns\m∂pw _m-^JnXßƒ adp-]Sn t]mepw ]d-™n-√. AXn\ptijw \S∂ Hmtcm sXc-s™-Sp-∏nepw Xßsf H‰ Xncn®p Bt£-]-lmky \mS-I-ßfpw sXdn apZm-hm-Iy-ßfpw FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ FÆ-an-√msX ]tbm-Kn-®p. At∏mgpw At±lw A¤p-Xm-h-l-amb anXXzw]men-®p. Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ \ne ad∂v ]kw-Kn-°p-tºmƒ At±lwX’-abw Xs∂ Ahsc hne-°p-Ibpw hna¿i-\-Øn¬ am\yX]pe¿Øm≥ Ah-tcmSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. cq£-amb cmjvSob kwhm-Z-ßƒ sImSp-ºncn sIm≈p∂ Ah-k-c-ß-fn¬AXm-bn-cp∂p ÿnXn. apkvenw eoKns‚ ]I-S-\-ßfn¬ A\y ]m¿ń-°msc Bt£-]n-°p-∂Xv tIƒ°p-tºm-ƒ _m-^JnXßƒ £p`n-X-\m-Ipw. AØcw hnIm-c-Po-hn-I-fmb apZm-hmIyw hnfn-°msc At±lwPmY-bn¬ \n∂p am‰n \n¿Øn-bn- p-≠v. Xs‚ hm°p sImt≠m ]hrØnsImt≠m Hcmƒ°pw thZ-\n-°m≥ CS-bm-I-cp-sX∂v At±lw Ft∏mgpwHm¿°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

ae-bm-f-Øns‚ alm\mb IYm-Im-c≥ Fkv.-sI. s]m‰-°mSv]d-bp-∂p.

"Rm≥ Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv \n∂v tImgn-t°m-t´°v cmXn sSbn-\n¬ bmX sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

c≠mw ¢mkv apdn-bn¬ A©mdv bmX-°msc D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. _m-^JnXßfpw Xß-fpsS Iq´p-Im-c-mbn c≠p t]cpw thsdc≠v A]-cn-Nn-Xcpw Rm\pw. ka-b-am-b-t∏mƒ Xßƒ \neØp XpWn-hn-cn®p hfsc im¥-ambn \a-kvImc I¿Ωw \n¿h-ln-®p. ]ns∂ sNdnbtdUntbm t]S-I-sa-SpØv AXn¬ ]tXyIw LSn-∏n-®n-cp∂ Ipg¬FSpØv ImXn¬ sh®p. tdmUntbm Xncn®v i-≤n-®p. kl-bm-X-°m¿°v sX√pw iey-ap-≠m-°msX tdmUntbm ]h¿Øn-∏n®v hm¿Ø-Iƒ i≤n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ _m-^JnXßsf Rm≥ \√ t]mset\m°n ]Tn-®p. Fs¥mcp t]gvk-Wm-en-‰n. FhnsS sh®pw GXvBƒ°q-´-Ønepw _m-^JnXßsf Xncn-®-dnbmw. tZl-Øns‚s]m°hpw hÆhpw thjhpw apJØv kv^pcn-°p∂ tXP pw am\y-



107

Xbpw H∂v ]tXy-I-am-Wv.'""hmkvXhw ]d-™m¬ A°m-esØ Fs‚ cmjvSob A`n-

]m-b-ßƒ apkvenw eoKn-t\mSpw eoKv t\Xmhv _m-^JnXßtfmSpws]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ Xc-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah-tcmSv A¬]w hntcm-[-am-bn-cp∂p F∂p IqSn ]d-™m¬ sX‰n-√. F∂m¬ P. Xß-fpsSs]cp-am-‰hpw kcf kz`m-hhpw hfsc Nn -tbmSp IqSn-bp≈ N¿®IfpwF∂n¬ aXn-∏p-f-hm-°n. Hcp t\Xm-hm-Im≥ ]nd∂ ]pcp-j-\m-Wv At±-l-sa∂v H‰-t\m-´-Øn¬ Xs∂ Adn-bmw.'' (_m-^JnXßƒ kvamcIKŸw 1973) \nXy-Po-hn-X-Ønepw ]m¿´n-°p-≈nepw At±lw N¿®CjvS-s∏- p. s]m‰-°m v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®-t]mse "hfsc Nn -tbmSv IqSnbN¿®-Iƒ.' N¿®-I-fn¬ ]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂ Bib hn\n-a-b-ß-fpsS Ah-km-\sØ Awiw t]mepw At±lw i≤n-°pw. B hn\n-ba-ß-fn-eqsSDcp-Øn-cn™p hcp∂ Bi-b-k-a-\z-amWv At±-l-Øn\v kzoIm-cy-am-hp-I.

a\pjys\ krjvSn-°p-tºmƒ ssZhw amem-J-am-tcmSv A`n-]m-b-am-cm-™p-sh∂v hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p. amem-J-am¿ FXn-c-`n-]mbw ]d-™p. "\nß-f-dn-bm-ØXv Rm\-dnbpw' F∂v ]Xn-h-Nn®psIm≠v ssZhw amem-J-am-cpsS A`n-]m-bsØ \ncm-I-cn-®p. F√mwAdn-bp∂h\mWv A√mlp. Ah≥ F¥n-\m-Wv Xs‚ krjvSn-bmbamem-J-am-tcmSv A`n-]mbw tNmZn-°p-∂Xv? hnip≤ kq‡-ß-ƒ Hcp]mTw ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv AXn-eq-sS. Imcy-ßƒ \S-Øp-∂-Xn\v apºmbnN¿®-Iƒ \S-ØWw F∂ ]mTw.

Hcn-°¬ _m- JnXßƒ kwÿm\ apkvenw eoKv ]kn-U≠vF∂ \ne-bn¬ Xnfßn \n¬°p∂ ImeØv tImgn-t°mSv kn‰n apkvenweoKv ]kn-U≠v ÿm\-tØ°v \S∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ At±lw ]cm-P-b-s∏´p t]mb IYbpw apkvenw eoKns‚ Ncn-X-Øn¬ ImWmw. Ba’-Øn¬ _n.-hn. A_vZp-√-t°mb kmln-_mWv hnP-bn-®-Xv. AXns‚Hcp ]tXy-I-X-sb-s¥-∂m¬ c≠p ÿm\m¿∞n-Ifpw At∏mƒ kZ- n¬ C√m-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xm-Wv. "ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fm-°-s∏´'hcpsSAdnthm kΩ-Xtam C√msX A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ \S-Ønb sXc-s™-Sp-∏m-bn-cp∂p AXv. tImgn-t°mSv kn‰n apkvenw eoKv IΩn-‰n-bpsS ]kn-U≠v ÿm\-tØ°v a’cw \S-°p-∂p-sh∂pw AXn¬ Xm≥ ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p-sh-∂p-a-dn-™-t∏mƒ _m-^JnXßƒ IpSp-IpSm Nncn-®p. hnP-bn® Xs‚ Bfl anX-amb _n.-hn. A_vZp-√-t°mbsb At±lw A\p-tam -Zn -°p -Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬ Xs‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ _m-^JnXßƒs°Xn-cmbn kn‰n eoKns‚ ]kn-U-≠v ÿm\-tØ°v


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

108109

sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´p F∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ _n.-hn. A_vZp-√-t°m-b°vhnΩn-´am-Wp-≠m-bXv. At±lw B ÿm\w Gs‰-Sp-°m≥ aSn-®p. HSp-hn¬ _m-^JnXßƒ CS-s]´v A`y¿∞n-®Xn\v tij-amWv _n.hn.]kn-U≠v ]Zhn kzoI-cn-®-Xv. 1937˛¬ tImgn-t°mSv apkvenw eoKvimJ BZy-ambn cq]o-I-cn® \mƒ apX¬ 1973˛¬ acn-°p-∂-Xv hscbpw_m-^JnXßfpw _n.-hn. A_vZp-√-t°m-bbpw ]c-kv]cw _lp-am-\n-®n-cp∂ D‰ kplr-Øp-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p. _m-^JnXßfpsS P\m-[n-]Xy]co-£-W-ß-fpsS Ie-h-d-bn-te-°p≈ a[p-c-amb kw`m-h-\-bmWvAt±lw ]cm-P-b-s∏´p t]mb tImgn-t°mSv kn‰n apkvenw eoKns‚]kn-U≠v sXc-s™-Sp-∏v.

]d™p h∂Xv P\m-[n-]Xy kwhn-[m-\-ß-tfmSv _m-^JnXßƒ ]pe¿Ønb _lp-am-\sØ ]‰n-bmWv. hne-s∏´kzmX¥yw At\ym\yw \ne-\n¿Øm≥ Ign-bp∂ hyh-ÿnXn P\m-[n-]Xyw amX-am-Wv.

1498˛¬ t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im-cpsS BI-a-W-tØmSp IqSn \jvS-s∏- p-t]mb \ΩpsS kzmX¥yw \q‰m-≠p-I-fn-eqsS \S-Ønb At\Iw[otcm-Zm-Ø-amb t]mcm-´-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWv t\Sn-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv. BkzmX¥yw A`w-Kpcw \ne \n¬°-W-sa-¶n¬ IqsS P\m-[n-]-XyhpwBh-iy-ap-≠v.

Hcp P\m-[n-]Xy hyh-ÿn-bn¬ amXta ]ucm-h-Im-i-ßƒam\y-ambn ]cn-c-£n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q. GsX-¶nepw kml-N-cy-Øn¬P\m-[n-]Xyw A]-I-S-Øn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ ]n∂mse hcp-∂Xv kzmX-¥y-Øns‚ ac-W-am-bn-cn-°pw. apkvenw-Isf t]mep≈ aX-\yq-\-]-£-ßfpw Zp¿_e hn`m-K-ß-fp-am-bn-cn°pw AXns‚ sISp-Xn-Iƒ apgp-h\pwG‰p-hm-tß≠n hcn-I.

Ncn-X-]-kn-≤-amb ^©v hnπ-h-Øn-eqsS ^m≥knse P\XkzmX¥yw hos≠-Sp-Øp. ]s£ Ah¿°v AXv \ne-\n¿Øm-\m-bn-√. s\t∏m-fnbs‚ cmP-hm-gvN-bmWv ]n∂mse h∂-Xv. c≠mw temIalm-bp-≤-Øn\v tijw tImf\n hmgvN-bn¬ \n∂v tamN\w t\SnbBt^m-˛-G-jy≥ cmPy-ß-fn-sem∂pw ]q¿Æ-amb P\m-[n-]-Xy-an-√.C¥y-am-X-amWv GI A]-hm-Zw. AXn-\m¬ C¥y-bn¬ P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ ]Imiw AkvX-an-®m¬ ]ns∂ ASpØ Ime-sØm∂pwtemI-sØm-cn-SØpw B tXP:]pRvPw DZn-®p-b-cp-I-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠vcmPy-Øns‚ `mhn-bn¬ DXvI-WvT-s∏-Sp∂ GsXmcp cmjvSob]h¿Ø-I\pw P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ A]-N-bsØ b-∏m-tSmsS ho£n-°p-∂p. P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ hnizm-k-an-√mØ cmjvSob ]m¿´n-I-fpsS



109

hf¿®-bn¬ Ah¿ Bi-¶m-Ip-e-I-cm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.tIc-f-Øn¬, `n∂n®p \n¬°p∂ P\m-[n-]Xy I£n-I-sf-

tbm¿Øv Jn∂-\m-bn-cp∂p _m- JnXßƒ. s]mXp-hn-]-Øns\ Ipdn®vt_m[-hm-∑m-cm-ImsX Ah¿ ]c-kv]cw hna¿i-\-Øn-eqsS Du¿÷w]mgm-°n-I-f-bp-∂-Xn¬ At±lw IpWvUn-X-s∏- p. tIc-f-Ønse apkvenwkap-Zmb AwK-ßsf apkvenw eoKns‚ ]n∂n¬ GIo-I-cn®p \n¿Øm≥]mSp-s]-Sp∂ AtX Bth-i-tØm-sS, ]e-Xcw P\m-[n-]-Xy-˛-a-tX-XccmjvSob ]m¿´n-Isf Hcp IpS-°o-gn¬ sIm≠p-h-cm\pw At±lw AXy-≤zm\w sNbvXp. tZhn-Ipfw D]-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨Kkvÿm\m¿∞n°v \ncp-]m-[nIw ]n¥pW ]Jym-]n®p sIm≠v, \ocp h∂vhoßnb Imep-ambn At±lw ssltd-©ns‚ sImSp-ap-Sn-Iƒ Ibdn-bXv P\m-[n-]Xy sFIy-Øns‚ Xd-sbm-cp°w \S-Øm≥ th≠n-Ø-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Xncp-®n-d-∏-≈n-bn¬ \S∂ hºn® apkvenw eoKv ktΩ-f-\-Øn-te°v _m-^JnXßsf £Wn-®p. _m-^JnXßƒ F∂ t]cv "]›n-a-L-´-ß-sf-t°-dnbpw IS∂p sIm≠-\yamw' tZi-ßfn¬ ]S-cp--I-bm-b-cp-∂p. Xncp-®n-d-∏≈n ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]XmI Db¿Øn-bXv _m-^JnXßfmbn-cp-∂p. Xangv ]X-ß-sf√mw At±-l-Øns‚ ]kwKw]m[m-\y-tØmsS ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p. Xan-gI apkvenw-Ifpw tIcf apkvenwPam-AØpw kwbp-‡-ambn \¬Inb kzoI-c-W-Ønepw P: Xßƒ]s¶-Sp-Øp. kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImb-bpw t\csØ Xs∂ Xan-gv\m-´n¬ thcp-I-fp≈ Fw.-sI. lmPnbpw Cu bmX-bn¬ _m- JnXßsfA\p-K-an-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

sIm®n-bnse Hcp s]mXp NS-ßn¬ _m- JnXßsf Hcn-°¬IqSn ImWm-W-sa-∂m-K-ln-®-h¿°v P\p-hcn 22˛mw XnøXn AXn-\p≈Ahk-c-sam-cp-ßn. I®v taa≥ kaq-l-amWv AXn\v If-sam-cp-°n-b-Xv.Ah-cpsS Iq´-Ønep≈ Hcp alXn [mcmfw ]Ww sNe-h-gn®v kz¥-ambn \n¿Ωn®p sImSpØ ]pt√-∏Sn akvPn-Zns‚ DZvLm-S\w \n¿h-ln-°m-\mWv A∂v _m- JnXßƒ Fd-Wm-Ip-f-sØ-Øn-b-Xv. Ak¿ \a-kvImcw \n¿h-ln-®p-sIm≠v P\m_v Xßƒ ]≈n hnizm-kn-Iƒ°mbnXpd∂p sImSp-Øp. _n. t]m°¿ kmln_v Fw.-]n., sI.-Fw. koXnkmln_v, CkvlmJv aue-hn, AUz apl-ΩZv bqk^v apX-em-bhcpwCu NS-ßn¬ kw_-‘n-®n-cp-∂p. _m- JnXßfpsS ssIsIm≠v Xpd-∂p-sIm-SpØ \qdp IW-°n\v ]≈n-I-fn¬ H∂p amX-amWv ]pt√-∏SnakvPn-Zv.

GXm\pw BgvN-Iƒ°v tijw ]cn-ip≤ l÷v I¿Ωw \n¿∆-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

110111

ln-°m-\mbn _m-^JnXßƒ a°-tØ°v t]mbn. 1933˛¬ Bcw-`n-®-XmWv At±-l-Øns‚ l÷v bmX. tImgn-t°m-´v \n∂v sImbn-em-≠n-bn-te°v kok¨ Sn°-‰p-ambn sSbn-\n¬ bmX sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂_m- JnXßƒ°v AtX Bbm-k-tØmsS kDuZn Atd-_y-bn-te°vsIm√w tXmdpw bmX sNøm\pw Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. A]q¿∆w Nneh¿j-ß-fnte _m- JnXßƒ l÷v sNøm-Xn-cp-∂n- p-≈q. Pq¨ 30˛mwXnøXn NµnIm ]Xw Hm^o-kn¬ hntZ-iØp \n∂p≈ Hcp sSenKmwIn´n. kDuZn Atd-_y-bnse an\m-bn¬ \n∂v _m-^JnXßƒ Ab®CuZv Biw-k-bm-bn-c∂p AXv.

"ChnsS l÷v hymgmgvN BIp-∂p. F√m apkvenw-Iƒ°pwlm¿±-hamb k¿∆ awK-f-ßfpw Biw-kn-°p∂p'

CXm-bn-cp∂p B ktµiw

1. A mw Xao-an, eq\mbn Fw. im^n F∂n-h¿ tN¿s∂-gp-

Xnb P\m-[n-]Xyw atX-X-cXzw ˛ Ckvem-an-Ãp-Iƒ°n-S-bnse

sshcp-[y-ßƒ F∂ ]pkvXIw t\m°p-I.



111

10apt∂-‰-Øns‚ IcpØv-

\pc-™p-s]m-¥p∂ cmjvSo-b-]m¿´n-I-fpsS kwL¿j qan-bn-emWv 1958˛se l÷v I¿Ωw Ign™v _m-^JnXßƒ Xncn-s®-Øn-b-Xv. Hcp \nan-jhpw At±-l-Øn\v Xnc-s°m-gn™ t\c-an-√. tIc-f-amsIk¿°m¿ hncp≤ hnIm-c-ß-fpsS then-tb-‰w. AXn-\n-S-bn¬ Imivao¿]iv\-sØ-s®m√n C¥ybpw ]mIn-kvXm\pw apJ-tØmSv apJw Ie-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Imivao¿]-iv\-Øn¬ C¥y≥bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ Ak-µn-Kv[-amb \ne-]mSv Hcn-°¬ IqSn]Jym-]n-®p-sIm≠v apkvenw eoKv ]kn-U≠v JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v Bƒ C¥ym tdUn-tbm-hns‚ io\-K¿\ne-b-Øn-eqsS Hcp ]kwKw sNbvXp.

Hcp ]X hm¿Ø i≤n-°pI:""\nb-a-]-c-ambpw c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-ambpw Imivao-cn-I-fpsS lnX-

a-\p-k-cn®pw Imivao¿ C¥y-bpsS Hcp A`n-hmPy LS-I-am-sW∂vC¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw-eoKv ]kn-U≠v JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v ]Jym-]n-®p. ChnsS (io-\-K¿) Imivao¿tdUn -tbm -hn -eqsS C∂v cmXn ]t£-]Ww sNbvX Hcp]kwKØnemWv At±lw Cßs\ ]Jym-]n-®-Xv. C¥ybv°pw ]mIn-kvXm\pw kzmX¥yw \¬In sIm≠p≈ hyhÿ h∂-t∏m-ƒ \m´p-cm-Py-ßƒ°v C¥y-tbmtSm ]mIn-kvXm-t\mtSm tNcm-sa∂v sh®n-cp-∂p. Cu hyhÿ A\p-k-cn®v a‰p ]c-»Xw tÃ‰p-Isf t]mseImivao¿ C¥y-tbmSv tNcp-Ibpw C¥y-bpsS A`n-hmPy LS-I-ambnXocp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu hne-b\w Imivao-cns‚ `mhn \nP-s∏-SpØnIgn-™p-sh∂pw AXns\ \ymb-amb bmsXmcp \ne-bnepw tNmZywsNøp-Itbm ]pXp-Xmbn Bcw-`n-°p-Itbm sNøpI km[y-a-s√∂pwP\m_v Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v ]d-™p...... Imivao¿ ]iv\-Øn¬C¥y≥ apkvenw-Iƒ CXc P\-hn -`m -K-tØmSv tXmtfm-S vtXmƒ


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

112

tN¿∂v C¥ym- K-h¨sa‚ns‚ Iogn¬ Dd®p \n¬°p∂p. Imivao¿Imcy-Øn¬ Xß-fpsS \mńse CXc P\-ß-fp-ambn Dd®v sFIy-Øn¬\n¬°p-I-bmWv C¥y≥ apk¬am≥. Xß-fpsS amXr-`q-an-bpsS bi- n\p th≠n, sFIy-Øn\v th≠n, cmPy c£bv°pw Ah-Im-i-ßƒ°pw th≠n-bp≈ F¥nepw C¥y≥ apkvenw-Iƒ ap∂n-em-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v At±lw Dd-∏n-®p ]d-™p. C¥y≥ apkvenw-I-fpsS t]cvhen-®n-g®v AXns\ Xß-fpsS \njvTq-c-amb cmjvSob NqXm-´-Øn¬Hcp Icp-hm°n D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ ]mIn-kvXms\ apkvenw eoKv]kn-U≠v Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øn.'' (NµnI 18-˛10˛58)

GXm≠v CtX Ime-ØmWv ssN\bpw C¥y-bp-ambnAXn¿Øn ]iv\w Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xv. bmsXmcp ]tIm-]-\hpw C√msXssN\ C¥y-bpsS `q]-tZ-i-ßƒ Itø-dn-]n-Sn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

tIc-f-Øn-em-sW-¶n¬ P\-ß-fpsS k¿°m¿ hncp≤ hnImcwAXns‚ ]c-a-tIm-Sn-bn-se-Øn. Ah¿ Ah-kcw Inń-bm¬ Xncn-®-Sn-°m≥ Hcp-°-am-bn. cmjvSob ]m¿ń-Iƒ Ah-k-c-Øn-s\mØv Db¿∂p.

]n.-F-kv.-]n. sNb¿am≥ ]´w XmWp-]n-≈-bmWv BZysØshSn s]mń-®-Xv. ""tIcf kwÿm\w C∂v Hcp B]-Xvk-‘n-bn-emWvÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-sX∂pw Cu B]-Øns\ XcWw sNøm≥ Chn-SsØP\m-[n-]Xy i‡n-I-sf√mw tbmPn®p ]h¿Øn-°-W-sa∂pw'' At±lw\hw-_¿ 11-˛mw XnøXn Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv Blzm-\w sNbvXp. ]n.-F-kv.-]n- -eoKv kJy-Øn-te°v tIm¨Kkp IqSn IÆn-tN-c-W-sa∂v At±lwhf-®p-sI-ń-√msX A`y¿∞n-®p. Hc¿∞-Øn¬ At±lw Xs∂-bmWvAXv ]d-bm≥ G‰hpw A¿l≥. tIcf cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ òjvam-Nm-cy-\m-Wt√m At±-lw. ] -Øns‚ Blzm-\-Øn\v A\p-Iq-e-amb A\p-c-W-\-ß-fmWv D≠m-b-Xv.

]Pm tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS tZiob FIvkn-Iyq- ohv Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv ktΩ-fn®p. sNb¿am≥ KwKm-i-c¨ kn≥l Bbn-cp∂pA≤y-£≥. AtimIv taØ, tUm. sI.-_n. tat\m≥, ]´w XmWp-]n-≈, ]o‰¿ Bƒhm-co-kv, sI.-B¿. Imd¥v apX-emb ]apJ t\Xm-°-sf√mw FØn-t®¿∂p. tIc-f-Im-cy-am-bn-cp∂p Ah¿°pw apJyNn¥m-hn-jbw. FIvkn-Iyq-óhv AwKo-I-cn® ]ta-b-Øn¬ "P\m-[n-]Xy i‡n-Iƒ sFIyhpw PmK-Xbpw ]pe¿ØWw F∂mte l\n-°-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ kzmX¥y Ah-Im-i-ßƒ ]p\-ÿm-]n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈p. Pohn-Xhpw kzmX¥y Ah-Im-i-ßfpw tIc-f-Øn¬hn¬°-s∏-S-W-sa-∂n-s√-¶n¬ P\m-[n-]Xy i‡n-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈`n∂n∏v Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-Ibpw i‡n-a-Ømb Hcp P\m-[n-]Xy tkmjy-

113



113

enÃv ]ÿm\w sI´n-∏-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. F∂mte k¿∆m-[n-]-Xy-Øn\v ka¿∏Ww sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ Hcp `cW-Øns‚ ]nSn-bn¬ - \n∂v tIc-fsØ tamNn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.' F∂v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®p.

Cu ]tabw hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ ]n.-F-kv.-]n. t\Xm-°ƒ tIc-f-sam-´p°pw ]kw-K-]-cy-S-\-ßƒ \S-Øn.

XpS¿∂v cmjvSob N¿®-Iƒ Xeßpw hneßpw Ac-tß-dn.eoKv-˛-]n.-F-kv.-]n. ap∂-Wn-bn¬ tIm¨K-kns\ IqSn Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂-

Btem-N-\-I-f-X-bpw.tImgn-t°ms´ ]´p-sX-cp-hn¬ _m-^JnXßƒ°v Hcp-am-fnI

apdn-bp-≠v. At±lw ]e-t∏mgpw Xma-kn-°p-Ibpw AXn-Yn-Isf kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xn-hn-sS-bm-Wv. Hcp hoSns‚ F√m k÷o-I-c-W-ßfpw AhnsS Hcp-°n-sh-®n-´p-≠v. 1959 P\p-hcn 5˛mw XnøXn AhnsSc≠v AXn-hn -in -jvS -cmb AXn-Yn -Iƒ Ibdn h∂p. C¥y≥

boiZt Sspb-n]-.vk-F-.n] wp\I-k-wma-oa-Svjmc ‰b-SnI esnØboSvjmct\Xm-hp-amb AtimIv taØ, ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bpsS as‰mcp ]apJ t\Xm-hmb ^co-Zp-±o≥ A≥kmcn F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p B AXn-Yn-Iƒ, _m-^JnXßƒ Ahsc D]-Nm-c-]q¿∆w kzoI-cn-®p. Atd-_y≥ coXn-bn¬]mIw sNbvX ]m\o-b-amb a[p-c-an-√mØ Ilvh AtimIv taØ°vhfsc CjvS-am-btX. A\-¥cw Ah¿ Kuc-h-ta-dnb cmjvSob Imcy-ßƒ N¿® sNbvXp. N¿®-Iƒ°v tijw _m-^JnXßfpsS hym]mcÿm]-\-ßƒ t\cn¬ ImW-W-sa∂v AtimIv taØ BKlw ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. kmº-ØnI imkvX-⁄-\mb taØ°v AXn¬ A°m-Z-anIvXm¬]-cy-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww. _m-^JnXßƒ tIm¿´v tdmUnse

wpbI-nch v≠-m°s-n´qI bsØat vImitA v°et-nb-e-mi-I-n≠m] ‚sXtImgn-t°ms´ hym]mc coXnsb Ipdn®v At±-l-Øn\v hnh-cn®v sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ipcp-ap-f-In\pw Np°n\pw B Ime-Øp-≠mb hne-bn-Sn-hns‚ Imc-W-ßsf ]‰nbpw kº-ZvL-S-\-bn¬ AXp-f-hm-°p∂]Xym-Lm-X-ßsf ]‰nbpw taØ _m-^JnXßsf t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]Pm tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿´nbpw apkvenw eoKp-ambn\ne-hn-ep≈ kplrZv_‘w IqSp-X¬ kpZr-V-am-°p-∂-Xn\v AtimIvtaØ˛_m-^JnXßƒ IqSn-°mgvN klm-b-I-c-am-bn.

P\m-[n-]Xy i‡n-I-fpsS sFIyw F∂ ]n.-F-kv.-]n.-bpsSBlzm-\-Øn\v _m-^JnXßƒ Dd® ]n¥pW \¬In. P\m-[n-]Xy


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

114115

sIm≠n-cp∂ Bibw Bbn-cp-∂-t√m. sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠v B¿.i¶dn\v sFIy Blzm-\-Øn\v ssl°-am‚ns‚ A\p-aXn F∂ISº IS-t°-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-c-p∂p. i¶¿ B A\p-aXn Hcp hn[w t\Sn-sb-Sp-Øp. tIm¨Kkpw apkvenw eoKpw ]n.-F-kv.-]nbpw kl-I-cn®v]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ km[yX sXfn-™p h∂p. Ct∏mƒ cq]-s∏-Sp∂ Xc-Øn¬ tIc-f-Ønse P\m-[n-]Xy I£n-I-fpsS sFIy-\nc]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb ùXnI kml-Ncyw tZhn-Ipfw D]-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ _m- JnXßƒ krjvSn-s®-Sp-Øp-sh∂ Imcyw kvacn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠v.

tIc-f-Øn¬ kµ¿i-\-Øn-s\-Ønb tIm¨Kkv ]kn-U≠vbp.-F≥. t[_¿, _m-^JnXßsf I≠v N¿® \S-Øn. "Cu sIm®pkwÿm-\-Ønse ÿnXn Ia-Øn¬ tami-ambn hcn-I-bm-sW∂pw CXn-s\-Xn-cmbn cmPy-sam- msI DW-c-W-sa∂pw'«t[_¿ 1958 sk]vXw-_¿19˛\v sF.-sF.-kn.-kn°v ka¿∏n® Ccp-]Xv t]Pp≈ dnt∏m¿ń¬ A`n-]m-b-s∏-´p. tIc-f-Ønse Xo Xp∏p∂ CS-Xp-]£ hnπh ]m¿ń-bmbB¿.-F-kv.-]nbpw IΩyq-WnÃv Kh¨sa‚n-s\-Xn-cm-bn. ""tIc-f-ØnseIΩyq-WnÃv Kh¨sa‚n-t\mSv tIc-f-Øn\v ]pd-Øp≈ ]ptcm-K-a\hmZn-Iƒ°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ k∑-t\m-`mhw Nµ-\-tØm-∏nepw aq∂m-dnepwshSn-sh∏v \S-Ønb tijw Xosc \jvS-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v B¿.-F-kv.-]n-bpsS tZiob P\-d¬ skI-´dn XnZo]vIpam¿ Nu[cn A`n-]m-b-s∏-´p.'' (10˛04˛59) tÃ‰nse P\-ß-fpsS P\m-[n-]Xy Ah-Im-i-ßƒkwc-£n-°m≥ IΩyq-WnÃv Kh¨sa‚n-s\-Xn-cmbn \S-Øp∂ GXv_lp-P\ ]t£m- -sØbpw B¿.-F-kv.-]n. ]q¿Æ-ambn A\p-Iq-en-°p-sa∂v tIcf B¿.-F-kv.-]n-bpsS BIvSnwKv skI-´dn Sn.-sI. Znhm-I-c≥ sIm√Øv ]kvXm-hn-®p.

P\m-[n-]Xy sFIyw F∂ _m-^JnXßfpsS Bi-b-Øn\vapkvenw eoKns‚ kwÿm\ ktΩ-f\w Dd® ]n¥pW \¬In. 1959s^_p-hcn 13, 14 Xnø-Xn-I-fn-emWv apkvenw eoKns‚ c≠mw kwÿm\ktΩ-f\w tImgn-t°mSv sh®v \S-∂-Xv. tIc-f-Ønse IΩyq-WnÃvKh¨sa‚n-s\-Xnsc P\m-[n-]Xy I£n-I-fpsS sFIy-ap-∂-Wn-°p≈Blzm-\-am-bn-cp∂p tImgn-t°mSv ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ cmjvSob ]ta-bw.apkvenw eoKns‚ tImgn-t°mSv ktΩ-f\w khn-ti-j-amb i≤BI¿jn-®p. Hcp henb cmjvSob apt∂-‰-Øns‚ Ae-sbm-en-IƒkrjvSn®p sIm≠mWv B ktΩ-f\w ]cy-h-km-\n-®-Xv. amXr-`qanHcp apJ-]-kw-K-Øn¬ Cßs\ Fgp-Xn.

""apkvenw eoKns‚ tÃ‰v ktΩ-f\w CubnsS tImgn-t°mSvtNcp-I-bp-≠m-b-t√m. A∂sØ B¿`m-Shpw Bth-ihpw tImgn-t°mSv



115

ASpØ Ime-Øp-≠mb a‰p ktΩ-f-\-hp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øn-t\m-°n-bm¬ \nkvXp-e-am-bn-cp∂p F∂p ]d-bmw. Cu Bthiw P\n-∏n-°m\pw CX B¿`m-StØmSv IqSn ktΩ-f\w \S-Øm\pw Ign™eoKv t\Xm-°-fpsS Bfl-hn-izm-k-sØbpw kwL-S\m ssh -h-sØbpwRßƒ lrZ-b-]q¿∆w A`n-\-µn®p sIm≈p∂p'' (am-Xr-`qan 18˛2˛59).

amXr-`qan ]d-™Xv t]mse apkvenw eoKv ktΩ-f\w B¿`m-S-]q¿∆w Ign-™p-sh-¶nepw B kwÿm\ ktΩ-f\w IÆo-cn¬IpXn¿∂ Hc-[ym-b-Øn\v km£n-bm-bn. temdn PmY-I-fm-bn-cp∂p ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ Hcp ]tXy-I-X. kwÿm-\-Øns‚ F√m Kma-aq-e-I-fn¬\n∂pw \qdp IW-°n\v Ae-¶-cn® temdn-Iƒ tIm¨thmbv knÃ-Øn¬ Hmtc ka-bØv PmY-bmbn ]pd-s∏-´Xv IuXp-I-I-c-amb ImgvN-bm-bn. Hcp am∏n-f-∏m´v Ihn h¿Æn-®Xv t]mse.

temdn PmY-Iƒ I≠m-e-Xn-i-bn˛®mcpw hnc¬ sh°pw aq°ØvtemIw kt¥m-jn-°p-s∂-¶nepw hn[n˛timI-am-W¥y `hn-jyØvB A¥y`hn-jyØv Hcp A]-I-S-am-bn-cp∂p. hS-I-c-bn¬ \n∂v

\qdp IW-°n\v ]h¿Ø-I-∑m-scbpw hln®p sIm≠v ktΩ-f-\-Øn\v]pd-s∏´ temdn-I-fn-sem∂v Ccn-ß¬ ]tZ-isØ Hcp slb¿]n≥ hf-hn-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ \nb-¥Ww hn´p adn-bp-Ibpw hS-I-c-°m-cmb \meveoKv ]h¿Ø-I¿ arXn-b-S-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. \c-h[n t]¿°v BPo-h-\m¥ AwK sshI-ey-Øn-\n-S-bm-°nb ]cp-°p-Iƒ tIƒ°p-IbpwsNbvXp. B timI-—-hn-bn-emWv kwÿm\ ktΩ-f\w kam-]n-®-Xv.hS-I-c-bn¬ A∂v Zpc¥ Zn\-am-bn-cp-∂p. k¿∆X Zp:Jw Xfw-sIń\n∂p.Ihn XpS¿∂v hnh-cn-®Xv t]mse.

""A∂v hS-I-c-bn¬ NpSp-NpÍÆo-scm-gp-°m-sØmcmfn√A´-lmkw _lfw sIm≠m-ImiwsRń-∏n-°msØmcp hoSn-√....''X´m‚-hnS DΩ¿, ae-bn¬ apl-Ω-Zv, sI.-]n. DΩ¿ Ipń, Sn.-F.

A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p A∂sØ A]-I-S-Øn¬ sIm√-s∏-´-h¿. ]ns‰ Znhkw Xs∂ JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬kmln_pw _m-^JnXßfpw hS-I-c-bn-seØn acn-®-h-cpsS hoSp-I-fn¬ t]mbn Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_mw-K-ßsf km¥z-\-s∏-Sp-Øn. ]cn-t°-‰-h¿°v hnZKv[ NnIn’ e`y-am-°n. kwÿm\ apkvenw eoKv IΩn-‰nHcp ^≠v tiJ-cn®v ac-W-s∏-´-h-cpsS IpSpw-_-ßƒ°v \¬In.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

116117

tIc-f-Øn¬ kaq-ln-I-cwKw kmµ-ambn hcn-I-bm-Wv. IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cpsS Iymºpw X¥-ßƒ sa\-bm≥ Xøm-sd-SpØp. apkvenweoKns\ IS-∂m-I-an-°p-I-bmWv BZy-ambn th≠-sX∂v Ah¿ hnNm-cn®p. apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ hnX-cWw sNøm-\mbn Ah¿ Hcp hmcnIBcw- n-®p. "]ptcm-KXn' F∂mWv B hmcn-I-bpsS t]cv. tImgn-t°msápkvenw IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cpsS t]cn-emWv CXv XpS-ßn-b-Xv. tImgn-t°mSv]n∂oSv sU]yqń tab-dmb ap√-ho-ń¬ skbvZv apl-ΩZv ap≥I-sø-Sp-°p-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚ `mcym-]n-Xm-hmb sI. Ben-t°mb ]Xm-[n-]-cm-hp-Ibpw sNbvX "]ptcm-KXn'bpsS ]n∂n¬ sI.-]n. apl-ΩZv tImb,]n.-sI. apl-ΩZv Ip™n apX-emb A°m-esØ apkvenw IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Imcpw kl-bm-Xn-I-cp-am-bn-cp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. apkvenw eoKns\FXn¿°-em-bn-cp∂p B hmcn-I-bpsS GI e£yw.

"]ptcm-KXn'°v ]pdsa "]ptcm-K-a\ apkvenw enKv' AYhmt]mK-Ãohv eoKv Fs∂mcp kwL-S\bpw IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ D≠m-°n. FS-t»cn auehn Fs∂mcp ]fin-Xs\ Ah-c-X-ns‚ ]kn-U‚m-°n. hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ Hcp Jfiw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-ØnbXn\p≈ JymXn t\Snb FS-t»cn aue-hnbpw IqsS sI.-kn.tImap-Ipń aue-hnbpw IqSn apkvenw eoKns\ ap´p-Ip-Øn-°m-sa-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Znhm-kz-]v\w. \mev sIm√w sIm≠v B kz]v\w s]men-™p. "]ptcm-KXn' ]qń. 1959˛¬ XpS-ßnb "]ptcm-KXn°v' 1961 hsc-bm-bn-cp∂p Bbp v. t]mK- ohv eoKpw Nc-a-a-S-™p.

CXn-\Iw kwÿm-\Øv Ia-k-am-[m-\-\ne A\p-Zn\w hj-fmbn hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Øn¬ IΩyq-WnÃv ]h¿Ø-I-∑m¿\nbaw Iøn-se-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Kma-ß-fn¬ Ah-cpsS sk¬I-Ωn-‰n-Iƒ kam-¥c tImS-Xn-I-fmbn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xmbn X\n°v hnhcwInń-bn-´p-s≠∂pw _m-^JnXßƒ Btcm-]n-®p. IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS A°m-esØ ]mtZ-inI bqWn-‰p-I-fm-bn-cp∂p sk¬I-Ωn-‰n-Iƒ.(C∂v AXv _m©v IΩn-‰n-I-fm-bn) Kma-ß-fnse IΩyq-WnÃv sk¬IΩn-‰n-Iƒ Bfp-I-fn¬ \n∂v ]cm-Xn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw ]Xn-Iƒ°v ka≥kv Ab-°p-Ibpw hnNm-cW \S-Øp-Ibpw in£ hn[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ kw`-h-ßƒ ]te-S-ß-fn-ep-ap≠m-bn.

knhn¬-˛-In-an-\¬ tImS-Xn-Iƒ sNtø≠ Imcy-ßƒ ]m¿ńIΩn-‰n-Iƒ Gs‰-Sp-Ø-tXmsS kwÿm-\Øv Acm-P-IXzw sImSn-IpØnhmWp.

Cu A]-I-Sm-h-ÿsb Ipdn-®mWv _m- JnXßƒ ap∂-dn-bn∏v\¬In-b-Xv.



117

IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń sk¬ IΩn-‰n-Iƒ "I£n'Iƒ°v tImS-Xn-bn-se∂ t]mse ka≥k-b-°p-∂-Xns‚ sXfn-hp-I-fp-ambn ]Xn-]£ t\Xmhv ]n.-Sn. Nmt°m \nb-a-k-`-bn-se-Øn. At±lw \nb-a-k-`-bpsS tai-∏p-dØv sh® AØ-c-samcp ka≥kns‚ icn-∏-I¿∏vXmsg tN¿°p∂p:˛

"]Ø\wXn´ Xmeq-°n¬ dm∂n ]Ip-Xn-bn¬ Ip∂p-Ωqdn CSn-™n-°mhv FIvkvtN©v Bbn A\p-h-Zn®p X∂n- p≈ ÿeØv ]pXp-Xmbn Irjn°v h∂n-´p≈ Ip™p tem\-∏≥ F∂p hnfn®p hcp∂Bfns‚ a°ƒ De-l-∂m≥ amWn, De-l-∂m≥ tPm¨ F∂n-hscsXcy-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ t\mó-kv. \nßsf ]Xn-bm°n Sn ÿeØp Xmakwsh®p Ipt∂¬ a¿t°mkv h¿°n C¥y≥ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ńNmØ≥Xd sk√n-te°v X∂n-´p≈ tIkv Ct∂ Znhkw 8˛7˛1957IrXy-k-abw NmØ≥Xd Ih-e-bn-ep≈ Ce-£≥ Bô-kn¬ h∂ptNc-W-sa∂v CXn-\m¬ Adn-bn®p sIm≈p-∂p.

F∂vsk¬ skI-´-dn,k. H.-Fw. Ip™p-sN-dp-°≥1

tIc-f-Ønse IΩyq-WnÃv cWw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°m-\p≈ AI-a-c-lnX ]t£m-`-Øns‚ BZy ]Sn F∂ \ne-bn¬ Pq¨ 12 sh≈n-bmgvN hntam-N\ Zn\-ambn BN-cn-°m\pw IS-I-tºm-f-ß-f-S®v ]Xn-tj[w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠v B¿. i¶¿Blzm\w sNbvXp.

""]Xy£ ka-c-a-√msX a‰p am¿§-an-√- -I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ ac-W-aWn apg-°p-tºmƒ P\-ßƒ ]ns∂ F¥p sNøp-sa∂v'' apkvenw eoKns‚ tZiob A[y-£≥ JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v tNmZn-®p. JmCsZ an√-Øns‚ ]kvXm-h\ka-c-ap-J-Øp≈ tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw eoKp-Im¿°v Du¿÷w]I¿∂p. _m-^JnXßƒ Hcp ]Sn-IqSn apt∂m´v t]mbn. Hcp apkven-an\v IΩyq-Wn-Ãmbn sIm≠v Ahs‚ Ckvem-anI hnizmkw \ne-\n¿Øm-\m-hn-s√∂v at©-cn-bn¬ tN¿∂ hºn® apkvenw-eoKv ktΩ-f\w DZvLm-S\w sNbvXv sIm≠v At±lw Ak-µn-Kv[-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®p.

Pq¨ 10˛mw XnøXn _m-^JnXßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® kpZo¿L-amb Hcp ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ ""c≠v kzX¥ saº¿am-cpsS ]n≥_ewsIm≠v A[n-Im-c-Øn-en-cn-°p∂ t\Xmhv ˛ 35 iX-am\w P\-ß-fpsS]n¥pW amXw e`n® Hcp Kh¨sa‚ v ˛ \msSm-´p°pw \m\m Xpd-I-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

118119

fn-embn AXn-s\-Xn-cn¬ i‡n-]q¿∆w ]tLm-jn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]Xn-tj[kzc-sØbpw _lp-P-\-ß-fpsS kmc-amb FXn¿∏n-s\bpw hI-sh-°msX A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ XpS¿∂p t]mIp-∂Xv Hcp [m¿Ωn-I-amb A]-am-\hpw A£-¥-hy-amb Hcp cmjvSob ]m]-hp-am-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.... Cu ]cn-Xÿn-Xn-bn¬ Cu Kh¨sa‚ v cWw XpS¿∂pt]mhp-∂-Xn¬ P\-ßƒ°p≈ ]Xn-tj[w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ P\m-bØacym-Z-b-\p-k-cn®p≈ am¿§-ßƒ Ah-ew-_n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. X∂n-anØw l¿Øm-enepw s]mXp-tbm-K-Ønepw ]s¶-SpØv hntam-N-\-Zn\whnP-bn-∏n-°m≥ A`y¿∞n®p sIm≈p-∂p.''

i¶-dns‚ Blzm-\-tØmSv ]Xn-I-cn-°m-\mbn DSs\ apkvenweoKns‚ tÃ‰v Iu¨kn-¬ hnfn-®p- Iq-´m≥ _m-^JnXßƒ P\-d¬skI-´dn sI.-Fw. koXn kmln-_n-t\mSv Bh-iy-s∏-´p. Pq¨ 8˛mwXnøXn _m-^JnXßfpsS A[y-£-X-bn¬ tN¿∂ apkvenw eoKvIu¨kn¬ 12˛mw Xnø-Xn-bnse l¿Ømen¬ kPo-h-ambn ]s¶-Sp-°m≥Xocp-am-\n-®p-sIm≠v sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U-≠ns‚ Blzm-\-tØmSvA\p-Iq-e-ambn ]Xn-I-cn-®p. ]nt‰ Znhkw NµnI ]Xw "ka-c-Øn-te°v' F∂ io¿j-I-Øn¬ c≠p Znhkw XpS¿®-bmbn D÷z-e-ambHcp apJ-]-kwKsagp-Xn.

1959 Pq¨ 12˛mw XnøXn tIm¨Kkpw ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bpw IΩyq-WnÃv Kh¨sa‚n-s\-Xn-cmb hntam-N\ kacw ]Jym-]n-®p. \mb¿k¿∆okv skmssk-‰n-bpsS BNmcy Xpey-\mb t\Xmhv a∂Øv ]fl-\m-`-\mWv B ka-c-Øns‚ kmcYyw Gs‰-Sp-Ø-Xv. _m“-W-ta-[m-hn-Xz-Øns‚ Im¬°o-gn¬ \n∂v tIc-f-Ønse \mb¿ kap-Zm-bsØ tamNn-∏n®v Ah¿°v C∂v ImWp∂ sFiz-cy-ß-sf√mw t\Sn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xns‚apgp-h≥ _lp-a-Xnbpw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm-\m-hp∂ t\Xm-hmWv a∂Øv]fl-\m-`≥. ""C∂sØ kap-Zmb ku[-Øns‚ ASn-Ød apX¬ta¬°qc hsc am‰n-∏-Wn™v Hcp \qX\ kwhn-[m\ Ia-Øn¬AXns\ \ho-I-cn-°m≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™p.'' (a-∂Øv ]fl-\m-`≥, tUm. F≥. Nµ-ti-J-c≥ \mb¿, BapJw, tIcf kmwkvIm-cnI ]kn-≤o-I-cW hIp∏v, 1993)

\mb-∑m¿°v IΩyq-Wnkw ]‰n√ F∂ A`n-]m-b-°m-c-\m-bn-cp∂p a∂w. ""\mb¿ kap-Zm-b-Ønt\m a\pjy kap-Zm-b-Ønt\m IΩyq-Wnkw ]‰n-b-X-√. B Bfp-I-tfm-sS-\n°v hntcm-[-an-√.-hnjw IpSn®vacn-°p-∂-h-tcmSpw Ipd®v kl-Xm]w ImWn-t°-≠Xv \ΩpsS IS-a-bm-Wv.'' (a-∂Øv ]∑-\m-`¿, tUm. F≥. Nµ-ti-J¿ \mb¿).

tIcfw apgp-h\pw Pq¨ 12 hntam-N\ Zn\-ambn sIm≠m-Sn.



119

tImgn-t°mSv tÃUnbw Ku≠n¬ hºn® dmen \S-∂p. Hmtcm ]tZ-iØp \n∂pw dmen-bn-te°v hºn® PmY-Iƒ h∂p tN¿∂p. Ip‰n-®n-d-bn¬ \n∂v _m-^JnXßƒ t\cn´v \bn® PmY-bmWv BZy-ambntÃUnbw Ku≠n¬ FØn-t®¿∂-Xv.

]nt‰ Znhkw tI´Xv shSn-bpsS i_vZ-am-Wv. A¶-am-en-bn¬\ncm-bp-[-cmb hntam-N\ hf-≠n-b¿am-cpsS t\sc t]meokv \nd-tXm-s°m-gn-®p. A©p t]¿ acn-®p. Pq¨ 13˛mw XnøXn sIm®p thfn-bnepw s\øm-‰n≥I-c-bnse ]p√p-hn-f-bnepw t]meo-kp-Im¿ P\-°q-´-Øns‚ t\¿°v shSn-sh-®p. sIm®p-th-fn-bn¬ aq∂v t]cpw ]p√p-hn-f-bn¬ c≠p t]mcp-amWv acn-®-Xv. ]p√p-hn-f-bn¬ 10013 Bfp-Iƒs°-Xn-sc-bmWv tIkv Nm¿÷v sNbvXXv. B Kma-Ønse apgp-h≥ t]¿s°-Xn-scbpw tIkv F∂v A¿∞w. Pq¨ 5˛mw XnøXn sNdn-b-Xp-d-bn¬a’y-sØm-gn-emfn kvXobmb vtfmdnsb shSn-sh®p sIm∂p. AhƒK¿`n-Wn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp shSn°v c≠v acWw. K¿`n-Wn-bmb AΩbpwK¿`ÿ inip-hpw.

A¶-am-en-bn¬ \S∂ shSn-sh∏v lrZbap≈ Bscbpw sR´n-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw th≠X ap∂-dn-bn∏v IqSmsX CØcw ISpØ]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v Xp\n-™Xv tJZ-I-c-am-sW∂pw Cu kw`-hsØIpdn®v Hcp PpUo-jy¬ At\z-jWw DS-\Sn \S-Ø-W-sa∂pw _m-^JnXßƒ sI.-Fw. koXn kmln-_n-t\m-sSm∏w \S-Ønb ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ Bh-iy-s∏-´p.

tIm¨Kkpw ]n.-F-kv.-]nbpw ]Jym-]n® ]Xy-£-k-a-c-Øn¬X¬£Ww Xs∂ apkvenw eoKv tN¿∂n-√. Ah¿°v kwÿm\ kan-Xn-bpsS A\p-aXn tXtS-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. P\m-[n-]Xy I£n-I-fpsSkl-I-c-Whpw ]Xy£ ka-chpw H∂-√. s]s´∂v hnI-c- -cn-X-cm-hp∂ae-_m¿ am∏n-f-amsc s]Sp-∂s\ ]Xy-£-k-a-c-Øn-te°v NmSn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv apkvenw eoKn\v aq∂v h´w Btem-Nn-t°-≠n-h-∂p. 1921˛seae_m¿ Iem-]-Øns‚ \Sp-°p∂ A\p-`hw Ah-cpsS apºn-ep-≠v.

AXn-\m¬ ]Xy-£-k-acw F∂v tIƒ°p-tºmƒ kwibwtXm∂p-I-sb-∂Xv apkvenw eoKns‚ ssPh-kz-`m-h-ambn Øo¿∂p.

hyh-ÿm-]nX ka-c-ß-tfm-Sm-bn-cp∂p apkvenw eoKn\v ]Yyw.1959˛¬ sI. tIf-∏≥, IΩyq-WnÃv Kh¨sa‚n-s\-Xn-cmbn Hcp \ncm-lmc kacw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. B ka-csØ A\p-c-RvP-\-Øn-se-Øn-°m≥ \nba a¥n hn.-B¿. IrjvW-ø¿ Hcp tbmKw hnfn-®p-Iq-´n. _m-^JnXßƒ, ]´w, ]\-ºn-≈n, B¿. i¶¿, tImgn-∏p-dØv am[-h-ta-t\m≥ apX-emb t\Xm-°-fmWv HØp-Xo¿∏n\v ian-®-Xv. At\Iw


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

120121

t^m¿ap-e-Iƒ Dcp-Øn-cn-bp-Ibpw \ncm-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.Kh¨sa‚ v cmPn-sh-°-W-sa∂v Htc Hcp hmin-bm-bn-cp∂p tIf-∏-Pn-°v. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ _m-^JnXßƒ tIf-∏-Pn-tbmSv tNmZn®p:˛

""IΩyqWnÃp-Im¿ shdpsX A[n-Im-c-I-tk-c-bn¬ Ib-dn-°q-Sn-b-X-√. P\-ßƒ sXc-s™-SpØv Ab-®-Xm-Wv. `qcn-]£w t\cn-b-Xm-bn-cn°mw. F∂m¬ `qcn-]-£-ap-≠-t√m. AXn-√m-Xm-°m≥ ian-°p-I-b-√msX \ncm-lmc `ojWn sIm≠v Hcp a¥n-k` cmPn-sh-°-W-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn\v \nc-°n√''

Aß-s\-bp≈ Hcp hnNmc ssien -bmWv _m -^JnXßƒ°p≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]Xn-]£ kacw hyXn-N-en®p t]mIp-∂-Xns\ At±lw `b-s∏-´p.

At±lw tUm.- sI.-_n. tat\ms\ I≠p. X\n°v G‰hpwhniz-kn-°m-\m-hp∂ cmjvSob kplrØmbncp∂p tUm. tat\m≥. \S-Øm≥ t]mhp∂ ka-c-Øns‚ hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ At±lw sI.-_n. tat\m-\n¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°n. Fd-Wm-Ip-fØpw Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØpw sN∂vtIm¨Kkv t\Xm-°sf I≠v kwkm-cn-®p. kacw P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚Hcp mK-am-sW∂pw AXv AI-a-c-ln-X-amb am¿§-Øn-em-sW∂pw P\m-[n-]-XysØ Im‰n¬ ]d-Ønb IΩyq-WnÃv c-W-Øn-s\-Xnsc ]Xy£ka-c-]-cn-]m-Sn-Itf ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw tIm¨Kkv t\Xm-°ƒ _m- JnXßsf t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn. kacw Hcp kml-N-cy-ØnepwAI-am-k-‡-am-hn-s√∂pw apg-°-s∏-Sp∂ apZm-hm-Iy-ßƒ k`y-X-bpsSkoa-Iƒ ewLn-°p-∂-h-bm-bn-cn-°n-s√∂pw _m- JnXßƒ Ah-tcmSvDd∏v hmßn.

1959 Pq¨ 22˛\v tIcf kwÿm\ apkvenw eoKv Iu¨kn¬JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_ns‚ km∂n-[y-Øn¬_m-^JnXßfpsS A[y-£-X-bn¬ tImgn-t°mSv tN¿∂p. hntam-N\ka-c-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn Xocp-am-\n-®p. ]ns‰ ZnhkwXs∂ apkvenw eoKns‚ Fw.-F¬.-F-am-cmb sI. Ahp-°mZ¿ Ip´n\lbpw Fw.-]n.-Fw. apl-ΩZv Ipcn-°fpw AdÃv sNø-s∏-´p.

apkvenw eoKv IqSn ka-c-Øn¬ tN¿∂-tXmsS \mSpw \K-chpwDt∑-j-`-cn-X-am-bn. kacw Du¿÷z-kz-e-amb Ah-ÿ ssIh-cn-®p.

""IΩyq-WnÃv Kh¨sa‚ns\ Xmsg-bn-d-°m≥ ]Xy-£-k-a-c-a-√msX as‰mcp am¿§-hp-an√'' JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v ]kvXm-hn-®p.

shSn-sh∏pw emØn-Nm¿÷pw CSn-h-≠nbpw tem°∏v a¿±-\hpwKh¨sa‚ns‚ apJ-ap-Z-bmbn amdn. "Cu k¿°m-dns\ ASn®p ]pd-



121

Øm-°m≥ ChnsS BWp-ß-fnt√' sb∂v tIc-f-Ønse CS-Xp-]£Nn¥-I-cpsS Xe-sXm-´-∏-\mb aØmbn am™q-cm≥ tNmZn-®p. "km[m-cW P\-ß-fpsS s]mXp-thbpw sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS ]tXy-In®pwXmXv]-cy-ßƒ _en Ign®pw ASn-b-¥c ]iv\-ßƒ H∂p t]mepw]cn-l-cn-°m≥ km[n-°m-sXbpw `cWw XpS-cp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ \√XvcmPn sh®v Hgn™v s]mXp-sX-c-s™-Sp∏v \S-Ø-em-sW∂pw' ]kn≤CS-Xp-]£ Nn¥-I≥ tla¥ Ipam¿ _mkp-hns‚ A[y-£-X-bn¬Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv tN¿∂ t^m¿thUv tªm°v ktΩ-f\w IΩyq-WnÃv Kh¨sa‚ns\ D]-tZ-in-®p.

kvt\l-_p≤ym D≈ Cu D]-tZ-ihpw \ºq-Xn-cn∏mSv kzoI-cn-®n-√.

AXn-\-S°v 1959 G]n¬ amkØn¬ kn.-F-®v. apl-Ω-ZvtImb]cn-ip≤ l÷v \n¿h-W-Øn-\mbn a°-bn-te°v t]mbn. Pqsse-bn¬At±lw Xncn-s®-Øp-∂-Xvhsc _m-^JnXßƒ°v Cc´n tPmen-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp A·n]co£ t]mse B amk-ßsf At±lw AXn-Po-hn-®p. hntam-N\ ka-c-Øns‚ Iml-f-aq-Xn-s°m≠v _m-^JnXßƒtIcfw apgp-h≥ bmX sNbvXp. tIm´-bsØ hºn® hntam-N\ dmen-bn¬ tÃPnse apJy-amb i≤m-_nµp _m -Jn-X-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. DZvLm-S-I≥ a∂Øv ]fl-\m- ≥ ]d-™Xv "apkvenw-I-fpsS apSn-Nq-Sm-a-∂-\mb_m- JnXßfpsS km∂n-[y-Øn¬ Cu ktΩ-f\w DZvLm-S\w sNøp-hm≥ F\n°v hf-sc-tbsd Nmcn-Xm¿∞y-ap-≠v.' F∂mWv. "hS-°≥ae-bm-f-Øn¬ a\- n¬ sIm≈p∂ hn[-Øn¬ Ie-h-d-bn-√msX Imcy-ßƒ Iøm-fp∂ _m- JnXßfpsS kl-I-cWw hntam-N\ ka-c-Øn\vhºn® apX¬°q-´-sW∂m'bncp∂p B¿. i¶-dns‚ ]kw-K-Ønse]cm-a¿iw.

"a∂w-˛-]-´w-˛-i-¶¿-˛-Nm-t°m˛_m-^JnXßƒ knµm-_mZv' CuapZm-hmIyw tIc-f-amsI apJ-cn-X-am-bn. Kma-ßfpw AXns‚ AthiwG‰p-hm-ßn. Znh-khpw Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v kvXo ]pcp-j≥am¿ AdÃvhcn-®p. Pbn-ep-Iƒ Ihn-s™m-gp-In. k¿°m-cm-^o-kp-Iƒ \n›-e-am-bn.

tIcf Kh¨sa‚n-s\-Xn-cmbn sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠v B¿.-i-¶¿ AºXp t]Pp≈ Ip‰-]Xw cmjvS-]Xn tUm. cmtPµ ]km-Zn\v ka¿∏n-®p. IΩyq-Wn-Ãv Kh¨sa‚ v shSn-sh-®p sIm∂ ]Xn-\©v c‡km£n-I-fpsS _en IpSo-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂v sImfp-Ønb Zo]-in-J-I-fp-ambn A©v e£w P\-ßƒ cmPv`-h-\n-te°v am¿®v sNbvXp.

tIcfw CfIn adn-™p. Kh¨sa‚ v P\-ßƒs°-Xnsc


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B™-Sn-®p.24 XhW shSn-sh∏v \S-∂p. Ah-bn¬ 22 Bfp-Iƒ acn-®p

hoWp. 141 emØn-®m¿÷p-Iƒ (Nq-c¬ ]tbmKw thsd) AXn¬ 1865t]¿°v ]cn-t°-‰p. Ht∂ ap°¬ e£w Bfp-Iƒ Ad-Ãn¬. Ah-cn¬48500 kvXoIƒ. kzmX¥y ka-c-Im-eØv t]mepw I≠n-´n-√mØ P\-ap-t∂-‰w.

ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ t\cn´v a\- n-em-°m≥ ][m-\-a¥n Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp tIc-f-Øn-se-Øn. "Chn-sS-sbmcp bYm¿∞ P\-ap-t∂-‰-amWv ImWp-∂-sX∂v' s\lvdp kΩ-Xn-®p. At±lw apJy-a-¥n-sbbpw IΩyq-WnÃv t\Xm-°-sfbpw I≠p. Hcp sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]Jym-]n®p sIm≠v cmPn-sh-°-emWv A`n-Im-ay-sa∂v ][m-\-a¥n tIcfapJy-a-¥nsb D]-tZ-in-®p.

]s£ \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv Iq´m-°n-bn-√. kJmhv sI. Zmtam-Z-c≥]d-bp∂p: ""tIc-f-Øn-\-IØv ]Xn-tema t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ P\-Iob]ÿm\w aq¿[-\y-Øn-se-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kn.-]n.-sF. t\Xm-°ƒ°vIt√dp sIm≈msX k©-cn-°m≥ Xs∂ ]bm-k-am-bn. Fs‚ \nebpwhyXy-kvX-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p. C°m-e-ØmWv s\lvdp tIcfw kµ¿in-°m\pw ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ t\cn´v a\- n-em-°m\pw Xocp-am-\n-®-Xv.Kh¨sa‚ns\ DS≥ Xs∂ ]ncn®v hnS-W-sa∂v Be-iy-s∏-Sp∂A`y¿∞-\-bp-ambn sN∂-h¿ At±-lsØ hf-™p. At±lw Rß-sfbpw ImWm-Xn-cp-∂n-√. Kh¨sa‚ v a¥n-am-cp-ambn At±lw ]e-Ipdn sht∆sd N¿®-Iƒ \S-Øn. ]m¿´n kwÿm\ IΩn-‰n-bpsS Hcp]Xn-\n[n kwL-sØbpw At±lw I≠p. Cu ]Xn-\n[n kwL-Øn¬Rm\pw AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p. Rß-fp-am-bp≈ N¿®-bn¬ At±lw Rß-tfmSv tNmZn® BZy-sØ tNmZyw Rm≥ Hm¿°p-∂p. "CX sNdnbIme-b-f-hn¬ P\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v CX hnkva-b-I-c-ambn H‰-s∏-Sm≥\nßƒs°-ßs\ Ign™p?' thm´¿am¿°v Hcp Xocp-am-\Øn\-h-kcw\¬Im≥ ]pXnb sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-Øm-sa∂ hyh-ÿ-bn¬ IΩyq-WnÃv Kh¨sa‚n\v `cWw XpScmw F∂v At±lw \n¿t±-in-®p.kwÿm\ IΩn‰n s\lvdp-hns‚ \n¿t±iw N¿® sNøm≥ Hcp ]tXyItbmKw hnfn-®p. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚ \n¿_‘w aqew B \n¿t±iw X≈n-°-f-bm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-I-bpw- sNbvXp1 ''

]fin‰v s\lvdp apt∂m´v sh® DNn-X-amb \n¿t±iw apJy-a¥n \ncm-I-cn® kml-N-cy-Øn¬ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 356˛mw hIp∏v]tbm-Kn-°pI amXta tIµ Kh¨sa‚n\v \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. k¿°m-dns\ ]pd-¥-≈-W-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏ v sIm≠v tIcf Kh¿W¿ tIµ-Øn-



123

te°v dnt∏m¿´v Ab-®p. kmt¶-XnIambn Aßs\ Hcp dnt∏m¿ńs‚ASn -ÿm-\ -Øn¬ amXta Hcp tÃ‰n¬ CS-s]-Sm≥ tIµKh¨sa‚n\v Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. B kmt¶-Xn-I-Xzhpw Hgn-hm-bn.Pqsse 31˛mw XnøXn tIµ Kh¨sa‚ v AYhm cmjvS-]Xn tIc-f-Ønse \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv Kh¨sa‚ns\ ]ncn-®p-hn-´p. C¥y-bn¬ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 356˛mw hIp∏v ]tbm-Kn-°m≥ cmjvS-]-Xn°v e`n®BZysØ Ah-k-cw.

cmjvSob tImem-l-e-ßƒ apSn Agn®v BSp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬Xr»q-cn¬ \n∂v CXm Hcp Aip` h¿Ø-am-\w. tZhm-e-b-ß-fpsSapºn¬ IqSn-bp≈ hmZy-tLm-j-bmX Xs∂-bmWv Chn-sSbpw hn√≥.F´v sIm√w apºv tImgn-t°ms´ \Sp-h-´Øv \S∂ kw`-h-Øns‚ X\n-bm-h¿Ø-\w.

lnµp-°ƒ°v G‰hpw BZ-c-Wo-b-amb tZhm-e-b-amWv Kpcp-hm-bq¿ ioIrjvW t£Xw. apkvenw-Iƒ°v BZ-c-Wo-b-amWv aW-Øe ]≈n.

Ncn-X\mbI\pw h≈p-h-\m-ń¬ kmaq-Xn-cn-bpsS henb ]S-Ø-e-h-\p-am-bn-cp∂ ssltZmkv Ipń aq∏s‚ arX-tZlw kwkvI-cn-®Xv aW-Øe ]≈n-bn-em-Wv. Sn∏p-hns‚ ae-sh≈w-t]mse B¿Ø-e®p h∂ ssakq¿ ]Ssb tN‰phm aW¬∏p-dØv XS-™p-\n¿Ønc‡-km-£nXzw hcn® [oc-\mb ]S-Ø-e-h-\mWv ssltZmkv Ipńap∏≥. kmaq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚ kmamPyw kwc-£n-°m-\m-Wv aq∏≥ c‡-km-£n-bm-b-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ t]cn¬ aW-Øe ]≈n-bn¬ \S-Øn-h-cp∂ Ddqkv hfsc ]kn-≤-am-Wv.

ta¬]-d™ c≠v tZhm-e-b-ßsf tIµ _nµp-hm°nsIm≠mWv Ielw XpS-ßn-b-Xv. Imew 1959 sabv amkw. hoń-°pgntIi-h≥ \mb¿ Hcp kz]v\w I≠p. Hcp lnµp-aX tLmj-bmX Xme-s∏m-en-bp-ambn hmZy-tLm-j-ß-tfmsS Kpcp-hm-bq¿- -Nm-h-°mSv hgn aW-Øe hniz-\m-Y-t£-X-Øn-te°v Fgp-∂-≈p-∂-XmWv \mb¿ kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠-Xv. Nmh-°mSv ]tZ-isØ B¿.-F-kv.-F-kp-Im¿ imJm]h¿Ø\w i‡-am-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS ]Y-k-©-e-\-ßƒ sIm≠vKma-]-Y-ßƒ i_vZ-ap-J-cn-Xhpw `b-N-In-X-hp-ambn sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂]›m-X-e-Øn-emWv tIi-h≥ \mb¿ Cu hnNnX kz]v\w Z¿in-®-Xv. kz]v\w bmYm¿∞y-am-°m≥ lnµp kaq-l-Ønse Ipsd t]¿]≈n°v apºn¬ IqSn hmZyw apg°n tLmj-bmX t]mIm≥ k÷-cm-bn. Aßs\ t]mbm¬ AXv XS-bp-sa∂v apkvenw ]£hpwhotdmsS ]Jym-]n-®p.


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kz]v\w ImWp-∂-Xn¬ apkvenw ]£w ]n∂n-em-h-cp-X-t√m.A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ F∂p t]cp≈ Hcp apkvenw sNdp-∏-°m-c\pw I≠pHcp a[pc kz]v\w. aW-Øe ]≈n-bn¬ \n∂v Kpcp-hm-bq¿ t£X-Øns‚ apºn-eqsS hmZy-tLm-j-ßƒ apg°n apkvenw-I-fpsS Hcp Nµ-\-°pS tLmj-bmX ssX°mSv ]≈n-bn-te°v t]mIp-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂pA_vZp¬ JmZ¿ I≠ kz]v\w. A_vZp¬ JmZ-dns‚ kz]v\w k^-eo-I-cn-°m≥ apkvenw ]£hpw Hcpßn \n¬∏m-bn.

c≠v kz]v\-ß-sfbpw Xmtem-en®p sIm≠v apX-se-Sp∏v \S-Øm≥ kmaqly hncp-≤-∑mcpw ImØp \n∂p.

Fßpw kwL¿j-a-bw. A¥-co£w I\w Xqßn-\n-∂p.apkvenw eoKv Fw.-F¬.F Bb sI. sambvXo≥Ip´n lmPn ]iv\wNqSp-Ip-d-bmsX \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ FØn-®p. A`y-¥c a¥n hn.-B¿.IrjvW-ø¿ I\Ø t]meokv AI-º-Sn-tbmsS kw`-h-ÿ-e-sØ-Øn.At±lw Ccp ]£-hp-ambn kwkm-cn-®p. Nmh-°m-´p-Im-c-\mb PÃnkv]n.-sI. jwkp-±o≥ A∂v A`n-`m-j-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw ]£-Øn\vth≠n B`y-¥c a¥n-tbmSv \ymb-hmZw sNbvXXv At±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p. tZhm-e-b-ß-fpsS apºn¬ IqSn tjmj-bmX t]mIp-∂Xv auen-Im-h-Im-i-am-sW∂pw AXv \nbaw aqew XS-bm≥ Bhn√ F∂p-am-bn-cp∂p IrjvW-ø-cpsS \ne-]m-Sv.

kwL¿jw aq¿®n®p sImt≠-bn-cp-∂p. hmSm-\-∏-≈n-°-SpØXrØ-√q-cn¬ Hcp apkvenw ]≈n BI-an-°-s∏-´p.

HSp-hn¬ kam-[m-\-Øns‚ Znhy-a-¥-hp-ambn ]®-s°m-Sn-bp-ta¥n _m-^JnXßƒ IpXn-s®-Øn. At±lw apkvenw-Isf hnfn-®p-Iq-´n. \nbaw Iøn-se-Sp-°-cp-sX∂pw kam-[m-\-`wKw krjvSn-°-cp-sX∂pw Ahsc D]-tZ-in-®p. sI. tIf-∏≥, amXr-`qan amt\-PnwKv Ub-c-IvS¿ hn.-Fw. \mb¿ apX-em-b-hcpw A\p-c-RvP-\-Øn\v ap≥I-sø-Sp-Øp. kam-[m\w ssIh-∂p. I\w Xqßn \n∂ taL-ßƒ s]ømsXt]mbn. _m-^JnXßƒ, tIf-∏-Pn, hn.-Fw. \mb¿, cmPm A_vZp¬JmZ¿ lmPn apX-emb ]ap-J¿ ]s¶-SpØp sIm≠p≈ kam-[m\PmY Nmh-°mSv apX¬ hmSm-\-∏≈n hsc ]¥≠v Intem-ao-‰¿Zqcw Im¬\-S-bmbn k©-cn®v kmap-Zm-bnI kulm¿±-Øns‚ ktµiw]N-cn-∏n-®p.

]n∂oSv \S∂ \nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏pI-fn¬ t£X-\-K-c-amb Kpcp-hm-bq-cn¬ \n∂v apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ hnP-bn-°m≥ XpS-ßn.

tIc-f-Øn¬ hntam-N\ ka-c-Øns‚ hnP-bsØ XpS¿∂v \ºq-



125

Xn-cn-∏mSv Kh¨sa‚ns\ ]ncn®v hn´ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ ]pXnbKh¨sa‚ns\ sXc-s™-Sp-°m-\p≈ CS-°me sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-\p≈XnøXn ]Jym-]n-®p. 1960 s^_p-hcn 1˛mw XnøXn sXc-s™-Sp∏v\S-°p-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p ]Jym-]-\w.cmjvSob ]m¿ń-Iƒ I®-ap-dp-°n-bp-Sp-Øp. hntam-N\ ka-c-i-‡n-IƒsXc-s™-Sp-∏nepw AtX ap∂-Wn-bmbn a’-cn-°-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂pP\-ß-fpsS A`n-em-jw. tIm¨K-kv, ]n.-F-kv.-]nbpw apkvenw eoKp-am-bp-≠m-°nb sXc-s™-Sp∏v kJy-Øn\v tIm¨Kkv ssl°-am‚ vA\p-aXn \¬In. sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Bth-i-I-c-ambn]ptcm-K-an-®p. sFIy-I£n ]Xm-I-Iƒ tIc-f-amsI ]mdn-°-fn-®p. 81ko‰p-I-fn¬ tIm¨Kkpw 33 ko‰p-I-fn¬ ]n.-F-kv.-]n.bpw 12 ko‰p-I-fn¬ apkvenw eoKpw a’-cn-®p.

sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]Nm-cW cwKØv _m-^JnXßƒ BZym-h-km-\-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. F√m afi-e-ß-fnepw At±lw hc-W-sa∂vÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ°v \n¿_-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw eoKn\v Xosckzm[o-\-an-√mØ afi-e-ß-fnse ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ t]mepw Hcp Znh-k-sa-¶nepw _m-^JnXßsf In´m≥ th≠n At±-l-Øns‚ tImgn-t°ms´ ]m≠n-I-im-e-I-fn¬ ImØp-In-S-∂p. At±lw Ah-tcm-sSm∏wsN∂p. 126 \ntbm-PI afi-e-ß-fnepw At±lw P\-lr-Z-b-ßsf Iøn-se-Sp-Øv sIm≠v ]kw-Kn-®p. apkvenw eoKns‚ sXc-s™-Sp∏v dmenDZvLm-S\w sNbvXv sIm≠v _m-^JnXßƒ ]d™p:˛

""apkvenw eoKv a’-cn-°p-∂Xv 126 afi-e-ß-fn-em-Wv. AYhmtIc-f-Øns‚ 126 afi-e-ß-fn¬ a’-cn-°p∂ XnI£n kJy-Øns‚ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ apkvenw eoKns‚ ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fm-Wv. B A¿∞wa\- n¬ sh®v sIm≠v kJyI£n ÿm\m¿∞n-Isf hnP-bn-∏n-°m≥apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-I-∑m¿ cwK-Øn-d-ß-Ww.''˛ CXm-bn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßfpsS Blzm-\w.

B Blzm\w tIc-f-Ønse P\-ßƒ sNhn-sIm≠p.XnI£n ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ hnP-bn-®p. hºn® qcn-]£w Ic-ÿ-am°nsIm≠v.

