ADJECTIVES

ADJECTIVESBY: ARDEY, AT,AFIQ , FAZLINADJECTIVESAdjectives are modifiers. They modify nouns or pronouns. This means they change the image of a noun or pronoun.

EX: He is the most famous man at his school.

Kind of AdjectivesDescriptive Adjectives show the kind of person or thing

- Kota Kinabalu is a beautiful city.- Miss Hidayah is very good in teaching student.Limiting Adjectives

There are five kinds of them:

ArticlesPossessivesDemonstrativesIndefinitesInterrogatives

1.ArticlesThere are three articles:aanTheEx: Take short rest breaks throughout the day.2. PossessivesPossessive adjectives show ownership of a noun.There are fourteen possessive adjectives:my, mineour, oursyour, yoursyour, yourshis, her, hers, its their, theirsEx: He liked his chair at work so much that he bought one for his home office.Ex: Richards degree is in marketing.

3.DemonstrativesDemonstrative adjectives point out a noun. There are four demonstratives:

this, that, these, those

Ex: We recommend this computer monitor for employees with vision problems.

4. IndefinitesIndefinite adjectives point out nouns.They often tell how many or how much of something.There are seventeen of them:all, any, another, both, each, either, few, little, many, more, most, much, neither, one, other, several, some.

Ex: Do you have any difficulty to do this work.

5. InterrogativesInterrogative adjectives are used to ask questions.whichwhatwhoseWhichbottle contains the medicine?Whatshape is the new building?

FORMATION OF ADJECTIVESMany adjectives are formed from nouns.NOUNADJECTIVEfoolfoolishcarecarefulstormstormyglorygloriousshame shamelessSome adjectives are formed from verbs.VERBADJECTIVEStiretirelesstalktalkativeceaseceaselessmovemoveableSome adjectives are formed from other adjectives.

ADJECTIVEADJECTIVEtragictragicalwholewholelessblack blackishsicksicklyCOMPARISON OF ADJECTIVEKamils mango is sweet.

Syafiqs mango is sweeter than Kamils

Asris mango is the sweetest of all.

DEGREES OF COMPARISONPositive(sweet)Superlative(sweetest)Comparative(sweeter)POSITIVESimple formShow the quality of thingsUsed when no comparison is madeStrongNiceLate thewisejudge

thequickhareCOMPARATIVEShows the higher degree of quaility than PositiveUsed when two things is comparedStrongerNicerLaterthe judge iswiserthan the general

the hare isquickerthan the tortoiseSUPERLATIVEShows the highest degree of qualityUsed when more than two things are comparedStrongestNicestLatestthewisestjudge

thequickestanimalFORMATION OF COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVEExampleAdding er, -esttall, taller, tallestDouble the end consonant (if the adjective ends in a single consonant)big, bigger, biggest,if it ends in-y, change it to-i-pretty, prettier, prettiest,if it ends in-e,then -e is elidedwise, wiser, wisest.Adjective has three or more syllables , then more and most are used. beautiful,morebeautiful,mostbeautiful.Some are irregular:Badworsethe worstGoodbetterthe bestFarfurtherthe furthestFarfartherthe farthestLittlelessthe leastMuchmorethe mostManymorethe mostSunny weather is better than rainy weather.

Stormy weather is definitely the worst.

Adjectives of two or more syllables take more and most except two-syllable adjectives which end in -y:Famous more famous the most famousBeautiful more beautiful the most beautifulFunny funnier the funniest

Faiz was one of the most famous rock musicians in the world.

Asri is a famous musician in his village.The following two-syllable adjectives can take either -er/-est or more/most:Common, cruel, gentle, handsome, likely, mature, narrow, pleasant, polite, shallow, simple, stupid.

Stupid stupider the stupidestStupid more stupid the most stupid

Most adverbs take more and most:Easilymore easilymost easilyLoudlymore loudlymost loudly

I wake up easily, because my alarm clock rings loudly.

My brother wakes up more easily, because his alarm clock rings more loudly.

Some are irregular:WellbetterbestBadlyworseworstAdverbs with the same form as adjectives form comparatives and superlatives in the same way as adjectives:FastfasterfastestEarlyearlierearliestHardharderhardestThe horse is running fast.

The sheep is running faster than the horse.

The dog is running the fastest.

THE ORDER OF ADJECTIVESDeterminer or article Determiners - this, that,, my, mine, him, his, herArticles - a, an, theOpinion- polite, cute, difficultSize adjective- large, tiny, enormous, littleAge - new, young, oldShape- Examples: square, round, flat, rectangular

Colour- pink, blue, redOrigin- French, American, eastern, GreekMaterial- wooden, metal, cotton, paperReligion- Buddhist, Taoist, Christian10. Noun used as an adjective - e.g. campus (as in 'campus activities')

REFERENCESWren, P.C.; Martin, H.; Prasada Rao, N.D.V. (2008).High School English Grammar & Composition. India: S. Chand & Company Ltd._______, (_____). Learning English Online: Grammar Exercise Adjectives, Adverb. Retrieved from http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/adjektiv_adverb.htm_______, (_____). Adjectives. Retrieved from http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/adjectives.htm