1. introduction to itd course outline mandate mandate organization organization itd sections itd...
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Introduction to ITDIntroduction to ITDCourse OutlineCourse Outline
MandateMandate OrganizationOrganization ITD SectionsITD Sections Trade ConceptsTrade Concepts Data Flows & ProcessingData Flows & Processing DisseminationDissemination Balance of PaymentsBalance of Payments Other TopicsOther Topics
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Objective:Objective:
The primary objective of this program is to measure the The primary objective of this program is to measure the changechange in the stock of material resources of the country in the stock of material resources of the country resulting from the movement of merchandise into or out of resulting from the movement of merchandise into or out of Canada.Canada.
The Canadian Int’l MerchandiseThe Canadian Int’l MerchandiseTrade Statistical ProgramTrade Statistical Program
Mandate:Mandate:
The mandate of the division is to compile, analyze and The mandate of the division is to compile, analyze and disseminate consistent, integrated and timely estimates of disseminate consistent, integrated and timely estimates of Canada’s merchandise exports and imports by partner Canada’s merchandise exports and imports by partner country and commodity as well as price and volume indices country and commodity as well as price and volume indices on imports and exports.on imports and exports.
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Chief StatisticianIvan Fellegi
R. BarnabéACS
Social Statistics
P. SmithACS
Business Statistics
K. WilsonACS
National Accounts
M. WolfsonACS
Analysis & Dev.
W. SmithACS
Communications
F. MarandaACS
Informatics & Meth.
P. JohanisACS
Management Services
L.M. DucharmeDirector General
Economy Wide Statistics
Craig KuntzDirector
International Trade Division
Organizational Structure of Statistics CanadaOrganizational Structure of Statistics Canada3
Organizational Structure of ITDOrganizational Structure of ITDDirector
International Trade
C. Kuntz
Director International
TradeC. Kuntz
Assistant DirectorB. Theriault
Assistant DirectorB. Theriault
ChiefMarketing and Client Services
S. Nevins
ChiefMarketing and Client Services
S. Nevins
ChiefCentral
Coordination Interim C. Barrett
ChiefCentral
Coordination Interim C. Barrett
ChiefMonitor and
Analysis
D. Ogden
ChiefMonitor and
Analysis
D. Ogden
ChiefData Assembly
Section W. Johnson
ChiefData Assembly
Section W. Johnson
Chief Systems
D. Duguay
Chief Systems
D. Duguay
ChiefConcepts and
Liaison
ChiefConcepts and
Liaison
Assistant DirectorC. Barrett
Assistant DirectorC. Barrett
Trade ConceptsTrade Concepts
1) Data Quality1) Data Quality Customs vs. BoPCustoms vs. BoP
2) Timeliness2) Timeliness 5) Classification5) Classification
3) Coverage:3) Coverage: 6) Valuation6) Valuation
a)a) Inclusions Inclusions 7) Quantity7) Quantity
b) Exclusions Exclusions 8) Partner 8) Partner CountryCountry
4) Trade System4) Trade System 9) Confidentiality9) Confidentiality
Trade Data Quality StatementTrade Data Quality Statement
The The quality of statisticsquality of statistics should be judged by its should be judged by its ability to satisfy users’ information needs. ability to satisfy users’ information needs.
Statistics on a particular subject should provide a Statistics on a particular subject should provide a reasonable and timely measure of the real world reasonable and timely measure of the real world economic events to which they relate. economic events to which they relate.
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TimelinessTimeliness
The reference period is the calendar month and the The reference period is the calendar month and the calendar year. The closing of the statistical month calendar year. The closing of the statistical month for imports and exports is defined as the last for imports and exports is defined as the last calendar day of the month, based as closely as calendar day of the month, based as closely as practicable on the date of clearance from Customs.practicable on the date of clearance from Customs.
Published Trade Data is available to the public by 6 Published Trade Data is available to the public by 6 weeks following the end of a reference month in a weeks following the end of a reference month in a variety of electronic and print media.variety of electronic and print media.
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CoverageCoverage
Merchandise trade should record goods that add to, Merchandise trade should record goods that add to, or subtract from, the material resources of Canadaor subtract from, the material resources of Canada
CBSA records all goods that come into, or leave CBSA records all goods that come into, or leave CanadaCanada
Therefore, some things must be included, others, Therefore, some things must be included, others, excluded as not everything that enters or leaves excluded as not everything that enters or leaves affects Canada’s stock of material resourcesaffects Canada’s stock of material resources
CBSA – Canada Border Services AgencyCBSA – Canada Border Services Agency
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Inclusions (examples)Inclusions (examples)
‘‘Normally’ imported/exported goodsNormally’ imported/exported goods Consignment goodsConsignment goods Processing goodsProcessing goods Humanitarian aidHumanitarian aid Financial leasesFinancial leases Non-monetary goldNon-monetary gold Inter-company transfers (parent/ subsidiary)Inter-company transfers (parent/ subsidiary) Etc.Etc.