]Xnhv t]mse apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fpsS t]cv _m-^JnXßfmWv ]Jym-]n-®-Xv. 12 ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fpsS t]cv At±lw]Jym-]n-®p. AXn¬ 11 t]cpw hnP-bn-®p. 81 ko‰p-I-fn¬ a’-cn®tIm¨Kkn\v 63 ko‰p-Iƒ e`n-®p. 33 ko‰p-I-fn¬ P\-hn[n tXSnb]Pm tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń Pbn-®Xv 20 ko‰p-I-fn¬. adp-h-iØv IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń 102 ko‰p-Ifn¬ HutZym-KnI Nn”-Øn¬ a’-cn-®p-sh-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

126127

¶nepw Ah¿°v 26 ÿm\-ß-fnte Pbn-°m≥ Ign-™p-≈q. h≥XI¿®-bm-bn-cp∂p IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń°v t\cn-tS≠n h∂-Xv.

hnP-b-io-em-fn-X-cmb tIm¨K-kv- -eo-Kv- -]n.-F-kv.-]n. I£n-IƒC\n sNtø-≠Xv Hcp Kh¨sa‚ v cq]o-I-cn-°pI F∂ I¿Ø-hy-am-Wv. H∂n®p s]mcpXn Pbn® I£n-Iƒ H∂n®v `cn-°p-I. AXv Imhy-\o-Xn. sXc-s™-Sp∏n\v apºp≈ [mc-Wbpw P\-ß-fpsS A`n-em-jhpwAXv Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B A`n-emjw \nd-th-‰m≥ apt∂m´v h∂-t∏m-gmWv \n\®n-cn-°mØ Nne ap≈p-th-en-Iƒ ]Xy-£-s∏-´-Xv. sFIy-I-£n-I-fpsS A\p-kyq-X-amb apt∂-‰-Øns‚ apºn¬ "am¿t§ InS-°p∂a¿°-S-\mbn' iIp\w apS-°n-bXv tIm¨Kkv ssl°-am‚ns‚ HcpXocp-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p.

s^_p-hcn 7˛mw XnøXn \S∂ sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. tbmKw tIc-f-Øn¬ Hcp kwbp‡ a¥n-k`bmWv A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ htc-≠-sX∂vhy‡-am-°n-b-Xm-Wv. "apkvenw eoKns‚ klm-b-tØmSv IqSn amXtatIc-f-Øn¬ Hcp Dd® Kh¨sa‚ v D≠m-°m≥ Ignbq F∂v tIc-f-Ønse sXc-s™-Sp∏v ê-ßƒ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xmbn' tIm¨KkvA\p-Iqe ]X-amb lnµp-ÿm≥ ssSwkv apJ-]-kw-K-sa-gp-Xn. C¥y≥FIvkv]kv ]Xw ]d-™Xv "sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ t\Snb hnPbw \ne-\n¿Ø-W-sa-¶n¬ tIc-f-Ønse sFIy-ap-∂Wn I£n-Iƒ `c-W-Ønepw sFIyw XpS-c-W-sa-∂m-Wv.' tIm¨Kkpw ]Pmtkmjy-enÃv]m¿ńbpw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® hn⁄m-]-\-ßƒ kmcmw-i-Øn¬ henbhyXym-k-sam-∂p-an-√. kmaq-ln-I- -km-º-ØnI ]iv\-ßsf kw_-‘n®vsFIy-ap-∂-Wn-bnse CXc I£n-I-fp-ambn apkvenw eoKn\v ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn bmsXmcp n∂-X-bp-an-√. AXn-\m¬ Cu aq∂v ]m¿ńIƒ°pwIqSn Hcp s]mXp-]-cn-]mSn cq]o-I-cn-°p-hm\pw AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ tIc-f-Øn¬ Hcp-d® Kh¨sa‚ v ÿm]n-°p-hm\pw km[y-am-sW∂v ssSwkv Hm^v C¥y Hcp apJ-]-kw-K-Øn¬ A`n-]m-b-s∏-´p.

tIcf cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ Dut°-dnb Hcp i‡n-bmWv Xß-sf∂v apkvenw eoKv sXfn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v \yqU¬ln-bnsetÃ‰vkv am≥ ]Xw s^_p-hcn A©mw XnøXn Fgp-Xnb apJ-]-kw-K-Øn¬ A`n-]m-b-s∏-´p. apkvenw eoKns‚ ]n¥pW C√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ tIm¨K-kns‚ hf-sc-b-[nIw ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p-t]m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v B ]Xw XpS¿s∂-gp-Xn.

amXr-`qan apJ ]kw-K-Øn¬ Cß-s\-sb-gpXn:˛""tIm¨K-kn-t\mSpw ]Pm tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń-tbmSpw

Bflm¿∞-amb Hcp HØp-Xo¿∏n-eqsS H∂n®p \n∂v IΩyq-Wn-k-Øn-



127

s‚bpw IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n-bp-sSbpw ]nSn-bn¬ \n∂v tIc-fsØbpwAXp-hgn `mc-X-sØbpw kwc-£n®v sIm≠p \S∂ hntam-N\ ka-c-Ønepw AXns‚ hnP-b-I-c-amb ]cy-h-km-\-Ønepw CS-°me sXc-s™-Sp-∏nepw apkvenw-Iƒ hln® al-Ømb ]¶n\p IΩyq-Wn-tÃ-Xc hy‡n-I-fn¬ ]cs° AwKo-Imcw e`n®p ImWp-∂p-≠v. apkvenweoKv Hcp h¿Kob kwL-S-\-bm-sW-∂p≈ ]gb hmZ-KXn Bh¿Øn-°p-∂Xv tIc-f-Ønse henb Hcp hn`mKw P\-ßsf Ah-tl-fn-°-em-Ipw. Bsc¥v ]d-™mepw Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v apkvenw-Iƒ apkvenweoKv Xß-fpsS kapZmb D∂-a-\-Øn\v th≠n \ne sIm≈p∂ I£n-bm-sW∂v lrZ-b-]q¿∆w hniz-kn-°p-∂p.'' (am-Xr-`qan 10˛2˛1960)

Cu ]iw-k-I-sf√mw apkvenw eoKns‚ ta¬ hmcn--sNm-cn-™p-sh-¶nepw a¥n-k`m cq]o-I-c-W-Øn¬ bmYm¿∞y-t_m-[-tØmsSbp≈Hcp Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°m≥ tIm¨Kkv ssl°-am‚n\v AsXm∂pw aXn-

bm-bn-√.

1. Ip™p-sN-dp-°≥ ]n∂oSv IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n-bp-ambn sX‰n-

∏n-cn™p tIm¨K-kn¬ tN¿∂p.

128


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

128

11_en Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ tZhX

H‰-s°m-ºn¬ aq∂v sImSnthm´v Ign-™m¬ XΩn-eSnsXc-s™-Sp∏v ImeØv XnI£n kJy-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn

Db¿∂p tI´ Hcp apZm-hm-Iy-am-Wn-Xv. tIm¨Kkv Dƒs∏-Sp∂ Hcpap∂-Wn-sb-∏‰n Aß-s\-sbmcp Zo¿L-Z¿i\w \S-Øm≥ AX-h-enbcmjvSob ]cn-⁄m-\-sam∂pw Bh-iy-an-√. tIm¨K-kns‚ ]¶m-fn-Ø-ap≈ cmjvSob kJy-ß-sf√mw Iem-]-I-ep-jn-X-amb hgn-]n-cn-b-en-emWv sImń-°-em-in-°m-dv. tIc-f-Øn¬ CS-°me sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\vtijw cq]o-I-cn-°m≥ t]mIp∂ a¥n-k-`-bn¬ apkvenw eoKn\v CSwsImSp°m-\m-hn√ F∂ tIm¨Kkv ssl°-am‚ns‚ \ne-]mSv ]pdØvh∂-t∏mƒ taep-≤-cn® apZm-hmIyw Hcn-°¬IqSn km¿∞-I-am-hp-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p.

apkvenw eoKns\ a¥n-k-`-bn¬ FSp-°n√ F∂v Bcpw shń-Øp-d∂v ]d-™n-ń-√. tIcf tIm¨K-kp-Im¿°v a\- m-£n-°pØvA\p- -h-s∏- n-cn-°-Ww. ]tXy-In®v sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U-≠mb B¿i¶-dn-\v.

XnI£n kJy-Øn¬ apkvenw eoKns\ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥tIm¨Kkv ssl°-am‚ v kΩ-Xn-®Xp Xs∂ i¶-dns‚ [oc-amb\ne-]mSv sIm≠m-Wv. i¶¿ U¬ln-bnse t\Xm-°-tfmSv ]d-™p.""H∂p-In¬ Rßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv kΩ-Xn-°p-I. As√-¶n¬ tIc-f-Øn¬\n∂v tIm¨K-kns‚ t_m¿Upw sImSn-bp-sa-SpØv ChnsS (U¬ln-bn¬) sIm≠p-h∂v kq£n-°pI'' hf-bmØ \s´-√p≈ hoc-t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p i¶¿. tIm¨Kkv ssl°-am‚n\v At±-l-sØ Ah-K-Wn-°m≥ Bhn-√.

sIm√-Øp-Im-c-\mb i¶¿ IÆq¿ \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn-em-Wv a’-cn-®-Xv. apkvenw eoKn\v Pbn-°m-hp-∂Xpw Pbn-®n-´p-≈-Xp-

129



129

amb afi-e-amWv IÆq¿. sIm√w ko‰v kpc-£n-X-a-s√∂v tXm∂nbsI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠n\v kpc-£n-X-amb IÆq¿ ko‰v Hgn™psImSp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p apkvenw eoKv. B¿. i¶-dn-s\-Xn-cmbntIm¨K-kn-\p-≈n¬ Xs∂ Hcp Kq∏v D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U-≠mb kn.sI tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿°pw i¶-dn-\p-an-S-bn¬ kvt\lw F∂ Hcp hm°p-t]m-ep-an-√m-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv sI.-kn. tPm¨ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠v ]ZhnD≈Xv sIm≠v i¶¿ \nb-a-k- -bn-te°v a’-cn-°n√ F∂mWv ]ecpwhnNm-cn-®-Xv. ]s£ At±lw a’-cn-®p. cmjvSo-b-amb A`n-]mbhyXym-k-ap-≈-t∏mƒ Xs∂ i¶-dn\v th≠n _m-^JnXßfpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ Hcp \\pØ tIm¨ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. IÆq-cnse apkvenw eoKp-Im¿ Dcp-ssI-Ifpw \o´n A[:ÿnX P\-hn-`m-K-ß-fpsS ]S-\m-b-I-\mb i¶sd kzoI-cn-®p. Atlm-cmXw A[zm-\n-®v At±-lsØ hnP-bn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xriq-cnse ae-bmfw FIvkv-]kv ]Xws^_p-hcn 13˛mw XnøXn Fgp-Xn-bXv t]mse ""sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠v B¿. i¶¿ Xs∂ Pbn-®n-´p-≈Xv tIm¨K-kp-Im-cpsS thm´vsIm≠v amX-a-√. At±-l-Øns‚ hnP-b-Øns‚ apJy-tlXp IÆq-cnse apkvenw eoKm-Wv.''

apkvenw eoKv F∂v tIƒ°p-tºmƒ ]gb apkvenw eoKn-s\bpwapl-ΩZv Aen Pn∂sbbpw Hm¿Ω hcp-∂p-sh∂pw AXv hSs° C¥y-bn¬ tIm¨K-kn\v henb ]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ krjvSn-°p-sa-∂p-am-bn-cp∂p tIm¨Kkv ssl°-am‚ns‚ Bi-¶.

_m-^JnXßƒ ]d-™p:˛ ""Rm≥ ]e-t∏mgpw hSs° C¥y-bn¬ t]mbn-´p-≠v. AhnsS lnµp-°fpw apkvenw-Ifpw XΩn¬ `n∂n-∏mWv I≠-Xv. IpSn -sh-≈-Øn\v t]mepw AhnsS PmXnbpwaXhpap≠v. sdbn¬th tÃj-\p-I-fn¬ lnµp]m\nbpw apkvenw-]m-\nbpw Rm≥ Aº-c-t∏msS I≠p. tIc-f-Øn-em-sW-¶n¬ lnµp-°fpwapkvenwIfpw tbmPn-t∏msS Ign-bp-∂p. tIm¨Kkpw ]n.-F-kv.-]n.-bp-ambn apkvenw eoKv D≠m-°nb cmjvSob kJyw lnµp-˛-apkvenwsFIyw IqSp-X¬ kpZr-V-am-°n. Aßs\bmsW-¶n¬ CØcw kJy-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ Bh-iy-ap-≈Xv hSs° C¥y-bn-e-t√. Ahn-sS-bm-Wt√m kmap-Zm-bnI kulm¿±-Øns‚ Ipd-hp-≈-Xv. AXn-\m¬ tIc-f-Ønse XnI£n kJyw C¥y apgp-h≥ hym]n-∏n-°-W-sa∂mWvFs‚ A`n-]m-bw.''

_m-^JnXßfpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn\v tIm¨K-kns‚ mKØv\n∂v ]Xn-h-N-\-ß-fp-≠m-bn-√. thW-sa-¶n¬ Ah¿°v IpkrXn


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

130131

tNmZyw tNmZn-°m-am-bn-cp-∂p. "Xßtf! Rßƒ°v sXc-s™-Sp∏vkJy-ap-≠m-°m≥ hSs° C¥y-bn¬ Fhn-sS-bmWv apkvenw eoKp-≈Xv?' F∂-tNmZyw. `mKy-h-im¬ Ah-cXv tNmZn-®n-√. a¥n-k-`-bn¬\n∂v eoKns\ am‰n \n¿Øm≥ t]mIp∂p F∂ Inwh-Z-¥n-Iƒ ]c-∂-tXmsS AWn-Iƒ tcmjm-Ip-e-cm-bn. ]s£ _m-^JnXßƒ Ahsckm¥z-\-s∏-Sp-Øn. At±-l-Øns‚ ka-tbm-Nn-X-amb CS-s]-S¬ Hcphnkvt^m-S\w Hgn-hm-°n. ""CsX√mw cmjvSob ]h¿Ø-\-Ønse]co-£-W-ß-fm-sW∂pw P\m-[n-]Xy kwc-£-W-Øn\v th≠n CXn-s\-°mƒ henb XymK-ßƒ kln-t°≠n ht∂-°p-sa∂pw'' _m-^JnXßƒ Xs‚ ]m¿ń ]h¿Ø-I-∑msc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn.XXvImew _m-^JnXßfpsS apºn¬ \n∂v ]ncn™v t]msb-¶nepwAh-cpsS D≈n-s‚-bp-≈n¬ kv^pcn-°p∂ Hcp hnIm-c-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-˛-\o-c-kw.

apkvenw eoKpw ]Pm tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń-bp-ambn a¥nk`mcq]o-I-cW Imcyw N¿® sNøm≥ tIm¨Kkv ]m¿e-sa‚dn t_m¿Uvbp.-F≥. t[_-dns\ A[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øn. anI® \b-X-¥-⁄\pw `c-W-\n-]p-W-\p-am-bn-cp∂p t[_¿-˛-]-≠sØ kucmjvS kwÿm-\-Ønse apJy-a¥n F∂ \ne°pw C¥y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨K-kns‚]kn-U≠v F∂ \ne°pw ]b-‰n-sØ-fn™ t\Xm-hv. Xs‚ Bh-\mgn apgp-h≥ AkvX-ß-fp-ambn t[_¿ F.-sF.-kn.-kn. P\-d¬ skI-´dn kmZn-J-en-sbbpw Iqń s^_p-hcn 6˛mw XnøXn Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv hnam-\-an-d-ßn. AXn\p apºv Xs∂ At±lw Xm\p-ambn t\cn´vN¿®-Iƒ \S-Øm≥ apkvenw eoKv t\Xm-°ƒ°v IØ-b-®n-cp-∂p.s^_p-hcn 6˛mw XnøXn apkvenw eoKv ]h¿ØI kan-Xn-bpsSbpw\nb-a-k`m ]m¿ń-bp-sSbpw kwbp‡ tbmKw _m- JnXßƒ hnfn®pIqń. \nb-a-k` I£n t\Xm-°sf sXc-s™-Sp-°m-\m-bn-cp∂p ][m\AP≠. _m-^JnXßƒ B[y£w hln-®p. ]m¿ń eoU¿ kwÿm-\-tØ°v sI.-Fw. koXn kmln_v sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´p. kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbsb sU]yqń eoU-dmbpw Fw.-]n.-Fw. Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°sfskI-´-dn-bmbpw sI. sambvXo≥ Ipń F∂ _mh lmPnsb No^vhn∏mbpw sXc-s™-Sp-Øp. AXn-\p-tijw tIm¨Kkv t\Xmhv bp.-F≥. t[_¿ apkvenw eoKns\ N¿®-Iƒ°mbn £Wn-®p sIm≠vAb® IØv _m-^JnXßƒ tbmK-Øn\p apºmbn ka¿∏n-®p. aXn-bmb Btem-N-\-Iƒ°v tijw tIm¨K-kp-am-bp-≈ N¿®-Iƒ°v _m-^JnXßƒ, koXn kmln-_v, kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb, _n.-hn. A_vZp-√-t°mb F∂n-hsc tbmKw \ntbm-Kn-®p.



131

_m-^JnXßƒ A∂p cmXn Xs∂ Fd-Wm-Ip-f-tØ°v ]pd-s∏-´p. Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv inh-cma tat\m≥ tdmUn-ep≈ sI.-Fw. koXnkmln-_ns‚ hk-Xn-bn¬ sh®m-bn-cp∂p N¿®. aq∂v sIm√w apºvapkvenw eoKp-ambn \S-°msX t]mb kJysØ ]‰n kw`m-jWw\S-Øm≥ Fkv.-sI. ]mó¬ Ib-dn-h∂ AtX hoSv.

sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠v B¿. i¶¿ ImeØv Fć aWn°vXs∂ koXn kmln-_ns‚ hoń-se-Øn. At±lw Zo¿L-ambn kwkm-cn-®p. Bim-h-l-am-b-sXm∂pw kw`-hn-®n√. i¶¿ \n -lm-b-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ssl°-am‚ v \n¿t±-i-ß-fpsS hrØ-]-cn[n ewLn-°m≥ At±-l-Øn\v hø. apkvenw eoKn\v hgn-hn´ Fs¥-¶nepw Hm^¿ At±lw\¬In-bm¬ B¿. i¶¿ apJy-a-¥n-bm-hm≥ th≠n apkvenw eoKns\]oWn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂v tIm¨K-knse At±-l-Øns‚ FXn¿ Kq∏p-Im¿ ]d-bm≥ XpS-ßpw. _m-^JnXßƒ˛i-¶¿ N¿® Hcp êhpw][m\w sNbvXn-√.

a∂Øv ]fl-\m- -t‚-Xm-bn-cp∂p ASpØ Dugw. ""sFIy-I-£n-I-fpsS Iq´p-sI´v XpS-c-W-sa∂pw apkvenw eoKv a¥n-k-`-bn¬ thW-sa∂pw sFIy-I-£n-Iƒ H∂n®p t]mIm≥ X∂m-em-hp-∂Xv sNøp-sa∂pw'' Xte Znhkw s]cp-∂-bnse Xs‚ hk-Xn-bn¬ \S-Ønb ]X-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ a∂w ]d-™n-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ CS-s]-S-ep-IfpwAS-™p-In-S∂ Ihm-S-ßƒ Xpd-°m≥ Imc-W-am-bn-√.

]n∂o-SmWv t[_dpw kwLhpw FØn-b-Xv. ""Xosc kuIcywIpd™ B sIm®p hoń¬ AXn-Yn-Iƒ°v Ccn-°m≥ ]‰nb \√ Itk-c-I-ƒ t]mepw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. CX-dn-bm-hp∂ Nne apkvenw eoKv]h¿Ø-I-∑m¿ cmhnse Xs∂ koXn kmln_v Adn-bmsX Ipd®vItk-c-Iƒ Fhn-sS-\nt∂m kwL-Sn-∏n®v B ho´p-ap-‰Øv \nc-Øn-b-Xmbn Xe-t»-cn-bnse ]g-b-Ime eoKv t\Xmhpw A∂v Fd-W-m-Ip-fØv Sm‰ Iº-\n-bpsS amt\-Pdpw Bb Sm‰m aq ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. koXn kmln_v lrZy-amb ]p©n-cn-tbmsS t[_sd kzoI-cn-®p.

t[_dpw kwLhpw H∂c aWn-°q¿ t\cw _m- JnXßfpsSt\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ eoKv kwL-hp-ambn kw`m-j-W-Øn-te¿s∏- p. N¿®-bpsS hniZmwißƒ Ccp-I-£n-I-fpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-√. GXm-bmepwtIm¨Kkv A\p-`-hn-°p∂ _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ apkvenw eoKv a\- n-em-°-W-sa∂pw AXn-\m¬ apkvenw eoKv a¥n-k-`-bn¬ AwKXzw tNmZn-°-cp-sX-∂p-am-bn-cn°mw t[_¿ ]d-™n-cp-∂-Xv. Npcp-°-Øn¬ BN¿®bpw \njv^-ew.

A∂p Xs∂ ]n.-F-kv.-]n. sNb¿am≥ ]´w XmWp-]n≈ t[_-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

132133

dp-ambn N¿® \S-Øn-sb-¶nepw ê-]-Z-amb Hcp ]cn-lm-c-am¿§hpwDcp-Øn-cp™p h∂n-√. _m-^JnXßfpw kwLhpw tImgn-t°m-t´°vaS-ßn. ]´w Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-tØ°pw Xncn®p t]mbn. ]nt‰ Znhkw\S-°p∂ sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. FIvkn-Iyq-óhn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ t[_dpwXncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-tØ°v Xncn-®p.

tIc-f-Øn¬ GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ Hcp kwbp‡Kh¨sa‚ v D≠m-I-W-sa∂v Xs∂-bmWv sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. FIvkn-Iyq-ó-hnse qcn-]£w AwK-ß-fp-sSbpw A`n-]m-b-sa∂pw ]s£ FIvkn-Iyq-óhv Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb Xocp-am-\-ß-sfm∂pw FSp-°msX ]iv\wtIm¨Kkv tbmK-Øn\v tijw Adn-bn-®n-cp-∂p.

A∂v cmXn 7 aWn°v tImgn-t°mSv Ip‰n-®n-d-bn¬ \S∂ hºn®apkvenw eoKv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ XnI£n kJyw A`w-Kpcw XpS-c-W-sa-∂m-Wv _m-^JnXßƒ ]d-™-Xv. Fd-Wm-Ipfw N¿®-Iƒ e-]-Z-am-Im-Ø-Xns‚ taml-`w-K-sam∂pw At±lw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-√. ""IΩyq-Wn-ksØ ]msS \in-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v Cu \mńse F√m kap-Zm-b-°mcpwtbmPn®v sIm≠v \S-Ønb ]cn-i-a-Øns‚ hnP-b-amWv Cu sXc-s™-Sp∏v ImWn-°p-∂-sX∂v'' At±lw Xs‚ ]kw-K-Øn¬ ka¿∞n-®p.

Cu kµ¿`-Øn-se√mw tIc-f-Øn-\-IØpw ]pd-Øp-ap≈][m\ hy‡n-Ifpw ]X-ßfpw XnI£n a¥n-k-`-bn¬ apkvenweoKns\ Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂v tIm¨K-kn-t\mSv i‡n-]q¿∆w Bh-iy-s∏´v sIm≠n-cp-∂p. "kzImcy kvIqfp-Iƒ \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆wKh¨sa‚ v A[o-\-Øn-em-°m-\p≈ kwcw- -amWv IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cpsSI\Ø ]cm-P-b-Øn\v ImW-am-bsX∂v' tIc-f-Ønse CS-°me sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns\ ]cm-a¿in®p sIm≠v kntem¨ ][m-\-a¥n Zfim-\m-bsI ]d-™p. tIcf sXc-s™-Sp∏v km¿∆-tZ-iob Xe-Øn¬ Df-hm-°nb XmXv]-cy-Øn\v DZm-l-c-W-amWv B ]Xn-I-c-Ww.

kn¶-∏q-cnse sÃbn‰v ssSwkv ]Xw FgpXn:˛""tIc-f-Ønse kJy-I-£n-Iƒ bp≤-Øns‚ ]IpXn amXta

Pbn®p Ign-™n-´p-≈q. tIc-f-Øns‚ `mhn ]kvXpX I£n-I-f-psS`cWw \S-Øp-hm-\p≈ Ign-hn-s\-bmWv Bi-bn®p Ign-bp-∂--Xv. tIc-f-Ønse P\m-[n-]Xy Kh¨sa‚ v ho≠pw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv BZy-tØ-Xn-t\-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ B]-XvI-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.ImcWw c≠m-a-sXm-cn-°¬ IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Isf ]pd-Øm-°¬ AXFfp-∏-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.''

F∂m¬ tIc-f-Øns‚ shfn-bn¬ \n∂p≈ CØcw DZvt_m-[-\-ß-sfm∂pw U¬ln-bnse tIm¨Kkv t\XrXzw IW-°n-se-Sp-



133

Øn-√.""tIc-f-Ønse sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń°v t\cn´

]cm-Pbw Kpcp-X-chpw I\-Ø-Xp-am-sW∂v'' ]m¿ń tÃ‰v FIvkn-Iyq-óhv s^_p-hcn 9˛mw XnøXn Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv tN¿∂ tbmK-Øn¬kΩ-Xn-®p. tIµw C.-Fw.-F-kv. Kh¨sa‚ns\ ]ncn®p hn´-Xns\Ipdn®v "AsXmcp A\n-hm-cy-amb ]ncn-®p-hn-S-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v' IΩyq-WnÃv _p≤n-Po-hn-bmb ]h-\≥ Bfl-I-Y-bn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v.

IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv sh®v Xß-fpsS "I\Ø']cm-P-b-Øn-\n-S-bm°nb ]gp-Xp-Iƒ Fs¥m-s°-sb∂v ]cXn t\m°p-tºmƒ U¬ln-bn¬, ]pXp-Xmbn cq]o-I-cn-t°≠ tIcf a¥n-k- -bpsSLS-\sb Ipdn®v tIm¨Kkv ]m¿e-sa‚dn t_m¿Uv c≠c aWn-°q¿\o≠p-\n∂ N¿®-I-fn¬ apgp-Ip-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠vB¿. i¶dpw B N¿®-I-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øp.

F∂m¬ Hcp ]cn-X-ÿn-Xn-bnepw apkvenw eoKns\ Hgn-hm°nsIm≠p≈ Hcp a¥n-k`bn¬ Xßƒ ]s¶-Sp-°p-I-bn-s√∂v ]n.-F-kv.-]n. t\Xm-°ƒ tIm¨K-kns\ Adn-bn-®p.

""apkvenw-eo-Kns‚ klm-b-tØmSp IqSn amXta tIm¨K-kn\vDd® a¥n-k` D≠m-°m≥ Ignbq'' F∂v tIm¨Kkv A\p-Iqe ]X-amb lnµp-ÿm≥ ssSwkv A`n-]m-b-s∏-´p. tIm¨K-kp-ambn tIc-f-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-Iƒ \S-Øm≥ ]n.-F-kv.-]n. \mj-W¬FIvkn-Iyq- ohv A©v t\Xm-°-f-S-ßp∂ kan-Xnsb \nb-an-®p. AtimIvtaØ, F≥.-Pn. tKmsd, KwKm-[-c≥ kn≥l, tUm. sI.-_n. tat\m≥,]´w XmWp-]n≈ F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p B A©v t]¿. s^_p-hcn 11˛mwXnøXn amXr-`qan ]Xw FgpXn:˛

""tIm¨K-kn-t\mSpw ]n.-F-kv.-]n-tbmSpw Hcp HØp-Xo¿∏n-eqsSH∂n®p \n∂v IΩyq-Wn-k-Øn-s‚bpw IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bp-sSbpw]nSn-bn¬ \n∂v tIc-f-sØbpw AXp-hgn `mc-X-sØbpw kwc-£n®psIm≠v \S∂ hntam-N\ ka-c-Ønepw AXns‚ hnP-b-I-c-amb ]cy-h-km-\sØ XpS¿∂p-≠mb CS-°me sXc™Sp∏nepw apkvenw eoKvhln® ]¶v IΩyq-Wn-tÃ-Xc hrØ-ß-fn¬ ]cs° AwKo-Imcwe`n®p ImWp-∂p...... apkvenw eoKv Hcp h¿Kob kwL-S-\-bm-sW∂]gb hmZ-KXn Bh¿Øn-°p-∂Xv tIc-f-Ønse henb Hcp hn`mKwP\-ßsf Ah-tl-fn-°-emhpw''

amXr-`qan ]d™ kXyhpw tIm¨Kkv t\Xr-Xz-Øn\v a\- n-em-bn-√. U¬ln-bn¬ ]n.-F-kv.-]n. sNb¿am≥ AtimIv taØtIm¨Kkv ]kn-U≠v \oew kRvPoh sdUvVn-bp-ambn N¿® \S-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

134135

Øn. tIc-f-Øn¬ apkvenw eoKns\ IqSmsX a¥n-k` D≠m-°n-bm¬hcm-hp∂ _p≤n-ap- p-Iƒ AtimIv taØ tIm¨Kkv ]kn-U-≠ns\t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn. taØ ]d-™Xv sdUvVn°v a\- n-emtbm?

s^_p-hcn 12˛mw XnøXn kRvPoh sdUvVn \mkn-In¬sh®v ]X-°m-tcmSv ]d-™Xv ""tIm¨Kkpw apkvenw-eoKpw XΩn¬tIc-f-Øn¬ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ kJyw amX-sa-bp≈q F∂pw AXn¬IqSp-X¬ H∂p-an√ F∂p-am-Wv. At∏mƒ AtimIv taØ ]d-™XvtIm¨Kkv ]kn-U≠n\v a\- n-em-bn√ F∂¿∞w. AXp-hsctIm¨K-kp-Im¿ ]d-™-Xn¬ \n∂p≈ hy‡-amb hgn-am-d-em-WvkRvPoh sdUvVn-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ.

FIvkv]kv ]Xw ho≠pw FgpXn:˛""Iq´p a¥n-k-`-sb-∂m¬ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ H∂n®p a’-cn®

F√m I£n-I-fpw IqSn-t®¿∂ a¥n-k` F∂m-bn-cn-°-Ww. Hcp I£n-sbtbm c≠p I£n-sbtbm am‰n \n¿Øm≥ ]mSn-√. AXn\v B¿°pwAh-Im-i-hp-an-√. F√m-hcpw IqSn \n∂-Xn-\m-Wv P\-ßƒ thm´p sNbvX-Xv... eoKns\ a¥n-k-`-bn-se-Sp-°p-∂Xv sX‰m-sW∂v I≠p-]n-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ]pdØv AXn\v ]Xym-Lm-X-ß-fp-≠mhpw t]mepw. Cu]pdsØ ]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ AIsØ ]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ°v t\sc IÆ-S-°p-∂-XmWv hnNn-Xw. eoKns‚ thm´p hmßmw. ]Ww hmßmw. F√m-am-Imw. eoKv sImSn°v Iogn¬ t[_-dn\v ]kw-Kn-°mw. F∂mepweoKns\ a¥n-k- -bn¬ Ib-‰n-°q-Sm. ]gb ImesØ \ºq-Xn-cn-am-cpsS"iqZ kvXo kw_‘ \ymbw' F∂-√m-sX¥v ]d-b-s´.'' (13˛02˛60)

tIcf IuapZn FgpXn:˛""apkvenw eoKv F¥v Xocp-am-\-Øn\pw C∂v hg-ßn-s°m-Sp-

sØ∂v hcpw. ZpjvS InSs° hc-ńb hWw t]mse B hg-ß¬Ah-km-\n®v C∂-s√-¶nepw \msf Ipg∏w A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-cn°p-w.''s^_p-hcn 14˛mw Xn-øXn "a¥n-k`' F∂ io¿j-I-Øn¬ amXr-`qanFgp-Xnb apJ-]-kw-K-Øn¬ ho≠pw apkvenw eoKns\ a¥n-k-`-bn¬FSp-°-W-sa∂v Bh-iy-s∏- p. CXn-\n-S-bn¬ tIc-f-Ønse tIm¨Kkv\nb-a-k`m I£n-bpsS eoU-dmbn B¿. i¶¿ sFI-I-WvtTy\ sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. At±-l-Øns‚ Poh-N-cn-X-Ønse hnh-c-W-a-\p-k-cn®v ""At±-lsØ tIm¨Kkv ]m¿ń-bpsS \nb-a-k`m I£n t\Xm-hmbn sFI-I-WvtTy\ sXc-s™-Sp-Øp. F∂m¬ At∏mƒ Xs∂Nne A]-i-_vZ-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sm-Xn-cp-∂n-√. i¶-dns‚ Cu sXc-s™-Sp∏v At±lw apJy-a-¥n-bm-Im-Xn-cn -°p-t∂-S-tØmfw amXtatIm¨Kkv ]m¿ń-bnse \mb¿ InkvXy≥ Kq∏p-Iƒ°v kzoIm-cy-



135

am-bn-cp-∂n- p-≈q. AXn-s\-]‰n lnµp ]X-sa-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv t\m°p-I˛ ""apJy-a¥n Bhp-I-bn√ F∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv i¶sd ]m¿´n t\Xm-hmbn sXc-s™-Sp-ØXv Fs∂mcpkwkmcw A∂v ]N-cn-®n-cp∂p. tIm¨Kkv ]m¿´n-bnse H´p ap°mepwAwK-ßƒ°v ]n.-F-kv.-]n. t\Xmhv ]´w XmWp-]n-≈-bm-bn-cn°pw apJy-a¥n F∂ [mc-W-bmWv D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.''

F∂m¬ a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cn-°m≥ Kh¿W¿ Xs∂ £Wn-®n-´p-s≠∂pw ]s£ Xm≥ U¬ln-bn¬ t]mbn aS-ßn-sb-Øn-bm¬]iv\w N¿® sNøm-sa∂v Kh¿Wsd Adn-bn-®p-sh∂pw i¶¿ ]kvXm-hn-®p. N¿®-Iƒ ho≠pw U¬ln-bn¬.

apkvenw eoKv \nb-a-k`m I£n D]-t\-Xmhv kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb s^_p-hcn 15˛mw XnøXn U¬ln-bn-se-Øn. At±lw ]n.-F-kv.-]n. t\Xm-°-sfbpw tIm¨Kkv t\Xm-°-sfbpw ]e-h´w I≠vkwkm-cn-®p. apkvenw eoKns‚ bp‡n-`-Zamb \ne-]mSv Ahsc [cn-∏n-®p. B Znhkw U¬ln-bn¬ tbmKw tN¿∂p sIm≠n-cp∂ ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bpsS \mj-W¬ Iu¨kn-en-te°v kn.-F-®ns\ £Wn-°p-IbpwAt±lw AXn¬ ]s¶-SpØv ]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXns‚ e-ambn tIc-f-Øn¬ apkvenw eoKn-√mØ a¥n-k- -bn¬ ]n.-F-kv.-]n. ]s¶-Sp-t°-≠-Xn-s√∂v ]n.-F-kv.-]n. \mj-W¬ Iu¨kn¬ Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambnXocp-am-\n-®p. tIc-f-Øns‚ C∂sØ Bhiyw Hcp Iq´p-a-¥n-k-`-bm-sW-¶n¬ B a¥n-k-`-bn¬ tIm¨Kkpw apkvenw eoKpw ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw apkvenw eoKns\ Hgn®v \n¿Øn-s°m-≠p≈ Kh¨sa‚n¬ tNcm≥ km[y-a-s√-∂p-ap≈ ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bpsSGI IWvT-amb Xocp-am\w A∂p Xs∂ tIm¨Kkv ssl°-am‚ns\Adn-bn-®p.

AtX Znhkw Xs∂ a¥n-k-`-bn¬ eoKv D≠m-h-Wsa∂vBh-iy-s∏´v sIm≠v a∂Øv ]fl-\m-`≥ tIm¨Kkv ssl°-am‚n\vIºn ASn-®p.

]s£ U¬ln N¿®-Iƒ Ah-km-\n-®-Xmbn Adn-bn®p sIm≠vtIm¨Kkv ]kn-U≠v kRvPo-h-sdUvVn ]SnbS-®p. At±lw ]pXn-b-sX∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏´v A©v \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ D∂-bn®p sIm≠v ]n.-F-kv.-]n. sNb¿am\v IØ-b-®p. B \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ Ch-bmWv:-˛

1. tIm¨Kkpw ]n.-F-kv.-]nbpw tN¿∂v Hcp Iq´p-I£n a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cn-°p-I.

2. ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp Xe-ap-Xn¿∂ Bsf apJy-a-¥n-bm-°p-I.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

136137

3. apkvenw eoKp-ambn Hcp Iq´p-a-¥n-k`bn¬ tNcp-∂-Xn\vtIm¨Kkv FXn-cm-Wv.

4. Hcp apkvenw eoKp-Im-c\v kv]o°¿ ]Zhn \¬Imw.5. tIm¨K-kp-ambn Hcp Iq´p-a-¥n-k-`-bn¬ tNcm≥ ]n.-F-

kv.-]n°v kΩ-X-an-√mØ ]£w ]n.-F-kv.-]nbpw eoKpw tN¿t∂m ]n.-F-kv.]n H‰t°m Hcp Iq´p a¥n-k` D≠m-°p-I-bm-W-¶n¬ tIm¨KkvAXn\v ]n¥pW \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

tIm¨K-kns‚ _p≤n-ap-´p-Ifpw ]bm-k-ßfpw apgp-h≥ B\n¿tZ-i-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-^-en-°p-∂p-sh∂v ImWmw. tIc-f-Øn¬ \n∂vsNep-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ apkvenw eoKn\v A\p-Iq-e-amb kΩ¿±-ßfpwcmjvSob kZm-Nm-chpw Hcp hi-Øv. DØ-tc-¥y-bn¬ D≠m-tb-°m-hp∂]Xym-Lm-X-ßsf sNm√n-bp≈ `b-∏mSv adp-h-i-Øv. CXn-\n-S-bn¬InS∂v sIm®p tIc-f-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ ho¿∏p-ap-´p-I-bm-bn-cp∂ptIm¨K-kns‚ tIµ t\Xr-Xzw. H‰°v cn-°m-\p≈ qcn-]£w D≠m-bn´pw a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cn-°msX \yq\-]£ I£n-bmb ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bnse Hcmƒ apJy-a-¥n-bm-ht´ F∂v ]d-tb≠n h∂Xv tIm¨K-kns‚ ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-amb Bfl-kw-L¿j-tØ-bmWv hnfn-t®m-Xn-b-Xv.

tIm¨Kkv ]kn-U≠v apt∂m v sh® \n¿tZ-i-ß-fn¬ ]pXp-a-bn-s√∂pw Ah A]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sW∂pw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®p-sIm≠v]n.-F-kv.-]n. t\Xr-tbmKw B \n¿tZ-i-ßsf X≈n-°-f-™p.

N¿®-Iƒ ]ns∂bpw XpS¿∂p. U¬ln-bne√; tIc-f-Øn¬.tIm¨Kkv t\Xm-°-fmb ]n.-Sn. Nmt°m, F.-Fw. tXma-kv, If-Øn¬them-bp-[≥ \mb¿ F∂n-hcpw sI.-Fw. sNdn-bm≥, Ipº-fØv i¶p-]n-≈, a∂-Øns‚ ]Xn-\n-[n-bmb a°-∏pg hmkp-tZ-h≥ \mb¿ apX-em-b-hcpw Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv sh®v s^_p-hcn 19-˛mw XnøXn cmhnseapX¬ _m-^JnXßfpambn N¿® XpS-ßn. As∂mcp sh≈n-bm-gvN-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ppap-A°v ka-b-am-b-t∏mƒ N¿® \n¿Øn-sh-®p. apkvenwt\Xm-°ƒ ]pt√-∏Sn Ppam akvPn-Zn¬ t]mbn PpapA \a-kvI-cn-®p.

Ppap-A°v tijw N¿®-Iƒ XpS¿∂p. amc-tØm¨ N¿®-Iƒ.kvXw-`-\m-hÿ ]cn-l-cn-°m≥ Fs¥-¶n-ep-samcp hgn I≠p

]nSnt® aXn-bm-Iq. Bsc-¶n-ep-sam-cmƒ XymK-Øn\v Xøm-dm-hmsXtIcfw c£-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. _en Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ tZh-X-bm-bn-cp∂ptIm¨K-kv. tIcfw Hcp s]m´n-sØ-dn-bpsS ap\-ºn¬. At∏m-tg°pwsXc-s™-Sp∏v Ign™v BgvN-Iƒ aq∂v XnI-™n-cp-∂p. AXym-th-i-I-c-amb Hcp sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ A`q-X-]q¿∆-amb hnPbw sImbvsX-Sp-Øn´pw A\m-bm-tk\ Hcp a¥n-k` D≠m-°m-\m-hmsX Nm©m-Sn-s°m-



137

≠n-cn-°p∂ XnI-£n-k-Jy-Øns‚ sIm´n-tLm-jn-°-s∏´ aln-a°vaß-te¬°m≥ XpS-ßn.-P-\-ß-fpsS £a CXm sI´p sIm≠n-cp-∂p.

20˛mw XnøXn a∂Øv ]fl-\m- ≥ _m- JnXßsf I≠p. _m-^JnXßfpw koXn kmln_pw apkvenw eoKns‚ G‰hpw HSp-hn-esØ \ne-]mSv a∂sØ tIƒ∏n-®p. A∂p Xs∂ ]n.-F-kv.]nt\Xmhv AtiIv taØ sUdm-Uq-Wn¬ ]X-°m-tcmSv ]d™p:˛

""tIc-f-Ønse a¥n-k-`-bn¬ \n∂v apkvenw eoKns\ Hgn®p\n¿Øp-∂Xv C¥y-sbm-´p°pw NoØ ]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ D≠m°mw''

s^_p-hcn 21˛mw XnøXn \n¿Wm-b-I-amb Znh-k-am-bn-cp-∂p.A∂mWv apkvenw eoKv \nb-a-k` I£n-bpsS tbmKw. A[y-£≥_m- JnXßƒ. apkvenw eoKns‚ c-W-]-¶m-fnØw F∂-Xn-s\-°mƒFXtbm ][m\w tIc-f-Øn¬ Hcp P\m-[n-]Xy `c-W-IqSw D≠m-h-em-sW∂pw AXn-\p-th≠n Hcn-°¬ IqSn XymK-Øn-s\m-cp-ßm≥ Xøm-dm-h-W-sa∂pw _m-^JnXßƒ eoKv Fw.-F¬.-F-amsc D]-tZ-in-®p.At±lw At\Iw ap\-I-fp≈ Hcp hnjbw Ah¿°v N¿®-°mbn hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ Ah¿ Hcp Xocp-am-\-Øn-se-Øn-t®¿∂p. tIcfw apgp-h≥ ImtXm¿°p∂ Xocp-am-\w. AXv ]Jym-]n-°m≥ tbmKw _m-^JnXßsf `c-ta¬∏n-®p. AXm-bn-cp∂p apkvenweoKns‚ ]Xn-hv. "hn[n ]d-bm≥ Hcp Um\n-tb¬ hcp∂p'˛ _m-^JnXßsf I≠-t∏mƒ Aß-s\-bmWv tXm∂n-b-Xv. At±lw D®- m-jn-Wn-bpsS apºn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-´p. F√m IÆp-Ifpw At±-lsØD‰p-t\m-°n. vfm-jp-Iƒ an∂n-a-d-™p. hnImcw Xfw sI´n \n∂ hn\m-gn-I-Iƒ. ka-kvX-t£m-`-ßfpw D≈n-sem-Xp-°n, ]iw-k-\o-b-amb k-aNn-ØX ]men®v _m-^JnXßƒ sas√ kwkm-cn-°m≥ XpS-ßn.At±lw apkvenw eoKns‚ ]tabw hmbn®p:˛

"tIcf a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cWw kw_-‘n-®p-≠mb kvXw`\wHgn-hm-t°-≠Xv \mSns‚ Z-X°pw P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ \ne-\n¬∏n\pwAXym-h-iy-ambn Xo¿∂n-cn-°-bm¬ apkvenw eoKn-√mØ a¥n-k- -bn¬Xßƒ tNcp-I-bn√ F∂ ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bpsS Dd® \ne-]m-Sn¬ AhscA`n-\-µn-°p-Ibpw tIm¨K-kp-ambn tN¿∂p-sIm≠v Hcp Iq´p-a-¥n-k` co]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]n.-F-kv.-]n°v apkvenw eoKv A\p-hmZw\¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.' CXmWv ]ta-bw. "B Kh¨sa‚n\v apkvenweoKv Ie-h-d-bn-√mØ ]n¥pW \¬Ip-sa∂pw' _m-^JnXßƒ]Jym-]n-®p.

AtXmsS Im¿ta-L-ßƒ Hgn-™p-t]m-bn. ]iv\ ]cn-lm-c-Øn-\p≈ hgn sXfn-™p.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

138139

kJy-Øn¬ XpS-cp-∂-Xns‚ kqN-\-bmbn apkvenw eoKvkv]o°¿ ÿm\w kzoI-cn-°ptam F∂v _m-^JnXßtfmSv tNmZn-®p. apkvenw eoKns‚ kwÿm\ IΩn‰n ASpØv Xs∂ tNcp-∂p-≠v.B Imcyw A∂v Xocp-am-\n°pw F∂m-bn-cp-∂p At±-lØns‚ adp-]-Sn. Hcp kkvs]≥kv _m°n-bm°n \n¬°s´ F∂v _m-^JnXßƒhnNm-cn-®n-cn-°-Ww.

apkvenw eoKns‚ Xocp-am\w A∂p Xs∂ bp.-F≥. t[_-sdbpw ]´w XmWp-]n-≈-sbbpw _m-^JnXßƒ t\cn¬ I≠v Adn-bn-®p. Ah¿°v hfsc kt¥m-j-am-sb∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. "hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ a¥n-k- -°p≈ F√m _lp-a-Xnbpw apkvenw eoKn\m'sW∂vt[_¿ ]d-™p.

AXn\p tijw _m-^JnXßƒ cmPv`-h-\n-te-°mWv t]mb-Xv. sI.-Fw. koXn kmln-_v, kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb F∂n-h-tcm-sSm∏w At±lw Kh¿Wsd I≠p. apkvenw eoKns‚ Xocp-am\w Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn Kh¿Wsd Adn-bn-®p. Kh¿W¿ hfsc k¥p-jvS-\m-bn.Cu Akw-_‘ \mS-I-Øn¬ G‰hpw _p≤n-ap- nb IYm-]m-X-am-Wt√mKh¿W¿. sXc-s™-Sp∏v Ign™ DSs\ a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cn-°m-\p≈`c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-amb Npa-Xe \n¿∆-ln-°m-\m-hmsX Cu Znh-k-ß-f-sXbpw Akz-ÿ-\mbn Ign-bp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Kh¿W¿ cma-Ir-jvW-dm-hp. sslZ-cm-_m-Zn¬ t\csØ apJy-a-¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ At±-l-Øn\vtIm¨Kkv cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ ASn-sbm-gp-°p-Iƒ Ad-n-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.At±lw _m-^JnXßƒ°v sXmgp-I-tømsS \µn ]d-™p. JmZn-cnøXzco-J-Øns‚ ssiJpw C÷z-e-hm-Kvan-bp-amb ssiJv \qcnj NnjvXnh¬ JmZn-cn, Kh¿W¿ cma-Ir-jvW-dm-hp-hns‚ kplr-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. ]´n-°mSv PmanA \qcnø Ad-_nIv tImtf-Pns‚ ÿm]-I-\mWv ssiJv\qcn -j. ]kvXpX tImtf-Pns‚ in¬]n -I -fn -sem -cmƒ _m-^JnXßfmbn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ \qcn-jbpw _m-^JnXßfpw XΩn¬kulr-Z-Øn-em-bn. ssiJv \qcnj tIc-f-Øn¬ h∂-t∏mƒ Kh¿W¿cma-Ir-jvW-dmhpw cmPv`-h-\n¬ sh®v Hcp kXvImcw G¿s∏-Sp-Øn.cmjvS-ao-amw-k-bn-se∂ t]mse Iem-km-lnXy hnj-b-ß-fnepw]mhoWyw D≠m-bn-cp∂p cma-IrjvW dmhp-hn-\v. _lp-`mjm ]fin-X-\p-am-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. cmPv -h-\n¬ At±lw \qcnj Xßsf kXvI-cn-®-t∏mƒ AXn¬ _m- JnXßfpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B Ah-k-c-Øn¬_m-^JnXßsf ssiJv \qcnj BZ-c-]q¿∆w Kh¿W¿°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.

Kh¿W¿ \¬Inb Nmbbpw _nkv-I‰pw Ign®v eoKv t\Xm-



139

°ƒ cmPv`-h-\n¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øn-d-ßn. A∂v "Bcw-`tam Ah-km-\tam' F∂ io¿j-I-Øn¬ C¥y≥ FIvkv]kv ]Xw Cß-s\-sb-gpXn:˛

""tIc-f-Ønse tIm¨K-kv- -]n.-F-kv.-]n. a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cWwkm[y-am-bn-´p-≈-Xv ][m-\-ambpw apkvenw eoKns‚ hnime a\-kvI-Xbpw £abpw sIm≠mWv. B kwL-S\ amdn \n∂-Xn-t\-°mƒkap-Nn-X-ambn AXn\v as‰m-∂n-√. tIm¨K-kns‚ \ne-]mSv \oXn°v\nc-°p-∂-Xm-bn√''

a¥n-k-`-bn¬ ]th-i\w In´n-bn-s√-¶nepw C¥y-bnse F√m]apJ ]X-ßfpw Nn¥m-io-e-cmb t\Xm-°fpw apkvenw eoKns\]pIgvØn ]d-™p. teJ-\-ßfpw apJ-]-kw-K-ß-fp-sa-gp-Xn. P\ kwL-Øns‚ apJ-]-Xamb "Hm¿K-ss\-k¿' t]mepw apkvenw eoKns\ ]iw-kn-®p.

1960 s^_p-hcn 22˛mw XnøXn ]´w XmWp-]n≈ apJy-a-¥n-bmbn kXy-]-Xn⁄ sNbvXp. B¿. i¶¿, ]n.-Sn. Nmt°m, ]n.-]n.DΩ¿ tImb, sI. Ip™-ºp, hn.-sI. the-∏≥, sI.-Sn. ANyp-X≥(sI.F Zmtam-Zc tat\m≥), C.-]n. ]utemkv F∂o tIm¨K-kp-Imcpw Un. Zmtam-Z-c≥ t]m‰n, sI. Nµ-ti-J-c≥ F∂o ]n.-F-kv.-]n-°m-cp-am-bn-cp∂p a¥n-am¿. B¿. i¶-dn\v ]n∂nSv D]-ap-Jy-a¥n ]Zwe`n-®p.

kv]o°¿ sXc-s™-Sp-∏nepw cmPy-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏nepwA\p-h¿Øn-t°-≠p∂ \ne-]m-Sp-Isf ]‰n Btem-Nn-°m≥ kwÿm\apkvenw eoKv Iu¨kn¬ s^_p-hcn 26˛mw XnøXn tImgn-t°m´vtN¿∂p. B Znhkw _m-^JnXßƒ t_mws_-bn¬ Bb-Xn-\m¬sshkv ]kn-U≠v l°owPnbmWv B[y£w hln-®-Xv. kv]o°¿ÿm\m¿∞n-sbbpw cmPy-k`m ÿm\m¿∞n-sbbpw \n›-bn-°m\pwc≠v ÿm\-ß-fn-te°pw a’-cn-°m-\m-h-iy-amb N¿®-Iƒ°v a‰pI£n-I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sm\pw Hcp kan-Xnsb sXc-s™-Sp-Øp. _m-^JnXßƒ, l°ow-Pn, kn.-sI.-]n. sNdnb aΩp-t°-bn, C.-F-kv.Fwl\o- , C_mlnw kpsse-am≥ tk v F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p kanXn AwK-ßƒ. tbmKw Ign-bm-dm-hp-tºm-tg°pw _m-^JnXßƒ FØnt®cp-Ibpw XpS¿∂p≈ tbmK-\-S-]-Sn-I-fn¬ At±lw ]s¶-Sp-°p-IbpwsNbvXp. apJy-a¥n ]´w XmWp-]n-≈sb A\p-tam-Zn-°p-Ibpw At±-l-Øn\v tbmKw ]n¥pW ]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tIm¨Kkvssl°-am‚ns‚ klm-b-I--c-a-√mØ \ne-]m-Sn¬ ]Xn-tj[w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

140141

B Znhkw Xs∂ tImgn-t°m´v apkvenw eoKns‚ Hcp ktΩ-f-\hpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ][m\ a¥n ]fin‰v Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdpIpd®p Znhkw apºv apkvenw eoKns\ ]‰n \S-Ønb hna¿i-\-ßƒ°vCu ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ sh®v _m-^JnXßƒ adp-]Sn ]d-™p. apkvenweoKns‚ sXc-s™-Sp∏v am\n-s^tÃm Ct∏mƒ amXta Xm≥ I≠n-´p-≈q-sh∂pw AXv ae-bm-f-Øn-em-bXv sIm≠v X\n°v t\csØhmbn®v t\m°m≥ Ign-™n-s√∂pw AXn¬ Bt£-]-I-c-amb Nne-Xp-s≠∂pw apkvenw eoKv h¿§ob kwL-S-\-bm-sW∂pw s\lvdp ]d-™n-cp-∂p. CXn\v adp-]-Sn-bmbn _m-^JnXßƒ ]d™p:˛

""sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v apºv Xs∂ aq∂v ]m¿ń-Ifpw Ah-cpsSsXc-s™-Sp∏v hn⁄m-]-\-ßƒ Xøm-dm-°p-Ibpw Ah ]c-kv]cwssIam-dp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. AXv hmbn®p t\m°n F√m-hcpw icn-sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xm-Wv. apkvenw eoKns‚ am\n-s^tÃm ae-bm-f-Øn¬ amX-a√ CwKo-jnepw ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. s\lvdp AXvI≠n√ F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-am-Wv. At±lw ]d-™Xvt]mse Bt£-]m¿l-amb Hcp ]Zw t]mepw Rß-fpsS am\n-s^-tÃm-bn¬ C√. sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ klm-b-tØmsS`qcn-]£w Inńb tijw eoKv h¿§ob kwL-S-\-bm-sW-∂m-Wv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. sXc-s™-Sp∏v ImeØv eoKn\v h¿§ob apZ IpØm-ØXvòcpXzw sIm≠t√ F∂v Rm≥ _lp-am\ ]pc- cw tNmZn®psIm≈t´' ˛hnIm-cm-[o-\-\m-bn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßƒ. ]s£]WvUn‰vPn ]d™ t]mse eoKv h¿§ob kwL-S-\-bm-sW∂v tIc-f-Ønse Hscm‰ tIm¨Kkv t\Xmhpw ]d-™n-√. Ah¿ apkvenweoKns\ ap‡-IWvTw ]iw-kn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.

""hn]p-e-amb cmPy-Xm-Xv]-cy-Øn-\mWv apkvenw eoKv ]m[m\yw\¬In-b-sX∂pw AXn\v Ahsc A`n-\-µn-°pI F∂p''amWv "apkvenweoKns‚ at\m- mhw' F∂ t]cn¬ Fgp-Xnb apJ-]-kw-K-Øn¬ C¥y-bnse G‰hpw ]gb Cw•ojv Zn\-]-X-amb sIm¬°-Ø-bnse Aar-X-_-km¬ ]XnI ]d-™-Xv.

kv]o°¿ sXc-s™-Sp∏v hs∂-Øn.kv]o°¿ ÿm\m¿∞n-bmbn sI.-Fw. koXn kmln-_ns‚

t]cv _m-^JnXßƒ ]kvXm-hn-®p. cmPy-k`m ÿm\m¿∞n-bmbnC_mlnw kpsse-am≥ tk´v kmln-_ns‚ t]cpw.

am¿®v 4˛mw XnøXn koXn kmln_v t\man-t\-j\v ka¿∏n-®p. At±-l-Øns‚ t]cv Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn \n¿tZ-in-®Xv apJya¥n]´w XmWp-]n-≈bpw ]n¥m-ßn-bXv tIm¨Kkv t\Xmhv ]n.-Sn.



141

Nmt°mbpw Bbn-cp-∂p. a‰p t\man-t\-j-\p-I-sfm∂pw ^b¬ sNø-s∏-ń-√.

am¿®v 12˛mw XnøXn sI.-Fw. koXn kmln_v tIcf \nb-a-k-`-bpsS c≠m-asØ kv]o°-dmbn sFI-I-WvtTy\ sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. kzmX¥y e_v[n°v tijw Hcp apkvenw eoKp-Im-c≥ C¥y-bn¬ Hcp Kh¨sa‚ v kwhn-[m-\-Øns‚ `mK-am-Ip-∂Xv A∂m-Wv.B ÿm\w Ae-¶-cn-°m≥ A\p-tbm-Py-\mb hy‡n sI.-Fw. koXnkmln_v Xs∂. ]K-¤-\mb \nb-a-⁄≥ Bb koXn kmln-_n\vZo¿L-Im-esØ ]m¿e-sa‚dn ]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ]mc-º-cy-hp-ap-≠v.1928˛epw 1930˛epw sIm®n Akw-ªn-bn-te°pw 1946˛epw 1952˛epw aZmkvAkw-ªn-bn-te°pw At±lw sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- n- p-≠v. kzmX¥y ka-c-Øn¬ kPo-h-ambn ]s¶-Sp-°p-Ibpw tIm¨K-kns‚ t\Xr-in-Jn-c-ß-fn¬ FØp-Ibpw sNbvX At±lw BPo-h-\m¥w JZ¿ hkvXwamXta [cn-®n-cp-∂p-≈q. Hcp ]cn- mjm hnZ-KvZ-\m-bn-cp∂p koXn kmln-_v. B ]cn-`mjm ]mS-h-amWv Km‘n-Pn°v At±-lsØ ]nb-¶-c-\m-°n-b-Xv. InS-b‰ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥, D÷z-e-\mb hmKvan F∂o \ne-bn-se√mw koXn kmln-_ns‚ ]ikvXn tIc-f-saßpw \nd™p \n∂p.kakvX tIcf kmlnXy ]cn-j-Øns‚ A[y£ ÿm\w At±lwAe-¶-cn-®n-´p-≠v. hniz-km-lnXyw At±-l-Øns‚ hnc¬Xp-ºn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]Xn-`bpw ]mfin-Xyhpw XymKhpw Ffn-a-bm¿∂ Pohn-X-co-Xnbpw At±-lsØ tIc-f-Ønse P\-t\-Xm-°-fpsS ap≥\n-c-bn¬FØn-®p. ]ikvX ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\mb ]n.-kn. kpIp-am-c≥ \mb¿FgpXn;-˛ ""F√mhcmepw _lp-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp-I, \nb-a-k`m kv]o°¿Bhm≥ Bhiyw th≠ tbmKy-X-bm-sW-¶n¬ P. koXn kmln-_ns\t]mse B ÿm\-Øn-\n-W-ßp∂ as‰m-cmsf I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ hnj-a-am-Wv. sXc-s™-Sp∏v Ign-™p-≠mb Iodm-ap-ń --bn¬ \n∂v cmPysØc£-s∏-Sp-Ønb \mS-I-Øn¬ ][m\ IYm-]m-X-am-hm≥ At±-l-Øn\vIgn-™Xpw Cu ]tXy-IX sIm≠m-sW∂v tXm∂p-∂p.''

""\s∂ saen-™-sX∂v ]d™p IqsS-¶nepw £oW-nX-sa∂vhnfn®v ]d-bp∂ tZl-]-Ir-Xw. hm¿[-Iy-Øns‚ Npfn-hp-Iƒ NnX-th-e-Iƒ \S-Øn-bn-ń-s√-¶nepw ]mb-Øns‚ ]Xo-I-amb apJw, ¿sXm-∏nbpw j¿´pw sIm´p-a-Wn™v A\m¿`m-S-ambn Iq∏p-ssI-I-tfmsSA[y£ ]Z-hn-bn-te°v \S∂p hcp∂ koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ NnXw \nb-a-k`m \S-]-Sn-Iƒ i≤n-®n- p-≈-h¿s°√mw Hm¿Ω-bp-≠m-hpw. Bscbpw\ncm-bp-[-\m-°p∂ aµ-kvanXhpw ]Xn™ i_vZhpw Cu Adp-]-Øn-c-≠p-Im-cs‚ ]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv.''


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

142143

""sh≈-b-º-e-Øn-\-Sp-Øp≈ ap≥ tIm¿]-td-j≥ IΩo-j-W¿Aø-∏≥ ]n≈-bpsS hI Hcp hmSI sIń-S-Øn-emWv kv]o°¿ Pn.-koXn kmln_v IpSpw_w Xma-kn-°p-∂-Xv. bmsXmcp hn[ HutZym-Kn-Im-Uw-_-c-hp-an-√mØ Hcp km[m-cW hk-Xn.'' (Iu-apZn hmcnI˛08˛08˛60)

""]m¿e-sa‚n-tebpw temI-Ønse F√m cmPy-ß-fn-sebpw\nb-a-k-`-I-fn-tebpw \S-]-Sn-®-´-ßƒ Ac-®p-I-e-°n-°p-Sn® HcpA[y£ Xm∏m-\-bmWv koXn kmln_v'' F∂v as‰mcp ]kn≤]X-]-h¿Ø-I≥ sI.-B¿. chn hnti-jn-∏n-®p.

tIcf \nb-a-k- -bpsS sU]yqń kv]o°-dmbn tIm¨K-knseh\nXm t\Xmhv AUz-°‰v \ô-kØv _ohnbpw sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. kv]o°-dm-b-Xns\ XpS¿∂v koXn kmln_v apkvenw eoKns‚ \nb-a-k`m ]m¿ń ÿm\w cmPn-sh-®p. B ÿm\-tØ°v At±-l-Øns‚]n≥Km-an-bmbn h∂Xv kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb Bbn-cp-∂p. am¿®v24˛mw XnøXn \S∂ cmPy-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw eoKnseC_mlnw kpsse-am≥ tk´v hnP-bn-®p.

]pd-sa°v F√mw wKn-bmbn Iem-in-®p-sh∂p tXm∂n-sb-¶nepw_m- JnXßfpsS D≈-amsI ]pI-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hoń¬ InS∂pdßp-I-bm-bn-cp∂ tIm¨K-kp-Im-cs\ ]nSn-®p-h-en®v sIm≠v h∂v XnI£nkJy-ap-≠m-°nb cmP-in¬∏n-bm-Wv _m-^JnXßƒ. B tIm¨K-kn¬ \n∂v Xosc ]Xo-£n-°mØ Xc-Øn-ep-≠mb \µn-tISv BscbpwF∂ t]mse At±-l-sØbpw Zp:Jn∏n-®p. mhnsb-tbm¿Øv At±lwBi-¶m-Ip-e-\m-bn. B L´-Ønepw A¬]w im¥n tXSn sIm≠vhnip≤ l÷v \n¿h-l-W-Øn-\mbn _m-^JnXßƒ kDuZn Atd-_y-bn-te°v t]mbn.

XnI£n kJyw XpS-c-W-sa∂p Xs∂-bmWv tIm¨K-kns‚Xocp-am-\w. Bk-∂-amb ]©m-bØv, ap\n-kn-∏¬ sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fnepw tIm¨K-kv- -eo-Kv- -]n.-F-kv.]n kJyw XpS-c-W-sa∂v sabv 30˛mwXnøXn sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. FIvkn-Iyq-óhv A`n-]m-b-s∏-´p.

Pq¨ 26- \v Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv tN¿∂ apkvenw eoKns‚ tÃ‰vFIvkn-Iyq- o-hn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ _m- JnXßƒ°v Ign-™n-√. sshkv]kn-U≠v Fw. l°owPnbpsS A[y-£-X-bn¬ BWv tbmKw \S-∂-Xv. apkvenw eoKv ap≥I-sø-SpØv sIm≠v tIc-f-Øn¬ Hcp _n.-Sn.tImtfPpw Hcp t]mfn sSIv\n°pw Bcw- n-°-W-sa∂v Cu tbmK-Øn¬sh®mWv Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. CXn\v th≠n cq]o-I-cn® k_vI-Ωn-‰n-bn-te°v _m-^JnXßƒ, kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb, A. Ahp-°m-Z¿ Ipń \l, ]n. A_vZp¬ aPo-Zv, lao-Zen jw\m-Sv, sI.



143

sambvXo≥Ipń lmPn, Fw.-]n.-Fw. Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ, Fw. l°owPnF∂n-hsc sXc-s™-Sp-Øp.

l÷v Ign™v Btcm-Ky-hm-\mbn Xncn-s®-Ønb _m-^JnXßƒ ho≠pw kPoh cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ apgp-In. 1960 Pqsse 15˛mwXnøXn tImgn-t°ms´ sP.-Un.-Sn. F∂ ]ikvX ÿm]-\-ß-fpsSÿm]-I\pw ]©m-_nse hnJymX kmaq-lnI ]h¿Ø-I-\p-ambauem\m aplv-bn-±o≥ Al-ΩZv Jkqcn tImgn-t°mSv kµ¿i-®-t∏mƒAt±-l-Øn\v tImgn-t°ms´ ]ucm-hen \¬Inb kzoI-c-W-Øn¬ apJy]¶v hln-®Xv _m-^JnXßfmbn-cp-∂p.

BKÃv 7˛mw XnøXn tImgn-t°mSv Pn√m apkvenw eoKns‚hm¿jnI ktΩ-f\w ho≠pw _m- JnXßsf AXns‚ ]kn-U-≠mbnsXc-s™-Sp-Øp. kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbsb Pn√m skI-´-dn-bmbpwsXc-s™-Sp-Øp. ]n.-Fw.-F-kv.-F. ]qt°mb Xßƒ, F≥.-hn. A_vZp- emw aue-hn, Fw.-]n.-Fw. Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ, _n.-hn. A_vZp-√-t°mbF∂n-h¿ sshkv ]kn-U-≠p-am-cmbpw sI. sambvXo≥Ipń lmPn,kn.-]n. Ip™m-en-°p-ń-tIbn F∂n-h¿ tPmbns‚ skI-´-dn-am-cmbpwsXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. Fw.-sI. lmPnsb JPm-©n-bmbpw sXc-s™-Sp-Øp.

F∂m¬ ]Xn-s\m∂v Znh-k-ßƒ°v tijw tImgn-t°mSv kn‰napkvenw eoKv IΩn-‰n-bpsS `mc-hm-ln-IfpsS sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ _m-^JnXßƒ ]kn-U≠v ÿm\-tØ°v a’-cn-®-t∏mƒ ]cm-P-b-s∏´kw`hw t\csØ Hcp A[ym-b-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿in-®n- p-≠v. _n.-hn. A_vZp-√-t°mb Bbn-cp∂p FXn¿ ÿm\m¿∞n. _m-^JnXßfpw _n.-hn.A_vZp-√-t°m-bbpw At∏mƒ kZ- n-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. dnt´-WnwKvHmô-k¿ Fw.-]n.-Fw. Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p. _m-^JnXßƒPn√m-˛-kw-ÿm\ ]kn-U≠v ÿm\w IqSn \¬In At±-l-Øn¬AanX `mcw ASn-t®¬∏n-t°≠ F∂ Dt±-i-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p Nne]h¿Ø-I-∑m¿ At±-lsØ kn‰n ]kn-U-≠v ÿm\-tØ°v a’-cn-∏n-°-cp-sX∂v A`n-]m-b-s∏-´-Xv. cmjvSob ]m¿ń-°p-≈n¬ k¿∆km[m-c-W-amb Kq∏p-I-fn-bp-ambn AXns\ _‘-s∏-SpØn ImW-cp-Xv. sXc-s™-Sp∏v Ign-™-t∏mƒ 4 thmńs‚ `qcn-]-£-Øn\v _n.-hn-bmWv Pbn-®-Xv. ]nt‰ Znhkw cmhnse Cu hnhcw ]X-Øn-eqsShmbn-®-dn™ _m-^JnXßƒ t^mWn-eqsS _n.-hn. A_vZp-√-t°m-bsb A\p-tam-Zn-®p. F∂m¬ Cu sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ hnhncw _n.-hn.Adn-bp-∂Xv At∏mƒ amX-am-Wv. At±lw kvX_v[-\m-bn-t∏m-bn.Xm≥ B ÿm\w kzoI-cn-°p-I-bn√ F∂v _n.-hn. ]d-™p. DSs\


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

144145

_m-^JnXßfpsS sjh¿tem Im¿ tIm¿´v tdmUnse Icn-bm-S≥hn√-bn-te°v ]m™p. Ahn-sS-bmWv _n.-hn. A_vZp-√-t°mb Xma-kn-°p-∂-Xv. "kn‰n eoKv ]kn-U≠v ÿm\w _n.-hn. kzoI-cn-°-W-sa∂pw As√-¶n¬ AXv Xm¶sf sXc-s™-SpØ ]h¿Ø-I-∑mscAh-tl-fn-°-em-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw' _m-^JnXßƒ \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆wBh-iy-s∏-´p. AXn\p tij-amWv _n.-hn. kn‰n eoKv ]kn-U≠vÿm\w Gs‰-Sp-Ø-Xv. ]n.-Fw. A_q-_-°¿ BWv A∂v skI-´-dn.]nSn. Ah-dm≥ tImb, Fw. _mhpń lmPn, Fw.-sI. A_p-lmPnF∂n-h¿ sshkv ]kn-U-≠p-am-cmbpw Fw.-sI. A_vZp-√-t°m-b, sI.-Fw. Ben-t°mb F∂n-h¿ Akn-Ã‚ v skI-´-dn-am-cmbpw ]≈n-hn-ó¬ aΩXv tImb JPm-©n-bmbpw sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- p. apkvenw eoKvkwL-S-\-°p-≈n¬ \ne-\n¬°p∂ Db¿∂ P\m-[n-]Xy t_m[hpwAXnse AwK-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ kzmX-¥yhpw FX-bm-sW-∂-dn-bm-\p≈ Hcp D]-I-c-W-sa∂ \ne-°mWv Cu kw`hw ChnsS D≤-cn-°p∂Xv. Cu P\m-[n-]Xy kzmX¥yw G‰-hp-a-[nIw kt¥m-jn-∏n-®Xv _m-^JnXßsf Xs∂-bm-Wv.

B amkw Xs∂ ssakq¿ tÃ‰nse sU]yqń [\-Imcy a¥n-bmb sP.-F-®v. jwkp-±o≥ kmln_v tImgn-t°mSv h∂v _m-^JnXßfpambn Zo¿L-t\cw kw`m-jWw \S-Øn. _o®v tlm´-en¬ssakq¿ a¥n°v \¬Inb k¬°m-c-Ønse Hcp ][m\ AXnYn_m-^JnXßfmbn-cp-∂p. B h¿jw kzmX¥y Zn\w Kwò-c-ambnBtLm-jn-°m≥ _m-^JnXßƒ apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-I-∑mscBlzm\w sNbvXp. 1960 BKÃv 14˛mw XnøXn At±lw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® ]kvXm-h\ NphsS hmbn-°pI:

C¥y- kzmX¥yw ]m]n-®-Xns‚ ]Xn-\memw hm¿jnIw \msfC¥y-sbm- p°pw \mw B¿`m-S-]q¿∆w BtLm-jn-°p-I-bm-W-t√m. a[p-c-amb ]e kvac-W-Ifpw Ab-hn-d-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp kp]-`m-X-amWv\msf ]pe-cp-∂-Xv. B kpZn\w AX¿ln-°p∂ ][m-\y-tØmSp IqSnsIm≠m-Sp-∂-Xn¬ kl-I-cn®v BtLmjw ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambpw hnP-b-I-c-am°n Xo¿t°-≠Xv Hmtcm ]uc-t‚bpw Hgn®p IqSmØ Npa-X-e-bm-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu \mńse apk¬am≥amcpw C°m-cy-Øn¬ Bcp-sSbpw ]n∂n-em-bn-°q-Sm. AXn-\m¬ \mfsØ BtLm-j-Øn¬ tLmj-bm-X, s]mXp-tbmKw XpS-ßnb s]mXp ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ IΩyq-Wn-tÃ-Xc I£n-I-fp-ambn kl-I-cn®v kz¥w hym]-c-ÿ-e-ßfpw ÿm]-\-ßfpw a‰pw ]tXy-I-ambn Ae-¶-cn®pw \mfsØkzmX¥yZn\ hm¿jnI Atß-b‰w hnP-b-I-c-am°nXo¿°m≥ F√m



145

apkvenw-I-tfmSpw Rm≥ A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p. C°m-cy-Øn¬ ap≥I-sø-SpØv ]h¿Øn-°m≥ apkvenw eoKv IΩn-‰n-I-tfmSpw ]h¿Ø-I-∑m-tcmSpw Rm≥ DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p.''

CØcw DZvt_m-[-\-ßƒ F√m kzmX-¥y-Zn-\-ß-fnepw _m-^JnXßƒ \S-Øm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±-lsØ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw cmPy-Øns‚ kzmX¥yw ]mW-hm-XIw t]mse ]m[m-\y-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

kzmX¥yw Xs∂ AarXwkzmX¥yw Xs∂ PohnXw]c-X¥yw am\n-Iƒ°v

arXn-tb-°mƒ bm-\-Iw.

1. sI.-]n. Ip™n-aq-k-bpsS A©v t\Xm-°ƒ F∂ ]pkvX-

I-Øn¬ \n∂v D≤-cn-®-Xv.

2. B¿ i¶¿ (Fw.-sI. Ipam-c≥ t]Pv 413) ]km˛ kmwkvIm-

cnI ]kn-≤o-I-cW hIp∏v

146


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

146

12

]´w ]©m-_n-te°v

Bbn-c-Øn-sØm-≈m-bn-cØn Adp-]Xv sk]vXw-_¿ amk-Øn¬ Xan-gv\mSv apkvenw eoKns‚ kwÿm\ ktΩ-f\w aZn-cm-in-bn¬ \S-∂p. C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ P∑-\-Kchpw JmCsZan√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln-_ns‚ Bÿm-\-hp-am-Wv aZn-cm-in. _m-^JnXßƒ ]s¶-Sp-°m-sa∂v kΩ-Xn-®p.

ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ kw_-‘n-°m-\mbn _m- JnXßƒ sk]vXw-_¿ 16˛mw XnøXn Xoh≠n am¿§w aZn-cm-in-bn-se-Øn. sk≥S¬ tÃj-\n¬ sh®v Xan-gv\mSv apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-I-∑mcpw ae-bm-fn apkvenwkaq-lhpw At±-lsØ hotcm-Nn-X-ambn kzoI-cn-®p.

hnim-e-ambn ]Wn-Xp-b¿Ønb "apl-Ω-Zen ]¥-en¬' sk]vXw-_¿ 17˛mw Xnø-Xn-bmWv ktΩ-f\w Bcw- n-®-Xv. _m- JnXßƒ ]XmIDb¿Øn.

""\yq\-]-£-ß-fpsS c£°p th≠n amX-a√ P\m-[n-]Xy-Øns‚ c£-°p-IqSn apkvenw eoKn¬ AWn-\n-c-°m≥'' ]XmIDb¿Øn-s°m≠v sNbvX ]kw-K-Øn¬ _m- JnXßƒ Xangv apkvenwP\-Xsb Blzm\w sNbvXp. At±-l-Øns‚ ]kwKw kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb Cw•o-jn-te°pw C.-F-kv.-Fw. l\o^ Xan-gn-te°pw ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn.

Xangv \m´nse ]apJ apkvenw t\Xm-°-sf√mw _m-^JnXßsf ImWm\pw At±-l-hp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sm\pw FØn-t®¿∂n-cp-∂p. Ah-sc√mw At±-lsØ _lp-am-\n-®p. Ah-cn¬ ]ecpwapkvenw eoKp-Im-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√. tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw-I-fpsS cmjvSo-bm-Xo-X-\mb t\Xm-hmWv _m-^JnXßsf∂v Ah¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. At\Iw tIcf kam-P-ßfpw apkvenw kwL-S-\-Ifpw _m-^JnXßƒ°v ]tXyIw ]tXyIw kzoI-c-W-ßƒ \¬In.



147

Xangv\mń¬ hnP-b-I-c-ambn ]cy-S\w ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-b-Xn\vtijw tIc-f-Øn¬ Xncn-s®-Ønb _m-^JnXßƒ°v B h¿jwXs∂ tIcf tÃ‰v apkvenw eoKv Iu¨kn-en-s\-bmWv t\cn-tS≠nh∂-Xv. Iu¨kn¬ tbmKw ho≠pw At±-lsØ ]kn-U-≠mbn sXc-s™-Sp-Øp. skI- -dn-bmbn kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-sb-bpw. ho≠pw]kn-U-≠mbn sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ DSs\ _m-^JnXßƒ°v CS-s]-tS≠n h∂ ][m\ hnj-b-am-bn-cp∂p DS≥ \S-°m-\n-cn-°p∂ Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw ap\n-kn-∏¬ tIm¿∏-td-j≥ sXc-s™-Sp-∏v. Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambnXnI£n kJyw \ne-hn¬ Ds≠-¶nepw Akz-ÿ-cmb AWn-Iƒ amdn-®n-¥n-°p-∂pt≠m F∂ ]cn-`m-¥n-bn-em-bn-cp∂p t\Xm-°ƒ. ]s£]Xn-hn\v hn]-co-X-ambn H∂pw kw`-hn-®n-√. HIvtSm-_¿ 18˛\v \S∂sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ XnI£n kJyw hnPbw Is≠-Øn. ]Pm tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń 18 Dw tIm¨Kkv 8 Dw apkvenw-eoKv 2 Dw ko‰-Iƒ t\Sn.IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń°v 3 ko‰p-Isf e`n-®p-≈q. B¿.-F-kv.-]n.°v 4 ko‰p-I-fpw. 5 kzX-¥cpw Pbn®p.

