1 airspace change process & airspace trials in the context of modernising uk airspace darren...
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Airspace Change Process & Airspace Trials in the context of Modernising UK Airspace
Darren RhodesCivil Aviation Authority
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How the airspace looks today
Major Airport
2nd Tier Airport
Heathrow Hold
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All other flights
Heathrow
Gatwick
Luton Stansted
London City
British airspace
Belgian airspace
Dutch airspace
French airspace
How airspace looks today (2)
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Airspace Designed For A Different Era
Yesterday Today
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UK Airspace Requires Modernisation
Deal with current hotspots of congestion
Enable and facilitate continuous improvement in safety
Implement Single European Sky (SES) and International requirements
Take advantage of technological developments to improve efficiency
Be responsive to Government policy and decision-making (references in 2003 Air Transport White Paper, Transport Select Committee Report into Airspace, the Aviation Policy Framework and the Davies Commission Interim Report)
Respond to the DfT Environmental Guidance and deliver environmental benefits
Provide flexibility within the system to enable future development and advancements
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Purpose of the Future Airspace Strategy
The strategic drivers for FAS are: SAFETY, CAPACITY and the ENVIRONMENT
FAS is a strategic framework that will pull together a complex and diverse set of
policy and regulatory issues that will enable balanced judgements to be made that
are properly underpinned by cohesive and cogent policy formulation
This will, in turn, enable air navigation service providers (such as NATS) to create
an airspace structure that is fit for the future, effective, efficient and ensures that the
UK meets any international obligations that are placed upon it
There are environmental benefits that can be delivered but this needs some change
to happen
It is not a detailed implementation plan, although such plans will be driven by the
outcome of the FAS work
The Strategy sets the direction of travel – industry will have to deliver it within the
context of the regulatory framework
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Performance Based Navigation (PBN)
A key enabler that allows us to define routes differently and not to be reliant on fixed, ground-based navigation aids (VORs, NDBs, etc).
Aircraft Flight Management System (FMS) capable of flying the aircraft very accurately along these routes in a wide range of weather (wind) conditions.
Good for concentration
Could be good for dispersion/relief but there are not an unlimited set of options.
Allows us to modernise the airspace through systemisation – removes need for ATC intervention (radar vectors) which in turn has SAFETY and CAPACITY benefits.
PBN enables us to design-in Continuous Climb profiles (4-D tunnels in the sky)
Focus on better climb and descent profiles has ENVIRONMENTAL benefits
BUT……
Concentration can create noise canyons
Not an unlimited set of route options (waypoint capacity and safety (confusion) aspects)
Not all aircraft capable to the same PBN standard (RNAV5, RNAV1, RNP 0.3, etc)
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Gatwick
conventional navigation tracks 14 Nov – 10 Dec 2014
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Gatwick
RNAV departures14 Nov -10 Dec 2014
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RNAV – Fixed Radius Turn
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Current Environmental Guidance
Based on the Aviation Policy Framework (APF) and the Environmental Guidance to the CAA
consulted upon by the DfT in 2013 and published in January 2014.
Requires airspace designers to have regard for the following altitude-based priorities:
Above 7000’ AMSL focus on CO2 emissions.
4000’-7000’ – focus on noise & CO2 emissions.
Below 4000’ – focus should be noise.
Daytime noise 16hr Leq
Night time SEL noise footprints
Current policy is on concentration and not dispersion of aircraft.
Where possible major concentrations of people should not be over-flown.
Requires the CAA to have regard to AONBs and National Parks but does not preclude their
over-flight (where it is impracticable to do otherwise or where as a consequence you might not
achieve the preceding requirements).
Recognises the operational benefits of Continuous Descent and Continuous Climb profiles.
Specific procedures for Noise Designated Airports (LHR, STN, LGW)
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Airspace Trials
What are they? temporary, with a defined end date. Approved by the CAA on safety
and operational grounds. Why are they used?
designed to validate proposals for new routes, the use of new technologies or operating procedures
to develop the evidence base in relation to their impact on the environment
provide a valuable contribution to the efficiency and effectiveness of the UK airspace network
key component of the successful implementation of the Future Airspace Strategy
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Airspace trials consultation/engagement arrangements Because trials are short term or temporary by their nature:
Usually not be necessary or appropriate for the airspace change sponsor to consult on their proposals or to undertake the airspace change approval process
Impact of the proposed change on the environment should be considered by the sponsor prior to implementation and this information used to help the CAA to determine what level of consultation/engagement is required by the trial sponsor
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What Has Happened & When?
Gatwick RNAV departures ACP
Consultation conducted 19 July 2012 to 19 October 2012 (responses by 12 Nov)
Airspace Change Decision published 14 August 2013
Introduced 14 November 2013
Post Implementation Review has begun, to be completed as soon as practicable. Trials
ADNID departure trial started at Gatwick on 17 February 2014 – finished on 8 August 2014
Gather data on ability to create bigger angular separation between successive departures to the
south-west of Gatwick on westerly runway.
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What Has Happened & When? (2)
Gatwick (continued) ACP consultation
NATS’ Consultation on London Airspace Management Plan (LAMP) Phase 1a (15 October
2013 - 21 January 2014 – included Gatwick local area details below 4000ft)
Gatwick Airport LAMP Phase 1a Local Area Consultation (23 May 2014 - 14 August 2014)
Decision not to go ahead with Gatwick area proposals until later in the LAMP programme.
(Decision taken September 2014)
2nd runway
Gatwick’s consultation on 2nd Runway 4 April – 16 May 2014
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What Has Happened & When? (3)
Heathrow Rolling programme of departure trials affecting routes to the south-west and south-east of Heathrow
commenced 16 December 2013.
westerly DOKEN and easterly MIDHURST trial 16 December 2013 to 15 June 2014
test use of PBN on a single departure route
easterly trial Phase 2 28 July to 26 January 2015. Suspended 12 November 2014.
to assess the impacts of multiple routes using precision based navigation
westerly trial Phase 2, 25 Aug 2015 to 26 Jan 2015. Suspended 12 November 2014.
testing of departure routes and respite
easterly trial Phase 3, Feb 2015 to Aug 2015. Postponed
to test advanced airspace design based on learning from previous departure trials.
westerly trial Phase 3, Mar 2015 to Sep 2015. Postponed
to test advanced airspace design based on learning from previous departure trials.
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Thank You Questions