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Exclusions (examples)Exclusions (examples)
Temporary goodsTemporary goods In-transit goodsIn-transit goods Operational leasesOperational leases Monetary goldMonetary gold Banknotes, securities, coins, in circulationBanknotes, securities, coins, in circulation Waste & scrap (no positive value)Waste & scrap (no positive value) Etc.Etc.
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Trade System DifferencesTrade System Differences
GeneralGeneral SpecialSpecial
Statistical frontier Geographical Boundary Customs Boundary
In1-warehouse Include Exclude
Ex2-warehouse Exclude Include
The United Nations defines two types of trade systems: General & SpecialThe United Nations defines two types of trade systems: General & Special Canada uses the Canada uses the General SystemGeneral System Major differences:Major differences:
1: Refers to goods being entered into a Customs Bonded Warehouse.2: Refers to goods being withdrawn from a Customs Bonded Warehouse.
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Customs vs. BoPCustoms vs. BoP
Generally, Customs based data refers to trade statistics Generally, Customs based data refers to trade statistics based on data collected by a Customs agency;based on data collected by a Customs agency;
In Canada, Balance of Payment (BoP) data are derived In Canada, Balance of Payment (BoP) data are derived from Customs based data and adjusted to better from Customs based data and adjusted to better conform with Systems of National Accounts conform with Systems of National Accounts requirements and principlesrequirements and principles
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ITD Classification SystemsITD Classification Systems (past & present)(past & present)
Commodity ClassificationsCommodity Classifications:: Import Commodity Classification (MCC) Import Commodity Classification (MCC) Export Commodity Classification (XCC) Export Commodity Classification (XCC) Summary Import Groupings (SIG)Summary Import Groupings (SIG) Summary Export Groupings (SEG)Summary Export Groupings (SEG) Principal Commodity Groups (PCG)Principal Commodity Groups (PCG) Canadian International Trade Classification (CITC) Canadian International Trade Classification (CITC) Standard Classification of Goods (SCG)Standard Classification of Goods (SCG) Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (H.S.)Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (H.S.) Standard International Trade Classification (SITC)Standard International Trade Classification (SITC)
Industry ClassificationsIndustry Classifications:: Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)
Used as a basic analytical tool to classify goods, industries Used as a basic analytical tool to classify goods, industries and geographic areas.and geographic areas.
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ClassificationsClassifications
Industry
SIC developed in 1948. Industries broken down by Division, Major Group, Industry Group and Industry Class
NAICS developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States and finalized in 1996. Consists of sectors, sub sectors, industry groups and industries.
Commodity
The MCC was the principal classification used by ITD for import statistics from 1964 to 1977.
The CITC was derived from the MCC – adds 2 digits for detail. Divides commodities according to their stage of fabrication. Used from 1978 to 1987.
The XCC was the classification system for export statistics used from 1961 to 1977.
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ITD’s ClassificationsITD’s Classifications
19661966 19701970 19801980 1990199020002000++
MCCMCC XCCXCC SIG/SEGSIG/SEG CITCCITC HSHS SITC Rev 2SITC Rev 2 SITC Rev 3SITC Rev 3 SIC 80SIC 80 NAICSNAICS
1966 – 1987
1966 - 1987
1966 - present
1972 - 1987
1988 - present
1976 - present1988 - 2001
1980 - 2001
1997 - present
Harmonized SystemHarmonized System
Exports
Approximately 6,000 8 digit H.S. codes used Canadian version adds 2 digits to the 6 digit international code For statistical purposes, a 7th and 8th digit were added
Exports
Approximately 6,000 8 digit H.S. codes used Canadian version adds 2 digits to the 6 digit international code For statistical purposes, a 7th and 8th digit were added
Imports
Approximately 19,000 10 digit H.S. codes used Canadian version adds 4 digits to the 6 digit international code For tariff purposes, a 7th and 8th digit were added For statistical purposes, a 9th and 10th digit were added
Imports
Approximately 19,000 10 digit H.S. codes used Canadian version adds 4 digits to the 6 digit international code For tariff purposes, a 7th and 8th digit were added For statistical purposes, a 9th and 10th digit were added
Beginning in January 1988, ITD classifies import and export Statistics according to the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (H.S.)
This is an international commodity 6 digit classification system
Commodities are classified, in some cases, according to their principal component material
Beginning in January 1988, ITD classifies import and export Statistics according to the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (H.S.)
This is an international commodity 6 digit classification system
Commodities are classified, in some cases, according to their principal component material
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HS Code StructureHS Code Structure
03 02 .12.00.40
Sub-header: Atlantic, Pacific or Danube Salmon
Header: Fish, fresh or chilled…
Chapter: Fish & crustaceans, molluscs & other aquatic invertebrates
International
Tariff Item (zeros)
Canadian
Statistical Suffix: Pink 0302.12.40
IMPORTS EXPORTS
International
Chapter: Fish & crustaceans, molluscs & other aquatic invertebrates
Sub-header: Atlantic, Pacific or Danube Salmon
Statistical Suffix:Chum
Canadian
Header: Fish, fresh or chilled…
≈ 19,000 Codes ≈ 6,000 Codes
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H.S. Chapters 98 and 99H.S. Chapters 98 and 99
These chapters are reserved for special classification provisions.