]s£ tIm¿∏-td-j≥ hnPbw tIm¨Kkv ]m¿ń-bnse ]S-e-∏n-W-°ßƒ°v ia-\-ap-≠m-°nbn-√. tIm¨K-knse 47 Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ Kh¨sa‚ns\ A\p-Iq-en®p sIm≠v Hcp ]kvXm-h\ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®p. sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠v kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿ HcphiØpw D]-ap-Jy-a¥n B¿. i¶dpw A`y-¥c a¥n ]n.-Sn. Nmt°mbpwadp-h-i-Øp-ambn Dƒ]m¿ń ka-c-ßƒ i‡-am-bn. sI.-]n.-kn.kn ]kn-U≠v sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ≥ \mb-cpsS FXn¿ÿm\m¿∞n Nmt°m Bbn-cp-∂p. sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U-≠n\vtIm¨K-kp-Im-c-\mb D]-ap-Jy-a¥n i¶-dn-t\-°mƒ ]n.-F-kv.-]n-°m-c-\mb apJy-a¥n ] -Øn-t\m-SmWv Xm¬]-cyw. ]s£ H´pw Ipep-ßp∂]Ir-X-°m-c-\√ i¶¿. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬ ]´w XmWp-]n≈ kmdns\anÃ¿ XmWp-]n≈ F∂p hnfn-°m≥ ss[cy-ap≈ Htc Hcp t\Xm-hmWv i¶¿. ]´-Øn\v At±-lsØ CjvS-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. s]mXp thZn-I-fn¬ sh®p t]mepw ]´w, i¶-dns\ N¶-c≥ F∂mWv hnfn-°m-dv.

""kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿ sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U-≠m-b-tXmsSi¶-dpsS hnj-a-X-Iƒ h¿≤n-®p. apkvenw eoKns\ Fßs\sb-¶nepwIq´p-I£n kwhn-[m-\-Øn¬ s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v t]mI-W-sa-∂p≈ \bw tIm¨Kkv ssl°-am‚ns\ sIm≠v AwKo-I-cn-∏n-®Xvi¶-dm-Wv. F∂m¬ apkvenw eoKns\ Fß-s\-sb-¶nepw ]pI®v ]pdØvNmSn-°-W-sa∂ A`n-]m-b-amWv kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U-≠v ÿm\w Ic-ÿ-am-b-tXmSpIqSntKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿ Xs‚ DtZyiyw km[n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ iaw Bcw-`n-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

148149

®p. At±-l-Øns‚ ]kw-K-ßfpw ]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw apkvenw eoKvt\Xm-°sf sNmSn-∏n-®p. Iq´p-I£n a¥n-k` hcn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]´wXmWp-]n-≈sb apJy-a-¥n-bm-°m-sa∂v Nne tIm¨Kkv Kq∏p-IƒAt±-l-Øn\v hm°v sImSp-Øn-cp-∂p-h-sX. a∂Øv ]fl-\m-`s‚Bio¿hm-Zhpw Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXp sIm≠mWv t]´-bnseHcp kzoI-c-W-tbm-K-Øn¬ i¶¿ hfsc ]kn-≤-am-bXpw Ht´sd D≤-cn-°-s∏- -Xp-amb B hmNIw ]d-™Xv:˛ ""Hcp Cug-h-k-Xo-bpsS hb-‰n¬ ]nd-∂Xv sIm≠mWv Rm≥ apJy-a-¥n-bm-ImsX t]mb-Xv.'' CSn-ap-g°w t]mse-bmWm hm°p-Iƒ tIc-fob lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Xd-®-Xv.sI.-kn. tPm¨ ]d-™Xv t]mse ÿnXn-hn-h-c-°-W-°p-Iƒ sIm≠vcmjvSo-b-°fn Ifn®v tXm‰p-t]mb tIm¨Kkv t\Xm-hmWv B¿.i¶¿. ]s£, tXm‰-t∏mgpw At±lw Xs‚ Xe Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-®p.

]´w-Xm-Wp-]n-≈-bm-sW-¶n¬ a[y-Im-e-L-´-Ønse \mSp-hm-gn-I-sf-t]m-se-bmWv cWw \S-Øn-b-Xv. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬ tIm¨Kkvt\Xm-hm-bn-cnt° B ]m¿ń-bn¬ \n∂v Ie-ln®v bmZr-›n-I-ambntkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń-bn¬ FØn-s∏-´-Xm-Wv At±-lw. bYm¿∞-Øn¬tkmjy-enkw F∂ hm°v t]mepw ] -Øn\v tI´p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-∂p. P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ Imcy-Ønepw AXv Xs∂ ÿnXn. Imcy-ßƒ Xs‚a¥n-k-`-tbmtSm kl-]-h¿Ø-I-∑m-tcmtSm Btem-Nn®p sNøpIF∂ coXn-sbm∂pw At±-l-Øn\v Adn™v IqSm. "Xm≥ Imcy-ß-sfms° th≠Xv t]mse sNøp-∂p-≠-t√m. AXßv A\p-k-cn-®m¬aXn. ]ns∂ F¥q´v P\m-[n-]Xyw.?' ˛ CXm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ssÃ¬. ]X-°m¿°p t]mepw `b-am-bn-cp∂p ]´-Øn-s\.

]s£ ]e DXvIrjvS KpW-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p ]´-Øn-\v.£n]-tIm-]n-sb∂ t]mse £n]-h-’-e-\p-am-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. Agn-aXn F¥m-sW∂v t]mepw At±-l-Øn\v Adn-™p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcphenb Xd-hm-ńse Imc-W-hsc t]mse-bmWv At±lw s]cp-am-dn-b-Xv. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dns‚ kzmX¥y kac Ncn-X-Øn¬ At±-l-tØmfwXymK-a-\p-jvTn® t\Xm-°ƒ hnc-f-am-Wv.

kv]o°¿ sI.-Fw. koXn kmln_v 1961 G]n¬ 17˛\v A¥-cn-®p. B ÿm\-tØ°v P\m-_v. kn.-F®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-bpsS t]cvapkvenw eoKv \n¿tZ-in-®p. _m-^JnXßfmWv B t]cv ]Jym-]n-®-Xv. apkvenw eoKp-am-bp≈ sFIyw ]nf¿°m≥ t\mºv t\m‰n-cp∂ sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠n\pw At±-l-Øns‚ Kq∏n\pw Hc-h-kcw Inń.

Zp¿§m-]q-cn¬ tN¿∂ F.-sF.-kn.-kn. ktΩ-f\w h¿§obkwL-S-\-I-fp-ambn tIm¨K-kn\v sXc-s™-Sp∏v kJy-ßƒ AcpXvF∂v A\p-im-kn-°p∂ Hcp ]tabw AwKo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p. Cu ]ta-b-



149

Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ apkvenw eoKpw Dƒs∏-Sp-sa∂pw AXn-\m¬kv]o°¿ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n°v thm v sNøm-\m-hn-s√∂pw Hcp hn`mKw tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ hmZn-®p. apkvenw eoKvh¿§ob kwL-S-\-b-s√∂pw AXv P\m-[n-]Xy ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬]h¿Øn-°p∂ Hcp \yq\-]£ kwL-S-\-bmsW∂pw tIm¨Kkv ]eXhW ]d-™-Xm-Wv. ]s£ AsX√mw hnkva-cn®p sIm≠m-WvtIm¨K-kp-Im¿ apkvenw eoKns\ X≈n-∏-d-™-Xv. ]Xn-tj-[-Øns‚sImSp-¶m-‰p-Iƒ B™-Sn-®p.

At∏mƒ U¬ln-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp \n¿t±-iw˛ "kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImb kv]o°¿ ÿm\-tØ°v t\man-t\-j≥ sImSp-°p-∂-Xn\vapºv At±lw ]m¿ń AwKXzw cmPn-sh-°-Ww.'

XnI®pw _men-i-am-bn-cp∂p Cu \ymbw. kv]o°¿ I£n-c-ln-X-\m-Wv. F√m kv]o°¿amcpw ]m¿ń AwKXzw cmPn-sh-°pI F∂]Xn-hp-≠v. ]s£ AXv kv]o°-dmbn sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xn\v tij-am-Wv. F∂m¬ kn.-F-®ns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp∂Xn\vA¬]w apºv Xs∂ cmPn-sh-°-W-sa-∂mWv tIm¨Kkv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Cu Bhiyw kzoI-cn-°-Wtam? AtXm X≈n-°-f-b-Wtam?˛apkvenw eoKn¬ Bi-b-°p-g∏w Db¿∂p.

_m-^JnXßƒ kwÿm\ apkvenw eoKv ]h¿ØI kanXnhnfn®p Iqń. tIm¨K-kns‚ \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ X≈n-°-f-b-W-sa-∂mWvN¿® XpSßn sh® kn.-F®v ]d-™-Xv. AwK-ßƒ Ccp tNcn-I-fmbn]ncn™v Xoh-amb A`n-]mb ]I-S-\-ßƒ \S-Øn. sFIy-I£nKh¨sa‚ns\ \ne-\n¿Øm≥ apkvenw-eoKv Bh-iy-Øn-e-[nIwXymKhpw Bfl-]o-U-\hpw kln-®n-´p-s≠∂pw C\n tIm¨K-kns‚\n¿t±-i-ßƒ°v hgn-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-s√∂pw Hcp hn`mKw hotdmsS hmZn-®p. kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-bm-bn-cp∂p Cu hn`m-K-Øns‚ t\Xmhv.apkvenw eoKn¬ \n∂v Hcp \nan-j-sa-¶nepw cmPn-sh®v sIm≠v kv]o°¿ÿm\-tØ°v a’-cn-t°-≠-Xn-s√-∂pw hnIm-c-hn-£p-_v[-\mbnAt±lw hmZn-®p. ]s£ JmCsZ an√Øpw _m- JnXßfpw a‰v t\Xm-°fpw Nn¥n-®Xv B hgn-°-√. tIm¨K-kns‚ Zp¿hm-insb AtX- X-c-Øn-ep≈ Zp¿hmin sIm≠v ]Xn-I-cn-°-cp-sX∂pw tIc-f-Ønse P\-ßƒ ]Xo-£-tbmsS hf¿Øn-sb-SpØ P\m-[n-]Xy sFIyw XI¿Øp-I-f-bm≥ CsXmcp Imc-W-am-I-cp-sX-∂p-amWv Ah¿ hmZn-®-Xv. cmPnsXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v apºv thW-tam, ]ns∂ thWtam F∂ _men-i-ambkmt¶-XnI hmZ-Øn\v Du∂¬ sImSp-°msX ]mtbm-KnI cmPy X¥-⁄-X-bpsS am¿§w kzoI-cn-°-W-sa-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS D]-tZ-iw. AXn-\m¬ tIm¨K-kp-ambn Ign-bp-t∂-S-tØmfw kulm¿±w


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

150151

]pe¿Øm\pw t\mant\j≥ sImSp-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ kv]o°¿ÿm\m¿∞n ]m¿ń AwKXzw cmPn-sh-°m\pw Aßs\ tIc-fsØHcp cmjvSob Ipg-∏-Øn¬ \n∂pw c£n-°m-\p-ap≈ Xocp-am-\-amWvapkvenw eoKv ssIsIm-≠-Xv.

""Aßs\ B Xocp-am\w kn.-F-®ns\ sIm≠v AwKo-I-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ apXn¿∂ t\Xm-°ƒ°v Gsd ]bm-k-s∏-tS≠n h∂p. Xm≥_en-bm-Sm-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW∂pw A[n-Im-c-Øn\v th≠n apkvenw eoKvhntS≠n hcnI F∂ Hc-]-cm[w Xs‚ cmjvSob Pohn-X-Øn-ep-S-\ofwIcn-\n-g¬ hogvØp-sa∂pw At±lw `b-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. "CXv ]m¿ń Xocp-am-\-amWv. A®-S-°-ap≈ ]m¿ń ]h¿Ø-I-s\∂ \ne°v \nß-fnXvA\p-k-cnt® ]‰q' ˛_m-^JnXßfpsS DK-im-k-\-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.kn.-F-®ns‚ IÆp-I-fn¬ sh≈w \nd-™p. \odp∂ a\- p-am-bn, Icn-hm-fn® apJ-hp-am-bn, ]]-©-tØmSp apgp-h≥ HSp-ßmØ ]Xn-tj-[-hp-ambn A\p-k-c-W-bp≈ Ip™mSv kv]o°¿ ÿm\-Øns‚ apƒ°n-co-S-aWn-bm≥ Xs‚ inc v ImWn®p sImSp-Øp.''1

1961 Pq¨ 9˛mw XnøXn kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb kv]o°-dm-bn. tIm¨K-kn-\p-≈n¬ eoKv hncp≤ hn`mKw X¬°mew im¥-am-sb-¶nepw AXv sImSp-¶m-‰n\v apºp≈ im¥-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p. koXn kmln-_ns‚ ac-WsØ XpS¿∂v Ip‰n-∏p-dØv D]-sX-c-s™-Sp∏v \S-∂-t∏mƒapkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞nsb ]n¥p-W-°m≥ tIm¨Kkv Xøm-dm-bn-√. At∏mgpw ]d™ ImcWw Zp¿§m-]q¿ ]tabw. ]s£tIm¨Kkv apkvenw eoKn-s\-Xn-cmbn ÿm\m¿∞nsb \n¿Øn-bn-√.AXv sIm≠v apkvenw eoKn\v Hcp ]tbm-P-\hpw e`n-®n-√. ImcWw]_-e-\mb Hcp tIm¨K-kp-Im-c≥ dn_-embn AhnsS a’-cn-®p.an° tIm¨K-kp-Imcpw Abm-fpsS IqsS tN¿∂p. t]msc-¶n¬tIm¨Kkv dn-_en\v IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ńbpw ]n¥pW ]Jym-]n-®p.IΩyq-WnÃv˛tIm¨Kkv (dn-_¬) kJysØ t\cn-Sm≥ apkvenweoKns‚ ÿm\m¿∞n aplvkn≥ _n≥ Al-a-Zn\v \∂mbn s]mcp-tX≠n h∂p. \s√mcp hnZym- ymk ]h¿Ø-I\pw dn -tb¿Uv Pn√mhnZym- ymk Hmô-k-dp-am-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. 1961˛¬ sk]vXw-_¿ 27˛mwXnøXn sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-∂-t∏mƒ aplvkn≥ _n≥ Al-ΩZv hnP-bn-®p. k¿∆-I£n kzX-¥-s\-°mƒ 11204 thmńs‚ `qcn-]-£-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A`n-am-\-I-c-amb hnPbw. Ip‰n-∏pdw sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ _m-^JnXßƒ At\I Znh-k-ß-tfmfw AhnsS Xma-kn®v sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \nb-¥n-®n-cp-∂p.

Ip‰n∏pdw D]-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏nse apkvenw eoKns‚ hnP-bhpw



151

tIm¨K-kns‚ IÆv Xpd-∏n-®n-√. Ah¿ XpS¿∂Xv ioX-k-a-cw. AXvad-\o°n ]pdØv h∂Xv 1962˛se s]mXp sXc-s™-Sp∏v thf-bn-em-Wv. C¥y≥ ]m¿e-sa‚n-te°v \S∂ aq∂mw sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬apkvenw eoKp-ambn kl-I-cn-°m≥ tIm¨Kkv Xøm-dm-bn-√. \n¿`m-Ky-sa∂v ]d-bs´ apkvenw eoKns\ X≈n-°-f™p sIm≠v ]n.-F-kv.-]n-sb- X-ß-fpsS IqsS \n¿Øm≥ tIm¨K-kn\v Ign-™p. 18temIvk`m ko‰p-I-fn¬ 14 FÆw tIm¨Kkpw 4 ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bp-ambn ko‰v hn`-P\w \S-∂p.

apkvenw eoKn\v as‰m∂pw Btem-Nn-°m≥ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√._m-^JnXßƒ ka-hm-b-Øns‚ ]pkvXIw aS-°n-sh-®p. At±lwapkvenw eoKns‚ kwÿm\ Iu¨kn¬ hnfn®p Iq´n. HIvtSm-_¿]Xn-\©mw XnøXn apkvenw eoKv Iu¨kn¬ tIm¨K-kns‚ P\m-`n-emj hn[zw-kI \b-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn ITn-\-amb ]Xn-tj[w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn. AtXmsS XnI£n kJy-Øns‚ \mfp-Iƒ FÆ-s∏-´p.

\hw-_¿ 9˛mw XnøXn tN¿∂ apkvenw eoKns‚ tÃ‰v FIvkn-Iyq- ohv tbmKw ]Xo-£n-X-amb B Xocp-am-\-Øn¬ FØn-t®¿∂p.XnI£n kJy-hp-am-bp≈ F√m _‘-ßfpw apkvenw eoKv C∂v Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂p. C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKv ]kn-U-≠ns‚ km∂n-[y-Øn-em-Wv tÃ‰v FIvkn-Iyq- ohv Cu Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-Ø-Xv. apkvenweoKv FIvkn-Iyq- ohns‚ tbmKw tImgn-t°mSv \S-°p-tºmƒ Aßv Xncp-h-\-¥-]ptØ kv]ot°gvkv _w•m-hn¬ BImw-£m- -cn-X-\mbn HcmƒsSe-t^m-Wn\-SpØv Xs∂ Ccn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp∂p kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImb.apkvenw eoKv IΩn‰n as‰mcp Xocp-am\hpw IqSn-sb-Sp-Øp- -""kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImb kv]o°¿ ÿm\w cmPn-sh-°-Ww.''

B Xocp-am\w kn.-F-®ns\ Adn-bn-°m≥ Ckvam-bn¬kmln_pw _m-^JnXßfpw sSe-t^m-Wns‚ ASp-tØ°v \oßn.Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v t^m¨ _m-^JnXßfpsS Iøn¬ sImSpØpsIm≠v ]d-™p. ""Xßƒ hnfn°q'' At∏mƒ _m-^JnXßƒ]d™p:˛

""Aß-bpsS km∂n-[y-ap-≠m-bn-cns° Rm≥ hnfn-°p-∂Xv icn-b-√. C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ ]kn-U≠v F∂ \ne°vAßp-Xs∂ hnfn-°-Ww.''

Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v kuay-amb Cw•o-jn¬ t^mWn¬ kn.-F-®n-t\mSv ]d™p:˛

""anÃ¿ kn.-F®v Xm¶ƒ kv]o°¿ ÿm\w cmPn-sh-°-W-sa∂vapkvenw eoKv Xocp-am-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.''

""CXm Ct∏m-ƒ Cu \nan-j-Øn¬ Xs∂ Rm≥ cmPn-sh-®ncn-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

152153

°p∂p'' F∂mWv kn.-F-®ns‚ adp-]-Sn.""Rm≥ cmPn-sh® hnh-c-Øn\v Aß-bpsS t]cn¬ Ct∏m-ƒ

Xs∂ Rm≥ sSeKmw Ab-°p-∂p≠v B k-tµiw cmXn \S-°p∂apkvenw eoKv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ hmbn-°-Ww.'' F∂p IqSn kn.-F®v ]d-™p.

Ckvam-bn¬ kmln-_ns‚ IÆp-Iƒ kt¥mjw sIm≠v \nd-™p-t]m-bn. ""kn.-F-®ns\ t]mse CXbpw A\p-k-cW ioe-ap≈Hcp ]m¿ń ]h¿Ø-I≥ at‰Xv ]m¿ń-bn-ep≠v?'' F∂v _m- JnXßƒA`n-am-\-tØmsS tNmZn-®p. At∏mƒ kabw sshIp-t∂cw 6 aWn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp aWn-°q¿ IqSn Ign-™-t∏mƒ Ip‰n-®n-d-bn¬ apkvenweoKns‚ hºn® ktΩ-f-\-am-cw-`n-®p. ]n.-Fw. A_q-_-°¿ kzmK-X-]-kwKw \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cns° kn.-F-®ns‚ sSeKmw Inń. ]n.-Fw. A_q-_-°¿ B ktµiw D®-`m-jn-Wn-bn¬ hmbn-®p. ""Rm≥ kv]o°¿ÿm\w cmPn-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p-˛-kn.-F-®v apl-ΩZv tImb'' B ktµiwhmbn-®-t∏mƒ CSn-\mZw t]mep≈ Ic-tLm-jhpw BÀmZ ]I-S-\-hp-ap-≠m-bn....

apkvenw eoKv \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ ]Xn-]-£-tØ°v \oßn.1962˛¬ temIvk`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw eoKv H‰bv°v

a’cn®p. F¶nepw `mhn-bn¬ Dcp-Øn-cn™p h∂ Hcp Iq´p-sI-ńs‚BZy Inc-W-ßƒ ]Im-in-X-am-bXv Cu sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-em-Wv. ⁄m\-]oT tPXm-hmb ae-bm-f-Øns‚ alm-\mb kmln-Xy-Im-c≥ Fkv.-sI.s]m‰-°m-ń\v Xe-t»-cn-bnepw A`n-`m-j-I-\mb F.-hn. cmL-h\v hS-I-c-bnepw ]n¥pW \¬Im≥ apkvenw eoKv Xocp-am-\n-®p.

ta¬∏-d™ c≠v t]¿°pw IΩyq -WnÃv ]m¿ń -bpsS]n¥pWbpap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp mhn _‘-Øns‚ ]mew ]Wn-b-emWvAhnsS \S-∂-Xv. [phm-¥-c-ß-fn¬ Ign™ncp∂ IΩyq-WnÃv]m¿ń°pw apkvenw eoKn\pw Xe-t»-cn-bn-tebpw hS-I-c-bn-tebpwkzX¥ ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fpsS thZn-I-fn¬ ]cn-an-X-amb kulrZw ]¶n-Sm≥ Ah-k-c-ap-≠m-bn.

apkvenw eoKv aq∂v afi-e-ß-fn¬ HutZym-KnI ÿm\m¿∞n-Isf \n¿Øn a’-cn-°p-sa∂v _m- JnXßƒ Adn-bn-®p. 1962˛¬ P\p-hcn 13˛mw XnøXn Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv _m-^JnXßfpsS A[y-£-X-bn¬ tN¿∂ apkvenw eoKv ]m¿e-sa‚dn t_m¿Uv apkvenw eoKv a’-cn-°p∂ temIvk`m afi-e-ß-fp-sSbpw ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fp-sSbpw t]cv]Jym-]n-®p.

tImgn-t°mSv ˛ kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImbat©cn ˛ JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v



153

s]m∂m\n ˛ sI.-Fw. Aen-°p™vCXn\p ]pdsa Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv ]n.-F-kv. \S-cmP ]n≈,

Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv Fkv.-]n. eqbn-kv, Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Fkv.-sI. s]m‰-°m-´v, hS-I-c-bn¬ F.-hn. cmL-h≥ F∂n-h¿°v ]n¥pW \¬Im\pw eoKvXocp-am-\n-®p.

ae-bm-f-Øns‚ alm-\mb IYm-Im-c≥ Fkv.sI s]m‰-°m´vFßs\ apkvenw eoKns‚ ]n¥p-W-bp≈ ÿm\m¿∞n-bmbn F∂vAt±-l-Øns‚ Xs∂ hm°p-I-fn¬:˛

""1962˛se ]m¿e-sa‚ v sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v sXm´p apºp≈ Imew.Hcp kzX¥ (I£n cln-X) ÿm\m¿∞n-bmbn hS-Ic ]m¿e-sa‚ v\ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ \n¬°-W-sa∂pw ]m¿ń ]n¥pW \¬Im-sa∂pw IΩyq-WnÃv t\Xm-°ƒ Fs∂ Adn-bn-®-t∏mƒ AXns\ ]‰nBtem-Nn®v adp-]Sn sImSp-°m≥ Rm≥ HcmgvN kabw Bh-iy-s∏-´p.Hmtcm sXc-s™-Sp∏v ImeØpw tIc-f-Ønse cmjvSob ]m¿ń-I-fpsS Kl-\ne ]©mw-K-Øn-teXv t]mse amdn-amdns°m≠n-cn-°p-a-t√m.1957˛¬ Rm≥ Xe-t»cn ]m¿e-sa‚ v \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ \n∂pwa’-cn-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-˛-I£n cln-X-\mbn Xs∂. A∂v IΩyq-WnÃv]m¿ń ]n¥pW amXsa F\n°v D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. tIm¨Kkv HcpI≈n-bnepw ]n.-F-kv.-]nbpw eoKpw Hcp-an®v as‰mcp I≈n-bnepw F\n-s°-Xnsc \ne-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. A∂v Rm≥ tIhew Bbncw thmńs‚hyXymkw sIm≠mWv tIm¨Kkv ÿm\m¿∞ntbmSv tXm‰p t]mb-Xv. F∂m¬ B sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ Xs∂ hS-Ic \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ klm-b-tØmsS ]n.-F-kv.-]n. ÿm\m¿∞ntUm. sI.-_n. tat\m≥ henb `qcn--]-£-tØmsS Pbn-°p-IbpwsNbvXn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CØ-hW B hS-I-c-bn¬ a’-cn-°m-\m-WvIΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń Ft∂mSv \n¿tZ-in-°p∂-Xv. apkvenw eoKns‚ B\p-Iq-ey-an-√msX hS-I-c-bn¬ \n∂v Pbn-°m≥ ]bm-k-am-bn-cn-°pw.apkvenw eoKv F¥v \ne ]mSmWv FSp-°m≥ t]mIp-∂Xv F∂v hy‡-ambn Adn-bmsX AhnsS sN∂v NmSp-∂Xv Ahn-th-I-ambnbncn-°p-sa∂v Rm≥ a\- n-em-°p-∂p.''

""Rm≥ hS-I-c-bnse ]m¿e-sa‚ v afi-e-Øn¬ a’-cn-°m≥Dt±-in-°p-∂p-s≠∂pw IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS ]n¥pW D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw apkvenw eoKv Fs∂ klm-bn-°m≥ km[y-X-bp-t≠m-sb∂pw Rm≥ Fs‚ kplr-Ømb kn.-F-®v. aplΩZv tImbsb I≠vkwkm-cn®v Hc-t\z-jWw \S-Øn. At±lw Fs∂ D]-tZ-in®p _m-^JnXßsf t]mbn ImWm≥.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

154155

""Bcp-sSbpw Iqt´m ip]m¿itbm C√msX 1961 Unkw-_¿7˛mw XnøXn D®°v Rm≥ H‰°v _m-^JnXßsf hen-b-ßm-Sn-bnse]m≠n-I-im-e-bpsS apI-fn¬ sN∂p-I-≠p. Rßƒ apºv At\ym\yw]cn-N-b-s∏- n-cp-∂n-√. F∂mepw At±lw hfsc kvt\l- m-h-Øn-emWvFs∂ kzoI-cn-®-Xv. Rm≥ h∂ Imcyw At±-lsØ tIƒ∏n-®p. ]ns∂kuay-`m-h-Øn¬ ]d-™Xv CXm-bn-cp-∂p. "\nßƒ Xe-t»-cn-bn¬\nt∂m-fq. eoKv klm-bn°mw' _m-^JnXßƒ FX-an-Sp-°-\m-sbmcpcmjvSob X¥-⁄-\m-sW∂v ]n∂o-SmWv F\n°v a\- n-em-b-Xv. hS-Ic \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ eoKv FSp-°m≥ t]mIp∂ \ne-]mSvF¥m-sWt∂m Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ eoKv F\n°v klmbw hmKvZm\wsNøm≥ ImcWw F¥m-sWt∂m _m- JnXßƒ ]d-™n-√. apkvenweoKv CXns\ ]‰n Btem-Nn®v ]n∂oSv hnhcw Adn-bn°mw Ft∂mat‰m Bbn-cn°pw Xßƒ ]d-bpI F∂mWv Rm≥ Icp-Xn-b-Xv. (C-ß-s\-bp≈ L´-ß-fn¬ a‰v t\Xm-°-∑m-cpsS Acp-f-∏m-Sp-Iƒ Aß-s\-bm-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m) F∂m¬ ]Xo-£n-°msX ]pXnb Hcp afi-e-Øn¬Fs∂ IpSp-°n-bn-Sp-I-bmWv Xßƒ sNbvX-Xv.

""_m-^JnXßfpsS ]pXnb \n¿tZiw Rm≥ Fs‚ kplr-Øp-°-fp-sSbpw IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń t\Xm-°-fp-sSbpw apºn¬ ka¿∏n-®p. Xe-t»-cn-bn-te-°p≈ Fs‚ \o°w Ah¿°v BZyw AX Bim-ky-ambn tXm∂n-bn-√. Rm≥ Hcn-°¬ a’-cn®p tXm‰ \ntbm-PI afi-e-am-Wt√m Xe-t»-cn. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ a’-cn-°m≥ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ńas‰mcp kzX-¥s\ an°-hmdpw Dd-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬_m-^JnXßfpsS D]-tZ-i-Øn\v hne-I¬∏n-°p-Ibpw Xe-t»-cn-bn-te°v amdm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw A]-Imcw ]X-]-kvXm-h\ Cd-°p-I-bpw-sN-bvXp.

""CXbpw ]d-™Xv Xs∂ _m-^JnXßfpsS Akm-am-\y-amb Imcy-hn-i-I-e\ tijnsb H∂v kqNn-∏n-°m-\m-Wv. Rm≥ Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ a’-cn-°m≥ t\man-t\-j≥ ka¿∏n-®p. IΩyq-WnÃv]m¿ńbpw A\p-Iq-en-®p. apkvenw eoKns‚ \n¿tZi ]Imcw Xs∂hS-I-c-bnepw Hcp kzX¥ ÿm\m¿∞n-˛-b-i-»-co-\mb F.-hn. cmL-h≥˛a-’-cn -®p. Aßs\ IΩyq -WnÃv ]m¿ń -bp -sSbpw _m-^JnXßfpsS hy‡nXzw Pzen-°p∂ apkvenw eoKn-s‚bpw ]n¥p-W-tbmsS 66000 thmńs‚ qcn-]-£-tØmsS Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Rm\pw 72000thmńs‚ `qcn-]-£-tØmsS hS-I-c-bn¬ F.-hn. cmL-h\pw hnP-bn-®p. _m- JnXßfpsS Zo¿L-Zr-jvSn-bp-sSbpw P\-kzm-[o-\-Øn-s‚bpwê-am-bn-´mWv apºv tIm¨Kkpw ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bpw ssIhiw sh®n-



155

cp∂ Xe-t»-cn-˛-h-S-Ic ]m¿e-sa‚ v ko‰p-Iƒ CØ-hW sFIy-I-£n-Iƒ(?) ]nSn-s®-Sp-Ø-Xv. (_m-^JnXßƒ kvamcI KŸw 1973,Fkv.-sI. s]m‰-°m-´v)

sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ hnP-bn-®-Xn\v tijw _m-^JnXßtfmSv\µn ]d-bm≥ kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-tbm-sSm∏w s]m‰-°m´v _m-^JnXßfpsS hk-Xn-bn-se-Øn. ""Rm≥ F¥mWv ]Icw sNtø-≠Xv''

s]m‰-°m´v Xß-tfmSv tNmZn-®p.]m¿´n ≠n-te°v h√ kw`m-h-\bpw Xtc-≠-Xpt≠m F∂m-

bn-cp∂p At±lw Dt±-in-®-Xv. Aß-s\-bm-Wt√m \m´p-\-S-∏v. _m-^JnXßƒ Ipep-ßn-®n-cn-®p. At±lw Fkv.-sI-tbmSv ]d™p:˛

""s]m‰-°m-´ns\ t]mep-≈-h-cpsS \√ a\ pw kt¥m-j-hp-amWv Rßƒ°v th≠-Xv. AXn¬]cw as‰mcp kw`m-h-\-bp-an-√.''±At∏mƒ kn.-F®v CS-s]´v as‰m∂v IqSn ]d-™p. ""Rßƒ°vth≠n ]m¿e-sa‚n-s‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ s]m‰-°m´v Hcp t\mh-se-gp-X-Ww, F∂n´v AXv NµnI BgvN-∏-Xn-∏n\v Xcn-Ibpw thWw.''-F-kv.-sI. AXv kΩ-Xn-®p. hm°v ]men-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXv ]ImcwAt±lw Fgp-Xnb t\mh-em-Wv kp]-kn-≤-amb "t\m¿Øv Ah\yq.'

sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-te°v aS-ßmw. 1962˛se ]m¿e-sa‚ v sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ G‰hpw henb A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£n-Isf t]mepw A¤p-X-s∏-SpØnsIm≠v tImgn-t°mSv temIvk`m ko‰n¬ kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImbhnP-bn-®p. Ign™ (1957) sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ alm-\mb sI.-Fw koXnkmln_v ]n.-F-kv.]nbpsS klm-b-tØmsS a’-cn®v ]cm-P-b-s∏´ko‰n-emWv At±-l-Øns‚ injy≥ Bcp-sSbpw klm-b-an-√msX H‰°va’-cn®v hnP-bn®v sh∂n-s°mSn ]d-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B kt¥mjw]¶n-Sm≥ koXn kmln_v C√t√m F∂ Zp:Jw amXw Ah-ti-jn-®p.

at©-cn-bn¬ Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_pw hnP-bn-®p.kJy-Øn-eqsS a’-cn-®-t∏mƒ ]m¿e-sa‚n¬ eoKn\v Hcp ko‰v

amXw.kJy-an-√msX H‰°v a’-cn-®-t∏mƒ eoKn\v c≠v ko‰p-Iƒ.tIm¨K-kn\v kzmX¥y e_v[n°v tijw G¬t°≠n h∂

Xncn-®-Sn-I-fn-sem-∂m-bn-cp∂p Cu sXc-s™-Sp∏v ew. _m- JnXßƒ]d™p:˛ ""Xß-fpsS Bflm- n-am-\-sØ-bmWv tIm¨Kkv apdn-th¬∏n-®-Xv. _me-‰n-eqsS Rßƒ AXn\v adp-]Sn ]d™p.''

temIvk`m AwK-am-b-Xns\ XpS¿∂v kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb\nb-a-k`m AwKXzw cmPn-sh®p. AXns‚ e-ambn Xm\q¿ Akwªnafie-Øn¬ D]sX-c-s™-Sp∏v ]Jym-]n-®p. apkvenw eoKpw tIm¨K-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

156157

kv-˛ -]n. -F-kv. -]n. kJyhpw IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ńbpw sht∆sdÿm\m¿∞n-Isf \n¿Øn a’-cn-®p. XntImW a’-cw. apkvenweoKnse tUm. kn.-Fw. Ipń, hºn® `qcn-]-£-tØmsS hnP-bn-®p.tIm¨K-knepw ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bnepw A`y-¥c hg-°p-Iƒ ho≠pw i‡-am-bn. ]´-Øn-s\-Xnsc ho≠pw i¶¿ cwKØv h∂p. At±lwtIm¨Kkv ]kn-U≠v Un. kRvPoh-ø°v ] -Øn-s\-Xnsc At\IwBtcm-]-W-ßƒ DXn¿Øps°m≠v Hcp IsØ-gp-Xn. At±lw hntam-N-\-k-ac ImeØv C.-Fw. Fkn-s\-Xn-cmbn Cµn-cm-Km-‘n°v FgpXnAb® Ip‰ ]X-Øns‚ X\n-bm-h¿Ø\w. ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bnepw n∂-X°vIpd-shm∂pw D≠m-bn-√. Htc ka-bØv ]m¿ń sNb¿am≥ ]Z-hnbpwapJy-a¥n ]Z-hnbpw Hcmƒ sh®p sIm≠n-cn-°m≥ ]mSn√ F∂v ]n.-sI. Ip™v, hn.-kn. h¿Ko-kv, kn.-Pn. P\m¿±-\≥ apX-emb t\Xm-°ƒ Bh-iy-ap-∂-bn-®p. ]´w hg-ßn-bn-√. hg-ßp-sa∂v Bcpw Icp-Xn-b-Xp-an-√. ]´-Øns‚ hew-I-ømb ]n.-sI. Ip™p-ambn kulm¿±w\jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-emWv AXv sNs∂-Øn-b-Xv.

a¥n-k-`-bn¬ Xs∂ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm-Ø-Xn-ep≈ ]cn-`hwIp™ns‚ a\- n¬ t\csØ Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. am¿®v 13˛mw XnøXn]Ø-\w-Xn-´-bn¬ Hcp s]mXptbmK-Øn¬ ]kw-Kn® ]n.-sI. Ip™vXs‚ Zp:Jw ]d-™p-h-∂Xv Cß-s\-bmWv:˛

""Rms\mcp apkvenw kvXobpsS hb-‰n¬ P\n®p t]mbXpsIm≠pw Fs‚ ]nXmhv Hcp apkvenw BbXp sIm≠p-amWv Rm≥Ct∏m-gsØ a¥n-k-`-bn¬ C√msX t]mb-Xv.'' tIm¨Kkv t\Xr-Xz-hp-ambpw a∂Øv ]fl-\m-`-\p-ambpw Ip™n\v kzc-t®¿®-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. PmXn-kv]¿[-bmWv Xm≥ a¥n-bm-Im-Xn-cn-°m≥ Imc-W-sa∂vIp™v kmln_v hni-Zo-I-cn-®p. hWnX lrZ-b-\mb At±lw ]d-™p. ""F\n°v Fs‚ kap-Zm-b-sØ-°mƒ hep-Xmbn H∂p-an-√.'' Cu]kw-K-Øns‚ t]cn¬ ]n.-F-kv.-]n. kwÿm\ IΩn‰n ]n.-sI.Ip™ns‚ t]cn¬ A®-S° \S-]Sn kzoI-cn-®p. (tI-cfw Im¬ \q‰m-≠v-˛-sN-dn-bm≥ ^nen-∏v)

B¿. i¶-dns‚ IØv Inń-b-Xns‚ ]n∂mse tIm¨Kkvssl°-am‚ v Hcp ]mt°Pv ]≤-Xn-bp-ambn X¥-im-en-bmb t\Xmhvem¬_-l-Zq¿ imkvXnsb Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-tØ°v Ab-®p. Bscbpw]mń-em-°p∂ Nncn-bp-ambn A©Sn amXw Db-c-ap≈ B Ipdnb a\p-jy≥ ssl°-am‚ns‚ ZuXy-hp-ta¥n apJy-a-¥n-bpsS hk-Xn-bn¬sh®v ]´-hp-ambn Zo¿L-t\cw N¿®-bm-cw-`n-®p. klm-bn-I-fn-√msXAS®p ]qńb apdn-bn¬ sh®m-bn-cp∂p N¿®-Iƒ. imkvXn-bpsS a\-



157

n-ep≈ \n¿tZiw ]´-Øns‚ ap∂n¬ sh°m≥ kml-kn-I-\mbHcmƒt° Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. ImcWw CXv ]´w XmWp-]n-≈-bm-Wv. ]≠v, kvIqfn¬ ]Tn-°p∂ ImeØv ISØp tXmWn°v sImSp-°m≥ Iøn¬ Imin-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ KwKm-\Zn apdn®v \o¥n-I-S∂ em¬_l-Zqdn\v ]´-Øns\ t\cn-Sm-\p≈ IcpØpw kml-kn-I-X-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. imkvXn kwkm-cn®p:˛ ""k¿ Aß-bpsS tkh\w cmjvS-Øn\v Bh-iy-ap-≠v. Aßv tIc-f-Øn¬ amXw Ccp-∂m¬ t]mcm.Aßsb ]iv\ kwÿm-\-amb ]©m-_n¬ Kh¿W¿ B°-W-sa∂vRßƒ BK-ln-°p-∂p. Zb-hmbn Xm¶ƒ B ]Zhn kzoI-cn-°-Ww.''

]´w sR´n-t∏mtbm? Hcn-°-ep-an-√. ]s£ B Hm^¿ At±-l-Øn\v CjvS-am-bn-√. apJy-a¥n ÿm\w hns´m-gn-bp-∂Xv At±-l-Øn\v ANn-¥y-am-bn-cp-∂p. imkvXn Hcp Imcyw IqSn Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. ""Kh¿W¿ ÿm\w kzoI-cn-®mepw Cs√-¶nepw Aßv apJy-a¥n ÿm\w Hgn-b-Ww. CXv ][m-\-a-¥n-bpsS Xocp-am-\-am-Wv.''

]´w hnb¿Øp t]mbn. imkvXn-bpsS kzc-Øn¬ ojWn hmbn-s®-Sp-°m-\p≈ cmjvSob ]cn-Nbw ] -Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. ]´w ]ns∂ Xma-kn-®n-√. At±lw imkvXn-tbmSv ]d-™p.""icn B Hm^¿ Rm≥ kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.'' Aßs\ ]d-bp-∂-Xn\vapºv At±lw ]n.-F-kv.-]n-bnse Xs‚ kl-]-h¿Ø-I-∑m-tcmSv Hcp hm°vt]mepw Btem-Nn-®n-√. ] -Øn\v Aß-s\-sbmcp ]Xnhv ]t≠ C√-t√m. s]m∂Ω So®¿ t]mepw Adn-bp-∂Xv ]Xw hgn-bm-Wv. ] -Øns‚Htc Hcp Zu¿_-ey-am-bn-cp-∂p-ht√m s]m∂Ω So®¿. hf-≠n-b¿am¿°v`£-W-s∏m-Xn-bp-ambn, shSn-sh-°m≥ Im©n hen®p \n¬°p∂ t]meo-kp-Im-cpsS IÆv sh´n®p sIm≠v A¿[-cm-Xn-bn¬ thº-\m v Imb¬\o¥n-°-S-°p-tºmgpw kn.-]n-bpsS ]´mfw th -bm-Sn-b-t∏mgpw Xncp-hn-Xm-cw-Iq-dnepw tIc-f-Ønepw apJy-a-¥n-bm-b-t∏m-gpw H∂p-a-dn-bmsX ] -Øns‚ km¥z-\hpw kam-[m-\-hp-ambn At±-l-Øns‚ Zp:Jßƒ ]¶n-s -SpØ ]nb ]Xv\n s]m∂Ω So®¿. Ah¿ A∂pw ]Xn-hp-t]mseIpSbpw k©n-bp-ambn kvIqfn¬ t]mbn-cp∂p; ]n≈msc ]Tn-∏n-°m≥˛ap-Jy-a-¥n-bpsS mcy-sb∂ ]Xm-skm-∂p-an-√msX \njvI-f-¶bpw kmXzn-I-bp-amb ho -Ω-bm-bn.

GXm-bmepw ]´w Kh¿W-dmbn ]©m-_n-te°v t]mbn. B¿.i¶¿ apJy-a-¥n-bm-bn. tIc-f-Ønse H∂m-asØ apJy-a¥n _m“-W\pw c≠m-asØ apJy-a¥n \mb-cp-am-b-Xn-\m¬ aq∂m-asØ apJy-a¥n Cug-h-\m-hp-I-sb∂ Imhy-\o-Xn-bm-Wn-hnsS ]pe¿∂-Xv.

]s£ A¬∏m-bp- mWv i¶¿ a¥n-k- -°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. 1962


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

158159

HIvtSm-_¿ 16˛mw XnøXn aZn-cm-in-bn¬ tN¿∂ ]n.-F-kv.-]n. \mj-W¬ FIvkn-Iyq-´ohv "tIc-f-Ønse Iq´p-I£n a¥n-k-`-bn¬ \n∂pw]n.-F-kv.-]n. amtd≠ ka-b-am-bn-cn-°p∂p'F∂v Xocp-am-\n®p. ]n.-F-kv.]n a¥n-am-cmb Un. Zmtam-Z-c≥ t]m‰n-bp-sSbpw sI. Nµ-ti-J-c-s‚bpw cmPn-bm-bn-cp∂p AXns‚ A\-¥-c-^-ew.

]n.-F-kv.-]n. ]n≥hm-ßn-bn´pw tIm¨Kkv H‰°v Xs∂ `qcn-]£w D≠m-b-Xn-\m¬ i¶¿ Kh¨sa‚ v XpS¿∂p. B`y-¥-c-a¥n ]n.-Sn. Nmt°mbpw apJy-a-¥nbpw XΩ-nep≈ A`n-]mb hyXymkw ]iv\-ßƒ°v XpS-°-an- p. ]o®n kw`hw F∂ t]cn¬ Ip]-kn-≤-amb HcpA]-hmZ IY-bn¬ ]n.-Sn. Nmt°m \mb-I-\m-bn. tIm¨K-kn-\p-≈nseKq∏v cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ _en arK-hp-am-bn-cp∂p Nmt°m. ]iv\w aq¿®n-®-t∏mƒ ""Nmt°m-bn¬ X\n°v hnizmkw \jvS-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.'' F∂vi¶¿ ]kvXm-hn-®p. Nmt°m a¥nÿm\w cmPn-sh-®p. A¬] Znh-k-Øn\v tijw ae-_m-dn¬ Hcp kzImcy kµ¿i-\-Øn\v t]mb ]n.-Sn.Nmt°m AhnsS sh®v lrZb kvXw`\w aqew acn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

]n.-Sn. Nmt°m-bpsS acWw tIm¨Kkv cmjvSo-bsØ Ipg-®p-a-dn-®p. tIm¨K-knse InkvXy≥ tem_n tcmjm-Ip-e-cm-bn. B¿._me-IrjvW ]n≈, sI. B¿ kc-kzXn AΩ F∂n-h-c-S°w 15 Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ i¶-dn-s\-Xn-cm-bn.

]n.-sI. Ip™v i¶¿ Kh¨sa‚n-s\-Xnsc Ahn-izmk ]ta-b-Øn\v t\m´okv sImSp-Øp. sI.-kn. tPm¨ ]d-™Xv t]mse ""Xm≥A]-Xn-ln-X-\m-sW∂ i¶-dpsS hnizm-ksØ hn[n sX‰n®p If-™p.\nb-a-k-`-bpsS ASpØ ktΩ-f\w Bcw-`n-®-t∏mƒ ]n.-F-kv.-]n.t\Xmhv ]n.-sI. Ip™p sIm≠p-h∂ Hcp Ahn-izmk ]tabw D≠m-bn-cp∂p. 15 Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ tIm¨Kkv hnSm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂Xn\vapºm-bn-cp∂p AXv. AXv sIm≠v Ahn-izmk ]tabw ]mkm-Ip-sa-∂p≈ bmsXmcp [mc-Wbpw Ip™n-\n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. 15 Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿sX‰n-∏n-cn-bp-∂-Xns‚ Xte-Zn-hkw IqSnbpw AXv kw`-hn-°p-I-bn√F∂v i¶¿ ZrV-ambn hniz-kn-®n-cp∂p.''2

]n. -F-kv. -]nbpw apkvenw eoKpw 15 tIm¨Kkv Fw.-F¬.Famcpw Ahn-izmk ]ta-b-Øn\v A\p-Iq-e-ambn th´v sNbvX-t∏mƒ i¶¿ a¥n-k` Xmsg hoWp. i¶¿ cmPn-sh-®p.

tIc-f-Øn¬ ho≠pw cmjvS-]Xn `c-Ww.

1. kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb cmjvSob Poh Ncn-Xw, Fw.-kn.

2. tIcf cmjvSobw Hcp Akw-_‘ \mS-Iw-˛-sI.-kn. tPm¨,

t]Pv 415



159

13

Nne ho´p-hn-ti-j-ßƒ IqSn

ae-_m-dnse apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ c≠v]fin-X-k-`-I-fp-≠v. H∂v, 1924˛¬ ÿm]n-X-amb tIcf PwC-ø-Øp¬De-a. "apkvenw sFIy--kwL'Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-tfm-sSm∏whf¿∂p h∂ Deam kwL-S-\-bm-Wn-Xv. ]n¬°m-eØv Cu kwL-S-\-bn¬ \n∂v A`n-]mb hyXymkw aqew ]pd-Øp-t]mb ]fin-X-∑m¿ ]tc-X-\mb hc-°¬ ap√t°mb Xß-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ cq]o-I-cn® as‰mcp kwL-S-\-bmWv kakvX tIcf PwC-ø-Øp¬ De-a.1926 emWv CXns‚ P\-\w.

tIcf PwC-ø-Øp¬ Dea DXv]-XnjvWp hn`m-K-ß-sfbpwkakvX tIcf PwC-ø-Øp¬ Deam bmYm-ÿnI hn`m-K-ß-sfbpw ]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-∂p-sh-∂mWv \ne-hn-ep≈ kmam\y k¶¬]w. (]n¬Im-eØv Cu c≠p kwL-S-\-Ifpw ]nf¿∏n\v hnt[-b-am-hp-I-bp-≠m-bn.)

tIcf PwC-ø-Øp¬ De-a-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy-Ønep≈ "_lp-P\' kwL-S-\-bmWv \Zvh-Øp¬ apPm-ln-Zo≥. B kwL-S-\-bpsS AwK-ßsf s]mXp-hn¬ "apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ' F∂p hnfn-°p-∂p. ]Xn-s\´mw \q‰m-≠nse hnipX Ckvem-anI Nn¥-I\pw hnπ-h-Im-cn-bp-amb ssiJv apl-ΩZv _n≥ A_vZp¬ hlm-_ns‚ Bi-b-ß-fpsS A\p-I¿Øm-°-fm-b-Xn-\m¬ apPm-ln-Zp-Isf "hlm-_n-Iƒ' F∂pw hnfn®p hcp-∂p-≠v.Ckvem-anI temIØv hºn® ]Nmcw kn≤n® Cu Bi-b-K-Xnsbke^o ]ÿm-\w, Ckvemln ]ÿm-\w, Alvse lZokv F∂ot]cp-I-fn-se√mw hnhn[ cmPy-ß-fn¬ hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. kakvXtIcf PwC-ø-Øp¬ De-a-bpsS t\XrXzw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-hsc kp∂n-Iƒ F∂mWv hnfn-°m-dv. F∂m¬ tIc-f-Øn\v ]pdØv temI-sØ√mbnSØpw inbm-°-f√mØ F√m apkvenwIsfbpw kp∂n-IƒF∂mWv hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Aßs\ t\m°p-tºmƒ tIc-f-ØnseapPm-ln-Zp-Ifpw BtKmf kp∂o-k-aq-l-Øns‚ `mKw Xs∂-bm-Wv.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

160

_m-^JnXßƒ kp∂o hn`m-K-Øn¬ s]Sp∂p F∂v amX-a√ kp∂n-I-fpsS i‡n tkmX- p-amWv At±-lw. kakvX tIcfPwC-ø-Øp¬ De-a-bpsS ÿm]-I-\mb hc-°¬ ap√-t°mb Xßƒ_m- JnXßfpsS AΩm-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ka-kvX-bpsS Bcw- -Im-eØpXs∂ _m- JnXßƒ°v B ]ÿm-\-hp-ambn ASpØv _‘-s∏-Sm≥Ign-™p. 1932˛¬ \ncym-X-\mb "kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _n≥ apl-ΩZv _n≥ Aehn' F∂ hc-°¬ ap√-t°mb Xßƒ tijvT-\mb]fin-X\pw B⁄m-i-‡n-bp≈ t\Xm-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. IÆq¿ Ad-°¬cmPm-hns‚ Iogn¬ Db¿∂ DtZym-K-ÿ-\mb At±-l-Øn\v hnhn[`mj-I-fn¬ Ah-Kmlw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

""A∂v ap√-t°mb Xßƒ ]pXn-b-ßm-Sn-bn¬ \n∂v IpXn-c-∏p-d-Øm-bn-cp∂p IÆq-cn-te°v t]mIm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. hgn \osfap√t°mb-X-ßƒ°v Zml-i-a\w hcp-Øp∂-Xn\v Cf-\o¿ hen-°m≥Hmtcm sXßv A°m-eØv IÆq¿ cmPmhv G¿∏mSv sNbvXn-cp-∂p. cWImcy-Øn¬ IÆq¿ cmPm-hn\v D]-tZiw \¬Ip-I, C¥y-°-IØpw ]pd-Øp-ap≈ apkvenw cmPm-°-∑m-cp-ambn Ad-_n, t]¿jy≥, DdpZp F∂o`mj-I-fn¬ Fgp-Øp-Ip-Øp-Iƒ \S-ØpI XpS-ßnb I\Ø Npa-X-e-I-fm-bn-cp∂p ap√-t°mb Xß-fn¬ IÆq¿ cmPmhv A¿∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv."ae-_m¿ am\z¬' F∂ KŸ-Øns‚ I¿Ømhmb temK≥ ap√-t°m-b-X-ß-fpsS ASpØ kplr-Øm-bn-cp-∂p.'' (Fw. Ben-°p-™n)

hc-°¬ ap√-t°mb Xß-sf∂ ]K-¤-a-Xn-bmb AΩm-h-\n-eqsS _m-^JnXßƒ°v ka-kvX-bpsS A¥:]pc-ß-fn-te°v A\m-bm-tk\ IS∂p sN√m-\p≈ hgn-sX-fn-™p.

ka-kvX-bpsS Hcp ]apJ ]h¿Ø-I\pw Poh-\-°m-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂p ]tc-X-\mb Sn.-Fw.-Ip-™n-aqk Cßs\ Fgp-Xp∂p:˛

""HutZym-Kn-I-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v apºv Xs∂ P\m_vXßƒ ka-kvX-bpsS ]h¿ØI kanXn tbmK-ß-fn¬ kw_-‘n-®n-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Øn¬ Hcp-∂X \ne-hm-c-Øn-ep≈ Zdkv thW-sa∂v1945˛¬ FS-cn-t°mSv tN¿∂ kakvX apim-hd Xocp-am-\n-®n-cp-∂p. hmg-°m-Sp≈ Zmdp¬ Deqw ka-kvX-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Ønembm¬ B ÿm]-\sØ Db¿Øn-s°m-≠p-h-cm-sa∂pw Xocp-am-\n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cuhnjbw tImtfPv A[n-Ir-X-cp-ambn kwkm-cn-°m≥ P\m_v Xß-fpsSt\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ Hcp k_vI-Ωn-‰nsb kakvX \ntbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p.

""1949 sk]vXw-_¿ H∂mw XnøXn tImg-nt°mSv apXm-°c]≈n-bn¬ tN¿∂ apim-h-d-bn¬ Xßƒ B[y£w hln-®p. a¿lqwapl-ΩZv A_vZp¬ _mcn, sI.-]n.-F apl-vb-±o≥ Ip´n apkveym¿ (]-d-

161



161

h-Æ) F∂o ]fin-X-∑m¿ bYm-Iaw A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]n¥m-ßp-Ibpw sNbvX-X-\p-k-cn-®mWv B tbmK-Øn¬ At±lw A[y-£-ÿm\w kzoI-cn-®-Xv. B Ime-sØm∂pw Xs∂ P\m_v Xßƒka-kvX-bn¬ saº-dm-bn-cp-∂n-√.

""kvIqfn¬ \n∂pw aX-hn-Zym-`ymkw \njvIm-kn-X-am-hp-Ibpwa‰p kap-Zm-b-ßsf Ipdn-®p≈ ]T\w NnX-I-Y-I-fmbn ]n≥hm-Xn-en¬IqSn ]th-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ C∆n-j-b-I-ambn Nn¥n-°m≥kakvX \n¿_-‘n-X-am-bn. CXn\v as‰m∂v IqSn Imc-Wam-bn-cp-∂p.kvIqfn¬ aX-]-T-\-Øn-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn®p hcp∂ ]pkvX-I-ßƒ ka-kvX-bpsS BZ¿i-Øn-s\mØv cNn-°p-hm\pw AXv Kh¨sa‚ns\sIm≠v AwKo-I-cn®v kakvX apJm-¥cw hnX-cWw sNøp-hm\pw ao©-¥-bn¬ tN¿∂ apim-hd tbmKw Xocp-am-\n-®n-cp-∂p. ]pXnb Np‰p-]m-Sn¬ aX-hn-Zym-`ym-k-Øns‚ t\XrXzw kakvX t\cn´v Gs‰-Sp-°-W-sa-∂mWv Xocp-am-\n-®-Xv. [oc-amb Cu Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ P\m_vXßƒ Bbn-cp∂p G‰hpw henb ]tNm-Z\w \¬In-b-Xv.

Cu Xocp-am-\-Øn\v hy‡-amb cq]w \¬In-bXv 1951 am¿®v23, 24, 25 Xnø-Xn-I-fn¬ hS-Ic sh®v tN¿∂ ka-kvX-bpsS ]sØm-º-Xm-aXv hm¿jnI ktΩ-f-\-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. C¥y-bpsS hnhn[ mK-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]i-kvX-cmb ]fin-Xcpw kmZm-Øp-Ifpw kw_-‘n® CuktΩ-f\w hS-I-c-bpsS Ncn-X-Øn-se∂ t]mse ka-kvX-bpsS Ncn-X-Ønepw Xpey-X-bn-√m-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ kzmK-X-kwLw skI-´dn a¿lqw F≥.-]n. Ip™map kmln-_m-bn-cp-∂p.Hcp L´-Øn¬ tÃ‰v eoKns‚ sshkv ]kn-U≠v IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂pAt±-lw. P\m_v _m-^JnXßƒ Hcp hf-≠n-b-dpsS tkh\ k∂-≤-X-tbm-sS-bmWv t\XrXzw \¬In-b-Xv. Cu ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ sh®mWvhnZym-`ymk t_m¿Uv cq]o-Ir-X-am-b-Xv.' (Sn.-Fw. Ip™n-Ωq-k, _m-^JnXßƒ kvamcI KŸw, 1973)

]kn≤ ]fin-X\mb sI.-Sn. am\p apkven-bm¿ Fgp-Xp-∂p.""]mY-anI aX-]-T\ cwKØv aX-]-fin-X-∑m¿ i≤ ]Xn-∏n-

°-W-sa∂pw Bh-iy-amb ]mTy-]-≤-Xnbpw ]mT-]p-kvX-I-ßfpw Xøm¿sNbvXv Hcp GIo-IrX cq]hpw imkvXob `mhhpw \¬I-W-sa∂pwa¿lqw kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m- JnXßsf t]mse-bp≈ Zo¿L-Zr-°p-Iƒ apºv Xs∂ Bh-iy-s∏-´n-cp-∂p..... 1951˛¬ hS-Ic tN¿∂ka-kvX-bpsS ]sØm-ºXmw hm¿jnI ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ kakvXtIcf Ckvemw aX hnZym-`ymk t_m¿Uv cq]o-I-cn-°-s∏-´p.'

F∂m¬ tUm. _lm-Dp±o≥ \Zvhn (Iq-cn-bm-Sv) Hcp teJ-\-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

162163

Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv ""1951 BKÃv 17˛mw XnøXn ka-kvX-bpsSapim-hd tbmKw hmf-°p-fØv tNcp-Ibpw tIc-f-Ønse ]mY-anI hnZym-e-b-ßƒ°v sFIy-cq]w \¬In hyh-ÿm-]n-X-ambn \S-Øp-∂-Xn\vkakvX tIcf Ckvemw aX hnZym-`ymk t_m¿Uv cq]o-I-cn-°p-IbpwsNbvX-t∏mƒ _m-^JnXßƒ AXns‚ JPm-©n-bmbn sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp'' F∂m-Wv.

hS-I-c-bn¬ sh®v 1951 am¿®v amk-Øn¬ Ckvemw aX hnZym-`ymk t_m¿Uv cq]o-I-cn®p F∂v Sn.-Fw. Ip™n-aq-kbpw sI.-Sn. am\papkven-bmcpw ]d-bp-tºmƒ 1951 BKÃv 17˛mw XnøXn hmf-°p-fØvsh®mWv t_m¿Uns‚ cq]o-I-cWw \S-∂-sX∂v tUm. _lm-D-±o≥\Zvhnbpw ]d-bp-∂-Xn-ep≈ sshcp[yw ]I-S-am-Wv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬kw`-hn-®Xv CXm-Wv. ˛ 1951 am¿®v amk-Øn¬ hS-Ic sh®v kakvXtIcf Ckvemw aX hnZym-`ymk t_m¿Uv cq]o-I-cn-°m-\p≈ Bibwcq]-s∏- p. AXn-\p≈ ]mcw` \S-]-Sn-Iƒ XpS-ßn-sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.]n∂oSv 1951 BKÃv amk-Øn¬ hmf-°p-fØv sh®v ]kvXpX t_m¿Uvcq]o-I-cWhpw `mc-hm-ln-Isf sXc-s™-Sp-°epw Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn\S-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

a¿lpw Ab-\n-°mSv C_mlnw apkveym-cmbn-cp∂p kakvXtIcf Ckvemw aX hnZym-`ymk t_m¿Uns‚ BZysØ ]kn-U-≠v._m-^JnXßƒ AXns‚ BPo-h-\m¥ JPm-©n-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hº-Xn-\m-bn-c-tØmfw ]mYanI aZ-k-Ifpw At\Iw Ad_n tImtf-Pp-Ifpw t_m¿UnwKv aZ-k-Ifpw apA√nw ]cn-io-e\ tIµ-ßfpw \S-Øp∂ tIc-f-Ønse G‰hpw henb aX-hn-Zym-`ymk GP≥kn-bmWvkakvX tIcf Ckvemw aX-hn-Zym- ymk t_m¿Uv. _m- JnXßfpsSDu¿÷-kz-e-amb CS-s]-S-ep-Ifpw A£o-W-amb ]b-Xv\-ß-fp-amWvCu hnZym-`ymk kwLsØ Akq-bm-h-l-amb hf¿®-bn-se-Øn-®-Xv. At±lw AwK-am-Ip∂ F√m kwL-S-\-Ifpw kPo-h-am-bn-cn°pw.\njvIn-b-cm-bn-cn-°m≥ At±lw Bscbpw A\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bn√ F∂-XmWv bmYm¿∞yw.

sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ Hcp aX-]-kwK ]c-ºc kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-IbpwB ]kwK thZn-b-n¬ \n∂v timXm-°-tfmSv ]Ww ]ncn-∏n-°p-IbpwsNbvXv sIm≠mWv _m-^JnXßƒ Ckvemw aX hnZym-`ymkt_m¿Uns‚ ]mcw` ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°m-h-iy-amb aqe-[\w Is≠-Øn-bXv. HcmgvN sIm≠v 1500 Ddp-∏nI At±lw tiJ-cn-®p. A∂sØÿnXn°v \n›-b-ambpw AsXmcp henb kwJy Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

kakvX tIcf PwC-ø-Øp¬ Dea F∂ ]finX-k-`-bpsS



163

D∂-X-k-an-Xn-bmWv apim-h-d. Nne ]tXyI KŸ-ß-fn¬ Ah-Kmlwt\Snb 40 AXn-]-K-¤-cmb ]fin-X-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p apim-h-d-bn-te°vsXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-I. ]n∂oSv Cu I¿i-\-amb \n_-‘-\-bn¬ NneCf-hp-Iƒ A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-´p. AX Xs∂ ]mfin-Xy-an-s√-¶nepw aX-]-h¿Ø\ cwKsØ ]ap-J-cmb hy‡n-I-sfbpw apim-h-d-bn-te°vFSp°mw F∂ \ne-h-∂p. B Cf-hns‚ B\p-Iq-ey-Øn-emWv _m-^JnXßƒ ka-kvX-bpsS apim-h-d-bn-te°v sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xv.Hcp ]s£ _m-^JnXßsf a\- n¬ I≠p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°WwkakvX B Cfhv ]Jym-]n-®-Xv.

tIc-f-Øn¬ Ckvemw-aX hnZym- ym-kØn¬ D∂-X-]-T-\-Øn\vkuI-cy-ap≈ Hcp D]-cn-]-T\ tIµw Bcw-`n-°-W-sa∂v 1951˛¬kakvX Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw _m-^JnXßfpsS A[y-£-X-bn¬AXn\p th≠n Hcp IΩn-‰nsb \ntbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. s]cn-¥¬a-Æ-bnse ]´n-°mSv Kma-Øn¬ kønZv \qcnjm Xßfpw At±-l-Øns‚injy-K-W-Øn¬s]´ Nne Bfp-Ifpw AhnsS Hcp D∂X aX-]-T\tIµ-ap-≠m-°m≥ D’m-ln-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \qcn-j-bpsS injy-\mb_m∏p lmPn 60 G°¿ ÿew CXn\p th≠n kw`m-h\ \¬In. Cukw`-hhpw _m-^JnXßfpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ IΩn-‰n-bpsS Xoh-amb ]cn-i-a-ßfpw IqSn-t®¿∂mWv ]kn-≤-amb "PmanA \qcnø Ad-_nø' F∂ Iem-e-b-ap-≠m-b-Xv. AXns‚ hf¿®-bpsS Hmtcm ]S-hnepw_m-^JnXßfpsS hnb¿∏ns‚ kpK‘w D≠v.

tIc-f-Øn¬ _m- JnXßfpsS Ime-L- -Øn-ep-≠mb apkvenw]≈n-I-fp-sS-sb√mw \n¿Ωm-W-Øns‚ ]n∂n¬ _m-^JnXßfpsSZriyhpw AZr-iy-hp-amb Ic-ßƒ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. tImgn-t°ms´]pg-h-°sØ ]≈n At±-l-Øns‚ t\cn-´p≈ ta¬t\m-´-Øn¬ ]WnIgn-∏n-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. kp∂n-Ifpw apPm-ln-Zp-Ifpw XΩn¬ tNcn-Xn-cn™v Ie-ln-°pIbpw A‰-an-√mØ hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-ßƒ \S-Øp-IbpwsNøp-I-sb∂Xv ae-_m-dnse im¥-Po-hn-XsØ iey-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ ]Xn-`m-k-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. \nc¿∞-I-amb X¿°-hn-X¿°-ßƒ\ni-bpsS A¥y-bm-a-ßsf t]mepw i_vZab-am-°p-Ibpw ]e-t∏mgpwIøm-¶fntbmfw IS∂p t]mhp-Ibw sNøpw. ]nt‰-Zn-hkw Ccp-]-£-°mcpw hnPbw Ah-Im-i-s∏´p sIm≠v ]kvXm-h-\-I-fn-d-°p-IbpwsNøpw. F∂m¬ _m-^JnXßƒ hyXy-kvX-\mb Hcp kp∂n Bbn-cp-∂p. kp∂o ]£sØ Xe-sb-Sp-∏p≈ t\Xm-hm-sW-¶nepw hmZ-]-Xn-hmZ taf-Isf At±lw t]m’m-ln-∏n-®n-√. kp∂o hnIm-c-sØ-°m-fp-]cn kap-Zmb sFIy-Øn\v ][m\yw \¬In-b-Xn-\m¬ hmZ-]-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

164165

Xn-hm-Z-ßƒ Hgn-hm-°m-\mWv kp∂n-I-sfbpw apPm-ln-Zp-I-sfbpwAt±lw D]-tZ-in-°mdv. Ahsc√mw cmjvSob cwKØv _m-^JnXßfpsS Dd® A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-am-W-t√m. kp∂o ]fin-X-∑m-scbpw apPm-lnZv ]fin-X-∑m-scbpw At±lw Hcpt]mse BZ-cn-®p.kp∂o hn`m-K-Øns‚ k¿t∆m-∂X ]fin-X-\mb JpXp_n apl-ΩZvapkveym¿ tImgn-t°m´v hcp-tºmƒ _m-^JnXßfpsS amfn-I-ap-dn-bn-em-Wv Xma-kn-°p-I. apPm-lnZv hn`m-K-Øns‚ AXym-Z-c-Wo-b-\mbt\Xmhv sI.-Fw. auehn tImgn-t°m v hcp-tºmgpw _m- JnXßfpsSapdn-bn¬ Xs∂-bmWv Xma-kn-°p-I. c≠v ]fin-X-∑m¿°pw At±lwHmtc-X-c-Øn-ep≈ ]cn-K-W-\bpw ]cn-N-c-Whpw BWv \¬Im-dp-≈-Xv. (B-\p-jw-Kn-I-ambn ]d-b-s´, JpXp-_nbpw sI.-Fw. aue-hnbpwHtc DkvXm-Zn-s‚˛ auem\m Nmen-e-IØv Ip™-l-ΩZv lmPn-˛-in-jy≥am-cm-bn-cp-∂p. _m-^JnXßƒ ]kn-U-≠mb apkvenw eoKns‚sshkv ]kn-U-≠m-bn-cp∂p sI.-Fw. auehn apkvenw eoKns‚ tbmK-ß-fn¬ ]m¿∞\ \S-Øm≥ sI.-Fw. aue-hn-tbm-Sm-Wv _m-^JnXßƒ Bh-iy-s∏-Sm-dv. cmjvSob thZn-I-fn¬ kp∂n-I-sfbpwapPm-ln-Zp-I-sfbpw Hcp Nc-Sn¬ tIm¿Øn-W-°m≥ _m- JnXßfpsSt\Xr-]m-Shw Ipd-s®m-∂p-a√ klm-bn-®-Xv. apPm-lnZv B`n-ap-Jy-ap≈Xncq-c-ßm-Sn-bnse bXow-Jm\ Iymº-knse ]≈n°v Xd-°-√n-Sm≥_m-^JnXßƒ°v Hcp ssha-\-ky-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

""F√m-‰n\pw ]pdsa Id-b‰ Hcp a\pjy kvt\ln-bm-bn-cp∂p_m- JnXßƒ'' CXp ]d-bm≥ hµyhtbm-[n-I-\mb tIm°m v Al-Ω-Zn\v Bbncw \m°p-Iƒ. \o≠ 34 h¿j-°mew _m-^JnXßfpsSklm-bn-bmbn GXm≠v Hcp ss]h‰v skI-´-dnsb t]mse]h¿Øn®v Ht´sd kw`-h-ßƒ°v aqI-km-£n-bmb BfmWvtIm°m´v Al-Ω-Zv. sImbn-em-≠n-°-SpØv Imc-bm´v Kma-Øn¬F¨]-Øn-c-≠m-asØ hb- nepw Btcm-Ky-hm-\mbn kwXr-]vXn-tbmsS Ign-bp∂ At±lw _m-^JnXßfpsS IqsS Pohn® Ime-L-´-Ønse D÷ze kvac-W-Isf ]‰n Zo¿L-t\cw kwkm-cn-®p.1939˛¬ kvIqƒ ss^\¬ ]co£ Ign-™-Xn\v tij-am-Wv tIm°m´vAl-ΩZv _m- JnXßfpsS ÿm]-\-Øn¬ tNcp-∂-Xv. sImbn-em≠nsslkvIq-fnse Ad_n ap≥jn-bm-bn-cp∂ Sn.-]n. apl-ΩZv auehnaptJ-\-bmWv At±lw _m-^JnXßfpsS ap∂n-se-Øn-b-Xv. Sn.-]n.apl-ΩZv aue-hnsb ]‰n apºv Hcp A[ym-b-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v.]pfn-°¬ kztZ-in-bmb auehn Ad-_n, DdpZp `mj-I-fn¬ \√]mfin-Xy-ap≈ Bfpw _m-^JnXßfpsS D‰ kplrØpw Bbn-cp-



165

∂p. sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ B ImeØv Hcp tdUntbm D≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv_m-^JnXßfpsS hoń¬ amX-am-bn-cp-∂p. tdUn-tbm-hn¬ hcp∂Cw•ojv, Ddp-Zp, Ad_n `mj-I-fn-ep≈ hm¿Ø-I-sf√mw _m-^JnXßƒ X’-abw aplΩZv aue-hnsb sIm≠v ]cn- m-j-s∏-SpØna\- n-em-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. inip-k-l-P-amb PnRvPm-k-bm-bn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßƒ°v. Adn-bmØ GsXm-∂ns\ ]‰nbpw BtcmSpw tNmZn®va\- n-em-°pI At±-l-Øns‚ ioe-am-bn-cp-∂p. Acn-°-º-\n-bnse¢m¿°mbn tPmen-bn¬ tN¿∂ tImgnt°m´v Al-ΩZv ItaW _m-^JnXßfpsS hniz-kvX\mb skI-´-dn-bmbn Db¿∂p. I®-h-S-Im-cy-ß-fnepw s]mXp Imcy-ß-fnepw IpSpw-_-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ t]mepw _m-^JnXßsf klm-bn-®p. 34 h¿j-°m-esØ kw`h-_-lp-e-ambkl-hm-k-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ Xß-fn¬ \n∂v A\n-jvS-I-c-amb Hcp A\p-`hhpw At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-ń-√. _m-^JnXßƒ, t\csØ hy‡-am-°n-bXv t]mse kp∂n-I-fpsS t\Xm-hm-sW-¶nepw At±-l-Øns‚apJy klm-bn-bmb tIm°m´v Al-ΩZv apPm-lnZv A\p-`m-hn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-s\m∂pw _m-^JnXßƒ°v bmsXmcp FXn¿∏pw D≠m-bn-√. tIm°m´v Al-ΩZv A°m-eØv knK-c‰p hen-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. _m-^JnXßƒ ]pI-h-en-°m-dn-√. F∂m¬ bmXm thf-I-fn¬ tIm°m´vAl-Ω-Zn-t\mSv "\nßƒ thW-sa-¶n¬ knK-c‰p hen-t®mfq' F∂vXßƒ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. "Rm\p-s≠∂v sh®v knK-c‰p hen-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-sbm∂pw th≠. \nßƒ°v thW-sa-¶n¬ hen-°mw.'- Hm-Sn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Imdn¬ sh®v t]mepw _m- JnXßƒ Al-Ω-Zns\ knK-c‰v hen-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

F√m \∑-I-sfbpw CjvS-s∏´ BfmWv _m- JnXßƒ. a\p-jys‚ bmX-\-Ifpw Zp:Jßfpw ImWp-tºmƒ ]X-dn-t∏m-hp∂ Hcp a\- m-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øn-t‚-Xv. \mń¬ hkqcn h∂-t∏mgpw tImfd h∂-t∏mgpw Poh≥ ]W-bw-sh®v sIm≠v cm∏-I-en-√msX tcmKw _m[n®hoSp-I-fn¬ Ib-dn-s®∂v acp∂pw `£-Whpw \¬Im\pw Bizm-k-hm-°p-Iƒ sNmcn-bm\pw At±-l-Øn\v ss[cyw ]I¿∂Xv B a\- n¬IpSn-sIm-≈p∂ \n¿Ω-e-amb a\p-jy-kvt\lw amX-am-Wv. A°m-eØv_olm-dn¬ Iq´-s°m-e°v hnt[-b-cmb ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS IpSpw-_-ßƒ°v th≠n k¿t∆¥ym apkvenw eoKv Blzm\w sNbvX_olm¿ dneo^v ^≠n-te°v [\w tiJ-cn-°m≥ XS-n-a-d∂p sIm≠vAt±lw ]h¿Øn-®Xpw B kl-Pm-h-t_m-[-Øns‚ Xnc-X-√¬sIm≠-tX.

