1 epcglobal training suite. 2 introduction tag protocol - uhf class 1 gen 2 ultra high frequency...
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EPCglobal Training SuiteEPCglobal Training SuiteEPCglobal Training SuiteEPCglobal Training Suite
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IntroductionIntroduction
Tag Protocol - UHF Class 1 Gen 2• Ultra High Frequency (UHF)• Generation 2 (Generation 1 is deprecated)• Class 1
Classification Active/Passive Description
Class 1 Passive Write Once, Read Many Times
Class 2 Passive Read / Write
Class 3 Semi-Passive Read / Write with battery power to enhance range
Class 4 Active Read / Write active transmitter
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Tag MemoryTag Memory
Four Memory Banks• Reserved Bank (00)
• Uses for Tag operation control
• EPC Bank (01)• Uses for storing EPC
• TID Bank (10)• Uses for storing unique Tag Identification (TID)
• User Bank (11)• Uses for storing user defined fields
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Tag MemoryTag Memory
Reserved Memory• [00-1F] Kill Password
• [20-3F] Access Password
EPC Bank• [00-0F] Cyclic-Redundancy Check
• [10-1F] Protocol Control
• [20-xx] Electronic Product Code
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Tag MemoryTag Memory
TID Bank• [00-xx] Tag Identification
User Bank• [00-07] Data Storage Format Identifier (DSFID)
• [08-xx] User Defined Fields
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Tag State DiagramTag State Diagram
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
Select Commands• Selects Tag groups to communicating
Inventory Commands• Collecting EPC of Tags in reading range
Access Commands• Access data of specified Tag
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
Select Commands• Selects Tag groups to
communicating
Commands• Select
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
Select Commands• Select can assert or deassert a Tag’s SL flag, or it can set a
Tag’s inventoried flag to either A or B in any one of the four sessions.
The conditions to check a tag is matching or non-matching
Tag’s flags
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
Inventory Commands• Collecting EPC of Tags in
reading range
Commands• Query, QueryAdjust,
QueryRep, ACK, NAK
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
Query• Query initiates and specifies an inventory round.
Choose a group of tags
Tag will pick a random value (slot) in the range2Q− 1If Tag’s slot = 0, the Tag reply RN16.
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
QueryAdjust• QueryAdjust adjusts Q without changing any other round
parameters.Tag will pick a NEW random value
in the range2Q− 1
If Tag’s slot = 0, the Tag reply RN16.
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
QueryRep• QueryRep instructs Tags to decrement their slot counters.• If slot = 0 after decrementing, it will backscatter an RN16 to
Interrogater.
If Tag’s slot = 0, the Tag reply RN16.
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
ACK• ACK echoes the Tag’s backscattered RN16.
Tag reply to a successful ACK command
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
NAK• Any Tag that receives a NAK shall return to the arbitrate state
without changing its inventoried flag (unless the Tag is in ready or killed).
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
Command Sequence (Inventory)Reader Tag1 Tag2 Tag3
Query (Q=1) Slot=0, Reply RN16 Slot=1 Slot=1
ACK (RN16(1)) Reply EPC
QueryRep Slot=0, Reply RN16 Slot=0, Reply RN16
QueryAdj(Q=2) 1 2
QueryRep Slot=0, Reply RN16 Slot=1
ACK(RN16(2)) ReplyEPC
QueryRep Slot=0, Reply RN16
ACK(RN16(3)) Reply EPC
QueryRep
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
Access CommandsAccess data of specified Tag
CommandsReq_RN, Read, Write, Kill, Lock, Access, BlockWrite, BlockErase
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
Access• Access Password (32 bits)• Using access password before accessing Tag data
Read• MemBank
• Select which Tag Memory Bank to be read• WordPtr
• Specify start reading point. A word is 16 bits• WordCount
• Specify how many words to be read
Write• MemBank
• Select which Tag Memory Bank to be write• WordPtr
• Specify start writing point. A word is 16 bits• Data
• The data to be written in MemBank. Writing a word (16 bits) at a time
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
Kill• Kill Password (32 bits)
Req_RN• Instructs a Tag to backscatter a new RN16.
Lock• Lock / Unlock / PermaLock
• Mask (10 bits) and Action (10 bits)
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Reader CommandsReader Commands
BlockWrite• MemBank
• Select which Tag Memory Bank to be written• WordPtr
• Specify start writing point• WordCount
• Specify how many words to be written• Data
• The data to be written in MemBank. Data length is (16 bits * WordCount)
BlockErase• MemBank
• Select which Tag Memory Bank to be erased• WordPtr
• Specify start erasing point• WordCount
• Specify how many words to be erased
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Collision ProblemCollision Problem
What is Collision?• Readers and Tags can not resolve noise signal into correct messages• The radio interference, the noise, is occurred when multiple radio signal
of the same frequency are raised at the same time
Reader Collision• Two or more Readers communication with the same Tag
Tag Collision• Two or more Tags communication with the same Reader
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Solutions of Collision ProblemSolutions of Collision Problem
Reader Collision• Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
• Readers send commands in different time slot
• Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)• Readers send commands by different radio frequency
Tag Collision• Slotted Aloha
• Tags send messages in different time slot
• Tree Walk• The Tags have the number that Reader specified can response