Strategies for Successful Informative and Persuasive Speaking

Purposes

Informative Specific Purposes• Process as purpose (chronological;

topical)• Policy as purpose Persuasive Specific Purposes• “Gaining willing acceptance”• State in infinitive form

KINDSINFORMATIVE SPEAKING

• Reports• Goodwill• Briefings• Instruction

PERSUASIVE SPEAKING• Policy• Procedure• Fact (present/ past)• Fact (future: strategic planning)

AUDIENCE ANALYSISDegrees of Interest and Attitudes

• Know their interests• Look for their level of knowledge• Look for hostility• Take into account gender and ages• Looking for agreements or disagreements• Searching for commonalities• Comparing (dis&)agreements

Occasion

Location(physical setting )

ORGANISATIONThe Introduction (PAL)

The Body• Informative Speaking (topical; chronological; causal)

• Persuasive Speaking• problem-solution-benefit • problem-solution

The Summary• Reiterates the said things • Conclusions draw inferences from data

SUPPORTS (Evidence, Data)

Examples

Illustrations

Statistics

Quotations, Testimony

Comparisons (Analogies)

Definitions

Choosing the Support

Reliability

Credibility

Validity(truth)

Recency

Obtaining the evidence

Your scope(fact/opinion)

Clarity (generality/specificity)