1942˛¬ _m-^JnXßƒ tImgn-t°mSv ap\n-kn-∏¬ Iu¨kn-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

166167

en-te°v t\man-t\‰v sNø-s∏´ hnhcw ap≥ A[ym-b-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠v. F∂m¬ AXn\pw A©v sIm√w apºv (AtXm aq∂v sIm√waptºm) tImgn-t°mSv B¿.-Un.-H. dmhp _l-Zq¿ A∏p, _m- JnXßsfA∂sØ ap\n-kn-∏¬ Iu¨kn-en-te°v t\man-t\‰v sNøm≥ \n¿tZ-in-®n-cp-∂p. ]s£ B \n¿tZiw _m- JnXßƒ kzoI-cn-®n-√. (sh≈n-bmgvN Znhkw ]≈n-I-fn¬ \S-°p∂ Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb ]kwKw AYhm"JpXp_' Ad_n mj-bn¬ thmWtam A√ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ aXntbmF∂Xv kp∂n-Iƒ°pw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ°pw CS-bnse Hcp X¿°-hn-j-b-am-Wv. JpXp_ Bcm-[-\-bpsS `mK-am-sW∂pw AXn-\m¬ Ad-_n-bn¬ Xs∂ thW-sa∂pw kp∂n-Iƒ iTn-°p-tºmƒ AXv ae-bm-fØn-em-°p-∂-XmWv DØ-a-sa∂pw timXm-°ƒ°v Fs¥-¶nepw [¿tΩm-]-tZiw e`n-°-emWv JpXp-_-bpsS Dt±-i-sa∂Xv sIm≠v AXv amXr-`m-j-bn¬ Xs∂ thW-sa∂v apPm-lnZv hn`m-Khpw ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m¬_m- JnXßƒ hy‡n-]-c-ambn JpXp_ ae-bmf mj-bn-em-°p-∂-Xn\vA\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v tIm°m v Al-ΩZv ]d-bp-∂p. ka-kvX-bpsStbmK-Øn\v t]mIp-tºmƒ ]e-t∏mgpw _m- JnXßƒ Al-Ω-Zn-t\mSv]d-bpw. ""Al-ΩtZ, JpXp_ ae-bm-f-Øn-em-°p-∂-Xns\ FXn¿t°≠F∂ ]tabw C∂v Rm≥ Ah-sc-s°m≠v ]m m-°n-°pw.''µ]s£AXv km[n-°msX Xncn-®p-h-cp-tºmƒ Al-ΩZv tNmZn-°pw. ""XßsfJpXp-_-bpsS Imcy-sa-¥mbn?''µ_m- JnXßƒ µNncn-®p-sIm≠v ]d-bpw˛ ""FtSm AXv ae-bm-f-Øn-em-°m≥ ]mSn√ F∂mWv Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Rms\¥v sNøpw?'')µ

kp∂o-˛-ap-Pm-lnZv X¿°w sImSp-ºncn sIm≈p∂ Hcp Znhkw]≈n-I-fn¬ kp∂n-I-fmb Cam-ap-amsc ]n¥p-S-cm≥ apPm-ln-Zp-Ifpw apPm-ln-Zp-I-fmb Cam-ap-amsc ]¥p-S-cm≥ kp∂n-Ifpw Xøm-dm-hm-Øn-S-tØmfw ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ hj-fm-bn. B Znhkw _m-^JnXßƒ ]q\q-cn-te°v t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B¿. ac-°m¿ lmPnsb ImW-emWve£yw. _m- JnXßfpsS Im¿ _mep-t»-cn°pw \∑-≠°pw CS-s°-Øn-b-t∏mƒ aKvcn_v \nkvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ ka-b-am-bn. Hcp ]≈n-bpsSapºn¬ Im¿ \n¿Øn. AsXmcp apPm-lnZv ]≈n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. _m-^JnXßsf I≠-t∏mƒ B ]≈n-bnse Camw ]m¿∞-\°v t\XrXzwsImSp-°m≥ BZ-c-]q¿∆w Xß-tfmSv A`y¿∞n-®p. kp∂o t\Xm-hns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ apPm-lnZv ]≈n-bn¬ \nkvIm-cw. ]s£ _m-^JnXßƒ AXv sNbvXn√. At±lw apPm-lnZvImc-\mb Cam-an-t\mSv ]d-™p. ""\nß-fmWv Cu ]≈n-bnse Camw. \nßƒ Xs∂Cam-aØv \n¬°-Ww. Rm≥ \nßsf XpS¿∂v \nkvI-cn®p sIm≈mw''



167

Aßs\ B apPm-lnZv Cam-ans‚ Iogn¬ _m-^JnXßƒ aKvcn_v\a-kvImcw \n¿∆-ln°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. (C-°m-eØv CsXmcp hm¿Ø-b-√. ]t£ B ImeØv AsXmcp hm¿Ø Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.) Xncn®vImdn¬ Ibdn bmX-Xp-S-cp-tºmƒ _m-^JnXßƒ ]d-™p. ""Rm≥Cam-aØv \n∂m¬ Ahn-sS-bp≈ Xoh-hm-Zn-I-fmb Nne apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒs°-¶nepw Fs∂ XpS-cm≥ _p≤n-ap-´p-≠m-Ipw. Fs∂-s°m≠vAß-s\-sbmcp ]iv\-ap-≠m-h≠ F∂v Icp-Xn-bmWv Rm≥ Cam-aØv \n¬°m-Ø-Xv.'' _m-^JnXßfpsS kln-jvWp-X°v CØcw\qdp-\qdv DZm-l--c-W-ßƒ.

F√m-Øcw A‘-hn-izm-k-ßƒ°pw A_-≤-hn-izm-k-ßƒ°pwFXn-cm-bn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßƒ. A‘-hn-izm-k-ßƒs°-XncmbnNm´pfn ]tbm-Kn® aX-amWv Ckvemw. a\p-jys‚ imco-cnIhpw am\-kn-I-hp-amb ]iv\-ßƒ°v imkvXo-b-amb am¿§-ßƒ tXSm\pw ssZh-tØmSv ]m¿∞n-°m-\p-amWv Ckvem-ans‚ DZvt_m-[-\w. ]hm-N-I≥]d™p:˛

""kXyhnizm-kn-I-tf, \nßƒ tcmKw h∂m¬ Huj[ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°q. ]Xn-hn-[n-bn-√mØ Hcp tcmKhpw A√mlp krjvSn-®n- n√''Xs‚ Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h-Øn¬ IqSn C∂sØ ]IrXn NnIn-’-tbm-S-Sp-∏-ap≈ Hcp NnIn’m ]≤Xn ]hm-N-I≥ kzbw hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B ]hm-N-Is‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ tcmK im¥n-°mbnBƒssZ-h-ßsf kao-]n-°p-∂Xpw a¥-hm-Zn-Isf Bi-bn-°p-∂Xpw_m-^JnXßsf Zp:Jn∏n-®p. tPymXn-jw, PmX-I-sa-gp-Øv, ]iv\wsh°¬, ssItcJ t\m°¬ apX-emb A\m-Nm-c-ß-sf√mw A\n-kvem-an-I-am-sW∂v hniz-kn-®p At±-lw. Ah-kcw In´p∂ thZn-I-fn-se√mw AØcw A\m-Nm-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂v hn´p \n¬°m≥ At±lwDZvt_m-[n-∏n-®p. apkvenw eoKns‚ henb cmjvSob ktΩ-f\ thZn-I-fn¬ sh®p t]mepw At±lw CØcw hnj-b-ßsf ]cm-a¿in-°p-Ibpw A‘-hn-izm-k-ßƒs°-Xn-cmb Xs‚ Aa¿jw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Nµn-I-bpsS ap≥ kl-]-Xm-[n-]cpw Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw_m- JnXßfpsS ASpØ A\p-bm-bn-I-fn-sem-cm-fp-amb ]n.-sI. apl-ΩZv Hcp A\p-`hw ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn:˛

""Ipd®p h¿j-ßƒ°v apºv Fs‚ Cfb A\p-P\v Hcp am\-knI tcmK-ap-≠m-bn. s]cn-¥¬aÆ°SpØ Kma-Øn-emWv Rß-fpsS IpSpw_w Xma-kn-°p-∂-Xv. A\p-Ps\ "am¥nI' NnIn-’-°mbnae-∏p-dsØ ]kn-≤-\mb Hcp Xß-fpsS ASp-°-te°v sIm≠p-t]m-I-W-sa∂v Fs‚ _m∏ Fs∂ Adn-bn-®p. Cu Imcyw Rm≥ _m-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

168169

^JnXßtfmSv ]d-™-t∏mƒ At±lw tZjy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv."am\p! \o Ahs\ ChnsS tImgn-t°m-t´°v sIm≠p-h-cm≥ ]d-bq.ChnsS B tcmK-Øn\v ]e ]pXnb NnIn-’-bp-ap-≠v. \ap°v sskIym-Sn-Ãns\ I≠v NnIn-’n-∏n°mw F∂mWv _m-^JnXßƒ ]d-™-Xv.B hnhcw Rm≥ _m∏m°v t^m¨ sNbvXp. At±lw aI-s\bpwIqń tImgn-t°m-t´°v h∂p. DSs\ _m- JnXßƒ tImgn-t°m v NnØ-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bnse kq]-≠p-ambn _‘-s∏´v Fs‚ A\p-P\v hnZ-Kv[-amb at\m-tcmK NnIn’ e`y-am-°n. tcmKw amdn. Ah-\n∂v kwXr-]vXamb IpSpw_ PohnXw \bn-°p-∂p.''

AXn-Yn-Isf kXvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Bfl \n¿hrXn sIm≈p∂BfmWv _m-^JnXßƒ. GXv t\chpw `£Ww Ign-°p-tºmƒ HcpAXnYn D≠m-sb-¶nte At±-l-Øn\v a\- -am-[m-\-ap-≠m-hp-I-bp≈q._m- JnXßfpsS BXnYyw A\p- -hn-°mØ cmjvSob t\Xm-°-∑m¿tIc-f-Øn¬ hfsc A]q¿∆-am-W-v. a∂Øv ]fl-\m-`≥ Hcn-°¬ _m-^JnXßfpsS hoń¬ h∂-t∏mƒ \¬Inb kXvIm-csØ sImbn-em-≠n-bnse apkvenw eoKv t\Xm-hmb Fw. A_vZp-√-°pń lmPn A¤p-X-tØmsS A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p. sImbn-em-≠n-bn-ep≈ hnin-jvS-ambF√m A∏-Ø-c-ßfpw Xot∑-i-bn¬ hnf-ºn-bn-cp-∂p. X\n°v apºn¬Ipan™v IqSnb A∏-ssh-hn[yw I≠v a∂w A¤p-X-s∏´v t]mbn.AXn-hn-in-jvS-amb Nń-∏-Øn-cn, ap´-∏-Øn-cn, IS-e∏-Øn-cn, s]ń-]-Øn-cn, Xp¿°n ]Øn-cn, ap´-am-e, ap´ kp¿°, Aao¿ A∏w F∂n-XymZn]c-º-cm-KX am∏nf hn`-h-ßƒ Ah-bn¬ Hmtcm-∂n-s‚bpw ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ _m-^JnXßƒ Xs‚ hnin-jvSm-Xn-Yn°v hnh-cn-®p sImSp-Øp.tImgn-t°m´v Hcp ]gb BNm-c-Øns‚ `mK-ambn Hcp ]≈n-bn¬ A∏-hm-Wn` t\¿® F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp D’hw hsc \S∂p hcm-dp≈XmbnBtcm a∂-Øns‚ i≤-bn¬ s]Sp-Øn. hne ]nSn® DuZpw kpK‘hkvXp-°fpw _m-^JnXßƒ a∂-Øn\v kΩm-\-ambn \¬In.

tImgn-t°mSv hen-b-ßm-Sn-bn¬ _m- JnXßƒ kuP-\y-ambn\n¬Inb hnim-e-amb Hcp amfn-I-bn-emWv At\I Zim-_vZ-ß-tfmfwapkvenw eoKns‚ Pn√m-˛-kw-ÿm\ Hmô-kp-Iƒ ]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.At±-l-Øns‚ ]m≠n-I-im-e-bpsS apºn¬ ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ B henbamfn-Ibpw Xmsg-bp≈ ]oSnI apdnbpw Xe-t»-cn-°m-cmb DS-a-ÿ-tcmSv P\m_v Xßƒ 700 Ddp-∏n-I°v hmS-I-°mbn hmßp-Ibpwapkvenw eoKn\v Hmôkv \S-Øm≥ apIƒ `mKw kuP-\y-ambn hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bp-amWv D≠m-b-Xv. Ct∏mƒ B sIń-S-ßƒ At±-l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_-Øns‚ ssIh-i-an-√. tImgn-t°mSv t]m¿´v tdmUn¬



169

_m-^JnXßƒ°v Htc-°¿ hnkvXo¿Æ-ap≈ ssIhi `qan D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. 1962˛¬ AhnsS XmPv tlmw F∂ t]cn¬ At±lw HcptemUvPv \n¿Ωn-®p. AXpw Ct∏mƒ Ah-cpsS ssIh-i-an-√.

_m-^JnXßfpsS Hcp aI-\mb kønZv apl-ΩZv _m-^JnHcn-°¬ Hcp IÃwkv tIkn¬ IpSp-ßn. apl-ΩZv _m^-Jnsb ]‰nIÃw-kp-Im¿°v Ft¥m ]cmXn e`n-®-tXm-sS-bmWv IY-bpsS XpS-°w. DtZym-K-ÿ¿ h∂v At±-l-Øns‚ ]oSnI ]cn-tim-[n-®p. B ]cn-tim-[-\-bn¬ \nba hnt[-b-a-√mØ H∂pw I≠v Inń-bn-√. At±-l-Øn-s\-Xnsc tIkv Nm¿÷v sNbvX-Xp-an-√. ]s£ _m-^JnXßsfsNfn-hm-cn-sb-dn-bm≥ cmjvSo-b-i-Xp-°ƒ Cu kw`-hsØ Iq´p-]n-Sn-®p. X\n°v ]Xy-£-ambn bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-√mØ Imcy-Øns‚t]cn¬ At±lw NnX-h[w sNø-s∏-´p. _m-^JnXßfpsS a\ v hf-sc-b-[nIw thZ-\n® Znh-k-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p B Icn-]p-c≠ Zn\-ßƒ. Agn-a-Xn-bp-sStbm kzP-\-]-£-]m-X-Øn-s‚tbm A[n-Im-c-tam-l-Øn-s‚tbmHcp sNdnb IY t]mepw _m^Jn Xßƒs°-Xnsc D∂-bn-°m≥ In´m-ØXv sIm≠mWv _m- JnXßfpsS iXp-°-ƒ Cu kw -hsØ At±-l-Øn-s\-Xnsc ]tbm-Kn-®-Xv.

tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ B[p-\nI hnZym-`ym-k-Øns‚ DW¿∆v D≠m-°p-Ibpw At\Iw hnZym-`ymk ÿm]-\-ß-ƒ ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp kwL-S-\-bmWv tIcf apkvenwFUyq-t°-j-W¬ skmssk‰n AYhm Fw.-C.-F-kv. tImgn-t°mSvsaUn-°¬ tImtf-Pnse Atkm-kn-tb-‰Uv s]m -kdpw ]kn≤ Znj-Kz-c-\p-amb tUm. ]n.-sI. A_vZp¬ K^q¿ BWv Fw.-C.-F-kns‚ÿm]I ]kn-U-≠v. 1963 apX¬ tImgn -t°mSv tIµ-ambn]h¿Øn®p hcp∂ Cu kwL-S-\-bpsS hen-sbmcp A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£nbpw BPo-h-\m¥ saº-dp-am-bn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßƒ. Fw.-C.-F-kv. ]kn-U≠pw _m-^JnXßfpw ]c-kv]c _lp-am\w sh®p]pe¿Øp∂ ASpØ kplr-Øp-°-fp-am-bn-cp-∂p. s]mXp-th-Zn-I-fn¬sh®v tUmIvS¿ K^q-dns\ _m-^JnXßƒ hf-sc-tbsd ]iw-kn®p]d-bm-dp-≠v. aºmSv tImtf-Pn¬ \S∂ Hcp NS-ßn¬ ]kw-Kn-°p-tºmƒ_m-^JnXßƒ hnZym¿∞n-I-tfmSv ]d™p:˛

""]nb-s∏´ Ipń-I-sf, \nßƒ°v Inńb Ah-kcw D]-tbm-Kn®v \√-Xp-t]mse ]Tn-°-Ww. \nßƒ amk-∏Sn e£yw-sh®v ]Tn-°-cp-Xv. \nßƒ tUm. K^q-dns\ t]mse Bbn-Øo-cm≥ ]Tn-°-Ww.''ÁAX _lp-am\w Bbn-cp-∂p. tUm. K^q-dn-t\mSv _m-^JnXßƒ°v.''Á]s£, B \√ _‘-Øn\v hn≈-ep≠m-bn. Fw.-C.-F-kns‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂ tP¿Wen¬ h∂


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

170171

Hcp teJ-\-am-bn-c∂p ]iv\-ßƒ°v Imc-Ww.- Hcp djy≥ ]X-Øn¬h∂ teJ-\-Øns‚ ]cn-`m-j-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. AXn¬ ico-A-Øn\vhncp-≤-amb ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂mWv Bt£-]w.B teJ\w XnI®pw kZp-t±-i-tØmsS ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-Xm-sW-∂pw,GsX-¶nepw sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ°n-S-bm-bn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ am∏v tNmZn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Fw.-C.-F-kv. tP¿W-ens‚ `mc-hm-ln-Iƒ hy‡-am-°n-sb-¶nepw Bt£-]-°m¿ AS-ßn-bn-cp-∂n-√. ka-kvX-bpsS tbmK-Øn¬sh®mWv BZysØ hmsf-Sp-Ø-Xv. Fw.-C.-F-kn¬ \n∂v hn´p-\n¬°m≥kakvX Xocp-am-\n-®p. ka-kvX-bpsS t\Xm-hmb _m-^JnXß°pw_m[-I-am-bn-cp∂p B Xocp-am-\w. Aßs\ _m-^JnXßƒ Fw.-C.-F-kn¬ \n∂pw hn´p-\n-∂p. thZ-\m-P-\-I-am-bn-cp∂p B th¿]n-cn-b¬._m-^JnXßfpsS cmPnsb XpS¿∂v apkvenw eoKpw Fw.-C.-Fkpwc≠p X´p-I-fn-embn. Bh-iy-an-√mØ Hcp a’-c-am-bn-cp∂p CXv.apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Ønse A`y-kvX-hn-Zy-cmb Hcp hn`mKw apkvenweoKn¬ \n∂v AI∂v t]mbn F∂-XmWv Cu t]mcns‚ _m°n-]-Xw. Ime-I-taW B hnShv \nI-∂p-h-∂p.

_m- JnXßfpsS ]pXn-b-ßm-Sn-bnse aI≥- -D-kvam≥ 1972˛¬Hcp hml-\-]-I-S-Øn¬ ac-W-a-S-™p. tNfm-cn-bn¬ ka-kvX-bpsSt_m¿UnwKv aZk-bnse hnZym¿∞n-bm-bn-cp∂p Dkvam≥. U¬ln-bn¬apkvenw eoKns‚ tbmK-Øn¬ ]s¶-SpØp sIm≠n-cn-°ptºmgmWv_m-^JnXßƒ aIs‚ ac-W-hm¿Ø Adn-™-Xv. At±lw DSs\tImgn-t°m-t´°v Xncn-®p. ]pXn-b-ßm-Sn-bnse hoń-seØn Zp:Jw XfwsIń-\n∂ a\- p-ambn hoń¬ ]th-in® At±lw BZyw sNbvXXv\a-kvImc I¿Ωw \n¿∆-ln-°-em-W-v. AXn\v tijw amX-amWv ]nb]pXs‚ arX-i-cocw I≠-Xv. arX-tZ-l-Øn\v kao]w Zp:Jw AS-°n-∏n-Sn®v sIm≠v At±lw kvX_v[-\mbn \n∂p. c≠n‰p IÆp-\o¿Øp-≈n-Iƒ B t\X-Øn¬ \n∂pw DXn¿∂p hoWp. B cwKw I≠p\n∂-h-cp-sS-sb√mw IÆp-Iƒ \nd™p t]mbn. ]hm-NI Xncp-ta\n]d™p:˛ ""\nßƒ°v Zp -l-amb Zp:Jw t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ c≠v dI-AØv kp∂Øv \a-kvI-cn -°pI''¹B \a-kvIm-c -amWv _m-^JnXßƒ \a-kvI-cn-®-Xv.

aXm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fn¬ A¬]w-t]mepw hn´p-hogvN sNøm≥ Hcp-°-am-bn-cp-∂n√ _m-^JnXßƒ. \a-kvImcw hn´v Hcp Ifn-bn√ At±-l-Øn-\v. \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v ka-b-am-bm¬ AXv \n¿∆-ln-®n-´-√msXas‰mcp Imcyw At±lw Btem-Nn-°pI t]mep-an-√. apd-sX-‰mØCu \a-kvImc ioe-Øn¬ \n∂v Dd-h-sb-Sp-Ø-XmWv At±-l-Øns‚



171

Xf-cmØ at\m-_-ew.Fw. Ben-°p™v kmln_v Hm¿°p∂p:˛""Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv Fw.-F¬.-F. Izmt´-gvkn¬ 20˛mw \º¿

apdn-bn¬ Hcp Znhkw Rm\pw Xßfpw IqSn Xma-kn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.At±-l-hp-ambn CW-ßn-t®¿∂ "Dd-°-∏\n' A∂v cmXn At±lsØ]nSn-IqSn. aKvcn_v \a-kvIm-chpw Ign™v kp∂Øpw ]Xnhp t]mse-bp≈ l±mZpw Ign®p At±lw hni-an-®p. AXn-\n-S°v Imen\v Ak-ly-amb thZ-\bpw XpS-ßn. Nne kµ¿i-I¿ h∂v At±-l-Øns‚hnjaw I≠v Xncn®p t]mbn. Cim \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ ka-b-am-bn. IrXy-ambn Xs∂ AXpw \n¿∆-ln-®p. Hcp •mkv tlm¿enIvkpw IpSn®vAt±lw Imens‚ thZ\ kln-®p-sIm≠v sRc-ßnbpw Dcp≠pw InS-∂p-d-ßn. ASpØ Iń-en¬ Rm\pw Dd-ßn. \s√m-cp-d°w Ign™vRm≥ IÆp-Xp-d∂v t\m°p-tºm-ƒ Bt±lw "hpfp' FSpØv h∂v Xs‚"apk√' Jn_ve°v t\sc CSp-∂-XmWv Rm≥ I≠-Xv. kp_vlnbm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v IcpXn Rm≥ thKw hpfp FSpØv h∂p. At∏mƒ At±lw\nkvIm-c-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-am-bn-cn-°pw, AXv Ign™tijw kp_vln \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v At±-lsØ XpS-cm-sa∂v IcpXnAt±-l-Øns‚ ]n∂n¬ \ne-bp-d-∏n-®p. At∏m-gmWv At±lw \nkvImcwIgn™v Xncn-™p-t\m-°n. "\nßƒ F¥mWv \nkvI-cn-°p-∂Xv' F∂vFt∂mSv tNmZn-®p. kp_vln F∂v Rm≥ ]d-™-t∏mƒ "aWn aqt∂Bbn-´p-≈q, kp_vln Bbn-ń√' F∂v At±lw adp-]Sn ]d-™p.ho≠pw \a-kvI-cn-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn. Imens‚ thZ\ Fß-s\-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ "AXv Aßs\ Xs∂-bp≠v F∂v adp-]Sn ]d-™p.' Im¬ \oń t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ Ipsd \ocv h∂n-cn-°p-∂p.hÆhpw IqSn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AsXm∂pw ]Xn-hp≈ C_m-Z-Øn\v XS- -am-I-cp-sX-∂m-Wv F\n°v e`n® DØ-cw. Xßƒ ho≠pw DdßnaWn 5 ASn-°p-∂p. Rm≥ IÆp Xpd∂p t\m°p-tºmƒ ho≠pwhpfp FSp-Øp-h∂v kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p At±-lw.Rm\pw hpfp FSpØp h∂p. At∏m-tg°pw kp_vln \a-kvImcwAt±lw Bcw-`n-®p. At±-lsØ Cam-am°n Rm\pw \a-kvI-cn-®p.''

Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\mb aºmSv sI.-]n.-sI. Xßƒ°p-ap≠v CØ-c-sam-c-\p-`-hw. h≈p-h-\m-ńse Hcp sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]cy-S\w Ign™v_m-^JnXßfpw kwLhpw cmXn 1 aWn°v H‰-∏mew Sn.-_n-bn-se-Øn. aq∂v aWn-°mWv Ah¿ Dd-ßm≥ InS-∂-Xv. A¬]w Dd-ßnbtijw aºmSv sI.-]n.-sI. Xßƒ Hcp Im¬s]-cp-am‰w tI´v sRń-bp-W¿∂v t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ Hcp ic-dm-¥epw ]nSn®p sIm≠v hpfp FSp-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

172173

°m≥ t]mIp∂ _m-^JnXßsfbmWv I≠-Xv. F∂n´v At±lwXl-÷pZv \a-kvI-cn-®p. ]ns∂ Ipsd ZnIvdp-Ifpw Hudm-Zp-I-fp-ambnCcp-∂p. sI.-]n.-sI. Xßƒ Xs∂ B cwKw Cßs\ hnh-cn-°p∂p:˛""tXm¿Øv sIm≠v Btcm X´n-hn-fn-®m-Wv ]n∂oSv Rm≥ DW¿∂-Xv.IÆp angn®p t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ ic-dm-¥¬ Iøn¬ ]nSn®p \n¬°p∂_m-^JnXßƒ kp_vln \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v hnfn-®p-W¿Øp-I-bm-Wv.Dd°w L\o-`-hn®p \n¬°p∂ I¨t]m-f-Iƒ Xncp-Ωn-s°m≠v F√m-hcpw B I¬∏-\°v hnt[-b-cm-bn.''

_m-^JnXßfpsS IqsS k©-cn® Bfp-Iƒs°√mw At±-l-Øns‚ \a-kvIm-c-\n-jvT-sb-°p-dn®v CØcw A\p-`-h-ßƒ ]d-bm-\p-≠m-hpw. aXm-Nm-c-ßƒ AXns‚ ]q¿Æ cq]-Øn¬ A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-Xn\v bmXm-£o-W-tam, \nZm-hn-lo-\-Xtbm X∑q-e-ap≈ tZlm-kz-

""Nmh-°mSv Sn.-_n-bn¬ sh®p \S∂ Hcp kw`hw F\n°v ad-°m-s\m-°p-I-bn-√.'' " .p∂-pb-d] n™p°-neB .wF˛ -m∏t-n´pa ¬nb-e-Ø-Wa"

-p\-cH .nØ-es-nb-ÿ-h-mj¿Lwk w∏gpI bm≠p®-n‘-_wk vX∂-pI.n°qI ¿m°-L-wk-\P wpem]t \s∏-fIt .Is ®nai v\nØ\-PvR-cwpcbm\ .wF-.nh wp\-∏-fIt .Is wpfßXnJ-m_ vWme-nØ-L uC-Jet uC SsqI .vX-∂-pØ-es-nb-n_-.nS vSm°-hmN v\nØ-\-PvR-c-p\-cH

°snc-n≠mIs p∂-S\ wWj-m`wk wjit p°®D .p∂-pc-nb-m≠-pa-p\-I-XsA ≥mR .≥m°-pS-bs-√-kpa v∂n\ ¬nKm_ p™-d] vSm∂tF

≥mR .pØ-pSF wpen‰Is ∂p°-pS-as-≈hs SsmXtA .pØ-pS-mIs pØpS-nb-nd-pa-nfpI wl±tA v≠mIs p™d] v∂F ´s°-nc-Ivk-a\ ¿kA

" .p∂h-p®-nc-nX-\s-SD .nbm]t v°et 'm®tngI wcmIvk-a\ ƒßX" ' F∂vsI. tIf-∏≥ tNmZn®p. sh≈-an-s√-∂m-bn-cp∂p Xß-fpsS adp-]-Sn.Iøn¬ sI‰n-ep-ap-≠v. DS≥ Hcp P\-kwLw hf-≠n-b¿ Xß-fpsSIøn¬ \n∂v sI‰n¬ hmßn AXp-ambn HmSn. Fhn-sStbm t]mbn

w≈hs ƒm∏t-b-nß-SpX ≥m°-pSF pfph ƒßX .p∂-h-p≠mIs w≈hs'v°¿b-n≠-fh wLwk-\P vWmS-m∏-dp] ≥m°-pSmIs p∂¿I] ' kz¥w

kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ XW-en¬ \nh¿∂v \n¬°p-Ibpw kzXz-t_m[wwpem]t-p∂n\ ¬nf-I-nK-mbt-nX] v°¿h-∂-pøNs wpbI-p°-nS-n∏-nØ¿bD.vW-mb-I-pc-ep] SsnhC wabn\ nXrI] ∂as-ph-m\-mS\t ƒI-ph-c-ZB

aXm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fn¬ hogvN hcp-ØmØ _m-^JnXßƒ\s√mcp klr-Z-b\pw Bkzm-Z-I\pw BsW∂v tIƒ°p-tºmƒA¤p-X-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√. At±-l-Øns‚ Hgn-hp-k-ab hnt\m-Z-ß-fn¬H∂m-bn-cp∂p in°m¿. Cu hnt\m-Z-Øn¬ Hcp hnZ-Kv[≥ IqSn-bm-bn-



173

cp∂p Xßƒ. At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w \S-Ønb Hcp in°m-dns‚ IYamXr-`qan kl-]-Xm-[n-]cpw Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\p-amb Sn.-]n.-kn. InSmhvCßs\ A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p:˛

""_m-^JnXßƒ°v in°m-dn¬ A¬]w à-am-sW∂v sImbn-em-≠n-°m-c-\mb Nne kvt\ln-X-∑mcn¬ \n∂v Rm\-dn-™n-cp-∂p. HcpZnhkw ]£n-sh-Sn°v t]mIm≥ Xo¿®-s]-Sp-Øn. ]n.-sP. ^m≥knkvBbn-cp∂p A∂v hS-Ic Xl-kn¬Zm¿. At±lw in°m-dn¬ henbIº-°m-c-\m-Wv. At±lw shSn-sh® ]p≈n-am-\ns‚ tXm¬ F\n°vkΩm-\n-®Xv Ct∏mgpw hoń-ep-≠v. ]e Db¿∂ DtZym-K-ßfpw `cn®vtIcf Kh¨sa‚ns‚ skI-´-dn-bm-bn-cn-°p-tºm-gmWv dn´-b¿ sNbvX-Xv. Ct∏mƒ IpSpw-_-k-taXw Xriq-cn¬ Xma-kn-°p-I-bm-Wv. in°m-dn\v ]pd-s∏-Sm≥ _m- JnXßƒ Hcp-°-amsW∂v Adn™ DS≥ hnhcwRm≥ ^m≥kn-kns\ Adn-bn-®p. Xßfpw ]m¿ńbpw sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ \n∂pw ^m≥knkpw ]m¿ńbpw hS-I-c-bn¬ \n∂pw ]pd-s∏´v]tømfn CSn™ IS-hn¬ shs®m∂v tN¿∂v sNc-≠-Øq¿°v t]mI-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p hyh-ÿ. \n›nX Znhkw _m- JnXßfpsS ]m¿ń--A-Xn¬ Rm\p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p˛ \t∂ cmhnse sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ \n∂v

]pd-s∏-´p. F´p aWn°v apºmbn hchpw ImØv AhnsS \n¬°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp henb P\-°q´w AhnsS IqSn-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-sc√mwXßsf BZ-cn-°m\pw ]cn-N-cn-°m\pw ]e mK-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw FØn-t®¿∂-h-cm-sW∂v ]n∂oSv a\- n-em-bn. F√m-hcpw IS-h-tØ°vt]mbn. Ahn-sSbpw [mcm-f-am-fp-Iƒ IqSn-bn-cp-∂p. in°m-dn\v h∂-h-c-√msX a‰mcpw sNc-≠-Øq-tc°v htc-≠-Xn-s√∂v Xßƒ AhscAdn-bn-®-tXmSv IqSn A[n-I-am-fp-Ifpw ]ncn-™p-t]m-bn. Rßƒ HcptXmWn-bn¬ ]pd-s∏-´p. GXm≠v Ac-a-Wn-°q-dp-\p-≈n¬ ÿe-sØ-Øn. sh≈hpw sNfnbpw Ip‰n-°m-Sp-Ifpw \nd™ AXn-hn-im-e-am-sbmcp ssaXm-\w. \mc, Fc-≠, ]≠m-c-t°m-gn, XpSßn ]e-Xcw]£n-Iƒ Aßn-ßmbn ]d-°p-∂Xv ImWm-am-bn-cp-∂p. BZyw^m≥knkv Hcp \mcsb shSn-sh®p. AtXmsS in°m-dp-Im-cpsSD’mlw IqSn. tXmWn Atßm-´p-an-tßm´pw HmSn®p sIm≠n-cp-∂p.Xpcp-Xpsc shSn s]m´p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. c≠v aq∂v ]≠m-c-t°m-gn-I-sfbpw \me©v \mc-I-sfbpw Inń. GtXm Hcp henb ]£n˛ ]≠m-c-t°m-gn-bm-sW∂v tXm∂p∂p ˛ Xß-fpsS Xe°v aosX ]d-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Rms\s‚ tXm°p-b¿Øn sIm∂n-]-dn-®n-t -bp-≈q. Im©n]nSn-°m≥ kabw Inń-bn-√. At∏m-tg°pw tXmWn s]s´-s∂m-∂n-f-In. SnK-tdmSv tN¿Øv ]nSn-®n-cp∂ hnc¬ Rm\-dn-bmsX Aa¿∂p.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

174175

shSn s]mépw Ign-™p. Fs‚ sXm´-SpØv Xß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. ssI\oń-b-t∏mƒ Rm≥ sIm-Sp-ØtXm A√ ]nSn-s®-Sp-ØtXm F∂v \n›-b-an√. tXm°v ASpØ \nan-j-Øn¬ I≠Xv Xß-fpsS Iøn-em-Wv."kq£va-an-√m-Ø-h¿ \nd® tXm°p-ambn \S-°p-∂Xv B]-XvI-c-am-Wv. taen-se-¶nepw kq£n-°Ww' F∂v amXw ]d™v Xßƒ tXm°vF\n°v Xncn®p X∂p. Ipsd-k-abw IqSn Rßƒ Np‰n-Øn-cn-™-Xn\v tijw in°m¿ aXn-bm-°n.''

_m- JnXßfpsS klr-Z-b-Xz-sØbpw \¿Ω-t_m-[-sØbpwkm£y-s∏-SpØn sIm≠v ]kn≤ Ncn-X-˛-km-ln-Xy-Im-c-\mb ]n.-F.skbvXv aplΩZv Cßs\ Fgp-Xp∂p:˛

""U¬ln-bn¬ Hcp A¥m-cmjvS taf \S-°p-I-bm-Wv. B tafImWm-s\-Ønb P\m_v _m-^JnXßtfmsSm∏w [oc-X-bp-sSbpwkulr-Z-Øn-s‚bpw apJ-ap-Z-bp≈ Hcp XmSn-°m-c≥ IqSn-bp-≠v. P\m_v_m-^JnXßfpsS k¥X kl-Nm-cn-bmb Fw.-sI. lmPn kmln-_v.k¬ln-bnse km¿∆-tZ-iob hyh-km-bnI taf ImWm≥ FØnb.P. Xßfpw P. lmPnbpw khn-ti-j-amb Hcp kzoI-c-W-Øn¬ sh®vRß-tfm-sSm∏w tN¿∂p. ]ikvX IY-Ifn \S-\mb Iem-fiewIrjvW≥ \mb-cpsS IY-Ifn Kq∏p-ambn C¥y-sbm-´p°pw Hcp ]cy-S-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏-ń-cp∂ Xßƒ°v, Xß-fp-sSbpw lmPn kmln-_n-s‚bpw kº¿°w AXy¥w lrZy-am-bn-cp-∂p. Xnc-t°-dnb U¬ln]´-W-Øn¬ hs∂-Ønb C_v\p kDuZv cmPm-hn\v PwC-ø-Øp¬Deam kwL-Sn-∏n® kzoI-c-W-Øn-emWv Rß-sf√mw Hcp-an-®-Xv.kn°p-Im-cpsS Akw-Xr]vXn Xfw-sIń \n¬°p∂ Hcp hnjaw ]nSn®A¥-co-£-Øn-emWv kzoI-cWw kwL-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. kn°p-Im¿°vkzm[o-\-ap≈ Hcp sXcp-hn¬ IqSn Xs∂ C_v\p kDuZv cmPm-hns‚ssPX-bmX ]pd-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. A£-a-tbmsS F√m-hcpw ImØn-cp-∂p. ]ecpw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ Hcmƒ ]m¿∞n-°p-I-bm-Wv."H∂pw kw`-hn-°msX F√mw ip`-am-bn-Øo-c-Wta' F∂v. B]m¿∞\ F√m-h-cp-sSbpw i≤-bm-I¿jn-®n-cp∂ _m-^JnXßfpsS-Xm-bn-cp∂p. DXvIWvT \nd-™p-\n∂ A¥-co-£-Øn¬ s]s´∂vBlvfm-Z-Øns‚ Hcp then-tb-‰-ap-≠m-bn. Nncn®v D√m-k-tØmsS kZ- n-te°v HmSn h∂ ]fin‰v Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp-hmWv BBlvfmZw sIm≠p-h-∂-Xv. F√m-hcpw Fgp-t∂‰v \n¬°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ kt¥m-j-]q¿∆w kDuZv cmPmhpw ]cn-hm-c-ßfpw FØn-t®¿∂p.cmPm-hns\ A\p-K-an-®n-cp∂ Db¿∂ ]Z-hn-bp≈ ]e-cp-ambn _m-^JnXßƒ thKw CS-]-g-In. AXyp-Zm-c\mb _m-^JnXßƒ



175

HmtcmcpØcp-ambn kvt\lm-`n-hm-Z-\-ßƒ ssIamdn Ign-™-t∏mƒRß-sf√mw At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Isf t]mse B cwK-ß-fn¬ -C-gp-In-t®¿∂p. kzoI-cWw kwL-Sn-∏n® ]ap-J-cn¬ ]ecpw C∂vPohn-®n-cn-∏n-√. tIµ-a¥n tUmIvS¿ skbvXv al-aq-Zv, auem\mBkmZv, auem\m ln^v-kp¬ dlvam≥ XpS-ßn-b-h-sc√mw A∂v BkZ v Ae-¶-cn-®-h-cm-Wv. C¥y-bpsS tZio-b-k-a-c-Øn¬ ]mWvUn-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw Db¿∂ \ne-hm-c-Øn-s‚bpw DS-a-I-fm-bn-cp∂ Ah-sc-√m-h-cp-ambn _m-^JnXßƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´p. GXv kZ- nepw A¥- ns‚ Xe-∏m-hp-ambn Db¿∂p \n∂n-cp∂ P. Xßƒ \jvS-s∏-SmØhy‡nXzw ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ kw`m-j-W-Ønepws]cp-am-‰-Ønepw AXv \nd™p \n∂n-c-p∂p. Fhn-sS-sb√mw sNs∂-Øntbm Ahn-sS-sb√mw khn-ti-j-amb hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚ apZ-Ip-Øn-t∏m-∂p At±lw. Hcp kmbm” ka-bØv Rß-fpsS Iymºn¬ P:Xßƒ Ib-dn-h-∂p. ]cn-kcw apgp-h≥ IY-I-fn-t°m-∏p-Ifpw thj-hn-[m-\-ßfpw NnX-dn-°n-S-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXns‚ a[y-Øn¬ apk√ hncn®v\a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ ka-b-\njvT ]men-°p∂ P: Xßƒ \a-kvI-cn® BcwKw Rm\pw Fs‚ kplr-Øp-°fpw C∂pw H¿Ωn-°p-I-bm-Wv. IpsdIgn-™-t∏mƒ Hcp shfpØ XpWn sI -gn®v Rß-sf-sb√mw ASpØvhnfn-®n-cpØn s]mcn® tImgnbpw a‰v ]e-lm-c-ßfpw Xo‰n-°m-\mWvP: Xßƒ apXn¿∂-Xv. Rß-fpsS IY-Ifn kwL-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂H.-]n. tPmk^pw, Iem-a-fiew IrjvW≥ \mbcpw taml-\pw, \ºo-i\pw F√mw ]nXr-Xp-ey-amb B kvt\l-ßƒ°v apºn¬ hnIm-c-`-cn-X-cm-bn-t∏m-bn. "Xßfp'ambn ASp-Øn-S-]-g-Ip∂ Bcnepw ad-°m-\m-hØ Hcp kzm[o\w Ah-ti-jn-∏n®p sImt≠ B IYm-]p-cp-j≥hnS-hm-ßp-I-bp-≈q. IY-Ifn ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fpsS ]cn- m-j-I-cm-bn- mWv io.H.-]n. tPmk^pw Rm\pw B kwL-tØm-sSm∏w k©-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.'

thjhpw apZ-bp-sa√mw IY-I-fn-bpsS knh-ti-j-X-I-fm-sW∂pw a‰p-ambn AXns‚ Hmtcm coXnbpw Rßƒ ]d™p a\- n-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ At±lw D’m-l-]q¿∆w AXv tI´n-cp-∂p. ]ns∂ HcptNmZyw. "CsX√mw CXn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ C¬av BWv At√'?

P: Xßƒ°v Iem-h-kvXp-°-fpsS kuµcyw Bkz-Zn-°m-\p≈Hcp henb Ign-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CØcw Imcy-ß-fn¬ At±lw hnap-J-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√. \√ klr-Z-b\pw Bkzm-Z-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂p Xm\pw.]n¬°m-e-ß-fn¬ ]e L -ß-fnepw Xß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-tS≠n h∂-t∏m-sg√mw U¬ln bmX-sb-∏‰n Hm¿Ω ]pXp-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''

(]n.-F. skbvXp apl-ΩZv, _m-^JnXßƒ kvamcI KŸw, 1973)

176


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

176

14

aZn-cmin ]tabw

cmjvS-]Xn `c-W-Øns‚ KmV-\n-Z-bn¬ \n∂v cmjvSobtIcfw sRń-bp-W¿∂Xv 1965 am¿®v amk-Ønse sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-\p≈hnfn-tI-´p-sIm-≠m-Wv. cmjvSob ka-hm-Iy-ß-fn¬ ]pXpa ]I¿∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p Cu CS-°me sXc-s™-Sp-∏v. i¶¿ a¥n-k- -s°-Xn-cmbn thm vsNbvX tIm¨Kkv Fw.-F¬.-Fam¿ InkvXy≥ aX-ta-e-[y-£≥am-cpsS Bio¿hm-Z-tØmsS Hcp ]pXnb cmjvSo-b-]m¿ń cq]o-I-cn-®p."tIcf tIm¨Kkv' F∂mWv Ah-c-Xn\v t]cn-´-Xv. ]ncn-®p-hn´ \nb-a-k- -bn¬ Ah¿°v 15 Fw.-F¬.-F-am-cpsS ]n≥_-e-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿1) sI.-Fw. tPm¿÷v, 2) tXmakv tPm¨, 3) sI. \mcm-b-W-°p-dp-∏v, 4)Sn. IrjvW≥, 5) Fw.-F. B‚-Wn, 6) ]n. Nmt°m, 7) B¿. cmLhtat\m≥, 8) B¿. _me-IrjvW ]n≈, 9) Sn.-F. [¿Ω cmP-ø¿, 10)Fw. cho-µ-\m-Yv, 11) F≥. `mkvI-c≥ \mb¿, 12) kn.-F. amXyq, 13)hbem CSn-°p-f, 14) Ipkpaw tPmk-^v, 15) sI.-B¿. kc-kzXn AΩF∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p. ê-Øn¬ CsXmcp InkvXy≥ ]m¿ń-bm-Wv.]s£ \mb¿ k¿∆okv skmssk-‰n-bp-sSbpw a∂Øv ]fl-\m-`t‚bpw apgpØ A\p-K-lm-in- p-Iƒ Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. a[ytIc-f-Øns‚ cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ KXn \n¿Æ-bn-°p∂ i‡n-bmbn\n¬°m≥ A∂-h¿°v Ign-™p.

tIm¨Kkv tIc-fm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv ]nf¿∂-sX-¶n¬, AJn-te¥ym ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bnse ]nf¿∏v.AXn\v Zo¿L-amb ]›m-Ø-e-ap-≠v. 1956 G]n¬ amk-Øn¬ ]me-°mSv tN¿∂ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS 4˛mw tIm¨K- n¬ Xs∂]nf¿∏ns‚ kqN-\-Iƒ I≠p XpS-ßn-b-Xm-Wv. 1964˛¬ AXv F√mad-Ifpw s]mń®v ]pdØp h∂p.

]pXp-Xmbn P∑w sIm≠ am¿InÃv ]m¿ń, tIc-f-Øn¬ \ne-bp-

177



177

d-∏n®p In´m≥ iaw XpS-ßn-. -tI-cf tIm¨K-kns‚ \nebpw adn-®-√.apkvenw eoKm-sW-¶n¬ Ign™ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v tijw

tIm¨K-kn-t\mSv IW°v Xo¿°m≥ Ah-kcw ]m¿Øv InS-∏m-Wv.aqh¿°pw thWw ]pXnb Iq´p-sI-´p-Iƒ.

tIcf tIm¨Kkpw apkvenw eoKpw Hcp sXc-s™-Sp∏v kJy-Øn-se-Øm≥ henb ]bm-k-ap-≠m-bn-√. _m-^JnXßfpw sI.FwtPm¿÷p-am-bp≈ Hcp IqSn-°mgvN aXn-bm-bn-cp∂p B kJywbmYm¿∞y-am-Im≥. ]s£ AXv tem-∑p-J-a-√mØ Hcp Iq´p-sI- mbnXo¿∂p. ImcWw tIcf tIm¨Kkns‚ i‡n-]-tZ-i-ß-fmb a[y-Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬ apkvenw eoKn\v henb thtcm-´-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.apkvenw eoKns‚ i‡n tIµ-amb ae-_m¿ Pn√-I-fn¬ tIcftIm¨K-kn\v imJ t]mep-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]c-kv]cw D]-I-cn-°mØHcp kJy-ambn Xo¿∂p tIcf tIm¨K-kv-˛-apkvenw eoKv Iq´p-sI-´v.

]ns∂-sbmcp km[yX IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-I-fn-te-sX-¶n-ep-sam-∂n-t\m-Sp≈ Nßm-Ø-am-Wv. kn.-]n.-sF. AXns‚ hmXn-ep-Iƒ BZytaAS®p If-™p. (am¿InÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS ]n≥_-esØ Ipdn®v sX‰mbIW°p Iq´¬ \S-Øn-b-XmWv kn.-]n.-sF°v Aß-s\-sbm-c-_≤w]nW-bm≥ Imc-Ww.) am¿InÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS Ihm-S-ßƒ Xpd∂p InS-∏p-≠v. ]s£ apkvenw eoKns\ t]mep≈ Hcp ]m¿ń°v B Iam-\-Øn-eqsS IS-°-W-sa-¶n¬ ]eXpw ]e-h´w Btem-Nn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.ASp-°-W-sa∂p Xs∂-bmWv Ccp I£n-I-fp-sSbpw BK-lw. AØ-c-samcp kl-hm-k-Øns‚ km[q-I-c-WsØ Ipdn®v Xß-fpsS A\p-bm-bn-Isf Fßs\ t_m[y-s∏-SpØpw? AtXm¿Ø-t∏mƒ t\Xm-°-fpsS D≈n¬ Xobp-Xn¿∂p.

IΩyq-WnÃv eoKv _m‘-h-Øns‚ AZr-iy-amb ]mew 1962˛setemIvk`m sXc-s™-Sp∏v ImeØv Xs∂ Fkv.sI s]m‰-°m´pw F.-hn. cmL-h\pw ]Wn-Xp-sh-®n-´p-s≠-¶nepw B ]mew A]-I-S-I-c-amb\q¬∏m-e-ambn Ccp I£n-Ifpw `b-s∏-´p.

Bbn-S°v _m-^JnXßfpsS aI-fpsS hnhmlw sImbn-em-≠n-bn¬ \S-∂p. ]Xnhp t]mse tIc-f-Ønse ]ap-J-cmb cmjvSobt\Xm-°-sf√mw NS-ßn¬ FØn-t®¿∂n-´p-≠v. Iq´-Øn¬ G‰hpwit≤-b-\mb ]pXn-sbm-c-Xn-Ynbpw h∂p˛ C.-Fw.-F-kv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sm-bn-cp∂p B AXn-Yn. _m-^JnXßfpsS hoń¬ ]e-t∏m-gmbn ]ekXvIm-c-ß-fpw \S-°m-dp-s≠-¶nepw AXn-sem-∂n¬ t]mepw C.-Fw.-Fkv ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ ]pXnb hc-hn\v cmjvSo-b-ambA¿∞-X-e-ßƒ I¬∏n-°-s∏-´p. hn`-h-k-ar-≤-amb `£-W-ßƒ hnf-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

178179

ºnb Xot∑-i-bn-te°v ]s£ C.-Fw.-F-kv. t]mbn-√.""F\n°v hb-dn¬ Ft¥m Nne ]iv\-ß-fp-≠v. AXn-\m¬ Hcp

tkmU aXn''sb∂v C.-Fw.-F-kv. ]d-™p. DSs\ apkvenw eoKv ]h¿Ø-I¿ HmSn sN∂v Hcp tkmU sIm≠p-h∂v C.-Fw.-F-kn\v \¬In.

B tkmU°v ]I-c-ambn e`n-®Xv ASpØ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬apkvenw eoKns‚ A©v kzX-¥-∑m¿°v am¿°nÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS ]n¥p-W-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ńbpw ]Pm tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ńbpw kwbp-‡- tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń BbXpw (F-kv.-F-kv.-]n.) CtX Ime-Øm-Wv. Fkv.-F-kv.-]nbpw B¿.-F-kv.-]n.bpw am¿InÃv ]m¿ń-bp-ambn kJy-ap-d-∏n-®p Ign-™n-cp-∂p. _lp-tImW a’-c-ß-fn-eqsS tIm¨KkvPbn-°m-\n-S-bp≈ Nne ko‰p-Iƒ Fkv.-F-kv.-]n. ÿm\m¿∞n-Isfklm-bn-°m-sa∂v apkvenw eoKpw Fkv.-F-kv.-]nbpw XΩn¬ [mc-W-bp-≠m-bn. Fkv.-F-kv.]n Hcp hiØv am¿InÃv ]m¿ń-bp-ambn kJy-Øn-epw, adp-h-iØv apkvenw eoKp-ambn [mc-W-bn-ep-am-b-Xn-\m¬ Nneafi-e-ß-fn-se-¶nepw am¿In-Ãp-Imcpw apkvenw eoKp-Imcpw Htcÿm\m¿∞n°v thm´v sNtø≠n h∂p.1 F¶nepw am¿InÃv ]m¿ńbpwapkvenw eoKpw XΩn¬ HutZym-KnI ÿm\m¿∞n-Isf klm-bn-°m≥]c-ky-ambn bmsXmcp cmjvSob kJy-hp-an-√. ]s£ Aß-s\-sbmcpkJy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂mWv C.-Fw.-Fkv ]n∂oSv Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-Xv.Umt¶m-bn-Ãp-Ifpw tIcf sXc-s™-Sp∏pw F∂ eLp-te-J-bn¬ C.-Fw.-Fkv Cßs\ Fgp-Xn.

""as‰¥v \S-∂mepw icn apkvenw eoKn\v In´p∂ ko‰p-I-fpsS FÆw Ipd-°p-I-bm-Wm-h-iy-sa∂ \ne-]m-SmWv kJmhv ANyp-X-ta-t\m\pw kplr-Øp-°ƒ°p-ap-≈-Xv. Rßƒ°m-hs´ tIm¨K-kn\p In´p∂ ko‰p -I-fpsS FÆw ]c-am-h[n Ipd-°p-IbpwIΩyqWnÃv˛tkm-jy-en-Ãv-˛-kz-X¥ ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fp-tSXv ]c-am-h[nh¿[n-∏n°pbpamWv apJy Dt±-iw. B Dt±-i-ßƒ km[n-°p-∂-Xn\vklm-b-I-c-amb Nne [mc-W-Iƒ eoKp-ambn D≠m-°p-∂-Xn¬ sX‰n-s√∂v amX-a√ Aßs\ sNøp-∂-Xm-h-iy-am-sW∂pw Rßƒ Icp-Xp-∂p. AXp sIm≠v eoKp-ambn [mcW D≠m-°n-bXn¬ e÷n-°mt\m]›m-Ø-]n-°mt\m Imc-W-an-√. t\sc adn®v Xß-f-Xn¬ kwXr-]vXcpwIrXm¿∞-cp-am-Wv.''

apkvenw eoKpw tIcf tIm¨K-kp-ambn kJy-ap-s≠-¶nepwae-_m-dn¬ tIcf tIm¨K-kn-√m-ØXv sIm≠v ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn1965˛se \nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ HutZym-KnIÿm\m¿∞n-Isf Imcy-ambn klm-bn-°m≥ Bcp-an-√mØ ÿnXn-



179

bm-bn. 1952˛sebpw 1962˛sebpw sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn-se∂ t]mse ae-_m-dnse afi-e-ß-fn¬ apkvenw eoKv H‰°v s]mcp-tX≠n h∂p.Xriq¿ Pn√-bn¬ \mńI ]n.-sI. A_vZp¬ aPo-Zn\pw Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-csØ Ig-°q-´Øpw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ°v tIcf tIm¨KkvkJy-Øns‚ KpW-a-\p-`-hn-°m≥ Ign-™n-s√∂v ]d™p IqSm.

1965 am¿®v 4˛mw Xnø-Xn-bmWv sXc-s™-Sp∏v. thms´Æn e-]-Jym-]\w ]q¿Øn-bm-b-t∏mƒ Hcp I£n°pw `cn-°m-\p≈ `qcn-]-£-an-√. _lp-I£n a¥n-k-`°pw km[y-X-bn-√.

]pXnb ]m¿ń-I-fmb am¿InÃv ]m¿ń-bp-sSbpw tIcftIm¨K-kn-s‚bpw i‡n hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Cu sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ ktµ-iw. tIcf tIm¨K-kn\v 23 ko‰p Inń. kn.-]n.-sF-bpsS Zu¿_-eyhpw shfn-s∏-´p. Ah¿°v aq∂v ko‰p-Iƒ amXw.

tIm¨K-t -Xc I£n-Iƒs°√mw IqSn 97 ko‰p-Iƒ e`n-®-t∏mƒ tIm¨K-kn\v t\Sm≥ Ign-™Xv 35 ko‰p-Iƒ. apkvenw eo-Kn\v 6 HutZym-KnI ÿm\m¿∞n-I-sfbpw 5 kzX-¥-∑m-scbpw Pbn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-™p. (]n-cn-®p-hn´ \nbak-`-bnepw apkvenw eoKn\v 11saº¿amcp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ AXv XnI£n kJy-Øns‚ XW-en¬.)k¿°m¿ IW-°p-Iƒ ]Imcw Ign™ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-t\-°mƒapkvenw eoKn\v Hcp iX-am\w thmńs‚ Ipd-hp-≠m-bn.

GXm-bmepw a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb `qcn-]£w Xßƒ°p-≈-Xmbn Kh¿Wsd t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Hcp]m¿ń°pw Ign-™n-√. Iq´p-a-¥n-k` cq]o-I-cn-°m-\p≈ km[y-Xbpwhnc-f-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ Kh¨sa‚pw hy‡n-I-fp-sa√mw IqSn 110e£-Øn-tesd cq] (CXv HutZym-KnI IW-°m-Wv. A\u-tZym-KnIIW°v A\p-k-cn®v sNehv CXns‚ ]Xn-∑-Sßv hcpw.) sNe-h-gn®vsXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-Øn-bn´pw Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿°v Akwªn aµncw H∂vImWm≥ t]mepw sNøm-\m-ImsX Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv \n∂v aS-tß≠nh∂p. C¥y-bn¬ G‰hpw ]pXp-a-bp≈ Hcp kw`h hnIm-k-am-bn-cp∂pCXv.

io. B¿. _me-IrjvW ]n≈ A∂sØ cmjvSob kw`hhnIm-k-ßsf Ipdn®v Bfl-I-Y-bn¬ Cßs\ Fgp-Xp-∂p. ""Cu L´-Øn-emWv A∂sØ tIcf Kh¿W-dmbn-cp∂ hn.hn. Kncn tIcfcmjvSo-b-Øn¬ kPo-h-ambn CS-s]´ kw`-h-ap-≠m-b-Xv. Fs∂bpwsI.-Fw. tPm¿÷v kmdn-s\bpw ImWm-sa∂v At±lw AKlw ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. Rßƒ cmPv`-h-\n¬ sN∂v At±-lsØ I≠p. C¥y≥\mj-W¬ tIm¨K-kp-ambn H∂n®v apt∂m´v t]mI-W-sa∂pw


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

180181

k¿°m¿ D≠m-°-W-sa∂pw AXn¬ apkvenw eoKn\pw ]¶m-fnØwD≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂p-ap-s≈mcp t^m¿ape hn.-hn. Kcn Rßƒ°vap∂n¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. ho≠pw Hcp sXc-s™-Sp∏v Hgn-hm-°pI, P\m-[n-]-Xy-I-£n-Iƒ H∂n®v \n¬°p-I-sb∂ ZznapJ e£y-am-bn-cp∂pKncn-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Rßƒ XncnsI t]m∂p. _m-^JnXßfpambnBtem-Nn®p. hf-sc-tbsd Imcy-ti-jn-bp≈ GXp Ime-L-´-ØnepwhmgvØ-s∏-tS≠ hy‡n-XzamWv _m-^JnXßƒ F∂ Fs‚ henbXßƒ°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. alm-\mb ]cn-W-X-]-⁄-\m-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. Imcy-hn-h-c-ap-≈, h¿Ko-b-X-bn-√m-Ø, `qcn-]£ kap-Zm-bsØHcp hm°p-sIm-≠p-t]mepw Atem-kc-s∏-Sp-ØmØ ]tbm-Kn-Ihm-Zn-bmb P\-t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p Xßƒ. hn.-hn. Kncn-bpsS \n¿tZ-i-tØmSvAt±-lhpw tbmPn-®p. A∂p-hsc eoKv tIm¨K-kp-ambn tbmPn®v`cn-®n-ń-√. tbmPn-∏n-em-hp-s∂-¶n¬ Bbn-t°ms´ F∂ \ne-]m-Sm-bn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßƒ°v.

Rßƒ Kh¿W¿°v A\p-Iq-e-amb adp-]Sn \¬In. a¥n-k`D≠m-°m≥ Xøm-dm-bn-cp-t∂m-fm-\p≈ \n¿tZ-i-amWv Kh¿W-dn¬ \n∂vInń-bXv. hn.-hn. Kncn Rß-tfmSv ]d™ t^m¿ape CXm-Wv. A∂vBsI-bp≈ 12 a¥n ÿm\-ß-fmWv. 7 a¥n-am¿ tIcf tIm¨K-kn-t‚Xpw eoKn-t‚-Xp-ambn thWw. tIm¨K-kn-\p≈ a¥n ÿm\-ßƒHgn-®n´ tijw tIcf tIm¨Kkv ]Xn-\n[n apJy-a-¥n-bmbn kXy-]-Xn⁄ sNø-Ww. tIm¨Kkv ]n∂ntS a¥n-k-`-bn¬ tNcq.tIm¨Kkv Fw.-F¬.-F-am-sc√mw Cu t^m¿apesb AwKo-I-cn-°p-sa∂pw hn.-hn. Kncn Adn-bn-®p. AXn≥ ]Imcw Rßƒ sI.-Fw.tPm¿÷v kmdns\ apJy-a - ¥n -bm-°m≥ Xocp -am -\n -°p -IbpwsNbvXp.'Y, t]Pv 104.) \n¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ tIm¨K-kns‚ tZiob t\XrXzw CS-s]´v Cu t^m¿ape s]mfn®p If™p F∂mWv B¿. _me-IrjvW]n≈ XpS¿s∂-gp-Xn-b-Xv. êw \nb-a-k` IqSpI t]mepw sNømsX]ncn®p hnS-s∏-´p.

F-∂m¬, A-∂-sØ F-kv.F-kv.]n ]-kn-U-≠v ]n.B¿. Ip-dp-∏v hy-Xy-kvXam-b a-s‰m-cp I-Y-bm-Wv ]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv : "tIm¨-

tN¿-∂v H-cp Iq-´p-a-¥n-k-` cq-]-h¬°-cn-°m-\p-≈ i-aw ]n.sI. Ip-™pkm-ln-_v C-Xn-\-Iw B-cw-`n-®v I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. Rm≥ Cu i-a-sØ

\-in-∏n-°p-∂ H-cp \o-°-am-bn-cn-°pw A-sX-∂v Rm≥ ]-d-™p. tbm-K-



181

Øn¬ Cu ]-iv-\w hm-Z-]-Xn-hm-Z-Øn-\n-S-bm-°n. H-Sp-hn¬ `q-cn-£wF-s‚ A-`n-]m-b-sØ A-\p-Iq-en-®p K-h¿-Æ-sd I-≠p kw-km-cn-°m≥F-s∂-bpw sI.N-µ-ti-J-c-s\-bpw A-[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øn. N-µ-ti-J-c≥F-s‚ A-`n-]m-b-sØ A-\p-Iq-en-®n-cp-∂p. A-∂p-X-s∂ R-ßƒ Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-tØ-°v bm-X-bmbn. k: A-c-ßn¬ io-[-c≥ R-ß-tfm-sSm-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

R-ßƒ FØpw ap-ºpX-s∂ Ip-™p-km-sl-_v Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-sØ-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. H-c-hkm-\ i-aw Iq-Sn \-S-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ e-£yw. A-t±-lw B-h-iy-s∏´-Xp ]-Im-cw Rm\pw N-µ-

°p I-S∂p."R-ß-fp-sS B-fp-I-sf√mw P-bn-en-em-Wv. H-cp K-h¨-sa‚ v C-

hn-sS C√m-sX t]m-Ip-∂-Xnepw hn-j-a-ap-≠v. P-bn-en-ep-≈-h¿ ]p-d-Øp-h-cm-sX \-ap-°v `q-cn-]-£-ap-≠m-Im≥ km-≤y-X-bn√. Ah-sc P-bn¬

K-h¨-sa‚p-≠m-Ip∂-Xv \-∂v. A-Xv sIm-≠v Ip-™p-km-ln-_n-s‚bpwa‰pw A-`n-]m-b-a-\p-k-cn-®v H-cp K-h¨-sa‚ v cq-]-h¬-°-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬F-\n-°p hn-tcm-[-an√. B-tem-Nn-®v H-cp Xo-cp-am-\-sa-Sp-°Ww.'

"I-Ωyq-Wn-kv-‰v ]m¿-ń-°v K-h¨-sa‚n¬ ]-¶m-fn-Øw h-ln°m-tam?' Rm≥ tNm-Zn®p.

"F-¶n¬ I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-ń-°p ]-¶n√m-Ø H-cp K-h¨-sa‚ vcq-]-h¬-°-cn-°m≥ R-ßƒ X-øm-dn√' Rm≥ ]-d-™p. R-ßƒ Xn-cn-sI t]m∂p.

]n-t‰-∂p Im-eØv R-ßƒ K-h¿W-sd Im-Wm≥ cm-Pv-`-h-\n¬pcn-°I vZ-Ωl-A wpbb-mIt vZ-Ωl-pa v®-F.nk Ss-nh-A ƒm∏t-A .p∂Ns

fpw D-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ]m¿- n-bp-sS Xo-cp-am-\w F-¥m-sW-∂p kn.F®v. ap-lΩ-Zv tIm-b N-µ-tiJ-c-t\m-Sp tNm-Zn®p. "]n.B¿. ]-d-bpw' N-µ-ti-J-c≥ ]-d™p.

"F-¥m ]-d-bm≥ t]m-Ip-∂Xv' A-lΩ-Zv Ip-cn-°ƒ kz-Xkn-≤-am-b ]p-©ncn-tbm-sS F-s‚ ]pd-Øp X-ń-s°m-≠p tNm-Zn®p.

"ap-kvvenw eo-Kn-\p ]-¶m-fn-Ø-ap-≈ H-cp K-h¨-sa‚n¬ Rm≥]-¶m-f-n-bm-hn√. AØ-c-sam-cp K-h¨-sa‚n-s\ Rm≥ k-lm-bn-°p-I-bp-an√. ap-kvvenw eo-Kn-s‚ k-lm-bw kzo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠v Rm≥ H-cp

.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

182183

K-h¨-sa‚ v D-≠m-°p-I-bp-an√' Rm≥ Xo¿-Øp ]-d™p. ]n-∂o-Sv A-h¿ c-≠p-t]cpw H∂pw tNm-Zn-®n√. R-ßƒ K-h¿Æ-sd I-≠p. A-lΩ-Zv Ip-cn-°-tfmSpw kn.F®v. ap-lΩ-Zv tIm-b-tbmSpw ]-d-™ A-tX-hm-°p-Iƒ X-s∂ R-ßƒ K-h¿-W-tdmSpw ]-d™p.

ssh-hn-≤yL-S\m kz-`m-h-ap-≈ H-cp K-h¨-sa‚n-s\-°p-dn-®p K-wp∂mbs-nS]-pd-a b-mae-qI-p\-A v°-vb-h-A.p®-nZ-mNt wpSmft-ß-R ¿W-¿-h

R-ßƒ \¬-In-bn√. R-ßƒ Xn-cn-sI-t∏m∂p.Aß-s\ kw-bp-‡ tkm-jy-en-kv-‰v ]m¿-ń t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-s‚ \n-e-]mSpws]-cnß-fw a-fi-e-Øn¬ eoKpw I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-ń t\-Xr-Xzhpw kzo-I-cn-® A¿-∞-iq-\yhpw A-Sn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-hpam-b ]n-Sn-hm-inbpw Imc-Ww H-cp K-h¨-sa‚ v cq-]-h¬-°-cn-°m≥ B¿°pw `q-cn]-£w C√m-Ø \n-e-h-cn-Ibpw \n-ba-k-` ]n-cn-®p hn-Sp-hm≥ K-h¿-Æ¿ \n¿-_-‘n-X-\m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sN-bvXp.tI-c-f-Øn¬ ho≠pw ]-knU-≠p `c-Ww \-S-∏n-embn.

]-g-b ]n.F-kv.]n. ]-h¿-Ø-Icpw tkm-jy-en-kv-‰v ]m¿-ń ]-h¿-Ø-Icpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ A-I¬-® C-tXm-sS h¿-≤n®p. X-ßƒ ssI-sIm-≠ \-bw H-cp sX-‰m-bn-t∏m-sb∂pw ap-kvvenw eo-Kn\pw I-Ωyq-Wn-kv-‰v ]m¿-ń t\-Xr-Xz-Øn\pw t_m-≤y-s∏-´p.]-knU-≠p `c-Ww H-cph¿-j-Øn-te-sd \o≠p-t]m-bn''. (]n.B¿. Ip-dp∏v. Bfl-IY ˛ F-s‚\m-Sn-s‚ I-Y F-s‚-bpw. t]-Pv 301 ˛ 303)

]n.B¿. Ip-dp-∏v ap-kvvenw eo-Kn-s\-Xn-cm-bn ]-I-Sn-∏n® tcm-j-Øn-\v \ym-bam-b Im-c-W-ap≠v. C-°-gn-™ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-¬ F√m]m¿-ń-Ifpw s]-cnß-fw a-fi-e-Øn¬ Ip-dp-∏n-s\-Xn-cm-bn-cp∂p. kw-ÿm-\-cm-„o-b-Øn¬ D-cp-Øn-cn-™p h-cp-∂ k-a-hm-Iy-ß-sfm-∂pw s]-cn-ß-f-Øn-\v _m-[-I-am-bn-cp-∂n√. Ip-dp-∏n-s‚ tZm-l-]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ

®v aq-Spw' F-∂v B¿-Øv hn-fn®p. A-Xv sIm-≠m-Wv kw-ÿm-\-X-e-Øn-ep-≠m°n-b k-Jy-Xo-cp-am-\-a-\p-k-cn-®v s]-cn-ß-fØvv Ip-dp-∏n-s\ ]n-¥p-W-°m≥ _m-≤y-X-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n´pw a-fi-e-Øn-se I-Ωyq-Wn-Ã-pImcpw ap-kvvenw eo-KpImcpw Ip-dp-∏n-s\ k-lm-bn-°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv. C-Xn¬I-Ωyq-Wn-ÃpIm-cpw ap-kvvenw eo-KpIm-cpw Xp-ey-]-¶m-fn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-

k-` cq-]-h¬-°-cn-°p-∂Xn-t\m-Sv Ip-dp-∏n-\v C-„-t°-Sn√, ]-s£ A-Xn¬ ap-kvvenw eo-Kp-≠m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv Ip-dp-∏n-\v C-„-an√m-ØXv. 'ap-kvvenweo-Kn-\v ]-¶m-fn-Ø-ap-≈ H-cp K-h¨-sa‚n¬ Rm≥ ]-¶m-fn-bm-hn-√';F-∂m-Wt√m Ip-dp-∏v kn.F®n-t\mSpw A-lΩ-Zv Ip-cn-°-tfm-Spw ]-d-



183

™Xv. F-∂m¬ H-cp sIm√-Øn-\v ti-jw 1967¬ ap-kvvenw eo-Kn-\v ap-Jy-]-¶m-fn-Ø-ap-≈ H-cp a-¥n-k-`-bn¬ kn.F®n-t\m-Spw A-lΩ-Zv Ip-cn-°-tfmSp-sam-∏w Ip-dp-∏v a-¥n-bm-bn F∂-Xv a-s‰m-cp k-Xyw. tIc-f-Øns‚ hn[n ]ns∂bpw ]kn-U≠v `c-Ww.

1962˛epw 1965˛epw IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-I-fp-ambn apkvenw eoKvD≠m-°nb ]cn-an-X-amb kl-I-cWw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ krjvSn -®n -´pt≠m F∂-dn -bm≥ _m-^JnXßfpsS lrZbw hyKX ]q≠p. ISpØ aX-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw ]mc-º-cysØ hn´p t]mImsX apdpsI ]nSn-°p-∂-h-cp-amb apkvenw eoKp-Im¿, ]mtbW aXm-`n-ap-Jy-an-√mØ IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-tcmSv cmjvSob_m‘hw ]pe¿Øp-∂-Xns\ Bi-¶-tbmsS ho£n® Hcp hn`mKwapkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂p. cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw AS-hp-Ifpw X¥-ßfpw Ah-ew-_n-t°≠n hcp-sa∂pw ASn-ÿm\ ]am-

wp∂√s-nb-I-p°-hs-d-b-nSA wpenºpa wpbSs-pcB vKoe wnevkpa ƒß-Wkap-Zm-bsØ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ _m-^JnXßƒ hnP-bn-®p.F∂m¬ apkvenw eoKpw am¿InÃv ]m¿ńbpw XΩn¬ ]c-ky-ambn HcpcmjvSob kJy-ap-≠m-°n-bm¬ tIc-f-Ønse tIm¨K-kn\v hcm≥t]mIp∂ h≥ \jvS-sØ-°p-dn®v Bi-¶m-Ip-e-cmb tIm¨K-kp-Im¿Aß-s\-sbmcp kJyw kw -hn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ Gsd AS-hp-Iƒ ]tbm-Kn-®p. apkvenw ]fin-X-∑msc sIm≠v IΩyq-WnÃv ˛apkvenw eoKvkJy-Øn-s\-Xnsc ^Xvh-Iƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m-\mWv Ah¿ t\m°n-b-Xv. tIm¨K-kp-Im¿°v AXn-s\m´pw ]bm-k-hp-an-√. kzmX-¥y-k-ac Imew apX¬°v Xs∂ [mcmfw apkvenw ]fin-X-∑m¿ tIm¨K-kns‚ IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. C¥y-bnse G‰hpw henb apkvenwaX]finX kwL-S-\-bmb "PwC-ø-Øp¬ De-asb lnµv' tIm¨K-kns‚ t]mjI kwL-S-\-bm-W-t√m.

ae-_m-dnse ]am-Wn-I-\mb Hcp apkvenw ]fin-X-\m-bn-cp∂p\mZm-]p-csØ Iog\ Ip™-_vZp√ apkveym¿. k¿∆ aX-ÿcpw Hcpt]mse _lp-am-\n-°p∂ Cu alm ]fin-X≥ Iog\ DkvXmZv F∂t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp -∂p. Hcp Znhkw Nne ]apJ apkvenwtIm¨Kkv t\Xm-°ƒ Iog\ DkvXm-Zns‚ hoń-se-Øn. At±lwAhsc D]-Nm-c-]q¿∆w kzoI-cn-®n-cp-Øn. Imcyw ]d-™p-h-∂-t∏mƒAh¿°v DkvXm-Zns‚ apºn¬ Hcp At]-£-bmWv sh°m-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Ah¿°v Hcp ^Xvh thWw. "\nco-izc hmZn-I-fmb IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cp-ambn apkvenw eoKp-Im¿ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ kJy-ap-≠m-°m≥ ian-°p-∂p-sh∂pw AXv Ckvem-an-s\-Xn-cm-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

184185

I-bm¬ B kJysØ apkvenw-Iƒ X≈n-°-f-b-W-sa∂pw' ]d-bp∂Hcp Xvh AYhm aX-hn-[n-bmWv Iog\ DkvXm-Zn¬ \n∂pw tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ Bh-iy-s∏-´-Xv. hnNn-X-amb B Bhiyw tI´ cmj-So-b-Øn¬ henb ]nSn-]m-Sn-√mØ B ]fin-X≥ B›-cy-s∏-´p. At±lwAh-tcmSv tNmZn-®p.

"BcmWv Aß-s\-sbmcp kJy-Øn\v t\XrXzw sImSp-°p-∂Xv?'

DSs\ BK-X¿ adp-]Sn ]d™p:˛"_m- JnXßfmWv AØ-c-samcp kJy-Øn\v ian®p sIm≠n-

cn-°p-∂-Xv.'Ing\ ]d™p:˛ "Hmtlm! Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ Rm\-Xn¬ CS-

s]-Sp-I-bn-√. cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ ]fin-X≥ _m- JnXßfmWv. AXns‚^Xvh hmtß-≠Xv At±-l-tØm-Sm-Wv.'

A¬]w NΩ-temsS tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ Cd-ßn-t∏m-bn. Ip≤-cmb tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ Hcp ]pXnb apZm-hmIyw Db¿Øp-I-bpw -sN-bvXp.

"]®bpw tNm∏pw Iqń-s°-ń-bm¬ ]ńWn amdptam \ºqco?ssN\bpw C¥y-bp-ambn Hcp tLmc-bp-≤hpw XpS¿∂v

C¥ybpw ]mIn-kvXm-\p-ambn Hcp alm-bp-≤hpw. C¥y≥ cmjvSo-b-˛-km-aq-ln-I- -km-º-ØnI afi-e-ßsf ]nSn®p Ipep-°nb Zpcn-X-a-b-ambIme-k-‘n-bn-eqsS cmjvSw IS∂p t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kqcytim`-tbmsS shń-Øn-f-ßnb CXn-lmk kam-\-amb Hcp Ime-L-´-Øn\vbh-\nI hogvØn-s°m≠v C¥y≥ alm-\mb ][m-\-a¥n ]fin‰vPh-l¿em¬ s\lvdp 1964 sabv 27˛mw XnøXn A¥-cn-®p. atX-Xc`mc-X-Øns‚ AØm-Wn-bmWv apdn™p t]mb-sX∂v _m- JnXßƒhne-]n-®p.

Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp-hns\ XpS¿∂v At±-l-Øns‚ a¥n-k`bnse AwK-amb em¬ _l-Zq¿ imkvXn-bmWv ][m-\-a-¥n-bm-b-Xv. 1964 Pq¨ 9˛mw XnøXn At±lw kXy-]-Xn⁄ sNbvXp. imkvXn-Pn°v `mhp-I-ßƒ t\¿∂p sIm≠v _m- JnXßƒ Hcp A\p-tam-Z\ktµ-i-a-b®p sImSp-Øp. ]s£ \n¿`m-Ky-hm-\mb B ][m\ a¥nA[n-Im-c-ta-‰-SpØ DS-s\-bmWv ]mIn-kvXm\pambn C¥y°v bp≤w\S-tØ≠n h∂-Xv. hn\m-i-I-c-amb bp≤w Ah-km-\n-®-Xns\ XpS¿∂v,]mIn-kvXm≥ ]kn-U≠v ô¬Uv am¿j¬ Aøq-_v Jm\p-ambn kam-[m\ Icm¿ H∏n-Sm≥ ][m-\-a¥n imkvXn XmjvI-≠n¬ t]mbn Icm-sdm-∏n- -Xn\v tijw 1966 P\p-hcn 11- mw XnøXn XmjvI-≠n¬ sh®v



185

Xs∂ At±lw lrZ-b-kvXw- \w aqew acn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.B\n Xøn¬ \nco-£n-°p-∂Xv t]mse ""em¬ _l-Zq¿

imkvXn ][m\ a¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ 18 amkw C¥ym Ncn-X-ØnseAXn-]-[m-\-amb Hcp Ime-L-´-am-bn-cp-∂p. CX Npcp-ßnb ka-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ CX-b-[nIw Zp¿LS ]iv\-ßƒ kzmX¥y e_v[n°vtij-ap≈ Ncn-X-Øn¬ C¥y°v t\cn-tS≠n h∂n-ń-√.''2

imkvXn-bpsS ac-WsØ XpS¿∂v `c-W-Øns‚ Xo÷zm-e-bmb Cµn-cm-Km‘n C¥ybpsS aq∂m-asØ ][m-\-a-¥n-bm-bn.samdm¿Pn tZim-bn-bp-ambn \S∂ hmin-tb-dnb a’-c-Øn\v tij-amWvtIm¨Kkv ]m¿e-sa‚dn ]m¿ń t\Xr-ÿm-\tØ°v Ah¿ sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -Xv.

cmjvSo-b-amb A\n-›n-Xm-h-ÿbpw bp≤-s°-Sp-Xn-Ifpw kmº-ØnI XI¿®bpw C¥y-bn-ep-S-\ofw tIm¨Kkv Kh¨sa‚p-Iƒs°Xn-cmbn P\-tcmjw Db¿Øn-hn- p. cmjvS-]Xn c-W-Øn¬ ab-ßn-°n-S-°p∂ tIcfw Hcp P\m-[n-]Xy `c-W-Øns‚ Acp-tWm-Z-b-Øn-\p- th≠n D‰p-t\m-°nb ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ Ah-tem-I\w sNøm≥C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ tZiob \n¿∆m-lI kanXn 1966sabv 30˛mw XnøXn aZn-cm-in-bn¬ ktΩ-fn-®p. ""ac-°m¿ e∫m kvSo‰nseeoKv am≥j-\n-emWv Cu kp]-[m-\-amb tbmK-Øn\v thZn-sbm-cp-°n-b-Xv. JmCsZ an√Øv aplΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v B[y£w hln-®p. tIc-f-Øn¬ \n∂v _m- JnXßƒ, C_mlnw kpsse-am≥ tk v,kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImb F∂o t\Xm-°fmWv ]s¶-Sp-Ø-Xv. Zo¿L-amb N¿®-Iƒ°v tijw FIvkn-Iyq- ohv AwKo-I-cn® cmjvSob ]ta-b-Øn¬ "ASpØp hcp∂ s]mXp sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨K-kns\A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ \n∂v ]pd-¥-≈m≥ Hcp an\naw ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ a‰p ]Xn-]£ I£n-I-fp-ambn kl-I-cn°m≥' apkvenweoKns‚ kwÿm\ LS-I-ß-tfmSv Bh-iy-s∏-´p.

tIc-f-Øn¬ Hcp tIm¨K-t -Xc _Z¬ ap∂Wn Icp-∏n-Sn-∏n-°m-\p≈ Btem-N-\-I-fp-ambn HmSn-\-S-°p∂ _m- JnXßƒ°v aZn-cmin ]tabw hen-sbmcp A\p-K-lhpw hgn-Im-ń-bp-am-bn. "A—-\n-®n-®Xpw ]mev. sshZy≥ I¬∏n-®Xpw ]mev' F∂p ]d-bm-dp-≈Xvt]mse kwK-Xn-Iƒ _m-^JnXßƒ°v Ffp-∏-ambn Xo¿∂p. IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-I-fpsS kl-hmkw ths≠∂v aZn-cmin ]ta-b-Øn¬hne-°n-√. Ign™ c≠p sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn¬ Ah-cp-ambn D≠m-°nb ]cn-an-X-amb kl-I-c-WsØ eoKv \mjW¬ FIvkn-Iyq-óhvicn-sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. ap≥Iq-ń Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m-°nb Hcp


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

186187

an\naw ]cn-]m-Sn-bp-ambn tbmPn-°p∂ GXv ]m¿ń-bp-ambpw kJy-Øn-te¿s∏Smw F∂mWv aZn-cmin ]ta-b-Øns‚ hnim-e-amb hymJym-\w. AXv tIm¨K-kn\v _Z-em-bn-cn°Ww F∂p amXw.

]Xn-]-£-Øp≈ hnhn[ cmjvSob ]m¿ń-I-fp-ambn _m-^JnXßƒ \nc-¥-c-ambn Bi-b-hn-\n-abw \S-Øn. tÃ‰ns‚ hnhn[`mK-ß-fn¬ k©-cn®v P\-hn-Imcw H∏n-sb-Sp-Øp. Hmtcm t\Xm-hp-ambpw]tXyIw ]tXyIw N¿® \S-Øn. aZn-cm-in tbmKw tIcf Imcy-ßƒ°v Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Ønb "IqSn-bm-tem-N\m kan-Xn-bpsS' I¨ho-\¿ F∂ \ne°v At±-l-Øn-\m-bn -cp∂p B _m[y-X. _m-^JnXßfpsS sImbn-em-≠n-bnepw ]pXn-b-ßm-bn-Sn-ep-ap≈ hk-Xn-bn¬sh®pw tImgn-t°mSv _n.-hn. A_vZp-√-t°m-b-bpsS hk-Xn-bn¬ sh®pwC.-Fw.-F-kv. AS-°-ap≈ CS-Xp-]£ t\Xm-°-fp-ambn _m- JnXßƒN¿® \S-Øn. 1965˛se Ae-kn-t∏mb sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ apkvenw eoKp-ambn ]cn-an-X-amb kl-I-c-W-Øn\v t]mepw k∂-≤-am-hm-Xn-cp∂ kn.-]n.sF CØ-hW apkvenw eoKp-ambn kJy-am-hm-sa∂v kΩ-Xn-®p. C.-Fw.-F-kv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSpw am¿InÃv ]m¿ń-bnse a‰v t\Xm-°fpwBlvfmZ ]pc- cw ]pXnb ap∂-Wnsb kzmKXw sNbvXp. _m-^JnXßfpsS c≠v ssIIfpw AS-°n-∏n-Sn®p sIm≠v C.-Fw.-F-kv.]d™p:˛

Fkv.-F-kv.-]nbpw B¿.-F-kv.-]nbpw t\csØ Xs∂ am¿InÃv]m¿ń-bpsS IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. aØmbn am™q-cms‚ sI.Fkv.-]nbpw ^mZ¿ hS-°s‚ sI.-Sn.-]nbpw IqSn kΩXw aqfn-b-t∏mƒ GgvI£n-I-fpsS sFIy-ap-∂-Wn-bm-bn.

ag-hn-√ns‚ h¿Æ-cm-Pn-bn¬ Hcp k]vX I£n cmjvSob ap∂-Wn.IΩyq-Wnkw kzoI-cn® \mev ]m¿ń-Ifpw IΩyq-Wn-ksØ

Ah-km-\n-∏n-°m≥ th≠n Ah-X-cn-® IΩyq-WnÃv hncp≤ ap∂-Wn-bpsS t\Xm-hmb ^mZ¿ hS-°\pw aX-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ ISp-InS hn´p-ho-gvN-sN-ømØ _m- JnXßfpw Km‘n-b≥ tkmjy-en-Ãp-I-fmb Fkv.-F-kv.-]n-°m-cp-sa√mw tIm¨Kkv hntcm-[-Øns‚ IqSm-c-Øn¬Hcpan®p IqSn-b-t∏mƒ AsXmcp t\ml-bpsS s]Íw t]mse-bm-bn.Bibs∏mcp-Ø-an-√mØ F√m Poh-Pm-e-ßƒ°pw Ib-dn-∏-‰m≥ A`-b-tI-µ-am-bn.

k]vX-I£n ap∂-Wn, ]gb XnI£n ap∂-Wn-sb-t∏mse Bh-cp-sX∂v _m-^JnXßƒ°v BK-l-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\vapºpw AXn\v tijhpw D≠m-Ip∂ F√m Imcy-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw hy‡-amb [mc-W-Ifpw hyh-ÿ-Ifpw thW-sa∂v At±lw Bh-iy-s∏-



187

´p. Hmtcm ]m¿ń-°pw FX-hoXw a¥n-am¿, kv]o°¿, sU]yqńkv]o°¿ ÿm\-ßƒ B¿°v F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ Imcy-ß-sf√mwap≥Iqń Xs∂ [mcW thWw˛_m-^JnXßƒ Du∂n \n∂p.Agot°m-S≥ cmL-h≥ At∏mƒ Hcp Ia‚ v. ""_m-^JnXßƒCt∏mgpw ]gb Zp¿§m-]q¿ ]ta-b-Øns‚ tjm°n¬ \n∂v hnap-‡-am-bn-ń-√. At√?'' Ggv I£n-Isf tIm¿Øn-W-°p-∂-Xn¬ AXy-≤zm\w sNbvX anI® A\p-c-RvPI\mbn-cp∂p Ago-t°m-S≥ cmL-h≥.

]pXnb Kh¨sa‚ v h∂m¬ kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ \b-k-ao-]-\w, \¬I-s∏-Sp∂ sXmgn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ, ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ \yq\-]£]iv\-ßƒ, A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-Sp∂ hnZym-`ymk ÿm]-\-ßƒ, Im¿jn-I-˛-hym-h-km-bnI cwK-ß-fn¬ \S-∏n-em-°m≥ t]mIp∂ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ,]nt∂m° kap-Zm-b-ß-f-psS DtZymK kwh-cWw apX-emb F√m Imcy-ßsf ]‰nbpw [mc-W-bn-se-Ø-W-sa-∂mbn _m-^JnXßƒ. ]n.sIIp™v, Fw.-F≥ tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿ apX-embhcpw _m-^JnXßsfA\p-Iq-en-®p. Gsd-°psd B Imcy-ßƒ Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏´v Ign-™-t∏m-gm-Wv as‰mcp ]iv\w s]m¥n-h-∂-Xv. A[n-Imc hntI-µo-I-c-W-Øns‚ ]iv\w N¿®°v h∂-t∏mƒ Ahn- ‡ tImgn-t°m-Sv- -]m-e-°mSvPn√-I-fnse Xmeq-°p-Isf ]p\-kw-hn-[m\w sNbvXv sIm≠v Fd-\m-Sv,h≈p-h-\mSv, s]m∂m-\n, Xncq¿ Xmeq-°p-I-sf Dƒs∏-SpØn Hcp ]pXnbdh\yq Pn√ cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂Xv B Ahn-I-knX ]tZ-i-ß-fpsS hnI-k-\-Øn\v D]-I-cn-°p-sa∂v _m-^JnXßƒ \n¿t±-in-®p. ]s£, BImcyw a¥n-k- -bn¬ sh®v Btem-Nn®v Xocp-am-\n-®m¬ t]mtc F∂m-bn-cp∂p C.-Fw.-F-kns‚ kwi-bw. ]s£ _m-^JnXßƒ Imcy-˛-Im-cW klnXw ]d-™p. ""AXn-t∏mƒ Xs∂ Xocp-am-\n-°-Ww.'' F√m-hcpw AXv kΩ-Xn-®p.

Aßs\ Ggv I£n-I-fpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ H∏p-sh® an\naw]cn]mSn Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn®p sIm≠v tIc-f-Ønse G‰hpw henbtIm¨Kkv hncp≤ ap∂Wn ASpØ h¿jw \S-°m-\n-cn-°p∂ sXc-

s™-Sp-∏n-t\bpw ImØv k÷-ambn \n∂p.

1) apkvenw eoKns‚ kzX¥ ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ a’-cn-°p∂

afi-e-ß-fn¬ eoKp-Imcpw am¿In-Ãp-Imcpw Htc

ÿm\m¿∞n°v thm´v sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

2) em¬ _l-Zq¿ imkvXn-˛-Poh NcnXw, B\n Xøn¬


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

188

15ag-hn√p t]msemcp a¥nk`

Ncn-X-Ønse G‰hpw henb `qcn-]-£-tØm-sS-bmWv k]vX-I£n ap∂Wn A[n-Im-c-Øn-te-dn-b-Xv. 133 ko‰p-I-fp≈ \nb-a-k-`-bn-te°v 1967 s^_p-hcn 19˛mw XnøXn \S∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ ap∂-Wn-°v 117 ko‰p-Iƒ e`n-®p. tIm¨K-kn-s\-Xnsc \ntj-[-thm-´p-IƒHtc _nµp-hn¬ tIµo-I-cn-®-t∏mƒ Ggp I£n-I-fpsS ap∂-Wn°v e`n-®Xv Xkn-∏n-°p∂ hnP-bw. tIcf tIm¨Kkp IqSn B Iq´m-bva-bn-te°v FØn-t®-tc-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ ko‰v hn -P-\-N¿®-bn¬ Ah¿Aan-X-amb Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ap-∂-bn-®Xv Ah¿°v Xs∂ hn\-bm-bn. ap∂-Wn-bnse ][m\ I£n-bmb am¿InÃv ]m¿ń 52 ko‰p-I-fn¬ hnP-bn-®-t∏mƒ kn.-]n.-sF. 19 ko‰p-I-fn-epw apkvenw eoKv 14 ko‰p-I-fnepwB¿.-F-kv.-]n. 6 ko‰p-I-fnepw Fkv.-F-kv.]n 19 ko‰p-I-fnepw sI.-Sn.-]n. 2 ko‰p-I-fnepw sI.-F-kv.-]n. 1 ko‰nepw hnPbw I≠p. F.-sI.-F. laoZv (B-ep-h), sIkn. kJ-dnb (sXm-Sp-]p-g), sP. Kam-en-b¬samd-bnkv (tIm-h-fw), sI.-sI. \mb¿ (]-Ø\w Xn´) F∂o kzX-¥-∑mcpw k]vX-I£n ap∂-Wn-bpsS IqsS tN¿∂p. BsI IqSn 117Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿. apkvenw eoKv 15 ko‰p-I-fn¬ a’-cn®v 14 ko‰p-IƒIc-ÿ-am-°n. Imk¿tImSv a’-cn® lao-Zen jw\m-SmWv ]cm-P-b-s∏-´- GI eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n.

kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImb (a-¶-S)Fw.-]n.-Fw. Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ (a-e-∏p-dw)tUm. kn.-Fw. Ipń (Ip-‰n-∏p-dw)kønZv Da¿ _m-^JnXßƒ (sIm-t≠m-ń)Fw. sambvXo≥ Ipń lmPn (Xm-\q¿)sI. sambvXo≥ Ipń F∂ _mh lmPn (Xn-cq¿)C. Al-ΩZv (I-Æq¿)



189

Fw.-]n.Fw. Pm^¿ Jm≥ (a-´m-t©-cn)]n.-Fw. A_q-_-°¿ (tIm-gn-t°m-Sv)Fw. NS-b≥ (a-t©-cn)_n.-]n. koXn Xßƒ (Kp-cp-hm-bq¿)hn.-]n.kn Xßƒ (s]m-∂m-\n)Fw. l°owPn (I-g-°q-´w)

Ahp-¡m-ZÀ-Ip-«n \-l (Xn-cq-c-§mSn) F∂n-h-cmWv hnP-bn®

]Xn-]-£-Øm-sW-¶n¬ 9 tIm¨K-kp-Imcpw 5 tIcftIm¨K-kp-Imcpw 2 I¿Æm-SI kan-Xn-°mcpw amXw. ]e ]apJtIm¨Kkv t\Xm-°fpw A¶-Ø-ń¬ ASn-sX‰n hoWp. Ah-cpsSc≠mw \nc-bn¬ \n∂pw Hcp Xmtcm-Zbw D≠m-bn. B ]pXnb Xmc-amWv io. sI. Icp-Wm-I-c≥. 1965 se Ae-kn-t∏mb sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ hnP-bn-®n´pw Akwªn ImWm≥ `mKy-an-√m-Xn-cp∂ Icp-Wm-I-c≥ 9 AwK tIm¨Kkv ]m¿ń-bpsS eoU-dmbn sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p.sI.-Fw. tPm¿÷m-bn-cp∂p tIcf tIm¨K-kns‚ eoU¿. sXc-s™-Sp∏v ImeØv tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ Ah-c¿ln-°mhp∂ F√m AS-hp-Ifpw]b‰n t\m°n. hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ]cm-Pbw FX hep-Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v

-K¨mIt ƒ-I-n\-myXvknI .n-qI-p®-nfnh wKmbt Sspc-ma-p∏-jn_ .nß-d-pbkn\v thm´v sNø-W-sa∂v ]ptcm-ln-X-∑msc sIm≠v CS-b-te-J\wFgp-Xn-®p.

apkvenw eoKnepw kwLSn∏n®p hn^-e-amb Hcp \pg-™p-I-b-‰w. ]m¿ń-°p-≈n¬ ko‰v e`n-°mØ Hcp Akw-Xr]vX hn`m-KsØAh¿ Iøn-se-SpØp. apkvenw eoKns‚ Hcp ]apJ t\Xmhpw ap≥Fw.-F¬.-F-bp-amb sI. lk≥K-\n-bm-bn-cp∂p B Akw-Xr-]vX-cn¬

-]sƒD vc]t ‚snØ-l-±tA ¬nb-I-n´] n∞¿m\mÿ ‚snKoe .n\-m[]ń√ F∂-XmWv Akw-Xr-]vXn-°p≈ GI Imc-Ww. Akw-Xr]vXhn`mKw IqSn-t®¿∂-t∏mƒ AXv "kakvX tIcf apkvenw eoKv' F∂]pXn-sbmcp eoKns‚ ]nd-hn-bn-te°v \bn-®p. tIm¨K-kns‚ \n¿tem-`-amb ]n¥pW Ah¿°v e`n-®p-sh∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. 1957˛¬

X\n-bm-h¿Ø\w Hcp sXc-s™-Sp∏v IuXp-I-ambn ]X-ß-fn¬ \nd-™p-\n-∂p.

IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Ifpw apkvenw-eo-Kp-am-bp≈ cmjvSob kJywA\n-kvem-an-I-am-sW∂pw AXn-\m¬ B kJyw FXn¿°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-sW∂pw kakvX eoKp-Im¿ hmZn-®p. sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ Ah¿ 6

apkvenw eoKv ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

190191

ÿm\m¿∞n-I-sfbpw \n¿Øn. Ah¿°v 6 t]¿°pw IqSn InńbBsI thm´v 3680 amXw. a´m-t©cn a’-cn® sI. lk≥ K\n°vshdpw 576 thm´p-Isf Inń-bp-≈q. AtXmsS At±-l-Øns‚ cmjvSobPohn-Xhpw AkvX-an-®p. kakvX eoKns\ ap∂n¬ \n¿Øn aX-Øns‚t]cn¬ FbvXp hn´ Iqc-ºp-Iƒ ]Xn-tcm-[n-°m≥ klys‚ Xe-sb-Sp-t∏msS _m-^JnXßƒ Fgp-t∂‰v \n∂-t∏mƒ cmam-bW IY-bn¬]d-™Xv t]mse "sshcn-tbm-ßnb hmƒ hmg-\m-cmbn' Iem-in-®p.

tIc-f-Øn¬ \nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-t\m-sSm∏w \S∂temIvk`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨Kkv ÿm\m¿∞n-I-fn¬ Hcm-sfm-gnsI as‰-√m-hcpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p. ]\-ºn≈n tKmhn-µ-ta-t\m≥ amX-amWv sImSp-¶m-‰ns\ AXn-Po-hn® GI `mKy-hm≥.

bp≤w Pbn® \mb-Is\ t]mse _m-^JnXßƒ \n¿hrXn]q≠p. Zq¿§m-]q¿ ]ta-b-Øns‚ ]pI-a-d-bn¬ tIc-f-Ønse tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ apkvenw eoKn-t\mSv sNbvX sImSpw h©-\°v adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ Ign-™-Xn¬ At±-l-Øn\v Gsd A`n-am\w. \n›-b-ambpw CuhnPbw D÷z-e-am-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n¿Æm-b-I-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚tdmƒ.

Xm≥ Hm¿Ω sh® \mfp-Iƒ apX¬ ico-c-Øns‚ Hcp Ah-bhw t]mse sIm≠v \S-°m-dp≈ t]m°-‰v tdUn-tbm-hn¬ sXc-s™-Sp∏v e-ßƒ Hs∂m-∂mbn h∂v XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ _m-^JnXßfpsSapJØv B\µhpw Bth-ihpw Ifn-bm-Sn. IqsS-bp-≈-h¿s°√mwAt±lw eUphpw Pnte-_nbpw hnX-cWw sNbvXp. a[pcw Ign-°-cp-sX∂ tUmŒ¿am-cpsS hne-°ns\ hnkva-cn®p sIm≠v At±lw HcpeUp s]mń®v hmbn-en´p. B \nan-j-Øn-emWv Imk¿tImSv \n∂vjw\m-Sns‚ ]cm-Pb hm¿Ø h∂-Xv. _m-^JnXßƒ hmbn-en´ eUp-hn\v At∏mƒ Ibv∏m-W-\p-`-h-s∏-´-sX∂v IqsS-bp-≈-h¿ ]d-bp-∂p.

k]vX-I£n ap∂Wn AXns‚ hn[m-Xm-°sf t]mepw hnkva-bn-∏n®v sIm≠v 117 ko‰p-Ifnepw hnPbw sImbvX-t∏mƒ _m-^JnXßtfmfw kt¥mjw A\p-`-hn® as‰mcp t\Xm-hp-≠m-In-√.ae-_m-dn¬ amXw HXpßn \n∂n-cp∂ apkvenw eoKns‚ i‡n-ta-J-e-Isf sIm®n-bn-te°pw Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-te°pw hym]n-∏n-°p-hm\pwB ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ \ns∂√mw Fw.-F¬.-F-amsc krjvSn-s®-Sp-°p-hm\pwIgn™ 1967˛se \nba k`m sXc-s™-Sp∏v _m-^JnXßfpsS ]i-kvXn-bpsS Inco-S-Øn¬ Hcp s]m≥Xq-h¬ IqSn Nm¿Øn.

apkvenw eoKv Fw.-F¬.F am¿ ]m¿ń `mc-hm-ln-Isf sXc-s™-Sp -°m≥ s^_p-hcn 24˛mw XnøXn tImgn -t°mSv _m-



191

^JnXßfpsS amfnI apdn-bn¬ HØp-Iq-Sn. eoUsd \ma-\n¿tZiwsNøm≥ F√m-hcpw _m-^JnXßsf `c-ta¬∏n-®p. ]s£ At±lwB `mcw Gs‰-Sp-Øn-√. At±lw ]d™p:˛ ""Akwªn ]m¿ń `mc-hm-ln-Isf sXc-s™-Sp-°m-\mWv \nß-fn-hnsS tbmKw tNcp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ P\m-[n-]Xy coXn-bn¬ sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-°-Ww. Fs∂ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn, Rm≥ CjvS-ap≈ Bsf ]Jym-]n-°p-I-sb∂ kº-ZmbwCu Imcy-Øn¬ th≠. sXc-s™-Sp∏v \nßƒ Xs∂ \S-Ø-Ww. Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb ]Jym-]\w Rm≥ \S-Øn-s°m-≈mw.''

_m-^JnXßfpsS \ymb hmZßƒ Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿°v \ncm-I-cn-°m-\m-bn-√. \nb-am-\p-kr-X-amb sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-∂p. Akwªn]m¿ń eoU¿ ÿm\-tØ°v kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-bpsS t]cv Fw.-]n.-Fw. Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ \n¿tZ-in-®p. ]n.-Fw. A_q-_-°¿ ]n¥m-ß-n. a‰mcpw a’-c-Øn-\n-√m-ØXv sIm≠v eoU-dmbn kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbsb sFI-I-WvtTy\ sXc-s™-Sp-Øp. a‰p `mc-hm-ln-Iƒ\¬Inb Kwò-c-amb kZy-tbmsS apkvenw eoKns‚ Akwªn ]m¿ńtbmKw Ah-km-\n-®p.

ASpØ cwKw a¥n-k`m cq]o-I-c-W-am-Wv. AXnse ][m\\mb-I-∑mcn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p _m- JnXßƒ. Kuchmlhamb N¿®-Iƒ°mbn s^_p-hcn 25˛\v At±lw Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-tØ°v Xncn-®p. Fw.-F¬.-F. Izmt´-gvkn¬ sh®v At±lhpw Akwªn ]m¿ńeoU¿ kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbbpw am¿InÃv ]m¿ń t\Xmhv C.-Fw.-F-kv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sp-ambn N¿® Bcw-`n-®p. hyXykvX Xm¬]-cy-ß-fpsS ]cn-c-£-I-cmb Ggv cmjvSob I£n-I-fpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ tN¿∂v Hcp a¥n k` AX Ffp-∏-ap≈ Hcp kwK-Xn-b-√. tIc-fob Pohn-X-Øn¬ cqV-aq-e-amb aXw, PmXn, ]tZ-iw, `mj F∂n-XymZn LS-I-ßƒ a¥n-k`m cq]o-I-c-W-Øn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-t°≠nh∂p. AXn-\m¬ D`b I£n˛ _lp-I£n N¿®-Iƒ At\Iw XhWth≠n-h-∂p. HSp-hn¬ F√m-Øn\pw Xocp-am-\-ambn. apJy-a¥n C.-Fw.-F-kns\ IqSmsX am¿InÃv ]m¿ń°v aq∂v a¥n-am¿. kn.-]n.-sF, Fkv.Fkv.-]n, B¿.-F-kv.-]n, apkvenweoKv I£n-Iƒ°v Cuc≠vhoXhpw sI.-Sn.-]n, sI.-Fkv.-]n. I£n-Iƒ°v Hmtcm∂v hoXhpw BsI13 a¥n-am¿. eoKn-s\-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ Fw.-F¬-.F-am-cp≈ kn.-]n.sF°pw Fkv.-F-kv.-]n°pw c≠v a¥n-amsc hoXw Inń-b-t∏mƒeoKn\v 2 a¥n-am-scbpw ]pdsa sU]yqń kv]o°-sdbpw e`n-®-Xn\veoKv t\XrXzw \µn ]d-tb-≠Xv _m-^JnXßtfmSm-Wv. Fkv.-F-kv.-]n°v kv]o°¿ ÿm\hpw apkvenw eoKn\v sU]yqń kv]o°¿


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

192193

ÿm\hpw \¬Im-sa∂v t\Xr-tbmKw Xocp-am-\n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.apkvenw eoKns‚ a¥n-am-scbpw sU]yq´n kv]o°-sdbpw

]Jym-]n-°m≥ kwÿm\ apkvenw eoKv h¿°nwKv IΩn‰n _m-^JnXßsfbmWv A[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. AX-\p-k-cn®v am¿®v aq∂mwXnøXn hS-I-c-bn¬ tN¿∂ apkvenw eoKns‚ Hcp s]mXp-tbm-K-Øn¬sh®m-Wv _m- JnXßƒ a¥n-am-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ ]Jym-]n-®-Xv. DXvI-WvTm-]q¿∆w sNhn Iq¿∏n®p \n∂ P\-k-l-k-ß-fpsS apºn¬ _m-^JnXßƒ D®-`m-jn-Wn-bn-eqsS B t]cp-Iƒ Dßs\ hmbn-®p.

1. kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImb2. Fw.-]n.Fw Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒsU]yq´n kv]o°¿ Fw.-]n.Fw Pm^¿ Jm≥.sXm´-SpØv \n∂v Ccºn adn-bp∂ Ad-_n-°-S-ens\ \ni-_vZ-

am°n sIm≠v l¿jm-chpw apg-°nb P\m-hen Bth-i-Øns‚ as‰mcpalm-k-ap-Z-ambn DfIn adn-™p.

1967 am¿®v 6˛mw XnøXn C.-Fw.-F-kns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ k]vX-I£n ap∂Wn a¥n-am¿ Kh¿W¿ `K-hm≥ klm-bnbpsS apºn¬skI-´dntb-‰nse Z¿_m¿ lmfn¬ \S∂ NS-ßn¬ sh®v kXy-]-Xn⁄ sNbvXp. Ch-cm-bn-cp∂p a¥n-am¿.

1. C.-Fw.-Fkv \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv (ap-Jy-a-¥n)2. sI.-B¿. Kucn (d-h\yq, \nb-aw)3. C.-sI. Cºn®n _mh (Sm≥kvt]m¿´v, `£yw)4. Fw.-sI. IrjvW≥ (l-cn-P-\-t£aw5. ]n.-sI. Ip™p ([-\-Im-cyw)6. ]n.-B¿. Ipdp∏v (P-e-tk-N-\w, kl-I-c-Ww)7. Fw.-F¬. tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿ (Ir-jn, hnZyp-—-‡n)8. Sn.-hn. tXmakv (hy-h-km-bw)9. kn.-F®v. apl-ΩZv tImb (hn-Zym-`ym-kw)10. Fw.-]n.-Fw. Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ (]-©m-b-Øv)11. Sn.-sI. Znhm-c-I≥ (s]m-Xp-a-cm-a-Øv)12. _n. sh√nw-KvS-¨ (B-tcm-Kyw)13. aØmbn am™q-cm≥ (sXm-gn¬)a¥n-amsc Bio¿h-Zn-°m≥ Z¿_m¿ lmfns‚ ap≥\nc-bn¬

Xs∂ \nd™ ]p©n-cnbpw ]qs®-≠p-ambn _m-^JnXßƒ ÿew]nSn-®n-cp-∂p.

hIp∏p hn -P\ N¿®-bnepw D≠m-bn-cp∂p _m- JnXßƒ°vHcp ][m\ tdmƒ. hnZym-`ymk ]Ip∏v apkvenw eoKn\v In´-W-sa∂v



193

At±lw Bh-iy-s∏-´p. AXn\v Dt]m-Xv_-e-I-amb hkvXp-°fpwAt±lw \nc-Øn-sh-®p. hnZym-`ym-k-]-c-ambn G‰hpw ]nt∂m°w\n¬°p∂ Hcp kap-Zm-b-sØ-bmWv apkvenw eoKv ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ ]nt∂m-°m-hÿ am‰n-sb-Sp-°m≥ apkvenweoKv ]Xn-⁄m-_-≤-am-Wv. Cu Ncn-X-]-c-amb ZuXyw-˛-A-sXmcptZiob ZuXyw IqSn-bm-Wv-˛-]q¿Øn-bm-°m≥ hnZym-`ymk hIp∏vssIImcyw sNøm≥ Ah-kcw In´p-∂Xv klm-b-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. ]m¥-h-XvI-cn-°-s∏´ P\-k-aq-l-ßƒ°v Bfl-hn-izmkw ]I-cp-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw B \S-]-Sn. apkvenw eoKns‚ AJn-te¥ym ]kn-U-≠mbJmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_ns‚ \n¿t±ihpw hnZym-`ymk hIp∏v Bh-iy-s∏-S-Ww F∂mWv. Sn.-]n. IpýΩp kmln-_ns\t]mse-bp≈ apkvenw hnZym-`ymk ]h¿Ø-I-∑mcpw hnZym-`ymkhIp∏v Gs‰-Sp-°m≥ _m-^JnXßsf t]cn-∏n-®p. CsX√mw HØp-tN¿∂-t∏mƒ _m-^JnXßƒ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn¬ ]nSn-ap-dp-°n. apJy-a¥n B Ah-Im-i-hmZw A\p-h-Zn®p sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]K-¤-\m-b-˛-Hcp ]s£ ap≠-t»-cn-tb-°mƒ H´pw Ipd-hn-√mØ coXn-bn¬hnZym-`ymk `c-W-Øn¬ ]mK¤yw sXfn-bn-®˛ kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZvtImbsb B hIp-∏ns‚ Npa-Xe G¬∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Gd-\m-Sns‚ Nqc-Sn-°p∂ a¥n Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ°v ssIImcyw sNøm≥Inń-bXv ]©m-bØv nj-dokv hIp-∏p-I-fm-Wv. Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amb]IS\w ImgvN-sh®p sIm≠v B hIp-∏p-I-fpsS ]m[m\yw Fs¥∂vIpcn-°ƒ ImWn®p sImSp-Øp. tIc-f-Øn¬ ]n∂oSv ]kn-≤n-bm¿÷n® A[n-Imc hntI-µo-I-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw hntI-µo-IrX Bkq-X-W-Øn-s‚bpw BZn-kv]-µ-ßƒ tI´Xv Ipcn-°ƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®vss]e‰v sNbvX ]©m-b-Øo-cmPv _n√n-eq-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw eoKvI®-h-S-°m-cp-sSbpw hyh-km-bn-I-fp-sSbpw ]m¿ń-bm-sW∂pw AXn-\m¬Ah¿ hyh-kmb hIp∏v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw ]N-cn-∏n-®-hsc _m-^JnXßƒ \ncm-i-s∏-Sp-Øn. tIc-f-Øn¬ apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\vG‰hpw IqSp-X¬ ]mXn-\n[yw Inń-bXv kv]X-I£n a¥n-k-`-bn-em-sW∂ hkvXpX A]-[m-\-am-sW-¶nepw Nne¿ AXv i≤n-®p.am¿°nÃv ]m¿ń-bn¬ \n∂v Cºn®n _mhbpw Fkv.-F-kv.-]n-bn¬]n.sI. Ip™pw a¥n-am-cm-b-t∏mƒ apkvenw kap-Zmb AwK-ß-fmba¥n-am-cpsS FÆw \membn Db¿∂p. AXn\v apºv Hcp apkvenw a¥n-bn-e-[nIw H‰ a¥n-k-`-bnepw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

Cºn-®n -_m-h°v a¥n-ÿm-\Øv CXv BZy Ah-k-c-am-sW-¶n¬ ]n.-sI. Ip™n\v AXv c≠m-aq-g-am-bn-cp-∂p. CØ-hW Cºn-®n-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

194195

_m-hsb a¥n-bm-°m≥ XmXv]-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂pw Xs∂ a¥n-bm-°n-bn-s√-¶n¬ ]ns∂ ]me°mSv Pn√-bn¬ am¿°nÃv ]m¿´n Ah-ti-jn-°n-s√∂v _mh oj-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xns‚ e-am-bn-´mWv At±-lsØ a¥n-k-`-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-b-sX∂pw A∂v D]-ime hrØ-ß-fn¬ tIƒhn-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ]n.sI. Ip™ns\ a¥n-bm-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ At±-l-Øns‚ ]m¿´n-bmb Fkv.-F-kv.-]n-bn¬ Xs∂ ia-ß-ƒD≠m-b-Xmbn Ip™ns‚ Poh Ncn-X-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p. Pam¬ sIm®-ßmSn Fgp-Xnb "Ip™p kmln_v' F∂ Poh-N-cnX KŸ-Øn¬as‰mcp Imcyw IqSn ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. AXv C]-Imcw hmbn-°pI:˛

""a¥n-k-`-bn¬ 2 eoKp-Im¿ Dƒs∏sS 4 apkvenw a¥n-amcmWp≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. CXv ]e¿°pw Atcm-N-I-ambn tXm∂n.''

C¥ym hn -P-\-Øn\v tij-ap≈ Ncn-X-Øn¬ CZw-]-Y-a-ambnHcp kwÿm\ a¥n-k- -bn¬ CSw-In- n-b-Xns‚ s]cp-a-bp-ambn apkvenweoKns‚ kwÿm\ ktΩ-f\w 1968 s^_p-h-cn-bn¬ tImgn-t°m v \S-∂p. Hcp c-W-I-£n-bpsS ]uVn-°-\p-tbm-Py-amb coXn-bn-emWv CuktΩ-f\w kwL-Sn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv. kn.-F-®v. ]d-™Xv t]mse satΩm-dm-≠-ßƒ \¬Ip∂ ]Z-hn-bn¬ \n∂v satΩm-dm-≠-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°p∂]Z-hn-bn-te°v apkvenw eoKv Db¿∂p Ign-™p. _m-^JnXßfpsSkwLm-S\m ]mS-hhpw AXy-≤zm-\hpw Xs∂-bmWv 68˛se tImgn-t°mSvktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ apJy LS-Iw.

Cu ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ sh®mWv apkvenw eoKv ae-∏pdw Pn√mcq]o-I-cWw Kuc-h-ambpw ]c-ky-ambpw Bh-iy-s∏- -Xv. kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-bmWv Xs‚ ]kw-K-Øn-eqsS ae-∏pdw Pn√m cq]o-I-cWwBh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ ]ta-bsØ hni-Zo-I-cn-®-Xv. CXns‚ IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-ßƒ a¥n-k-`-bnse Xs‚ kl-]-h¿Ø-I≥ Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ\¬Ip-∂-Xm-sW∂pw kn.-F®v Adn-bn-®p. ASpØ Dugw a¥n Ipcn-°-fp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. s\©v Iodp∂ ÿnXn-hn-h-c-°-W-°p-I-fp-ambn]Xy-£-s∏´ Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ P\-e-£-ßsf hnkva-b- -cn-X-am-°nbHcp ]kw-K-am-bn-cp∂p sNbvX-Xv. Gd-\m-Sv-˛-h-≈p-h-\mSv Xmeq-°p-I-fpsS "k¿∆-tXm-∑p-J-amb' At[m-K-Xn-bpsS hmMva-b-NnXw At±lwAh-X-cn-∏n-®p. B Xqeq-°p-I-fnse Bip]Xn InS-°-Iƒ apX¬ac-®o\n Irjn hsc-bp≈ ka-kvX-Im-cy-ßfpw kwkm-cn-°p∂ IW-°p-I-fpsS ]n≥_-e-tØmsS At±lw hni-Zo-I-cn-®p. B IW-°p-Iƒ kwÿm-\-Ønse a‰v Xmeq-°p-I-fn-te-Xp-am-bpw, kwÿm-\-˛-tZ-iob- -km¿∆-tZ-iob \ne-hm-c-hp-am-bp≈ Xmc-X-ay-]-T-\-ßfpw At±lw\S-Øn. \n›-b-ambpw, At\Iw kmº-ØnI imkvX-Im-c-∑m-cp-sSbpw



195

kmt¶-XnI hnZ-KvZ-∑m-cp-sSbpw klm-b-tØmsS At\-I-Zn-h-k-ßƒtlmw h¿°v sNbvXv Xøm-dm-°n-b-Xm-bn-cn-°Ww B ]kw-Kw.

CXn\p apºpw apkvenw eoKv ae-∏pdw Pn√ Bh-iy-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. ]mßn¬ imJm apkvenw eoKv IΩn-‰n-bmWv BZyambn CuBhiyw _lp-P\ i≤-bn¬ s]Sp-Øn-b-Xv. 1960˛¬ apkvenw eoKvFw.-F¬.F ]n. A_vZp¬ aPoZv CXp kw_-‘-ambn tIcf Akw-ªn-bn¬ Hcp ]tabw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. a[y-a-e-_m-dns‚ hnI-k\wImw£n-°p∂ a‰p Nne kmaq-lnI kwL-S-\-Ifpw apkvenw eoKns‚\n¿tZ-i-Øn\v Xmßmbn \n∂p. k]vX-I£n ap∂-Wn-bpsS ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°p∂ thf-bnepw _m-^JnXßƒ Cu Bhiyw D∂-bn-®n-cp-∂p. X° kµ¿`-Øn¬ AXv ]cn-K-Wn-°m-sa∂v F√m-hcpw Hcp[mc-W-bn¬ FØn-t®-cp-Ibpw sNbvX-XmWv. B "am\y-∑m-cpsS Icm¿\S-∏n-em-°m≥' ka-b-ambn F∂mWv apkvenw eoKv Ct∏mƒ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

\n¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ ae-∏p-dw Pn√m cq]o-I-cW]tabw hºn® hmZ-tIm-em-l-e-ßƒ°n-S-bm-°n. CXv "am∏n-f-kvXms‚']pXnb cq]-am-sW∂pw "Ipń ]m°n-kvXm-\m-sW∂pw' a‰p-am-bn-cp∂pBt£-]w. `mc-Xob P\-kwLw AJn-te-¥ym hym]-I-amb ]t£m-`-amWv Cu dh\yp Pn√m cq]o-I-cn-W-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn \S-Øn-b-Xv.tIƒ°m≥ kpJ-an-√mØ Fs¥m-s°tbm Ah¿ hnfn®p ]d-™p.sI. tIf-∏-s\-t∏m-ep≈ Nne k¿t∆m-Z-b-˛-tZ-iob t\Xm-°fpwAhsc t]m’m-ln-∏n-®p. Nne henb ]X-ßfpw Ah¿°v Du¿÷w]I¿∂p. Hcp Ahn-I-knX ]tZ-i-Øns‚ hnI-k\w ap≥ \n¿ØnD∂-bn-°-s∏´ \ncp-]-Z-h-I-c-amb Cu Bhiyw tIc-f-Øn¬ Hcp kap-Zm-bnI ]iv\-Øn-s‚ cq]w ssIsIm-≈m≥ t]mIp-∂p-sh∂v tXm∂n-b-t∏mƒ _m- JnXßƒ CS-s]- p. CS-s\©v s]mń-s°m≠v At±lwAt]-£n-®p: ""ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc, Hcp dh\yq Pn√ cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s‚ t]cn¬ Cu \mń¬ \q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn \ne-\n¬°p∂ kmap-Zm-bnI kulm¿±w XI¿°m≥ \mw Bscbpw A\p-h-Zn-°-cp-Xv. ae-∏p-dØv Hcp Ie-IvSdpw Ipsd DtZym-K-ÿ-∑mcpw hcp-∂Xv sIm≠vB¿°pw Hcp \jvShpw hcm-\n-√. ]s£, AXn-t\-°mƒ FXtbm][m-\-am-Wv a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn-ep≈ tbmPn-∏v. AXn-\m¬ amXr-Im-]-c-amb Bfl-kw-b-a\w ]men-°-W-sa∂v apkvenw kap-Zm-b-tØmSv Rm≥Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p.'' lrZ-b-kv]r-°mb B A`y¿∞-\°v Bim-ky-amb ]Xn-I-c-W-ap-≠mbn. P\-kw-L-°mcpw Pn√m hncp-≤-°mcpwHt´sd ]tIm-]-\-ßƒ krjvSn-®n´pw apkvenw ]£Øv Hco® t]mepw


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

196

A\-ßn-bn-√.ae-∏pdw Pn√m- cq-]o-I-cW hnjbw a¥n-k-`-bn¬ N¿®°v

h∂-t∏mgpw apkvenw eoKv a¥n-am¿°v shdp-sX-bn-cn-°m≥ Ign-™n-√. Nne am¿InÃv Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ t]mepw Pn√-s°-Xn-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Cui¶ Nne a¥n-am¿°p-ap-≠m-bn. "CXv A¬]w Ign™p t]msc'? F∂kwi-b-tØmsS Hcp a¥n ]tcm-£-ambn Xs‚ AlnXw Adn-bn-®p.kn.-F-®v. ]d-™p. "AXv Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ thWw. Ct∏m-gn-s√-¶n¬

dnt∏m¿´v sNøm≥ a¥n-k` Hcp Iym_n-\‰v D]-k-an-Xnsb A[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øn. apJy-a¥n C.-Fw.-F-kv., kn.-F-®v., sI.-B¿. Kucn F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p D]-k-aXn AwK-ßƒ.

Pn√m cq]o-I-c-W-Øns‚ ]mcw` \S-]-Sn-Iƒ°mbn ko\n-b¿-o^mH ¬yj]svk \sc-zi-ofmI .≥F-.F bm\-ÿvK-myZtD vkF-.F.Fs

k-dmbn \n›-bn-®p. At±lw ka¿∏n® dnt∏m¿´n¬ 1313.14 NXp-cissa¬ `qhnkvXr-Xnbpw 13,94,000 P\-kw-Jy-bp-ap≈ Hcp Pn√ cq]o-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂v ip]m¿i sNbvXp. B dnt∏m¿´v 1969 sabv 5˛mw

nXønX wm˛61 ¨qP 9691 .p®-nc-I-oKwA wKmbt-m-k-n¥a ∂¿Nt nXønXae-∏pdw Bÿm-\-ambn ]pXnb Pn√ \ne-hn¬ h∂p. ]pXnb Pn√-bpsS BZysØ Ie-IvS-dmbn \nb-an-X-\m-bXv sI. mkvI-c≥ \mb-cm-Wv. kt¥mjw Xpfpºn \n∂ Cu cwK-Øn\v km£yw hln-°m≥ae-∏pdw Pn√-bpsS in¬]n-bmb Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.Ggv amkw apºv At±lw acn-®p t]mbn.

_m-^JnXßsf A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ sR´n∏n-®-Xm-bn-cp∂pAl-ΩZv Ipcn-°-fpsS ac-Ww. amc-I-amb Icƒ tcmKw _m[n®v Ipcn-°ƒ Bip-]-Xn-bn¬ InS-∂-t∏mƒ _m-^JnXßƒ F√m Znh-khpwAhnsS t]mhp-Ibpw NnIn’m Imcy-ßƒ At\z-jn-°p-Ibpw sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tUm. kn.-sI. cma-N-µ≥ B A\p-`-h-ßsf Cßs\hnh-cn-°p-∂p.

""P\m_v Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ tcmK-K-kvX-\mbn Fs‚hm¿Un¬ InS-∂n-cp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ GXm≠v \ntXy-\-sb-t∂mWwRßƒ kwkm-cn-®n-cp-∂p. B tcmK-Øns‚ kz`m-hhpw Kuc-hhpw

d≥ P¿Ω\n XpS-ßnb ÿe-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ]tXyI acp-∂p-Iƒ-met¿js eoj bmb-[vK-Znh Kmct ƒcI esn≠-•wC wp\nX-∂-pØ-pch-ßX.P vX®-nb\ vm∂tpa ∂sF wp\nX-∂-pSXt wiZt-]D wp∂n\ ¬n°

fm-bn-cp-∂p. tcmKw Akm-[y-X-bn¬ apt∂m v t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ



197

A∏-t∏m-gp≈ tcmK hnhcw C.-Fw.-F- n-s\bpw BtcmKy hIp∏v a¥nsh√nw-KvS-tWbpw Adn-bn-°-W-sa∂v P. Xßƒ Ft∂mSv \n¿t±-in-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Hcp Znhkw cmhnse Xßƒ Fs‚ ASpØv h∂v]d-™p. "\nßƒ F¥v ]d-™mepw icn C\n Cu tcmK-Øn\v NnIn-’-bn-√. IqSn-bm¬ c≠p aq∂v Znh-kw. AXp-sIm≠v tcmKnsb Rm≥at©-cn-bn-te°v sIm≠p t]mhp-I-bm-Wv. Xß-fpsS Xocp-am\w AN-©-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-aq-e-am-Wv P:Ipcn-°sf hoń-te°v am‰n-b-Xv. B]h-N\w A£-cw-]Xn icn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.'' 1968 HIvtSm-_¿ 24˛mw XnøXnsshIp-t∂cw P\m_v Al-ΩZv Ipcn-°ƒ A¥y-izmkw hen-®p. Gd-\m-Sns‚ hoc-]p-X-\p≈ A¥n-tam-]-Nm-c-ßƒ \nd-I-Æp-I-tfmsS _m-^JnXßƒ \n¿∆-ln-®p.

Ipcn-°ƒ°p tijw apkvenw eoKns‚ a¥n Bsc∂v Xocp-am-\n-°m≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ kwÿm\ kanXn ]Xn-hn≥ ]Sn _m-^JnXßsf A[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øn. _m-^JnXßƒ eoKv Akwªn]m¿ń-bnse ]cn-N-b-k-º-∂\pw ]Iz-a-Xn-bp-amb Ahp-°m-Z¿ Ipń \l-bpsS t]cmWv ]Jym-]n-®-Xv. AXv k¿∆-k-Ω-X-ambn kzmKXw sNø-s∏-´p.

Aßs\ Ahp-°m-Z¿ Ipń \l k]vXI£n a¥n-k-`-bn¬apkvenw eoKns‚ a¥n-bmbn kXy-]-Xn⁄ sNbvXp. Ipcn-°-fpsShIp-∏p-Iƒ Xs∂-bmWv At±-lhpw ssIImcyw sNbvX-Xv.

hIp∏p hn`-P-\-Øns‚ BZy L´-Øn¬ kn.-]n. FΩn\pwkn.-]n.-sF-°p-an-S-bn¬ Akzm-c-ky-ß-fp-≠m-b-t∏mƒ _m-^JnXßƒCS-s]´v km¥z-\-s∏-Sp-Ønb IY Fw.-F≥. tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿ ]d-bp-∂p≠v. Fw.-F≥ Cßs\ A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p. ""ko‰p hn`-P\ Imcy-Øn-se√mw Gsd-°psd am¿InÃv ]m¿ńsb A\p-Iq-en-°p∂ \ne-]mSmWv A∂v _m^Jn Xßƒ FSp-Øn-cp-∂-sX-¶nepw hIp∏v hn`-P\ ]iv\w h∂-t∏mƒ eoKv, hnti-jn®pw Xßƒ kzX-¥-amb \ne-]m-SmWv kzoI-cn-®-Xv. hyh-km-bhpw [\-Im-cyhpw Rßƒ°v \¬I-W-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬ eoKn\v hfsc \n¿_-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ][m-\-s∏´ c≠v hIp-∏p-Iƒ Rßƒ°v Xcn-I-bn-s√∂v am¿InÃv ]m¿ń°vimTyhpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. BZysØ N¿®-Iƒ Hcp ]Xn-k-‘n-bn¬Imcy-ßƒ sIm≠p-sN-s∂-Øn-®p. ASpØ Znhkw ho≠pw IqSn-b-t∏mgpw Ccp-Iq-´-cp-sSbpw \ne°v am‰-an-s√∂v hy‡-am-bn. ]Xn-k‘nHgn-hm-°p-∂-Xn\v th≠n [\-Imcyw Rßƒ FSp-°p-∂n-s√∂pwam¿InÃv ]m¿ń \n¿t±-in® coXn-bn¬ Irjn-bpw hnZyp-—-‡nbpwsIm≠v Xr]vXn-s∏´p sIm≈m-sa∂pw Rßƒ ]Jym-]n-®p. AXv _m-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

198199

^JnXßƒ°v Xosc ckn-®n-√. imk\m cq]-Øn¬ Xs∂ A∂vAt±lw Ft∂mSv kwkm-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. hIp∏v hn -P-\-Øn¬ Hcp]Xn-k‘n Hgn-hm-t°-≠Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX At±-l-hp-ambn N¿®sNbvX tij-amWv B Xocp-am-\-Øn\v At±lw hg-ßn-b-Xv.''

[\-Imcy hIp∏v ]n.-sI. Ip™n-\mWv \¬In-b-Xv. AXpw]q¿Æ-ambn \¬In-bn-√. [\-Imcy hIp-∏ns‚ kp]-[m\ LS-I-ambSmIvtk-j≥ hIp∏v Ip™n\v \¬In-bn-√. SmIvtk-j≥ sI.-B¿. Kucn-°mWv \¬In-b-Xv. CXv Ip™n\v sskzc-t°-Sp-≠m-°n.

kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb hnZym-`ym-k-h-Ip-∏ns‚ `cWw hnP-b-I-c-ambn apt∂m´v sIm≠p-t]m-bn. ]´w, ]\-ºn-≈n, ap≠-t»cn apX-emb AXn-Im-b-∑m¿ hneknb hnZym-`ymk hIp-∏n¬ Hcp XpS-°-°m-c-\mb kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbbpsS ]I-S-\sØ Bi¶tbmsSho£n-®n-cp-∂-h¿s°√mw Bim-`wKw hcp-Øn-s°m≠v G‰hpw anI®hnZym-`ymk a¥n-sb∂ Io¿Øn-bm¿÷n-°m≥ At±-l-Øn\v A¬]amkßtf th≠n-h-∂p-≈q. sk°-≠dn hnZym-`ymkw kuP-\y-am-°p-Ibpw k¿∆-I-im-ime sk\-‰n¬ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v ]mXn-\n[yw\¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp sIm≠v kn.-F-®v. bph-P\ ka-ql-Øn\v CjvS-an-X-am-bn. tZiob hnZym-`ymk IΩo-j-\mb tImØmcn IΩo-j≥dnt∏m¿´v a‰p kwÿm-\sØ hnZym-`ymk a¥n-am¿ Ae-am-c-I-fn¬AS-®p-]q-´n-bt∏mƒ kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb B ip]m¿i-Iƒ \S-∏n-em-°m≥ Ic-fp-d-t∏msS apt∂m´v h∂p. Xs‚ Zo¿L-Ime kz]v\-amb Imen-°‰v k¿∆-I-em-ime Bcw-`n-°m≥ tImØmcn IΩo-j≥ip]m¿i-Iƒ kn.-F-®n\v XpW-bm-bn. At±-l-Øns‚ Xf-cmØ t]mcm-´-Øns‚ ^e-ambn 1968 sk]vXw-_¿ 13˛mw XnøXn Imen-°‰v bqWn-th-gvkn‰n A∂sØ tIµ hnZy-`ymk a¥n tUm. XnKp¨sk≥DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp. Cu t\´-ßƒs°√mw kn.-F-®ns‚ ]n∂n¬]tNm-Z-\-Øns‚ h‰mØ Dd-h-bmbn _m-^JnXßƒ \ne-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. ]pXnb k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bpsS DZvLm-S-\-th-f-bn¬ apJym-Xn-Yn-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ _m-^JnXßfpsS ]p©ncn XqIp∂ apJhpwImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ad-_n- -D-dp-Zp- -kw-kvIrX mj-I-fpsS A[ym-]\whym]-I-am-°p-I, kne-_kv \ho-I-cW kanXn cq]o-I-cn-°pI, Ad_nA[ym-]-I-tcm-Sp≈ hnth-N\w Hgn-hm-°p-I, IqSp-X¬ tImtf-Pp-I-fpwsslkvIq-fp-Ifpw A\p-h-Zn-°pI apX-embn tIc-fØns‚ Ncn-X-Øn¬ an∂n-Øn-f-ßp∂ FºmSpw ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ hnZym- ymk afi-e-Øn¬ At±lw \S-∏n-em-°n.

]s£ Cu kt¥mj \mfp-Iƒ A[nIw \o≠p-\n-∂n-√.



199

F√m-h-scbpw tbmPn-∏n®p sIm≠p-t]m-hm≥ _m[y-ÿ-cmbam¿InÃv ]m¿ń-bmWv Ak-ln-jvWp-X-bpsS AS-bm-f-ßƒ BZy-ambn]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-∏n-®-Xv. _q¿jzm P\m-[n-]Xy hnπhw am¿InÃv tXXr-Xz-Øn¬ thWw \S-°m≥ F∂v iTn-°p∂ Xß-fpsS P\-Io-b˛ P\m-[n-]Xy sse≥ a¥n-k-`-bn-en-cp∂p sIm≠v \S-∏n-em-°m≥ am¿InÃv]m¿ń ian-°p-∂p-sh-∂mbn kn.-]n.-sF-bpsS Bt£-]w. am¿InÃv]m¿ń-bpsS "hen-tb- ≥ at\m- mhw' F∂v ]X-°mcpw a‰v ]m¿ń-°mcpwkn.-]n.-F-Ωns‚ \ne-]mSns\ Bt£-]n-®p. LS-I-I-£n-Ifpw am¿InÃv]m¿ń-bp-am-bp≈ sshcp[yw \mƒ°p-\mƒ aq¿®n®p h∂p. B Fcn-Xo-bn¬ FÆ Hgn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p [\-Imcy a¥n ]n.-sI. Ip™n-s\-Xnsc apJy-a¥n \S-Ønb Hfn-bp-≤w.

\mSns\ \Sp-°nb \Ivk-sse‰v BI-a-W-ßƒ Ia-k-am-[m\XI¿®-bn-te°v hnc¬ Nq≠n. \Ivk-sse‰v bphm-°ƒ Xe-t»-cn-bn-tebpw ]p¬∏-≈n-bn-tebpw Ip‰ym-Sn-bn-tebpw t]meokv tÃj-\p-IƒBI-an-°p-Ibpw Bbp-[-ßƒ sIm≈-b-Sn-°p-Ibpw t]meo-kp-ImscsIm√p-Ibpw \mń≥]p-d-ß-fn¬ H‰-s∏´ sIme-]m-X-I-ßƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

a¥n-k`sb ]nSn®p Ipep°n sIm≠v [\-Imcy a¥n ]n.-sI.Ip™p cmPn-sh-®p.

]Xym-LmX \n¿`-c-amb B cmPn°v ]n∂n¬ \mS-Io-b-ambNne kw`-h-ß-fp-≠v. a¥n-k-`-bn¬ Fkv.-F-kv.-]n-bpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-bmWv ]n.-sI. Ip™p. Fkv.-F-kv.-]n-bpsS tIµt\XrXzw \S-Ønb"I®v kXym-Kl'tØmS-\p-_-‘n®v \S∂ ka-c-]-cn-]m-Sn-bpsS `mK-ambn ]n.-sI. Ip™pw cmPn-sh-°-W-sa∂v Fkv.-F-kv.-]n-bpsS tIµt\XrXzw Bh-iy-s∏-´p. Ipdp∏pw Ip™pw AXv Iq´m-°n-bn-√. êwtIc-f-Øn¬ Fkv.-F-kv.]n ]nf¿∂p. sI.-sI. A_p-hns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ HutZym-KnI Fkv.-F-kv.-]n-bn¬ A©v Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ Ah-ti-jn-®-t∏mƒ ]m¿ń hn´v sF.-F-kv.-]n-bm-bn-Øo¿∂ (BZyw sI.-F-kv.-F-kv.-]n-bm-bn-cp-∂p)-Ip-dp-∏v-˛-Ip™p Kq∏ns‚ IqsS 14 Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ AWn-\n-c-∂p. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚ ]n¥pW HutZym-KnI Fkv.-F-kv.-]n.-tbm-Sm-bn-cp-∂p.

kz¥w ]m¿ń-bnse Fw.-F¬.-F-am-cmb ]n.-]n. hn¬k¨ [\-Im-cy-a-¥n-s°-Xnsc \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ Btcm-]Ww D∂-bn-®p. CuBtcm-]-W-ßsf ]‰n `cW ap∂-Wn-bpsS GtIm-]\ kan-Xn-bntema¥n-k-`-bntem N¿® sNømsX \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv Ip™n-s\-Xn-cmbn


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

200201

\S-]-Sn-s°m-cp-ßn.Ip™n-s\-Xn-cmb Icp-\o-°-ß-fn¬ _m-^JnXßƒ Akz-

ÿ-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ""c≠p Znh-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Rm≥ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØvhcp-∂p-s≠∂pw AXn-\n-S-bn¬ Ip™n-s\-Xn-cmb Xocp-am-\-ß-sfm-∂p-sa-Sp-°-cp-sX∂pw'' ImWn®v _m-^JnXßƒ apJy-a-¥n°v Iºn-b-Sn-®p. ]s£ _m-^JnXßfpsS h≠n Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv FØp-∂-Xn\v c≠p aWn-°q¿ apºv apJy-a¥n Xs‚ IØv ]tXyI ZqX≥hgn [\-Imcy a¥n°v Ab®p sImSp-Øp. Ip™v cmPn-sh-°-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p apJy-a¥n IØn¬ Bh-iy-s∏-´n-cp-∂-Xv. sabv ]ØmwXnøXn sshIp-t∂-c-amWv apJy-a-¥n-bpsS IØv Ip™v ssI]-‰n-b-Xv. A∂v cmXn _m-^JnXßƒ apJy-a¥nsbbpw sI.-B¿. Kucn-sbbpw I≠p. 11˛mw XnøXn tN¿∂ sF.-F-kv.]n tbmKw apJy-a¥nAb® IØv Xßƒ°v kzoIm-cy-a-s√∂v hy‡-am-°n.

sabv 11˛mw XnøXn Ip™p-km-ln_v Kh¿Wsd I≠v N¿®sNbvXp. Ip™p-km-ln_v Cd-ßnb DSs\ _m-^JnXßfpw kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbbpw Kh¿Wsd ImWm≥ cmPv`-h-\n-se-Øn.cmjvSob kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ßƒ _m-^JnXßƒ Kh¿W¿°v hnh-cn®psImSp-Øp. apJy-a¥n Bh-iy-s∏-´m¬ [\-Imcy a¥n°v cmPn-sh-°msX a‰p hgn-I-sfm-∂p-an-s√∂v Kh¿W¿ Adn-bn-®p. A∂p Xs∂_m- JnXßƒ kn.-]n.-sF. t\Xm-°-fmb Fw.-F≥ tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿,shfnbw `m¿§-h≥, Fkv. Ipam-c≥, F≥.-C. _me-dmw, B¿.-F-kv.-]n. t\Xmhv ioI-WvT≥ \mb¿ F∂n-h-cp-ambn Ip™p ]iv\hpwA\p-_‘ ]iv\-ßfpw N¿® sNbvXp.

sabv 13˛mw XnøXn [\-Imcy a¥n ]n.-sI. Ip™p C.-Fw.-Fkv a¥n-k-`-bn¬ \n∂v cmPn-sh-®p.

Ip™ns‚ ]n≥Km-an-bmbn sF.-F-kv.-]n-bnse F≥.-sI.tij≥ [\-Imcy a¥n-bm-bn.

AXn-\n-S-bn¬ cmjvSsØ sR´n-∏n®p sIm≠v C¥y-bpsScmjvS-]Xn tUm. k°o¿ lpssk≥ 1969 sabv aq∂mw XnøXn lrZbkvXw`\w aqew \ncym-X-\m-bn. At±-l-Øns‚ \ncymWw cmjvS-Øn\vt\cn´ A]cn-lm-cy-amb alm \jvS-am-sW∂v _m-^JnXßƒ ]d-™p. cmjvS]Xn `h-\n-te°v Ab®p sImSpØ A\p-tim-N\ ktµ-i-Øn¬ _m-^JnXßƒ Cßs\ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn.

""A√mlp At±-l-Øn\v am∏p \¬It´ F∂p ]m¿∞n-°p-Itb C\n \n¿hm-l-ap-≈q. cmjvS-]Xn F∂ \ne°v Xs‚ I¿Ø-hy-ßƒ kvXpXy¿lamw hn[w \n¿∆-ln®p t]mcp-∂-Xn-\n-S°v hfsc



201

s]s´∂v t\cn´ Cu Zpc-¥-Øns‚ hm¿Ø Fs∂ h√msX Zp:Jn∏n-®p. Cu Zp:Jw Fßs\ HXp-°m-\m-hp-sa∂v F\n-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm. hfschnjaw ]nSn® A¥-co-£-Øn¬ F√m ]iv\-ßfpw kulm¿±-]-c-ambn ]cn-l-cn-°-W-sa∂v A`n-e-jn-°p∂ kuay-io-e\pw \oXn-\n-jvT\pw Bb B \√ a\p-jy-\n¬ C¥y≥ P\X Bi-b-¿∏n-®n-cp-∂p. Cu L -Øn¬ P\-X°pw cmPy-Øn\pw hºn® BLm-Xhpw \jvS-hp-ta¬∏n-®mWv At±lw \sΩ hn´p-]n-cn-™-Xv.''

D]-cm-jvS-]Xn hn.-hn. Kncn BIvSnwKv ]kn-U-≠mbn kvXy]-Xn⁄ sNbvXp.

kn.-]n.-sFbpw am¿InÃv ]m¿ń-bp-am-bp≈ X¿°w aq¿[-\ym-h-ÿ-bn-se-Øn. \Ivk-enkw ]nSn-®p-e® am¿InÃv ]m¿ń-bn¬ \n∂vsI.-]n.-B¿. tKm]m-e≥, sI.-sI. IÆ≥, Fw.-sI. tPm¿÷v, tImkecmwZmkv, F.-hn. Bcy≥, tUm. ]n.-sI. kpIp-am-c≥ F∂o Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ cmPn-sh-®p. sI.-Sn.-]n.-°m-c-\mb Btcm-Ky-a¥n _n. sh√nw-KvSÄgn-aXn \S-Øn-sb∂v Akw-ªn-bn¬ Btcm-]-W-ap-≠m-bn. ]s£Ip™p kmln-_n-t\mSv ssIsIm≠ \b-a√ \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv sh√nw-KvS-Wn-t\mSv kzoI-cn-®-Xv. a¥n-am¿s°-Xn-cmbn cW I£n AwK-ßƒXs∂ tNcn-Xn-cn™v Btcm-]-W-ßƒ sNmcn-™p. Agn-aXn Btcm-]-W-ßfn¬ Ig-ºpt≠m F∂v apJy-a¥n GI-\mbn At\z-j-n-°-cp-sX∂pw \n¿±n-jvS-amb Agn-aXn hncp-≤- _n¬ \nb-a-am-Ip-∂Xv hsc,Agn-aXn Btcm-]-W-ß-fn¬ ]Ya ZrjvSym tIkpt≠m F∂v At\z-jn-°m≥ Hcp CS-°me sajn-\dn cq]o-I-cn-°-W-sa∂pw AXn¬ Hcp]Xn-]£ Fw.-F¬.-F-sbbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂pw _m- JnXßƒA`n-]m-b-s∏-´p. ]s£ apJy-a¥n AXv kzoI-cn-®n-√. a¥n-am-cpsSt]cn¬ Agn-aXn Btcm-]-W-ß-fp-≠m-hp-tºmƒ ]Ya ZrjvSym tIkp-t≠m F∂v ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠Xv apJy-a¥n BsW∂pw B A[n-ImcwXm≥ B¿°pw ]¶v sh°m≥ Hcp-°-a-s√-∂p-amWv \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚\ne-]m-Sv. Hcp Iq´pI£n `cW hyh-ÿ-bn¬ AwKo-I-cn-°m-\m-hp-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂n√ apJy a¥n-bpsS B \ne-]mSv

1969 BKÃv 14˛mw XnøXn apJy-a¥n DZ-c-tcmK NnIn-’-°mbn Ing-°≥ P¿Ω-\n-bn-te°v t]mbn. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ apJy-a-¥n-bpsS Npa-Xe At±lw Bscbpw G¬]n-®n-√.]s£ k`m t\Xm-hns‚ Npa-Xe ioaXn sI.B¿. Kucnsb G¬∏n-®p. B`y-¥c hIp∏v ssIImcyw sNøm≥ Fw.-sI. IrjvW-s\bpw

Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

202

16Kh¨sa‚p-Iƒ XI-cp-∂Xv

1969 BKÃv 18˛mw XnøXn \nb-a-k` ktΩ-fn-®-t∏mƒ a¥n-am¿s°-Xn-cmbn Agn-a-Xn-bm-tcm-]-W-ßƒ sIm≠v k`m-Xew apJ-cn-X-am-bn. a¥n-am-cmb _n. sh√nw-KvSWpw aØm-bn-am-™q-cm-\p-sam-gn-sI-bp≈ as‰√m a¥n-am-cpw am¿InÃv ]m¿ń-s°-Xnsc AWn-\n-c-∂p. `c-W-]£ Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ Btcm-]Ww D∂-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]Xn-]-£sØ Ih®p sh®p. _n. sh√nw-KvS-sW-Xn-cmbn Agn-a-Xn-bm-tcm-]WwBZyw D∂-bn-®Xv am¿InÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS apJ-]-X-amb tZim-`n-am-\n-bm-Wv. ]n∂oSv Ifn-ap-dp-In-b-t∏mƒ am¿InÃv ]m¿ń, BtcmKy a¥n-bpsS kwc-£-I-cmbn amdp-∂-Xm-Wv I≠-Xv. sI.-Sn.-]n-bpsS c≠v Fw.-F¬.-F-amsc Xß-fpsS IqsS \n¿Øm≥ am¿InÃv ]m¿ń°v Aß-s\-sbmcp Ifn Ifn-t°≠n h∂p. ]s£ \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ sh√nw-K-S-Wn-s\-Xn-cmb Btcm-]-W-ß-fpsS IpsØm-gp-°m-Wp-≠m-b-Xv.

A°m-cy-Øn¬ ]Xn-]-£-I-£n-Ifpw ]apJ am¿In-Ãn-XcI£n-Ifpw GIm-`n-]m-b-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-te°p≈ BZy NphSvsh∏v F∂ \ne-bn¬ F≥.-sF. tZh-kn-°pń Hcp A\u-tZym-KnI ]ta-b-Øn\v t\mókv \¬In-sb-¶nepw ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p.

Hcp amk-Øn\v tijw \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ kn.-]n.-sF-bnse C.Nµ-ti-J-c≥ \mb-cpsS ]tabw hy‡-amb qcn-]-£-tØmsS ]m m-bn. At±lw Ah-X-cn-∏n® ]tabw CXm-bn-cp∂p:˛

"BtcmKya¥n _n. sh√nw-K-S-Wn-s\-Xn-cmbn \nb-a-k-`-bn¬D∂-bn-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ Btcm-]-W-sØ]‰n At\z-jWw \S-Øm≥1952˛se IΩo-j≥ Hm^v F≥Iz-b-dokv BIvSv A\p-k-cn®v Hcp- ssl-t°m-SXn PUvPn-tb-tbm, dn´-tb¿Uv sslt°m-SXn PUvPn-tbtbmF≥Iz-bdn IΩo-j-\mbn 18˛10˛1969 \Iw \nb-an-°-W-sa∂v Cu k`Kh¨sa‚n-t\mSv A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p.'



203

£p`n-X-cmb am¿Ivkn-Ãp-Im¿ kv]o°¿ Un. Zmtam-Z-c≥ t]m‰n-s°-Xn-cmbn Ahn-izmk ]ta-b-Øn\v t\mókv sImSp-Øp. B ]ta-b-Øn≥ta¬ Xocp-am\w BIp-∂Xv hsc Xm≥ C\n-bp-ff \nb-a-k`mtbmK-ß-fn¬ B≤y£w hln-°p-I-bn-s√∂v Zmtam-Z-c≥ t]m‰n ]Jym-]n-®p. ae-bmf kmln-Xy-Ønse tXtPm-tKm-f-amb IYm-Imcn efn-Xmw-_nI A¥¿P-\-Øns‚ ktlm-Z-c\pw D∂-X-Ip-e-Pm-X-\p-amb t]m‰nXs‚ am\yX sXfn-bn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. sU]yqń kv]o°¿ Fw.-]n.-Fw. Pm^¿Jm-\mWv ]n∂oSv Ipsd Znhkw \nb-a-k`m tbmK-ß-fn¬B≤y£w hln-®-Xv. kn.-]n.-sF. a¥n-am-cmb ]n.-B¿. Ipdp∏v F∂n-h¿s°-Xn-cmbn am¿InÃvImcpw, am¿InÃv a¥n-am-cmb sI.-B¿. Kucn,C. sI. Cºn-®n-_m-h, Fw.-sI. IrjvW≥ F∂n-h¿s°-Xn-cmbn kn.-]n.-sF.°mcpw Btcm-]-W-ß-fpsS sI -gn-®p. apJy-a-¥n°pw apkvenw-eoKva¥n-am¿°p-sa-Xn-cmbn Bcpw Hc-£-c-hp-ap-cn-bm-Sn-bn-√.

Ipg™p adn™ tIcf cmjvSo-b-sØ-]-‰n apkvenw eoKns‚tZiob t\Xr-Xz-hp-ambn N¿® sNøm≥ _m-^JnXßƒ aZn-cm-in-bn-te°v t]mbn. HIvtSm-_¿ aq∂mw XnøXn AhnsS C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥apkvenw eoKns‚ \mj-W¬ FIvkn-Iyq-óhv \S-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.\mep amkw apºv sabv 17˛mw XnøXn ]pXn-b-ßm-Sn-bnse _m-^JnXßfpsS hk-Xn-bn¬ tN¿∂ tIcf tÃ‰v apkvenw-eoKv h¿°nwKvIΩn‰n "tIc-f-Øn¬ Ct∏m-gp-≠m-bn-´p≈ a¥n-k`m Ipg-∏-Øn¬C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKv ]kn-U-≠p-ambn Btem-Nn®v th≠Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°m≥' _m-^JnXßsf Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.

_m- JnXßƒ aZm-kn¬ t]mIp-∂Xv tIcf a¥n-k- -bvs°-Xn-cmbn Cµn-cm-Km-‘nsb I≠v KqVm-tem-N\ \S-Øm-\msW∂vam¿InÃv t\Xmhv F.-sI. tKm]m-e≥ Hcp ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ Bt£-]n-®p. Ahm-kvXhhpw _men-i-hp-amb B ]kvXm-h\ Bcpw IW-°n-se-Sp-Øn-√.

C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKv h¿°nwKv IΩn‰n tIcfcmjvSobw N¿® sNøm≥ Hcp-]mSv kabw hn\n-tbm-Kn-®p. tIµ-Øn¬kw`-hn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p∂ Ne-\-ßsfbpw ]h¿ØI kanXn Ah-tem-I\w sNbvXp. 50 tImSn-bn-e-[nIw \nt£-]-ap≈ 14 h≥InSkzmImcy _m¶p-Iƒ tZi-h-XvI-cn-®p sIm≠v 1969 Pqembv amk-Øn¬Cµn-cm-Km‘n sIm≠p-h∂ _n√n-s\-bpw, cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS ]ohn-t]gvkv \n¿Øem°p∂ \nb-a-sØbpw apkvenw eoKv A\p-Iq-en-®p.tIm¨Kkv hntcm-[-Øns‚ a™p-I-´-Iƒ sas√ Dcp-Im≥ XpS-ßp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Im-cy-ßƒ _m- JnXßƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-®p. sFIy-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

204205

ap-∂-Wn-bn¬ sFIyw ]p\:ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\pw ap∂-Wn-bpsS `mhn]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ kpK-a-ambn sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂Xp kw_-‘n® Xocp-am-\-ßƒ FSp-°p-∂-Xn\pw th≠n-h-∂m¬ apkvenw eoKv tIcf a¥n-k- -bn¬ XpS-c-Wtam th≠tbm F∂-X-S°w F√m Imcy-ßfpw Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂Xn\pw 1969 BKÃv 3˛mw XnøXn Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv tN¿∂tIcf tÃ‰v apkvenw eoKns‚ ]tabw _m-^JnXßƒ eoKv \mj-W¬ FIvkn-Iyq-óhns‚ i≤-bn¬s∏-Sp-Øn. "Agn-aXn At\z-j-W-Im-cy-Øn¬ Hcp hn´p-ho-gvNbpw th≠' F∂ kwÿm\ apkvenweoKns‚ \ne-]m-Sns\ \mj-W¬ FIvkn-Iyq-óhv icn-sh-®p.

tUmIvS¿ k°o¿lp-ssks‚ \ncym-WsØ XpS¿∂v 1969BKÃv 20˛mw XnøXn \S∂ cmjvS-]Xn sXc-s™-Sp∏v C¥y≥ cmjvSo-b-Øn\v ]pXn-sbmcp KXn-am-‰-Øn\v XpS°w Ipdn-®p. tIm¨K-kns‚HutZym-KnI ÿm\m¿∞n-bmb F≥. kRvPo-h-sd-UvVn-s°-Xnsc hn.-hn. Kncn a’-cn®p. ][m-\-a¥n Cµn-cm-Km‘nbpsS ]n¥pW hn.-hn.Kncn-°m-bn-cp-∂p. eoKpw Kncnsb ]n¥m-ßn. Xan-gv\m- nse apkvenw eoKvt\Xmhpw ap≥. Fw.-]n.-bp-amb F.-sI.-cn-^mbn Cßs\ Fgp-Xp-∂p.

