1 robots inside designing and controlling medical nanorobots chris phoenix director of research (on...
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Robots Inside Designing and Controlling Medical Nanorobots
Chris Phoenix
Director of Research (on sabbatical), Center for Responsible Nanotechnology
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My History
Drexler's nanotech class, Stanford, 1988MSCS '91Software and dyslexia careers1996-2002, coauthored "Vasculoid" with Robert
Freitas2002, co-founded Center for Responsible
Nanotechnology
3Nanoparticles
ICsMolecular Manufacturing
OpticsImaging
Macromolecules
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Nanotechnology
Medicine
Communications
NanoMedicoTelecommunications
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What is a robot?
A machine with programmable behavior
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Today's New Molecular Technologies
Single-molecule sensorsEnergy transducersMolecular containersCoupled devices
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"Sorting Rotor"
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Future: Molecular Manufacturing
Engineered molecular machinesBottom-up constructionSmall productsLarge quantitiesHigh performance
Result?Revolution; probably disruption…Bigger choices.
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Nanofactory images
lizardfire.com/html_nano/nano.html
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Medical problems to solve
BiocompatibilityPower supplySensingHeat dissipationCommunication
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In-Body Robots
Micro-devices•Hormone pumps•Pacemakers•Surgical robots•Catheters
Molecular constructions•Anti-cancer packages•Liposomes
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Future Robots
~1-10 micron^3Advanced functionality•Sensing•Molecular intervention•Functional intervention
10 pW per robot (cell ~30 pW)10^11 robots per body•50-100 micron separation
Far more data than bandwidth
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Medicine Is Hard
Systems of systemsEnvironment and homeostasisPathogensPervasive degenerationDisease identification
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Communication Is Key
Learn medical statusControl robot behaviorProvide robot infrastructure•Location awareness•Coordination
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Sensory Capabilities
Molecule detection: 10^7 types per cubic-micron detector
Displacement, motion, forcePressure, soundTemperatureElectric, magneticCell structure
See Nanomedicine Ch. 4http://www.nanomedicine.com/NMI.htm
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Size / Speed / Sensitivity
Temperature•57 nm^3, 1 nsec, 31 mK•1E9 nm^3, 100 usec, 1 uK
Single-proton massometer•1E5 nm^3•10 usec cycle time?
10 pm, 10 pN
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Communication Methods To Nanorobots
ChemicalAcousticElectromagneticPhysical network/cablesPhysiological monitoring
See Nanomedicine Ch. 7http://www.nanomedicine.com/NMI.htm
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Communication Methods From Nanorobots
Chemical (short-range, or externally processed)
Acoustic (short-range)Electromagnetic (collective only)Physiological stimulationPhysical network/cables
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Summary
Acoustic•100-micron distance•100 MHz frequency = 60,000 pW•A few pW = a few kb/second
Radio•10^6 bits/sec•Incoming only
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Bigger Questions
Therapy vs. Enhancement•e.g. Respirocytes for SCUBA diving
Patient-medibot interaction•Especially neural stimulation
Destructive uses of medical technology
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Roadmaps and Bootstrapping
Foresight/Battelle/Drexler: mainly biopolymer Freitas/Merkle: direct to diamondoid Increasingly small manufacturing Molecular building blocks Biopolymer/Silica
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How soon?
Cost probably drops with Moore’s Law Exponentially and rapidly
Tech trends without forcing: three decades? …till it would be achieved with minimal effort
Thus, if $1B now: $1M in one decade??? Who will want it, and when will they realize? How fast can a "Nanhattan project" go?