There are no standard codes or definitions used – each country determines which commodities and corresponding H.S. codes will be included in Chapter 98 and 99.
In Canada, Chapter 98 is used for the classification of transactions that are not classified by commodity as well as transactions that do not have an international financial implication.
Chapter 99 is reserved for transactions that, (inter alia), are confidential or have a small value.
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Imports Chapter 99Imports Chapter 99
There are two import chapter 99s:There are two import chapter 99s:
Customs: uses this chapter to reduce tariff ratesCustoms: uses this chapter to reduce tariff rates
Example:Example:8802.60.10.00 Satellites - 6.5% (MFN*)8802.60.10.00 Satellites - 6.5% (MFN*)9950.00.00.00 Satellites for testing - Free9950.00.00.00 Satellites for testing - FreeOnly the 1st 4 digits of the chapter 99 tariff code are shown on an import Only the 1st 4 digits of the chapter 99 tariff code are shown on an import
entryentry
Statistics: used for publishing statistical dataStatistics: used for publishing statistical data
Example:Example:9901.00.00.00 Low value and confidential goods9901.00.00.00 Low value and confidential goods
*MFN = Most-Favoured-Nation (tariff treatment)*MFN = Most-Favoured-Nation (tariff treatment)
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CONCORDANCESCONCORDANCES
Concordances are prepared to assist users of commodity Concordances are prepared to assist users of commodity statistics to compare data based on different classification statistics to compare data based on different classification systems and to link data.systems and to link data.
Canada – U.S. Concordances
As part of the MOU, Canadian Export data are derived from U.S. Import data and vice versa.
As a result, ITD must convert U.S. imported H.S. (10 digit) commodities to Canadian export HS (8 digit) commodities. Concordances are used for this purpose.
Canada – U.S. Concordances
As part of the MOU, Canadian Export data are derived from U.S. Import data and vice versa.
As a result, ITD must convert U.S. imported H.S. (10 digit) commodities to Canadian export HS (8 digit) commodities. Concordances are used for this purpose.
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ITD CONCORDANCES/ITD CONCORDANCES/GROUPINGSGROUPINGS
H.S.
SEG U.S. Imports
Major Group
Sub Sector
Sector
Major Group
Sub Sector
Sector
SIG
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ValuationValuation
World Trade Organization (WTO) principle used World Trade Organization (WTO) principle used (Transactional Value)(Transactional Value)
Imports:Imports: Free on Board (FOB) Point of Direct ShipmentFree on Board (FOB) Point of Direct Shipment
Exports:Exports: Free on Board (FOB) BorderFree on Board (FOB) Border
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QuantityQuantity
Import & Export quantities collected using ISO codes Import & Export quantities collected using ISO codes Data published with Alpha ISO codesData published with Alpha ISO codes Internal numeric codes on filesInternal numeric codes on files
ISO code: Number = NMBITD Numeric code: 100
ISO code: Number = NMBITD Numeric code: 100
Example:
ISO - International Standardization OrganizationISO - International Standardization Organization
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Quantity CoverageQuantity Coverage
Not all codes have quantities. Not all codes have quantities.
Coverage is:Coverage is: 6 digit level: 6 digit level:
Imports - 75% Imports - 75% Exports - 68% Exports - 68%
(2007 Data Year)(2007 Data Year)
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Partner CountryPartner Country
Imports: country of originImports: country of origin (goods grown, extracted or produced)(goods grown, extracted or produced) Country of shipment availableCountry of shipment available
Exports: country of last known destinationExports: country of last known destination Domestic Exports (grown, extracted or produced in Canada)Domestic Exports (grown, extracted or produced in Canada) Re-exports (foreign goods that are re-sold outside Canada)Re-exports (foreign goods that are re-sold outside Canada) Total Exports (Domestic + Re-exports)Total Exports (Domestic + Re-exports)
Codes:Codes: Collected using ISO Alpha (e.g. United Kingdom = GB)Collected using ISO Alpha (e.g. United Kingdom = GB) ITD numeric codes also used (e.g. United Kingdom = 101)ITD numeric codes also used (e.g. United Kingdom = 101)
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Statistics ActStatistics ActSECRECYSECRECY
Prohibition against divulging informationProhibition against divulging information
17. (1) Except for the purpose of communicating information in accordance 17. (1) Except for the purpose of communicating information in accordance with any conditions of an agreement made under section 11 or 12 and except with any conditions of an agreement made under section 11 or 12 and except for the purposes of a prosecution under this Act but subject to this section,for the purposes of a prosecution under this Act but subject to this section,
(a) no person, other than a person employed or deemed to be employed (a) no person, other than a person employed or deemed to be employed under this Act, and sworn under section 6, shall be permitted to examine any under this Act, and sworn under section 6, shall be permitted to examine any identifiable individual return made for the purposes of this Act; andidentifiable individual return made for the purposes of this Act; and
(b) no person who has been sworn under section 6 shall disclose or (b) no person who has been sworn under section 6 shall disclose or knowingly cause to be disclosed, by any means, any information obtained knowingly cause to be disclosed, by any means, any information obtained under this Act in such a manner that it is possible from the disclosure to relate under this Act in such a manner that it is possible from the disclosure to relate the particulars obtained from any individual return to any identifiable individual the particulars obtained from any individual return to any identifiable individual person, business or organization.person, business or organization.