""cmjvS-]Xn sXc-s™-Sp∏v ImeØv apkvenw eoKn\v Xan-gv\mSv\nb-a-k- -bn¬ aq∂v Fw.-F¬.-F-am-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tIcf \nb-a-k- -bn¬15 (14) t]cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. alm-cmjvS \nb-a-k- -bn¬ Hcp apkvenw eoKvFw.-F¬.-F-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ]›n-a-_w-Kmƒ \nb-a-k- -bn¬ 7 apkvenw eoKvFw.-F¬.-F-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. U¬ln temIv-k- -bnepw cmPy-k- -bn-ep-ambnsamØw Ggv apkvenw eoKv Fw.-]n. amcp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-cp-sS-sb√mwthm´p-IfpsS samØw aqeyw GI-tZiw 50000 t]mbn‚p-Iƒ hcpw.AXbpw t]mbn‚p-Iƒ hn.-hn. Kncn°v \¬I-s∏- p. hn.-hn. Kncn 14650t]mbn‚p-Iƒ IqSp-X¬ t\Sn hnPbw hcn-®p. X’abw apkvenw eoKns‚]°¬ 50000 t]mbn‚p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw eoKv ]m¿ń amXw Cµn-cm-Km-‘n°v ]n¥pW \¬ImsX FXn-cmbn thm v sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬C∂v C¥ym NcnXw Xs∂ as‰mcp Xc-Øn¬ Fgp-X-s∏-t -s\.....''

""cmjvS-]Xn sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ Cµn-cm-Km-‘n°v ]n¥pW\¬In-b-Xn¬ amXw apkvenw eoKv HXpßn \n∂n-√. Ah¿ sIm≠p-h∂ _m¶v tZi-km-XvI-cW \nb-aw, ]ohn-t]gvkv \n¿Ø-em-°¬\nbaw t]msebp≈ tkmjy-enÃv ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°pw apkvenw eoKv]n¥pW sImSp-Øp.''

_m-^JnXßfpsS £a \in-∏n-°p-∂Xpw ]Xo-£-IƒAkvX-an-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-am-bn-cp∂p tIc-f-Ønse kw -h-hn-Im-k-ßƒ. Xs‚]m¿ń ]¶m-fnØw hln-°p∂ Hcp Kh¨sa‚ v C©n-©mbn Po¿Æn®v



205

t]mIp-∂Xv At±-l-Øns‚ a\- n¬ Zp:JØns‚ Ae-I-fp-b¿Øn.am¿InÃv ]m¿ń kwip-≤-amb cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ ]tbm-‡m-°-fm-Ip-sa∂ At±-l-Øns‚ ]Xo-£-Iƒ ]º IS-∂p. ae-bmf at\m-c-a-bp-ambn \S-Ønb ]tXyI A`napJ kw`m-j-W-Øn¬ _m- JnXßƒ]d-™p.

""sFIy-ap-∂Wn AwKo-I-cn-®n- p≈ an\naw ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ tIc-f-`-cWw \S-∂p-t]m-Im-\p≈ km≤y-X-Iƒ h√-Xp-apt≠m F∂v Hcp Ah-km\ ]cn-tim-[\ IqSn Rm≥ \S-Øn-t\m-°pw. F∂n v apkvenw eoKv AXns‚ hgn t\m°pw.''At±lw XpS¿∂p:""I-Ωyq-WnÃpIfp-ambn Iq´p-Iq-Sp-∂-Xn\v Rßƒ°v A\p-aXn \¬In-bXv C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKv t\Xr-Xz -am -bn -cp -∂p.tIcfØn¬ IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I-fneqsS Xøm-dm-°nb an\naw ]cn-]mSn]cntim[n®-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv eoKns‚ tIµ-t\-XrXzw IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-I-fp-ambn kJy-ap-≠m-°m≥ Rßsf A\p-h-Zn-®-Xv. F∂m¬ C∂vAß-s\-sbmcp `c-W-a-√ \S-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v C\n F¥p-sN-ø-W-sa∂v eoKv ]kn-U≠v apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln-_n-t\mSpw]h¿ØI kan-Xn-tbmSpw tNmZn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv Rßƒ aZm-kn-te°v t]mb-Xv. A√msX F.-sI. tKm]m-e≥ ]d-™-Xp-t]mse][m-\-a¥n Cµn-cm-Km-‘nsb ImWm-\-√. Rßƒ tIc-f-ØnseÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ ]h¿ØI kan-Xnsb [cn-∏n-®p. Cu \ne-bn¬ XpS-cp-∂-Xn¬ A¿∞-an-s√∂v Rßƒ°v F√mh¿°pw t_m[y-s∏-´p.]s£, eoKv H‰bv°v Hcp Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\v ]Icw an\naw]cn-]mSn \S-∏n-em-°-W-sa∂v AK-ln-°p∂ ap∂-Wn-bnse a‰p I£n-I-fp-ambn Btem-Nn®v Hcp Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw bp‡-sa∂vtXm∂n. Xncp-h-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øp-sh®v \S-°p∂ N¿®-I-fpsS êwRßƒ ho≠pw apkvenw eoKv ]kn-U-≠ns\ Adn-bn-°pw. At±lwFSp-°p∂ A¥y-Xo-cp-am\w A\p-k-cn®v Rßƒ ]h¿Øn-°pw.''-

a-Zm-kn¬ apkvenw eoKns‚ \mj-W¬ FIvkn-Iyq-óhn¬]s¶-SpØv tImgn-t°mSv Xncn-s®-Ønb Znh-k-am-bn-cp∂p _m-^JnXßƒ at\m-ca teJ-I-\p-ambn kwkm-cn-®-Xv. B A`n-ap-J-Øn¬At±lw hy‡amb Nne kqN-\-I-fmWv \¬In-bn- p-≈-sX∂v ImWmw."an\naw ]cn]mSn \S-∏n-em-°-W-sa∂v BK-ln-°p∂ ap∂-Wn-bnse a‰pI£n-I-fp-ambn Btem-Nn®v Hcp Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp°pw' F∂v At±lw]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w am¿Inkn-tÃ-X-c-amb Hcp Iq´mbva AI-se-sØ-hn-sStbm Dcp-Øn-cn-bp-∂p-sh-∂-Xns‚ kqN-\-bm-Wv.

HIvtSm-_¿ 13˛mw XnøXn Xn¶-fmgvN sshIp-t∂cw Bdv


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

206207

aWn°v apJy-a¥n \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv NnIn’ Ign™v P¿Ω-\n-bn¬\n∂pw Xncn-s®-Øn.

apJy-a¥n Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-sØ-Ønb \nanjw apX¬ \ne-°mØ N¿®-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p.

eoKv t\Xr-tbm-K-Øns‚ Xocp-am-\-]-Imcw _m-^JnXßƒHcn-°¬ IqSn apJy-a¥n \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns\ I≠p. A\p-c-RvP-I-s\∂\nebv°v _m-^JnXßfpsS ]mK-¤ysØ \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv ]iw-kn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. ]n¬°meØv \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv FgpXn: "lkz-Im-e-Øn-\n-S°v Rm≥ G‰-hp-a-[nIw Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂Xv sFIy-ap-∂-Wn°v cq]w\¬Ip-∂-Xnepw AXv \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xnepw _m-^JnXßƒ hln®krjvSn-]-c-amb ]¶m-Wv. c≠c sIm√-tØmfw \o≠p-\n∂ CuImeØv LS-I-I-£n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Db¿∂ph∂ a’-c-ßfpw tNcn-]n-cn-hp-Ifpw HXp°n Xo¿°m≥ At±lw Xs‚ Ign-hns‚ ]c-am-h[nian-®p. AXn-e-t±lw ImWn® kma¿∞yw A`n-\-µ-\o-b-am-Ip-∂p.'Aßs\ G‰hpw ka¿∞-\mb A\p-c-RvP-I≥ F∂v \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv]pI-gvØn-]-d™ _m-^JnXßƒ aWn-°q-dp-I-tfmfw kwkm-cn-®n´pw\ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sp-ambn tbmPn-∏n-se-Øm≥ Ign-™n-√. A°m-eØv hfsc]Nmcw kn≤n® Hcp IY-bp-≠v. \nb-a-k`m skI- -dn-bmb tUm. B¿.]k-∂≥ B IY ]d-bp-∂Xv tIƒ°pI:˛

""henb Xßƒ F∂v BZ-c-]q¿∆w hnfn-®n-cp∂ A_vZpƒdlvam≥ _m- JnXßfmbn-cp∂p A°m-eØv apkvenw eoKns‚ A\n-tj[y t\Xm-hv. At±-l-Øns‚ Xocp-am-\-ßfpw \n¿t±-i-ßfpw eoKv]h¿Ø-Isc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw A\p-im-k-\-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ GsXmcp B⁄bpw tNmZy-s®-ø-s∏-SmsX Ah¿ A\p-k-cn®v t]m∂p. XnI™ kXy-k-‘-Xbpw \oXn-t_m-[hpw ]pe¿Ø-W-sa∂v ISpØ \n¿_-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ Xß-fpsS Akm-am-\y-ambkmam-\y-_p-≤nbpw DƒIm-gvNbpw ]e-scbpw A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.C°m-c-W-ß-fm¬ A∂sØ tIc-f-cm-jvSo-b-Øn¬ henb Xßƒ°vAXp-ey-amb Hcp ÿm\w t\Sm≥ Ign-™p.''

\ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSpw CXc LS-I-I-£n-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ N¿®-I-fpsS Ah-km-\-L´w FØnb ka-bw. Fßpw ]cm-Xn-Ifpw Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Ifpw amXw. Bt£-]-ßfpw Btcm-]-W-ßfpw ]c-kv]cwtImcn-s®m-cn-bp-∂p. 1967˛¬ sFIy-ap-∂-Wn°v cq]w sImSpØ thf-bn¬ \¬InbXmbn ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp Dd-∏n-s\-]-‰n-bmbn X¿°w.Dd∏v \¬In-bn-´p-s≠∂v Xßƒ. \¬In-bn-´n-s√∂v \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sv.

Ccp-Iq-´¿°pw km£n ]d-bm≥ th≠X Bfp-I-fp-≠v.



207

]s£ AXp-sIm-≠m-bn-√-t√m.""KXy-¥-c-an-√msX Ah-km\w henb Xßƒ Xs‚ \o≠

Ip∏m-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ \n∂pw "NIm-bp[w' ]pd-sØ-Sp-Ø-p. hntZi \n¿Ωn-X-amb Hcp tS∏v dnt°m¿U¿ Bbn-cp∂p NIm-bp-[w. _´Äa¿Ønb DS≥ tS∏v dnt°m¿U¿ i_vZn®p XpS-ßn. km£m¬ C.-Fw.-F-kv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚ i_vZw. \¬In-sb∂v Xßfpw \¬In-bn-ńs√∂v \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSpw Xd-∏n®p ]d™ Dd∏v \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sn-s‚ i_vZ-Øn¬ Xs∂ ]pdØp hcp-∂p. Fs¥m-c-¤p-Xw. B¿°pw H∂pw Dcn-bn-Sm≥ Ign-™n-√. F√m-hcpw kvX_v[-cmbn Ccp∂p t]mbn. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sn\v Cßs\ Hcp A°n-Sn-]-‰p-sa∂v Bcpw Icp-Xn-bn-´p-≠m-hn-√. At±lw t]mepw. 1969˛se sFIy-ap-∂Wn cq]o-I-cW ImesØN¿®m-th-f-bnepw Xß-fpsS Ip∏m-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ B sIm®p tS∏vdn-t°m¿U¿ kpc-£n-X-ambn ÿm\w ]nSn-®n-cp-∂p-h-tX.''

A¥n-a-ambn kzoI-cn-t°-≠p∂ X¥-ß-sf-]‰n Btem-Nn-°m≥_m-^JnXßfpsS hk-Xn-bn¬ tÃ‰v apkvenw eoKv D∂X A[n-Im-c-k-anXn tbmKw tN¿∂p. a¥n-k-`sb Kkn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Agn-a-Xn-bm-tcm-]-W-ß-fm-I-bmepw apJy-a¥n sshc-\n-cy-mX\ _p≤n-tbmsS s]cp-am-dp-∂-Xn-\mepw as‰mcp am¿K-hp-an-√msX hcp-tºmƒ a¥n-k-`-bn¬\n∂v cmPn-sh-bv°m≥ t\Xr-tbmKw eoKv a¥n-am¿°v A\p-aXn \¬In.AXn-\p-ap-ºmbn IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-bpsS IhmSw AS-®p-I-f-tb-≠-Xn-√∂pwXocp-am-\n-°-s∏-´p.

HIvtSm-_¿ 17˛mw XnøXn apJy-a¥n AXy¥w hnhm-Z-]-c-amb Hcp IrXyw-IqSn sNbvXp. \nb-a-k` sk]vXw-_¿ 3˛mw XnøXn]mkm-°nb ]tabw A\p-k-cn®v 18˛10˛1969 ˛mw Xnø-Xn°v apºmbnBtcm-Ky-a¥n _n. sh√nw-KvS-Wn-s\-Xn-cmb At\z-jW IΩo-js\\nb-an-°m≥ apJy-a¥n _m≤y-ÿ-\m-Wv. AXv ]Imcw sh√nw-KvS-Wn-s\-Xn-cmbn At\z-jWw \S-Øm≥ apJy-a¥n DØ-c-hn-´p. AtXm-sSm∏w Sn.-hn. tXma-kv, Fw.-F≥. tKmhn-µ-\m-b¿, ]n.-B¿. Ipdp∏v F∂n-h¿s°-Xn-cmbpw At\z-jWw \S-Øm≥ apJy-a¥n Xocp-am-\n-®p.]kvXpX a¥n-am¿s°-Xn-cmbn am¿IvknÃv AwK-ßƒ cmjvSob]tNm-Zn-X-amb Nne Btcm-]-W-ßƒ hnfn-®p-]-d-™p-sh-∂-√msX]tabw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-Itbm ]m m-°p-Itbm sNbvXn- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. AØcw Btcm-]-W-ßƒ sI.-B¿. Kucn, Cºn®n _mh, Fw.-sI. IrjvW≥ apX-emb am¿IvknÃv a¥n-am¿s°-Xn-cmbpw D∂-bn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. ]t£ Ah¿s°-Xn-cmbn \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv At\z-j-W-Øn\v Xøm-dm-bn-√.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

208209

Fw.-F∂pw Sn.-hn-°p-sa-Xnsc At\z-jW DØ-chv ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v C.-Fw.-F-kv. ]kvXm-hn-® t\cØv k`mw-K-ßƒA£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ sRń-Ø-cn-®n-cp-∂p t]mbn. Xßƒ tI´Xv hniz-kn-°m≥ Ah-cn¬ ]ecpw ]bm-k-s∏-Sp-∂Xp t]mse tXm∂n.

apJy-a-¥n-bpsS [n°m-c-]-c-amb ]Xn-Imc \S-]-Sn-Iƒ°v FXn-cmbn am¿Ivkn-tÃ-Xc I£n-Iƒ H‰-s°- mbn \ne-bp-d-∏n-®p. HIvtSm-_¿ 17˛mw XnøXn apJy-a¥nbpsS "At\z-jW ]Jym-]\w'-h∂ DSs\a¥namcmb Fw.-F≥. tKmhn-µ-≥ \m-b¿, Sn.-hn.-tXm-a-kv, ]n.-B¿. Ipdp∏vF∂nhcpw Ah-tcmSv sFIy-Zm¿Vyw ]I-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb, sI. Ahp-°m-Z¿Ipń \l, Sn.-sI. Znhm-I-c≥ F∂o a¥n-amcpw cmPn ka¿∏n-®p.

tIcf a¥n-k` Ims‰m-gn™ _eq¨ t]mse-bm-bn.HIvtSm_¿ 24˛mw XnøXn \nb-a-k` tNcp-tºmƒ, a¥n-k-`-

bpsS A¥-I-\mbn Hcp ]tabw ImØp-In-S-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. dh\yqhIp∏v a¥n sI.B¿. Kucn, Sm≥kvt]m¿´v hIp∏v a¥n C.-sI.Cºn®n _mh, aØmbn am™q-cm≥ F∂n-h¿s°-Xn-cmbn \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ D∂-bn-®n-´p-≈Xpw A`y-¥c hIp∏v a¥n°v ka¿∏n-®n-´p-≈-Xp-amb Agn-a-Xn-bm-tcm-]-W-ß-sf-°p-dn®v k¿∆o-kn-ep-≈-tXm, dn´-b¿sNbvXtXm Bb Hcp sslt°m-S-Xn PUvPnsb sIm≠v 1952˛seIΩoj≥ Hm^v F≥Iz-b-dokv BIvSv A\p-k-cn®v At\z-jWw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\v DS≥ Xs∂ DØc-hn-S-sW-sa∂v Cu k` Xocp-am-\n-°p∂pF∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p aPo-Zns‚ ]ta-bw.B ]tabw ]m m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xm≥ cmPn-sh-bv°p-sa∂v \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv BZyta ap∂-dn-bn∏v\¬In-bn-cp-∂p. aPo-Zns‚ ]ta-bsØ ]‰n aq∂v Znhkw N¿® \S-∂p. cq£-amb hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-ßƒ sIm≠v \nb-a-k` A¶-Ø v t]mse-bm-bn. AØ-c-Øn-semcp hmZ-]-Xn-hmZ cwKw AXn\p apsºm-cn-°epwtIcf \nb-a-k-`-bn-ep-≠m-bn-ń-s√∂v \nb-a-k`m skI-´-dn-bmbtUmIvS¿ ]k-∂≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ aPo-Zns‚ ]tabwthmń-\n- -t∏mƒ AXv ]m m-bn. A\p-Iq-e-ambn 69 t]¿ thm´v sNbvX-t∏mƒ FXn¿Øv sIm≠v 60 t]¿ thm´v sNbvXp. apJy-a-¥n-bpsSapºn¬ Hcp am¿Kw amXw _m°n-bmbn ˛ ]d-™-hm°v ]men-°¬.

At±lw A∂v Xs∂ cmPv`-h-\n¬ sN∂v Xs∂ ImØn-cn-°p∂ Kh¿W¿ hniz-\m-Yns‚ apºn¬ Xs‚ Kh¨sa‚ns‚ cmPnka¿∏n-®p.

]n∂o-sSm-cn-°epw C.-Fw.-F-kv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv tIc-f-Øns‚

apJy-a¥n ]Z-Øn-te°v Xncn®v h∂n-√.



209

17

]pXnb ap∂-Wn, ]pXnb P\-hn[n

Ct∏mƒ ]¥v _m-^JnXßfpsS Im¬°o-gn-em-Wv. At±-l-Øn\v AXv F¥v thW-sa-¶nepw sNømw. tKmƒ t]mÃn-tet°m ]pd-tØt°m FhnsS thW-sa-¶nepw ASn-°mw. in°m-dn\v t]mIp∂ Ime-Øv, ]d-°p∂ ]£n-I-sf-t∏mepw D∂w sX‰msX shSn-sh-°m-\-dn-bm-hp∂ _m- JnXßƒ cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ hfsc X¥-]q¿∆-amWv HmtcmIcphpw \o°nbXv. k]vX-I£n ap∂-Wn-bn¬ \n∂v hn´p-t]m∂ NXp-»-‡n-I-fn¬ G‰hpw P\-]n-¥p-W-bp≈ I£n-bpsS t\Xm-hm-Wt√mAt±-lw. \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ ]sØm-º-Xw-K-ß-fp≈ ]m¿ń kn.-]n.-sF.BsW-¶nepw \nb-a-k-`°v ]pdØv kn.-]n.-sF-tb-°mƒ henb ]m¿ńapkvenw eoKm-bn-cp-∂p. 1965˛¬ H‰°v a’-cn-®-t∏mƒ kn.-]n.-sF°vInńbXv shdpw aq∂v ko‰m-sW-t∂m¿°p-I. F∂n-cp -∂mepwKh¨sa‚ v cq]o-I-cn-°m≥ ap≥ssI ]h¿Ø\w \S-tØ-≠Xv kn.-]n.-sF. BWv. Ah¿°mWt√m Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ IqSp-X-ep-≈-Xv.

]t£ apkvenw eoKv F¥p-]-d-bp∂p F∂mWv F√m-hcpwD‰p-t\m-°n-b-Xv. _m-^JnXßƒ tIcf cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ i≤m-_n-µp-hm-bn. F√m IÆp-Ifpw At±-l-Øn¬ ]Xn-®p.

At±lw kl-]-h¿Ø-I-∑m-cp--ambn IqSn-bm-tem-Nn®p. F√mhnh-c-ßfpw A∏-t∏mƒ Xs‚ t\Xmhpw apkvenw eoKns‚ tZiobm≤y-£-\p-amb JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_ns\ Adn-bn-®p. km≤y-am-bn-S-tØmfw Hcp CS-°me Xnc-s™-Sp∏v P\-ß-fpsSta¬ ASn-t®¬∏n-°-cp-sX∂pw Hcp P\m-[n]Xy _Z¬ Kh¨sa‚ vcq]o-I-cn-°m-\p≈ km[y-X-Iƒ Bcm-b-W-sa-∂p-am-bn-cp∂p Ckvam-bn¬ kmln-_ns‚ D]-tZiw

B \n¿tZiw a\ m kzoI-cn -®p -sIm≠v Hcp _Z¬Kh¨sa‚n\v cq]w sImSp-°m-\p≈ ITn\ ]cn-i-a-ß-fp-ambn At±lwcwK-Øn-d-ßn. Ign™ Ipsd BgvN-I-tfm-f-ambn At±lw hni-a-sa-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

210

s¥-∂-dn-™n-√. ]q¿W-hn-iaw Bh-iy-ap≈ Hcp tcmK-Øn\v hnt[-b-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Gs‰-SpØ ZuXyw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬At±lw as‰√mw Ah-K-Wn-®p. ]Xn-]-£-Øn-cn-°p∂ tIm¨K- n-t\mSv Iq´p tN¿∂p-sIm≠v Hcp a¥n-k-` -bp -≠m-°p-∂Xn¬At±lØn\v ssk≤m-¥n-I-amb ]Xn-_-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚]m¿ń-bpsS "aZn-cmin ]tabw' At±-lØn\v B Imcy-Øn¬ Nnehne-°p-Iƒ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-s≠∂ hkvXpX At±-l-Øns‚ a\- n-ep-≠v. tIm¨K-t -Xc a¥n-k-`-I-fmWv aZn-cmin ]ta-b-Øns‚A¥-k-Ø. 1967˛¬ At±-lsØ k]vX-I£n ap∂-Wn-bn¬ FØn-®Xpw B ]tabw Xs∂. sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨K n-s\-Xn-cmbna’-cn-®mWv hºn® `qcn-]-£-tØmsS P\-hn[n t\Sn-b-Xv. Ct∏mƒAtX tIm¨K- p-ambn a¥n-ÿm\w ]¶n-Sp-∂-Xn¬ A\u-Nn-Xy-ap-≠v. AsXmcp \√ Iogvh-g-°-ambn At±-l-Øn\v tXm∂n-bn-√.

At∏m-gmWv tIm¨Kkv t\XrXzw Ah-k-tcm-Nn-X-ambnDb¿∂-Xv.

"tIm¨K- n\v a¥n-k-`-bn¬ ]mXn-\n[yw th≠, a¥n-k-`°v Rm≥ \ncp-]m-[nI ]n¥pW \¬Imw˛' Bizm-k-I-c-amb Bi_vZw \nb-a-k-`-bnse tIm¨Kkv ]m¿ń eoU¿ sI. Icp-Wm-I-c-t‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

C\n ]Xn-]-£-Øp \n∂v kzoIm-cy-amb ]m¿ń tIcftIm¨K- mWv. apkvenw eoKn-t\mSv arZpe kao-]-\-amWv Ah¿°vFt∏m-gp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. _m- JnXßƒ Ah-tcmSv Zo¿L-ambn kwkm-cn®p. Ahsc a¥n-k-`-bn-te°v £Wn-®p. Fd-Wm-Ip-fsØ `mcXvSqdnÃv tlman¬sh®pw Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-csØ AXnYn aµn-c-Øn¬sh®pw \S∂ N¿®-I-fpsS HSp-hn¬ tIcf tIm¨Kkv ap∂-Wn-bn¬tNcm≥ k∂-≤-am-bn.

C\nbpw Nne-tcmSv kwkm-cn-°m-\p-≠v. _m-^JnXßƒASpØ \S-]-Sn-I-fn-te°v ]th-in-®p.

tIc-f-Ønse ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-fn¬ Kh¿W¿ hniz-\m-Y≥ Bi-¶m-Ip-e-\m-Wv. cWw kvXw`n-®m-ep-≠m-hp∂ hn-jy-Øp-Iƒ Fs¥∂va‰m-tc-°m-fp-a-dn-bm-hp-∂-Xv At±-l-Øn\v Xs∂-bm-Wv. ImcWwAt±lw C¥y≥ knhn¬ k¿∆o-kn¬ Ign-hp‰ `c-W-\n¿∆m-l-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. C¥y-bpsS B`y-¥c skI-´-dn-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ Zo¿L-Imew `c-W-NIw Xncn®v Xg-ºn-®-XmWm ssIIƒ. Imivao-cn¬lkvd-Øv_m¬ ]≈n-bn¬ kpc-£n-X-ambn kq£n-®p-h-®n-cp∂ ]hm-N-Is‚ hnip-≤-apSn AS°w sNbvX t]SIw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw AX-



211

dn™v Imivao¿ Xmgvhc CfIn adn-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ ssIImcyw sNøm\pw hnip-≤-apSn I≠p-]n-Sn-°m\pw ][m-\-a¥n ]tXyIw \ntbm-Kn-®Xv hnizm-\m-Y-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A\n-Xckm[m-c-W-amb kma¿∞y-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v At±lw \jvS-s∏´ t]SIwI≠p-]n-Sn-°p-Ibpw Imivao-cn¬ Ia-kam-[m\w ]p\-ÿm-]n-°p-IbpwsNbvXp. CØcw `c-Wm-\p-`-h-ß-fp≈ Kh¿W¿ hniz-\m-Y≥ tIc-f-Ønse Hmtcm kq£va Ne-\-sØbpw ho£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Øn¬ \ne-hn-ep≈ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ Kh¿W¿sNtø≠ Npa-X-e-sb-s¥∂v At±-l-Øn\v Bcpw ]d™p sImSp-t°-≠-Xn-√. cmjvS-]Xn `c-W-Øn\v ip]m¿i sNøp-I-sb∂ Xs‚`c-Wm-L-S-\m-]-c-amb _m≤yX \nd-th-‰m≥ At±lw Xøm-sd-Sp-Øp.AXn-\p≈ AssUz-k¿am-sc-t∏mepw At±lw I≠p-sh-®p.

At∏m-gmWv c≠v hnin-jvSm-Xn-Yn-Iƒ cmPv`-h-\n-te°v Ib-dn-h-∂-Xv. IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n t\Xm-°-fmb Fw.-F≥. tKmhnµ \mb-cpw, Sn.hn. tXma-kp-am-bn-cp∂p B AXn-Yn-Iƒ. At∏mƒ Kh¿W¿hnfw-_cw Xøm-dm-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p cmjvS-]Xn c-W-Øn-\p≈ hnfw-_-cw.

Fw.-F≥. tKmhnµ≥ \mb-cpw, Sn.hn. tXma-kp-w G‰hpw ]pXnbcmjvSob Ne-\-ßƒ Kh¿Wsd [cn-∏n-®p. P\Iob `c-W-Øn-\p≈km[y-X-Iƒ cq]-s∏´v hcp-∂p-s≠-∂pw Zb-hmbn cmjvS-]Xn `cWw]Jym-]n-°-cp-sX∂pw Ah¿ Kh¿W-tdmSv A`y¿∞n-®p.

Kh¿W¿ F√mw ki≤w tI´p. Hcp P\-Iob `cWw hc-s´-sb∂v Xs∂-bmWv At±-l-Øns‚bpw BK-lw. At∏mƒ as‰mcp]iv\w....

Kh¿W¿ tai-h-en∏v Xpd∂v Hcp ssS∏v sNbvX IS-em-sk-SpØv Ah¿°v ImWn®p sImSp-Øp. Fw.-F≥. tKmhnµ≥ \mb-cpsSbpw, Sn.hn. tXma-kns‚bpw t]cn¬ Agn-a-Xn-bm-tcm-]W tIkn¬PpUo-jy¬ At\z-jWw \S-Øm≥ C.-Fw.-F-kv. Kh¨sa‚ v ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® DØ-c-hm-bn-cp∂p AXv.

Kh¿W¿ At∏mƒ AXv ImWn-®-Xns‚ A¿∞-sa-s¥∂vCcp-h¿°pw a\- n-em-bn. hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ a¥n-k-`-bn¬ apJy-a-¥n-bm-bn-cn-°m≥ Fw.-F≥. tKmhnµ≥ \mb-¿°pw, Sn.hn. tXma-kn\pw\nb-a-]-c-ambn Atbm-Ky-X-bn-s√-¶nepw At\z-jW hnt[-b-\mbHcmsf apJy-a-¥n-bm-Im≥ £Wn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ A[m¿an-I-XsbHm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Kh¿W¿.

"Rm≥ HcmgvN IqSn ImØn-cn°mw' K-h¿W¿ ]d™p: "AXn-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

212

\n-S°v F\n°v _m- JnXßsf H∂v ImW-Ww. AXn\v tijw Rm≥A¥na Xocp-am\w ]Jym-]n-°mw.'

Fw.-F\pw Sn.-hn.bpw k¥p-jvS-cm-bn. Ah¿ hnhcw _m-^JnXßsf Adn-bn-®p.

Fw.-F\pw Sn.-hnbpw apJy-a¥n ÿm\-tØ-°n√]ns∂ a¥n-k-`sb Bcv \bn°pw?apkvenw eoKn¬ \n∂v Hcmƒ a¥n-bm-h-s´-sb∂v tIcf

tIm¨K- p-Im¿ A`n-]m-b-s∏-´p. a‰p Nne Fw.-F¬.-F-amcpw _m-^JnXßsf I≠v B A`n-]mbw Adn-bn-®p. AXn-\-h¿ Nne \ymb-ßfpw \ncØn sh®p. \n¿±n-jvS-amb cW ap∂-Wn-bn¬ G‰hpw P\-]n-¥p-W-bm¿Pn® ]m¿´n apkvenw eoKmWv. ]sØm-ºXv Fw.-F¬.-F.-am-cp-s≠-¶nepw kn.-]n.-sF. apkvenw eoKn-s\-°mƒ hep-X-√. H‰°va’-cn-®-t∏mƒ Ah¿°v In´n-bXv aq∂v ko‰m-Wv. AXn-\m¬ a¥n-k-`sb \bn-°m≥ apkvenw eoKns\ A\p-h-Zn-°-Ww.

_m-^JnXßƒ B \n¿t±iw BZyta X≈n-°-f-™p."apJy-a¥n ÿm\w kn.-]n.-sF-bpsS Ah-Im-i-am-Wv. AXn¬

Iøn- p-hm-cm≥ Rm≥ Hcp°-a√' At±lw ]d-™p. _m- JnXßfpsS\oXn-t_m-[-Øn-s‚bpw [¿Ω-Zo-£-bp-sSbpw Zo]vX-amb amXr-I-bmWvChnsS ]Xy£ cq]-Øn¬ shfn-s∏- -Xv.

At±lw ho≠pw kn.-]n.-sF-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp apJy-a-¥nsbtXSn.

At∏m-gmWv cmPy-k-`mw-K-amb ap≥ [\-Im-cy-a¥n kn. A®p-X-ta-t\ms‚ t]cv s]m¥n h∂-Xv. Sn.hn. tXma-kns‚ Np≠p-I-fn¬\n∂mWv B t]cv DXn¿∂p-ho-W-Xv. _m- JnXßƒ°pw B \n¿t±iwDNn-X-ambn tXm∂n. tIcf cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ \n∂v AI∂v \n∂p-sIm≠vcmPy-k-`m-Im-cy-ß-fp-ambn U¬ln-bn¬ Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp∂pA®p-X-ta-t\m≥. amX-a√ At±lw apJy-a¥n ÿm\w kzoI-cn-°ptamF∂v Dd-∏p-]-d-bm\pw hø. Aß-s\-bmWv At±-l-Øns‚ ]Ir-Xw.A[n-Im-c-ÿm-\-ß-tfmSv Bk‡n ImWn-°mØ hy‡n-bm-bn-cp∂pA®p-X-ta-t\m≥.

Sn.-hn. tXma-kv, sSen-t^m-Wn¬ A®p-X-ta-t\ms\ hnfn®pImcyw ]d-™p. tat\ms‚ `mKØv \n∂v A\p-Iqeamb ]Xn-I-c-W-a√ D≠m-b-Xv. F®v.-Pn. th¬kns‚ temI-N-cnXw ae-bm-f-Øn-te°v]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Ønb A®p-X-ta-t\m\v tIc-f-Øns‚ cmjvSob NcnXwlrZn-ÿ-am-bn-cp-∂p. tIcf apJy-a¥n ÿm\-sa-∂Xv A]-I-S-I-c-ambapƒ°n-S-°-bm-sW∂pw AXn¬ tIdn-°n-S-°m≥ Xs‚ BtcmKyÿnXn



213

A\p-tbm-Py-a-s√∂pw A®p-X-ta-t\m\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ _m-^JnXßƒ hnń-√. At±lw \nc-¥cw A®p-X-ta-t\ms\ \n¿_-‘n®psIm≠n-cp-∂p. "tIc-fsØ aqSn-∏p-X®p \n¬°p∂ ]Xn-k-‘n-bn¬\n∂v c£n-°m≥ tat\m≥ Hcp XymK-Øn-s\m-cp-ßntb aXn-bmhq'F∂v _m-^JnXßƒ Kuc-h-]q¿∆w A®p-X-ta-t\ms\ t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øn.

"anÃ¿ tat\m≥ Zb-hmbn \msf Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-sØ-Øp-I._m°n Imcy-ßƒ Chn-S∂v Xocp-am-\n-°mw.' _m- JnXßƒ ]d™p.AtXm-sSm∏w IΩy-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS tIµ-t\-Xr-Xzhpw tIc-f-Øn-te°v sN√m≥ A®p-X-ta-t\m\v \n¿t±iw \¬In.

HIvtSm-_¿ 30˛mw XnøXn sshIp-t∂cw A®p-X-ta-t\m≥U¬ln-bn¬ \n∂pw aZmkp hgn-bp≈ hnam-\-Øn¬ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv h∂n-d-ßn. Hcp tXm¬ t_Kpw Iøn¬ ]nSn®v t\cnb ]p©n-cn-tbmsS hnam-\-an-dßn h∂ A®p-X-ta-t\mt\mSv ]X ]Xn-\n-[n-IƒtNmZn-®p. "Aßv Hcp a¥n-k-`-bp-≠m-°m≥ h∂-XmtWm?'

"Bthm, F\n-°-dn-bn-√. \nßƒ _m-^JnXßtfmSv tNmZn-°q..' F∂m-bn-cp∂p tat\ms‚ adp-]Sn.

]X-°m¿ _m-^JnXßfpsS ASp-°-te-t°m-Sn. At±lwAhp-°m-Z¿Ipń \l-bpsS hk-Xn-bn-em-bn-cp∂p. Fw. Ben-°p-™n-bpsS hnhcWw tIƒ°pI:

"Hcp a¥n-k` ho≠pw cq]o-I-cn-°p-I-sb∂ ]iv\w Akm-[y-am-bn-´mWv ]e¿°pw tXm∂n-b-Xv. Kh¿W¿ hniz-\m-Y≥ t]mepwB A`n-]m-b-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Kh¿Wsd ImWm≥ sN∂-h-tcmSv "_m-^JnXßƒ hcs´' F∂mWv Kh¿W¿ ]d-™n-cp-∂-Xv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚ a¥n-k` cmPn-sh®p c≠m-aXv a¥n k` cq]w sIm≈p∂ kml-N-cy-an-√. D]-tZ-iI cWw G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Xnc-°n-embncp∂pcmPv`-h≥. hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ AssUz-k-dpsS t]cp IqSn A`n-]m-b-s∏´vIgn-™p. Cu kµ¿`-Øn-emWv Fd-Wm-Ip-fØp \n∂p≈ hnam-\-Øn¬ sshIp-t∂cw 4.45˛\v _m-^JnXßƒ Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw hnam-\-Øm-h-f-Øn-en-d-ßp-∂-Xv. Hcp Iøn¬ sI‰nepw, at‰ Iøn¬ sNdnbHcp _mKpw Npa-en¬ apk-√-bp-ambn hnam-\-Øn¬ \n∂v Cdßn hcp∂_m-^JnXßsf Rm\-S-°-ap≈ ]X-]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ kao-]n-®p._mKpw, sI‰nepw Fs‚ Iøn¬ X∂p t\sc hn.-sF.-]n. dqan¬ Ibdnapk√ hncn-®p. AXn-\n-S°v Hcp ]X-]-Xn-\n[n Ibdn tNmZn-®p "a¥n-k- -bp-≠m-°ptam F∂v. DSs\ Nncn-®p sIm≠v "AXn-s\¥v kwibw'F∂m-bn-cp∂p Xß-fpsS X´p-Ø-cw. "F\n°v 5 an\n‰v kabw XcnI'


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214215

F∂v Xßƒ XpS¿∂v ]d-™p. Xßƒ Ak¿ \a-kvImcw Bcw-`n-®p. ]X ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ Fs‚ t\sc Xncn-™-p. F¥mWv \nß-fpsSXßƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv a¥nk`-bp-≠m-°p-sa∂v. Fß-s\-bmWv D≠m-°pI F∂m-bn-cp∂p Hcp ]X-]-Xn-\n[n Ft∂mSv tNmZn-®-Xv. "Xß-fpsS ZnhyXzw sIm≠m-bn-cn°pw a¥n-k-`-bp-≠m-°pI' F∂v Hcpam¿InÃv ]X-]-h¿Ø-I≥ ]d-™p."-X-ß-fpsS ZnhyXzw sIm≠vXs∂-bmWv C.-Fw.-F-kv. cmPn-sh-®Xv' F∂v Rßƒ Xncn-®-Sn-®p."kmln_v ]d-™Xv icn-bmWv'F∂v Hcp ItØm-en° ]X-°m-c≥ Fs‚ Xncn-®-Sn°v _ew \¬In.

\a-kvImcw Ign™v _m-^JnXßƒ ]pd-Øp-h-∂p. ""HcpH∂mw-Xcw apJy-a-¥nsb tIc-f-Øn\v \¬In-s°m≠v Hcp a¥n-k`D≠m-hpI Xs∂ sNøpw. \nßƒ°v AXv t]msc'' F∂v ]X-°m-tcmSv Ah¿ tNmZn-°msX Xs∂ ]d™v sIm≠v Xßƒ Imdn¬ Ib-dm≥ \S-∂p. Hcp am¿InÃv ]X-°m-c≥ "kmln_v t\Xm-hn-t\m-sSm∏wa¥n-k-`-bp-≠m-°m≥ t]mhp-I-bmsW'∂v ]cn-l-kn®p ]d-™p.

Ahp-°m-Z¿ Ipń \l-bpsS hoń¬ Rß-sf-Øn. AhnsSI\Ø cmjvSob akvXn-jvI-ßƒ Iq´mbpw H‰-bmbpw ]h¿Øn®psIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. _m-^JnXßƒ AhnSsØ sSen-t^m¨ apdn-bn-te°v t]mbn c≠v aq∂v ÿe-tØ°v Ub¬ sNbvXp ]pd-tØ°vh∂p. At∏m-tg°v cmPv`-h-\n¬ \n∂v Hcp ktµiw. Kh¿W¿°v _m-^JnXßsf ImWm-W-sa-∂v. _m-^JnXßfpw kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZvtImbbpw IqSn DSs\ cmPv`-h-\n-te°v Xncn-®p.

ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ _m-^JnXßƒ Kh¿W¿°v hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp. `qcn-]-£-]n-¥p-W-bp≈ Hcp a¥nk`°v Hcp-°-ß-ƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-sb∂pw kn. A®p-X-ta-t\m-\m-bn-cn°pw apJy-a-¥n-sb∂pw XßƒKh¿Wsd Adn-bn-®p. A®p-X-ta-t\ms\ a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cn-°m≥£Wn-°-W-sa∂pw _m-^JnXßƒ Kh¿W-tdmSv A`y¿∞n-®p.

Kh¿W¿ k¥p-jvS-\m-bn. _m-^JnXßsf X\n°v hnizm-k-am-sW∂pw F√mw ip`-ambn Iem-in-°-s´-sb∂pw Kh¿W¿ Biw-kn-®p.

_m-^JnXßƒ \l-bpsS hoń¬ Xncn-s®-Øn-b-t∏mƒ A®p-X-ta-t\m\pw AhnsS Ib-dn-h-∂p. DSs\ _m-^JnXßƒ \ndsbBio¿hm-Z-ßƒ sNmcn-™p-sIm≠v At±-lsØ cmPv`-h-\n-te°vAb-®p.

A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ Kh¿Wsd I≠p. a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cn-°m-\p≈k∂-≤X Adn-bn-®p. tat\ms‚ A`y¿∞\ Kh¿W¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p-



215

Ibpw a¥n-k` cq]o-I-cn-°m≥ At±-lsØ £Wn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.1969 \hw-_¿ 1˛mw XnøXn tIc-f-Øns‚ A©m-asØ apJy-

a-¥n-bmbn kn. A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ kXy-]-Xn⁄ sNbvXp. kXy-]-Xn⁄ NS-ßn\v km£yw hln-°m\pw ]pXnb apJy-a-¥nsbBio¿h-Zn-°m\pw AXn-Yn-I-fpsS ap≥ \nc-bn¬ _m-^JnXßfp≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

sI.-B¿. NpΩm¿ Fgp-Xn:˛"\ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv cmPn-sh-®n-d-ßn-b-t∏mƒ tIc-f-Øns‚ cmjvSob

A¥-co-£-Øn¬ A\n-›n-Xz-Øns‚ Icn-\n-g¬ hoin, cmPv`-h-\nepwa¥n aµn-c-ß-fnepw tIµ-Ønepw Hcp-t]mse "C\n-sb¥v' F∂tNmZyw ^Ww Db¿Øn \n¬°p-tºmƒ a¥n Ahp-°m-Z¿Ip´n \l-bpsS HutZym-KnI hk-Xn-bmb "en≥tUgvkn'encp∂p _m- JnXßƒHcp ]pXnb a¥n-k- °v cq]w \¬Ip-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Dd-∏p≈ Hcp a¥n-k` cq]-h-XvI-cn-°m≥ Xßƒ Hcp-°-am-sW∂v At±lw Kh¿WsdAdn-bn-®p. Bcpw \n\-®n-cn-°mØ Hcp k‘y°v \nb-a-k- mwKw t]mep-a-√m-Xn-cp∂ kn. A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw hnam-\-Øm-h-f-Øn¬h∂n-d-ßn. \hw-_¿ 1˛mw XnøXn A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ a¥n-k` cmPv`-h≥HmUn-t‰m-dn-b-Øn¬ kXy-]-Xn⁄ sNøp-tºmƒ t]£-I¿ ]pXnbapJy-a-¥n-bpsS apJ-tØ-s°∂ t]mse _m-^JnXßfpsS apJ-tØ°pw amdn amdn t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ hnP-b-Zn\wIqSn-bmWv AsX∂v F√m-h¿°pw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂-XmWv Imc-Ww.'

kXy-]-Xn-⁄-bpsS c≠v Znhkw apºv apkvenw eoKv AJn-te¥ym ]kn-U≠v JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v,_m-^JnXßfpsS A`y¿∞\ ]Imcw Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv FØn-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂o-Sp≈ IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I-sf√mw At±-l-Øns‚ ta¬t\m-´-Øn-emWv \S-∂-Xv.

kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb, sI. Ahp-°mZ¿ Ip´n-\l (apkvenweoKv), ]n. cho-µ≥, sI.-]n. tP°-_v (kn.-]n.-sF.), F≥.-sI. tij≥,H. tImc≥ (sF.-F-kv.-]n), sI.-Fw. tPm¿÷v (tI-cf tIm¨K-kv)F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ Kh¨sa‚nse a¥n-am¿. B¿.-F-kv.-]n. a¥n-k- -bn¬ tN¿∂n-√. Ah-cpsS AJn-te¥ym \bw AXn-\-\p-Iq-e-am-hm-Ø-Xm-bn-cp∂p Imc-Ww. ]s£ Ah¿ a¥n-k- °v ]cn-]q¿Æ ]n¥pW \¬Ip-Ibpw `cW ap∂-Wn-bpsS `mK-ambn XpS-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. B¿.-F-kv.-]n. t\Xhv Un.-sI. ZnhmIcs\ \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ k`m t\Xm-hmbn sXc-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

hnP-b-I-c-amb Hcp Hm∏-td-j\v tijw kwXr-]vX-amb a\- p-


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216217

ambn _m-^JnXßƒ tImgn-t°m-t´°v aS-ßn. At±-l-Øn\v Xr]vXn-b-Sbm≥ Gsd hI-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ Fw.-F≥.tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿ \nco-£n-°-∂-Xp-t]mse "s]mXp-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏´ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ am¿IvknÃv ]m¿ń-bpsSAi-≤bpw ]iv\-ß-tfm-Sp≈ \ntj-[m-fl-Iamb kao-]-\hpw _m-^JnXßsf IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬ sFIy-ap-∂-Wn-bnse a‰p LS-I-I-£n-I-tfmSv ASp-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v G‰hpw t]c-I-am-bn. Rßsf H‰-Xn-cn®v tXtPm-h[w sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈ am¿IvknÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS Hmtcm\o°-tØbpw At±lw FXn¿Øp. A∂sØ sFIy-ap-∂-Wn-bn¬ LS-I-I-£n-I-fn¬ tbmPn∏v \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn\v th≠n G‰hpw A[nIw]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≈Xv _m-^JnXßfmWv. C∂pw LSI I£n-Iƒ°vAt±lw B Imcy-Øn¬ Fs¥√mw sNbvXn-´p≠v F∂-Xn-s\-]‰nhy‡-amb [mcW Cs√-∂mWv Fs‚ hnizm-kw. At±lw AXn\vth≠n \S-Øn-bn-´p≈ ]cn-i-a-ßƒ _‘-s∏´ I£n-I-sf-t∏mepwAt±lw Adn-bn-®n-cp-∂n-√. Adn-bn-°-W-sa∂v At±lw Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-an-√. kµ¿`h-im¬ kw`m-jW at[y ]n¬°m-eØv At±-l-Øn¬\n∂v Inń-bn-´p≈ Nne kqN-\-I-fmWv Cu hkvXpX F\n°v t_m[y-s∏-Sm≥ klm-bn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.'

am¿IvknÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS \nc-¥-c-amb klm-b-I-c-a-√mØ \ne-]m-SmWv apkvenw eoKn-s\bpw am¿IvknÃv ]m¿ń°v FXn-cmbn a‰pLS-I-£n-I-fpsS `mKØv Dd∏n®v \n¿Øn-b-Xpw B ap∂-Wn-bnset\Xm-hmbn _m- JnXßsf Db¿Øn-b-Xpw. A®p-X-ta-t\ms‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ ]pXnb `cW kwhn-[m\w DS-se-Sp-Ø-Xn\v tijwAXns‚ G‰hpw henb kwc-£-I≥ _m-^JnXßfmbn-cp-∂p.k¶o¿Æ-ß-fmb \nc-h[n ]iv\-ßƒ ]d-s™m-Xp-°p-∂-Xn\pw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ Dd®p \n∂p-sIm≠v `cWw apt∂m´v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn\pw Ahn-iaw ian® G‰hpw Icp-Ø-\mb t\Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p Xßƒ.]e kµ¿`-ß-fnepw kz¥w A\pbm-bn-I-fpsS A`n-em-j-ßƒ°pwXm¬]-cy-ßƒ°pw D]-cn-bmbn cmPy-Øns‚ s]mXp Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ°vap≥K-W\ sImSp-Øp-sIm≠v [oc-amb Xocp-am-\-ßƒ FSp-°p-∂-Xn¬_m-^JnXßƒ AXp-ey-\m-bn-cp-∂p. sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb A\-h[nkw`-h-ßƒ Fs‚ Hm¿Ω-bn¬ hcp-∂p-≠v. Ah-bn¬ H∂pw amXwRm\n-hnsS Ipdn-°-s´. ae-_m¿ ]tZ-iØv hf-sc-tbsd tImfn-f°wD≠m-°nb H∂mWv Xfn-t£X ]iv\w. B ]iv\-Øn\v kam-[m-\-]-c-amb ]cn-lm-c-ap-≠m-°n-b-Xn\v _m-^JnXßƒ amX-amWv DØ-c-hm-Zn. I£n t`Z-at\y F√m-h-cp-sSbpw kvt\lm-Z-c-ßƒ e`n-®n-´p≈



217

AXn-Im-b-\mb as‰mcp tIcf ]pXs\ ]‰n F\n°v Hm¿°m≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. temI-Øm-I-am\w \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ kw`-h-ßƒ hne-bn-cp-Øm\pw GXp k¶o¿Æ ]iv\-Øn-s‚bpw a¿ΩØv hnc¬Nq≠p-hm\pw At±-l-Øn-\p≈ Ignhv A\\y km[m-c-W-am-bn-cp-∂p.'(Fw.-F≥. tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿ ˛ _m-^JnXßƒ kvamcI KŸ-Øn¬Fgp-Xnb teJ-\-Øn¬ \n∂v)

"cmjvS aoamw-k-bntem, [\-XXz imkvX-Øntem UnKn FSp-Øn-ń-√m-Ø, tImtf-Pn-t‚tbm sslkvIq-fn-t‚tbm ]Sn Nhn-ń-bnń-√mØ BwK-teb `mj ssIImcyw sNøm≥ Adn-bmØ Hcmƒ°vChn-SsØ cmjvSob If-cn-bn¬ AXn-\m-b-IXzw hln-°m\pw hy‡n-apZ ]Xn-∏n-°m\pw km[n-®p-sh-¶n¬ B A¤p-X-ßƒ sNbvXpImWn® kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m- JnXßƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw Akm-[m-c-W-amb KpW-ß-fpsS DS-a-bm-bn-cp∂p' F∂ sI. Ahp-°m-Z¿Ipń\l-bpsS A`n-]mbw FXbpw icn-bmb hne-bn-cp-Ø-em-bn-cp-∂p. \lA\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p.

"cmjvS-ao-amwk At±lw ]Tn-®n- n-s√-¶nepw C¥y-bn¬ F∂√temI-Øn¬ Xs∂ GXv cmPy-X-¥-⁄-t\mSpw, cmjvSob t\Xm-hn-t\mSpw Xpey \ne-bn¬ cmjvSob Imcy-ßfpw cmPy Imcy-ßfpw N¿®sNøm-\p≈ ]K¤yw At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. [\-X-Xz-imkvXw]Tn-®n- n-s√-¶nepw \ΩpsS kºZvhyh-ÿ-sb-Ip-dn®pw AXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ k¶o¿Æ-amb a‰-\-h[n ]iv\-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Hcp tai°v Np‰p-an-cp∂v `n∂m-`n-]m-b-KXn-°m-cp-ambn N¿® sNøm≥ Xßƒ°v ]bm-k-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. GXv Imcyhpw a\- n-em-°m\pw ]Tn-°m\pw AXva‰p-≈-h¿°v a\- n-em°n sImSp-°m\pw Hcp ]tXyI Ignhv At±-l-Øn\v D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.'

_m-^JnXßfpsS BtcmKyw A\p-Zn\w £bn-®p-h-∂p."Xs∂ hfsc Ime-ambn Ae-ń-s°m-≠n-cp∂ ]talw,

ss^te-dnb F∂o tcmK-ß-fn¬ kzm\p-`-hw-sIm≠v At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]cn-⁄m\w a‰p-≈-h¿°pw D]-I-cn-°-s∏-S-Ø° Xc-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Xßƒ G¿s∏´ hnπ-h-I-c-amb Hcp Iq´p-sI- ns‚ ImeØv\S∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ At±-l-Øns‚ BtcmKy \ne°v De-®n¬h∂p. XpS¿®-bmb ]kw-K-ßfpw Ae-®n-ep-I-fp-am-bn-cp∂p Imc-Ww.]s£ B sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ P\-hn[n amk-ßƒ°p apºv Xs∂sX‰msX IW-°m-°m≥ Xßƒ°pw Ign-™n-cp-∂p.' tUm. kn.sIcma-N-µ-t‚-XmWo hm°p-Iƒ. At±lw XpS¿∂v ]d-bp-∂p.

"]ns∂ 1968 \hw-_¿ 15˛mw XnøXn BZysØ lrtZm-K-_m[


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

218219

D≠m-b-tXmsS H∂p-IqSn Rßƒ ASp-Øp. AXp hfsc i‡n-bmbtcmKm-I-a-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. Rm\pw tUm. A_vZp¬ K^qdpw Hcp-Zn-hkwcmXn apgp-h≥ Ahn-sS-Xs∂ Ign-®p-Iq-´n. CX-dn™v k‘y-tbm-Sp-IqSn tIc-f-Øns‚ \m\m `mK-ß-fn¬\n∂pw P\-ßƒ ]ms™-Øn.F√m-h¿°pw Xßsf ImW-W-sa∂v \n¿_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p. Xs∂ImWm≥ hcp-∂-hsc Xncn-®-b-°p-∂-Xn¬ Xßƒ°v tJZ-ap-≈-XmbnRßƒ°v tXm∂n. Cu ka-b-ØmWv Xß-fn¬ \n∂pw (tUmIvS¿)F≥.-sI. ImZ¿ Ip™n Zp:J`mc-tØmsS HmSn-sb-Øn-b-Xv. Imcy-Øns‚ Kuchw kmh-[m\w ]d™p [cn-∏n-°m≥ At±-l-sØ-bm-Wv Rßƒ G¬∏n-®-Xv. GXm-bmepw kµ¿i-Iƒ Rß-tfmSv kl-I-cn-®p. 48 aWn-°q¿ t\cw c‡-k-Ω¬±w G‰hpw Xmgv∂ \ne-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. hfsc `b-s∏-´p. Rß-fpsS apJw ImWp-tºmƒ At±lwRßsf km¥z-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p ]Xn-hv. Cu ]mhiywF\n°v H∂pw D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂v ]d™v At±lw Rßsf kam-[m-\n-∏n-®p. CXbpw Ah-i-\m-bn´pw Xs‚ aX-I¿Ωm-\p-jvTm-\-ßƒapS-°n-bn-cp-∂n-√. Bdv BgvN ]nt∂bpw hni-an-t°≠n h∂p.

_m- JnXßfpsS tcmK-hn-hcw Adn-™v Atd-_y≥ ]cy-S\waXn-bm-°n, AXn-bmb Bi-¶-tbmSpw AS-ßmØ Zp:JtØmSpwIqSnhs∂-Ønb P: kønZv Da¿ _m-^JnXßƒ Xß-fpsS Imen¬ hoWvIc-™-t∏m-gmWv kønZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ _m-^JnXßfpsS IÆp-\o¿ Rm≥ BZy-ambn I≠-Xv. F¥n-\mWv bmX-ap-S-°n-bXv F∂vkvt\l-a-krW-amb imk-\-bm-bn-cp∂p At∏mgpw tI´-Xv. B c≠vlrZ-b-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ _‘-Øns‚ _ln¿kv^p-cW ]I-S-\-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.

Cu tcmK-ap-‡n°v tijw Xßƒ ]pdØp h∂-t∏mƒ apX¬At±-l-Øns‚ ]e kplr-Øp-°fpw Fs∂ hnfn®v C\n ]g-b-Xp-t]mse Xßƒ°v ]h¿Øn-°m≥ Ign-bptam F∂v At\z-jn®psIm≠n-cp-∂p. CXn\v adp-]Sn ]d-bp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p hfsc hnj-aw. kXy-Øn¬ hni-an-t°≠ Hcp tcmKn-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. F∂m¬ At±-lsØ shdp-sX-bn-cp-Øp-∂Xv kmaq-ln-I-ambn Nn¥n-®m¬ Hcp tZml-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ImcWw Xß-fpsS ]h¿Ø\w kaq-l-Øn\v AX°vBh-iy-am-bn-tØm-∂n. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂-bmWv Xß-fpsS IpSpw-_-Ønse ]q¿∆n-I-∑m-cpsS tcmK-N-cnXw ]cn-tim-[n-®-Xv. an°-h-cnepwXßƒ°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ tcmK-ßƒ ]nSn-s]- -Xmbn Adn-s™-¶nepw Ah-cn-¬ Bcpw Xs∂ 70 hb- n\v apºv ac-W-s∏-´n-cp-∂n-√. Cu hkvXpXF\n°v Iptd-sbms° ]h¿Øn-°m≥ klm-bn-®p. Xß-fpsS Zp¿L-



219

S-amb BK-lhpw AXp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. bmsXm∂pw sNømsXshdp-sX-bn-cn-°m≥ Hcp ]cn-X-ÿn-Xn-bnepw At±lw CjvS-s∏-ń-cp-∂n-√. AXn\v tijw Xm≥ Hcp tcmKn Bbn-cp-s∂∂ Imcyw ad-∂p-sIm≠v At±lw \S-Ønb ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ tIcf cmjvSo-b-ØnseAXn-]-[m-\-amb Nne kw`-h-ßƒ°v hgn sXfn-bn-®p. `cW kwhn-[m\w s]mń-Ø-I-cp-sa∂v ]Xo-£n® ]e cmjvSob ]Xn-k-‘n-I-fnepw H∂n\p ]ndsI as‰m-∂mbn A¤p-X-I-c-amb tbmPn-∏p-Iƒ°vAt±lw If-sam-cp-°n. A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ a¥n-k-`-bpsS hIp∏v hn`-P\w ]q¿Øn-bmb-t∏mƒ hnZym-`ymk hIp-∏ns‚ Npa-X-e°v ]pdsaB`y-¥c hIp-∏ns‚ Npa-X-ebpw kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-°mWve`n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Hc-`n-]mb hyXymkhpan-√msX apJy-a¥n A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ B`y¥c hIp∏v kn.-F-®ns\ G¬]n-®-t∏mƒ tIc-f-Øns‚Ncn-X-Øn¬ CXm-Zy-ambn Hcp apkvenw kap-Zm-bmwKw t]meokv hIp∏va¥n-bm-Ip∂ Ah-k-c-amWv krjvSn-°-s∏- -Xv. Zim-_vZ-ß-fmbn ]m¥-h¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]nt∂m° apZ Nm¿Øn-°n-´p-Ibpw sNbvXHcp \yq\-]£ kap-Zm-b-Øn\v Bfl-hn-izmkw ]I-cp-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂pB kw`-hw. hn[nssh]-co-Xy-sa∂v ]d-b-s´, B`y-¥c hIp∏vapkvenw eoKp-Im-cs\ G¬∏n-®-Xns\ C.-Fw.-F-kv. \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSvhna¿in-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. B hna¿i-\-Øn¬ At±lw Dt±-in-®n-s√-¶nepw h¿§o-b-X-bpsS Nph-bp-≈-Xmbn apkvenw eoKp-Im¿ a\- n-em-°n.'

A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ a¥n-k` \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ `qcn-]£w sXfn-bn-®p.

Bdp-am-k-Øn-\Iw (1970 G]n¬ 20˛\v) sIm´m-c-°-c-bn¬\S∂ D]-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ a’-cn®v 26,000 thm v qcn-]£w t\Sn A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ \nb-a-k-`mw-K-am-bn. AtX Znhkw \neºq-cnepw Hcp D]-sX-c-s™-Sp∏v \S-∂n-cp-∂p. am¿IvknÃv Fw.-F¬.-F.-bmb Ip™mensIm√-s∏-´-Xn-s\-Xp-S¿∂mWv \ne-ºq-cn¬ D]-sX-c-s™-Sp∏v th≠n-h-∂-Xv. B sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ am¿IvknÃv ]m¿ń ÿm\m¿∞n kn.-]n.A_q-_-°¿ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw tIm¨K-knse Fw.-]n. KwKm-[-c≥ hnP-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

1969 \hw-_¿ 12˛mw XnøXn ][m-\-a¥n Cµn-cm-Km-‘nsbC¥y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨K-kn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°n.

]pdØv t]mb Cµn-cm-Km‘n Ah-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-Isf hnfn-®p-Iqń C¥y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨Kkv (sF) F∂ ]pXnb ]m¿ńD≠m-°n. alm-`q-cn-]£w tIm¨K-kp-Imcpw Ah-cpsS IqsS t]mbn.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

220221

kwL-S\m tIm¨Kkpw sF tIm¨Kkpw F∂ t]cn¬ C¥y-bn¬ c≠p tIm¨K-kp-Im¿ D≠m-bn. AtXm-Sp-IqSn tIm¨K-kn-t\m-Sp≈ kao-]-\-Øn¬ am‰w hcp-Øm≥ C¥y-bnse F√m cmjvSob]m¿ń-Ifpw \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn.

C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ \mj-W¬ FIvkn-Iyq-óhv _mw•q-cn¬ tbmKw tN¿∂p. tIc-f-Øn¬ \n∂v _m-^JnXßƒ]s¶-Sp-Øp. tIc-f-Ønse `c-W-am-‰sØ ]‰nbpw Kh¨sa‚n\vtIm¨Kkv \¬Ip∂ ]n¥p-W-sb-]-‰nbpw _m-^JnXßƒ dnt∏m¿´vAh-X-cn-∏n-®p. tZiob cm„ob ]iv\-ßƒ A]-K-Yn-®-Xn\v tijw"cmPysØ òXn-X-ambn h¿≤n-®p-h-cp∂ ]n¥n-cn-∏≥ i‡n-I-sfbpwh¿§ob i‡n-I-sfbpw tkzOm-[n-]Xy i‡n-I-sfbpw FXn¿ØvtXm¬∏n-°m≥, Ign-™n-S-tØmfw kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ atX-Xc ˛ P\m-[n-]Xy ]ptcm-K-a\ i‡n-I-fp-ambn ka-b-_-‘nX an\naw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ sFIy-ap-∂-Wn-Iƒ D≠m-°n-s°m≠v hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-Isf t\cn-S-W-sa∂v' Xocp-am-\n-®p. CµncmKm‘n-bpsS ]ptcm-K-a\]c-amb \b-ßƒ°v apkvenw eoKv ]n¥pW\¬In.

ap-kvvenw eo-Kp-am-bn cq-£-am-b A-`n-]m-b-hyXym-kw \n-e-\n-¬-°p-tºmgpw _m^-Jn X-ß-tfm-Sv A-tßb-‰w B-Zc-hv ]p-e¿Øn-b H-cpt\-Xm-hm-bn-cp-∂p ]n.B¿. Ip-dp∏v. A-t±-lw H-c-\p`-hw Cß-s\ tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p:""sX-sc-s™-Sp-∏v I-gn™p. s]-cnß-fw a-fi-e-Øn¬ \n-∂pw Rm≥hn-P-bn®p. a-Ωp-t°-bn F-Xn¿-Øn-cp-s∂-¶nepw ap-kvvenw eoKv Hu-tZym-Kn-I-am-bn F-s∂ k-lm-bn-®n-cp∂p.

sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-\p ti-jw k-Jy-I-£n-Ifm-b F-kv.F-kv.]n.bp-sSbpw ap-kvvenw eo-Kn-s‚bpw Fw.F¬.F-am¿-°v X-e-t»-cn tÃ-Un-b-Øn¬ sh-®v H-cp kzo-Ic-Ww \¬In. a-Ωp-t°-bn-bm-bn-cp-∂p kzo-Ic-W-tbm-K-Øn-s‚ ]-[m-\ kw-Lm-S-I≥. kn.Pn. P-\m¿-±\≥, kn.F-®v ap-lΩ-Zv tIm-b, A-l-ΩZ-v Ip-cn°ƒ, A-hp-°m-Z¿ Ip-ń \-l F∂n-hcpw Rm\pw kzo-I-c-W-Øn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-°m≥ X-e-t»-cn-bn-seØn. Xp-d-∂ Po-∏n¬ R-ßƒ A-©p-t]-scbpw \n-dp-Øn \-K-c-Øn¬ H-cp Kw

-pXm]s ¬nØ-b-nU-Ãt p∂-pc-nb-ma-j-it p\-nX-b-nØ-S-\ w\-SI-] c-o`tbmKw. _m^-Jn X-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p s]mXp-tbm-K-Øn¬ A-≤y-£-Xh-ln-®-Xv.

s]mXp-tbm-K-Ønepw ]-I-S-\-Øn-epw ]-s¶-Sp-°m≥ \n-ch-[nF-kv.F-kv.]n. ]-h¿-Ø-I¿ ]m-\q-cn¬ \n∂pw ]-cn-k-c ]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬



221

\n∂pw X-e-t»-cn-bn-se-Øn-bn-cp∂p._m^-Jn X-ßfpw R-ßƒ A©vv Fw.F¬.F-am-cpw a-Ωp-

t°-bnbpw th-Zn-bn¬ D-]-hn-„-cmbn. tI-bnbpw Rm\pw X-Ωn¬ A-t∏mgpw kw-km-cn-®n-cp-∂n√.'Ip-dp∏n-t\m-Sv H-cp Im-cyw kw-km-cn-°m-\p-≠v.sN-dn-b- a-Ωp-t°-bn-bp-sS ho-Sp h-sc h-c-Ww'.

tbm-Kw I-gn-™-t∏mƒ _m^-Jn X-ßƒ F-t∂m-Sp ]-d™p.A¬-]-t\-cw B-tem-Nn-® ti-jw h-cm-sa-∂p Rm≥ k-Ω-Xn®p. hnh-cw kp-lr-Øp-°-tfm-Sp ]-d™p. A-h-cmcpw A-\p-Iq-e-am-bn ]-Xn-I-cn-®n√. Ah-sc Rm≥ k-am-[m-\n-∏n®p.

"C∂-sØ km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ \-c-I-Øn-te-°m-bmepw Xßƒhn-fn-®m¬ Rm≥ t]mIpw' k-l-]-h¿Ø-I-tcm-Sv Rm≥ ]-d™p.tI-bn-bp-sS ho-ń¬ Rm≥ sN√p-tºmƒ kn.F-®v ap-lΩ-Zv tIm-b Xp-Sßn-b ]ap-J hy-‡n-Iƒ A-hn-sS D-≠m-bn-cp∂p. tIm-b-º-Øq¿ tI-kn-s\-°p-dn-®p Xßƒ F-t∂m-S-t\z-jn®p. H∂pw a-d-®p-sh-°m-sXF√mw Rm≥ hn-i-Zo-I-cn®p. X-ßƒ tI-bn-bp-sS ap-J-tØ°p-t\m°n.tIbn-bp-sS Im-cy-ßƒ A-t±-lhpw ]-d™p. H-cp ln-µphm-b Rm≥ap-kvv-enw-I-fp-sS Ip-Spw-_-]-iv-\-ß-fpw km-ap-Zmbn-I Im-cy-ßfpw ssI-Imcyw sN-øp-∂-Xn-ep-≈ A-a¿-j-am-bn-cp-∂p tI-bn-bp-sS kw-km-c-Øn-ep-S-\o-fw ap-g-®p-\n-∂-Xv.

"tIm-b-º-Øq¿ kw-`-h-Øn¬ Ip-dp-∏-≠m-bn-cp-t∂m'? X-ßƒtIbn-tbm-Sv tNm-Zn®p. tI-bn-°v k-Xyw Xpd-∂p ]-d-tb-≠n-h∂p.X-ßƒ H-cp \n-an-jw au-\n-bmbn.

"Ip-dp-∏n-s‚ t]-cn¬ I-≈-t°-kv sIm-SpØ-Xv sX-‰mWv. BtI-kv BZyw ]n≥-h-en-°Ww. sam-gn sIm-Sp-°p-∂ ]-iv-\w Rm≥ ]-d-™p-Xo¿-tØm-fmw.'

kz-¥w ]m¿- n-bn-se H-cp t\-Xmhn-t\mSpw a-s‰m-cp t\-Xm-hn\pwC-X ]-cp-j-am-bn s]-cp-am-dm≥ I-gn-s™-∂p h-cn√. ]s£, _m^-JnX-ßƒ-°Xpw A-Xn-e-∏p-dhpw I-gn-bp-am-bn-cp∂p.

B-fl-ip-≤n-bn-epw B-⁄m-i-‡n-bnepw A-Xp-ey-]-`m-hm-\m-bn-cp-∂p P-\m-_v X-ßƒ. k-Xy-Øn¬ \n-∂pw \ym-b-Øn¬ \n∂pwB¿-°p-th-≠nbpw AWp-t]mepw At±lw hy-Xn-N-en-®n-cp-∂n√. A-t±-lØ-n-s‚ \n¿-t±-i-ßfpw D-]-tZ-i-ßfpw \n-tj-[n-°p-hm≥ B¿°pwss[-cy-ap-≠m-hm-dn√.

Aß-s\ tIm-b-º-Øq¿ tI-kv Ip-ým-en ]n≥-h-en-®p. Ip-ým-enbpw `m-cy-ho-´p-Im-cpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ ]-iv-\-ßƒ P-\m-_v X-ßƒ ]d-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

222223

™v Xo¿-°p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. s]m-´-¶-≠n-bp-sS `mK-Øv \n-∂v Ip-ým-en-°v 5000 I. sIm-Sp-°p-hm-\m-bn-cp-∂p B-Zy-Xo-cp-am\w. X-ßƒ C-cp-hn-`m-K-°m-sc sIm≠pw hy-‡am-b IW-°v ]-d-bn-®p. F√mw tI-´-Xn-\p-ti-jw 16000 I. Ip-ým-en s]m-´-¶-≠n-bp-sS `m-K-tØ-°v A-tßm-´psIm-Sp-°-W-sa-∂v, X-ßƒ ]-d™p. \o-Xn \n-jvT-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv''(]n.B¿. Ip-dp-∏v ˛ "Fs‚ \m-Sn-s‚ I-Y, F-s‚bpw'. B-flI-Y. t]-Pv 315, 316)

-KwA vXºH .p®-n[m_ wpbØs-f-cIt v∏¿fn] esnk-K¨mItß-fp≈ tIm¨Kkv \nb-a-k`m I£n-bn¬ \n∂v A©v AwK-ßƒCµnc ]£Øpw \mep-t]¿ kwL-S\m tIm¨Kkv ]£-Øp-ambnth¿]n-cn-™p.

AI-am-k-‡-amb kac tImem-l-e-ßƒ sIm≠v A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ Kh¨sa‚ns\ iey-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p am¿Ivkn-Ãp-Im¿.1970 P\p-hcn 4˛mw XnøXn Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ sh®v Hcp am¿IvknÃv]h¿Ø-I≥ B`y-¥c a¥n kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbsb BknUv_ƒs_-dn™v sIme-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ ian-®p. Sm≥kvt]m¿ v ka-c-Øns‚t]cn¬ 1970 P\p-hcn 21˛mw XnøXn a´-∂q-cn-\-Sp-Øp≈ Nmh-t»-cn-bn¬AºXv bmX-°m-scbpw Ib‰n HmSn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ sI.-F-kv.-B¿.-Sn.-

sh¥p-a-cn-®p. \nc-h-[n-t]¿°v Kpcp-X-c-amb s]m≈-te-‰p.1970 s^_p-hcn 9˛mw XnøXn ]pXn-b-ßm-Sn-bn-ep≈ _m-

^JnXßfpsS hk-Xn-bn¬ tN¿∂ tÃ‰v apkvenw eoKv ]h¿ØIkanXn "\nc-]-cm-[n-I-fmb P\-ßsf Fdn™pw Icn®pw cmjvSobsshcmKyw Xo¿°p∂ arKob \bw kzoI-cn-®p≈ am¿IvknÃv]m¿ńsb H‰-s∏-Sp-ØW'sa∂v Blzm\w sNbvXp.

]Xn-]£ kacw Bfn-°-Øp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ `c-W-]-£ØpwNne Imep-am‰ \mS-I-ßƒ \S-∂p. \n\-®n-cn-°mØ t\cØv \mev Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ Xßƒ ]Xn-]-£-tØ°v amdp∂p F∂v kv]o°¿°vFgp-Xn-s°m-Sp-Øp. t\man-t\-‰Uv AwK-amb Fkv.-]n. eqbn-kns‚se‰¿ t]∏-dn¬ ]n.-F-≥. Nµ-tk-\≥, Fw.-Fw. tXma-kv, Fw.sItPm¿÷v, sI.-kn. kJ-dn-bmkv F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p Aßs\ Fgp-Xn-s°m-SpØ Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿. \nb-a-k` \S-°p∂ Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.

\nb-a-k-`-bn¬ am¿®v 19˛mw XnøXn tNmtZym-Ø-c-thfIgn™ DSs\ apJy-a¥n A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ A]-Xo-£n-X-amb Hcp]kvXm-h\ sNbvXp.



223

"k¿, F\n-s°mcp ]kvXm-h\ sNøm-\p-≠v. C∂se cmXnhfsc sshInb Ah-k-c-Øn¬ `c-W-I£n AwK-ß-fm-bn-´p≈GXm\pw Fw.-F¬.-F-am¿ `cW I£n-bn¬\n∂v amdn ]Xn-]-£-Øn-cn-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂ hnhcw _lp-am-\-s∏´ kv]o°¿°vFgp-Xn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xmbn Adn-bp-∂p-≠v. Cu ]cn-X-ÿn-Xn-b¬ Cua¥n-k-`°v Cu -k-`-bpsS hnizmkapt≠m-sb∂v Adn-b-W-sa-∂mWvKh¨sa‚ v BK-ln-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m-h-iy-am-bn-´p≈ Hcp tamj≥aqhv sNøm≥ F\n°v A\p-hmZw XcWw'

apJy-a¥n hnizm-k-th v tXSp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]kvXpX hnizmk]ta-bsØ ]‰n \nb-a-k` ]Xn-s\m-∂c aWn-°q¿ N¿® sNbvXp.am¿®v 23˛mw XnøXn thmń-\n-´-t∏mƒ, hnizm-k-]-tabw ]m m-bn. kn.-]n.-sF. (19), apkvenw eoKv (14), sF.-F-kv.-]n. (11), B¿.-F-kv.-]n. (6),tIcf tIm¨Kkv (5), tIm¨Kkv sF (5), I¿Wm-SI kanXn (2),sI.-sI.]n. (Fw.Fw. tXma-kv) (1), I£nc-ln-X¿ (a-‰-∏≈n aPoZv, ]n.-]n. hn’¨, samd-bnkv (3) F∂n-h¿ Kh¨sa‚n\v A\p-Iq-e-ambnAWn-\n-c-∂-t∏mƒ kn.-]n.-Fw. (50), Fkv.-F-kv.]n (4) IΩyq-WnÃvdh-eyq-j-\dn ]m¿ń (sI.-sI. AÆ≥, sI.-]n.-B¿. tKm]m-e≥) (2),sI.-Sn.-]n. (1), kzX-¥≥ (1) F∂n-h¿ ]Xn-]-£-Øn\v thm´v sNbvXp.Imep-am-dn-sb∂v kv]o°¿°v IsØ-gp-Xnb Fw.-Fw. tXmakvKh¨sa‚n\v A\p-Iq-e-ambn thm´v sNbvXp. as‰mcp Imep-am-‰-°m-c-\mb sI.-kn. kJ-dn-bmkv k`-bn¬ lmP-cm-bn-√. Fkv.-]n. eqbnkpw\mev kwL-S\m tIm¨Kkpw \njv]-£X ]men-®p. Kh¨sa‚n\vA\p-Iq-e-ambn 66 thm´p-Ifpw FXn-cmbn 58 thm´p-I-fp-am-Wv hoW-Xv. a¥n-k` X¬°mew c£-s∏-´p.