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ExceptionsExceptions Exception to prohibitionException to prohibition
(2) The Chief Statistician may, by order, authorize the following information to be (2) The Chief Statistician may, by order, authorize the following information to be disclosed:disclosed:
(a) information collected by persons, organizations or departments for their own purposes (a) information collected by persons, organizations or departments for their own purposes and communicated to Statistics Canada before or after May 1, 1971, but that information and communicated to Statistics Canada before or after May 1, 1971, but that information when communicated to Statistics Canada shall be subject to the same secrecy requirements when communicated to Statistics Canada shall be subject to the same secrecy requirements to which it was subject when collected and may only be disclosed by Statistics Canada in the to which it was subject when collected and may only be disclosed by Statistics Canada in the manner and to the extent agreed on by the collector thereof and the Chief Statistician;manner and to the extent agreed on by the collector thereof and the Chief Statistician;
(b) information relating to a (b) information relating to a personperson or organization in respect of which disclosure is or organization in respect of which disclosure is consented to in writing by the person or organization concerned;consented to in writing by the person or organization concerned;
(c) information relating to a (c) information relating to a businessbusiness in respect of which disclosure is consented to in in respect of which disclosure is consented to in writing by the owner for the time being of the business;writing by the owner for the time being of the business;
Requests for confidential information must always be referred to the ITD Confidentiality Requests for confidential information must always be referred to the ITD Confidentiality Focal Points (Chief: Concepts and Liaison or Chief: Marketing and Client Services)Focal Points (Chief: Concepts and Liaison or Chief: Marketing and Client Services)
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Duffett RulesDuffett Rules
The Duffett Rules provide the basic rules of confidentiality to be The Duffett Rules provide the basic rules of confidentiality to be applied to company - establishment data;applied to company - establishment data;
The rules are, in themselves, confidential;The rules are, in themselves, confidential;
Sets out the counts of firms or percentage shares of data cells as Sets out the counts of firms or percentage shares of data cells as the conditions under which data may be considered confidential;the conditions under which data may be considered confidential;
The ITD Confidentiality Manual is the basic ITD reference and gives The ITD Confidentiality Manual is the basic ITD reference and gives practical advice on the application of confidentiality requirements to practical advice on the application of confidentiality requirements to govern ITD activities.govern ITD activities.
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ConfidentialityConfidentiality
What is confidential?
Extracted from the ITD Confidentiality Manual:
GCR 1: Entity: “Any information revealing an individual entity’s activities…cannot be disclosed to anyone not sworn in under the Statistics Act, except as described in Rule 3’
GCR 3:” Confidential information may be returned to the supplier (or its agent) provided it is returned in the same form as received by ITD…”
GCR = General Confidentiality Rule
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Data SuppressionData Suppression
Two Methods:Two Methods:
Active: data are reviewed prior to release;Active: data are reviewed prior to release; Passive: data are released until ITD is notified that it is Passive: data are released until ITD is notified that it is
confidential (ITD verifies);confidential (ITD verifies); ITD uses ITD uses Passive SuppressionPassive Suppression (except for the (except for the
Importer/Exporter Registries).Importer/Exporter Registries).
Three types of suppression:Three types of suppression:
Commodity suppression: data are re-coded to 99.01;Commodity suppression: data are re-coded to 99.01; Quantity suppression: quantities suppressed;Quantity suppression: quantities suppressed; Country suppression: data are re-coded to ‘other’ country.Country suppression: data are re-coded to ‘other’ country.
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IntermissionIntermission1
Data Flows & ProcessingData Flows & Processing
ExportsExports Data ExchangeData Exchange SourcesSources FlowsFlows ProcessingProcessing
ImportsImports FlowsFlows ProcessingProcessing
ITD file structureITD file structure
Basic ITD FlowsBasic ITD Flows
ITD
USCB USCBP
Exporter
CBSA – Canada Border Services Agency
CAED – Canadian Automated Export Declaration
ITD – International Trade Division
USCB – U.S. Census Bureau
USCBP – U.S. Customs Border Protection (U.S. Customs)
CAED & G7
B-13
7501
Exports to non-U.S. destinations
Exports to
U.S
.
data exchange
ITD
7501
Canadian Exports
US imports from Canada
Ele
ctric
ity &
Na
t. G
as
NEB (via MCED)
Data SupplementsCWB & CGC
ITDCBSA
Importer
B-3
Data transfer
Imports to Canada
ITDCBSA
Importer
B-3
Data transfer
edit
edit
edit
Summary
edit
EXPORTS to the U.S.*EXPORTS to the U.S.*DataData Exchange Exchange
7501
B-3Export data
Goods
Goods
Export data
* U.S. includes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands
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2007 Exports Sources by Value
2007 - Exports Source by Value
Two Processing Streams
Exports – non-U.S.
B-13ACAEDG - 7
Summary
Exports – U.S.
Low Value
Non-U.S. Data Sources
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
Val
ue
(mil
lio
ns)
Total Non US
B13a
CAED
G7
LowVal
Summary
6%.06%12%
.05%
3%
79%
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Non-U.S. Exports – Count & ValueNon-U.S. Exports – Count & Value
Non-U.S. Data Sources
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
Val
ue (m
illio
ns)
Total Non US
B13a
CAED
G7
LowVal
Summary
Value
1
Non-U.S. Exports - By Count
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
No
. of
Lin
es
Total
B13a
CAED
G7
Low Value
Summary
Count
Exports – All FlowsExports – All Flows
ITD
USCB USCBP
Exporter
CAED – Canadian Automated Export Declaration
ITD – International Trade Division
USCB – U.S. Census Bureau
USCBP – U.S. Customs Border Protection (U.S. Customs)
CAED & G7
7501
Exports to non-U.S. destinations
Exports to
U.S
.
data tr
ansfer
U.S. imports from Canada
Ele
ctric
ity &
Na
t. G
as
NEB (via MCED)
Data SupplementsCWB & CGC,
B-13a
edit
edit
Summary
edit
CWB – Canadian Wheat Board
CGC – Canadian Grain Commission
NEB – National Energy Board
MCED – Manufacturing, Energy & Construction Division
7501 – U.S. Import Declaration
B-13A – Canadian Export Declaration
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Exports ProcessExports ProcessExports ProcessExports Process
Cut 1 Cut 2Cut 3
NatGasElec.
Cut 4
CAED& G7
ConversionU.S. HS10 – CA HS 8Prov of Origin, MOT
Validation
Combination EditUOM/Qty, HS/Trade Code
ListingHigh Value
Failures >threshold
Manual ReviewSMO’s
Capture
SummaryReporters
B13A
(Prelim)Non-U.S. Peel
(Final)
On-line Editing
Edits / Imputes
ManualReview
Final U.S. Peel(after Cut 4)
Final Peel
SummaryAdjustRaw
Metadata(XAE)
U.S. Process4 transmissions + corrections (bloopers)
Non-U.S. Process
ITDCBSA
Importer
CBSA – Canada Border Services Agency
CADEX – Canadian Automated Declaration Exchange
NEB – National Energy Board
ITD – International Trade Division
MCED – Manufacturing, Construction and Energy Division
B-3
Data transfer
Imports to CanadaImports to Canada
Basic ITD FlowsBasic ITD Flows
edit
edit
NEB (via MCED)
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HS - Harmonized SystemMOT – Mode of TransportationPROV – ProvinceQTY- QuantityUOM – Unit of Measure
Imports Processing Imports Processing Weekly Prelim.Weekly Prelim.
Imports Processing Imports Processing Weekly Prelim.Weekly Prelim.
Clipping (Unit Value Edit)
Micro Edit
(e.g. HS/MOT
MOT/Carrier)
Set Flags
Pre-Processor
(Re-Format
Records)
Rules
MAE2Import
Administrative Entities
Validation
CBSA DataNew recordsAmendments
Clean
Corrections
Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly
Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly
From Clipping
USBC Edits
Prelim Peel
Raw File
Apply Confid.
USBC Edits
U.S. Transmission 1
USBC Edits
Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly
Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly
ApprovalRaw Final
Apply Confid.
U.S. Transmission 2
Edit Late Data
Final USBC
Final Peel
Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly(Files)(Files)
Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly(Files)(Files)
Raw Final
Non-Confid
Confid
Summary
(Confid & Non-Confid)
Prices Process
BoP Process
(Confid Data)
Non-Confid DataAdjusted Files
ITD File DefinitionsITD File Definitions
Raw
Trade and Non-Trade data
Confidentiality not applied
Edited detail records
Adjusted
Trade and Non-Trade data
Confidentiality applied
Adjusted records
Summary
Trade data only
Confidentiality applied
Summarized data
Adjustments
Recode mode of transport (pipeline and mail to other) Wheat adjustment for exports – provincial distribution of value
Confidentiality
Confidential classes and countries are recoded (i.e. Mongolia to China)
Revisions (Customs Basis) Current year – revised monthly Previous year (Y-1) – revised Jan, Feb, Mar & quarterly Further revisions (Y-1, Y-2, Y-3, Y-4) – revised annually
Adjustments
Recode mode of transport (pipeline and mail to other) Wheat adjustment for exports – provincial distribution of value
Confidentiality
Confidential classes and countries are recoded (i.e. Mongolia to China)
Revisions (Customs Basis) Current year – revised monthly Previous year (Y-1) – revised Jan, Feb, Mar & quarterly Further revisions (Y-1, Y-2, Y-3, Y-4) – revised annually
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DisseminationDissemination
1) Monthly 1) Monthly Release: DailyRelease: Daily
5) Requests5) Requests
2) Other Events 2) Other Events on on Release Day Release Day
6) Cost Recovery6) Cost Recovery
3) Users3) Users 7) Client 7) Client RelationsRelations
4) Products and 4) Products and Services Services
8) Promotion8) Promotion
BoP
Release in DailyRelease in Daily
Monthly (monthly, quarterly, annual data) Monthly (monthly, quarterly, annual data)
Major Release prepared by Monitor & AnalysisMajor Release prepared by Monitor & Analysis
Reviewed by Policy CommitteeReviewed by Policy Committee
Pre-release given to Finance, the Privy Council and ITCANPre-release given to Finance, the Privy Council and ITCAN
Press lock-upPress lock-up
Dates established in advance with the U.S.Dates established in advance with the U.S.