C°m-e-a-Xbpw _m-^JnXßƒ hni-a-c-ln-X-amb ]h¿Ø-\-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw eoKns‚ apJ-]-X-amb Nµn-I°v B[p-\nI coXn-bn -ep≈ tdm´dn ]kv kºm-Zn -°pI F∂Xv _m-^JnXßfpsS Nnc-Ime A`n-em-j-am-bn-cp-∂p. Nµn-I-bpsS amt\-PnwKvUb-d-IvS¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ _m-^JnXßƒ Xs‚ Xnc-°p-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ NµnI tdm´dn ] n\p th≠nbpw ITn-\m-≤zm\w sNbvXp. 1970am¿®v 28˛mw Xnø-Xn-bmWv B kz]v\w ]qh-Wn-™Xv. A∂v tImgn-t°mSv Nµn-I°v th≠n ]pXp-Xmbn \n¿Ωn® aq∂v \ne sIń-S-Øn-s‚-bpw, AXym-[p-\nI kwhn-[m-\-ß-tfmSp IqSnb tdm´dn ] n-s‚bpwDZvLm-S\w tIcf Kh¿W¿ hnizm-\m-Y≥ \n¿∆-ln-®p. apJy-a¥nkn. A®p-X-ta-t\m-\mWv B[y£w hln-®-Xv. NS-ßn¬, Cu kwcw-`-Øns‚ in¬∏n-bmb _m-^JnXßfmWv kzmKXw Biw-kn-®-Xv.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

224225

1970 G]n¬ amkw 25, 26 Xnø-Xn-I-fn¬ kwÿm\ apkvenweoKns‚ as‰mcp hm¿jnI alm-k-tΩ-f\w ]me-°m´v \S-∂p. _m-^JnXßƒ tIc-f-amsI HmSn \S∂v kwL-Sn-∏n®XmWv Cu alm-k-tΩ-f-\w. ]Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n\v lcnX hf-≠n-b¿am-cpsS dq´vam¿®psIm≠v NcnXw krjvSn® Hcp ktΩ-f-\-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. ktΩ-f\hnP-b-Øn-\p≈ apJy-L-SIw ]kn-U≠v _m-^JnXßfpsS saøvad-∂p≈ A≤zm\w Xs∂.

sIm´m-c-°c, \ne-ºq¿ D]-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏p-I-f-n¬ P\-hn[n t\Sp-Ibpw \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ hnizmk thm´n¬ hnP-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh-¶nepw A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ Kh¨sa‚ns\ \n¿`mKyw \ng¬t]mse ]n¥p-S¿∂p. sF.-F-kv.-]n-bn¬ Ahn-cm-a-ambn XpS¿∂ A¥:OnZ-ßƒ [\-Im-cy-a¥n F≥.-sI. tijs‚ cmPn-bn-emWv Iem-in-®-Xv. sF.-F-kv.-]n-tbm-Sp≈ Xs‚ cq£-amb ]Xn-tj[w ]c-ky-ambn ]I-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-X-s∂, Xriq¿ tImtf-Pnse Cw•oj[ym]-I-\m-bn-cp∂ tij≥1970 G]n¬ 2˛mw XnøXn a¥n-k-`-bn¬ \n∂v cmPn-sh-®p. LS-I-I-£n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Akzm-ÿy-ßƒ ho≠pw ]pI-bm≥ XpS-ßn. c£m-]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-ambn _m-^JnXßƒ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-tØm-Sn-sb-Øn.At±lw apJya¥n-bpsS hk-Xn-bn¬sN∂v A®p-X-ta-t\m-\p-ambpwa‰v t\Xm-°-fp-ambpw Zo¿L-ambn N¿® sNbvXp. CØ-hW Bcpw]Xo-£n-°mØ Hc-¤pX a¥-amWv _m- JnXßƒ D]-tZ-in-®-Xv. Ccp-sNhn Adn-bm-sX, a¥n-k` \ne-\n¿Øn-s°m≠v Akwªn ]ncn-®p-hn-Sm≥ apJy-a¥n, Kh¿Wsd D]-tZ-in-®-t∏m-gmWv _m-^JnXßfp]tZ-in® A¤pX a¥-sa-s¥∂v Bfp-Iƒ°v ]nSn-In-´n-b-Xv.

1970 Pq¨ 26˛mw XnøXn \nb-a-k` ]ncn-®p-hn-´p.Hcp Cu®-t]mepw aW-Ø-dn-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xn\p apºv A®p-

X-ta-t\m-s\-s°m≠v \nb-a-k` ]ncn-®p-hn-Sm≥ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ _m-^JnXßƒ sNep-Ønb kzm[o\w cmjvSob Ncn-X-Øn¬tcJ-s∏´p InS-°p-∂p. AXn\v ]›m-Ø-e-ambn \S∂ Hcp \mS-Io-b-cwKw ]kn≤ ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\mb Fw. Ben-°p™n hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv tIƒ°p-I:

_m-^JnXßƒ tImgn-t°mSp \n∂v Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv HmSn-sb-Øn. AhnsS \n∂v Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-tØ°v ]d-∂p. cmjvSo-b-ambnNe-\-sam-∂p-an-s√∂ Hc-¥-co-£-am-bn-cp∂p ]c-ky-ambn D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]s£ cmjvSo-b-°-f-cn-bnse AWn-b-d-I-fn¬ ]e AWn-s™m-cp-ß-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. KqVm-tem-N-\-Ifpw IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I-fpw ]Xn-]£ cmjvSob I£n-Iƒ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. _m-^JnXßƒ



225

Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-csØØnb-tXm-Sp-IqSn kw`-h-ßƒ kkq£vaw ho£n-®p. At±lw Hcp \nK-a-\-Øn-se-Øn. Cu a¥n-k- °v CuSv t]msc∂vAt±lw Z¿i\w \S-Øn. At±lw Kh¿Wsd I≠p. ]nt‰ Znhkwa¥n-k-`m-tbm-K-Øn\v tijw apJy-a¥n A®p-X-ta-t\ms\ Kh¿W¿hnfn-∏n-®p.

As∂mcp sh≈n-bm-gvN-bm-bn-cp-∂p. _m-^JnXßƒ hni-an-®n-cp-∂Xv a¥n \l-bpsS hk-Xn-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ 11 aWn°vXßsf ImWm≥ sN∂p. kwkm-cn-°p∂ thf-bn¬ Xßƒ Ft∂mSvHcp tNmZyw tNmZn-®p. Akwªn ]ncn-®p-hn-´m¬ a¥n-k` \ne-hn-ep-≠m-Iptam F∂Xmbn-cp∂p B tNmZyw. "AhnsS FØm-dmtbm'Fs∂mcp adp-tNmZyw Rm≥ Atßm´v sXmSp-Øp-hn-´p. "]X-°m-tcmSvH∂pw tNmZn-®p-Iq-Sm. ]d-bm-Ø-XmWv Ah¿ a\- n-em-°p-I. C\n\ap°v Ppam \a-kvImcØn\v t]mImw' F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v _m-^JnXßƒ Fs∂ B apdn-bn¬Xs∂ Ccp-Øn. ]pd-tØ°v hnń-√.Rßƒ c≠p-t]cpw PpapA ]m¿∞-\°v t]mbn Xncn-®p-h-∂p. DuWvIgn-°p-tºmƒ \nb-a-k` ]ncn-®p-hn- p-sh∂v Kh¿W¿ ]Jym-]n-®-XmbnHcp t^m¨ ktµiw apJy-a-¥n-bpsS hk-Xn-bn¬ e`n-®p. ]X-°mscsRń-°p∂ Hcp hm¿Ø-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. hm¿Ø-Iƒ Ipdn-s®-Sp-°m\pw aW-Ø-dn-bm\pw Ignhpw sI¬∏p-ap≈ ]X-°msc _m-^JnXßƒ Aßs\ Aº-cn-∏n-®p. "\ns∂ Rm≥ ]pdØv hnSm-Xn-cp-∂Xv \o \ns‚ kl-]-h¿Ø-I-∑msc Adn-bn-°m-Xn-cn-°m-\m-bn-cp∂p'F∂ hni-Zo-I-cWw _m-^JnXßƒ F\n°v \¬InbXv DuWv Ign-°p-tºmƒ h∂ B hm¿Ø°v tij-am-bn-cp-∂p.

ae-bmf at\m-c-a-bpsS _yqtdm-No^v sI.-B¿. NpΩm≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv IqSn tIƒ°p-I:˛

]n.-F-kv.-]n. [\Im-cy-a¥n F≥.-sI. tijs\ a¥n-k-`-bn¬\n∂v cmPn-sh-∏n-®-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿∂p-f-hmb cmjvSo-b-°p-g-∏-Øn-te°vX≈n-hn´t∏mgmWv tIcf cmjvSo-b- NcnXØn¬ Hcn-°-ep-ap-≠m-bn-ń-√m-Ø-hn[w \mS-Io-b-amb \nb-a-k` ]ncn-®p-hn-Sm≥ apJy-a¥nKh¿Wsd D]-tZ-in-®-Xv. a¥n-k- mw-K-ßƒ t]mep-a-dn-™n- n-√mØ BXocp-am\w ssIs°m-≈p-∂-Xnepw _m-^JnXßƒ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb]¶v hln-®n-cp-∂p.'

ho≠pw CS°me Xnc-s™-Sp∏v. 1970 sk]vXw-_¿ 17˛mwXnøXn \S∂ CS-°me sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ kn.-]n.-sF.˛ apkvenw eoKv˛ B¿.-F-kv.-]n. ˛ ]Pm tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿ń F∂o I£n-Iƒ Hcpap∂-Wn-bmbpw tIm¨Kkv B ap∂-Wn-bp-ambn kl-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

226227

amWv a’-cn-®-Xv. tIcf tIm¨Kkv ko‰v hn`-P-\-Øn¬ X¿°n®vap∂-Wn-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øp-t]m-bn. am¿IvknÃv ]m¿ń, Fkv.-F-kv.-]n., sI.-F.-kv.-]n, sISn.-Sn.-]n. apX-emb ]m¿ń-Iƒ H∂n®v adp-ap-∂-Wn-bp-am-bn.

"aq∂mw ap∂-Wn-°mbn cwKØv h∂ I£n-I-fnse Nneÿm\m¿∞n-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p \o°p-t]m-°p-Iƒ \S-Øm-\p-t±-in-®-Xv. tIcf tIm¨K-kv, kwL-S\ tIm¨K-kv, kzX-¥, P\-kwLw F∂o I£n-I-fmWv H∂n®v tN¿∂v _e-]-co-£Ww \S-Øm-\mbn apt∂m´v h∂-Xv. Cu ap∂-Wn-bn¬s∏´ hnP-b-km-[y-X-bp≈Nne ÿm\m¿∞n-Iƒ°v ]n¥pW \¬Ip-I-sb-∂p-≈Xpw am¿°nÃvt\XrXzw Bhn-jvI-cn® sXc-s™-Sp∏v X¥-Øns‚ A]-Jym-]nX`mK-am-bn-cp-∂p.' ]t£ B Ah-k-c-hmZ cmjvSobw ]_p-≤-tI-cfwXncn-®-dn-™p. NXp-»-‡n-ap-∂-Wn- -tIm¨Kkv kJy-Øn\v hy‡-amb`qcn-]£w e`n-®p. 56 ÿm\-ß-fn¬ a’-cn® am¿IvknÃv ]m¿ń°v 31ko‰p-Itf e`n-®p-≈q.

I£n-\ne C]-Im-c-am-Wv.tIm¨Kkv 32, kn.-]n.-Fw. 31, tIcf tIm¨Kkv 12, kn.-]n.-

sF. 16, Fkv.-F-kv]n. 6, kwL-S\m tIm¨Kkv 3, apkvenw eoKv 12,sF.-F-kv.-]n. 3, B¿.-F-kv.-]n. 6, sI.-Sn.-]n. 2, ]n.-F-kv.-]n. 3, sI.-F-kv.-]n. 2

NXp-»‡n ap∂-Wnbpw tIm¨K pw IqSn-b-t∏mƒ 73 ko‰p-I-fm-bn. AXv hy‡-amb `qcn-]-£-am-bn-cp-∂p.

1970 HIvtSm-_¿ 4˛mw XnøXn A®p-X-ta-t\ms‚ ]pXnb a¥n-k` kXy-]-Xn⁄ sNbvXv A[n-Im-c-ta-s‰-Sp-Øp. ]pXnb a¥n-k-`-bnse AwK-ßƒ:˛

F≥.-C. _¬dmw,- ]n.-F-kv. io\n-hm-k≥, ]n.-sI. cmL-h≥(kn.-]n.-sF), kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImb, sI. Ahp-°m-Z¿Ipń \l(apkvenw eoKv), Sn.sI. Znhm-I-c≥, t__n tPm¨ (B¿.-F-kv.-]n.),F≥.-sI. _meIrjvW≥ (]n.-F-kv.-]n).

B¿.-F-kv.]n ]pXnb \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ tN¿∂p. ]s£tIm¨K- v, a¥n-k-`-bn¬ tN¿∂n-√. apkvenw eoKnse sI.sambvXo≥Ipń lmPn kv]o°-dmbpw B¿.-F-kv.-]n-bnse B¿.-F-kv.DÆn sU]yqń kv]o°-dmbpw sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p.

1971˛¬ temIvk-`-bn-te°v \S∂ Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ P\-kw-Lw˛ kwL-S\m tIm¨K-kv˛ kzX¥ ]m¿ń apX-emb I£n-IƒDb¿Ønb alm-k-Jy-Øns‚ sh√p-hn-fn-Isf ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v



227

CµncmKm‘n hºn® `qcn-]-£-tØmsS A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ h∂p. tIc-f-Ønse `c-W-ap-∂-Wn-bnse F√m LSI-I-£n-Ifpw AtXm-sSm∏w`c-W-ap-∂-Wn-bn¬s∏-SmØ tIcf tIm¨K pw temIvk`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨K-kn\v A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cusbmcp cmjvSobkml-N-cy-Øn¬ tIc-f-Ønse a¥n-k-`-bn¬ \n∂v tIm¨Kkv hn´v\n¬°p-∂Xv icn-b√ F∂ A`n-]mbw i‡-ambn Db¿∂ph∂p."tIm¨Kkv C\nbpw ]pd-Øp-\n¬°p∂Xv icn-b-√, Ah¿ a¥n-k-`-bn¬ ]th-in®v Kh¨sa‚ns\ i‡n-s∏-Sp-ØWw' F∂v _m-^JnXßƒ Bh-iy-s∏-´p. sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. ]kn-U≠v sI.sI hniz-\m-Ys\ I≠v _m-^JnXßƒ kwkm-cn-®p. HSp-hn¬ tIm¨K-kv,A®p-X-ta-t\m≥ a¥n-k`bn¬ tNc-m-sa∂v kΩ-Xn-®p. AtXm-sSm∏wAt\z-jW IΩo-j≥ Ip‰-hn-ap-‡-cm-°nb kn.-]n.-sF. t\Xm-°-fmbFw.-F≥ tKmhn-µ≥ \mbcpw Sn.-hn. tXmakpw ho≠pw a¥n-k-`-bn¬tNc-W-sa∂pw Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-´p. Ah¿°v hgn-sbm-cp-°m-\mbn ]n.-F-kv. io\n-hm-k≥, F≥.-C. _me-dmw, ]n.-sI. cmL-h≥ F∂n-h¿a¥n-k-`-bn¬ \n∂v cmPn-sh-®p.

1971 sk]vXw-_¿ 24˛mw XnøXn sI. Icp-Wm-I-c≥, sI.Sn.tPm¿Pv, h°w ]pcp-tjm-Ø-a≥, tUm. sI.-Pn. ASn-tbm-Sn, sh≈ Cu®-c≥ F∂o tIm¨Kkv a¥n-am¿ kXy-]-Xn⁄ sNbvXp. A∂p-Xs∂]pXnb IΩyq-WnÃv a¥n-am-cmbn Fw.-F≥. tKmhn-µ≥ \mbcpw Sn.-hn.tXmakpw A[n-Im-c-ta-s‰-Sp-Øp.

B`y-¥c hIp-∏ns‚ Npa-Xe kn.-F-®v. apl-Ω-ZvtIm-b-bn¬\n∂pw ]pXnb tIm¨Kkv a¥n sI. Icp-Wm-I-c≥ Gs‰-Sp-Øp.

tIc-f-Ønse Imcy-ß-sf√mw Hcp-hn[w km[m-cW \ne-bn¬FØn® a\- -am-[m-\-hp-ambn _m-^JnXßƒ X\n°v G‰hpw ]nb-s∏´ ktlm-Z-cn-bmb ico- m-dufm apØp-_n-tbm-sSm∏w 1971 sk]vXw-_-dn¬ l÷v I¿Ωw \n¿∆-ln-°m-\mbn ho≠pw ]cn-ip≤ a°-bn-te°vt]mbn.

]pXnb B`y-¥c a¥n sI. Icp-Wm-I-cs‚ apºn¬ Ai-\n-]mXw t]mse s]m´n-hoW A`n-i]vX kw`-h-am-bn-cp∂p 1971 Unkw-_¿ 28˛mw XnøXn Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ \S∂ kmap-Zm-bnI kwL-´-\w.tUmIvS¿ B¿. ]k-∂≥ At±-l-Øns‚ "\nb-a-k-`-bn¬ \n»-–-\mbn' F∂ KŸ-Øn¬ B kwL-´-\-Øns‚ Hcp eLp-hn-h-c-Ww\¬Ip-∂Xv C]-ImcamWv.

"28˛mw XnøXn A¿≤-cmXn Xe-t»cn \Kcw Dd-ßn-°n-S-∂-t∏mƒ aX-`m¥v aqew Dd-°hpw _p≤nbpw sI´p-t]mb Nne¿ tN¿∂v


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

228229

Hcp apkven-ans‚ tlm´¬ BI-an-®p. aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ°Iw B hm¿ØIm´p-Xo-t]mse \K-c-saßpw ]c-∂p.... AI-am-k-‡-amb P\-°q-´-Øns‚ Akpc apjvSn-°p-≈n-emb Xe-t»cn \Kcw sRcn-™-a¿∂p.aq∂v cmhp-Ifpw aq∂v ]I-ep-Ifpw Im´m-f-∑m-cpsS hnf-bm´w \n¿_m[wXpS¿∂p.

"Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ h¿Kob elf Bcw-`n® i]n-°-s∏´ cmXnXs∂-bmWv kp]-kn≤ _ln-cm-Imi imkvX-⁄-\mb hnIw kmcm-`mbv lrZ-b-kvXw`\w aqew Nc-a-a-S-™-Xv. Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øn-\-Sp-Øp≈ Xpº _ln-cm-Im-i Kth-jW tIµ-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø\ ]ptcm-KXn ]cn-tim-[n-°m-s\-Øn-b-t∏m-gmWv B BI-kvanI kw`-hp-ap-≠m-b-Xv. temI-]-i-kvX-\mb B imkvX-⁄-t\m-Sp≈ _lp-am\ kqN-I-ambn At±-l-Øns‚ arX-tZ-l-tØm-sSm∏w a¥n-k-`-bnse c≠mwÿm\-°m-c-\mb Icp-Wm-I-c≥ IqSn U¬ln-bn-te°v t]mI-W-sa∂a¥n-k` Xocp-am-\-a-\p-k-cn®v B`y-¥c a¥n ]nt‰∂v Atßm v t]mbn.B`y-¥c a¥n-bpsS A`m-h-Øn¬ t]meokv A[n-Ir-X¿°v Bh-iy-amb \n¿t±-i-ßƒ \¬Ip-hm≥ Bcp-an-√m-Xm-bn. sIm≈bpw sIm≈n-sh∏pw ]S-cp-I-bm-sW∂ kw -a-P-\-I-amb hm¿Ø Adn-™n´pw a¥n-amcmcpw Xet»-cn-bn-te°v t]mbn-√. sshIn-sb-Ønb tUmIvS¿ AS-tbm-Sn-°m-Is´ ^e-]-Z-ambn H∂pw sNøp-hm\pw Ign-™n-√.

"]pXp-h-’-c-∏p-e-cn-bn¬ Xe-t»-cn-bn-se-Ønb B`y-¥-c-a-¥n°v XI¿∂v Xmdp-am-dm-bn-°n-S-°p∂ ] -W-sØ-bmWv IWn-Im-Wm≥Ign-™-Xv. Gßpw Xßn \n∂n-cp∂ ivaim\ aqI-Xsb `RvPn-°p-hm≥ Xeßpw hneßpw ]m™p-t]m-Ip∂ t]meokv Po∏p-I-fpsSCc-º-ep-Iƒ amXw. IØn-°-cn™ IS-I-tºm-f-ßfpw Xd-]-‰nb Xma-k-ÿ-e-ßfpw tISp-]m-Sp-Iƒ `hn® Bcm-[-\m-b-e-ßfpw Ah-°n-S-bn¬ t]Sn®c≠pw tXßn°-c™pw Ign™pw F√mw \jvS-s∏´ lX-`m-Ky-cmb Ipsd a\pjy Pohn-Ifpw ˛ F√mw IqSn lrZ-b-t`-Z-I-abHcp ImgvN-bm-bn-cp-∂p.'

XpS¿∂p≈ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ hnhn[ I£n-I-fn¬s∏´ cmjvSobt\Xm-°-∑m-cpsS Hcp ]hmlw Xs∂ Xe-t»-cn-bn-te-°p-≠m-bn.kz¥w I£n-bn¬s∏-´-h¿ \¬Inb hnh-c-ß-f-\p-k-cn®pw I£n-Xm¬]cyßƒ°-\p-Kp-W-ambpw D≈ ]Nm-c-W-]-c-amb ]kvXm-h\H∂n\p ]pdsI as‰m∂mbn ]pdØp h∂p. h¿§ob kulm¿±wXI¿Øv B`y-¥c Iem-]-Øn\v hgn-sbm-cp-°m≥ am¿Ivkn-Ãp-Im¿t_m[-]q¿∆w \S-Ønb Hcp ia-am-sW∂v `c-W-I-£n-Iƒ Btcm-]n-®-t∏mƒ B¿.-F-kv.-F- n\pw P\-kw-L-Øn\pw th≠ HØmi



229

\¬Inb apkvenw eoKns\ HXp-°p-hm-\mbn tIm¨Kkv Hcp-°nbsIWn-bm-sW∂v am¿Ivkn-Ãp-Imcpw Xncn-®-Sn-®p.

Kh¨sa‚ns‚ IW-°-\p-k-cn®v ap∂q-‰n-b≥]-tXmfw IS-IfpwCcp-\q-dn¬∏cw hoSp-Ifpw Fgp-]-Øn-c≠v tZhm-e-b-ß-fp-amWv ]q¿Æ-amtbm `mKn-I-amtbm el-f-bn¬ \in∏n°-s∏-´-Xv. Iem-]-Øn\v DØ-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ Bcm-bn-cp-∂mepw \mi-\-jvS-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ kln-t°-≠n-h-∂Xv apkvenw-I-fm-bn-cp∂p F∂Xv Hcp ]c-am¿∞-am-bn-cp-∂p.'

Xe-t»cn kw`-hw \S-°p-tºmƒ _m-^JnXßƒ hntZ-i-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. ]tøm-fn-bnepw \Sp-h-´Øpw aW-Ø-e-bnepw Akzm-ÿy-ß-fp-≠m-b-t∏mƒ AXns\ apf-bn¬ Xs∂ \p≈n-°-f-bm\pw kulm¿Zw]p\:ÿm]n-°m\pw _m-^JnXßƒ ImWn® A¤p-Xm-h-l-amb Ic-hn-cpXv Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ ]tbm-Kn-°m≥ mKy-tZm-j-Øn\v At±lw \m´n-ep-≠m-bn-√. At±-l-Øn\v amXw Ign-bp-am-bn-cp∂ B ZuXyw Gs‰-Sp-°m≥ as‰m-cmƒ°v Ign-™Xp-an-√.

hntZ-iØp \n∂v Xncn-s®-Ønb DS≥ _m-^JnXßƒ t\sct]mbXv Xe-t»-cn-bn-te-°m-bn-cp-∂p. At∏m-tg°pw ]m\-]mXw XI¿∂v

Ign-™n-cp-∂p.

230


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

230

18

hnS-hmßpw apsºmcp hnhmZw

JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v C¥y-bnseapkvenw kap-Zm-b--Øns‚ k¿∆m-Z-c-Wo-b-\mb t\Xm-hm-Wv. tZiobkzmX-¥y-k-ac ImeØv Z£n-tW-¥y≥ cmjvSo-b- cw-KØv ]Imiw]c-Ønb \£-X-am-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. BZyw tIm¨K-kn-s‚bpw]n∂oSv apkvenw eoKn-s‚bpw kap-∂X t\Xr-ti-Wn-bn¬Øs∂At±lw \ne-bp-d-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ Km‘n-Pn-bp-sSbpw s\lvdp-hn-s‚bpw ]n∂oSv apl-Ω-Zen Pn∂-bp-sSbpw enbm-JØv Aen-Jm-s‚bpw kl-]-h¿Ø-I-\mbn cmjvSob Ncn-X-Øn¬ At±lwÿm\-ap-d-∏n-®n- p-≠v. aZn-cmin \nb-a-k- -bn¬ 29 AwK-ß-fp≈ apkvenweoKv ]m¿´n-bpsS eoU-dmbpw ]Xn-]£ t\Xm-hmbpw At±lw amXr-Im-tbm-Ky-amb ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ImgvN-sh-®p. C¥y≥ `c-W-L-S-\m\n¿ΩmW kan-Xn-bnepw ]m¿e-sa‚ns‚ Ccp k`-I-fnepw At±lwAwK-am-bn-cp-∂p.

1948 am¿®v 10˛mw XnøXn C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw-eoKvÿm]n-X-amb Imew apX¬ AXns‚ A\n-tj-≤y-\mb ]kn-U‚m-Wv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_v. Ht´sd ]Xn-k‘n L´-ßfn¬ apkvenweoKn\pw kap-Zm-b-Øn\pw ]cn-]-Izhpw IrXy-X-bm¿∂-Xp-amb am¿§-\n¿t±iw \¬Im≥ At±-l-sØ-°mƒ anI® Hcp t\Xmhns\ C¥y-bn¬ Is≠-Øm-\m-hn-√. At±-l-Øns‚ Ah-km\ \mfp-I-sf-∏‰napkvenw-eoKv t\Xmhpw ap≥ ]m¿e-sa‚w-K-hp-amb F.-sI. cn^mC Fgp-Xnb "Juan¬ Imh-e¿' F∂ Poh-N-cnX KŸ-Øn¬ \n∂v NneJfin-I-Iƒ D±-cn-°-s´. (Cu KŸw Xan-gn¬ \n∂v "JmCsZan√Øv'F∂ t]cn¬ BenIv hmg-°mSv ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.)



231

""1971˛mw h¿jw c≠mw ]Ip-Xn-bn¬ JmCsZ an√Øv Xan-gv\m-ń-ep-S-\ofw hni-Z-am-sbmcp ]cy-S\w \S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. an°-hm-dp-sa√m Pn√-I-fnepw At±lw kµ-¿i\w \S-Øn. CXv ]q¿Øn-bm-°nb tijw \hw-_¿ amkw Ah-km-\-Øn¬ ]m¿e-sa‚ v ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m-\mbn At±lw U¬ln-bn-te°v ]pd-s∏-´p. CXvA-t±-l-Øns‚ Ah-km-\sØ U¬ln bmX-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

JmCsZan√Øv aZmkn¬ \n∂pw sshIp-t∂-csØ hnam-\-Øn¬ U¬ln°v ]pd-s∏- p. A∂v cmXn GI-tZiw 10 aWn°v U¬lnhnam-\-Øm-h-f-Øn-se-Øn. AhnsS \n∂pw hmS-I-°mdv ]nSn®p At±lwXma-kn-°p∂ shtÃ¨ tIm¿ v A©mw \º¿ apdn-bn-se-Øn. At±lw[cn-®n-cp∂ j¿hm-Wn-bpsS _´-Wp-Iƒ t]mepw apgp-h≥ Agn-°m≥Ign-™n-√. AXtb At±-l-Øn\v Hm¿Ω-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. t_m[w-sI´ \ne-bn¬ Iń-en-te°v Xf¿∂v hoWp. c‡w O¿±n-°p-IbpwsNbvXn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øn\v Ipd-®p-Im-e-ambn IpS-en¬ ]pÆv(Aƒk¿) D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A∂v cmXn apgp-h\pw AtX Ah-ÿ-bn¬Ign-™p. cmhnse At±lØns‚ dqan-te°v Nmb sIm≠p-h∂ the-°m-c≥ JmCsZan√Øv c‡-Øn¬ InS-°p-∂Xv I≠v \ne-hn-fn-Iq-ń-b-t∏m-gmWv F-√m-hcpw C°m-cy-a-dn-™-Xv.

DSs\ At±-lsØ U¬ln-bnse sh√nw-KvS¨ tlmkv]n-‰-en¬ AUvan‰p sNbvXp. ASn-b-¥c NnIn’°v hnt[-b-\m-°n. Hcpamk-tØmfw At±lØn\v Bip-]-Xn-bn¬ Xs∂ Ign-tb-≠n-h-∂p.A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-Øm¬ Hcp-hn[w kpJw ]m]n-®-t∏mƒ Xma-k-ÿ-e-tØ°v aS-ßn. Ipd®p Znh-ksØ hni-a-Øn\p tijw aZm-kn-te°v Xncn-®p-t]m-bn.

JmCsZan√Øn\v Hc-fhv hsc tZl-kpJw e`n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Aan-X-ambn c‡w ]pdØp t]mbn-cp-∂-Xns‚ ê-ambn AXn-\p-tijw At±-l-Øns‚ Btcm-Ky-\ne ]q¿Æ-ambpw icn-bm-bn-√.apº-sØ-t∏mse Xs‚ ]Xnhv PohnXw XpS-cm≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™n-√. ]cy-S-\-ß-fn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈m≥ km[y-am-bn-√. At±-l-Øns‚ico-c-Øn¬ ]e Ipg-∏-ßfpw A\p-`-h-s∏-´p. 1972 am¿®v amk-Øn¬At±lw aZm-knse Ãm≥en tlmkv]n-‰-en¬ AUvan‰v sNø-s∏-´p.G]n¬ amkw 4˛mw Xnø-Xn-hsc NnIn-’bpw XS¿∂p.

JmCsZan√Øv ac-W-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v \me©v Znh-k-ßƒ°v apºvHcp Znhkw sshIp-t∂cw At±-l-Øn\v CS-bv°nsS t_m[w sXfn-bp-Ibpw ad-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ Xan-gv\mSv apJy-a¥n Isse-RvP≥ Icp-Wm-\n[n Atßm-´p-h-∂p. JmCsZan√Øns‚


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

232233

tcmK \ne-sb-]‰n At±lw tUmIvS¿am-tcmSt\zjn-®p. At±lw h∂hnhcw JmCsZ an√Øns\ Adn-bn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. At±lw IÆvXpd∂v t\m°n. h∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv Bcm-sW∂v At±-l-Øn\v a\- n-em-bn. Isse-RvP¿ Icp-Wm-\n-[nsb I≠-bpSs\ At±lw Xs‚ ssIIƒ\oń. Icp-Wm-\n[n B ssII-fn¬ ]nSn-®p. At∏mƒ JmCsZan√ØvXosc _e-lo-\-amb i–-Øn¬ "apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v th≠nXm¶ƒ sNbvX klm-b-ßƒs°√mw Fs‚ \µn.'¢F∂v ]d-™p.Cu hm°p-Iƒ Isse-RvP¿ Icp-Wm-\n[n ]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂-tX-b-n√.CXp-tI-´-]msS At±lw kzbw ad∂v \n∂p t]mbn. At±-l-Øns‚IÆp-Iƒ Ie-ßn. F¥p-]-d-b-W-sa-∂-dn-bmsX At±lw A¥n-®p-\n-∂p. AXn-\n-S-bn¬ JmCsZan√Øv IÆp-Iƒ aq-Sn. ho≠pw t_m[-£bwA\p-`-h-s∏-´p. AXn-\p-tijw At±-l-Øns‚ t_m[w sXfn-™-tX-bn-√. 1972 G]n¬ amkw 4˛mw XnøXn k¿∆-i-‡\mb A√mlpAhs‚ NcnX tijvT-cmb DØa Zmk-∑m-cn-sem-cmsf Xs‚ ASp-°-te°v hnfn-®p.''

JmCsZan√Øns‚ \ncymWw _m-^JnXßsf ]nSn-®p-Ip-ep-°nb Hcp AXym-ln-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. F√m Imcy-Ønepw X\n°v Bi-bn-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ _en-jvT-amb Hc-Øm-Wn-bmWv \jvS-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv. B Zp:Jkvar-Xn-bn¬ \n∂v tamN\w t\Sm≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™n√. _m-^JnXßƒ Xf¿∂n-cp∂p t]mbn.

JmCsZ an√Øns‚ ]n≥Km-ansb Is≠-Øm≥ C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw-eoKv \mj-W¬ FIvkn-Iyq-óhv 1972 sabv 14˛mw XnøXnaZn-cm-in-bn¬ ktΩ-fn-®p. kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbsb B ÿm\-tØ°v ]cn-K-Wn-°p-hm≥ _m-^JnXßfpsS \n¿t±-i-tØmsS Nneia-ßƒ \S-∂p. ]s£ kn.-F-®v. AXn\v k∂-≤-\m-bn-√. ]n∂oSvF√m IÆp-Ifpw _m-^JnXßfnte°v Xd-®p. Xs‚ Ignhp tISp-I-sf-°p-dn-®pw. XI¿∂p Ign™ Btcm-Ky-ÿn-Xn-sb-∏-‰nbpw _m-^JnXßƒ \ncp-≤-I-WvT-\mbn hnh-cn-®p.

]s£ JmCsZ an√ -Øns‚ ]n≥Km -an -bmbn _m -^JnXßsfb-√msX as‰m-cm-sfbpw AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ B kZ v Iq´m-°n-bn-√. At∏m-tg°pw Xan-gv\m-ń¬ \n∂p≈ temIvk-`mwKw Fkv.-Fw. ico^v kmln_v _m-^JnXßfpsS t]cv Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn\n¿t±-in-°p-Ibpw _olm-dn¬ \n∂p≈ kønZv Al-ΩZv kmln_v]n¥m-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp. XIv_o¿ [z\n-I-fm¬ apJ-cn-X-amb `‡n-km-µ-amb A¥-co-£-Øn¬ kønZv A_vZp¬ dln-am≥ _m-^JnXßƒ C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ ]kn-U-≠mbn



233

sFI-I-WvtTy\ sXc-s™Sp°-s∏-´p.C¥ym≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ c≠m-asØ ]kn-U-

≠mWv _m-^JnXßƒ. C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ tIc-fo-b-\mb BZysØ ]kn-U≠v F∂ _lp-a-Xnbpw At±-l-Øn-\p-≠v._m-^JnXßsf A\p-tam-Zn-®p-sIm≠v sNbvX ]kw-K-Øn¬ kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb ]d™p: ""apkvenw C¥y-bpsS sNt¶m-e-Wn™NI-h¿Øn-bmbn Aßv sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. cmPy-Ønseapkvenw _lp-P\ßfpsS tib-kp‰ mhn Aß-bpsS ]pWyw sNbvXIc-ß-fn¬ `Z-am-bn-Øo-cs´ F∂v Rm≥ ]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.''

\mev ]Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v apºv tImgn-t°ms´ Su¨ apkvenweoKns‚ JPm≥Pn ÿm\-Øp-\n∂pw Bcw-`n® B bmX Ct∏mƒB ]m¿ń-bpsS AXyp-∂-X-amb ]Z-hn-bn¬ FØn-\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv.tIhew `mKyw sImt≠m, AI-kvan-IX sImt≠m At±-l-Øn\v Ic-K-X-amb Hcp ku`m-Ky-am-bn-cp-∂n√ AXv. Xf-cmØ t]mcm-´-Øn-eqsShni-a-c-ln-X-amb ]h¿Ø-\-Øn-eqsS AN-©-e-amb \n›-b-Zm¿Vy-tØmsS Hcp ]pcp-j-P∑w ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ _en-th-Zn-bn¬ tlman-®-Xn-eqsS At±lw B ]Z-hn°v k¿∆m-fl\m A¿l\pw A\p-tbm-Py-\p-am-bn-Øo-cp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kmam\yw Xc-t°-Sn-√mØ kmº-ØnIkml-N-cy-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n´pw t¢i-ßsf hmcn-∏p-W¿∂p-sIm≠vAt±lw ]m¿ń-°p-th≠n hnb¿s∏m-gp-°n-bn-´p-≠v. apkvenw eoKvkwL-Sn-∏n-°m≥ th≠n At\Iw Intem-ao-‰dpI-tfmfw At±lwIm¬\-S-bmbn bmX NbvXn-´p-≠v. I√pw ap≈pw \nd™ Zp¿§-a-]m-X-I-fn-eqsS k©-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Hcmƒ°v amXw Ib-dm-hp∂ sImXpºptXmWn-I-fn¬ Ibdn Xpg™v t]mbn-´p-≠v. Hcn-°¬ s]m∂m-\n-bn¬Hcp eoKv tbmK-Øn\v t]mIm≥ Xoh≠n am¿Kw tImgn-t°mSp \n∂vXncq¿ hsc t]mbn. A∂v Ip‰n-∏pdw ]mew ]Wn Ign-™n-cp-∂n-√.Xncq-cn¬ \n∂v Hcp sem°S _ n¬ Ib-dn. G‰hpw ]n∂nse ko‰n-em-Wv CSw Inń-b-Xv. _ v sNΩ¨ tdmUnse Ip≠nepw Ipgn-bnepwhoWv Nm©m-Sp-tºmƒ Zo¿L-Im-b-\mb _m-^JnXßfpsS Xe_ ns‚ tSm∏n\v apń-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. Hmh¿ temUmbn Bfp-Iƒ HmSn-°-b-dn. _ n¬ Bfp-Iƒ _m-^JnXßfpsS aSn-bn¬ hsc Ccn-°m≥ XpS-ßn. Ah-km\w Na-h- -sØØn IS-hp-I-S∂p as‰mcp _ n-emWv s]m∂m-\n°v ]pd-s∏-´-Xv. tbmKw Ign™v Xncn-®p-h-∂-t∏mƒHcp hml-\hpw In´m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ Na-h-´Øv Hcp Nmb-∏o-Sn-I-bpsSs_©n¬ At±lw InS-∂p-d-ßn. apkvenw eoKv sIń-∏-Sp-°m≥At±lw sNbvX tkh-\-ßƒ Hcn-°epw ad-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√.


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

234235

t\Xr-]-Z-hn-bn¬ FØn-b-t∏mƒ F√m-h¿°pw amXr-Im-tbm-Ky-\mb t\Xm-°≥am-cpsS t\Xm-hmbn At±lw Db¿∂p. A[n-Im-c-Øn-t\mtSm ]Z-hn-tbmtSm Atijw Bk‡n ImWn-®n-√. hn.-hn. Kncn-sb-t∏m-ep≈ FXtbm alm-c-Y-∑m¿ At±-l-Øns‚ ASpØ kplr-Øp-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Kncn Hcp kw`m-jW at[y ]d™p: ""tIc-f-Øn¬F¥v ]iv\-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-tºmgpw Rm\pw _m- JnXßsfbmWv hnfn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. At±-lsØ hnfn-®m¬ as‰-√m-‰n-\pa--Xo-X-ambn ]iv\w GtXmAXn¬ tIc-f-Øns‚ A`n-]mbw Fs¥∂v Adn-bpw.'' tIc-f-Øn¬Kh¿W-dmb ImesØ A\p-`-h-ß-fmWv Kncn Ab-hn-d-°n-b-Xv.

_m-^JnXßƒ tImgn-t°m-Sp-\n∂v Pman-A-\q-cnbm Ad_n-tIm-tf-Pns‚ `c-W-k-anXn tbmK-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ s]cn-¥¬a-Æ-bn-te°v t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Im¿ tdm°v t]meokvtÃjs‚ apºn-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Hcp t]meo-kp-Im-c≥ Imdn\v ssIIm-Wn-®p. _m-^JnXßƒ°v ssIam-dm-\mbn ][m-\-a¥n Cµn-cm-Km‘nbpsS t^m¨ ktµ-i-am-bn-cp∂p t]meo-kp-Im-cs‚ Iøn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ][m-\-a¥n ASp-Ø-bmgvN tIc-f-Øn¬ hcp-tºmƒ_m-^JnXßsf ImWm-\m-K-ln-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Fd-Wm-Ipfw KÃvlukn¬ sh®v kw`m-j-W-Øn\v kuI-cy-amtWm F∂pw At\z-jn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p ][m-\-a-¥n. Xßƒ kΩ-Xn-®p. ]n‰sØ BgvNtIc-f-Øns‚ k¶o¿Æ-amb cmjvSob ]iv\-sØ-∏-‰nbpw Xs‚Kh¨sa‚n\v apkvenw eoKv \¬Ip∂ ]n¥pW Dd-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰nbpw \yq\-]£ ]iv\-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw 40 an\p´v t\c-tØmfw Cµn-cm-Km‘n _m- JnXßfpambn kw`m-jWw \SØn. N¿®-Iƒ°v tijwt]mt´m-t°mƒ ]cn-K-Wn-°msX _m- JnXßfpsS Imdns‚ ASpØvhsc h∂v At±-lsØ bmX-bm-°n. A∂v ]ap-J-cmb tIm¨Kkvt\Xm-°ƒ°v t]mepw Cµn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-ambn A©v an\p-ń-e-[nIwkwkm-cn-°m≥ ka-b-a-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂n-√. sI.-B¿. NpΩm≥ Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-t]mse ""eoKv Hcp h¿Kob I£n-bm-sW∂ tIm¨K- ns‚amdmØ hnizmkw ho≠pw a¥n-k-`-bpsS apºn¬ Hcp Iodm-ap-ń-bm-bn-Øo¿∂ L´-Øn-emWv ][m-\-a-¥n-bp-am-bp≈ _m-^JnXßfpsSIqSn-°mgvN \S-∂-Xv. am\w sXfn-bm\pw ag-°m-sdm-gn-bm\pw AXv klm-b-I-c-am-bn.''

""]X-te-J-I-tcmSv kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ CXbpw kq£n®vkwkm-cn-°p∂ Hcp t\Xm-hns\ Rm\n-Xp-hsc I≠n-ń-√.'' F∂mWv]ikvX ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\mb hn. -]n. am[-h≥ \mb¿ _m-^JnXßsf]‰n Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. At±lw Cßs\ XpS-cp-∂p. ""]d-



235

tb≠ Imcy-ßƒ amXta At±lw ]dbpam-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. ]d-tb-≠mØ Imcy-ßƒ At±lw Hcn-°epw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Zp¿L-S-amb cmjvSob ]Xn-k-‘n-th-f-I-fn¬ ]X-te-J-I¿ At±-lsØkµ¿in-®m¬ B ]Xn-k-‘n-sb-∏‰n Hc-£-chpw ]d-bmsX as‰-s¥-¶nepw hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d™v ]X-te-J-I-∑msc kwXr-]vX-cm°naS°n Ab-°m≥ A±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]mShw AXp-ey-am-bn-cp-∂p.... CXbpw ]Xn-`mkº∂-\pw \b-X-¥-⁄-\p-amb Hcp bphm-hns\ tIc-f-Øn\v C\n In´ptam F∂v tXm∂p-∂n-√.''

sI.-B¿. NpΩm¿ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®-Xp-t]mse ""Xocp-am-\-ßƒFSp-°p-∂-Xn¬ Akm-am-\y-amb sshZ-KvZyhpw AN-©-e-amb ZrV-Nn-Ø-Xbpw ka-\n-e-sX-‰mØ \oXn-t_m-[hpw F∂pw ]I-Sn-∏n®vt]m∂n- p≈ _m- JnXßƒ Ign™ ]Xn-\©v sIm√-ßƒ°p-≈n¬tIcfw I≠ cmPy-X-¥-⁄-∑m-cn¬ F¥p-sIm≠pw anI® Ign-hp-Iƒ ImgvN-sh-®n-´p≈ Hcp ]K-¤-a-Xn-bm-Wv.'' (a-e-bmf at\m-c-a20˛01˛73)

C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ ]kn-U-≠mbn sXc-s™-Sp -°-s∏-´ -Xn\v tijw tIc-f-Øn¬ Xncn -s®-Ønb _m-^JnXßƒ°v hntcm-Nn-X-amb hc-th¬∏mWv \¬I-s∏-´-Xv. tImgn-t°mSv dbn¬sh tÃj-\n¬ sh®v Bbn-c-°-W-°mb ]m¿´n ]h¿Ø-I¿ At±-lsØ kzoI-cn-®p. tIc-f-Øns‚ F√m ]tZ-i-ß-fnepwP\-ßƒ CØcw kzoI-c-W-ßƒ sIm≠v At±-lsØ ho¿∏p-ap-´n-®p. tIc-f-Øn\v ]pd-Øp-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p CØcw kzoI-c-W-ßƒ.

1972 Pq¨ 18˛mw XnøXn t_mws_-bn¬ \¬Inb kzoI-cWwD÷z-e-am-bn-cp∂p. 350 Imdp-I-fpsS AI-º-Sn-tbmsS bqWnt^mw [cn®hf-≠n-b¿am¿ AI-ºSn tkhn-®p-sIm≠v At±-lsØ km¥m-Iqkvhnam-\-Øm-h-f-Øn¬ \n∂v kzoI-cW ÿe-tØ°v tLmj-bm-X-bmbn B\-bn-®p. 19˛mw XnøXn ssIk¿_m-Kn¬ t_mws_ tIcfapkvenw sh¬s^-b¿ eoKns‚ kzoI-cW tbmK-Ønepw At±lw]s¶-Sp-Øp.

CXn-\n-S-bn¬ _m-^JnXßfpsS Btcm-Ky-\ne A\p-Zn\whj-fmbn hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. "hniaw Bh-iy-amb tcmKn' F∂mWvtUmIvS¿am¿ At±-lsØ hnti-jn-∏n-°m-dp-≈-sX-¶nepw hni-an-°m≥t\cw In´msX apgp-h≥ ka-bhpw cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ apßn-°p-fn-°p-hm-\mWv At±-l-Øn\v Xm¬]-cyw. Xs‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb Akp-J-ßsf]‰n BtcmSpw ]cmXn ]d-bmØ Xßƒ 1972 Unkw-_¿ 3˛mw XnøXnXncp-h-\-¥-]pw _n.-sP.-Un. lmfn¬ tN¿∂ apkvenw eoKns‚


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

236237

kwÿm\ Iu¨kn-en¬ ]kw-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ ]d-™p:˛""F\n°v BtcmKyw hfsc Ipd -™n-cn -°p -∂p.

apºsØt∏mse ]h¿Øn-°m\pw \S-°m\pw km[n-°p-∂n-√. IqSp-X¬ ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw \S-°p-Ibpw sNøm≥ ]mSn-s√∂v tUmIvS¿am¿Fs∂ D]-tZ-in-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ]s£ Cu D]-tZiw tI´v shdpsX Ccn-°p-hm≥ F\n°v km[n-°p-I-bn-√.''

AXv Hcp Bfl-tcm-Z-\-ambn tIƒhn-°m¿°v s\mº-c-]q¿∆wA\p- -h-s∏- p. A∂v sshIp-t∂cw lrZy-amb as‰mcp IqSn-°m-gvN-IqSn\S-∂p. XnI®pw BI-kvan-I-amb IqSn-°mgvN. _m-^JnXßƒ, a¥nkn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb-bpsS hk-Xn-bmb ¢n^v lukn¬ Ccn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ ae-bmf kn\n-a-bnse \nXy lcnX \mb-I-\mb\S≥ t]w\-ko¿ AhnsS Ib-dn-h-∂p. _m-^JnXßƒ t]w \ko-dns\ kzoI-cn-®p. Ah¿ ]c-kv]cw Bt«jn®v BZ-c-hp-Iƒ ssIamdnNmb-Ip-Sn-®p. t]w \ko¿ t]mbn Ign-™-Xn\v tijw _m- JnXßƒAXpey \S-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ hniZ hnhc-ßƒ tNmZn®v a\- n-em-°n.

JmCsZ an√Øv apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ kmln_ns‚ ac-W-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v Hgn-hv h∂ at©cn temIv-k`m afi-eØn¬ a’-cn-°m-\p≈ apkvenw eoKns‚ ÿm\m¿∞nsb ]Jym-]n-°m≥ kwÿm\apkvenw eoKv IΩn‰n _m- JnXßsf Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn. ]m¿e-sa‚n¬JmCsZ an√Øn\v Hcp ]I-c-°m-cs\ Is≠-ØpI:-˛ hnj-a-I-c-ambHc-t\z-j-W-am-bn-cp∂p _m- JnXßƒ \S-tØ-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. At±lwkl-]-h¿Ø-I∑m-cp-ambn kwkm-cn-®p. Zo¿L-t\cw Xe-]p-I-™p.F∂n v a\- n¬ Hcp t]cv I≠p-sh-®p. Unkw-_¿ 24˛mw XnøXn ]m¿e-sa‚ v ÿm\m¿∞nsb ]Jym-]n-°m≥ _m-^JnXßƒ tImgn-t°mSveoKv lukn¬ ]X-k-tΩ-f\w hnfn-®p-Iq-´n. ]X-°mcpw ]pd-Øp-X-Sn®p IqSnb s]mXp-P-\-ßfpw A£-a-cmbn sNhn Iq¿∏n®v \n¬°p-tºmƒ _m-^JnXßfpsS Np≠p-I-fn-eqsS B ÿm\m¿∞n-bp-sSt]cv ]pd-Øp-h∂p ˛ "kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImb'

at©cn temIv-k`m ko‰n¬ a’-cn-°m≥ hnZym-`ymk a¥nkn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZv tImbsb _m-^JnXßƒ ]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Ckvam-bn¬ kmln-_ns‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ kn.-F-®v. apl-ΩZvtImb-bpsS ]h¿Ø\ tIµw AJn-te¥ym Xe-Øn¬ Db¿Øm\pwAXp-hgn kn.-F-®ns\ AJn-te¥ym t\Xm-hm-°m\pw _m- JnXßƒDt±-in-®n-cp-∂p. AXns‚ apt∂m-Sn-bmbn kn.-F-®ns\ ]m¿e-sa‚n¬FØn-°pI F∂-XmWv _m-^JnXßfpsS πm≥. Xm≥ apkvenw



237

eoKns‚ AJn-te¥ym ]kn-U-≠m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ DØ-tc-¥y≥kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ IqsS sN√m≥ kn.-F-®v. IqSn D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂XvX\n-°m-izm-k-]-Z-am-Ip-sa∂pw At±lw hniz-kn-®p. B Imcy-ßƒs°√mw kn.-F-®ns‚ ]m¿e-sa‚ v AwKXzw klm-b-I-c-am-bn-Øo-cp-sa-∂mWv _m-^JnXßfpsS IW-°p-Iq-´¬.

]m¿´n Xocp-am\w inc- m-h-ln-®p-sIm≠v c≠p Znh-k-Øn-\-Iw-˛-Un-kw-_¿ 26˛mw XnøXn ˛ at©cn temIv-k`m D]-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ a’-cn-°m≥ kn.-F-®v. t\man-t\-j≥ ]XnI ka¿∏n-®p. CXn-\n-S-bn¬ Nne kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ßƒ D≠m-bn.

]iv\ k¶o¿Æ-amb tIc-f -Ønse A®p-X-ta-t\m≥Kh¨sa‚ns‚ i‡n tkmX- p-I-fn-sem-∂m-bn-cp-∂ kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImbsb a¥n-k- -bn¬ \n∂v ]n≥h-en-®m¬ AXv Kh¨sa‚ns‚sI´p-d-∏ns\ _m[n°pw F∂v c-W-ap-∂Wn t\Xm-°ƒ b-s∏- p. kn.-F-®ns\ a¥n-k- -bn¬ \n∂v ]n≥h-en-°-cp-sX∂v aJy-a¥n kn. A®p-X-ta-t\m\pw, t__n-tPm¨, sI. Icp-Wm-I-c≥ apX-emb kJy I£nt\Xm-°fpw _m-^JnXßtfmSv A`y¿∞n-®p. ]e ]apJ ]X-ßfpwapJ-]-kw-K-ßfneqsS Cu A`y¿∞\ _m-^JnXßfpsS apºn¬sh®p. amXr-`qan FgpXn:˛

""`cW ap∂-Wn-bnse ]Iz-a-Xn-bmb Hcp tIm -Hm¿Un-t\-‰dmWvapl-ΩZv tImb. GXv hnja L´-Ønepw ap∂-Wn-°-IØv hn≈epwA`n-]mb kwL-´-\hpw C√m-Xn-cn-°m≥ At±lw _≤-s∏´v ian-®n-´p-≠v. tIc-f-Øn¬ Ct∏m-gp≈ am¿Ivkn-tÃ-Xc ap∂-Wn-bpsS in¬]n-I-fn-sem-cm-fm-W-t±-lw. a¥n-k-`-bn¬ \n∂p≈ At±-l-Øn‚ cmPna¥n-k-`°pw ap∂-Wn°pw AX kzmK-Xm¿l-am-hm-\n-S-bn-√. BsIIqSn Hcp Imcyw hy‡-am-Wv. eoKns‚ Xm¬]-cy-Øn\p th≠n a¥ntImb cmPn-sh-®m¬ AXv Xo¿®-bmbpw ap∂-Wn-s°mcp _p≤n-ap-´p-≠m-°m-Xn-cn-°n-√. ap∂-Wn-bnse LS-I-I-£n-Iƒs°√mw t_m[y-ap≈ hkvXp-X-bm-Wn-Xv. at©cn \ntbm-PI afi-e-Øn¬ as‰m-cmsfÿm\m¿∞n-bmbn \n¿Øn-bm¬ sIm≈m-sa∂v Nne LS-I-I£nt\Xm-°-∑m¿ eoKv t\Xr-Xz-tØm-Sv A\u-]-Nm-cn-I-ambn A`y¿∞n-®n-´p-≈-Xmbn Adn-bp-∂p. (am-Xr-`qan 14˛12˛72)

CXn\p ]pdsa apkvenw eoKns‚ ]e t\Xm-°-∑mcpw ]h¿Ø-I-∑mcpw _m-^JnXßsf sN∂p-I≠v kn.-F-®ns\ a¥n-k-`-bn¬\n∂v ]n≥h-en-®m-ep-≠m-Ip∂ cmjvSo-b-amb _p≤n-ap- p-I-sf-]‰n At±-lsØ Adn-bn-®p. _m-^JnXßfpsS ]n≥Km-an-bmbn h∂ ]mW-°mSv ]n.-Fw.-F-kv.-F. ]qt°m-b-X-ßfpw _m-^JnXßsfI≠v kn.-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

238239

F-®ns\ ]n≥h-en-°-cp-sX∂v A`y¿∞n-®p.CXm-Zy-ambn _m-^JnXßfpsS Hcp Xocp-am\w ]m¿´n-°p-

≈n¬ t\cnb tXmXn-ep≈ Hcp hnhm-Z-Øn\v Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p F¶nepw At±lw Xocp-am\w am‰n-bn-√. At∏mgpw At±-l-Øns‚ A¥-cw-K-amsI Bfn-°-Øp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p kwL¿j-Øns‚A·n-Pzm-e-Iƒ. B a\-kw-L¿j-hp-ambn 1973 P\p-hcn 1˛mw XnøXn_m-^JnXßƒ Xs‚ 22˛asØ l÷v I¿Ωw \n¿∆-ln-°m≥ hnip-≤-a-°-bn-te°v bmX-bm-bn.

1930 apX¬ XpS-ßn-b-XmWv _m-^JnXßfpsS l÷v bmX-Iƒ. CØ-hW l÷n\v ]pd-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ At±-l-Øns‚ Btcm-Kym-hÿ Xosc tami-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp amkw apºv t\cn-b -tXm-Xn¬lrtZmKw D≠m-bn. AXv t\mºp-Im-e-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. Bip-]-Xnbn¬InS-°-W-sa∂v tUmIvS¿ kn.-sI. cma-N-µ≥ ]d-™-t∏mƒ t\mºvIgn-™n´v InS-°m-sa-∂m-bn-cp-∂p Xß-fpsS adp-]-Sn. B Dd® \ne-]m-Sn-s\-Xnsc tUmIvS¿°v as‰m∂pw ]d-bm≥ tXm∂n-bn-√. sImbn-em-≠n-bnse hk-Xn-bn¬ InS-∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ NnIn’ \S-Øn. ]n∂oSvtUmIvS¿ cma-N-µs‚ \n¿_-‘-]-Imcw t\mºn\v tijw A©v Znh-k-tØmfw "\n¿Ωe' Bip-]-Xn-bn¬ ]co-£-Wm¿∞w InS-Øn.kµ¿iI ]hmlw `b∂v Bscbpw Adn-bn-®-Xp-an-√.

CXv Ign™v Hcp amk-Øn-\-I-amWv ho≠pw l÷n\v t]mI-W-sa∂v At±lw tUmIvS-tdmSv Bh-iy-s∏-´-Xv. ]n.-]n. l ≥ tImb,Imen-°‰v \gvknwKv tlmanse tUmIvS¿ apl-ΩZv tImb F∂n-hcpwAt±-lsØ bmX-sN-øp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v hne-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. At±lwAXn-s\m∂pw hg-ßm-sX-bm-b-t∏mƒ Ah¿ aq∂v t]cpw (]n.-]n.l ≥tIm-b, tUmIvS¿am-cmb kn.-sI. cma-N-µ≥, apl-ΩZv tImb)IqSn t_mws_-bnse ]kn≤ Im¿Un-tbm-f-Pn-Ãmb dkvXwh°o-ens‚ ASpØp sIm≠p-t]m-Im-sa∂pw At±-l-Øns‚ A`n-]m-b-]-Imcw sNøm-sa∂pw IqSn ]d-™p. kzX-kn-≤-amb ]p©n-cn-tbmsSXßƒ adp-]Sn ]d-™p. ""\nßƒ°v Ft∂m-Sp≈ kvt\lw Rm≥Adn-bp-∂p. \nß-fpsS IqsS t_mws_°v Rm\pw hcmw. ]s£,Cu ls÷m∂v Ign -t™m-s´.'' ]ns∂ H∂pw ]d -bm≥tUmIvS¿am¿°v Ign-™n-√. tUmIvS¿ kn.-sI. cma-N-µ≥ B cwKwHm¿°p∂p:˛

""Cu ka-bØv At±lw Ft∂mSv ]d-™-Xv. "Fs‚ `mcwapgp-h≥ Hmtcm-cp-Øsc G¬∏n-°-Ww. F\n°v hni-an-°m≥ ka-b-ambn' F∂mWv. hcm≥t]m-Ip∂ Hcp henb AXym-ln-X-Øns‚ kqN-



239

\-bmWv Cu ]kvXm-h-\-sb∂v At∏mƒ F\n°v tXm∂n-bn-√. t]mIp-∂-Xns‚ Xte∂v Rm≥ At±-lsØ sImgn-em-≠n-bn¬ sh®mWvI≠-Xv. F\n°v Ct∏mƒ H∂p-an-√. AXp-sIm≠v cma-N-µ≥ Fs∂]‰n t]Sn-t°≠ CXm-bn-cp∂p Ah-km-\-ambn Ft∂mSv ]d-™-Xv.''sI.-]n. tIi-h-ta-t\m≥ Hm¿°p-∂Xv Cßn-s\-bm-Wv. ""a°-bn-te°vt]mIp-∂-Xn\v aq∂v Znhkw apºv ]n.-]n. l ≥ tImb \¬Inb Hcpk¬°m-c-Øn¬ sh®mWv Ah-km-\-ambn Rm≥ At±-lsØ I≠-Xv. A∂v ]q¿Æ Btcm-Ky-tØmsS I≠n-cp∂ At±-l-tØmSv aS-ßn-h-∂-Xn\v tijw ImWmw F∂v ]d-™p-sIm-≠m-Wv Rßƒ XΩn¬]ncn-™-Xv.''

_m-^JnXßfpw A°m-eØv apkvenw eoKns‚ ]apJt\Xm-hmb kn.-sI.-]n. sNdnb aΩp-t°-bnbpw IqSn P\p-hcn A©mwXnøXnbmWv a°-bn-se-Øp-∂-Xv. l÷n\v \mev Znhkw apºv kuZnAtd-_ybnse c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bmb ss^k¬ cmPmhv hnin-jvSm-Xn-Yn-Iƒ°v \¬Inb hncp∂v k¬°m-c-Øn¬ _m- JnXßƒ ]s¶-Sp-Øp.apkvenw eoKns‚ ]g-b-Ime t\Xmhpw hnhn[ cmPy-ß-fn¬ ]mIn-ÿms‚ Aºm-k-U-dp-am-bn-cp∂ A_vZp- -Øm¿t v kmln_pw CØ-hW l÷n\v FØn-bn-cp-∂p. tk´v kmln-_ns‚ ]n≥Km-an-bm-bn-´m-Wt√m _m-^JnXßƒ ae-_m¿ Pn√ apkvenw eoKns‚ ]kn-U-≠m-b-Xv. AhcpsS ]p\:kam-Kaw A\p-`qXnZmb-I-amb \nan-j-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. dm_n-Ø-Øp¬ Be-ap¬ Ckveman AYhm apkvenw thƒUveoKns‚ £W-]-Imcw C¥y≥ bqWn-b≥ apkvenw eoKns‚ P\-d¬ skI-´dn C_mlnw kpsse-am≥ tk´v kmln_pw l÷n-\mbna°Øp h∂n-cp-∂p.

Nµn-I-bpsS teJ-I\pw ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\p-amb Fw. Ben-°p™n kmln_pw CØ-hW l÷n\v FØn-bXv _m -^JnXßfpsS A¥y-\n-an-j-ß-sf-]-‰n-bp≈ B[n-Im-cn-I-amb hnhcwe`n-°m≥ hf-sc-tbsd klm-b-I-c-am-bn.

Pn±-bn¬ sh®v C¥y≥ l÷v sUen-tK-j≥ sNb¿am-\mbtIµ-a¥n Jpssd-jn°v C¥ym≥ Aw_m-kn-U¿ \¬Inb Hcp kzoI-c-W-Ønepw _m-^JnXßƒ ]s¶-Sp-Øp. Cu ka-b-sØ√mwXßƒ°v sNdnb Akp-J-ß-sfm-s°-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apl-ΩZv _°q¿lmPn-bpsS ss_Øp¬ ^mkn¬ F∂ ho´n-emWv At±lw Xma-kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.

P\p-hcn 12˛mw XnøXn sh≈n-bmgvN ld-an¬ Ppap-A°v hcp-tºmƒ Xßƒ Hcp hSnbpw IpØn-∏n-Sn-®p-sIm≠v Fw. Ben Ip™n-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

240241

bpsS klm-b-tØm-sS-bmWv \S-∂p-h-∂-Xv. _m- JnXßfpsS k¥Xkl-Nm-cn-bmb Ben-°p-™n- km-ln_v Fgp-Xnb kpZo¿L-amb hnh-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂v Nne `mK-ß-fnXm:˛

""Ad-^-bn¬ \n¿∆-ln-t°-≠p∂ I¿Ω-ß-sf√mw ]q¿Øn-bm-°nb tijw apkvX-en-^-bn¬ cmXn ]IpXn Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc Xma-kn-°p-Ibpw kp∂Øv \a-kvI-cn-°p-Ibpw AhnsS \n∂v I√v s]dp°nan\m-bn-se-ØpIbpw sNbvXp. AhnsS apX-∆^v A_vZp-d-ln-am≥Zqans‚ Iymºn-emWv A-t±lw (_m-^JnXßƒ) Xma-kn-®-Xv.

Hcp Xqhme DSp-°p-Ibpw as‰m∂v ]pX-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠mWv acw tIm®p∂ XWp-∏n¬ Ad-^-bnepw aZo-\-bn¬ BZysØZnh-khpw Ign-®p-Iq-t´-≠-Xv. Ah-i-\m-bn´pw _m-^JnXßƒ°vAsXm∂pw Hcp ]Xn-_-‘-ambn tXm∂n-bn-√. It√-dn\v At±lw ]pd-s∏-´p. CShpw he-hp-ambn aΩp-t°-bnbpw I√-´-dbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.Rm≥ _°¿ Pam-ens‚ Iymºn-em-bn-cp-∂p. B^n-°-°m¿, A^vKm-\n-Iƒ, Xp¿°n-Iƒ, _Zp-hn-Iƒ F∂n-h-cpsS Xnc-°n-eqsS Is√-dn-tb-≠p∂ ÿe-sØØn At±lw Is√-dnt™ aq∂v Znh-khpw aS-ßn-bp-≈q. It√-dn\v t]mb ]bm-k-ßƒ aΩp-t°-bnbpw I√-´-dbpw hnh-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xßƒ ]p©ncn XqIn-s°m≠v "aΩp-t°bn H‰°v aS-tß≠n hcp∂ e£-W-amWv ImWp-∂Xv' F∂v ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.Rß-sfms° AsXmcp Xam-i-bm-bnt´ Icp-Xn-bp-≈q.

""16˛mw XnøXn a°-sØ-Ønb _m-^JnXßƒ 17˛mw XnøXnkp_vln°v ld-an-te°v t]mbn. Xl-÷pZpw kp_-lnbpw Ahn-sS-\n∂v \a-kvI-cn-®p. Xs‚ ]Xnhv ]Im-c-ap≈ Hudm-Zp-Iƒ Ign™tijw IAv_ Xzhm^v sNøp-hm≥ At±lw apXn¿∂p. aq∂v h´wXzhm^v \S-Ønb tijw XpS-cm≥ P\-Øn-c°v aqew At±-l-Øn\vIgn-™n-√. I√-´d A_vZp¬ JmZ¿ lmPn-bpsS klm-b-tØmsSAt±lw Xmak ÿeØv Xncn-s®-Øn. A∂v fpl¿ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\vtijw ld-an-te°v t]mIm\pw Xßƒ°v Bh-Xp-≠m-bn-√. Ak-dn\pwaKvcn-_n\pw Cim°pw At±lw ld-an-se-Øn. \a-kvImc I¿Ω-ßƒ\n¿∆-ln-®p. aSßn Xmak ÿe-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Imen\v Iptd \ocp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

""18˛mw XnøXn kp_vln°v apºmbn Xßƒ Fgp-t∂‰v Xl-÷pZv \a-kvI-cn-®p. Xßƒ B kabw h√msX ]c-h-i-\m-bn-cp-∂p.\S-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn√ ]s£ ld-an-te°v At±-l-Øn\v t]mI-Ww.F¥mWv hgn? aΩp-t°-bn-bp-sSbpw a‰pw kΩ¿≤-Øn\v hgßnkp_vln Ahn-sS-\n∂v Xs∂ \a-kvI-cn-®p. a‰p-≈-hsc ld-an-te°v



241

Ab-®p.""tIbnbpw I√- -dbpw ld-an¬ \n∂v aS-ßn-h-∂-t∏mƒ Xßƒ

]pX®v InS-°p-∂p. "D≈n¬ \n∂v Hcp InSn-ew. D≈n¬ Hcp ioX-ap-≠v. ]\n-bpt≠m Fs∂mcp kwibw' F∂n-ßs\ ]d-™p. AXp-tI´ DSs\ Fw.-sI.-kn. A_p-lmPn Ãuhn¬ I™n ]mNIwsNbvXp. B I™n IpSn®v Ign-™-t∏m-gmWv Rm≥ AhnsS FØn-b-Xv. Ft∂mSv ]e h¿Ø-am-\-ßfpw ]d-™p. AXn-\n-S°v Fs‚"ae-_m¿ Iem]w' F∂ ]pkvX-IsØ ]‰n-tNm-Zn-®p. el-f-°m-eØv]Nm-c-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Hcp ]mńse GXm\pw hcn-Iƒ ]mSn. Fs‚IqsS Xnt°m-Sn-°m-c≥ A_vZp√ lmPnbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Abm-fpsSXmak kuI-cysØ ]‰n At\z-jn-®p. Rms\m-∂p-d-ßs´ F∂v ]d-™-p At±lw Dd-ßm≥ InS-∂p. Rm\pambp-≠mb Ah-km-\sØkwkm-cam-bn-cp∂p AXv. "Dd°w 11 aWn°v sRń. hnd-bepw ]\nbpwi‡n-bmbn D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B ka-b-ØmWv aΩp-t°bn tUmIvSsdhnfn-°m≥ Fs‚ ASp-°¬ Bsf Ab-®-Xv. C¥y≥ saUn-°¬anj-\nse tUmIvS¿ A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ h∂p. ]\n 103 UnKn D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. c‡-k-Ω¿±w Xmtgm-´m-bn-cp-∂p. tUmIvS¿ \n¿t±-in® acp∂vhcp-Øn-s°m-SpØ tijw ]\n t\m¿Ω-em-bn. £oW-Øn-s\m-cm-izmkw D≠m-bn. hpfp FSpØp fplpdpw Akdpw \a-kvI-cn-®p. \n∂p-X-s∂-bmWv Cu c≠v \a-kvIm-c-ßfpw \S-Øn-b-Xv.

""Iptd Ign-™-t∏mƒ C_mlnw kpsse-am≥ tk´phpwkØm¿ tk´phpw h∂p. Ah-cp-ambn Iptd-t\cw kwkm-cn-®p.

""Xßƒ Xma-k-ÿØv sh®p-Xs∂ aKvcn_v \a-kvI-cn-®phni-an®p. ho≠pw ]\nbpw hnd-bepw XpSßn At∏m-tg°v tUmIvS¿A_vZp-dn-am≥ C¥y≥ saUn-°¬ anj-\nse No^v ^nkn-jy-\mbtUmIvS¿ Jms\bpw Iqń apdn-bn-se-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Nne¿ acp-∂p-Iƒ sImSpØp. AtXm-Sp-IqSn Dd-ßn. ]Ø-c-a-Wn°v ho≠pwDW¿∂p. hpfp FSp-°-W-sa∂v ]d-™p. ]cm-ibw IqSmsX hpfpFSp-°p-hm≥ km[y-am-bn-√. \n∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Cim \a-kvImcw\n¿∆-ln-®p. Pohn-X-Øn-sem-cn-°epw \a-kvImcw If-bmØ At±-l-Øn-s‚ Ah-km\ \a-kvIm-c-am-bn-cp∂p AsX∂p B¿°pw Nn¥n-°m-\m-bn-√.

\a-kvIm-cm-\-¥cw Dd-ßm≥ InS-∂p. ]¥-≠c aWn°v Dd°wsRń. tIbnsb hnfn-°m≥ ]d-™p. AtXmsS B apdn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ I√-´-dbpw Ip™m-aphpw DW¿∂p.""F\n°v thZ\ kln-°m≥ BIp-∂n-√. Rm≥ CXn¬ c£-s∏-Sp-I-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

242243

bn√'' F∂ Xß-fpsS Zo\ tcmZ-\-amWv tIbn°pw a‰pw ihn-t°≠nh∂-Xv. "tUmIvSsd hnfn-∏n-°t´' F∂v tNmZn®t∏mƒ "\nß-fpsSCjvSw-t]mse Hs° sNøn≥' F∂mWv adp-]Sn ]d-™-Xv. Cu kwkm-chpw a‰pw tI´-t∏mƒ ASpØ apdn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ apX-∆-^v, kønZvkzmenlv apkm-hbpw At±-l-Øns‚ amt\-P¿ Ip\-ßm-S≥ A_vZp-dn -l-am\pw DW¿∂v Xßƒ InS-°p∂ apdn -bn -se-Øn. Ah¿tUmIvSsd hnfn-°m≥ HmSn. AXn-\n-S-bn¬ At±lw aqXn®p. Nmb-Ip-Sn-®p.

""]Xn-\©v an\n-‰n-\Iw tUmIvS-¿am-cmb A_vZp-d-ln-am\pwssiJv tImb Xßfpw HmSn-sb-Øn. Ah¿ sSw]-td-®dpw c‡-k-Ω¿±hpw ]cn-tim-[n-®p. B ka-bØv sSw]-td-®dpw c‡-k-Ω¿±hpwFX-bp-s≠∂v Xßƒ At\z-jn-®p. Ah¿ Hcp acp∂v IpØn-sh®p.A¬]-t\-c-tØ°v Bizmkw I≠p. Xs∂ H∂v he-tØm´v Ncn®vInS-Øp-hm≥ Xßƒ Bh-iy-s∏´p. he-tØm´v Ncn®v InS-Øn. ]ns∂ASp-Øp-≈-h¿ tI´Xv ""emC-eml C√m-√mlp'' F∂ Ien-aØpXuloZv Xßƒ D®-cn-°p-∂Xm-Wv. AtXmsS At±lw A¥y-izmkwhen-®p....' kpc-`n-e-amb Hcp Ime-L-´-Øns‚ AkvX-a-b-amWv kw`hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

\nan-j-ßƒ°Iw _m-^JnXßfpsS \ncym-W-hm¿Ø cmPy-Øns‚ \m\m-`m-K-ß-fn-ep-sa-Øn. \mSpw \K-chpw timI-aq-I-ambn.

hnip-≤-a-°-bn¬ _m-^JnXßfpsS arX-tZlw InS-°p∂"ss_Xpev ^mkn-en¬' A¥n-tam-]-Nm-c-ß-f¿∏n-°m≥ At\-Im-bn-c-ßƒ A¿≤-cm-Xn-ap-X¬ FØn-Øp-S-ßn. kp_vln-tbm-S-Sp-∏n®vkØm¿tk´v kmln_v FØn. As∂mcp sh≈n-bm-gvN-bm-bn-cp-∂p.Ppap-A°v c≠v aWn-°q¿ apºmbn arX-tZlw Ipfn-∏n-°m-s\-Sp-Øp.]n.-sI. DΩ¿Jm≥, sI.-sI. A_q-_-°¿ apkven-bm¿, Sn.-hn. kq∏n-lm-Pn, sskX-ehn Xßƒ, kønZv Aao≥ F∂n-h¿ tN¿∂v aXm-Nmc]Imcw aønØv Ipfn-∏n-®p. I^≥ sNbvXp. AXn\v tijw aønØvI´n-en¬ sh®p. AXn-\p-tase Xan-gv\m-´nse apkvenwIƒ sIm≠p-h∂ ]®-∏-XmI ]pX-∏n-®p. aønØv ld-an-te°v sIm≠p-t]mbnAhnsS sh®v apJy Cam-ans‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ P\mk \a-kvImcw\n¿∆-ln-®p. AXn\p tijw P∂-Øp¬ apl√ F∂ ivaim-\-Øn¬]hm-NI ]Xv\n-bmb JZoPm _ohn-bpsS J_-dn-\-Sp-Ømbn ]hm-NI IpSpw -_-Øns‚ \o≠ irwJ-e -bnse IÆn-bmb _m-^JnXßfpsS arX-tZ-lhpw J_-d-S-°n.

htbm hr≤-\mb kØm¿ tk v kmln-_v, Zp:Jw ISn-®-a¿Øn-



243

s°m≠v kqtcym-Zbw apX¬ J_-d-S°¬ Xocp∂Xp-hsc Xs‚ BflanX-Øns‚ tNX-\-b‰ ico-c-tØm-sSm-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

J_-d-S-°¬ I¿Ω-Øn\v tijw a°-bn¬ ]Xn-hn-√mØ hn[wAhn-S-Øs∂ Hc-\p-tim-N\ tbmKw tN¿∂p. C_mlnw kpsse-am≥tk´p, sI.-sI. A_q-_-°¿ apkven-bm¿, ]n.-hn. kq∏n-lmPn F∂n-h¿ ]kw-Kn-®p. _m-^JnXßfpsS \ncymW hm¿Ø Adn-™-t∏mƒtIcf Kh¿W¿ hn. hnizm-\m-Y≥ ]d™p:-- ˛

tIc-f-Ønse P\-ß-fpsS ]ptcm-K-Xn-°p-th≠n Dgn-™p-sh®Hcp t\Xm-hmWv _m-^JnXßfpsS \ncymWw aqew \ap°v \jvS-s∏-ń- p-≈-Xv.