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OOther Events on Release ther Events on Release DayDay
CANSIMCANSIM
Canadian International Merchandise Trade Database (CIMT)Canadian International Merchandise Trade Database (CIMT)
World Trade AtlasWorld Trade Atlas
Various internal data extraction toolsVarious internal data extraction tools
E-Pub 65-001 E-Pub 65-001 (Canadian International Merchandise Trade)(Canadian International Merchandise Trade)
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Information on imports and exports are used by:Information on imports and exports are used by:Information on imports and exports are used by:Information on imports and exports are used by:
Statistics Canada Statistics Canada
Who uses this information Who uses this information Who uses this information Who uses this information
Federal and Provincial Governments Federal and Provincial Governments
Inputs into the System of National Accounts (particularly the Balance of Payments and Gross Domestic Product); Input/Output; Agriculture Division; Manufacturing, Construction and Energy Division
Finance, ITCAN …
Importers, exporters, manufacturers, trade associations and shipping companies for market penetration studies; marketing opportunities; etc.
Embassies, UN, OECD
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OutsideOutside ClientsClients
Foreign Governments and AgenciesForeign Governments and Agencies
Products and ServicesProducts and Services
Electronic Products Electronic Products Custom ProductsCustom Products PublicationsPublications Under developmentUnder development
Electronic ProductsElectronic Products
World Trade AnalyzerWorld Trade Analyzer International merchandise trade data between International merchandise trade data between
member countries of United Nationsmember countries of United Nations From 1988 to 2005 From 1988 to 2005 SITC classificationSITC classification
Licensed DataLicensed Data
World Trade Atlas (GTI)World Trade Atlas (GTI) WISER – World Institute for Strategic WISER – World Institute for Strategic
Economic ResearchEconomic Research
Custom ProductsCustom Products CanadianCanadian WorldWorld
over 40 years of dataover 40 years of data HS based 1988 to HS based 1988 to presentpresent variety of variables variety of variables (including month, (including month, country, state, port, country, state, port, mode of transport, mode of transport, NAICS, quantity, value NAICS, quantity, value etc) etc)
Adjusted United Adjusted United Nations data from 1987 Nations data from 1987 to presentto present SITC (rev 2)SITC (rev 2)
Custom Products (continued)Custom Products (continued)
Exporter and Importer RegistersExporter and Importer Registers Number of exporters/importers and value by Number of exporters/importers and value by
industry (NAICS), size, country and province of industry (NAICS), size, country and province of residenceresidence
Employment size for most current yearEmployment size for most current year 1996 – 2006 (Exports)1996 – 2006 (Exports) 2002 – 2005 (Imports)2002 – 2005 (Imports)
Custom Products (continued)Custom Products (continued)
Country Trade ProfileCountry Trade Profile Brief profile of country’s two way trade for Brief profile of country’s two way trade for
consecutive 5 year periodconsecutive 5 year period
Country StatementsCountry Statements Quantity and value for imports and exports at HS6 Quantity and value for imports and exports at HS6
level for given countrylevel for given country
Publications -- MonthlyPublications -- Monthly
65-001 65-001 Release Day Release Day ElectronicElectronic
Publications -- OccasionalPublications -- Occasional 65-20865-208
International Merchandise Trade Annual Review International Merchandise Trade Annual Review PDF & HTMLPDF & HTML
65-20965-209 Canadian Export ClassificationCanadian Export Classification PDFPDF
65-506 65-506 A Profile of Canadian ExportersA Profile of Canadian Exporters PDF PDF
65-50765-507 Canadian Trade ReviewCanadian Trade Review PDF & HTMLPDF & HTML
Under developmentUnder development
Canadian International Trade Statistics Canadian International Trade Statistics Concepts Manual (Public Version)Concepts Manual (Public Version)
Manual highlights various concepts & definitions used in the Manual highlights various concepts & definitions used in the compilation and dissemination of international merchandise compilation and dissemination of international merchandise trade statistics.trade statistics.
Requests – how do people get this Requests – how do people get this stuff?stuff?Requests – how do people get this Requests – how do people get this stuff?stuff?
a)a) Standing OrderStanding Order(Monthly, Quarterly, Semi-Annual, Annual)(Monthly, Quarterly, Semi-Annual, Annual)
Subscribe to regular tabulations as per theirSubscribe to regular tabulations as per theirrequirementsrequirements
b) Ad-hocb) Ad-hoc
For a particular study, trade disputes,For a particular study, trade disputes, 9-11 research, academic/policy research9-11 research, academic/policy research
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Cost RecoveryCost RecoveryCost RecoveryCost Recovery
““Public good data” – freePublic good data” – free ‘ ‘Strategis’/ Trade Data On-Line (Industry Canada)Strategis’/ Trade Data On-Line (Industry Canada) Basic Requests: Canadian International Basic Requests: Canadian International Merchandise Trade database (CIMT) and Cansim Merchandise Trade database (CIMT) and Cansim (minimal fee)(minimal fee)Customised RequestsCustomised Requests
Specifications are received from clientsSpecifications are received from clients Cost/Time estimates are provided by MCSSCost/Time estimates are provided by MCSS
Factors that help determine the cost of a Factors that help determine the cost of a request are complexity, level of detail, request are complexity, level of detail, frequency, etc. frequency, etc.
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Client RelationsClient Relations
Effective communication with clients is a continuous Effective communication with clients is a continuous interactive process based on dedication, trust and hard interactive process based on dedication, trust and hard work.work.
Email: [email protected]: [email protected]
Two databasesTwo databases Act (the “secretary”)Act (the “secretary”) CLIREQ (the “accountant”)CLIREQ (the “accountant”)
Sales Team, Technical Support, Regional OfficeSales Team, Technical Support, Regional Office
Shipping and invoicingShipping and invoicing
PromotionPromotion
In recent years, we had limited promotional activities. In recent years, we had limited promotional activities.
New approach:New approach:We sell information to assist in business and economic decision We sell information to assist in business and economic decision making. We want to partner with our users to realize the best making. We want to partner with our users to realize the best potential in the use of that information.potential in the use of that information.
Getting the word out “push” versus “pull”.Getting the word out “push” versus “pull”. Promotional magazine adsPromotional magazine adsGoogle AdsGoogle Ads Trade showsTrade shows Liaison (Natural Resource Canada (NRCAN), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Liaison (Natural Resource Canada (NRCAN), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), etc.)(AAFC), etc.) People find us (The Daily or newspapers)People find us (The Daily or newspapers) Internet – links from many sitesInternet – links from many sites ITD Intranet siteITD Intranet site
Regional Office teams = extension of the home division’s client Regional Office teams = extension of the home division’s client service team. service team.
Balance of PaymentsBalance of Payments
Two data series:Two data series: Customs BasedCustoms Based
Derived from Customs administrative Derived from Customs administrative datadata
Balance of Payments (BoP)Balance of Payments (BoP) Derived from Customs based dataDerived from Customs based data Closer conformity to System of National Closer conformity to System of National
Accounts (SNA) conceptsAccounts (SNA) concepts
Customs Vs BoP BasisCustoms Vs BoP Basis
Customs Basis:Customs Basis: Change in material stocksChange in material stocks Based on physical movementBased on physical movement
BoP Basis:BoP Basis: Transactions between residents and Transactions between residents and
non-residentsnon-residents Involves ‘Change of Ownership’Involves ‘Change of Ownership’
BoP PrinciplesBoP Principles
Measures economic transactions Measures economic transactions between residents and non-residents;between residents and non-residents;
TransactionsTransactions: economic flow reflecting the creation, : economic flow reflecting the creation, transformation, exchange, transfer or extinction of transformation, exchange, transfer or extinction of economic value;economic value;
(Not necessarily a (Not necessarily a payment)payment);;
ResidentResident: center of economic interest within an economic : center of economic interest within an economic territory engaging in economic activities/transactions of a territory engaging in economic activities/transactions of a significant scale;significant scale;
Involves Involves change of ownershipchange of ownership of goods or assets, of goods or assets, services or provision of labour or capital;services or provision of labour or capital;
ExampleExample
Non-monetary gold sold by a Canadian Non-monetary gold sold by a Canadian company to a foreign company company to a foreign company (investor). The gold remains in Canada.(investor). The gold remains in Canada.