At±-l-Øns‚ s]s´-∂p≈ \ncymW hm¿Ø Fs∂ sRń-∏n-®p. _m-^JnXßƒ Fs‚ AXyp-Øa kplr-Øp-°-fn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp-∂p. \ΩpsS kwÿm-\sØ P\-ß-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn-\p-th≠n Dgn-™p-sh-®-Xm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ PohnXw. Hcp cmjvSob t\Xm-sh∂ \ne°v tIc-f-Øn¬ Z-am-sbmcp Kh¨sa‚ v ÿm]n-°p-hm\pw\ne\n¿Øp-hm\pw Xßƒ Xs‚ HmP pw Ignhpw hn\n-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Øns‚ s]mXp Pohn-X-Øn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ A`mhw hfscIme-tØ°v A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-I-Xs∂ sNøpw.

Kh¿W¿ ]d-™Xv A£cw ]Xn icn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. _m-^JnXßfpsS A`mhw Ct∏mgpw A\p- -h-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ acWw Ign™v c≠v h¿jw XnI-bp-∂-Xn\v apºv At±lwDuń-bp-d-∏n® apkvenw eoKv kwL-S\ c≠mbn ]nf¿∂-t∏mgpw ]n∂oSv\S∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ _m-^JnXßƒ ]Sp-Øp-b¿Ønb sFIy-P-\m-[n-]Xy ap∂Wn ]kn-k-‘n-I-fn¬ De-™-t∏mgpw tIcfw Hm¿Øp-

t]mbn ""_m-^JnXßƒ D≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬.''


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

244

A\p-_‘w H∂v

am-XrIm-tbm-Ky-\m-b k-ap-Zm-b-t\-Xmhv (H. am-ap-t°m-b, t_mws_)

s]m-Xp-]-h¿-Ø-\w A-gn-a-Xn-bp-sS th-Zn-bm-bn-Øo¿-∂ Cu Im-eL-´-Øn¬ ]-tc-X\m-b _m^-Jn X-ßƒ Xo¿-®-bm-bpw H-cp am-Xr-Im-]p-cp-j≥ B-bn-cp-∂p. A-t±l-sØ Ip-dn-®p-≈ kv-ac-W Cu X-e-ap-d-bn-se tI-c-fo-b-cp-sS kv-a-c-W-bn¬ \n-s∂m-cn-°epw am™p-t]m-Ip-∂-X√. H-cp ]n-©p ss]-X-en-s\-t]m-se \n-jv-I-f-¶-am-b H-cp lr-Z-bw B-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-l-Øn-t‚Xv. A-t±-lw cm-„o-b I-f-cn-bn¬ C-d-ßp-∂-Xn-\p ap-ºv k-Xy-hm-\m-b H-cp I-®-h-S-°m-c≥ F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ "A-cn-°m-c≥ X-ß-ƒ' F-∂ t]-cn¬ tIm-gn-t°m-´v F√m hoSp-I-fn-epw A-dn-b-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. B ]p-Wy-\m-aw i-hn-°m-Ø kv-Xo-I-ƒ- t]mepw tIm-gn-t°m-s´ ap-kvvenw Kr-l-ß-fn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. Rm-\pw A-t±-l-hp-am-bn 1930 ap-X¬ ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw h-f-sc A-Sp-Øp-s]-cp-am-dp-I-bpw B _-‘w A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ kz¿Km-tcml-Ww h-sc \n-e- \n¬-°p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. 1930-˛¬ Rm≥ H-cp tIm¨-Kv A-\p-`m-hn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. 1930˛se kzm-X¥y k-a-c-Øn¬ Rm-≥ Xp-Wn-jm∏p-I-ƒ ]n°-‰p sN-øp-Ibpw kzm-X-¥y-k-ac-sØ A\p-Iq-en®v sIm≠v A¬ A-ao≥ ]-X-Øn¬ te-J-\-ß-ƒ F-gp-Xp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xn-cp∂p. 1937˛¬ tIm-gn-t°m-s´ ap-kvv-enw-]-[m\n-I-sf £-Wn-®p sIm≠v ]-tc-X\mb sI.-Fw. Im-Xn-cn-t°m-b lm-Pn ln-am-b-Øp¬ C-kvv-emw k- m-lm-fn¬ ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv I-Ω-‰n ÿm-]n-t°≠ B-h-iy-Øn-te-°v hn-fn-®p-Iq´n-b k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-s‚ ap-∂-Wn-bn¬ _m^-Jn X-ß-ƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ B tbm-K-Øn¬ kw-_-‘n-®n-cp∂p. 1937˛em-Wv tIm-gn-t°mSv Su¨ ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv I-Ω-‰n cq-]o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. B-Zy-sØ I-Ω-‰n-bn¬ _m -Jn X-ß-ƒ J-Pm≥-Pnbpw Im-Xn-cn-tIm-b-lm-Pn ]-kn-U≠pw A-Uz°‰v Fw.-hn.ssl-tZm-kv km-ln-_v P-\-d¬ sk-I- -dn-bpw Cu-bp-≈-h≥ tPm-bv‚ v sk-I-´-dn-bpw B-bn-cp-∂p. H-cp sIm√w Xn-I-bp-∂-Xn-\p ap-ºv X-s∂ Im-Xn-cn-t°m-b lm-Pn cm-Pn-sh-°p-Ibpw X¬-ÿm-\-Øv sF-Iy-IWvtT-\ _m- -Jn-X-ß-ƒ Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sN-bvXp. ssl-tZm-kv km-ln-_v tImS-Xn kw-_-‘am-b tPm-en Xn-c°p-I-fn¬ B-hr-X-\m-bn-cp∂-Xv sIm≠v _m- -Jn-X-ß-fp-sS D-]-tZ-ihpw \n¿-t±-i-hpw A-\p-k-cn-®v Su¨ I-Ωn-‰n-bp-sS ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-ƒ \S-Øn h-∂n-cp-∂-Xv Rm≥ B-bn-cp∂p. hm-kv-X-h-Øn¬ F-s∂ eo-Kv ]-h¿-Ø-I≥ B-°n am-‰n-b-Xv



245

Rm\pw X-ß-fpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ _-‘w B-bn-cp-∂p F-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-Xn¬ sX-‰n√. 1942˛¬ Rm≥ F√m s]m-Xp-]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fn¬ \n-∂v ]n-∑m-dp-I-bp≠m-sb-¶nepw X-ß-fp-am-bp-≈ _-‘w A-sX \n-e-bn¬ Xp-S-cp-I-bm-Wp≠m-bXv. A-°m-eL-´-Øn¬ ]-tc-X\m-b X-ß-ƒ kw-_-‘n-°m-Ø H-scm-‰ eo-Kv h¿-°nw-Kv I-Ω-‰ntbm s]m-Xp-tbm-K-ß-tfm \-S-∂n-cp-∂n√ F-∂v F-\n-°v J-fi-\`-b-as\y ]-d-bp-hm≥ I-gn-bpw. 1939˛¬ c≠mw tem-I a-lm-bp-≤w B-cw-`n-®t∏m-ƒ A∂-sØ _n-ó-jv `-c-Wm-[n-Imcn-I-ƒ Ahsc k-lm-bn-°p-hm-\m-bn \m-sS-ßpw bp-≤°Ω‰n-I-ƒ cq-]o-I-cn-®p. bp-≤-°Ωn-‰n-bn¬ ap-kvv-enw-I-ƒ kw-_-‘n-°p-Itbm k-l-I-cn-°p-Itbm sN-ø-cp-Xv F-∂v B-ƒ C-¥y eo-Kv ]-Jym-]n-°p-I-bpw A-X-\p-k-cp-®v Io-gv-L-S-I-ß-sf D-]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. F-∂m¬ A∂-sØ Pn√m -eo-Kv ]-kn-U‚m-bn-cp-∂ A-d-°¬ B-encm-P t]m-epw bp-≤-°-Ωn-‰n-bn¬ kw-_-‘n-®n-cp-∂-Xm-bn Rm≥ kq-£v-a-am-bn A-dn-bpw. bp-≤-°-Ωn-‰n-bn¬ sa-º-dm-bn F-Sp-Ø hn-h-c-Øn-\p A∂-sØ a-e-_m¿ I-e-Œ-dm-bn-cp-∂ Ku¨-km-bv-]n¬ \n-∂p X-ß-ƒ-°v H-cp I-Øv e-`n-°p-I-bp≠m-bn. DS-s\ X-ß-ƒ Fs∂ A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ h-k-Xn-bn-te-°v £-Wn-°p-I-bpw A- n-]m-bw B-cm-bp-I-bpw D≠m-bn. bp-≤-°-Ω-‰n-bp-am-bn k-l-I-cn-°m≥ ]m-Sn√ F-∂ eo-Kn-s‚ Xo-cp-am-\w h-f-sc hy-‡-am-sW-∂p Rm≥ ]-d-™ DS-s\ X-ß-ƒ A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ se-‰¿ t]-∏¿ F-s‚ t\-sc \o-´p-Ibpw X-s‚ cm-Pn-°-Øv DSs\ Cw-•o-jn¬ F-gp-Xp-hm≥ F-t∂m-Sv B-⁄m-]n-°p-I-bpw Rm≥- F-gp-Xnb B I-Øv sU-enh-dn _p-t°m-Sp Iq-Sn I-e-Œ-dp-sS B-ô-kn-te-°v X-s‚ ¢¿-°v h-iw A-b-°p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp, A-t±-lw \n-e-sIm≠ ]-ÿm-\-Øn¬ A-t±-l-Øn-\p F-X-am-Xw B-flm¿-∞-X D≠m-bn-cp-∂p F-∂-Xn\p Cu H-scm-‰ kw-`hw X-s∂ [m-cm-fw sX-fn-hmWv. 1940˛¬ tIm-gn-t°m-Sv am-\m©nd ssa-Xm-\n-bn¬ A∂-sØ _w-Km-fn-se ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-b ^-k-ep¬ l-Jn-s‚ A-≤y-£-X-bn¬ \-S-∂ -tIm¨-^-d≥-kn-\m-bn cq-]o-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂ kzoI-c-W I-Ω-‰n-bp-sS A-≤y£≥ X-ß-fp-sS k-tlm-Z-co`¿-Ømhm-b ]-tc-X-\m-b Jm≥ _-l-Zq¿ ]n.-Fw. B-‰-t°m-b X-ß-fpw J-Pm≥-Pn _m^-Jn X-ß-fpw B-bn-cp∂p. s]m-∂m-\n Xm-eq-°n¬ \n-∂v kzoI-c-W-°-Ω-‰n-bn-te-°v sa-º¿-am-sc \n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-ń-cp∂-Xv ]-tc-X-∑mcmb ]n.-Fw. ap√-t°m-b X-ßƒ, A-lΩ-Zv s]-cpƒ F-∂n-h-scbpw Fw.-hn. A-“-Zp-Æn-sb-bpw Cu-bp-≈-h-s\-bpw B-bn-cp∂p. R-ßƒ \m-ep t]-cpw R-ß-fp-sS ]-cyS-\w I-gn-™v Xn-cn-®v t\-sc B-‰-t°m-b-X-ß-fp-sS ho- n-te-°v sN-∂-t∏mƒ _m -Jn X-ß-fp-am-bn B-‰-t°m-b X-ßƒ kw-km-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Rß-sf I≠ DS-s\ I-W°pw ]-Whpw _m -Jn X-ßƒ B-hiy-s∏- p. bm-X I-gn-™v Xn-cn-s®-Øn-b D-S-s\ H-cp hn-h-chpw tNm-Zn-°m-sXbpw hn-i-aw X-cm-sXbpw I-W-°n\pw ]-W-Øn-\pw [r-Xn Im-Wn-®-Xv B-‰-t°m-b X-ß-ƒ-°v H-´pw C-„-s∏-ń√. ]-s£ _m^-Jn X-ß-ƒ Bh-s´ ]-W-C-S-]m-Sn¬ h-f-sc Ir-Xy-\n-jvTbp≈ Bƒ B-bn-cp-∂p F-∂-Xn-s‚ sX-fn-hn-\mWv Cu kw-`-hw C-hn-sS D-≤-cn-®Xv. 1934˛¬ B-sW-∂p tXm-∂p-∂p A-∂-sØ sk≥-S¬ A-kw-ªn-bn-te-°v tIm¨-KÊv ÿm-\m¿-∞n-bm-bn ]-tc-X\m-b ap-l-Ω-Zv A-–p-d-ln-am≥ km-ln_pw kz-X-¥-\m-bn lm-Pn A-–p-k-Øm¿ C-kv-lm-Jv tk´phpw X-Ωn¬ h-f-sc hm-in-tbdn-b Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v \-S-°p-I-bp≠mbn. ta∏-Sn Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ k-Øm¿-tk-´p-


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

246

km-ln-_n-s‚ hn-P-b-Øn-\p-th≠n A-tßb-‰w h-sc ]-cn-i-an-® H-cp hy-‡n-bm-Wv _m^-Jn X-ß-ƒ F-∂p am-X-a√, X-ß-fp-sS ]-cn-i-aw sIm≠m-Wv sIm-bn-em≠n-bnepw ]-cn-k-c-ß-fn-epw D-≈ thm-´p-I-fn¬ 90% thm-´p-I-ƒ tk-´p-hn-\p In-ń-b-Xv. Cu-bp-≈-h\pw _n.-hn. A-hp-≈-tIm-b lm-Pn-bpw B Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tk-´p km-ln-_n-s‚ ]-h¿-Ø-I-cpw G-P‚p-am-cpw B-b-Xp-sIm≠v R-ßƒ-°v _m^-Jn X-ß-fp-sS ]-cn-i-a-Øn-s‚ hn-P-bw i-cn-°v K-ln-°p-I-bp≠mbn. ssl-Z-c-_m-Zv I-em-]-Im-e-Øv Rm≥ \m-ń¬ sh-®v Xß-sf I≠-t∏mƒ X-ßƒ eo-Kn¬-\n∂pw cm-Pn-sh-°p-∂X-t√ \√-Xv F-∂pw X-ß-sf A-d-Ãv sN-øp-∂ ]-£w I-®h-Sw X-I-cp-bn-t√ F-∂pw tNm-Zn-®-t∏mƒ F-¥v X-s∂ kw-`hn-®m-epw Rm≥ eo-Kn¬-\n∂pw cm-Pn-sh-°p-I-bn√ F-∂pw F-¥v Xym-Kw k-ln-°p-hm\pw k-∂-≤≥ B-bn-´m-Wv Xm≥ \n-e sIm-≈p-∂-sX∂pw Xm≥ A-d-Ãv h-cn-t°≠n-h-∂m¬ I-®-h-S-k-w-_-‘-ambpw Ip-Spw_k-w-_-‘-am-bpw F√m G¿-]m-Sp-Ifpw sN-bv-Xp Xm≥ A-d-Ãv ]-Xo-£n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv F-∂pambn-cp∂p X-ßƒ \¬In-b a-dp]Sn. _m^-Jn Xß-sf t]m-se Hm¿-Ω i-‡n-bp-≈ th-sd H-cm-sf Rm≥ I≠n-ń√. ap-ºv H-cp ]m-h-iyw A-t±-lw l-÷n-\p t]m-bt∏mƒ Rm≥ tIm-b-º-Øq-cn¬ B-bn-cp-∂p. A-Xp-sIm≠v- \m-ń¬ sh-t®m C-hn-sS sh-t®m, A-t±l-sØ Im-Wp-hm≥ km-[n-®n√. A-t±-lw l-÷v I-gn-™v Xn-cn-s®-Øn-b-t∏mƒ A-t±-lw C-hn-sS Xm-a-kn-®n-cp-∂ I√-S A-–p¬-Jm-Z¿ lm-Pn km-ln-_n-s‚ ho-ń¬ sN-∂p, Rm≥ A-t±l-sØ I≠-t∏mƒ A-hn-sS kp-am¿ 25 t]¿ D≠m-bn-cp∂p. Xm≥ l-÷n-\p ]p-d-s∏-´-t∏mƒ tIm-gn-t°m-´p sh-®pw C-hn-sS sh-®pw Rm≥ ]-Xn-hn-\p hn-]-co-X-am-bn A-t±l-sØ I≠n-ń√ F-∂v F-s‚ t\-sc t\m-°n ]-d-bp-Ibpw Xs‚ Hm¿-Ω-i-‡n F-ß-s\ F-∂p A-hn-sS Iq-Sn-b-h-tcm-Sv tNm-Zn-°p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. e-£-°-W-°m-b B-fp-I-fp-am-bn ]-cn-N-b-ap-≈ Xßƒ Cu-bp-≈-h≥ X-ßsf ImWm-™Xv Hm¿-Ω-sh-°p-I F∂-Xv h-f-sc B-›-cy-am-bn F-\n-°p tXm∂n. C-hn-sS X-ßƒ F-t∏mƒ h-∂mepw X-ßƒ F-s∂ A-t\z-jn-°m-dpw Rm≥ Xß-sf Im-Wm-dp-ap≠v. \m-ń¬ sh-®v F-t∏mƒ I≠m-epw C-\n F-t∏mƒ Im-W-p-sa-∂v hm-KvZ-Øw sN-øn-°m-sX H-scm-‰ ]m-h-iy-hpw A-t±-lw F-s∂ H-gn-hm-°n-bn-cp-∂n√. Cu \-iz-c-tem-I-tØm-Sp-≈ X-ß-fp-sS th¿-]m-Sn¬ A-h-km-\n-® H-Sp-hne-sØ l-÷n-\m-bn ]p-d-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-s‚ X-te Znh-kw X-t∂m-sSm-∏w ]m-X¬ I-gn-°-W-sa-∂v A-t±-lw F-s∂ \n¿-_-‘n-°p-I-bpw Rm≥ A-Xv kzo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sN-øp-I-bp≠mbn. C-Xbpw kvt\-l k-º-∂-\pw Hm-tcm-hy-‡n-sb-bpw i-cn-°v a-\kn-em-°p-hm≥ I-gn-hp-≈hcpamb H-cmƒ F-s‚ A-dn-hn¬ th-sd-bn√. hn-\-b`m-h-Øn¬ A√m-sX A-t±-lw H-cn-°epw kw-km-cn-°¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. tI-c-f `c-W-Øn-s‚ Np-°m≥-Im-c-\m-bn B a-\p-jy≥ D-b¿-∂-t∏mgpw hn-\-bw A-t±-lw ssI-hn-ń-cp-∂n√. ]-S-®-h≥ A-t±-l-Øn-\p B-Jn-d-Øn¬ Kp-Ww sN-ø-s´. B-ao≥.



247

A\p-_‘w c≠v

a¿lqw _m- -Jn Xßƒ Rm≥ I≠ ]-K-¤\m-b t\-XmhvH sI ap-lΩ-Zv Ip-™n I-Æq¿

F-s‚ s]m-Xp Po-hn-Xw B-cw-`n-°p-∂-Xv 1920˛se \nÊ-lI-c-W ]-ÿm-\w Xp-S-ßn-b-t∏mƒ kv-Iqƒ ]T-\w \n-dp-Øn sh-fn-bn¬ h∂-Xv ap-X-emWv. Cu Im-e-L- -Øn-\n-S-bn¬ H- -t\-Iw sN-dpXpw h-ep-Xpam-b t\-Xm-°-∑m-sc Im-Wp-Ibpw A-h-cn¬ ]-e-cp-am-bn C-S-]-g-Ip-Ibpw a-‰p Nne-cp-sS ]n-∂m-se H-ń-t®-cp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xv sIm≠v cm-„-Øn\pw k-ap-Zm-b-Øn\pw ]-ehn-[ tk-h-\-ßfpw A-\p-„n-°p-I-bp-ap≠m-bn. B t\-Xm-°-fn¬ Np-cp-°w t]¿ ip-≤-K-Xn-°mcpw k-Xy-k-‘-cp-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ a-‰p Nn-e¿- kzm¿-∞n-Ifpw s]m-ß®-sØ am-Xw em-°m-°n ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-bn-´m-Wv A-\p-`-h-s∏-ń-´p-≈Xv. F-∂m¬ F-s‚ Zo¿-L Ime-sØ cm-„o-b ]-h¿-Ø-\ ]-cn-N-b-Øn¬ \n-∂p F-\n-°p a-\Ên-em-°p-hm≥ km-[n-® H-tc-sbm-cp ]-K-¤\m-b t\-Xm-hv a¿lqw _m^-Jn X-ßƒ am-X-am-Ip-∂p. Rm-\m-Zy-am-bn _m^-Jn Xß-sf ]-cn-N-b-s∏´-Xv hS-I-c sdbn¬-th tÃ-j-\n¬ sh-®m-bn-cp∂p. cm-„o-b-am-bn H-cp a-’-c cw-K-ØmWv Cu ]-cn-N-b-Øn-\n-S-bm-bXv. a-e-_m-dn¬ 1936˛¬ \-S-∂ a-Zm-kv A-kw-ªn sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ Bƒ C¥ym apkvenw eo-Kn-\v c≠v ÿm-\m¿-∞n-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp∂p. X-e-t»-cn dq-d¬ \n-tbm-P-I a-fi-e-Øn¬ P. F. sI Jm-Z¿ Ip-ń km-ln_pw tIm-gn-t°m-Sv dp-d¬ \n-tbm-P-I a-fi-e-Øn¬ a¿lpw t]m-°¿ km-ln-_p-am-bn-cp-∂p B c≠v ÿm-\m¿-∞nIƒ. ]kvXp-X c≠v ÿm-\m¿-∞n-I-sfbpw c≠v kz-X-¥≥-am-cm-Wv F-Xn¿-Øn-cp-∂-Xv. Jm-Z¿ Ip-ń km-ln-_n-s\ A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ _-‘phpw Iq-Snbm-b H-cp h-°o¬ F-Xn¿-Ø-t∏mƒ t]m-°¿ km-ln-_n-s\ F-Xn¿Ø-Xv Jm≥ _-lm-Zq¿ B-‰-t°m-b X-ßƒ B-bn-cp∂p. B-‰-t°m-b Xß-sf Ip-dn-®v ]-d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ A-t±-lw B `mK-sØ In-co-Sw sh-°m-Ø cm-Pm-hm-bn-cp∂p. _m^-Jn X-ß-fp-sS A-fn-b\pw ]p-Xn-bm-∏n-fbpw Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p B-‰-t°m-b Xßƒ. sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s‚ tI-µ-amI-s´ X-e-t»-cnbpw tIm-gn-t°m-Sp-am-bn-cp∂p. X-e-t»-cn tIµw k-Øm¿ tk-´p-hp-s‚ "Xp-f-kn-Zm-kv' _w-•m-hn-em-bn-cp∂p. t]m-°¿ km-ln-_n-s‚ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v Np-°m≥ ]n-Sn-®n-cp∂-Xv G-sd-°p-sd a¿lpw P-Ãn-kv Ip-™-lΩ-Zv Ip-ń km-ln-_m-bn-cp∂p. B-‰-t°m-b X-ß-fp-sS i-‡n-tIµw h-S-I-c-bm-bn-cp∂p. A-hn-sS G-Xm\pw tbm-K-ßƒ kw-L-Sn-∏n-°m≥ F-s∂bpw ]-tc-X\m-b H. am-ln km-ln-_n-s\bpw B-bn-cp-∂p `c-ta¬-∏n-®n-cp-∂Xv. R-ß-f-hn-sS F-Øn-b-t∏mƒ


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

248

]-h¿-Ø-\ cw-Kw G-‰-hp-a-[n-Iw A]-I-Sambm-Wv I≠Xv. tbm-K-ßƒ-°v t\mókv \-S-Øp-∂Xpw ]-c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw R-ßƒ Ccph-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p. H-cp ÿe-Øv R-ßƒ ]kwKn°p-tºmƒ Iq-°n-hn-fnbpw ]q-gn-a-Æp-sIm≠p-≈ Gdpw k-ln-t°≠n h-∂n-cp∂p. Cu Imcy-ßƒsIm≠v H∂pw kw-k-mcn-°m≥ Xs∂ km-[n-®n√. Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v ]-N-c-W-amI-s´ hy‡nI-fp-sS Kp-W-ßƒ F-Æn-∏-dbp-I F-∂-Xmbn. \-ap-°m-sW-¶n¬ Pn-∂m km-ln-_n-s‚ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ-°v s]m-cp-Xp-I-sb-∂p-≈-XmWv, A-Xph-gn R-ß-fp-sS ÿm-\m¿-∞nI-sf hnPbn∏n-°p-Ibpw.Aß-s\ h-S-I-c-bn-se tImeml-e-ßƒI-gn-™v X-e-t»-cn-°p F-ß-s\-sb-¶nepw c-£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ sd-bn¬-sh tÃ-j-\n¬ h∂p. A-t∏m-gm-Wv Rm-\m-Zy-am-bn _m^-Jn Xß-sf Im-Wp-∂Xv. A-∂v X-ßƒ B-tcbpw lTm-Zm-I¿-jn-°p-∂ bp-h-tI-k-cn-bm-bn-cp∂p. \√ a-\p-jy≥ F-∂ Im-gv-N-∏m-Sn¬ F-s‚ £-a \-„-s∏-´ R-m≥ X-ß-fp-sS ssI-]n-Sn-®v Npw-_n®p. R-ß-fmI-s´ X-ß-fp-sS FXncn¬ apkvenw eo-Kv ]-N-c-W-Øn-\v h-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. F-Xn¿ I-£n-Iƒ Rß-sf i√y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂ hnh-cw ]-d-™-t∏mƒ X-ßƒ ]d-™ adp-]Sn, F-¥p-sIm≠v Cu hnh-cw \n-ßƒ F-s∂ A-dn-bn®ns√∂mWv. \n-ßƒ-°v ]N-c-Ww \-S-Øm-\p-≈ F√m kzm-X-¥yhpw C-hn-sS D-s≠∂pw B-sc Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-W-sa-∂p≈-Xv thm-´¿am¿ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v Znh-kw tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa∂pw kv-a-cy-]p-cp-j≥ ]-d-bp-I-bp≠mbn. A-∂p apX-te A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ kv-t\-lw Xp-fp-ºp-∂ t\m-´hpw ]-Xn-]-£ _-lp-am-\hpw I≠-t∏mƒ F-\n-°p≠m-b ]-Xn-Ic-Ww `m-hn-bn¬ A-t±-l-Øn-\v e-£-°-W-°n-\v A-\p-bm-bnI-sf \-bn-°p-hm-\p-≈ I-cp-Øp≠m-Ip-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p. A-Xp-t]m-se kw-`hn-°p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. ]-kvXp-X Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ Jm-Z¿-Ip-ń km-ln-_v P-bn-°p-Ibpw t]m-°¿ km-ln-_v ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw _m^-Jn X-ßƒ k-lm-bn-® B-‰-t°m-b X-ßƒ P-bn-°p-I-bp-am-Wp≠m-b-Xv.

C-Zw-]-Y-a-am-bn 1936 ¬ I-Æq-cn¬ apkvenw eo-Kv D-S-se-Sp-Øp. 1937 ¬ X-e-t»-cn-bn¬ tN¿-∂ apkvenw eo-Kv tbm-K-Øn¬ a-e-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eo-Kv cq-]w sIm≠p. H´pw Xm-a-kn-bm-sX ]-K-¤\m-b t\-Xm-hv _m -Jn X-ßƒ apkvenw eo-Kn¬ tN¿∂p. X-s‚ k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚bpw \m-Sn-s‚bpw t£-aw apkvenw eo-Km-sW-∂v Im-Wp-Ibpw A-Xp-t]m-se F√m apkvenwI-sfbpw eo-Kn¬ kw-L-Sn-∏n-®v \n¿-Øp-hm≥ A-tlm-cm-Xw A-t±-lw ]-cn-i-an-°p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. A-∂p-sXm-´v A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ Xo-h-b-Xv\w, k-Xyam-b hn-Nm-c-KXn, ]m-h-\am-b B-flm-`n-am\w, \n-jv-I-f-¶am-b tZ-im-`n-am\w, \n-kzm¿-∞am-b k-ap-Zm-bm-`n-am-\w F∂n-h apkvenw eo-Km-Ip-∂ c-ay-l¿-Ω-Øn¬ I-Øn-Pz-en-°m≥ Xp-Sßn. B ]-Im-i-t[mc-Wn apkvenwI-fp-sS am¿-K-Z¿-i-IXzw Iq-Sn-b-mbn-cp∂p. H-cp Ime-Øv apkvenw eo-Kn-t\m-Sv s]m-cp-Xn P-bn-® Jm≥-_-lm-Zq¿ B-‰-t°m-b Xß-sf apkvenw eo-Kn-te°pw eo-Kv A-kw-ªn ]m¿-ń-bn-te°pw tN-cp-hm-\p-≈ ]-tNm-Z-\-hpw t]-c-Wbpw \¬-Inb-Xv _m^-Jn X-ß-f√m-sX a-‰m-cp-am-bn-cp-∂n√. sI- -S-ßp-hm≥ ]-bm-k-am-bn-cp-∂ tIm-gn-t°m-s´ I-£n-a’-cw A-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ X-ßƒ X-s∂-bm-Wv ap≥ssI F-Sp-ØXv. X-e-t»-cn-bn¬ h-∂v k-Øm¿ tk- p km-ln_v, ko-Xn km-ln-_v F-∂nh-sc Iq- n I-Æq-sc-Øp-Ibpw a-e-_m¿ Pn√m apkvenw eo-Kv ]-kn-U‚m-bn-cp-∂ a¿lqw B-Zn cm-P A-–p-d-ln-am≥ B-en cm-Pm km-ln-_n-s\ k-ao-]n-°p-Ibpw t]mwh-gn B-cm-bp-Ibpw sN-bvXp. tIm-gn-t°m-



249

Sv apkvenwI-fn¬ s]- F√m-h-cp-sSbpw H-cp k-tΩf-\w hn-fn-°-W-sa∂pw A-Xn¬ cm-Pm-km-ln-_v B-≤y-£w h-ln-°-W-sa∂pw _m^-Jn X-ßƒ B-h-iy-s∏´p. cm-Pm kmln-_v XSÊw ]-d-™-t∏mƒ _m^-Jn X-ßƒ ]-d-™ a-dp]-Sn C-]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. No-™p-\mdn-b H-cp a -Ip-Sw tIm-gn-t°m-Sv ]- -W-Øn-ep≠v. A-Xn-s\ X-®p-S-°p-hm≥ apkvenw eo-Km-Ip-∂ Cu a-lm i-‡n-°v am-X-ta km-[n-°p-I-bp-≈q-sh-∂m-bn-cp∂p. cm-Pm km-ln-_v X-ß-fp-sS A-`y¿-∞-\ kzo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw 1939˛¬ tIm-gn-t°m-Sv I-S-∏pd-Øv H-cp eo-Kv k-tΩf-\w \-S-Øp-I-bp-ap≠mbn. Jm≥ _-lm-Zq¿ B-‰-t°m-b Xßƒ, Jm≥ _-lm-Zq-¿ A-en _-dman, a-lm\m-b bqk-^v k-°¿ F-∂nh-sc H-tc tÃ-Pn¬ A-Wn-\n-c-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. 1940˛¬ Jm≥ _-lm-Zq¿ B-‰-t°m-b X-ßƒ kzoI-c-W kw-Lw A-≤y-£\pw _w-Kmƒ ap-Jy-a¥n ^-k-ep¬ l-Jv tbm-Km-≤y-£-\p-am-bn \-S-∂ a-e-_m¿ Pn√m ap-…nw eo-Kn-s‚ k-tΩ-f-\hpw F-Sp-Øv ]-d-b-Ø-°-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. sX-°v \n∂pw hS-°p \n∂pw c≠v kv-s]-jy¬ sS-bn-\p-Iƒ B k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-\v th≠n G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXpw kv-a-c-Wo-b-am-Wv. ]n-∂o-Sp-≈ Im-e-ß-fn¬ apkvenw eo-Kn-s‚bpw apkvenwI-fp-sSbpw eu-In-Ihpw ssZ-ho-I-hpam-b F-√m a-fi-e-ß-fn-epw Cu t\-Xm-hn-s‚ Im¬- ]m-Sp-Iƒ ]-Xn-bm-sX t]m-bn-ń√. apkvenwI-fp-sS A-`n-hr-≤n-°v \n-Zm-\am-b F√m kw-cw-`ß-fnepw A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ \n-kzm¿-∞am-b tk-h-\hpw Xym-Khpw \n¿-t√m-`w _-en-I-gn-®n-´p≠v. kz-¥w Xm¬-]-cy-Øn-\p kw-L-S\-sb A-t±-lw H-cn-°epw D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂n√. A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ k-ln-jvWp-X Im-c-W-am-Wv ko-Xn km-ln-_n-s\m-∏w A-en-™v tN-cp-hm\pw sI.Fw au-e-hn-bp-sS Iq-sS H-Øn-W-ßn t]m-Ip-hm \pw km-[y-am-bXv. hnim-e ho-£-W-am-Wn-Xn-\v Im-c-Ww. 1940˛\p ti-jw apkvenw eo-Kn-s‚ ssh-kv ]-knU‚ v F-∂ D-Ø-c-hm-ZnXzw X-ßƒ \n-e \n¿-Øn t]m∂p. ]-tcX-\v apkvenw eo-Kn-s‚ ]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn¬ AXo-h Xm¬-]-cy-am-Wp≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv. apkvenw eo-Kn-s‚ B-cw-`w sXm-´v _m^-Jn X-ßƒ F-t∂m-Sv ko-am-Xo-Xam-b kv-t\-l-_-‘w ]p-e¿Øn. X-ßƒ A-≤y-£ ÿm-\-Øp-≈ tbmK-Øn¬ Rm-\p≠m-I-W-sa-∂v A-t±-l-Øn-\v \n¿-_-‘-am-bn-cp∂p. I-Æq¿, X-fn-∏-dºv, tlm-kv-Zp¿-Kv Dƒ-s∏-´ ]-g-b Nn-d-°¬ Xm-eq-°n¬ 1943˛¬ Su¨ h-f≠n-b¿-am-cm¬ A-\p-K-X-cm-bn ]Øv Zn-hk-sØ H-cp ]N-c-W Pm-Y (Im¬-\-S Pm-Y) \-S-Øn-bn-cp∂p. Rm\pw k-l-]-h¿-Ø-I-∑mcpw Xr-°-cn-∏q-cn¬ \n-∂m-cw-`n-® Pm-Y C-cn-°q¿ h-gn h-en-b-∂q¿ am¿-Kw I-Æq¿ kn-‰n-bn¬ k-am-]n®p. A-°me-Øv C-X-c cm-„o-b kw-L-S-\Iƒ CØ-cw ]N-c-W Pm-Y-Iƒ \-SØp-I hn-c-f-am-bn-cp∂p. Pm-Y k-am-]n-®-t∏mƒ kva-cy ]p-cpj-s‚ H-sc-gp-Øp-am-bn H-cmƒ F-s∂ k-ao]n®p. hS-I-c XpS-ßn sIm-bn-em≠n h-sc H-cp ]N-c-W Pm-Y \-bn-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv X-ßƒ B-h-iy-s∏-ń-cp-∂Xv. am-X-a√ B Pm-Y X-\n-°p t\-cn¬ Im-W-W-sa∂pw sIm-bn-em≠n-bn-ep-≈ hn-iaw, `£-Ww F∂n-h X-s‚ ho-ń¬ sh-®m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw X-ßƒ B F-gp-Øn¬ ]-tXy-Iw ]-d-™n-cp∂p. Aß-s\ Rm-\-Xn-\v h-g-ßp-Ibpw Pm-Y \-bn-°p-I-bp-ap≠m-bn. hm-Zy-tLm-j-ßfpw Xm-∏m-\-I-fp-am-bm-Wv _m^-Jn X-ßfpw k-l-]-h¿-Ø-I-∑mcpw Rß-sf F-Xn-tc-‰Xv. X-ßƒ A-∂p F-s∂ sI-ń-∏n-Sn-®v Npw-_n-® cw-Kw C-sX-gp-Xp-tºmgpw Rm-t\m¿-Øv t]m-hp-I-bm-Wv. iXp-°-tfmSv t]mepw Z-b-bmWv Xß-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw D≠m-I-m-\n-S-bp≈ kwL¿jm-h-ÿ-Iƒ C√mbva sNøp-hm≥ B t\Xmhv Ahn-iaw ]cn-i-an-®n-cp-∂p. IÆq¿ Pn√-bn¬s]´ Imk¿tKmUv


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

250

Xmeq-°nse Iº-f-˛-aw-K-e-∏mSn F∂ ÿeØp hmZy-tLm-j-ßƒ ]≈n-bpsS apºn-¬IqSn IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-® Hcp hg-°p≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp Znhkw A¿≤-cmXn F\n°v Hcp t^m¨ ktµ-iw-, -kw-km-cn-°p-∂Xp _m -Jn X-ßfmIp-∂p. ]kvXpX ÿeØv D¤-hn® hg°v F¥v hn-e-sIm-SpØpw tIhew C√m-Xm-°-Ww. AhnsS h√Xpw \S-∂m¬ Zqc-hym-]-I-amb ]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ D≠m-Ipw. bmsXm∂pw C√msX Ign-°p-hm≥ \nß-fpsS F√m Ignhpw D]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn B ]tZiw im¥-am-°n-Xo¿°-Ww. ASn-b-¥n-c-ambn Atßm´p t]mhpI! F∂m-bn-cp∂p. Aßs\ Rm\pw Pn√m ]kn-U≠pw kw`h ÿeØv cm∏-I¬ C√msX Atlm-cmXw ]cn-i-an-®p. X¬^-e-ambn AhnsS \√ Imem-hÿ D≠m-hp-Ibpw lnµp-°fpw apkvenw-Ifpw GtIm-Z-c-k-tlm-Z-c-∑m-sc-t∏mse kl-h¿ØnXzw t\Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A∂sØ Un.-sF.-Pn. tKm]m-e-\pw- Pn√m Ie-IvS¿ A®yp-X-ta-t\m\pw "amXr-`qan' apX-emb ]X-ßfpw Rßsf ˛ IÆq¿ Pn√m apkvenw eoKns\ ap‡-IWvTw A`n-\-µn®p km£y-]Xw \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. AsX√mw ]K-¤-\mb _m^-Jn X-ßfpsS t\Xr-Xz- -\n¿t±-i-ß-fpsS ]cn-WnX ê-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p.

1963 Unkw-_¿ aq∂n\p Kpcp-X-c-amb Hcp Hm-∏-td-j\p Rm≥ hnt[-b-\m-b-t∏mƒ Fs‚ i_vZ-\mfw \o°w sNtø≠ L´w h∂p. G‰hpw henb ikvX-In-b°p Rm≥ k∂-≤-am-b-t∏mƒ kwK-Xn-Iƒ [cn-∏n-°p-hm- \mbn tImgn-t°m-s´Øn Xßsf I≠p hnh-c-ßƒ ]d-™p. Fs‚ i_vZw C√m-Xm-Ip-hm≥ t]mIp-∂p-sh-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ A©v \nan-j-t\cw Fs‚ ssI ]n-Sn®p Ie-ßnb IÆp-I-fp-ambn Fs∂ Xpdn-®p-t\m°n ]K-¤-\mb t\Xmhv tNmZn-°p-I-bm-Wv, Rm≥ \nßƒ°v Fs¥-√m-amWv sNtø≠Xv F∂v. A√mlp Xr]vXn-s∏´ Hcp \√ Ckvem-ambn Ah-\n-¶-te°v Xncn-®p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ F\n°v d∫v XuôJv sNøp-hm≥ Xßƒ ]tXyIw ]m¿∞n-°Ww F∂p ]d-bp-I-bp≠m-bn. DSs\ Xß-f-h¿I-fpsS IÆp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw [mcmfw Aip-°ƒ Fs‚ c≠p ssII-fnepw aSn-Ø-ńepw D‰n-ho-Wp. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Rm≥ ]cn-`-a-Nn-Ø- \mbn kvXw`n®p \n∂p-t]m-bn. DSs\ Xßƒ Hcp ]pXnb ss[cyw P∑-sa-Sp-ØXv t]mse Ft∂mSv ]d-™p. “H.-sI. t]mhpI Xma-kn-°-cp-Xv. tUmIvS¿am-cpsS D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-°pI \nßsf d∫v A\p-K-ln-°s´.’’ Rm≥ aZm-kn-se-Øn. AhnsS I≠Xp Fs‚ _‘p-an-Xm-Zn-I-fmbn sÃbn‰v apkvenw eoKv Imjy¿ Fw.-sI. lmPn kmsl_pw At±-l-Øns‚ _‘p-an-Xm-Zn-Ifpw IqSn \n¬°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p. F\n°v Bh-iy-ap-≈-sX√mw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. "NµnI’bn¬ _m^-Jn X-ßfpsS A`y¿∞\ ]tXyIw sImSp-Øn-cp-∂p. “tIc-f-Øn¬ apkvenw-eoKv ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-∂-Xn¬ KW-\o-b-amb ]¶vhln® t\Xm-°-fn¬ Hcm-fmb H.-sI.-bpsS tcmK-i-a-\-Øn\pw Zo¿Lm-bpkn\pw ]m¿∞n-°pI!’’ F∂m-bn-cp-∂p.

Xs‚ kl-]-h¿Ø-I-∑m-sc--bpw A\p-bm-bn-I-tfbpw Bflm¿∞-ambn kvt\ln-°p-Ibpw Ahsc \njvI-f-¶-ambn am\n-°p-I-bpw Ah-cpsS Ip‰-ßfpw Ipd-hp-Ifpw £an-°p-I-bpw Ahsc hf¿Øn FSp-°p-hm≥ ]tNm-Z\w \¬Ip-Ibpw a‰pw B al-\ob t\Xm-hns‚ KpW-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. A√mlp At±-l-Øns‚ ]c-tem-I-Po-hnXw ]Im-i-am\-am-°p-Ibpw aKv n-dØv \¬Ip-Ibpw sNø-s´. B-ao≥.



251

A\p_-‘w aq-∂v

]-c-∏-\-ßm-Sn k¿-k-øn-Zv \-K-dn¬ 16˛4˛1955 ¬ \-S-∂ a-e-_m¿ Pn√m ap-kvvenw eoKv k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ kzo-I-c-W- kw-Lm-≤y£≥ k-ønZv A-–p-d-ln-am≥ _m^-Jn X-ß-fp-sS kzm-K-X-]-kwKw

I-cp-Wm-\n-[nbpw Z-bm-ephpw B-b A√m-lp-hn-s‚ Xn-cp-\m-a-Øn¬,

_-lp-am-\ycm-b k-tlm-Z-c-∑m-sc kp-lr-Øp-°sf,

a-e-_m-dn-se H-cp ][m-\ am-∏n-f-tI-µam-b Cu ]-´-W-Øn¬ sh®p tN-cp-∂ ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s‚ hm¿jn-I k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-te-°v \n-ß-sf-sb√mw kzm-K-Xw-sN-øm≥ F-\n-°v H-cn-°¬-Iq-Sn ssIh-∂ Cu k-µ¿-`w H-cp a-lm `m-Ky-am-bn Rm≥ I-cp-Xp-∂p. 1941˛em-Wv Pn√m ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s‚ A-Xn-]-[m-\am-b H-cp k-tΩ-f\w, A-hn- -‡-_-¶m-fn-s‚ A∂-sØ ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ P:F.sI. ^-k-epƒ-l-Jn-s‚ A-≤y-£-X-bn¬ tIm-gn-t°m-´p-sh-®p tN¿-∂-Xv. ]ns‰-sIm√w a-l-aq-Zm-_m-Zv cm-P-bp-sS A-≤y-£-X-bn¬ ]m-e-°m- p-sh-®p a-s‰m-cp k-tΩ-f-\-hpw tN-cp-I-bp≠mbn. ]-›n-a-Xo-c-Øn-se F√m ÿ-e-ß-fn¬-\n∂pw A-Sp-Ø Pn√-I-f-n¬ \n∂pw tÃ-‰p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw ]-c-k-lkw P-\-ßƒ ]-kvXp-X c≠p k-tΩ-f-\-ß-fnepw kw-_-‘n-®n-cp∂p.

I-gn™ sIm√w G-]n¬ 10 Dw 11 Dw Xn-ø-Xn-I-fn¬ tIm-gn-t°m-Sp-sh-®p C-¥y≥ bq-\n-b≥ ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv ]-knU≠v Fw. ap-lΩ-Zv C-kv-am-Cu¬ km-ln_n (Fw.]n) s‚ a-l-\o-bm-≤y-£-X-bn¬ Pn√m-eo-Kv k-tΩf-\w tN-cp-I-bp≠m-bn. hn- -P-\m-\¥-cw C-¥y-bn¬ tN¿-∂ G-‰-hpw h-º-n-® eo-Kp-k-tΩ-f-\-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. \-Ωp-sS Pn√-bn¬-\n-∂pw, X-anƒ-\mSv, B‘, Xncp-sIm®n, sX-°≥-I¿-ÆmS-Iw F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬- \n∂pw hn-Zq-c-ÿam-b D-Ø-c-]-tZ-in¬ \n-∂p-t]mepw B-bn-c-°-W°m-b ap-kvv-enw-Iƒ B k-tΩ-≈-\-Øn¬ kw-_-‘n-°p-Ibpw ap-kvvenw k-ap-Zm-b-tØbpw C-∂m- n-t\bpw _m-[n-°p-∂ A-Xn-]-[m-\am-b ]-e ]-iv-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p ]-cym-tem-Nn-°p-Ibpw sN-bvXp.

C-kvv-em-an-s‚ B-cw-`L-´w ap-X¬-°pXs∂ Cu Pn√-bp-sS cm-„o-b-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ am-∏n-f-am¿ A-Xn-]-[m-\am-sbm-cp L-S-I-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xpw, ]p-cm-X\ ssl-µ-h-cm-Pm-°-∑m-cpw, ln-µp-°fpw A-h-cp-sS t\-sc Z-b-tbmSpw Zm-£n-Wy-tØmSpw Iq-Sn s]-cp-am-dn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xpw, am-∏n-f-am¿ A-h-cp-am-bn b-Ym¿-∞amb ssa-Xn-bnepw kv-t\-l-Øn-ep-am-Wv I-gn-™p-Iq-Sn-bn-cp-∂-sX-∂Xpw H-cp N-cn-X k-Xy-amWv.

C-cp k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn-tebpw Nn-e hy-‡n-Iƒ X-Ωn¬ A-ßn-ßv A-]q¿-∆w Nn-e


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

252

k-µ¿-`-ß-fn¬ Nn-e A-\n-„ kw-`-h-ß-fp≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw C-hnS-sØ ap-kvv-enw-Ifpw ln-µp-°fpw k-am-[m-\-tØmSpw ku-lm¿-±-tØmSpw Iq-Sn-bm-Wv Po-hn®p- t]m-∂n-´p-≈Xv. C-°m-cy-Øn¬ a-e-_m¿, C-¥y-bn-se a-‰p `m-K-ßƒ-s°m-cp am-Xr-I-bm-Wv. C-∂m-ń-se ln-µp-°fpw ap-kvv-enw-Ifpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ km-ap-Zmbn-I ku-lm-¿-±w \n-e-\n¿-Øp-I-bpw ]p-e¿-Øn-s°m≠p h-cn-Ibpw sN-øp-∂-Xn-\p- X-s∂-bm-Wv C-t∂m-fhpw ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv ]-cn-i-an®p-t]m-∂-Xv. ln-µp-ap-kvv-enw-ssaXn ap-kvenw-eo-Kn-s‚ e-£y-ßfn-sem-∂mWv. Cu Pn√-bn-se cm-„o-b kz-bw-tk-h-I-kw-L-Øn-s‚˛B¿.FÊv.FÊv. Im-cp-sS ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Cu A-h-k-c-Øn¬ ]-cm-a¿-in-°m≥ \n¿-_-‘n-X-\m-b-Xn¬ F-\n-°v th-Z-\-bp≠v. Zu¿- m-Ky-sa-∂p ]-d-bs´, Cu kw-L-S-\-bn-se Aw-K-ßƒ ap-kvv-enw-Iƒ-s°-Xn-cm-bn I-Sp-Ø hn-tZz-jw ]-I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw ]-h¿-Øn-°p-Ibpw ap-kvv-enw-I-fp-am-bpw a-‰p A-ln-µp-°-fp-ambpw km-bp-[-kw-L-´-\-Øn-∂p A-h-cp-sS ]-cn-io-e-\-tI-µ-ß-fn¬-sh-®p ]-cn-ioe-\w \¬-Ip-I-bpw, ]-im-¥am-b Cu Pn√-bn¬ km-ap-Zmbn-I kw-L¿-jhpw G-‰p-ap-´-ep-Ifpw D≠m-°p-∂-Xn-∂p-th≠n ]-I-S-\-ßfpw ]-tc-Up-Ifpw \-S-Øp-Ibpw sN-øp-∂p. Cu Pn√-bn-se k-am-[m-\hpw im-¥nbpw `-Rv-Pn-°p-hm-\p-≈ `-b-¶-cam-b CØ-cw ò-j-Wn-I-fn-te-°v ln-µp k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-se t\-Xm-°-∑m-c-p-sSbpw K-h -sa‚n-t‚bpw i-≤ ]-e-hp-cp £-Wn-°-s∏-ń-´p≠v. A-\m-im-ky kw-`-h-ßƒ Iq-Sm-sX I-gn-°m≥ A-h¿ th≠ \-S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-sa-∂p Rm≥ ]-Xn-£n-°p∂p.

I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-I-fp-sS Xo-h-]-ÿm-\-amWv Cu Pn√-bn-se k-am-[m-\-Øn∂pw im-¥-X-°p-ap-≈ a-s‰m-cp a-lm-hn-]-Øv. hy-h-ÿm-]n-X `-c-W-Øn-∂p t\-sc P-\-ß-fn¬ A-]o-Xnbpw A-Xr-]v-Xnbpw h-f¿-Øn-s°m≠p h-cp-∂-Xn-∂pw Po-hn-X-Øn-s‚ F√m Xp-d-I-fnepw kw-L-´-\-ap≠m-°p-∂-Xn-∂pw, km-ºØn-I kv-Xw-`-\-ap≠m-°p-∂-Xn∂pw I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ A-h-cp-sS ]-X-ß-fn-eq-sS-bpw ]-kw-K-ß-fn-eq-tSbpw A-Xn i-‡am-b ]-Nm-cth-e \-S-Øp-I-bm-Wv. k-Xym-K-l-Øn-s‚ t]-cn¬ \nb-aw ew-Ln-°m≥ A-h-cn-t∏mƒ \n-c-]-cm-[cm-b P-\ß-sf t]-cn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv.

I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cp-sS A- n-a-dn- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ X-S-bp-∂-Xn-∂p th≠n ap-kvv-enw-eoKpw A-Xn-s‚ ]-h¿-Ø-Icpw B-flm¿-∞-am-bn ]-cn-i-an-®n- p≠v. I-ayq-Wn-k-Øn-te°pw A-h-cp-sS km-aq-ly hn-cp-≤ ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fn-te°pw am-∏n-f-am-sc h-gn sX-‰n-°p-∂-Xn¬ I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ Z-b-\o-b-am-bn ]-cm-P-b-s∏- n- p-s≠-¶n¬ A-Xn-∂p-≈ Imc-Ww ap-gp-h-\m-bp-a-s√-¶n¬, A-[n-I-]-£-hpw ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s‚ ]n-∂n¬ am-∏n-f-am¿ A-Sn-bp-d-®p-\n-∂p F-∂-Xm-Wv. I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Iƒ°v Cu ]-c-am¿-∞w \-∂m-bn A-dn-bmw. AXp-sIm≠m-Wv ap-kvenw-eo-Kn-s∂-Xn-sc hn-tZz-jw h-f¿-Øp-I-bpw, ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-∂p ap-kvenw-I-fp-sS ta-ep-≈ kzm-[o-\-Øn-∂p Xp-c-¶w sh-°p-hm≥ th≠n sX-‰n-≤m-c-W-bp≠m-°p-∂Xpw hn-tZm-l-]q¿-ham-b ]-Nm-cth-e \-S-Øp-I-bpw ap-kvenw-eo-Kn-s∂-Xn-sc Zpcm-tcm-]-W-ßƒ sI-ń-®-a®p-sIm≠p A-Xn-s\ A-Sn-®-a¿-Øm≥ K-h¨-sa≠n-t\m-Sp A-`y¿-∞n-°p-Ibpw sN-øp-∂Xv. ap-kvenw _-lp-P-\-ß-sfbpw K-h¨-sa≠n-t\-bpw sX-‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°m-\p-≈ ]-cn-i-a-Øn¬ I-ayq-Wn-Ãv-Im¿ Z-b-\o-b-am-bn ]-cm-P-b-s∏-ń-cn-°-bmWv.

\n-b-ahpw k-am-[-\hpw ]m-en-°m-\mWv. ap-kvenw-eo-Kv F-t∏mgpw i-an-®n-´p-≈-Xv. km-ap-Zmbn-I ku-lm¿-±hpw km-ap-Zmbn-I sF-Iyhpw \n-e-\n¿-Øp-I-sb-∂-Xv. ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s‚ ]-Jym-]n-X e-£y-ßfn-sem-∂mWv. F-∂n-cp-∂mepw ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s\ H-cp h¿-§o-b- kw-L-S-\-bm-bn Nn-Xo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw, A-Xn-s\ B-¿.F-kv.Fkv. t]m-se-bp-≈ kw-L-S-\-I-fp-am-bn Iq-ń-t®¿-Øp ]-d-bp-Ibpw sN-øp-∂ H-cp Iq-´w hn-a¿-i-I-∑m¿ Cu \m-ń-ep≠v. C-¥y≥ bq-Wn-b-\n-se ap-kvvenw \yq-\-]-£-Øn-s‚ cm-„o-b-kw-L-S-\-bm-Wv ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv. tIm¨-KÊns\-tbm, AXp-



253

t]m-se h¿-§o-b-a-s√-∂p ]-d-b-s∏-Sp-∂ a-‰p ]m¿-ń-I-tftbm- t]m-se ap-kvv-enw-eoKpw Xn-I-®pw tZ-io-b-hpw ]p-tcm-K-a-\-]-cam-b ho-£-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xpam-b H-cp kw-L-S-\-bmWv. ap-kvv-enw-I-sf- t]m-se Po-hn-X-Øn-t‚bpw a-c-W-Øn-t‚bpw ]-iv-\ß-sf kw-_-‘n-®p H-cp ]-tXy-I kn-≤m-¥-Øn¬ hn-iz-kn-°p-∂ H-cp \y-q\]-£w H-cp cm-„o-b kw-L-S-\-bp≠m-°p-∂-Xn-∂p cm-„-hn-P-Rm-\ob-Øn¬ H-cp -`-„pw I-ev-]n-®n-ń√. AØ-c-sam-cp kw-L-S-\-bn√m-Ø-]-£w B \yq-\-]-£-Øn-s‚ \ym-bam-b A-h-Im-i-ßfpw hnhn-[ A-h-i-X-I-fpw F-ßn-s\-bm-Wv ]-cn-l-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-sb-∂Xp F-\n°p Du-ln-°m≥-t]mepw km-[y-a√. H-cp \yq-\-]-£-Øn-∂p A-Xn-s‚Xm-b H-cp cm-„o-b kw-L-S-\-bn√m-sX H-cp \m-ń¬ am- \yam-b Po-hn-Xw \-bn-°m≥ I-gn-bp-sa-∂p H-cn-°epw ]-Xo-£n-°m≥ h-ø. \-Ωp-sS `-c-WL-S-\ C-∂m-ń-se ]-u-c-∑m¿-°v cm-„-o-b-am-bn kw-L-Sn-°m-\p-≈ A-h-Im-iw \¬-Ip-∂p. C-∂m-ń-se H-cp \yq-\-]-£-sa-∂p Aw-Ko-I-cn-°-s∏-´ ap-kvvenw ]u-c-∑m-cp-sS cm-„o-b- kw-L-S-\-bm-Wv ap-kvvenw eoKv. ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s\ h¿-§ob-sa-∂p hn-fn-°p-∂Xp-sIm≠v A-Xn-s‚ hn-a¿-i-I-∑m¿ D-t±-in-°p-∂Xv, B kwL-S-\ ap-kvvenw k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚-Xm-Wv F-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬ R-ßƒ-°v A-h-tcm-Sv i-WvT-bn√. A-X√ k-¶p-Nn-Xam-b hn-`mKo-b h-o-£-W-tØm-Sp-IqSn-b H-cp tZ-io-b-hn-cp-≤-kw-L-S-\-bm-Wv A-sX-∂m-Wv A-h¿ D-t±-in-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬, A-h-cp-sS B-t£-]w A∏-Sn A-Snÿm-\ c-ln-X-am-sW-∂p Rm≥ i-‡n-]q¿-∆w ]-kv-Xm-hn®p-sIm-≈s´.

1948˛¬ C-¥y≥ bq-\n-b≥ ap-kvenw-eo-Kv ÿm-]n-X-am-b-Xn-\p-ti-jw, C-∂p-htcbpw C-∂m-ń-s‚ kzm-X-¥yw \n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂-Xn-∂pw, cm-Py-Øn-s‚ ]p-tcm-K-Xn°pw th≠n-bm-Wv ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv \n-e-sIm≠-Xv. F√m ò-I-c- i-‡n-Iƒ-°pw, A-h-cp-sS ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ-°p-sa-Xn-cm-bn- m-Wv ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv \n-e-sIm≠-Xv. F√m-bv-t∏mgpw \n-b-a-k-am-[m-\-Øn-s‚ Im-cy-Øn¬ A-Xv k-lm-bn-°p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. Cu kv-t‰-‰n-se ap≥- K-h¿-Æ¿-amcm-b k¿ B¿-®v _mƒUv-ss\-hpw, `-h-\-K¿ a-lm-cm-Pm-hpw, ap≥- ap-Jy-a-¥n-amcm-b io. ]-Im-i-hpw io. cm-P-tKm-]m-e-m Nm-cnbpw F√mw C-°mcyw k-Ω-Xn-®n-´p≠v. ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s‚ t\-sc \n¿-±-b-am-bn s]-cp-am-dp-Ibpw A-Xp ]n-cn-®p-hn-S-W-sa∂p-t]mepw B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sN-øp-∂ Nn-e hy-‡n-Ifpw kw-L-S-\-I-fpw \-Ωp-sS \m-ń-ep≠v.

ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s\ ]n-cn-®p-hn-S-W-sa-∂p ]-d-bp∂-Xv C-¥y≥ bp-Wn-b-\n-se \m-e-c-t°mSn-tbm-fw h-cp-∂ ap-kvvenw \yq-\-]-£-Øn-s\ A-h-cp-sS B-h-iy-ßfpw A-h-i-X-Ifpw D-∂-bn-°p-hm\pw tI-µ K-h¨-sa≠pw tÃ-‰p K-h¨-sa‚p-Ifpw sIm≠p-h-cp-∂ cm-Py-t£-aI-chpw ]p-tcm-K-a-\-]-c-hpam-b ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ-°v X-ß-fp-sS kw-L-Sn-Xam-b ]n¥p-W \¬-Im-\p-ap-≈ A-h-Imi-sØ \n-tj-[n-°-em-bn-cn-°pw. ap-kvenw-Iƒ kw-L-Sn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ D-]-Im-c-]-Zam-b D-t±-iy-ßƒ-°p A-h-cp-sS ]n¥p-W e- n-°p-hm≥ \n¿-∆m-l-an√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cpw. ap-kvenw-Iƒ-°v A-Xv cm-„o-bam-b A-Sn-a-Ø-am-bn-Øo-cp-sa-∂p am-Xa√, a-X-]-chpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-hpam-b A-h-cp-sS hy-‡n-Xzw Iq-Sn Ita-W \-in-°p-∂-Xn-∂p A-Xp C-S-bm-°p-Ibpw sN-øpw.

ap-kvenw-I-fp-sS a-X-]-chpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-hpam-b A-h-Im-i-Xm-ev-]-cy-ß-fp-sS ^-e-]-Zam-b kw-c-£-W-Øn-∂p I-gn-hp-≈ G-I A-[nIr-X cm-„o-b-kwL-S-\ ap-kvenw-eo-Km-Wv. ap-kv-enw-Iƒ-°v C-Xph-sc X-ß-fp-sS hy-‡n-\n-b-a-ßƒ ]n-¥p-S-cp-hm≥ A-h-Im-i-ap≠m-bn-cp-∂ Im-cy-ß-fn¬, C-kveman-I \n-b-a-ßƒ-°p-]I-cw tÃ-‰v ]mÊm°n-b \n-b-a-ßƒ G¿-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p-≈ kw-cw- -ßƒ-s°-Xn-cn¬ ap-kvv-enw-I-fp-sS hy-‡n-\n-b-a-ßƒ kw-c-£n-°p-hm≥ \-S-Øp-∂ ]-cn-i-a-ß-fp-sS


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

254

Im-cy-Øn-em-bm-epw icn, A-t\-Ie-£w A-ap-kvenw-I-fp-sS am-Xr- m-j-bm-bn-cp-∂n´p- t]m-epw, ap-kvenw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I ]-h¿-Ø\-ß-tfm-Sp _-‘-ap-s≠-∂ Im-c-W-Øm-em-bn-cn°-Ww D-dp-Zp-hn-s\ H-cp ]m-tZ-inI- m-j-bm-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-°m≥ Iq- m-°m-Ø Im-cy-Øn-em-bmepw icn, C-¥y≥ bq-\n-b-\n-se ap-kvv-enw-I-fp-sS hn-Im-c-ßfpw A-h-i-X-Ifpw ]-Xn\n-[n-k-`-I-ƒ-°--I-Øpw ]p-d-Øpw ]-I-Sn-∏n®-Xp ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s‚ ]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fm-bn-cp∂p.

ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv A-Xn-s‚ t]cv am-‰p-I-tbm, A-s√-¶n¬ cm-„-o-bw D-t]-£n-°p-I-sb-¶neptam th-W-sa-∂p Nn-e¿-°- n-]m-b-ap-s≠-∂p tXm-∂p-∂p. cm-„o-b-an√m-Ø H-cp kwL-S-\ ap-kvv-enw-I-fp-sS a-X-]-chpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-hpam-b Xm-ev-]-cy-ß-sf-Ø-s∂bpw kw-c-£n-°p-h-m≥ ]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-I-bn√. Im-cWw, \m-ń-se cm-„o-b Po-hn-X-Øn-¬ ÿm-\-an-s√-¶n¬ A-Ø-cw H-cp kw-L-S\-°v K-h¨-sa‚ntem, P-\-ßfntem kzm-[o-\w sN-ep-Øm≥ km-[n-°p-I-bn-√. ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s‚ t]-cp am-‰-W-sa-∂p ]-d-bp∂-Xv A-Xn-s‚ hn-a¿-i-I-∑m-cp-sS \m-h-S-°m-\m-sW-¶n¬ A-Xp ^-e-]-Z-am-Ip-I-b-√. t_mw-s_-bn-se ap-kvenw-eo-Kv ]m¿-ń-bp-sS t]cv t^m-¿Øp -]m¿-ń-sb-∂m-°n-b-tXm-, bp.]n.bn-se ap-kvvenw-eo-Kv ]m¿-ń-bp-sS t]cv P-\-Xm -]m¿-ń-sb-∂m-°nbXpsIm≠p B hn-a¿-i-I-∑m-sc \n-i-–-cm-°p-∂-Xn¬ A-h¿ hn-P-bn-®n-ń-s√-∂p Rm≥ hy-‡-am-°n-s°m-≈s´. A-eo-K-dn¬ cq-]o-I-cn-°-s∏-´ A-Jn-te-¥ym- ap-kvenw P-am-A-Øpw tIm¨-KÊn-s‚ kr-„nbm-b Pw-C-ø-Øp¬ D-e-amsb lnµpw A-h¿ ap-kvv-enw-I-fp-sS A-h-i-X-Iƒ-°p-th≠n i-–-ap-b¿-Øm≥ i-an-°p-tºm-sg°pw h¿-§o-b-kw-L-S-\-I-sf-∂p ap-Z-b-Sn-°-s∏-ń-´p≠v.

kw-L-\-bpsS t]-cp am-‰p-I, cm-„o-bw D-t]-£n-°p-I, ap-kvv-enw-Iƒ-°m-bn ]pXn-b cm-„o-b kw-L-S-\-Iƒ kr-„n°p-I F-∂o hn-Uv-Vn-Ø-ßƒ sN-øm-sX X-ß-fp-sS G-I ]-Xn-\n-[n-kw-L-S-\bm-b ap-kv-enw-eo-Kn-s‚ Io-gn¬ Dd-®p \n¬-°p-∂-Xn-em-Wv C-¥y≥ bq-\n-b-\n-se ap-kvv-enw-I-fp-sS c-£ \n-e-sIm-≈p-∂Xv. X-ß-fp-sS sÃ-bn-‰-p-I-fn¬ ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s‚ ]-h¿Ø-\w ]p-\-cm-cw-`n-°p-hm≥ hn-hn-[- kv-s‰-bn-‰p-I-fn-se ap-kvv-enw-I-tfm-Sv Rm≥ B-flm¿-∞-am-bn A- y¿-∞n-°p∂p. F√m kv-s‰-bn-‰p-I-fn-epw ap-kvv-enw -_-lp-P-\-ßƒ eo-Kn-s‚ ]n-∂n-emWv. A-h-c-p-sS t\-Xm-°-∑m-cp-sS k-t¶m-Nw ˛ Rm-\-Xn-s\ ò-Xn-sb-∂p hn-fn-°s´-tbm˛AXm-Wv A-hn-S-ß-fn¬ eo-Kns‚ ]-h¿Ø-\w ]p-\-cw-`n-°p-∂-Xn¬ Im-e-Xma-kw h-cp-Øp-∂-Xv. \-Ωp-sS kw-L-S\°v Cu \m-ń¬ A-X¿-ln-°p-∂ ÿm-\w ho-s≠-Sp-°m≥ D-jm-dm-bn ]-h¿-Øn-°-W-sa-∂p Rm\-h-tcm-Sp kmZ-cw A-`y¿-∞n®p-sIm-≈p∂p.

a-lm-P-\-ßsf,

Cu Pn√-bn-se P-\-kw-Jy-bn¬ ]-Xn-t\-gp e-£-tØm-f-hpw, A-Xmb-Xv aq∂n-sem-∂n-te-sd-bpw, a-Zn-cm-in- kv-s‰-bn-‰nse ap-kvvenw P-\-kw-Jy-bp-sS ]-IpXn-tbm-f-hpw ap-kvv-enw-Iƒ \n-h-kn-°p-∂ a-e-_m-dn¬ 1937 ap-X¬-°pX-s∂ ap-kvv-eow-eo-Kv k-Po-ham-b H-cp cm-„o-b-kw-L-S-\-bm-bn ]-h¿-Øn-®p-h-cn-I-bm-Wv. Pn√m I-Ωn-‰n-bp-sS Io-gn¬ a-e-_m-dn-se F√m Xm-eq-°p-I-fnepw Xm-eq-°v ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv I-Ω-‰n-Ifpw ^¿-°m- en-Kv I-Ω-‰n-I-fp-ap≠v. C-Xn-∂p-]pd-sa H-´-[n-Iw ]m-Yan-I eo-Kp I-Ω-‰n-I-fp-ap≠v. I-gn™ s]m-Xp-Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-epw ]n-∂o-Sp≠m-b ap≥-kn-∏m¬ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fnepw ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv ]-[m-\hpw \n¿-Æm-b-I-hpam-b H-cp ]-¶m-Wv h-ln-®-Xv. C-°-gn-™ Pn√m t_m¿-Uv Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨-Kkn-t\mSpw I-ayq-Wn-kv-‰p-I-tfmSpw a√n´p-sIm≠p a-e-_m-dn¬ ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv F-´p-ÿm-\-ßƒ I-c-ÿ-am-°n. ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kp-am-bn am-\yam-sbmcp H-Øp-Xo¿-∏n-se-Øp-∂-Xn¬



255

tIm¨-KÊ v ]-cm-P-b-s∏-´-Xp-aq-ew I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿-°p In-´m-hp-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ Iq-Sp-X¬ ko-‰p-Iƒ In-´p-Ibpw a-e-_m¿ Un-kv-Sn-Œv t_m¿-Un-s‚ \n-b-¥-Ww A-h¿-°v e-`n-°p-Ibpw sN-bvX-Xv Zu¿-`m-Ky-I-c-am-bn-t∏m-bn. ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kn-s‚ k-lm-b-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn I-ayq-Wn-kv-‰pI-sf A-h-cp-sS i-‡n-tI-µ-ß-fn¬-Iq-Sn ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠p a-e-_m-dn-se F√m ap≥-kn-∏m-e-‰n-Ifpw A-[n-\-Øn-em-°m≥ tIm¨-KÊn-∂p I-gn-hp≠m-b ap≥-kn-∏m¬ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn-se A-\p-`-h-Øn-s∂-Xn-cm-bn-´m-Wp Cß-s\ kw-`-hn-®Xv.

tIm-gn-t°m- p tN¿-∂ I-gn-™ Pn√m k-tΩ-f\-Øn-∂p-ti-jw Pn√-bn-se ap-kvv-enw-Iƒ eoKn-t\m-Sp h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw A-Sp-∏w Im-Wn-®n- p≠v. F√m Xm-eq-°p-I-fnepw \q-dp-I-W°m-b im-Jm-eo-Kv I-Ωn-‰n-Iƒ ÿm-]n-X-am-bn- p≠v. ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n-ep-≈ ap-kvv-enw-Iƒ ap-kvenw-eo-Kn¬ Aw-K-ß-fm-bn-t®¿-∂n- p≠v. ap-kvv-enwI-sf kw-_-‘n-t®S-tØm-fw Pn√ ap-gp-h≥ eo-Kn-s‚ ]n-Sn-bn-emWv. Cu sIm√hpw \-Ωp-sS k-tΩ-f\m-≤y-£-\m-bn C-¥y≥ bq-\n-b≥ ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv ]-knU≠v Jm-CsZ an√-Øv ap-lΩ-Zv C-kvv-am-bn¬ km-ln_n(Fw.]n)s\ e-`n®-Xv \-Ωp-sS a-lm-`m-Ky-amWv. hn-`-P-\-Øn-∂p-ti-jw C-¥y≥ bq-\n-b-\n-se ap-kvv-enw-Iƒ sh-fn-®w Im-Wm-sX A-‘-Im-c-Øn¬ X-∏n-Ø-S-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ A-t±-l-am-Wv \-ap-°v i-cn-°p-≈ t\-XrXzw \¬-Ip-Ibpw ]-ci-Xw Zp¿-L-Sß-sf F-Xn-cn´p-sIm≠v ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kp kw-L-S-\-bp-sS A-ac-Øv H-cp ]m-d-t]m-se Dd-®p \n-e-sIm-≈p-Ibpw sN-bv-XXv. A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ Xn-I-™ \n-kzm¿-∞-Xbpw ]-X-dm-Ø [o-c-Xbpw A-t£m-`y-X-bpw Zo¿-L-Zr-„n-bpw A-t±-l-hp-am-bn ]-cn-N-b-s∏-´-h-cp-sS-sb√mw kv-t\-l-Øn-∂p ]m-X-am-Ip-hm≥ A-t±-l-Øn-∂p I-gn-hp≠m-°nbn-cp∂p. ap-kvv-enw-eo-Kv kw-L-S-\-bn¬ ap-ºv JmC-sZ AA-kw Pn-∂m-km-ln-_n-∂p≠m-bn-cp∂ B a-lØm-b ]-Z-hn-bm-Wv A-t±-lw C-∂p \ym-b-ambpw A-e-¶-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu- k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-s‚ A-≤y-£-]oTw A-e-¶-cn-°p-hm\pw \-Ωp-sS N¿-®-Iƒ-°v am¿-§-Z¿i-\w \¬-Ip-hm \pw Rm≥ A-t±-l-sØ kmZ-cw £-Wn®p-sIm-≈p-∂p. cm-„o-bhpw kw-L-S-\m-]-c-hpam-b ]-e Im-cy-ßfpw \-ap°v Cu k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬-sh-®p B-tem-Nn-t°≠-Xp≠v. B ]-iv-\-ßƒ A-h-b¿-ln-°p-∂ B-flm¿∞-X-tbm-Spw kq-£va-X-tbmSpw Iq-Sn Im-cy-am-X ]-k-‡am-b co-Xn-bn¬ B-tem-Nn-°p-hm≥ Rm≥ ]-Xn-\n-[n-I-tfm-Sv A-`y¿-∞n®p-sIm-≈p-∂p. \-Ωp-sS £-Ww kzo-I-cn-®p C-∂n-hn-sS F-Øn-t®¿-∂n-´p-≈ F√m-h-tc-bpw, ]-tXy-In-®p \q-dp-I-W-°n-ep-≈ \mgn-I A-I-se-\n-∂p h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw hn-j-a-ßƒ k-ln-®p F-Øn-t®¿-∂-hsc, Rm-s\m-cn-°¬ Iq-Sn lr-Z-bw-Ka-am-bn kzmK-Xw sN-bvXp-sIm-≈p∂p. hy-‡n-]-cam-b ]-e A-ku-I-cy-ß-fp-ap≠m-bn-cp-∂n-´pw \-Ωp-sS £-W-a-\p-k-cn-®p C-∂n-hn-sS h∂-h-tcm-sS√mw Rm≥ B-flm¿-∞-am-bn \-µn-bp-≈-h-\mWv.

A√m-lp \-Ωp-sS N¿-®-Iƒ-°v am¿§-- Z¿i-\w \¬-Is´! "k-lm-bw A√m-lp-hn¬ \n-∂mWv; hnP-bw B-k-∂-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. (Jp¿-B≥ i-co^v)

k¿k-øn-Zv \-K¿, k-øn-Zv A-–p-d-ln-am≥ _m-^-Jn- X-ßƒ18˛4˛1955


Fw.-kn. hS-Ic

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