Customs basisCustoms basis: no trade: no trade
BoP basisBoP basis: trade (change of ownership : trade (change of ownership to a non-resident)to a non-resident)
Main Differences (Goods) – Customs Vs BoPMain Differences (Goods) – Customs Vs BoPCustomsCustoms BoPBoP
Travellers’ goodsTravellers’ goods Include (significant scale)Include (significant scale) Exclude (service)Exclude (service)
Returned goodsReturned goods IncludeInclude Exclude (deduct imp & exp)Exclude (deduct imp & exp)
Migrants’ effectsMigrants’ effects Include (significant scale)Include (significant scale) Include allInclude all
Fish catch, seabed mineralsFish catch, seabed minerals
(national vessel in foreign port or (national vessel in foreign port or high seas)high seas)
ExcludeExclude IncludeInclude
Bunkers, stores, ballast, etcBunkers, stores, ballast, etc ExcludeExclude IncludeInclude
Lost/destroyed goods (shipped Lost/destroyed goods (shipped but not received)but not received)
Imports – excludeImports – exclude
Exports – include if ownership Exports – include if ownership NOT changed;NOT changed;
Exclude if changedExclude if changed
Include if ownership changedInclude if ownership changed
Mobile equipment – sold abroadMobile equipment – sold abroad ExcludeExclude IncludeInclude
Goods for repairGoods for repair ExcludeExclude Include (exc. Construction, Include (exc. Construction, computing, maintenance in computing, maintenance in ports/airports [service])ports/airports [service])
Smuggled goodsSmuggled goods ExcludeExclude IncludeInclude
Project goods by non-residentProject goods by non-resident IncludeInclude Exclude (project = service)Exclude (project = service)
Merchanted goodsMerchanted goods
(goods purchased by resident, (goods purchased by resident, re-sold but not entering Canada)re-sold but not entering Canada)
ExcludeExclude Exclude (generally)Exclude (generally)
Include-bought not re-sold Include-bought not re-sold (Import)(Import)
Include-re-sold in diff. accounting Include-re-sold in diff. accounting period – Negative importperiod – Negative import
ConsiderationsConsiderations
Limitation: Customs data – no change Limitation: Customs data – no change of ownership info (when, where)of ownership info (when, where)
BoP Proxies:BoP Proxies: When: Time of border crossing used When: Time of border crossing used
instead of time of financial recording instead of time of financial recording (accrual basis proxy)(accrual basis proxy)
Where: Country of shipment used Where: Country of shipment used instead of country of origin (imports)instead of country of origin (imports)
BoP AdjustmentsBoP AdjustmentsTable 1
Summary of balance of payments adjustments
Exports ImportsCoverage Petroleum Crude petroleum
Natural gas Mail additionUndercoverage (Non U.S.) Undeclared tobacco
additionCustom software
deductionTiming Grains Late documents,
automotive, partsLate documents, general
Inland freight valuation
Inland freight addition Inland freight addition
Other valuation and residency
Freight and discount deductions (valuation)
Freight deduction (valuation)
Petroleum (valuation) Non-monetary gold addition (residency)
Pre-packaged software U.S. addition (valuation)
Country of shipment (residency)
Non-monetary gold addition (residency)
Export Under CoverageExport Under Coverage A BoP adjustment is made for trade to Non-U.S. A BoP adjustment is made for trade to Non-U.S.
countries for which export customs documents have countries for which export customs documents have not been receivednot been received. .
20020000
$16.8b$16.8b
20020011
$15.9b$15.9b
20020022
$15.5b$15.5b
20020033
$15.4b$15.4b
20020044
$14.5b$14.5b
20020055
$13.0b$13.0b
20020066
$13.9b$13.9b
20020077
$15.3b$15.3b
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Reconciliation Table - Customs to BoPReconciliation Table - Customs to BoP
EXPORTS EXPORTS (millions of dollars)(millions of dollars)
20072007 20062006
DecDec NovNov OctOct SeptSept AugAug JulyJuly AnnuaAnnuall
Customs BasisCustoms Basis 32,5732,5755
35,8835,8855
37,2037,2077
35,6435,6422
37,7137,7100
35,0335,0377
440,272440,272
BoP AdjustmentsBoP Adjustments 2,4862,486 2,2232,223 1,0051,005 1,2611,261 1,0721,072 1,4201,420 15,42415,424
Valuation & ResidencyValuation & Residency
Inland freightInland freight 503503 525525 618618 561561 572572 604604 7,4787,478
Other valuation & res.Other valuation & res. -151-151 -322-322 -1,054-1,054 -908-908 -990-990 -795-795 -13,005-13,005
TimingTiming 480480 9494 -18-18 -16-16 00 -33-33 22
CoverageCoverage 1,6541,654 1,9261,926 1,4591,459 1,6241,624 1,4901,490 1,6441,644 20,94920,949
BoP BasisBoP Basis 35,0635,0611
38,1038,1088
38,2138,2122
36,9036,9033
38,7838,7822
36,4536,4577
455,696455,696
Customs Basis Most frequently requested data
Provides full commodity & country detail
Covers the physical movement of goods as reflected on Customs documents
Summary – Customs Vs BoPSummary – Customs Vs BoP
Balance of Payments Basis (BOP) Adjusted data (e.g. trade coverage, definition, valuation and timing)
Country detail: U.S., Japan, EU, Other OECD, Other
Commodity detail: 64 categories
Conforms with National Accounts concepts and definitions
Intended to cover all economic transactions between residents and non-residents which involve merchandise trade
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ContactsContacts
DataData Marketing & Client ServicesMarketing & Client Services E-mail: [email protected]: [email protected] Tel: 1-800-294-5583Tel: 1-800-294-5583
ConceptsConcepts Concepts & LiaisonConcepts & Liaison E-mail: [email protected]: [email protected] Tel: (613) 951-4805Tel: (613) 951-4805
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Credits
Consultant (Dissemination)……….………………..…Andrea Mathieson
………………………..…Anne Couilliard
……………………………Natasha Maheu
Co-ordination & Animation (Imports).………..… Jennifer Meester
…………….Alan TorranceTeam Leader (Concepts & BoP)..................….. Alan TorranceConsultant (Exports)….………………………….….. Lyn Wilson